** on how SQLite interfaces are suppose to operate.
**
** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
** part of the build process.
**
** @(#) $Id: sqlite.h.in,v 1.372 2008/07/16 13:29:51 drh Exp $
*/
#ifndef _SQLITE3_H_
#define _SQLITE3_H_
#include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */

/*
** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
................................................................................
# undef SQLITE_VERSION
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
# undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
#endif

/*
** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers {F10010}
**
** The SQLITE_VERSION and SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER #defines in
** the sqlite3.h file specify the version of SQLite with which
** that header file is associated.
**
** The "version" of SQLite is a string of the form "X.Y.Z".
** The phrase "alpha" or "beta" might be appended after the Z.
................................................................................
** The Z value is the release number and is incremented with
** each release but resets back to 0 whenever Y is incremented.
**
** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()] and [sqlite3_libversion_number()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F10011} The SQLITE_VERSION #define in the sqlite3.h header file shall
**          evaluate to a string literal that is the SQLite version
**          with which the header file is associated.
**
** {F10014} The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER #define shall resolve to an integer
**          with the value (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z) where X, Y, and Z
**          are the major version, minor version, and release number.

*/
#define SQLITE_VERSION         "--VERS--"
#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER  --VERSION-NUMBER--

/*
** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers {F10020}
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version
**
** These features provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION]
** and [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER] #defines in the header, but are associated
** with the library instead of the header file.  Cautious programmers might
** include a check in their application to verify that
** sqlite3_libversion_number() always returns the value
................................................................................
** The sqlite3_libversion() function returns the same information as is
** in the sqlite3_version[] string constant.  The function is provided
** for use in DLLs since DLL users usually do not have direct access to string
** constants within the DLL.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F10021} The [sqlite3_libversion_number()] interface shall return
**          an integer equal to [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].
**
** {F10022} The [sqlite3_version] string constant shall contain
**          the text of the [SQLITE_VERSION] string.
**
** {F10023} The [sqlite3_libversion()] function shall return
**          a pointer to the [sqlite3_version] string constant.
*/
SQLITE_EXTERN const char sqlite3_version[];
const char *sqlite3_libversion(void);
int sqlite3_libversion_number(void);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe {F10100}
**
** SQLite can be compiled with or without mutexes.  When
** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] C preprocessor macro is true, mutexes
** are enabled and SQLite is threadsafe.  When that macro is false,
** the mutexes are omitted.  Without the mutexes, it is not safe
** to use SQLite concurrently from more than one thread.
**
................................................................................
** with the verbs [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD],
** or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX].  The return value of this function shows
** only the default compile-time setting, not any run-time changes
** to that setting.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F10101} The [sqlite3_threadsafe()] function shall return nonzero if
**          SQLite was compiled with the its mutexes enabled by default
**          or zero if SQLite was compiled such that mutexes are
**          permanently disabled.
**
** {F10102} The value returned by the [sqlite3_threadsafe()] function
**          shall not change when mutex setting are modified at
**          runtime using the [sqlite3_config()] interface and 
**          especially the [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD],
**          [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED],
**          and [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] verbs.
*/
int sqlite3_threadsafe(void);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle {F12000}
** KEYWORDS: {database connection} {database connections}
**
** Each open SQLite database is represented by a pointer to an instance of
** the opaque structure named "sqlite3".  It is useful to think of an sqlite3
** pointer as an object.  The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors, and [sqlite3_close()]
** is its destructor.  There are many other interfaces (such as
................................................................................
** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and
** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on an
** sqlite3 object.
*/
typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3;

/*
** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types {F10200}
** KEYWORDS: sqlite_int64 sqlite_uint64
**
** Because there is no cross-platform way to specify 64-bit integer types
** SQLite includes typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers.
**
** The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite3_uint64 are the preferred type definitions.
** The sqlite_int64 and sqlite_uint64 types are supported for backwards
** compatibility only.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F10201} The [sqlite_int64] and [sqlite3_int64] type shall specify
**          a 64-bit signed integer.
**
** {F10202} The [sqlite_uint64] and [sqlite3_uint64] type shall specify
**          a 64-bit unsigned integer.
*/
#ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE
  typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64;
  typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
#elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
  typedef __int64 sqlite_int64;
................................................................................
** substitute integer for floating-point.
*/
#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
# define double sqlite3_int64
#endif

/*
** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection {F12010}
**
** This routine is the destructor for the [sqlite3] object.
**
** Applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all [prepared statements]
** and [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [BLOB handles] associated with
** the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object.
** The [sqlite3_next_stmt()] interface can be used to locate all
................................................................................
** </pre></blockquote>
**
** If [sqlite3_close()] is invoked while a transaction is open,
** the transaction is automatically rolled back.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F12011} A successful call to [sqlite3_close(C)] shall destroy the
**          [database connection] object C.
**
** {F12012} A successful call to [sqlite3_close(C)] shall return SQLITE_OK.
**
** {F12013} A successful call to [sqlite3_close(C)] shall release all
**          memory and system resources associated with [database connection]
**          C.
**
** {F12014} A call to [sqlite3_close(C)] on a [database connection] C that
**          has one or more open [prepared statements] shall fail with
**          an [SQLITE_BUSY] error code.
**
** {F12015} A call to [sqlite3_close(C)] where C is a NULL pointer shall
**          return SQLITE_OK.
**
** {F12019} When [sqlite3_close(C)] is invoked on a [database connection] C
**          that has a pending transaction, the transaction shall be
**          rolled back.
**
** LIMITATIONS:
**
** {A12016} The C parameter to [sqlite3_close(C)] must be either a NULL
**          pointer or an [sqlite3] object pointer previously obtained
**          from [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or
**          [sqlite3_open_v2()], and not previously closed.
*/
int sqlite3_close(sqlite3 *);
................................................................................
** The type for a callback function.
** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
** compatibility and is not documented.
*/
typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);

/*
** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface {F12100}
**
** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenient way of running one or more
** SQL statements without having to write a lot of C code.  The UTF-8 encoded
** SQL statements are passed in as the second parameter to sqlite3_exec().
** The statements are evaluated one by one until either an error or
** an interrupt is encountered, or until they are all done.  The 3rd parameter
** is an optional callback that is invoked once for each row of any query
................................................................................
** The sqlite3_exec() interface is implemented in terms of
** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()].
** The sqlite3_exec() routine does nothing to the database that cannot be done
** by [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F12101} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)]
**          shall sequentially evaluate all of the UTF-8 encoded,
**          semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated
**          string S within the context of the [database connection] D.
**
** {F12102} If the S parameter to [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)] is NULL then
**          the actions of the interface shall be the same as if the
**          S parameter were an empty string.
**
** {F12104} The return value of [sqlite3_exec()] shall be [SQLITE_OK] if all
**          SQL statements run successfully and to completion.
**
** {F12105} The return value of [sqlite3_exec()] shall be an appropriate
**          non-zero [error code] if any SQL statement fails.
**
** {F12107} If one or more of the SQL statements handed to [sqlite3_exec()]
**          return results and the 3rd parameter is not NULL, then
**          the callback function specified by the 3rd parameter shall be
**          invoked once for each row of result.
**
** {F12110} If the callback returns a non-zero value then [sqlite3_exec()]
**          shall abort the SQL statement it is currently evaluating,
**          skip all subsequent SQL statements, and return [SQLITE_ABORT].
**
** {F12113} The [sqlite3_exec()] routine shall pass its 4th parameter through
**          as the 1st parameter of the callback.
**
** {F12116} The [sqlite3_exec()] routine shall set the 2nd parameter of its
**          callback to be the number of columns in the current row of
**          result.
**
** {F12119} The [sqlite3_exec()] routine shall set the 3rd parameter of its
**          callback to be an array of pointers to strings holding the
**          values for each column in the current result set row as
**          obtained from [sqlite3_column_text()].
**
** {F12122} The [sqlite3_exec()] routine shall set the 4th parameter of its
**          callback to be an array of pointers to strings holding the
**          names of result columns as obtained from [sqlite3_column_name()].
**
** {F12125} If the 3rd parameter to [sqlite3_exec()] is NULL then
**          [sqlite3_exec()] shall silently discard query results.
**
** {F12131} If an error occurs while parsing or evaluating any of the SQL
**          statements in the S parameter of [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)] and if
**          the E parameter is not NULL, then [sqlite3_exec()] shall store
**          in *E an appropriate error message written into memory obtained
**          from [sqlite3_malloc()].
**
** {F12134} The [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)] routine shall set the value of
**          *E to NULL if E is not NULL and there are no errors.
**
** {F12137} The [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)] function shall set the [error code]
**          and message accessible via [sqlite3_errcode()],
**          [sqlite3_errmsg()], and [sqlite3_errmsg16()].
**
** {F12138} If the S parameter to [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)] is NULL or an
**          empty string or contains nothing other than whitespace, comments,
**          and/or semicolons, then results of [sqlite3_errcode()],
**          [sqlite3_errmsg()], and [sqlite3_errmsg16()]
**          shall reset to indicate no errors.
**
** LIMITATIONS:
**
** {A12141} The first parameter to [sqlite3_exec()] must be an valid and open
**          [database connection].
**
** {A12142} The database connection must not be closed while
**          [sqlite3_exec()] is running.
**
................................................................................
  const char *sql,                           /* SQL to be evaluated */
  int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**),  /* Callback function */
  void *,                                    /* 1st argument to callback */
  char **errmsg                              /* Error msg written here */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Result Codes {F10210}
** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_OK {error code} {error codes}
** KEYWORDS: {result code} {result codes}
**
** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown
** here in order to indicates success or failure.
**
** New error codes may be added in future versions of SQLite.
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_RANGE       25   /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */
#define SQLITE_NOTADB      26   /* File opened that is not a database file */
#define SQLITE_ROW         100  /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */
#define SQLITE_DONE        101  /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */
/* end-of-error-codes */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes {F10220}
** KEYWORDS: {extended error code} {extended error codes}
** KEYWORDS: {extended result code} {extended result codes}
**
** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 26 integer
** [SQLITE_OK | result codes].  However, experience has shown that many of
** these result codes are too coarse-grained.  They do not provide as
** much information about problems as programmers might like.  In an effort to
................................................................................
** to see new result codes in future releases of SQLite.
**
** The SQLITE_OK result code will never be extended.  It will always
** be exactly zero.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F10223} The symbolic name for an extended result code shall contains
**          a related primary result code as a prefix.
**
** {F10224} Primary result code names shall contain a single "_" character.
**
** {F10225} Extended result code names shall contain two or more "_" characters.
**
** {F10226} The numeric value of an extended result code shall contain the
**          numeric value of its corresponding primary result code in
**          its least significant 8 bits.
*/
#define SQLITE_IOERR_READ              (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ        (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC             (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8))
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE            (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED           (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM             (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS            (SQLITE_IOERR | (13<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (14<<8))

/*
** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations {F10230}
**
** These bit values are intended for use in the
** 3rd parameter to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and
** in the 4th parameter to the xOpen method of the
** [sqlite3_vfs] object.
*/
#define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY         0x00000001
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL     0x00000800
#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL     0x00001000
#define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL       0x00002000
#define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL   0x00004000
#define SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX          0x00008000

/*
** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics {F10240}
**
** The xDeviceCapabilities method of the [sqlite3_io_methods]
** object returns an integer which is a vector of the these
** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage
** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods]
** refers to.
**
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K       0x00000040
#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K       0x00000080
#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K       0x00000100
#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND     0x00000200
#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL      0x00000400

/*
** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels {F10250}
**
** SQLite uses one of these integer values as the second
** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods
** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object.
*/
#define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE          0
#define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED        1
#define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED      2
#define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING       3
#define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE     4

