**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** This file contains routines used for analyzing expressions and
** for generating VDBE code that evaluates expressions in SQLite.
**
** $Id: expr.c,v 1.230 2005/09/23 21:11:54 drh Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"
#include <ctype.h>

/*
** Return the 'affinity' of the expression pExpr if any.
**
................................................................................

    case TK_EXISTS:
    case TK_SELECT: {
      /* This has to be a scalar SELECT.  Generate code to put the
      ** value of this select in a memory cell and record the number
      ** of the memory cell in iColumn.
      */
      int sop;
      Select *pSel;



      pExpr->iColumn = pParse->nMem++;
      pSel = pExpr->pSelect;
      if( pExpr->op==TK_SELECT ){
        sop = SRT_Mem;


      }else{
        static const Token one = { "1", 0, 1 };
        sop = SRT_Exists;
        sqlite3ExprListDelete(pSel->pEList);
        pSel->pEList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(0, 
                          sqlite3Expr(TK_INTEGER, 0, 0, &one), 0);
      }


      sqlite3Select(pParse, pSel, sop, pExpr->iColumn, 0, 0, 0, 0);
      break;
    }
  }

  if( testAddr ){
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, testAddr);
  }

**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** This file contains routines used for analyzing expressions and
** for generating VDBE code that evaluates expressions in SQLite.
**
** $Id: expr.c,v 1.231 2005/10/06 16:53:15 drh Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"
#include <ctype.h>

/*
** Return the 'affinity' of the expression pExpr if any.
**
................................................................................

    case TK_EXISTS:
    case TK_SELECT: {
      /* This has to be a scalar SELECT.  Generate code to put the
      ** value of this select in a memory cell and record the number
      ** of the memory cell in iColumn.
      */
      static const Token one = { "1", 0, 1 };
      Select *pSel;
      int iMem;
      int sop;

      pExpr->iColumn = iMem = pParse->nMem++;
      pSel = pExpr->pSelect;
      if( pExpr->op==TK_SELECT ){
        sop = SRT_Mem;
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MemNull, iMem, 0);
        VdbeComment((v, "# Init subquery result"));
      }else{

        sop = SRT_Exists;

        sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MemInt, 0, iMem);
        VdbeComment((v, "# Init EXISTS result"));
      }
      sqlite3ExprDelete(pSel->pLimit);
      pSel->pLimit = sqlite3Expr(TK_INTEGER, 0, 0, &one);
      sqlite3Select(pParse, pSel, sop, iMem, 0, 0, 0, 0);
      break;
    }
  }

  if( testAddr ){
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, testAddr);
  }

**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** This file contains C code routines that are called by the parser
** to handle SELECT statements in SQLite.
**
** $Id: select.c,v 1.276 2005/09/20 18:13:24 drh Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"


/*
** Allocate a new Select structure and return a pointer to that
** structure.
................................................................................
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Sequence, pOrderBy->iECursor, 0);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Pull, pOrderBy->nExpr + 1, 0);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MakeRecord, pOrderBy->nExpr + 2, 0);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_IdxInsert, pOrderBy->iECursor, 0);
}

/*
** Add code to implement the OFFSET and LIMIT
*/
static void codeLimiter(
  Vdbe *v,          /* Generate code into this VM */
  Select *p,        /* The SELECT statement being coded */
  int iContinue,    /* Jump here to skip the current record */
  int iBreak,       /* Jump here to end the loop */
  int nPop          /* Number of times to pop stack when jumping */
){
  if( p->iOffset>=0 && iContinue!=0 ){
    int addr = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v) + 3;
    if( nPop>0 ) addr++;
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MemIncr, p->iOffset, 0);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_IfMemPos, p->iOffset, addr);
    if( nPop>0 ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Pop, nPop, 0);
    }
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Goto, 0, iContinue);
    VdbeComment((v, "# skip OFFSET records"));
  }
  if( p->iLimit>=0 && iBreak!=0 ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MemIncr, p->iLimit, iBreak);
    VdbeComment((v, "# exit when LIMIT reached"));
  }
}

/*
** Add code that will check to make sure the top N elements of the
** stack are distinct.  iTab is a sorting index that holds previously
** seen combinations of the N values.  A new entry is made in iTab
** if the current N values are new.
................................................................................
  assert( pEList!=0 );

  /* If there was a LIMIT clause on the SELECT statement, then do the check
  ** to see if this row should be output.
  */
  hasDistinct = distinct>=0 && pEList && pEList->nExpr>0;
  if( pOrderBy==0 && !hasDistinct ){
    codeLimiter(v, p, iContinue, iBreak, 0);
  }

  /* Pull the requested columns.
  */
  if( nColumn>0 ){
    for(i=0; i<nColumn; i++){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Column, srcTab, i);
................................................................................
  ** and this row has been seen before, then do not make this row
  ** part of the result.
  */
  if( hasDistinct ){
    int n = pEList->nExpr;
    codeDistinct(v, distinct, iContinue, n, n+1);
    if( pOrderBy==0 ){
      codeLimiter(v, p, iContinue, iBreak, nColumn);
    }
  }

  switch( eDest ){
    /* In this mode, write each query result to the key of the temporary
    ** table iParm.
    */
................................................................................
        aff = sqlite3CompareAffinity(pEList->a[0].pExpr, aff);
        sqlite3VdbeOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, 1, 0, &aff, 1);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_IdxInsert, (iParm&0x0000FFFF), 0);
      }
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr2);
      break;
    }










    /* If this is a scalar select that is part of an expression, then
    ** store the results in the appropriate memory cell and break out
    ** of the scan loop.
    */
    case SRT_Exists:
    case SRT_Mem: {
      assert( nColumn==1 );
      if( pOrderBy ){
        pushOntoSorter(pParse, v, pOrderBy);
      }else{
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MemStore, iParm, 1);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Goto, 0, iBreak);
      }
      break;
    }
#endif /* #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY */

