SQLite

**   (2) the expression does originate in the ON or USING clause
**       of a LEFT JOIN, and
**   (3) the expression does not contain any EP_FixedCol TK_COLUMN
**       operands created by the constant propagation optimization.
**
** When this routine returns true, it indicates that the expression
** can be added to the pParse->pConstExpr list and evaluated once when
** the prepared statement starts up.  See sqlite3ExprCodeRunJustOnce().
*/
int sqlite3ExprIsConstantNotJoin(Expr *p){
  return exprIsConst(p, 2, 0);
}

/*
** Walk an expression tree.  Return non-zero if the expression is constant

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
      if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_WinFunc) ){
        return pExpr->y.pWin->regResult;
      }
#endif

      if( ConstFactorOk(pParse) && sqlite3ExprIsConstantNotJoin(pExpr) ){
        /* SQL functions can be expensive. So try to avoid running them
        ** multiple times if we know they always give the same result */
        return sqlite3ExprCodeRunJustOnce(pParse, pExpr, -1);
      }
      assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_xIsSelect) );
      assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_TokenOnly) );
      pFarg = pExpr->x.pList;
      nFarg = pFarg ? pFarg->nExpr : 0;
      assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_IntValue) );
      zId = pExpr->u.zToken;

  }
  sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regFree1);
  sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regFree2);
  return inReg;
}

/*
** Generate code that will evaluate expression pExpr just one time
** per prepared statement execution.
**
** If the expression uses functions (that might throw an exception) then
** guard them with an OP_Once opcode to ensure that the code is only executed
** once. If no functions are involved, then factor the code out and put it at
** the end of the prepared statement in the initialization section.
**
** If regDest>=0 then the result is always stored in that register and the
** result is not reusable.  If regDest<0 then this routine is free to 
** store the value whereever it wants.  The register where the expression 
** is stored is returned.  When regDest<0, two identical expressions might
** code to the same register, if they do not contain function calls and hence
** are factored out into the initialization section at the end of the
** prepared statement.
*/
int sqlite3ExprCodeRunJustOnce(
  Parse *pParse,    /* Parsing context */
  Expr *pExpr,      /* The expression to code when the VDBE initializes */
  int regDest       /* Store the value in this register */
){
  ExprList *p;
  assert( ConstFactorOk(pParse) );
  p = pParse->pConstExpr;
  if( regDest<0 && p ){
    struct ExprList_item *pItem;
    int i;
    for(pItem=p->a, i=p->nExpr; i>0; pItem++, i--){
      if( pItem->reusable && sqlite3ExprCompare(0,pItem->pExpr,pExpr,-1)==0 ){
        return pItem->u.iConstExprReg;
      }
    }
  }
  pExpr = sqlite3ExprDup(pParse->db, pExpr, 0);
  if( pExpr!=0 && ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_HasFunc) ){
    Vdbe *v = pParse->pVdbe;
    int addr;
    assert( v );
    addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(v, OP_Once); VdbeCoverage(v);
    pParse->okConstFactor = 0;
    if( !pParse->db->mallocFailed ){
      if( regDest<0 ) regDest = ++pParse->nMem;
      sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pExpr, regDest);
    }
    pParse->okConstFactor = 1;
    sqlite3ExprDelete(pParse->db, pExpr);
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr);
  }else{
    p = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, p, pExpr);
    if( p ){
       struct ExprList_item *pItem = &p->a[p->nExpr-1];
       pItem->reusable = regDest<0;
       if( regDest<0 ) regDest = ++pParse->nMem;
       pItem->u.iConstExprReg = regDest;
    }
    pParse->pConstExpr = p;
  }
  return regDest;
}

/*
** Generate code to evaluate an expression and store the results
** into a register.  Return the register number where the results
** are stored.

  int r2;
  pExpr = sqlite3ExprSkipCollateAndLikely(pExpr);
  if( ConstFactorOk(pParse)
   && pExpr->op!=TK_REGISTER
   && sqlite3ExprIsConstantNotJoin(pExpr)
  ){
    *pReg  = 0;
    r2 = sqlite3ExprCodeRunJustOnce(pParse, pExpr, -1);
  }else{
    int r1 = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
    r2 = sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(pParse, pExpr, r1);
    if( r2==r1 ){
      *pReg = r1;
    }else{
      sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, r1);

** Generate code that will evaluate expression pExpr and store the
** results in register target.  The results are guaranteed to appear
** in register target.  If the expression is constant, then this routine
** might choose to code the expression at initialization time.
*/
void sqlite3ExprCodeFactorable(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int target){
  if( pParse->okConstFactor && sqlite3ExprIsConstantNotJoin(pExpr) ){
    sqlite3ExprCodeRunJustOnce(pParse, pExpr, target);
  }else{
    sqlite3ExprCodeCopy(pParse, pExpr, target);
  }
}