/*
** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags {F10260}
**
** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an
** [sqlite3_io_methods] object it uses a combination of
** these integer values as the second argument.
**
** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the
** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage.  Inode
................................................................................
** to use Mac OS-X style fullsync instead of fsync().
*/
#define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL        0x00002
#define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL          0x00003
#define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY      0x00010

/*
** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle {F11110}
**
** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the OS
** interface layer.  Individual OS interface implementations will
** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields
** for their own use.  The pMethods entry is a pointer to an
** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing
** I/O operations on the open file.
................................................................................
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file;
struct sqlite3_file {
  const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods;  /* Methods for an open file */
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object {F11120}
**
** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs] xOpen method populates an
** [sqlite3_file] object (or, more commonly, a subclass of the
** [sqlite3_file] object) with a pointer to an instance of this object.
** This object defines the methods used to perform various operations
** against the open file represented by the [sqlite3_file] object.
**
................................................................................
  int (*xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
  int (*xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*);
  int (*xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*);
  /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes {F11310}
**
** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method
** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and for the [sqlite3_file_control()]
** interface.
**
** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
** opcode causes the xFileControl method to write the current state of
................................................................................
** into an integer that the pArg argument points to. This capability
** is used during testing and only needs to be supported when SQLITE_TEST
** is defined.
*/
#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE        1

/*
** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle {F17110}
**
** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an
** abstract type for a mutex object.  The SQLite core never looks
** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex].  It only
** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object.
**
** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()].
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex;

/*
** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object {F11140}
**
** An instance of the sqlite3_vfs object defines the interface between
** the SQLite core and the underlying operating system.  The "vfs"
** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system".
**
** The value of the iVersion field is initially 1 but may be larger in
** future versions of SQLite.  Additional fields may be appended to this
................................................................................
** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex.
** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs
** object once the object has been registered.
**
** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module.  The name must
** be unique across all VFS modules.
**
** {F11141} SQLite will guarantee that the zFilename parameter to xOpen
** is either a NULL pointer or string obtained
** from xFullPathname().  SQLite further guarantees that
** the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is
** called. {END}  Becasue of the previous sentense, 
** the [sqlite3_file] can safely store a pointer to the
** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason.
** If the zFilename parameter is xOpen is a NULL pointer then xOpen
** must invite its own temporary name for the file.  Whenever the 
** xFilename parameter is NULL it will also be the case that the
** flags parameter will include [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE].
**
** {F11142} The flags argument to xOpen() includes all bits set in
** the flags argument to [sqlite3_open_v2()].  Or if [sqlite3_open()]
** or [sqlite3_open16()] is used, then flags includes at least
** [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]. {END}
** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to
** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY].  Other bits in *pOutFlags may be set.
**
** {F11143} SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen()
** call, depending on the object being opened:
**
** <ul>
** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB]
** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL]
** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB]
** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL]
................................................................................
** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen method:
**
** <ul>
** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]
** </ul>
**
** {F11145} The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be
** deleted when it is closed.  {F11146} The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
** will be set for TEMP  databases, journals and for subjournals.
**
** {F11147} The [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag means the file should be opened
** for exclusive access.  This flag is set for all files except
** for the main database file.
**
** {F11148} At least szOsFile bytes of memory are allocated by SQLite
** to hold the  [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third
** argument to xOpen. {END}  The xOpen method does not have to
** allocate the structure; it should just fill it in.
**
** {F11149} The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS]
** to test for the existence of a file, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to
** test whether a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ]
** to test whether a file is at least readable. {END}  The file can be a
** directory.
**
** {F11150} SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 bytes for the
** output buffer xFullPathname. {F11151} The exact size of the output buffer
** is also passed as a parameter to both  methods. {END}  If the output buffer
** is not large enough, [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] should be returned. Since this is
** handled as a fatal error by SQLite, vfs implementations should endeavor
** to prevent this by setting mxPathname to a sufficiently large value.
**
** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), and xCurrentTime() interfaces
** are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are
................................................................................
  int (*xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
  int (*xGetLastError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char *);
  /* New fields may be appended in figure versions.  The iVersion
  ** value will increment whenever this happens. */
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method {F11190}
**
** {F11191} These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to
** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object. {END}  They determine
** what kind of permissions the xAccess method is looking for.
** {F11192} With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method
** simply checks whether the file exists.
** {F11193} With SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, the xAccess method
** checks whether the file is both readable and writable.
** {F11194} With SQLITE_ACCESS_READ, the xAccess method
** checks whether the file is readable.
*/
#define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS    0
#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1
#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ      2

/*
** CAPI3REF: Initialize The SQLite Library {F10130}
**
** The sqlite3_initialize() routine initializes the
** SQLite library.  The sqlite3_shutdown() routine
** deallocates any resources that were allocated by sqlite3_initialize().
**
** A call to sqlite3_initialize() is an "effective" call if it is
** the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked during the lifetime of
................................................................................
*/
int sqlite3_initialize(void);
int sqlite3_shutdown(void);
int sqlite3_os_init(void);
int sqlite3_os_end(void);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Configuring The SQLite Library {F10145}
**
** The sqlite3_config() interface is used to make global configuration
** changes to SQLite in order to tune SQLite to the specific needs of
** the application.  The default configuration is recommended for most
** applications and so this routine is usually not necessary.  It is
** provided to support rare applications with unusual needs.
**
................................................................................
** The sqlite3_config() interface is considered experimental in that
** new configuration options may be added in future releases and existing
** configuration options may be discontinued or modified.
*/
int sqlite3_config(int, ...);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Routines {F10155}
**
** An instance of this object defines the interface between SQLite
** and low-level memory allocation routines.
**
** This object is used in only one place in the SQLite interface.
** A pointer to an instance of this object is the argument to
** [sqlite3_config()] when the configuration option is
................................................................................
  int (*xRoundup)(int);          /* Round up request size to allocation size */
  int (*xInit)(void*);           /* Initialize the memory allocator */
  void (*xShutdown)(void*);      /* Deinitialize the memory allocator */
  void *pAppData;                /* Argument to xInit() and xShutdown() */
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options {F10160}
**
** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
** can be passed as the first argument to the [sqlite3_config()] interface.
**
** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
** should check the return code from [sqlite3_config()] to make sure that
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP          8  /* void*, int nByte, int min */
#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS     9  /* boolean */
#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX        10  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX     11  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */


/*
** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes {F12200}
**
** The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. The extended result
** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility considerations.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F12201} Each new [database connection] shall have the
**          [extended result codes] feature disabled by default.
**
** {F12202} The [sqlite3_extended_result_codes(D,F)] interface shall enable
**          [extended result codes] for the  [database connection] D
**          if the F parameter is true, or disable them if F is false.
*/
int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid {F12220}
**
** Each entry in an SQLite table has a unique 64-bit signed
** integer key called the "rowid". The rowid is always available
** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those
** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. If
** the table has a column of type INTEGER PRIMARY KEY then that column
** is another alias for the rowid.
................................................................................
** the return value of this interface.
**
** For the purposes of this routine, an INSERT is considered to
** be successful even if it is subsequently rolled back.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F12221} The [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] function returns the rowid
**          of the most recent successful INSERT performed on the same
**          [database connection] and within the same or higher level
**          trigger context, or zero if there have been no qualifying inserts.
**
** {F12223} The [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] function returns the
**          same value when called from the same trigger context
**          immediately before and after a ROLLBACK.
**
** LIMITATIONS:
**
** {A12232} If a separate thread performs a new INSERT on the same
**          database connection while the [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()]
**          function is running and thus changes the last insert rowid,
**          then the value returned by [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] is
**          unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new
**          last insert rowid.
*/
sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified {F12240}
**
** This function returns the number of database rows that were changed
** or inserted or deleted by the most recently completed SQL statement
** on the [database connection] specified by the first parameter.
** Only changes that are directly specified by the INSERT, UPDATE,
** or DELETE statement are counted.  Auxiliary changes caused by
** triggers are not counted. Use the [sqlite3_total_changes()] function
................................................................................
** will not be counted by the sqlite3_changes() or [sqlite3_total_changes()]
** functions, regardless of the number of elements that were originally
** in the table.  To get an accurate count of the number of rows deleted, use
** "DELETE FROM table WHERE 1" instead.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F12241} The [sqlite3_changes()] function shall return the number of
**          row changes caused by the most recent INSERT, UPDATE,
**          or DELETE statement on the same database connection and
**          within the same or higher trigger context, or zero if there have
**          not been any qualifying row changes.
**
** {F12243} Statements of the form "DELETE FROM tablename" with no
**          WHERE clause shall cause subsequent calls to
**          [sqlite3_changes()] to return zero, regardless of the
**          number of rows originally in the table.
**
** LIMITATIONS:
**
** {A12252} If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
**          while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned
**          is unpredictable and not meaningful.
*/
int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified {F12260}
**
** This function returns the number of row changes caused by INSERT,
** UPDATE or DELETE statements since the [database connection] was opened.
** The count includes all changes from all trigger contexts.  However,
** the count does not include changes used to implement REPLACE constraints,
** do rollbacks or ABORT processing, or DROP table processing.
** The changes are counted as soon as the statement that makes them is
................................................................................
** in the table.  To get an accurate count of the number of rows deleted, use
** "DELETE FROM table WHERE 1" instead.
**
** See also the [sqlite3_changes()] interface.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F12261} The [sqlite3_total_changes()] returns the total number
**          of row changes caused by INSERT, UPDATE, and/or DELETE
**          statements on the same [database connection], in any
**          trigger context, since the database connection was created.
**
** {F12263} Statements of the form "DELETE FROM tablename" with no
**          WHERE clause shall not change the value returned
**          by [sqlite3_total_changes()].
**
** LIMITATIONS:
**
** {A12264} If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
**          while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value
**          returned is unpredictable and not meaningful.
*/
int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query {F12270}
**
** This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically
** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
** immediately.
**
................................................................................
** will be rolled back automatically.
**
** A call to sqlite3_interrupt() has no effect on SQL statements
** that are started after sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F12271} The [sqlite3_interrupt()] interface will force all running
**          SQL statements associated with the same database connection
**          to halt after processing at most one additional row of data.
**
** {F12272} Any SQL statement that is interrupted by [sqlite3_interrupt()]
**          will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].
**
** LIMITATIONS:
**
** {A12279} If the database connection closes while [sqlite3_interrupt()]
**          is running then bad things will likely happen.
*/
void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete {F10510}
**
** These routines are useful for command-line input to determine if the
** currently entered text seems to form complete a SQL statement or
** if additional input is needed before sending the text into
** SQLite for parsing.  These routines return true if the input string
** appears to be a complete SQL statement.  A statement is judged to be
** complete if it ends with a semicolon token and is not a fragment of a
................................................................................
** embedded) and thus do not count as a statement terminator.
**
** These routines do not parse the SQL statements thus
** will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F10511} A successful evaluation of [sqlite3_complete()] or
**          [sqlite3_complete16()] functions shall
**          return a numeric 1 if and only if the last non-whitespace
**          token in their input is a semicolon that is not in between
**          the BEGIN and END of a CREATE TRIGGER statement.
**
** {F10512} If a memory allocation error occurs during an invocation
**          of [sqlite3_complete()] or [sqlite3_complete16()] then the
**          routine shall return [SQLITE_NOMEM].
**
** LIMITATIONS:
**
** {A10512} The input to [sqlite3_complete()] must be a zero-terminated
**          UTF-8 string.
**
** {A10513} The input to [sqlite3_complete16()] must be a zero-terminated
**          UTF-16 string in native byte order.
*/
int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors {F12310}
**
** This routine sets a callback function that might be invoked whenever
** an attempt is made to open a database table that another thread
** or process has locked.
**
** If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED]
** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock. If the busy callback
................................................................................
** There can only be a single busy handler defined for each
** [database connection].  Setting a new busy handler clears any
** previously set handler.  Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()]
** will also set or clear the busy handler.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F12311} The [sqlite3_busy_handler(D,C,A)] function shall replace
**          busy callback in the [database connection] D with a new
**          a new busy handler C and application data pointer A.
**
** {F12312} Newly created [database connections] shall have a busy
**          handler of NULL.
**
** {F12314} When two or more [database connections] share a
**          [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache | common cache],
**          the busy handler for the database connection currently using
**          the cache shall be invoked when the cache encounters a lock.
**
** {F12316} If a busy handler callback returns zero, then the SQLite interface
**          that provoked the locking event shall return [SQLITE_BUSY].
**
** {F12318} SQLite shall invokes the busy handler with two arguments which
**          are a copy of the pointer supplied by the 3rd parameter to
**          [sqlite3_busy_handler()] and a count of the number of prior
**          invocations of the busy handler for the same locking event.
**
** LIMITATIONS:
**
** {A12319} A busy handler must not close the database connection
**          or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler.
*/
int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*,int), void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout {F12340}
**
** This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps
** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked.  The handler
** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping
** have accumulated. {F12343} After "ms" milliseconds of sleeping,
** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return
** [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED].
**
** Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero
** turns off all busy handlers.
**
** There can only be a single busy handler for a particular
** [database connection] any any given moment.  If another busy handler
** was defined  (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling
** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F12341} The [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] function shall override any prior
**          [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] or [sqlite3_busy_handler()] setting
**          on the same [database connection].
**
** {F12343} If the 2nd parameter to [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] is less than
**          or equal to zero, then the busy handler shall be cleared so that
**          all subsequent locking events immediately return [SQLITE_BUSY].
**
** {F12344} If the 2nd parameter to [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] is a positive
**          number N, then a busy handler shall be set that repeatedly calls
**          the xSleep() method in the [sqlite3_vfs | VFS interface] until
**          either the lock clears or until the cumulative sleep time
**          reported back by xSleep() exceeds N milliseconds.
*/
int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries {F12370}
**
** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is memory data structure created by the
** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface.  A result table records the
** complete query results from one or more queries.
**
** The table conceptually has a number of rows and columns.  But
** these numbers are not part of the result table itself.  These
................................................................................
** to any internal data structures of SQLite.  It uses only the public
** interface defined here.  As a consequence, errors that occur in the
** wrapper layer outside of the internal [sqlite3_exec()] call are not
** reflected in subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] or [sqlite3_errmsg()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F12371} If a [sqlite3_get_table()] fails a memory allocation, then
**          it shall free the result table under construction, abort the
**          query in process, skip any subsequent queries, set the
**          *pazResult output pointer to NULL and return [SQLITE_NOMEM].
**
** {F12373} If the pnColumn parameter to [sqlite3_get_table()] is not NULL
**          then a successful invocation of [sqlite3_get_table()] shall
**          write the number of columns in the
**          result set of the query into *pnColumn.
**
** {F12374} If the pnRow parameter to [sqlite3_get_table()] is not NULL
**          then a successful invocation of [sqlite3_get_table()] shall
**          writes the number of rows in the
**          result set of the query into *pnRow.
**
** {F12376} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_get_table()] that computes
**          N rows of result with C columns per row shall make *pazResult
**          point to an array of pointers to (N+1)*C strings where the first
**          C strings are column names as obtained from
**          [sqlite3_column_name()] and the rest are column result values
**          obtained from [sqlite3_column_text()].
**
** {F12379} The values in the pazResult array returned by [sqlite3_get_table()]
**          shall remain valid until cleared by [sqlite3_free_table()].
**
** {F12382} When an error occurs during evaluation of [sqlite3_get_table()]
**          the function shall set *pazResult to NULL, write an error message
**          into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()], make
**          **pzErrmsg point to that error message, and return a
**          appropriate [error code].
*/
int sqlite3_get_table(
  sqlite3 *db,          /* An open database */
................................................................................
  int *pnRow,           /* Number of result rows written here */
  int *pnColumn,        /* Number of result columns written here */
  char **pzErrmsg       /* Error msg written here */
);
void sqlite3_free_table(char **result);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions {F17400}
**
** These routines are workalikes of the "printf()" family of functions
** from the standard C library.
**
** The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their
** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].
** The strings returned by these two routines should be
................................................................................
**
** The "%z" formatting option works exactly like "%s" with the
** addition that after the string has been read and copied into
** the result, [sqlite3_free()] is called on the input string. {END}
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F17403}  The [sqlite3_mprintf()] and [sqlite3_vmprintf()] interfaces
**           return either pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings held in
**           memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()] or NULL pointers if
**           a call to [sqlite3_malloc()] fails.
**
** {F17406}  The [sqlite3_snprintf()] interface writes a zero-terminated
**           UTF-8 string into the buffer pointed to by the second parameter
**           provided that the first parameter is greater than zero.
**
** {F17407}  The [sqlite3_snprintf()] interface does not write slots of
**           its output buffer (the second parameter) outside the range
**           of 0 through N-1 (where N is the first parameter)
**           regardless of the length of the string
**           requested by the format specification.
*/
char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...);
char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list);
char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem {F17300}
**
** The SQLite core  uses these three routines for all of its own
** internal memory allocation needs. "Core" in the previous sentence
** does not include operating-system specific VFS implementation.  The
** Windows VFS uses native malloc() and free() for some operations.
**
** The sqlite3_malloc() routine returns a pointer to a block
................................................................................
** is not freed.
**
** The memory returned by sqlite3_malloc() and sqlite3_realloc()
** is always aligned to at least an 8 byte boundary. {END}
**
** The default implementation of the memory allocation subsystem uses
** the malloc(), realloc() and free() provided by the standard C library.
** {F17382} However, if SQLite is compiled with the
** SQLITE_MEMORY_SIZE=<i>NNN</i> C preprocessor macro (where <i>NNN</i>
** is an integer), then SQLite create a static array of at least
** <i>NNN</i> bytes in size and uses that array for all of its dynamic
** memory allocation needs. {END}  Additional memory allocator options
** may be added in future releases.
**
** In SQLite version 3.5.0 and 3.5.1, it was possible to define
................................................................................
** and whatever filename encoding is used by the particular Windows
** installation.  Memory allocation errors are detected, but
** they are reported back as [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] or
** [SQLITE_IOERR] rather than [SQLITE_NOMEM].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F17303}  The [sqlite3_malloc(N)] interface returns either a pointer to
**           a newly checked-out block of at least N bytes of memory
**           that is 8-byte aligned, or it returns NULL if it is unable
**           to fulfill the request.
**
** {F17304}  The [sqlite3_malloc(N)] interface returns a NULL pointer if
**           N is less than or equal to zero.
**
** {F17305}  The [sqlite3_free(P)] interface releases memory previously
**           returned from [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()],
**           making it available for reuse.
**
** {F17306}  A call to [sqlite3_free(NULL)] is a harmless no-op.
**
** {F17310}  A call to [sqlite3_realloc(0,N)] is equivalent to a call
**           to [sqlite3_malloc(N)].
**
** {F17312}  A call to [sqlite3_realloc(P,0)] is equivalent to a call
**           to [sqlite3_free(P)].
**
** {F17315}  The SQLite core uses [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_realloc()],
**           and [sqlite3_free()] for all of its memory allocation and
**           deallocation needs.
**
** {F17318}  The [sqlite3_realloc(P,N)] interface returns either a pointer
**           to a block of checked-out memory of at least N bytes in size
**           that is 8-byte aligned, or a NULL pointer.
**
** {F17321}  When [sqlite3_realloc(P,N)] returns a non-NULL pointer, it first
**           copies the first K bytes of content from P into the newly
**           allocated block, where K is the lesser of N and the size of
**           the buffer P.
**
** {F17322}  When [sqlite3_realloc(P,N)] returns a non-NULL pointer, it first
**           releases the buffer P.
**
** {F17323}  When [sqlite3_realloc(P,N)] returns NULL, the buffer P is
**           not modified or released.
**
** LIMITATIONS:
**
** {A17350}  The pointer arguments to [sqlite3_free()] and [sqlite3_realloc()]
**           must be either NULL or else pointers obtained from a prior
**           invocation of [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that have
**           not yet been released.
**
** {A17351}  The application must not read or write any part of
................................................................................
**           [sqlite3_free()] or [sqlite3_realloc()].
*/
void *sqlite3_malloc(int);
void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int);
void sqlite3_free(void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics {F17370}
**
** SQLite provides these two interfaces for reporting on the status
** of the [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()]
** routines, which form the built-in memory allocation subsystem.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F17371} The [sqlite3_memory_used()] routine returns the number of bytes
**          of memory currently outstanding (malloced but not freed).
**
** {F17373} The [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] routine returns the maximum
**          value of [sqlite3_memory_used()] since the high-water mark
**          was last reset.
**
** {F17374} The values returned by [sqlite3_memory_used()] and
**          [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] include any overhead
**          added by SQLite in its implementation of [sqlite3_malloc()],
**          but not overhead added by the any underlying system library
**          routines that [sqlite3_malloc()] may call.
**
** {F17375} The memory high-water mark is reset to the current value of
**          [sqlite3_memory_used()] if and only if the parameter to
**          [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] is true.  The value returned
**          by [sqlite3_memory_highwater(1)] is the high-water mark
**          prior to the reset.
*/
sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void);
sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Pseudo-Random Number Generator {F17390}
**
** SQLite contains a high-quality pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) used to
** select random ROWIDs when inserting new records into a table that
** already uses the largest possible ROWID.  The PRNG is also used for
** the build-in random() and randomblob() SQL functions.  This interface allows
** applications to access the same PRNG for other purposes.
**
................................................................................
** from the xRandomness method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
** On all subsequent invocations, the pseudo-randomness is generated
** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness
** method.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F17392} The [sqlite3_randomness(N,P)] interface writes N bytes of
**          high-quality pseudo-randomness into buffer P.
*/
void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks {F12500}
**
** This routine registers a authorizer callback with a particular
** [database connection], supplied in the first argument.
** The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
** [sqlite3_prepare16()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].  At various
** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created
................................................................................
**
** Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during
** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants.  Authorization is not
** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F12501} The [sqlite3_set_authorizer(D,...)] interface registers a
**          authorizer callback with database connection D.
**
** {F12502} The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are
**          being compiled.
**
** {F12503} If the authorizer callback returns any value other than
**          [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY], then
**          the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that caused
**          the authorizer callback to run shall fail with an
**          [SQLITE_ERROR] error code and an appropriate error message.
**
** {F12504} When the authorizer callback returns [SQLITE_OK], the operation
**          described is processed normally.
**
** {F12505} When the authorizer callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
**          [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that caused the
**          authorizer callback to run shall fail
**          with an [SQLITE_ERROR] error code and an error message
**          explaining that access is denied.
**
** {F12506} If the authorizer code (the 2nd parameter to the authorizer
**          callback) is [SQLITE_READ] and the authorizer callback returns
**          [SQLITE_IGNORE], then the prepared statement is constructed to
**          insert a NULL value in place of the table column that would have
**          been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned.
**
** {F12507} If the authorizer code (the 2nd parameter to the authorizer
**          callback) is anything other than [SQLITE_READ], then
**          a return of [SQLITE_IGNORE] has the same effect as [SQLITE_DENY].
**
** {F12510} The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of
**          the third parameter to the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface.
**
** {F12511} The second parameter to the callback is an integer
**          [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies the particular action
**          to be authorized.
**
** {F12512} The third through sixth parameters to the callback are
**          zero-terminated strings that contain
**          additional details about the action to be authorized.
**
** {F12520} Each call to [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] overrides
**          any previously installed authorizer.
**
** {F12521} A NULL authorizer means that no authorization
**          callback is invoked.
**
** {F12522} The default authorizer is NULL.
*/
int sqlite3_set_authorizer(
  sqlite3*,
  int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*),
  void *pUserData
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes {F12590}
**
** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must
** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order
** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted.  See the
** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional
** information.
*/
#define SQLITE_DENY   1   /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */
#define SQLITE_IGNORE 2   /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes {F12550}
**
** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function
** that is invoked to authorize certain SQL statement actions.  The
** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies
** what action is being authorized.  These are the integer action codes that
** the authorizer callback may be passed.
**
................................................................................
** etc.) if applicable.  The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback
** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
** top-level SQL code.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F12551} The second parameter to an
**          [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback] is always an integer
**          [SQLITE_COPY | authorizer code] that specifies what action
**          is being authorized.
**
** {F12552} The 3rd and 4th parameters to the
**          [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorization callback]
**          will be parameters or NULL depending on which
**          [SQLITE_COPY | authorizer code] is used as the second parameter.
**
** {F12553} The 5th parameter to the
**          [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback] is the name
**          of the database (example: "main", "temp", etc.) if applicable.
**
** {F12554} The 6th parameter to the
**          [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback] is the name
**          of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
**          the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
**          top-level SQL code.
*/
/******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/
#define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX          1   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_ANALYZE              28   /* Table Name      NULL            */
#define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE        29   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
#define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE          30   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
#define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* Function Name   NULL            */
#define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions {F12280}
**
** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
**
** The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at
** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()].
** The callback returns a UTF-8 rendering of the SQL statement text
................................................................................
** The trigger reporting feature of the trace callback is considered
** experimental and is subject to change or removal in future releases.
** Future versions of SQLite might also add new trace callback
** invocations.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F12281} The callback function registered by [sqlite3_trace()] is
**          whenever an SQL statement first begins to execute and
**          whenever a trigger subprogram first begins to run.
**
** {F12282} Each call to [sqlite3_trace()] overrides the previously
**          registered trace callback.
**
** {F12283} A NULL trace callback disables tracing.
**
** {F12284} The first argument to the trace callback is a copy of
**          the pointer which was the 3rd argument to [sqlite3_trace()].
**
** {F12285} The second argument to the trace callback is a
**          zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the original text
**          of the SQL statement as it was passed into [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]
**          or the equivalent, or an SQL comment indicating the beginning
**          of a trigger subprogram.
**
** {F12287} The callback function registered by [sqlite3_profile()] is invoked
**          as each SQL statement finishes.
**
** {F12288} The first parameter to the profile callback is a copy of
**          the 3rd parameter to [sqlite3_profile()].
**
** {F12289} The second parameter to the profile callback is a
**          zero-terminated UTF-8 string that contains the complete text of
**          the SQL statement as it was processed by [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]
**          or the equivalent.
**
** {F12290} The third parameter to the profile callback is an estimate
**          of the number of nanoseconds of wall-clock time required to
**          run the SQL statement from start to finish.
*/
void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*, void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
   void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks {F12910}
**
** This routine configures a callback function - the
** progress callback - that is invoked periodically during long
** running calls to [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()] and
** [sqlite3_get_table()].  An example use for this
** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
**
** If the progress callback returns non-zero, the operation is
** interrupted.  This feature can be used to implement a
** "Cancel" button on a GUI dialog box.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F12911} The callback function registered by sqlite3_progress_handler()
**          is invoked periodically during long running calls to
**          [sqlite3_step()].
**
** {F12912} The progress callback is invoked once for every N virtual
**          machine opcodes, where N is the second argument to
**          the [sqlite3_progress_handler()] call that registered
**          the callback.  If N is less than 1, sqlite3_progress_handler()
**          acts as if a NULL progress handler had been specified.
**
** {F12913} The progress callback itself is identified by the third
**          argument to sqlite3_progress_handler().
**
** {F12914} The fourth argument to sqlite3_progress_handler() is a
**          void pointer passed to the progress callback
**          function each time it is invoked.
**
** {F12915} If a call to [sqlite3_step()] results in fewer than N opcodes
**          being executed, then the progress callback is never invoked.
**
** {F12916} Every call to [sqlite3_progress_handler()]
**          overwrites any previously registered progress handler.
**
** {F12917} If the progress handler callback is NULL then no progress
**          handler is invoked.
**
** {F12918} If the progress callback returns a result other than 0, then
**          the behavior is a if [sqlite3_interrupt()] had been called.
*/
void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection {F12700}
**
** These routines open an SQLite database file whose name is given by the
** filename argument. The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for
** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte
** order for sqlite3_open16(). A [database connection] handle is usually
** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs.  The only exception is that
** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object,
................................................................................
** of sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() must be UTF-8, not whatever
** codepage is currently defined.  Filenames containing international
** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into
** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F12701} The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
**          [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces create a new
**          [database connection] associated with
**          the database file given in their first parameter.
**
** {F12702} The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8
**          for [sqlite3_open()] and [sqlite3_open_v2()] and as UTF-16
**          in the native byte order for [sqlite3_open16()].
**
** {F12703} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
**          or [sqlite3_open_v2()] writes a pointer to a new
**          [database connection] into *ppDb.
**
** {F12704} The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
**          [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces return [SQLITE_OK] upon success,
**          or an appropriate [error code] on failure.
**
** {F12706} The default text encoding for a new database created using
**          [sqlite3_open()] or [sqlite3_open_v2()] will be UTF-8.
**
** {F12707} The default text encoding for a new database created using
**          [sqlite3_open16()] will be UTF-16.
**
** {F12709} The [sqlite3_open(F,D)] interface is equivalent to
**          [sqlite3_open_v2(F,D,G,0)] where the G parameter is
**          [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]|[SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE].
**
** {F12711} If the G parameter to [sqlite3_open_v2(F,D,G,V)] contains the
**          bit value [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] then the database is opened
**          for reading only.
**
** {F12712} If the G parameter to [sqlite3_open_v2(F,D,G,V)] contains the
**          bit value [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] then the database is opened
**          reading and writing if possible, or for reading only if the
**          file is write protected by the operating system.
**
** {F12713} If the G parameter to [sqlite3_open(v2(F,D,G,V)] omits the
**          bit value [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] and the database does not
**          previously exist, an error is returned.
**
** {F12714} If the G parameter to [sqlite3_open(v2(F,D,G,V)] contains the
**          bit value [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] and the database does not
**          previously exist, then an attempt is made to create and
**          initialize the database.
**
** {F12717} If the filename argument to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
**          or [sqlite3_open_v2()] is ":memory:", then an private,
**          ephemeral, in-memory database is created for the connection.
**          <todo>Is SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE|SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE required
**          in sqlite3_open_v2()?</todo>
**
** {F12719} If the filename is NULL or an empty string, then a private,
**          ephemeral on-disk database will be created.
**          <todo>Is SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE|SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE required
**          in sqlite3_open_v2()?</todo>
**
** {F12721} The [database connection] created by [sqlite3_open_v2(F,D,G,V)]
**          will use the [sqlite3_vfs] object identified by the V parameter,
**          or the default [sqlite3_vfs] object if V is a NULL pointer.
**
** {F12723} Two [database connections] will share a common cache if both were
**          opened with the same VFS while [shared cache mode] was enabled and
**          if both filenames compare equal using memcmp() after having been
**          processed by the [sqlite3_vfs | xFullPathname] method of the VFS.
*/
int sqlite3_open(
  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
................................................................................
  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
  sqlite3 **ppDb,         /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
  int flags,              /* Flags */
  const char *zVfs        /* Name of VFS module to use */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages {F12800}
**
** The sqlite3_errcode() interface returns the numeric [result code] or
** [extended result code] for the most recent failed sqlite3_* API call
** associated with a [database connection]. If a prior API call failed
** but the most recent API call succeeded, the return value from
** sqlite3_errcode() is undefined.
**
................................................................................
**
** If an interface fails with SQLITE_MISUSE, that means the interface
** was invoked incorrectly by the application.  In that case, the
** error code and message may or may not be set.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F12801} The [sqlite3_errcode(D)] interface returns the numeric
**          [result code] or [extended result code] for the most recently
**          failed interface call associated with the [database connection] D.
**
** {F12803} The [sqlite3_errmsg(D)] and [sqlite3_errmsg16(D)]
**          interfaces return English-language text that describes
**          the error in the mostly recently failed interface call,
**          encoded as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively.
**
** {F12807} The strings returned by [sqlite3_errmsg()] and [sqlite3_errmsg16()]
**          are valid until the next SQLite interface call.
**
** {F12808} Calls to API routines that do not return an error code
**          (example: [sqlite3_data_count()]) do not
**          change the error code or message returned by
**          [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], or [sqlite3_errmsg16()].
**
** {F12809} Interfaces that are not associated with a specific
**          [database connection] (examples:
**          [sqlite3_mprintf()] or [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()]
**          do not change the values returned by
**          [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], or [sqlite3_errmsg16()].
*/
int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: SQL Statement Object {F13000}
** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements}
**
** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement.
** This object is variously known as a "prepared statement" or a
** "compiled SQL statement" or simply as a "statement".
**
** The life of a statement object goes something like this:
................................................................................
**
** Refer to documentation on individual methods above for additional
** information.
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits {F12760}
**
** This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited
** on a connection by connection basis.  The first parameter is the
** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried.  The
** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a
** class of constructs to be size limited.  The third parameter is the
** new limit for that construct.  The function returns the old limit.
................................................................................
** created by an untrusted script can be contained using the
** [max_page_count] [PRAGMA].
**
** New run-time limit categories may be added in future releases.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F12762} A successful call to [sqlite3_limit(D,C,V)] where V is
**          positive changes the limit on the size of construct C in the
**          [database connection] D to the lesser of V and the hard upper
**          bound on the size of C that is set at compile-time.
**
** {F12766} A successful call to [sqlite3_limit(D,C,V)] where V is negative
**          leaves the state of the [database connection] D unchanged.
**
** {F12769} A successful call to [sqlite3_limit(D,C,V)] returns the
**          value of the limit on the size of construct C in the
**          [database connection] D as it was prior to the call.
*/
int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Limit Categories {F12790}
** KEYWORDS: {limit category} {limit categories}
**
** These constants define various aspects of a [database connection]
** that can be limited in size by calls to [sqlite3_limit()].
** The meanings of the various limits are as follows:
**
** <dl>
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP                   5
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG              6
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED                  7
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH       8
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9