    /* Send the data to the callback function or to a subroutine.  In the
    ** case of a subroutine, the subroutine itself is responsible for
................................................................................
    default: {
      assert( eDest==SRT_Discard );
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Pop, nColumn, 0);
      break;
    }
#endif
  }







  return 0;
}

/*
** Given an expression list, generate a KeyInfo structure that records
** the collating sequence for each expression in that expression list.
**
................................................................................
  int cont = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
  int addr;
  int iTab;
  ExprList *pOrderBy = p->pOrderBy;

  iTab = pOrderBy->iECursor;
  addr = 1 + sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Sort, iTab, brk);
  codeLimiter(v, p, cont, brk, 0);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Column, iTab, pOrderBy->nExpr + 1);
  switch( eDest ){
    case SRT_Table:
    case SRT_VirtualTab: {
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_NewRowid, iParm, 0);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Pull, 1, 0);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Insert, iParm, 0);
................................................................................
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_NotNull, -1, sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)+3);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Pop, 1, 0);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Goto, 0, sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)+3);
      sqlite3VdbeOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, 1, 0, "n", P3_STATIC);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_IdxInsert, (iParm&0x0000FFFF), 0);
      break;
    }
    case SRT_Exists:
    case SRT_Mem: {
      assert( nColumn==1 );
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MemStore, iParm, 1);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Goto, 0, brk);
      break;
    }
#endif
    case SRT_Callback:
    case SRT_Subroutine: {
      int i;
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Integer, p->pEList->nExpr, 0);
................................................................................
      break;
    }
    default: {
      /* Do nothing */
      break;
    }
  }










  sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, cont);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Next, iTab, addr);
  sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, brk);
}

/*
** Return a pointer to a string containing the 'declaration type' of the
................................................................................
    v = pParse->pVdbe = sqlite3VdbeCreate(pParse->db);
  }
  return v;
}

/*
** Compute the iLimit and iOffset fields of the SELECT based on the
** pLimit and pOffset expressions.  nLimit and nOffset hold the expressions
** that appear in the original SQL statement after the LIMIT and OFFSET
** keywords.  Or NULL if those keywords are omitted. iLimit and iOffset 
** are the integer memory register numbers for counters used to compute 
** the limit and offset.  If there is no limit and/or offset, then 
** iLimit and iOffset are negative.
**
** This routine changes the values if iLimit and iOffset only if
** a limit or offset is defined by nLimit and nOffset.  iLimit and
** iOffset should have been preset to appropriate default values
** (usually but not always -1) prior to calling this routine.
** Only if nLimit>=0 or nOffset>0 do the limit registers get
** redefined.  The UNION ALL operator uses this property to force
** the reuse of the same limit and offset registers across multiple
** SELECT statements.
*/
static void computeLimitRegisters(Parse *pParse, Select *p){
  /* 
  ** "LIMIT -1" always shows all rows.  There is some
  ** contraversy about what the correct behavior should be.
  ** The current implementation interprets "LIMIT 0" to mean
  ** no rows.
  */
  if( p->pLimit ){
................................................................................
    Vdbe *v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
    if( v==0 ) return;
    sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, p->pLimit);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MustBeInt, 0, 0);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Negative, 0, 0);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MemStore, iMem, 1);
    VdbeComment((v, "# LIMIT counter"));

    p->iLimit = iMem;
  }
  if( p->pOffset ){
    int iMem = pParse->nMem++;
    Vdbe *v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
    if( v==0 ) return;
    sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, p->pOffset);
................................................................................

  /* Generate code for the left and right SELECT statements.
  */
  pOrderBy = p->pOrderBy;
  switch( p->op ){
    case TK_ALL: {
      if( pOrderBy==0 ){

        assert( !pPrior->pLimit );
        pPrior->pLimit = p->pLimit;
        pPrior->pOffset = p->pOffset;
        rc = sqlite3Select(pParse, pPrior, eDest, iParm, 0, 0, 0, aff);
        if( rc ){
          goto multi_select_end;
        }
        p->pPrior = 0;
        p->iLimit = pPrior->iLimit;
        p->iOffset = pPrior->iOffset;
        p->pLimit = 0;
        p->pOffset = 0;




        rc = sqlite3Select(pParse, p, eDest, iParm, 0, 0, 0, aff);
        p->pPrior = pPrior;
        if( rc ){
          goto multi_select_end;
        }



        break;
      }
      /* For UNION ALL ... ORDER BY fall through to the next case */
    }
    case TK_EXCEPT:
    case TK_UNION: {
      int unionTab;    /* Cursor number of the temporary table holding result */
................................................................................
        int iCont, iBreak, iStart;
        assert( p->pEList );
        if( eDest==SRT_Callback ){
          generateColumnNames(pParse, 0, p->pEList);
        }
        iBreak = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
        iCont = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);

        sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Rewind, unionTab, iBreak);
        computeLimitRegisters(pParse, p);
        iStart = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
        rc = selectInnerLoop(pParse, p, p->pEList, unionTab, p->pEList->nExpr,
                             pOrderBy, -1, eDest, iParm, 
                             iCont, iBreak, 0);
        if( rc ){
          rc = 1;
          goto multi_select_end;
................................................................................
      */
      assert( p->pEList );
      if( eDest==SRT_Callback ){
        generateColumnNames(pParse, 0, p->pEList);
      }
      iBreak = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
      iCont = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);

      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Rewind, tab1, iBreak);
      computeLimitRegisters(pParse, p);
      iStart = sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_RowKey, tab1, 0);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_NotFound, tab2, iCont);
      rc = selectInnerLoop(pParse, p, p->pEList, tab1, p->pEList->nExpr,
                             pOrderBy, -1, eDest, iParm, 
                             iCont, iBreak, 0);
      if( rc ){
        rc = 1;
................................................................................
  Expr *pExpr;
  int iCol;
  Table *pTab;
  Index *pIdx;
  int base;
  Vdbe *v;
  int seekOp;
  int cont;
  ExprList *pEList, *pList, eList;
  struct ExprList_item eListItem;
  SrcList *pSrc;


  /* Check to see if this query is a simple min() or max() query.  Return
  ** zero if it is  not.
  */
  if( p->pGroupBy || p->pHaving || p->pWhere ) return 0;
  pSrc = p->pSrc;
  if( pSrc->nSrc!=1 ) return 0;
................................................................................
  /* Generating code to find the min or the max.  Basically all we have
  ** to do is find the first or the last entry in the chosen index.  If
  ** the min() or max() is on the INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, then find the first
  ** or last entry in the main table.
  */
  sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(pParse, pTab->iDb);
  base = pSrc->a[0].iCursor;

  computeLimitRegisters(pParse, p);
  if( pSrc->a[0].pSelect==0 ){
    sqlite3OpenTableForReading(v, base, pTab);
  }
  cont = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
  if( pIdx==0 ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, seekOp, base, 0);
  }else{
    /* Even though the cursor used to open the index here is closed
    ** as soon as a single value has been read from it, allocate it
    ** using (pParse->nTab++) to prevent the cursor id from being 
    ** reused. This is important for statements of the form 
................................................................................
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Close, iIdx, 0);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MoveGe, base, 0);
  }
  eList.nExpr = 1;
  memset(&eListItem, 0, sizeof(eListItem));
  eList.a = &eListItem;
  eList.a[0].pExpr = pExpr;
  selectInnerLoop(pParse, p, &eList, 0, 0, 0, -1, eDest, iParm, cont, cont, 0);
  sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, cont);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Close, base, 0);
  