/*
** Generate code that pushes the value of every element of the given

        n--;
      }else{
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, copyOp, j+srcReg-1, target+i);
      }
    }else if( (flags & SQLITE_ECEL_FACTOR)!=0
           && sqlite3ExprIsConstantNotJoin(pExpr)
    ){
      sqlite3ExprCodeRunJustOnce(pParse, pExpr, target+i);
    }else{
      int inReg = sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(pParse, pExpr, target+i);
      if( inReg!=target+i ){
        VdbeOp *pOp;
        if( copyOp==OP_Copy
         && (pOp=sqlite3VdbeGetOp(v, -1))->opcode==OP_Copy
         && pOp->p1+pOp->p3+1==inReg

    if( sqlite3ExprCompare(pParse, pA->pRight, pB->pRight, iTab) ) return 2;
    if( sqlite3ExprListCompare(pA->x.pList, pB->x.pList, iTab) ) return 2;
    if( pA->op!=TK_STRING
     && pA->op!=TK_TRUEFALSE
     && ALWAYS((combinedFlags & EP_Reduced)==0)
    ){
      if( pA->iColumn!=pB->iColumn ) return 2;
      if( pA->op2!=pB->op2 && pA->op==TK_TRUTH ) return 2;














      if( pA->op!=TK_IN && pA->iTable!=pB->iTable && pA->iTable!=iTab ){
        return 2;
      }
    }
  }
  return 0;
}

void sqlite3ExprCodeMove(Parse*, int, int, int);
void sqlite3ExprCode(Parse*, Expr*, int);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
void sqlite3ExprCodeGeneratedColumn(Parse*, Column*, int);
#endif
void sqlite3ExprCodeCopy(Parse*, Expr*, int);
void sqlite3ExprCodeFactorable(Parse*, Expr*, int);
int sqlite3ExprCodeRunJustOnce(Parse*, Expr*, int);
int sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(Parse*, Expr*, int*);
int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse*, Expr*, int);
int sqlite3ExprCodeExprList(Parse*, ExprList*, int, int, u8);
#define SQLITE_ECEL_DUP      0x01  /* Deep, not shallow copies */
#define SQLITE_ECEL_FACTOR   0x02  /* Factor out constant terms */
#define SQLITE_ECEL_REF      0x04  /* Use ExprList.u.x.iOrderByCol */
#define SQLITE_ECEL_OMITREF  0x08  /* Omit if ExprList.u.x.iOrderByCol */

  i64 nByte;          /* Total size of the output string or blob */
  u16 flags1;         /* Initial flags for P1 */
  u16 flags2;         /* Initial flags for P2 */

  pIn1 = &aMem[pOp->p1];
  pIn2 = &aMem[pOp->p2];
  pOut = &aMem[pOp->p3];

  testcase( pOut==pIn2 );
  assert( pIn1!=pOut );
  flags1 = pIn1->flags;
  testcase( flags1 & MEM_Null );
  testcase( pIn2->flags & MEM_Null );
  if( (flags1 | pIn2->flags) & MEM_Null ){
    sqlite3VdbeMemSetNull(pOut);

              30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,
              40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,a)
   )
  );
  INSERT INTO t1(a) VALUES(1),(2);
  SELECT * FROM t1;
} {1 2}

# 2020-03-11 COALESCE() should short-circuit
# See also ticket 3c9eadd2a6ba0aa5
# Both issues stem from the fact that functions that could
# throw exceptions were being factored out into initialization
# code.  The fix was to put those function calls inside of
# OP_Once instead.
#
reset_db
do_execsql_test func-35.100 {
  CREATE TABLE t1(x);
  SELECT coalesce(x, abs(-9223372036854775808)) FROM t1;
} {}
do_execsql_test func-35.110 {
  SELECT coalesce(x, 'xyz' LIKE printf('%.1000000c','y')) FROM t1;
} {}
do_execsql_test func-35.200 {
  CREATE TABLE t0(c0 CHECK(ABS(-9223372036854775808)));
  PRAGMA integrity_check;
} {ok}

finish_test

} {1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8}
sqlite3_create_function db
do_execsql_test func5-2.2 {
  SELECT x, y FROM t2
   WHERE x+counter1('hello')=counter1('hello')+x
   ORDER BY +x;
} {}
set cvalue [db one {SELECT counter2('hello')+1}]
do_execsql_test func5-2.3 {
  SELECT x, y FROM t2
   WHERE x+counter2('hello')=$cvalue+x
   ORDER BY +x;
} {1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8}


finish_test