/*
** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement {F13010}
** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}
**
** To execute an SQL query, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
** program using one of these routines.
**
** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a
** prior call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or [sqlite3_open16()].
................................................................................
** to find the underlying cause of the problem. With the "v2" prepare
** interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is returned immediately.
** </li>
** </ol>
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F13011} The [sqlite3_prepare(db,zSql,...)] and
**          [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,...)] interfaces interpret the
**          text in their zSql parameter as UTF-8.
**
** {F13012} The [sqlite3_prepare16(db,zSql,...)] and
**          [sqlite3_prepare16_v2(db,zSql,...)] interfaces interpret the
**          text in their zSql parameter as UTF-16 in the native byte order.
**
** {F13013} If the nByte argument to [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,nByte,...)]
**          and its variants is less than zero, the SQL text is
**          read from zSql is read up to the first zero terminator.
**
** {F13014} If the nByte argument to [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,nByte,...)]
**          and its variants is non-negative, then at most nBytes bytes of
**          SQL text is read from zSql.
**
** {F13015} In [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,N,P,pzTail)] and its variants
**          if the zSql input text contains more than one SQL statement
**          and pzTail is not NULL, then *pzTail is made to point to the
**          first byte past the end of the first SQL statement in zSql.
**          <todo>What does *pzTail point to if there is one statement?</todo>
**
** {F13016} A successful call to [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,N,ppStmt,...)]
**          or one of its variants writes into *ppStmt a pointer to a new
**          [prepared statement] or a pointer to NULL if zSql contains
**          nothing other than whitespace or comments.
**
** {F13019} The [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] interface and its variants return
**          [SQLITE_OK] or an appropriate [error code] upon failure.
**
** {F13021} Before [sqlite3_prepare(db,zSql,nByte,ppStmt,pzTail)] or its
**          variants returns an error (any value other than [SQLITE_OK]),
**          they first set *ppStmt to NULL.
*/
int sqlite3_prepare(
  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
................................................................................
  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
);