  return 1;
}

/*
** Analyze and ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause in a SELECT statement.  Return
................................................................................
  ExprList *pGroupBy;    /* The GROUP BY clause.  May be NULL */
  Expr *pHaving;         /* The HAVING clause.  May be NULL */
  int isDistinct;        /* True if the DISTINCT keyword is present */
  int distinct;          /* Table to use for the distinct set */
  int rc = 1;            /* Value to return from this function */
  int addrSortIndex;     /* Address of an OP_OpenVirtual instruction */
  AggInfo sAggInfo;      /* Information used by aggregate queries */


  if( sqlite3_malloc_failed || pParse->nErr || p==0 ) return 1;
  if( sqlite3AuthCheck(pParse, SQLITE_SELECT, 0, 0, 0) ) return 1;
  memset(&sAggInfo, 0, sizeof(sAggInfo));

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT
  /* If there is are a sequence of queries, do the earlier ones first.
................................................................................
  ** errors before this routine starts.
  */
  if( pParse->nErr>0 ) goto select_end;

  /* If writing to memory or generating a set
  ** only a single column may be output.
  */
  assert( eDest!=SRT_Exists || pEList->nExpr==1 );
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
  if( (eDest==SRT_Mem || eDest==SRT_Set) && pEList->nExpr>1 ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "only a single result allowed for "
       "a SELECT that is part of an expression");
    goto select_end;
  }
#endif
................................................................................
                        (char*)pKeyInfo, P3_KEYINFO_HANDOFF);
  }else{
    addrSortIndex = -1;
  }

  /* Set the limiter.
  */

  computeLimitRegisters(pParse, p);

  /* If the output is destined for a temporary table, open that table.
  */
  if( eDest==SRT_VirtualTab ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_OpenVirtual, iParm, pEList->nExpr);
  }


  /* Initialize the memory cell to NULL for SRT_Mem or 0 for SRT_Exists
  */
  if( eDest==SRT_Mem ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MemNull, iParm, 0);
  }else if( eDest==SRT_Exists ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MemInt, 0, iParm);
  }

  /* Open a virtual index to use for the distinct set.
  */
  if( isDistinct ){
    KeyInfo *pKeyInfo;
    distinct = pParse->nTab++;
    pKeyInfo = keyInfoFromExprList(pParse, p->pEList);
    sqlite3VdbeOp3(v, OP_OpenVirtual, distinct, 0, 
................................................................................
    assert( pParent->pSrc->nSrc>parentTab );
    assert( pParent->pSrc->a[parentTab].pSelect==p );
    sqlite3SelectDelete(p);
    pParent->pSrc->a[parentTab].pSelect = 0;
  }
#endif





  /* The SELECT was successfully coded.   Set the return code to 0
  ** to indicate no errors.
  */
  rc = 0;

  /* Control jumps to here if an error is encountered above, or upon
  ** successful coding of the SELECT.
  */
select_end:
  sqliteFree(sAggInfo.aCol);
  sqliteFree(sAggInfo.aFunc);
  return rc;
}

**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** This file contains C code routines that are called by the parser
** to handle SELECT statements in SQLite.
**
** $Id: select.c,v 1.277 2005/10/06 16:53:15 drh Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"


/*
** Allocate a new Select structure and return a pointer to that
** structure.
................................................................................
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Sequence, pOrderBy->iECursor, 0);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Pull, pOrderBy->nExpr + 1, 0);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MakeRecord, pOrderBy->nExpr + 2, 0);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_IdxInsert, pOrderBy->iECursor, 0);
}

/*
** Add code to implement the OFFSET
*/
static void codeOffset(
  Vdbe *v,          /* Generate code into this VM */
  Select *p,        /* The SELECT statement being coded */
  int iContinue,    /* Jump here to skip the current record */

  int nPop          /* Number of times to pop stack when jumping */
){
  if( p->iOffset>=0 && iContinue!=0 ){
    int addr = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v) + 3;
    if( nPop>0 ) addr++;
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MemIncr, p->iOffset, 0);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_IfMemPos, p->iOffset, addr);
    if( nPop>0 ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Pop, nPop, 0);
    }
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Goto, 0, iContinue);
    VdbeComment((v, "# skip OFFSET records"));
  }




}

/*
** Add code that will check to make sure the top N elements of the
** stack are distinct.  iTab is a sorting index that holds previously
** seen combinations of the N values.  A new entry is made in iTab
** if the current N values are new.
................................................................................
  assert( pEList!=0 );

  /* If there was a LIMIT clause on the SELECT statement, then do the check
  ** to see if this row should be output.
  */
  hasDistinct = distinct>=0 && pEList && pEList->nExpr>0;
  if( pOrderBy==0 && !hasDistinct ){
    codeOffset(v, p, iContinue, 0);
  }

  /* Pull the requested columns.
  */
  if( nColumn>0 ){
    for(i=0; i<nColumn; i++){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Column, srcTab, i);
................................................................................
  ** and this row has been seen before, then do not make this row
  ** part of the result.
  */
  if( hasDistinct ){
    int n = pEList->nExpr;
    codeDistinct(v, distinct, iContinue, n, n+1);
    if( pOrderBy==0 ){
      codeOffset(v, p, iContinue, nColumn);
    }
  }

  switch( eDest ){
    /* In this mode, write each query result to the key of the temporary
    ** table iParm.
    */
................................................................................
        aff = sqlite3CompareAffinity(pEList->a[0].pExpr, aff);
        sqlite3VdbeOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, 1, 0, &aff, 1);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_IdxInsert, (iParm&0x0000FFFF), 0);
      }
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr2);
      break;
    }

    /* If any row exists in the result set, record that fact and abort.
    */
    case SRT_Exists: {
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MemInt, 1, iParm);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Pop, nColumn, 0);
      /* The LIMIT clause will terminate the loop for us */
      break;
    }

    /* If this is a scalar select that is part of an expression, then
    ** store the results in the appropriate memory cell and break out
    ** of the scan loop.
    */

    case SRT_Mem: {
      assert( nColumn==1 );
      if( pOrderBy ){
        pushOntoSorter(pParse, v, pOrderBy);
      }else{
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MemStore, iParm, 1);
        /* The LIMIT clause will jump out of the loop for us */
      }
      break;
    }
#endif /* #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY */

    /* Send the data to the callback function or to a subroutine.  In the
    ** case of a subroutine, the subroutine itself is responsible for
................................................................................
    default: {
      assert( eDest==SRT_Discard );
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Pop, nColumn, 0);
      break;
    }
#endif
  }

  /* Jump to the end of the loop if the LIMIT is reached.
  */
  if( p->iLimit>=0 && pOrderBy==0 ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MemIncr, p->iLimit, 0);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_IfMemZero, p->iLimit, iBreak);
  }
  return 0;
}

/*
** Given an expression list, generate a KeyInfo structure that records
** the collating sequence for each expression in that expression list.
**
................................................................................
  int cont = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
  int addr;
  int iTab;
  ExprList *pOrderBy = p->pOrderBy;

  iTab = pOrderBy->iECursor;
  addr = 1 + sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Sort, iTab, brk);
  codeOffset(v, p, cont, 0);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Column, iTab, pOrderBy->nExpr + 1);
  switch( eDest ){
    case SRT_Table:
    case SRT_VirtualTab: {
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_NewRowid, iParm, 0);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Pull, 1, 0);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Insert, iParm, 0);
................................................................................
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_NotNull, -1, sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)+3);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Pop, 1, 0);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Goto, 0, sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)+3);
      sqlite3VdbeOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, 1, 0, "n", P3_STATIC);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_IdxInsert, (iParm&0x0000FFFF), 0);
      break;
    }

    case SRT_Mem: {
      assert( nColumn==1 );
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MemStore, iParm, 1);
      /* The LIMIT clause will terminate the loop for us */
      break;
    }
#endif
    case SRT_Callback:
    case SRT_Subroutine: {
      int i;
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Integer, p->pEList->nExpr, 0);
................................................................................
      break;
    }
    default: {
      /* Do nothing */
      break;
    }
  }

  /* Jump to the end of the loop when the LIMIT is reached
  */
  if( p->iLimit>=0 ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MemIncr, p->iLimit, 0);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_IfMemZero, p->iLimit, brk);
  }

  /* The bottom of the loop
  */
  sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, cont);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Next, iTab, addr);
  sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, brk);
}

/*
** Return a pointer to a string containing the 'declaration type' of the
................................................................................
    v = pParse->pVdbe = sqlite3VdbeCreate(pParse->db);
  }
  return v;
}

/*
** Compute the iLimit and iOffset fields of the SELECT based on the
** pLimit and pOffset expressions.  pLimit and pOffset hold the expressions
** that appear in the original SQL statement after the LIMIT and OFFSET
** keywords.  Or NULL if those keywords are omitted. iLimit and iOffset 
** are the integer memory register numbers for counters used to compute 
** the limit and offset.  If there is no limit and/or offset, then 
** iLimit and iOffset are negative.
**
** This routine changes the values if iLimit and iOffset only if
** a limit or offset is defined by pLimit and pOffset.  iLimit and
** iOffset should have been preset to appropriate default values
** (usually but not always -1) prior to calling this routine.
** Only if pLimit!=0 or pOffset!=0 do the limit registers get
** redefined.  The UNION ALL operator uses this property to force
** the reuse of the same limit and offset registers across multiple
** SELECT statements.
*/
static void computeLimitRegisters(Parse *pParse, Select *p, int iBreak){
  /* 
  ** "LIMIT -1" always shows all rows.  There is some
  ** contraversy about what the correct behavior should be.
  ** The current implementation interprets "LIMIT 0" to mean
  ** no rows.
  */
  if( p->pLimit ){
................................................................................
    Vdbe *v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
    if( v==0 ) return;
    sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, p->pLimit);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MustBeInt, 0, 0);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Negative, 0, 0);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MemStore, iMem, 1);
    VdbeComment((v, "# LIMIT counter"));
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_IfMemZero, iMem, iBreak);
    p->iLimit = iMem;
  }
  if( p->pOffset ){
    int iMem = pParse->nMem++;
    Vdbe *v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
    if( v==0 ) return;
    sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, p->pOffset);
................................................................................

  /* Generate code for the left and right SELECT statements.
  */
  pOrderBy = p->pOrderBy;
  switch( p->op ){
    case TK_ALL: {
      if( pOrderBy==0 ){
        int addr = 0;
        assert( !pPrior->pLimit );
        pPrior->pLimit = p->pLimit;
        pPrior->pOffset = p->pOffset;
        rc = sqlite3Select(pParse, pPrior, eDest, iParm, 0, 0, 0, aff);
        if( rc ){
          goto multi_select_end;
        }
        p->pPrior = 0;
        p->iLimit = pPrior->iLimit;
        p->iOffset = pPrior->iOffset;
        p->pLimit = 0;
        p->pOffset = 0;
        if( p->iLimit>=0 ){
          addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_IfMemZero, p->iLimit, 0);
          VdbeComment((v, "# Jump ahead if LIMIT reached"));
        }
        rc = sqlite3Select(pParse, p, eDest, iParm, 0, 0, 0, aff);
        p->pPrior = pPrior;
        if( rc ){
          goto multi_select_end;
        }
        if( addr ){
          sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr);
        }
        break;
      }
      /* For UNION ALL ... ORDER BY fall through to the next case */
    }
    case TK_EXCEPT:
    case TK_UNION: {
      int unionTab;    /* Cursor number of the temporary table holding result */
................................................................................
        int iCont, iBreak, iStart;
        assert( p->pEList );
        if( eDest==SRT_Callback ){
          generateColumnNames(pParse, 0, p->pEList);
        }
        iBreak = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
        iCont = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
        computeLimitRegisters(pParse, p, iBreak);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Rewind, unionTab, iBreak);

        iStart = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
        rc = selectInnerLoop(pParse, p, p->pEList, unionTab, p->pEList->nExpr,
                             pOrderBy, -1, eDest, iParm, 
                             iCont, iBreak, 0);
        if( rc ){
          rc = 1;
          goto multi_select_end;
................................................................................
      */
      assert( p->pEList );
      if( eDest==SRT_Callback ){
        generateColumnNames(pParse, 0, p->pEList);
      }
      iBreak = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
      iCont = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
      computeLimitRegisters(pParse, p, iBreak);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Rewind, tab1, iBreak);

      iStart = sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_RowKey, tab1, 0);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_NotFound, tab2, iCont);
      rc = selectInnerLoop(pParse, p, p->pEList, tab1, p->pEList->nExpr,
                             pOrderBy, -1, eDest, iParm, 
                             iCont, iBreak, 0);
      if( rc ){
        rc = 1;
................................................................................
  Expr *pExpr;
  int iCol;
  Table *pTab;
  Index *pIdx;
  int base;
  Vdbe *v;
  int seekOp;