/*
** CAPIREF: Retrieving Statement SQL {F13100}
**
** This interface can be used to retrieve a saved copy of the original
** SQL text used to create a [prepared statement] if that statement was
** compiled using either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F13101} If the [prepared statement] passed as the argument to
**          [sqlite3_sql()] was compiled using either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or
**          [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], then [sqlite3_sql()] returns
**          a pointer to a zero-terminated string containing a UTF-8 rendering
**          of the original SQL statement.
**
** {F13102} If the [prepared statement] passed as the argument to
**          [sqlite3_sql()] was compiled using either [sqlite3_prepare()] or
**          [sqlite3_prepare16()], then [sqlite3_sql()] returns a NULL pointer.
**
** {F13103} The string returned by [sqlite3_sql(S)] is valid until the
**          [prepared statement] S is deleted using [sqlite3_finalize(S)].
*/
const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Dynamically Typed Value Object {F15000}
** KEYWORDS: {protected sqlite3_value} {unprotected sqlite3_value}
**
** SQLite uses the sqlite3_value object to represent all values
** that can be stored in a database table. SQLite uses dynamic typing
** for the values it stores. Values stored in sqlite3_value objects
** can be integers, floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULL.
**
................................................................................
** [sqlite3_result_value()] and [sqlite3_bind_value()].
** The [sqlite3_value_blob | sqlite3_value_type()] family of
** interfaces require protected sqlite3_value objects.
*/
typedef struct Mem sqlite3_value;

/*
** CAPI3REF: SQL Function Context Object {F16001}
**
** The context in which an SQL function executes is stored in an
** sqlite3_context object.  A pointer to an sqlite3_context object
** is always first parameter to [application-defined SQL functions].
** The application-defined SQL function implementation will pass this
** pointer through into calls to [sqlite3_result_int | sqlite3_result()],
** [sqlite3_aggregate_context()], [sqlite3_user_data()],
** [sqlite3_context_db_handle()], [sqlite3_get_auxdata()],
** and/or [sqlite3_set_auxdata()].
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Binding Values To Prepared Statements {F13500}
** KEYWORDS: {host parameter} {host parameters} {host parameter name}
** KEYWORDS: {SQL parameter} {SQL parameters} {parameter binding}
**
** In the SQL strings input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants,
** literals may be replaced by a parameter in one of these forms:
**
** <ul>
................................................................................
** panic rather than return SQLITE_MISUSE.
**
** See also: [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()],
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F13506} The [SQL statement compiler] recognizes tokens of the forms
**          "?", "?NNN", "$VVV", ":VVV", and "@VVV" as SQL parameters,
**          where NNN is any sequence of one or more digits
**          and where VVV is any sequence of one or more alphanumeric
**          characters or "::" optionally followed by a string containing
**          no spaces and contained within parentheses.
**
** {F13509} The initial value of an SQL parameter is NULL.
**
** {F13512} The index of an "?" SQL parameter is one larger than the
**          largest index of SQL parameter to the left, or 1 if
**          the "?" is the leftmost SQL parameter.
**
** {F13515} The index of an "?NNN" SQL parameter is the integer NNN.
**
** {F13518} The index of an ":VVV", "$VVV", or "@VVV" SQL parameter is
**          the same as the index of leftmost occurrences of the same
**          parameter, or one more than the largest index over all
**          parameters to the left if this is the first occurrence
**          of this parameter, or 1 if this is the leftmost parameter.
**
** {F13521} The [SQL statement compiler] fails with an [SQLITE_RANGE]
**          error if the index of an SQL parameter is less than 1
**          or greater than the compile-time SQLITE_MAX_VARIABLE_NUMBER
**          parameter.
**
** {F13524} Calls to [sqlite3_bind_text | sqlite3_bind(S,N,V,...)]
**          associate the value V with all SQL parameters having an
**          index of N in the [prepared statement] S.
**
** {F13527} Calls to [sqlite3_bind_text | sqlite3_bind(S,N,...)]
**          override prior calls with the same values of S and N.
**
** {F13530} Bindings established by [sqlite3_bind_text | sqlite3_bind(S,...)]
**          persist across calls to [sqlite3_reset(S)].
**
** {F13533} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_blob(S,N,V,L,D)],
**          [sqlite3_bind_text(S,N,V,L,D)], or
**          [sqlite3_bind_text16(S,N,V,L,D)] SQLite binds the first L
**          bytes of the BLOB or string pointed to by V, when L
**          is non-negative.
**
** {F13536} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_text(S,N,V,L,D)] or
**          [sqlite3_bind_text16(S,N,V,L,D)] SQLite binds characters
**          from V through the first zero character when L is negative.
**
** {F13539} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_blob(S,N,V,L,D)],
**          [sqlite3_bind_text(S,N,V,L,D)], or
**          [sqlite3_bind_text16(S,N,V,L,D)] when D is the special
**          constant [SQLITE_STATIC], SQLite assumes that the value V
**          is held in static unmanaged space that will not change
**          during the lifetime of the binding.
**
** {F13542} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_blob(S,N,V,L,D)],
**          [sqlite3_bind_text(S,N,V,L,D)], or
**          [sqlite3_bind_text16(S,N,V,L,D)] when D is the special
**          constant [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], the routine makes a
**          private copy of the value V before it returns.
**
** {F13545} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_blob(S,N,V,L,D)],
**          [sqlite3_bind_text(S,N,V,L,D)], or
**          [sqlite3_bind_text16(S,N,V,L,D)] when D is a pointer to
**          a function, SQLite invokes that function to destroy the
**          value V after it has finished using the value V.
**
** {F13548} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(S,N,V,L)] the value bound
**          is a BLOB of L bytes, or a zero-length BLOB if L is negative.
**
** {F13551} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_value(S,N,V)] the V argument may
**          be either a [protected sqlite3_value] object or an
**          [unprotected sqlite3_value] object.
*/
int sqlite3_bind_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int n, void(*)(void*));
int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double);
int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int);
int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64);
................................................................................
int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, int n, void(*)(void*));
int sqlite3_bind_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*);
int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters {F13600}
**
** This routine can be used to find the number of [SQL parameters]
** in a [prepared statement].  SQL parameters are tokens of the
** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as
** placeholders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound]
** to the parameters at a later time.
**
................................................................................
**
** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F13601} The [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(S)] interface returns
**          the largest index of all SQL parameters in the
**          [prepared statement] S, or 0 if S contains no SQL parameters.
*/
int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter {F13620}
**
** This routine returns a pointer to the name of the n-th
** [SQL parameter] in a [prepared statement].
** SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
** respectively.
** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?"
................................................................................
**
** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F13621} The [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(S,N)] interface returns
**          a UTF-8 rendering of the name of the SQL parameter in
**          the [prepared statement] S having index N, or
**          NULL if there is no SQL parameter with index N or if the
**          parameter with index N is an anonymous parameter "?".
*/
const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name {F13640}
**
** Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name.  The
** index value returned is suitable for use as the second
** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()].  A zero
** is returned if no matching parameter is found.  The parameter
** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement
** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
................................................................................
**
** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F13641} The [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(S,N)] interface returns
**          the index of SQL parameter in the [prepared statement]
**          S whose name matches the UTF-8 string N, or 0 if there is
**          no match.
*/
int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement {F13660}
**
** Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not reset
** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a [prepared statement].
** Use this routine to reset all host parameters to NULL.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F13661} The [sqlite3_clear_bindings(S)] interface resets all SQL
**          parameter bindings in the [prepared statement] S back to NULL.
*/
int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set {F13710}
**
** Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the
** [prepared statement]. This routine returns 0 if pStmt is an SQL
** statement that does not return data (for example an [UPDATE]).
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F13711} The [sqlite3_column_count(S)] interface returns the number of
**          columns in the result set generated by the [prepared statement] S,
**          or 0 if S does not generate a result set.
*/
int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set {F13720}
**
** These routines return the name assigned to a particular column
** in the result set of a [SELECT] statement.  The sqlite3_column_name()
** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string
** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated
** UTF-16 string.  The first parameter is the [prepared statement]
** that implements the [SELECT] statement. The second parameter is the
................................................................................
** The name of a result column is the value of the "AS" clause for
** that column, if there is an AS clause.  If there is no AS clause
** then the name of the column is unspecified and may change from
** one release of SQLite to the next.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F13721} A successful invocation of the [sqlite3_column_name(S,N)]
**          interface returns the name of the Nth column (where 0 is
**          the leftmost column) for the result set of the
**          [prepared statement] S as a zero-terminated UTF-8 string.
**
** {F13723} A successful invocation of the [sqlite3_column_name16(S,N)]
**          interface returns the name of the Nth column (where 0 is
**          the leftmost column) for the result set of the
**          [prepared statement] S as a zero-terminated UTF-16 string
**          in the native byte order.
**
** {F13724} The [sqlite3_column_name()] and [sqlite3_column_name16()]
**          interfaces return a NULL pointer if they are unable to
**          allocate memory to hold their normal return strings.
**
** {F13725} If the N parameter to [sqlite3_column_name(S,N)] or
**          [sqlite3_column_name16(S,N)] is out of range, then the
**          interfaces return a NULL pointer.
**
** {F13726} The strings returned by [sqlite3_column_name(S,N)] and
**          [sqlite3_column_name16(S,N)] are valid until the next
**          call to either routine with the same S and N parameters
**          or until [sqlite3_finalize(S)] is called.
**
** {F13727} When a result column of a [SELECT] statement contains
**          an AS clause, the name of that column is the identifier
**          to the right of the AS keyword.
*/
const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result {F13740}
**
** These routines provide a means to determine what column of what
** table in which database a result of a [SELECT] statement comes from.
** The name of the database or table or column can be returned as
** either a UTF-8 or UTF-16 string.  The _database_ routines return
** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and
** the origin_ routines return the column name.
................................................................................
** {A13751}
** If two or more threads call one or more of these routines against the same
** prepared statement and column at the same time then the results are
** undefined.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F13741} The [sqlite3_column_database_name(S,N)] interface returns either
**          the UTF-8 zero-terminated name of the database from which the
**          Nth result column of the [prepared statement] S is extracted,
**          or NULL if the Nth column of S is a general expression
**          or if unable to allocate memory to store the name.
**
** {F13742} The [sqlite3_column_database_name16(S,N)] interface returns either
**          the UTF-16 native byte order zero-terminated name of the database
**          from which the Nth result column of the [prepared statement] S is
**          extracted, or NULL if the Nth column of S is a general expression
**          or if unable to allocate memory to store the name.
**
** {F13743} The [sqlite3_column_table_name(S,N)] interface returns either
**          the UTF-8 zero-terminated name of the table from which the
**          Nth result column of the [prepared statement] S is extracted,
**          or NULL if the Nth column of S is a general expression
**          or if unable to allocate memory to store the name.
**
** {F13744} The [sqlite3_column_table_name16(S,N)] interface returns either
**          the UTF-16 native byte order zero-terminated name of the table
**          from which the Nth result column of the [prepared statement] S is
**          extracted, or NULL if the Nth column of S is a general expression
**          or if unable to allocate memory to store the name.
**
** {F13745} The [sqlite3_column_origin_name(S,N)] interface returns either
**          the UTF-8 zero-terminated name of the table column from which the
**          Nth result column of the [prepared statement] S is extracted,
**          or NULL if the Nth column of S is a general expression
**          or if unable to allocate memory to store the name.
**
** {F13746} The [sqlite3_column_origin_name16(S,N)] interface returns either
**          the UTF-16 native byte order zero-terminated name of the table
**          column from which the Nth result column of the
**          [prepared statement] S is extracted, or NULL if the Nth column
**          of S is a general expression or if unable to allocate memory
**          to store the name.
**
** {F13748} The return values from
**          [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces]
**          are valid for the lifetime of the [prepared statement]
**          or until the encoding is changed by another metadata
**          interface call for the same prepared statement and column.
**
** LIMITATIONS:
**
** {A13751} If two or more threads call one or more
**          [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces]
**          for the same [prepared statement] and result column
**          at the same time then the results are undefined.
*/
const char *sqlite3_column_database_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
................................................................................
const void *sqlite3_column_database_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result {F13760}
**
** The first parameter is a [prepared statement].
** If this statement is a [SELECT] statement and the Nth column of the
** returned result set of that [SELECT] is a table column (not an
** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table
** column is returned.  If the Nth column of the result set is an
** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned.
................................................................................
** data stored in that column is of the declared type.  SQLite is
** strongly typed, but the typing is dynamic not static.  Type
** is associated with individual values, not with the containers
** used to hold those values.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F13761}  A successful call to [sqlite3_column_decltype(S,N)] returns a
**           zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the declared datatype
**           of the table column that appears as the Nth column (numbered
**           from 0) of the result set to the [prepared statement] S.
**
** {F13762}  A successful call to [sqlite3_column_decltype16(S,N)]
**           returns a zero-terminated UTF-16 native byte order string
**           containing the declared datatype of the table column that appears
**           as the Nth column (numbered from 0) of the result set to the
**           [prepared statement] S.
**
** {F13763}  If N is less than 0 or N is greater than or equal to
**           the number of columns in the [prepared statement] S,
**           or if the Nth column of S is an expression or subquery rather
**           than a table column, or if a memory allocation failure
**           occurs during encoding conversions, then
**           calls to [sqlite3_column_decltype(S,N)] or
**           [sqlite3_column_decltype16(S,N)] return NULL.
*/
const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Evaluate An SQL Statement {F13200}
**
** After a [prepared statement] has been prepared using either
** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or one of the legacy
** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()], this function
** must be called one or more times to evaluate the statement.
**
** The details of the behavior of the sqlite3_step() interface depend
................................................................................
** using either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] instead
** of the legacy [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()] interfaces,
** then the more specific [error codes] are returned directly
** by sqlite3_step().  The use of the "v2" interface is recommended.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F13202}  If the [prepared statement] S is ready to be run, then
**           [sqlite3_step(S)] advances that prepared statement until
**           completion or until it is ready to return another row of the
**           result set, or until an [sqlite3_interrupt | interrupt]
**           or a run-time error occurs.
**
** {F15304}  When a call to [sqlite3_step(S)] causes the [prepared statement]
**           S to run to completion, the function returns [SQLITE_DONE].
**
** {F15306}  When a call to [sqlite3_step(S)] stops because it is ready to
**           return another row of the result set, it returns [SQLITE_ROW].
**
** {F15308}  If a call to [sqlite3_step(S)] encounters an
**           [sqlite3_interrupt | interrupt] or a run-time error,
**           it returns an appropriate error code that is not one of
**           [SQLITE_OK], [SQLITE_ROW], or [SQLITE_DONE].
**
** {F15310}  If an [sqlite3_interrupt | interrupt] or a run-time error
**           occurs during a call to [sqlite3_step(S)]
**           for a [prepared statement] S created using
**           legacy interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or
**           [sqlite3_prepare16()], then the function returns either
**           [SQLITE_ERROR], [SQLITE_BUSY], or [SQLITE_MISUSE].
*/
int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set {F13770}
**
** Returns the number of values in the current row of the result set.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F13771}  After a call to [sqlite3_step(S)] that returns [SQLITE_ROW],
**           the [sqlite3_data_count(S)] routine will return the same value
**           as the [sqlite3_column_count(S)] function.
**
** {F13772}  After [sqlite3_step(S)] has returned any value other than
**           [SQLITE_ROW] or before [sqlite3_step(S)] has been called on the
**           [prepared statement] for the first time since it was
**           [sqlite3_prepare | prepared] or [sqlite3_reset | reset],
**           the [sqlite3_data_count(S)] routine returns zero.
*/
int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Fundamental Datatypes {F10265}
** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TEXT
**
** {F10266} Every value in SQLite has one of five fundamental datatypes:
**
** <ul>
** <li> 64-bit signed integer
** <li> 64-bit IEEE floating point number
** <li> string
** <li> BLOB
** <li> NULL
................................................................................
# undef SQLITE_TEXT
#else
# define SQLITE_TEXT     3
#endif
#define SQLITE3_TEXT     3