  ExprList *pEList, *pList, eList;
  struct ExprList_item eListItem;
  SrcList *pSrc;
  int brk;

  /* Check to see if this query is a simple min() or max() query.  Return
  ** zero if it is  not.
  */
  if( p->pGroupBy || p->pHaving || p->pWhere ) return 0;
  pSrc = p->pSrc;
  if( pSrc->nSrc!=1 ) return 0;
................................................................................
  /* Generating code to find the min or the max.  Basically all we have
  ** to do is find the first or the last entry in the chosen index.  If
  ** the min() or max() is on the INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, then find the first
  ** or last entry in the main table.
  */
  sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(pParse, pTab->iDb);
  base = pSrc->a[0].iCursor;
  brk = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
  computeLimitRegisters(pParse, p, brk);
  if( pSrc->a[0].pSelect==0 ){
    sqlite3OpenTableForReading(v, base, pTab);
  }

  if( pIdx==0 ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, seekOp, base, 0);
  }else{
    /* Even though the cursor used to open the index here is closed
    ** as soon as a single value has been read from it, allocate it
    ** using (pParse->nTab++) to prevent the cursor id from being 
    ** reused. This is important for statements of the form 
................................................................................
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Close, iIdx, 0);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MoveGe, base, 0);
  }
  eList.nExpr = 1;
  memset(&eListItem, 0, sizeof(eListItem));
  eList.a = &eListItem;
  eList.a[0].pExpr = pExpr;
  selectInnerLoop(pParse, p, &eList, 0, 0, 0, -1, eDest, iParm, brk, brk, 0);
  sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, brk);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Close, base, 0);
  
  return 1;
}

/*
** Analyze and ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause in a SELECT statement.  Return
................................................................................
  ExprList *pGroupBy;    /* The GROUP BY clause.  May be NULL */
  Expr *pHaving;         /* The HAVING clause.  May be NULL */
  int isDistinct;        /* True if the DISTINCT keyword is present */
  int distinct;          /* Table to use for the distinct set */
  int rc = 1;            /* Value to return from this function */
  int addrSortIndex;     /* Address of an OP_OpenVirtual instruction */
  AggInfo sAggInfo;      /* Information used by aggregate queries */
  int iEnd;              /* Address of the end of the query */

  if( sqlite3_malloc_failed || pParse->nErr || p==0 ) return 1;
  if( sqlite3AuthCheck(pParse, SQLITE_SELECT, 0, 0, 0) ) return 1;
  memset(&sAggInfo, 0, sizeof(sAggInfo));

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT
  /* If there is are a sequence of queries, do the earlier ones first.
................................................................................
  ** errors before this routine starts.
  */
  if( pParse->nErr>0 ) goto select_end;

  /* If writing to memory or generating a set
  ** only a single column may be output.
  */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
  if( (eDest==SRT_Mem || eDest==SRT_Set) && pEList->nExpr>1 ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "only a single result allowed for "
       "a SELECT that is part of an expression");
    goto select_end;
  }
#endif
................................................................................
                        (char*)pKeyInfo, P3_KEYINFO_HANDOFF);
  }else{
    addrSortIndex = -1;
  }

  /* Set the limiter.
  */
  iEnd = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
  computeLimitRegisters(pParse, p, iEnd);

  /* If the output is destined for a temporary table, open that table.
  */
  if( eDest==SRT_VirtualTab ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_OpenVirtual, iParm, pEList->nExpr);
  }










  /* Open a virtual index to use for the distinct set.
  */
  if( isDistinct ){
    KeyInfo *pKeyInfo;
    distinct = pParse->nTab++;
    pKeyInfo = keyInfoFromExprList(pParse, p->pEList);
    sqlite3VdbeOp3(v, OP_OpenVirtual, distinct, 0, 
................................................................................
    assert( pParent->pSrc->nSrc>parentTab );
    assert( pParent->pSrc->a[parentTab].pSelect==p );
    sqlite3SelectDelete(p);
    pParent->pSrc->a[parentTab].pSelect = 0;
  }
#endif

  /* Jump here to skip this query
  */
  sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, iEnd);

  /* The SELECT was successfully coded.   Set the return code to 0
  ** to indicate no errors.
  */
  rc = 0;

  /* Control jumps to here if an error is encountered above, or upon
  ** successful coding of the SELECT.
  */
select_end:
  sqliteFree(sAggInfo.aCol);
  sqliteFree(sAggInfo.aFunc);
  return rc;
}

**    May you do good and not evil.
**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** Internal interface definitions for SQLite.
**
** @(#) $Id: sqliteInt.h,v 1.421 2005/09/19 21:05:49 drh Exp $
*/
#ifndef _SQLITEINT_H_
#define _SQLITEINT_H_

/*
** Many people are failing to set -DNDEBUG=1 when compiling SQLite.
** Setting NDEBUG makes the code smaller and run faster.  So the following
................................................................................

#define SRT_Callback     4  /* Invoke a callback with each row of result */
#define SRT_Mem          5  /* Store result in a memory cell */
#define SRT_Set          6  /* Store non-null results as keys in an index */
#define SRT_Table        7  /* Store result as data with an automatic rowid */
#define SRT_VirtualTab   8  /* Create virtual table and store like SRT_Table */
#define SRT_Subroutine   9  /* Call a subroutine to handle results */
#define SRT_Exists      10  /* Put 0 or 1 in a memory cell */

/*
** An SQL parser context.  A copy of this structure is passed through
** the parser and down into all the parser action routine in order to
** carry around information that is global to the entire parse.
**
** The structure is divided into two parts.  When the parser and code

**    May you do good and not evil.
**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** Internal interface definitions for SQLite.
**
** @(#) $Id: sqliteInt.h,v 1.422 2005/10/06 16:53:15 drh Exp $
*/
#ifndef _SQLITEINT_H_
#define _SQLITEINT_H_

/*
** Many people are failing to set -DNDEBUG=1 when compiling SQLite.
** Setting NDEBUG makes the code smaller and run faster.  So the following
................................................................................

#define SRT_Callback     4  /* Invoke a callback with each row of result */
#define SRT_Mem          5  /* Store result in a memory cell */
#define SRT_Set          6  /* Store non-null results as keys in an index */
#define SRT_Table        7  /* Store result as data with an automatic rowid */
#define SRT_VirtualTab   8  /* Create virtual table and store like SRT_Table */
#define SRT_Subroutine   9  /* Call a subroutine to handle results */
#define SRT_Exists      10  /* Store 1 if the result is not empty */

/*
** An SQL parser context.  A copy of this structure is passed through
** the parser and down into all the parser action routine in order to
** carry around information that is global to the entire parse.
**
** The structure is divided into two parts.  When the parser and code

    if( azResult==0 ) return;
    n = (int)azResult[0];
    for(i=1; i<n; i++){ if( azResult[i] ) free(azResult[i]); }
    free(azResult);
  }
}

#endif SQLITE_OMIT_GET_TABLE

    if( azResult==0 ) return;
    n = (int)azResult[0];
    for(i=1; i<n; i++){ if( azResult[i] ) free(azResult[i]); }
    free(azResult);
  }
}

#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_GET_TABLE */

**
** Various scripts scan this source file in order to generate HTML
** documentation, headers files, or other derived files.  The formatting
** of the code in this file is, therefore, important.  See other comments
** in this file for details.  If in doubt, do not deviate from existing
** commenting and indentation practices when changing or adding code.
**
** $Id: vdbe.c,v 1.491 2005/09/20 17:42:23 drh Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"
#include "os.h"
#include <ctype.h>
#include "vdbeInt.h"

/*
................................................................................
  break;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINCREMENT */

/* Opcode: MemIncr P1 P2 *
**
** Increment the integer valued memory cell P1 by 1.  If P2 is not zero
** and the result after the increment is exactly 1, then jump
** to P2.
**
** This instruction throws an error if the memory cell is not initially
** an integer.
*/
case OP_MemIncr: {        /* no-push */
  int i = pOp->p1;
  Mem *pMem;
  assert( i>=0 && i<p->nMem );
  pMem = &p->aMem[i];
  assert( pMem->flags==MEM_Int );
  pMem->i++;
  if( pOp->p2>0 && pMem->i==1 ){
     pc = pOp->p2 - 1;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: IfMemPos P1 P2 *
**
** If the value of memory cell P1 is 1 or greater, jump to P2. This
** opcode assumes that memory cell P1 holds an integer value.

*/
case OP_IfMemPos: {        /* no-push */
  int i = pOp->p1;
  Mem *pMem;
  assert( i>=0 && i<p->nMem );
  pMem = &p->aMem[i];
  assert( pMem->flags==MEM_Int );
  if( pMem->i>0 ){














     pc = pOp->p2 - 1;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: MemNull P1 * *
**

**
** Various scripts scan this source file in order to generate HTML
** documentation, headers files, or other derived files.  The formatting
** of the code in this file is, therefore, important.  See other comments
** in this file for details.  If in doubt, do not deviate from existing
** commenting and indentation practices when changing or adding code.
**
** $Id: vdbe.c,v 1.492 2005/10/06 16:53:16 drh Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"
#include "os.h"
#include <ctype.h>
#include "vdbeInt.h"

/*
................................................................................
  break;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINCREMENT */

/* Opcode: MemIncr P1 P2 *
**
** Increment the integer valued memory cell P1 by 1.  If P2 is not zero
** and the result after the increment is exactly 0, then jump
** to P2.
**
** This instruction throws an error if the memory cell is not initially
** an integer.
*/
case OP_MemIncr: {        /* no-push */
  int i = pOp->p1;
  Mem *pMem;
  assert( i>=0 && i<p->nMem );
  pMem = &p->aMem[i];
  assert( pMem->flags==MEM_Int );
  pMem->i++;
  if( pOp->p2>0 && pMem->i==0 ){
     pc = pOp->p2 - 1;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: IfMemPos P1 P2 *
**
** If the value of memory cell P1 is 1 or greater, jump to P2.  If
** the memory cell holds an integer of 0 or less or if it holds something
** that is not an integer, then fall thru.
*/
case OP_IfMemPos: {        /* no-push */
  int i = pOp->p1;
  Mem *pMem;
  assert( i>=0 && i<p->nMem );
  pMem = &p->aMem[i];
  if( pMem->flags==MEM_Int && pMem->i>0 ){
     pc = pOp->p2 - 1;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: IfMemZero P1 P2 *
**
** If the value of memory cell P1 is exactly 0, jump to P2.
*/
case OP_IfMemZero: {        /* no-push */
  int i = pOp->p1;
  Mem *pMem;
  assert( i>=0 && i<p->nMem );
  pMem = &p->aMem[i];
  if( pMem->flags==MEM_Int && pMem->i==0 ){
     pc = pOp->p2 - 1;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: MemNull P1 * *
**

# 2005 September 19
#
# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
#
#    May you do good and not evil.
#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
#
#***********************************************************************
# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.
#
# This file implements tests to verify that ticket #1473 has been
# fixed.  
#

set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
source $testdir/tester.tcl

do_test tkt1473-1.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t1(a,b);
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1,2);
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(3,4);
    SELECT * FROM t1
  }
} {1 2 3 4}

do_test tkt1473-1.2 {
  execsql {
    SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=1 UNION ALL SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=0
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-1.3 {
  execsql {
    SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=1 UNION SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=0
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-1.4 {
  execsql {
    SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=1 UNION ALL SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=4
  }
} {1 2}
do_test tkt1473-1.5 {
  execsql {
    SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=1 UNION SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=4
  }
} {1 2}
do_test tkt1473-1.6 {
  execsql {
    SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=0 UNION ALL SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=4
  }
} {2}
do_test tkt1473-1.7 {
  execsql {
    SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=0 UNION SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=4
  }
} {2}
do_test tkt1473-1.8 {
  execsql {
    SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=0 UNION ALL SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=0
  }
} {}
do_test tkt1473-1.9 {
  execsql {
    SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=0 UNION SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=0
  }
} {}

do_test tkt1473-2.2 {
  execsql {
    SELECT (SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=1 UNION ALL SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=0)
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-2.3 {
  execsql {
    SELECT (SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=1 UNION SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=0)
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-2.4 {
  execsql {
    SELECT (SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=1 UNION ALL SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=4)
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-2.5 {
  execsql {
    SELECT (SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=1 UNION SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=4)
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-2.6 {
  execsql {
    SELECT (SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=0 UNION ALL SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=4)
  }
} {2}
do_test tkt1473-2.7 {
  execsql {
    SELECT (SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=0 UNION SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=4)
  }
} {2}
do_test tkt1473-2.8 {
  execsql {
    SELECT (SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=0 UNION ALL SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=0)
  }
} {{}}
do_test tkt1473-2.9 {
  execsql {
    SELECT (SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=0 UNION SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=0)
  }
} {{}}