/*
** CAPI3REF: Result Values From A Query {F13800}
** KEYWORDS: {column access functions}
**
** These routines form the "result set query" interface.
**
** These routines return information about a single column of the current
** result row of a query.  In every case the first argument is a pointer
** to the [prepared statement] that is being evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*]
................................................................................
** of these routines, a default value is returned.  The default value
** is either the integer 0, the floating point number 0.0, or a NULL
** pointer.  Subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] will return
** [SQLITE_NOMEM].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F13803} The [sqlite3_column_blob(S,N)] interface converts the
**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for
**          the [prepared statement] S into a BLOB and then returns a
**          pointer to the converted value.
**
** {F13806} The [sqlite3_column_bytes(S,N)] interface returns the
**          number of bytes in the BLOB or string (exclusive of the
**          zero terminator on the string) that was returned by the
**          most recent call to [sqlite3_column_blob(S,N)] or
**          [sqlite3_column_text(S,N)].
**
** {F13809} The [sqlite3_column_bytes16(S,N)] interface returns the
**          number of bytes in the string (exclusive of the
**          zero terminator on the string) that was returned by the
**          most recent call to [sqlite3_column_text16(S,N)].
**
** {F13812} The [sqlite3_column_double(S,N)] interface converts the
**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for the
**          [prepared statement] S into a floating point value and
**          returns a copy of that value.
**
** {F13815} The [sqlite3_column_int(S,N)] interface converts the
**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for the
**          [prepared statement] S into a 64-bit signed integer and
**          returns the lower 32 bits of that integer.
**
** {F13818} The [sqlite3_column_int64(S,N)] interface converts the
**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for the
**          [prepared statement] S into a 64-bit signed integer and
**          returns a copy of that integer.
**
** {F13821} The [sqlite3_column_text(S,N)] interface converts the
**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for
**          the [prepared statement] S into a zero-terminated UTF-8
**          string and returns a pointer to that string.
**
** {F13824} The [sqlite3_column_text16(S,N)] interface converts the
**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for the
**          [prepared statement] S into a zero-terminated 2-byte
**          aligned UTF-16 native byte order string and returns
**          a pointer to that string.
**
** {F13827} The [sqlite3_column_type(S,N)] interface returns
**          one of [SQLITE_NULL], [SQLITE_INTEGER], [SQLITE_FLOAT],
**          [SQLITE_TEXT], or [SQLITE_BLOB] as appropriate for
**          the Nth column in the current row of the result set for
**          the [prepared statement] S.
**
** {F13830} The [sqlite3_column_value(S,N)] interface returns a
**          pointer to an [unprotected sqlite3_value] object for the
**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for
**          the [prepared statement] S.
*/
const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
int sqlite3_column_bytes16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
................................................................................
sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object {F13300}
**
** The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a [prepared statement].
** If the statement was executed successfully or not executed at all, then
** SQLITE_OK is returned. If execution of the statement failed then an
** [error code] or [extended error code] is returned.
**
** This routine can be called at any point during the execution of the
................................................................................
** encountering an error or an [sqlite3_interrupt | interrupt].
** Incomplete updates may be rolled back and transactions canceled,
** depending on the circumstances, and the
** [error code] returned will be [SQLITE_ABORT].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F11302} The [sqlite3_finalize(S)] interface destroys the
**          [prepared statement] S and releases all
**          memory and file resources held by that object.
**
** {F11304} If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
**          [prepared statement] S returned an error,
**          then [sqlite3_finalize(S)] returns that same error.
*/
int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object {F13330}
**
** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a [prepared statement]
** object back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed.
** Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using
** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values.
** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings.
**
** {F11332} The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface resets the [prepared statement] S
**          back to the beginning of its program.
**
** {F11334} If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
**          [prepared statement] S returned [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE],
**          or if [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S,
**          then [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns [SQLITE_OK].
**
** {F11336} If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
**          [prepared statement] S indicated an error, then
**          [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns an appropriate [error code].
**
** {F11338} The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface does not change the values
**          of any [sqlite3_bind_blob|bindings] on the [prepared statement] S.
*/
int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions {F16100}
** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines}
** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL function}
** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL functions}
**
** These two functions (collectively known as "function creation routines")
** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior
** of existing SQL functions or aggregates.  The only difference between the
................................................................................
** functions with the same name but with either differing numbers of
** arguments or differing preferred text encodings.  SQLite will use
** the implementation most closely matches the way in which the
** SQL function is used.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F16103} The [sqlite3_create_function16()] interface behaves exactly
**          like [sqlite3_create_function()] in every way except that it
**          interprets the zFunctionName argument as zero-terminated UTF-16
**          native byte order instead of as zero-terminated UTF-8.
**
** {F16106} A successful invocation of
**          the [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,...)] interface registers
**          or replaces callback functions in the [database connection] D
**          used to implement the SQL function named X with N parameters
**          and having a preferred text encoding of E.
**
** {F16109} A successful call to [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)]
**          replaces the P, F, S, and L values from any prior calls with
**          the same D, X, N, and E values.
**
** {F16112} The [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,...)] interface fails with
**          a return code of [SQLITE_ERROR] if the SQL function name X is
**          longer than 255 bytes exclusive of the zero terminator.
**
** {F16118} Either F must be NULL and S and L are non-NULL or else F
**          is non-NULL and S and L are NULL, otherwise
**          [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)] returns [SQLITE_ERROR].
**
** {F16121} The [sqlite3_create_function(D,...)] interface fails with an
**          error code of [SQLITE_BUSY] if there exist [prepared statements]
**          associated with the [database connection] D.
**
** {F16124} The [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,...)] interface fails with an
**          error code of [SQLITE_ERROR] if parameter N (specifying the number
**          of arguments to the SQL function being registered) is less
**          than -1 or greater than 127.
**
** {F16127} When N is non-negative, the [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,...)]
**          interface causes callbacks to be invoked for the SQL function
**          named X when the number of arguments to the SQL function is
**          exactly N.
**
** {F16130} When N is -1, the [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,...)]
**          interface causes callbacks to be invoked for the SQL function
**          named X with any number of arguments.
**
** {F16133} When calls to [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,...)]
**          specify multiple implementations of the same function X
**          and when one implementation has N>=0 and the other has N=(-1)
**          the implementation with a non-zero N is preferred.
**
** {F16136} When calls to [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,...)]
**          specify multiple implementations of the same function X with
**          the same number of arguments N but with different
**          encodings E, then the implementation where E matches the
**          database encoding is preferred.
**
** {F16139} For an aggregate SQL function created using
**          [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,P,0,S,L)] the finalizer
**          function L will always be invoked exactly once if the
**          step function S is called one or more times.
**
** {F16142} When SQLite invokes either the xFunc or xStep function of
**          an application-defined SQL function or aggregate created
**          by [sqlite3_create_function()] or [sqlite3_create_function16()],
**          then the array of [sqlite3_value] objects passed as the
**          third parameter are always [protected sqlite3_value] objects.
*/
int sqlite3_create_function(
  sqlite3 *db,
................................................................................
  void *pApp,
  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Text Encodings {F10267}
**
** These constant define integer codes that represent the various
** text encodings supported by SQLite.
*/
#define SQLITE_UTF8           1
#define SQLITE_UTF16LE        2
#define SQLITE_UTF16BE        3
................................................................................
int sqlite3_expired(sqlite3_stmt*);
int sqlite3_transfer_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*, sqlite3_stmt*);
int sqlite3_global_recover(void);
void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void);
int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int),void*,sqlite3_int64);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Function Parameter Values {F15100}
**
** The C-language implementation of SQL functions and aggregates uses
** this set of interface routines to access the parameter values on
** the function or aggregate.
**
** The xFunc (for scalar functions) or xStep (for aggregates) parameters
** to [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
................................................................................
** or [sqlite3_value_text16()].
**
** These routines must be called from the same thread as
** the SQL function that supplied the [sqlite3_value*] parameters.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F15103} The [sqlite3_value_blob(V)] interface converts the
**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a BLOB and then
**          returns a pointer to the converted value.
**
** {F15106} The [sqlite3_value_bytes(V)] interface returns the
**          number of bytes in the BLOB or string (exclusive of the
**          zero terminator on the string) that was returned by the
**          most recent call to [sqlite3_value_blob(V)] or
**          [sqlite3_value_text(V)].
**
** {F15109} The [sqlite3_value_bytes16(V)] interface returns the
**          number of bytes in the string (exclusive of the
**          zero terminator on the string) that was returned by the
**          most recent call to [sqlite3_value_text16(V)],
**          [sqlite3_value_text16be(V)], or [sqlite3_value_text16le(V)].
**
** {F15112} The [sqlite3_value_double(V)] interface converts the
**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a floating point value and
**          returns a copy of that value.
**
** {F15115} The [sqlite3_value_int(V)] interface converts the
**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a 64-bit signed integer and
**          returns the lower 32 bits of that integer.
**
** {F15118} The [sqlite3_value_int64(V)] interface converts the
**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a 64-bit signed integer and
**          returns a copy of that integer.
**
** {F15121} The [sqlite3_value_text(V)] interface converts the
**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a zero-terminated UTF-8
**          string and returns a pointer to that string.
**
** {F15124} The [sqlite3_value_text16(V)] interface converts the
**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a zero-terminated 2-byte
**          aligned UTF-16 native byte order
**          string and returns a pointer to that string.
**
** {F15127} The [sqlite3_value_text16be(V)] interface converts the
**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a zero-terminated 2-byte
**          aligned UTF-16 big-endian
**          string and returns a pointer to that string.
**
** {F15130} The [sqlite3_value_text16le(V)] interface converts the
**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a zero-terminated 2-byte
**          aligned UTF-16 little-endian
**          string and returns a pointer to that string.
**
** {F15133} The [sqlite3_value_type(V)] interface returns
**          one of [SQLITE_NULL], [SQLITE_INTEGER], [SQLITE_FLOAT],
**          [SQLITE_TEXT], or [SQLITE_BLOB] as appropriate for
**          the [sqlite3_value] object V.
**
** {F15136} The [sqlite3_value_numeric_type(V)] interface converts
**          the [protected sqlite3_value] object V into either an integer or
**          a floating point value if it can do so without loss of
**          information, and returns one of [SQLITE_NULL],
**          [SQLITE_INTEGER], [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], or
**          [SQLITE_BLOB] as appropriate for the
**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V after the conversion attempt.
*/
................................................................................
const void *sqlite3_value_text16(sqlite3_value*);
const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*);
const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*);
int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*);
int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context {F16210}
**
** The implementation of aggregate SQL functions use this routine to allocate
** a structure for storing their state.
**
** The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context() routine is called for a
** particular aggregate, SQLite allocates nBytes of memory, zeroes out that
** memory, and returns a pointer to it. On second and subsequent calls to
................................................................................
** to the callback routine that implements the aggregate function.
**
** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
** the aggregate SQL function is running.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F16211} The first invocation of [sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N)] for
**          a particular instance of an aggregate function (for a particular
**          context C) causes SQLite to allocate N bytes of memory,
**          zero that memory, and return a pointer to the allocated memory.
**
** {F16213} If a memory allocation error occurs during
**          [sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N)] then the function returns 0.
**
** {F16215} Second and subsequent invocations of
**          [sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N)] for the same context pointer C
**          ignore the N parameter and return a pointer to the same
**          block of memory returned by the first invocation.
**
** {F16217} The memory allocated by [sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N)] is
**          automatically freed on the next call to [sqlite3_reset()]
**          or [sqlite3_finalize()] for the [prepared statement] containing
**          the aggregate function associated with context C.
*/
void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes);

/*
** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions {F16240}
**
** The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of
** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter)
** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
** registered the application defined function. {END}
**
** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
** the application-defined function is running.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F16243} The [sqlite3_user_data(C)] interface returns a copy of the
**          P pointer from the [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)]
**          or [sqlite3_create_function16(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)] call that
**          registered the SQL function associated with [sqlite3_context] C.
*/
void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions {F16250}
**
** The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of
** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter)
** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
** registered the application defined function.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F16253} The [sqlite3_context_db_handle(C)] interface returns a copy of the
**          D pointer from the [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)]
**          or [sqlite3_create_function16(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)] call that
**          registered the SQL function associated with [sqlite3_context] C.
*/
sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data {F16270}
**
** The following two functions may be used by scalar SQL functions to
** associate metadata with argument values. If the same value is passed to
** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under
** some circumstances the associated metadata may be preserved. This may
** be used, for example, to add a regular-expression matching scalar
** function. The compiled version of the regular expression is stored as
................................................................................
** values and SQL variables.
**
** These routines must be called from the same thread in which
** the SQL function is running.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F16272} The [sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N)] interface returns a pointer
**          to metadata associated with the Nth parameter of the SQL function
**          whose context is C, or NULL if there is no metadata associated
**          with that parameter.
**
** {F16274} The [sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,D)] interface assigns a metadata
**          pointer P to the Nth parameter of the SQL function with context C.
**
** {F16276} SQLite will invoke the destructor D with a single argument
**          which is the metadata pointer P following a call to
**          [sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,D)] when SQLite ceases to hold
**          the metadata.
**
** {F16277} SQLite ceases to hold metadata for an SQL function parameter
**          when the value of that parameter changes.
**
** {F16278} When [sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,D)] is invoked, the destructor
**          is called for any prior metadata associated with the same function
**          context C and parameter N.
**
** {F16279} SQLite will call destructors for any metadata it is holding
**          in a particular [prepared statement] S when either
**          [sqlite3_reset(S)] or [sqlite3_finalize(S)] is called.
*/
void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N);
void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N, void*, void (*)(void*));


/*
** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior {F10280}
**
** These are special values for the destructor that is passed in as the
** final argument to routines like [sqlite3_result_blob()].  If the destructor
** argument is SQLITE_STATIC, it means that the content pointer is constant
** and will never change.  It does not need to be destroyed.  The
** SQLITE_TRANSIENT value means that the content will likely change in
** the near future and that SQLite should make its own private copy of
................................................................................
** C++ compilers.  See ticket #2191.
*/
typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
#define SQLITE_STATIC      ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0)
#define SQLITE_TRANSIENT   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1)