do_test tkt1473-3.2 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS
      (SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=1 UNION ALL SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=0)
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-3.3 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS
      (SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=1 UNION SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=0)
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-3.4 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS
      (SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=1 UNION ALL SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=4)
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-3.5 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS
      (SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=1 UNION SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=4)
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-3.6 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS
      (SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=0 UNION ALL SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=4)
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-3.7 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS
      (SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=0 UNION SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=4)
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-3.8 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS
      (SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=0 UNION ALL SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=0)
  }
} {0}
do_test tkt1473-3.9 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS
      (SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE a=0 UNION SELECT 2 FROM t1 WHERE b=0)
  }
} {0}

do_test tkt1473-4.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t2(x,y);
    INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1,2);
    INSERT INTO t2 SELECT x+2, y+2 FROM t2;
    INSERT INTO t2 SELECT x+4, y+4 FROM t2;
    INSERT INTO t2 SELECT x+8, y+8 FROM t2;
    INSERT INTO t2 SELECT x+16, y+16 FROM t2;
    INSERT INTO t2 SELECT x+32, y+32 FROM t2;
    INSERT INTO t2 SELECT x+64, y+64 FROM t2;
    SELECT count(*), sum(x), sum(y) FROM t2;
  }
} {64 4096 4160}
do_test tkt1473-4.2 {
  execsql {
    SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=0
    UNION ALL
    SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE x=1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT 3 FROM t2 WHERE x=2
    UNION ALL
    SELECT 4 FROM t2 WHERE x=3
    UNION ALL
    SELECT 5 FROM t2 WHERE x=4
    UNION ALL
    SELECT 6 FROM t2 WHERE y=0
    UNION ALL
    SELECT 7 FROM t2 WHERE y=1
    UNION ALL
    SELECT 8 FROM t2 WHERE y=2
    UNION ALL
    SELECT 9 FROM t2 WHERE y=3
    UNION ALL
    SELECT 10 FROM t2 WHERE y=4
  }
} {2 4 8 10}
do_test tkt1473-4.3 {
  execsql {
    SELECT (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=0
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE x=1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 3 FROM t2 WHERE x=2
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 4 FROM t2 WHERE x=3
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 5 FROM t2 WHERE x=4
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 6 FROM t2 WHERE y=0
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 7 FROM t2 WHERE y=1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 8 FROM t2 WHERE y=2
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 9 FROM t2 WHERE y=3
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 10 FROM t2 WHERE y=4
    )
  }
} {2}
do_test tkt1473-4.4 {
  execsql {
    SELECT (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=0
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE x=-1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 3 FROM t2 WHERE x=2
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 4 FROM t2 WHERE x=3
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 5 FROM t2 WHERE x=4
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 6 FROM t2 WHERE y=0
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 7 FROM t2 WHERE y=1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 8 FROM t2 WHERE y=2
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 9 FROM t2 WHERE y=3
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 10 FROM t2 WHERE y=4
    )
  }
} {4}
do_test tkt1473-4.5 {
  execsql {
    SELECT (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=0
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE x=-1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 3 FROM t2 WHERE x=2
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 4 FROM t2 WHERE x=-1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 5 FROM t2 WHERE x=4
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 6 FROM t2 WHERE y=0
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 7 FROM t2 WHERE y=1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 8 FROM t2 WHERE y=2
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 9 FROM t2 WHERE y=3
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 10 FROM t2 WHERE y=-4
    )
  }
} {8}
do_test tkt1473-4.6 {
  execsql {
    SELECT (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=0
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE x=-1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 3 FROM t2 WHERE x=2
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 4 FROM t2 WHERE x=-2
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 5 FROM t2 WHERE x=4
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 6 FROM t2 WHERE y=0
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 7 FROM t2 WHERE y=1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 8 FROM t2 WHERE y=-3
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 9 FROM t2 WHERE y=3
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 10 FROM t2 WHERE y=4
    )
  }
} {10}
do_test tkt1473-4.7 {
  execsql {
    SELECT (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=0
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE x=-1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 3 FROM t2 WHERE x=2
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 4 FROM t2 WHERE x=-2
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 5 FROM t2 WHERE x=4
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 6 FROM t2 WHERE y=0
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 7 FROM t2 WHERE y=1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 8 FROM t2 WHERE y=-3
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 9 FROM t2 WHERE y=3
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 10 FROM t2 WHERE y=-4
    )
  }
} {{}}

do_test tkt1473-5.3 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=0
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE x=1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 3 FROM t2 WHERE x=2
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 4 FROM t2 WHERE x=3
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 5 FROM t2 WHERE x=4
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 6 FROM t2 WHERE y=0
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 7 FROM t2 WHERE y=1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 8 FROM t2 WHERE y=2
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 9 FROM t2 WHERE y=3
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 10 FROM t2 WHERE y=4
    )
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-5.4 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=0
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE x=-1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 3 FROM t2 WHERE x=2
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 4 FROM t2 WHERE x=3
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 5 FROM t2 WHERE x=4
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 6 FROM t2 WHERE y=0
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 7 FROM t2 WHERE y=1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 8 FROM t2 WHERE y=2
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 9 FROM t2 WHERE y=3
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 10 FROM t2 WHERE y=4
    )
  }
} {1}

do_test tkt1473-5.5 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=0
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE x=-1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 3 FROM t2 WHERE x=2
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 4 FROM t2 WHERE x=-1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 5 FROM t2 WHERE x=4
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 6 FROM t2 WHERE y=0
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 7 FROM t2 WHERE y=1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 8 FROM t2 WHERE y=2
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 9 FROM t2 WHERE y=3
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 10 FROM t2 WHERE y=-4
    )
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-5.6 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=0
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE x=-1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 3 FROM t2 WHERE x=2
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 4 FROM t2 WHERE x=-2
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 5 FROM t2 WHERE x=4
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 6 FROM t2 WHERE y=0
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 7 FROM t2 WHERE y=1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 8 FROM t2 WHERE y=-3
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 9 FROM t2 WHERE y=3
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 10 FROM t2 WHERE y=4
    )
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-5.7 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=0
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE x=-1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 3 FROM t2 WHERE x=2
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 4 FROM t2 WHERE x=-2
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 5 FROM t2 WHERE x=4
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 6 FROM t2 WHERE y=0
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 7 FROM t2 WHERE y=1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 8 FROM t2 WHERE y=-3
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 9 FROM t2 WHERE y=3
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 10 FROM t2 WHERE y=-4
    )
  }
} {0}

do_test tkt1473-6.3 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=0
      UNION
      SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE x=1
      UNION
      SELECT 3 FROM t2 WHERE x=2
      UNION
      SELECT 4 FROM t2 WHERE x=3
      UNION
      SELECT 5 FROM t2 WHERE x=4
      UNION
      SELECT 6 FROM t2 WHERE y=0
      UNION
      SELECT 7 FROM t2 WHERE y=1
      UNION
      SELECT 8 FROM t2 WHERE y=2
      UNION
      SELECT 9 FROM t2 WHERE y=3
      UNION
      SELECT 10 FROM t2 WHERE y=4
    )
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-6.4 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=0
      UNION
      SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE x=-1
      UNION
      SELECT 3 FROM t2 WHERE x=2
      UNION
      SELECT 4 FROM t2 WHERE x=3
      UNION
      SELECT 5 FROM t2 WHERE x=4
      UNION
      SELECT 6 FROM t2 WHERE y=0
      UNION
      SELECT 7 FROM t2 WHERE y=1
      UNION
      SELECT 8 FROM t2 WHERE y=2
      UNION
      SELECT 9 FROM t2 WHERE y=3
      UNION
      SELECT 10 FROM t2 WHERE y=4
    )
  }
} {1}

do_test tkt1473-6.5 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=0
      UNION
      SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE x=-1
      UNION
      SELECT 3 FROM t2 WHERE x=2
      UNION
      SELECT 4 FROM t2 WHERE x=-1
      UNION
      SELECT 5 FROM t2 WHERE x=4
      UNION
      SELECT 6 FROM t2 WHERE y=0
      UNION
      SELECT 7 FROM t2 WHERE y=1
      UNION
      SELECT 8 FROM t2 WHERE y=2
      UNION
      SELECT 9 FROM t2 WHERE y=3
      UNION
      SELECT 10 FROM t2 WHERE y=-4
    )
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-6.6 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=0
      UNION
      SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE x=-1
      UNION
      SELECT 3 FROM t2 WHERE x=2
      UNION
      SELECT 4 FROM t2 WHERE x=-2
      UNION
      SELECT 5 FROM t2 WHERE x=4
      UNION
      SELECT 6 FROM t2 WHERE y=0
      UNION
      SELECT 7 FROM t2 WHERE y=1
      UNION
      SELECT 8 FROM t2 WHERE y=-3
      UNION
      SELECT 9 FROM t2 WHERE y=3
      UNION
      SELECT 10 FROM t2 WHERE y=4
    )
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-6.7 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=0
      UNION
      SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE x=-1
      UNION
      SELECT 3 FROM t2 WHERE x=2
      UNION
      SELECT 4 FROM t2 WHERE x=-2
      UNION
      SELECT 5 FROM t2 WHERE x=4
      UNION
      SELECT 6 FROM t2 WHERE y=0
      UNION
      SELECT 7 FROM t2 WHERE y=1
      UNION
      SELECT 8 FROM t2 WHERE y=-3
      UNION
      SELECT 9 FROM t2 WHERE y=3
      UNION
      SELECT 10 FROM t2 WHERE y=-4
    )
  }
} {0}
do_test tkt1473-6.8 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=0
      UNION
      SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE x=-1
      UNION
      SELECT 3 FROM t2 WHERE x=2
      UNION
      SELECT 4 FROM t2 WHERE x=-2
      UNION
      SELECT 5 FROM t2 WHERE x=4
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 6 FROM t2 WHERE y=0
      UNION
      SELECT 7 FROM t2 WHERE y=1
      UNION
      SELECT 8 FROM t2 WHERE y=-3
      UNION
      SELECT 9 FROM t2 WHERE y=3
      UNION
      SELECT 10 FROM t2 WHERE y=4
    )
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-6.9 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=0
      UNION
      SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE x=-1
      UNION
      SELECT 3 FROM t2 WHERE x=2
      UNION
      SELECT 4 FROM t2 WHERE x=-2
      UNION
      SELECT 5 FROM t2 WHERE x=4
      UNION ALL
      SELECT 6 FROM t2 WHERE y=0
      UNION
      SELECT 7 FROM t2 WHERE y=1
      UNION
      SELECT 8 FROM t2 WHERE y=-3
      UNION
      SELECT 9 FROM t2 WHERE y=3
      UNION
      SELECT 10 FROM t2 WHERE y=-4
    )
  }
} {0}

do_test tkt1473-7.1 {
  execsql {
    SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=1 EXCEPT SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE y=2
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-7.2 {
  execsql {
    SELECT (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=1 EXCEPT SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE y=2
    )
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-7.3 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=1 EXCEPT SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE y=2
    )
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-7.4 {
  execsql {
    SELECT (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=0 EXCEPT SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE y=2
    )
  }
} {{}}
do_test tkt1473-7.5 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=0 EXCEPT SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE y=2
    )
  }
} {0}

do_test tkt1473-8.1 {
  execsql {
    SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=1 INTERSECT SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE y=2
  }
} {}
do_test tkt1473-8.1 {
  execsql {
    SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=1 INTERSECT SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE y=2
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-8.3 {
  execsql {
    SELECT (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=1 INTERSECT SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE y=2
    )
  }
} {{}}
do_test tkt1473-8.4 {
  execsql {
    SELECT (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=1 INTERSECT SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE y=2
    )
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-8.5 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=1 INTERSECT SELECT 2 FROM t2 WHERE y=2
    )
  }
} {0}
do_test tkt1473-8.6 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=1 INTERSECT SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE y=2
    )
  }
} {1}
do_test tkt1473-8.7 {
  execsql {
    SELECT (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=0 INTERSECT SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE y=2
    )
  }
} {{}}
do_test tkt1473-8.8 {
  execsql {
    SELECT EXISTS (
      SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE x=1 INTERSECT SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE y=0
    )
  }
} {0}




finish_test

#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
#
#***********************************************************************
# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
# focus of this file is testing the use of indices in WHERE clases.
#
# $Id: where.test,v 1.36 2005/09/08 10:37:02 drh Exp $

set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
source $testdir/tester.tcl

# Build some test data
#
do_test where-1.0 {
................................................................................
    SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE 0
  }
} {0}
do_test where-4.2 {
  count {
    SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE 1 LIMIT 1
  }
} {1 0 4 1}
do_test where-4.3 {
  execsql {
    SELECT 99 WHERE 0
  }
} {}
do_test where-4.4 {
  execsql {

#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
#
#***********************************************************************
# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
# focus of this file is testing the use of indices in WHERE clases.
#
# $Id: where.test,v 1.37 2005/10/06 16:53:17 drh Exp $

set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
source $testdir/tester.tcl

# Build some test data
#
do_test where-1.0 {
................................................................................
    SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE 0
  }
} {0}
do_test where-4.2 {
  count {
    SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE 1 LIMIT 1
  }
} {1 0 4 0}
do_test where-4.3 {
  execsql {
    SELECT 99 WHERE 0
  }
} {}
do_test where-4.4 {
  execsql {