/*
** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function {F16400}
**
** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that
** implement SQL functions and aggregates.  See
** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
** for additional information.
**
** These functions work very much like the [parameter binding] family of
................................................................................
**
** If these routines are called from within the different thread
** than the one containing the application-defined function that received
** the [sqlite3_context] pointer, the results are undefined.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F16403} The default return value from any SQL function is NULL.
**
** {F16406} The [sqlite3_result_blob(C,V,N,D)] interface changes the
**          return value of function C to be a BLOB that is N bytes
**          in length and with content pointed to by V.
**
** {F16409} The [sqlite3_result_double(C,V)] interface changes the
**          return value of function C to be the floating point value V.
**
** {F16412} The [sqlite3_result_error(C,V,N)] interface changes the return
**          value of function C to be an exception with error code
**          [SQLITE_ERROR] and a UTF-8 error message copied from V up to the
**          first zero byte or until N bytes are read if N is positive.
**
** {F16415} The [sqlite3_result_error16(C,V,N)] interface changes the return
**          value of function C to be an exception with error code
**          [SQLITE_ERROR] and a UTF-16 native byte order error message
**          copied from V up to the first zero terminator or until N bytes
**          are read if N is positive.
**
** {F16418} The [sqlite3_result_error_toobig(C)] interface changes the return
**          value of the function C to be an exception with error code
**          [SQLITE_TOOBIG] and an appropriate error message.
**
** {F16421} The [sqlite3_result_error_nomem(C)] interface changes the return
**          value of the function C to be an exception with error code
**          [SQLITE_NOMEM] and an appropriate error message.
**
** {F16424} The [sqlite3_result_error_code(C,E)] interface changes the return
**          value of the function C to be an exception with error code E.
**          The error message text is unchanged.
**
** {F16427} The [sqlite3_result_int(C,V)] interface changes the
**          return value of function C to be the 32-bit integer value V.
**
** {F16430} The [sqlite3_result_int64(C,V)] interface changes the
**          return value of function C to be the 64-bit integer value V.
**
** {F16433} The [sqlite3_result_null(C)] interface changes the
**          return value of function C to be NULL.
**
** {F16436} The [sqlite3_result_text(C,V,N,D)] interface changes the
**          return value of function C to be the UTF-8 string
**          V up to the first zero if N is negative
**          or the first N bytes of V if N is non-negative.
**
** {F16439} The [sqlite3_result_text16(C,V,N,D)] interface changes the
**          return value of function C to be the UTF-16 native byte order
**          string V up to the first zero if N is negative
**          or the first N bytes of V if N is non-negative.
**
** {F16442} The [sqlite3_result_text16be(C,V,N,D)] interface changes the
**          return value of function C to be the UTF-16 big-endian
**          string V up to the first zero if N is negative
**          or the first N bytes or V if N is non-negative.
**
** {F16445} The [sqlite3_result_text16le(C,V,N,D)] interface changes the
**          return value of function C to be the UTF-16 little-endian
**          string V up to the first zero if N is negative
**          or the first N bytes of V if N is non-negative.
**
** {F16448} The [sqlite3_result_value(C,V)] interface changes the
**          return value of function C to be the [unprotected sqlite3_value]
**          object V.
**
** {F16451} The [sqlite3_result_zeroblob(C,N)] interface changes the
**          return value of function C to be an N-byte BLOB of all zeros.
**
** {F16454} The [sqlite3_result_error()] and [sqlite3_result_error16()]
**          interfaces make a copy of their error message strings before
**          returning.
**
** {F16457} If the D destructor parameter to [sqlite3_result_blob(C,V,N,D)],
**          [sqlite3_result_text(C,V,N,D)], [sqlite3_result_text16(C,V,N,D)],
**          [sqlite3_result_text16be(C,V,N,D)], or
**          [sqlite3_result_text16le(C,V,N,D)] is the constant [SQLITE_STATIC]
**          then no destructor is ever called on the pointer V and SQLite
**          assumes that V is immutable.
**
** {F16460} If the D destructor parameter to [sqlite3_result_blob(C,V,N,D)],
**          [sqlite3_result_text(C,V,N,D)], [sqlite3_result_text16(C,V,N,D)],
**          [sqlite3_result_text16be(C,V,N,D)], or
**          [sqlite3_result_text16le(C,V,N,D)] is the constant
**          [SQLITE_TRANSIENT] then the interfaces makes a copy of the
**          content of V and retains the copy.
**
** {F16463} If the D destructor parameter to [sqlite3_result_blob(C,V,N,D)],
**          [sqlite3_result_text(C,V,N,D)], [sqlite3_result_text16(C,V,N,D)],
**          [sqlite3_result_text16be(C,V,N,D)], or
**          [sqlite3_result_text16le(C,V,N,D)] is some value other than
**          the constants [SQLITE_STATIC] and [SQLITE_TRANSIENT] then
**          SQLite will invoke the destructor D with V as its only argument
**          when it has finished with the V value.
*/
................................................................................
void sqlite3_result_text16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*);
void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences {F16600}
**
** These functions are used to add new collation sequences to the
** [database connection] specified as the first argument.
**
** The name of the new collation sequence is specified as a UTF-8 string
** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2()
** and a UTF-16 string for sqlite3_create_collation16(). In all cases
................................................................................
** of the sqlite3_create_collation_v2().
** Collations are destroyed when they are overridden by later calls to the
** collation creation functions or when the [database connection] is closed
** using [sqlite3_close()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F16603} A successful call to the
**          [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)] interface
**          registers function F as the comparison function used to
**          implement collation X on the [database connection] B for
**          databases having encoding E.
**
** {F16604} SQLite understands the X parameter to
**          [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)] as a zero-terminated
**          UTF-8 string in which case is ignored for ASCII characters and
**          is significant for non-ASCII characters.
**
** {F16606} Successive calls to [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)]
**          with the same values for B, X, and E, override prior values
**          of P, F, and D.
**
** {F16609} If the destructor D in [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)]
**          is not NULL then it is called with argument P when the
**          collating function is dropped by SQLite.
**
** {F16612} A collating function is dropped when it is overloaded.
**
** {F16615} A collating function is dropped when the database connection
**          is closed using [sqlite3_close()].
**
** {F16618} The pointer P in [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)]
**          is passed through as the first parameter to the comparison
**          function F for all subsequent invocations of F.
**
** {F16621} A call to [sqlite3_create_collation(B,X,E,P,F)] is exactly
**          the same as a call to [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()] with
**          the same parameters and a NULL destructor.
**
** {F16624} Following a [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)],
**          SQLite uses the comparison function F for all text comparison
**          operations on the [database connection] B on text values that
**          use the collating sequence named X.
**
** {F16627} The [sqlite3_create_collation16(B,X,E,P,F)] works the same
**          as [sqlite3_create_collation(B,X,E,P,F)] except that the
**          collation name X is understood as UTF-16 in native byte order
**          instead of UTF-8.
**
** {F16630} When multiple comparison functions are available for the same
**          collating sequence, SQLite chooses the one whose text encoding
**          requires the least amount of conversion from the default
**          text encoding of the database.
*/
int sqlite3_create_collation(
  sqlite3*, 
  const char *zName, 
................................................................................
  const void *zName,
  int eTextRep, 
  void*,
  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks {F16700}
**
** To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database
** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the
** [database connection] to be called whenever an undefined collation
** sequence is required.
**
** If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API,
** then it is passed the names of undefined collation sequences as strings
** encoded in UTF-8. {F16703} If sqlite3_collation_needed16() is used,
** the names are passed as UTF-16 in machine native byte order.
** A call to either function replaces any existing callback.
**
** When the callback is invoked, the first argument passed is a copy
** of the second argument to sqlite3_collation_needed() or
** sqlite3_collation_needed16().  The second argument is the database
** connection.  The third argument is one of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
................................................................................
**
** The callback function should register the desired collation using
** [sqlite3_create_collation()], [sqlite3_create_collation16()], or
** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F16702} A successful call to [sqlite3_collation_needed(D,P,F)]
**          or [sqlite3_collation_needed16(D,P,F)] causes
**          the [database connection] D to invoke callback F with first
**          parameter P whenever it needs a comparison function for a
**          collating sequence that it does not know about.
**
** {F16704} Each successful call to [sqlite3_collation_needed()] or
**          [sqlite3_collation_needed16()] overrides the callback registered
**          on the same [database connection] by prior calls to either
**          interface.
**
** {F16706} The name of the requested collating function passed in the
**          4th parameter to the callback is in UTF-8 if the callback
**          was registered using [sqlite3_collation_needed()] and
**          is in UTF-16 native byte order if the callback was
**          registered using [sqlite3_collation_needed16()].
*/
int sqlite3_collation_needed(
  sqlite3*, 
................................................................................
*/
int sqlite3_rekey(
  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The new key */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Suspend Execution For A Short Time {F10530}
**
** The sqlite3_sleep() function causes the current thread to suspend execution
** for at least a number of milliseconds specified in its parameter.
**
** If the operating system does not support sleep requests with
** millisecond time resolution, then the time will be rounded up to
** the nearest second. The number of milliseconds of sleep actually
................................................................................
** requested from the operating system is returned.
**
** SQLite implements this interface by calling the xSleep()
** method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F10533} The [sqlite3_sleep(M)] interface invokes the xSleep
**          method of the default [sqlite3_vfs|VFS] in order to
**          suspend execution of the current thread for at least
**          M milliseconds.
**
** {F10536} The [sqlite3_sleep(M)] interface returns the number of
**          milliseconds of sleep actually requested of the operating
**          system, which might be larger than the parameter M.
*/
int sqlite3_sleep(int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Temporary Files {F10310}
**
** If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all temporary files
** created by SQLite will be placed in that directory.  If this variable
** is a NULL pointer, then SQLite performs a search for an appropriate
** temporary file directory.
**
................................................................................
** has been opened.  It is intended that this variable be set once
** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
** routines have been call and remain unchanged thereafter.
*/
SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Database Is In Auto-Commit Mode {F12930}
** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode}
**
** The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or
** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
** respectively.  Autocommit mode is on by default.
** Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
** Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
................................................................................
** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], and [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]) then the
** transaction might be rolled back automatically.  The only way to
** find out whether SQLite automatically rolled back the transaction after
** an error is to use this function.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F12931} The [sqlite3_get_autocommit(D)] interface returns non-zero or
**          zero if the [database connection] D is or is not in autocommit
**          mode, respectively.
**
** {F12932} Autocommit mode is on by default.
**
** {F12933} Autocommit mode is disabled by a successful [BEGIN] statement.
**
** {F12934} Autocommit mode is enabled by a successful [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK]
**          statement.
**
** LIMITATIONS:
**
** {A12936} If another thread changes the autocommit status of the database
**          connection while this routine is running, then the return value
**          is undefined.
*/
int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement {F13120}
**
** The sqlite3_db_handle interface returns the [database connection] handle
** to which a [prepared statement] belongs.  The database handle returned by
** sqlite3_db_handle is the same database handle that was the first argument
** to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] call (or its variants) that was used to
** create the statement in the first place.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F13123} The [sqlite3_db_handle(S)] interface returns a pointer
**          to the [database connection] associated with the
**          [prepared statement] S.
*/
sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Find the next prepared statement {F13140}
**
** This interface returns a pointer to the next [prepared statement] after
** pStmt associated with the [database connection] pDb.  If pStmt is NULL
** then this interface returns a pointer to the first prepared statement
** associated with the database connection pDb.  If no prepared statement
** satisfies the conditions of this routine, it returns NULL.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F13143} If D is a [database connection] that holds one or more
**          unfinalized [prepared statements] and S is a NULL pointer,
**          then [sqlite3_next_stmt(D, S)] routine shall return a pointer
**          to one of the prepared statements associated with D.
**
** {F13146} If D is a [database connection] that holds no unfinalized
**          [prepared statements] and S is a NULL pointer, then
**          [sqlite3_next_stmt(D, S)] routine shall return a NULL pointer.
**
** {F13149} If S is a [prepared statement] in the [database connection] D
**          and S is not the last prepared statement in D, then
**          [sqlite3_next_stmt(D, S)] routine shall return a pointer
**          to the next prepared statement in D after S.
**
** {F13152} If S is the last [prepared statement] in the
**          [database connection] D then the [sqlite3_next_stmt(D, S)]
**          routine shall return a NULL pointer.
*/
sqlite3_stmt *sqlite3_next_stmt(sqlite3 *pDb, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks {F12950}
**
** The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback
** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is committed.
** Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
** for the same database connection is overridden.
** The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback
** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is committed.
................................................................................
** automatically rolled back because the database connection is closed.
** The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is
** rolled back because a commit callback returned non-zero.
** <todo> Check on this </todo>
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F12951} The [sqlite3_commit_hook(D,F,P)] interface registers the
**          callback function F to be invoked with argument P whenever
**          a transaction commits on the [database connection] D.
**
** {F12952} The [sqlite3_commit_hook(D,F,P)] interface returns the P argument
**          from the previous call with the same [database connection] D,
**          or NULL on the first call for a particular database connection D.
**
** {F12953} Each call to [sqlite3_commit_hook()] overwrites the callback
**          registered by prior calls.
**
** {F12954} If the F argument to [sqlite3_commit_hook(D,F,P)] is NULL
**          then the commit hook callback is canceled and no callback
**          is invoked when a transaction commits.
**
** {F12955} If the commit callback returns non-zero then the commit is
**          converted into a rollback.
**
** {F12961} The [sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,F,P)] interface registers the
**          callback function F to be invoked with argument P whenever
**          a transaction rolls back on the [database connection] D.
**
** {F12962} The [sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,F,P)] interface returns the P
**          argument from the previous call with the same
**          [database connection] D, or NULL on the first call
**          for a particular database connection D.
**
** {F12963} Each call to [sqlite3_rollback_hook()] overwrites the callback
**          registered by prior calls.
**
** {F12964} If the F argument to [sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,F,P)] is NULL
**          then the rollback hook callback is canceled and no callback
**          is invoked when a transaction rolls back.
*/
void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*);
void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks {F12970}
**
** The sqlite3_update_hook() interface registers a callback function
** with the [database connection] identified by the first argument
** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted.
** Any callback set by a previous call to this function
** for the same database connection is overridden.
**
................................................................................
** modified (i.e. sqlite_master and sqlite_sequence).
**
** If another function was previously registered, its pArg value
** is returned.  Otherwise NULL is returned.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F12971} The [sqlite3_update_hook(D,F,P)] interface causes the callback
**          function F to be invoked with first parameter P whenever
**          a table row is modified, inserted, or deleted on
**          the [database connection] D.
**
** {F12973} The [sqlite3_update_hook(D,F,P)] interface returns the value
**          of P for the previous call on the same [database connection] D,
**          or NULL for the first call.
**
** {F12975} If the update hook callback F in [sqlite3_update_hook(D,F,P)]
**          is NULL then the no update callbacks are made.
**
** {F12977} Each call to [sqlite3_update_hook(D,F,P)] overrides prior calls
**          to the same interface on the same [database connection] D.
**
** {F12979} The update hook callback is not invoked when internal system
**          tables such as sqlite_master and sqlite_sequence are modified.
**
** {F12981} The second parameter to the update callback
**          is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE] or [SQLITE_UPDATE],
**          depending on the operation that caused the callback to be invoked.
**
** {F12983} The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers
**          to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings which are the names of the
**          database and table that is being updated.

** {F12985} The final callback parameter is the rowid of the row after
**          the change occurs.
*/
void *sqlite3_update_hook(
  sqlite3*, 
  void(*)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64),
  void*
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Shared Pager Cache {F10330}
** KEYWORDS: {shared cache} {shared cache mode}
**
** This routine enables or disables the sharing of the database cache
** and schema data structures between [database connection | connections]
** to the same database. Sharing is enabled if the argument is true
** and disabled if the argument is false.
**
................................................................................
**
** Shared cache is disabled by default. But this might change in
** future releases of SQLite.  Applications that care about shared
** cache setting should set it explicitly.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F10331} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(B)]
**          will enable or disable shared cache mode for any subsequently
**          created [database connection] in the same process.
**
** {F10336} When shared cache is enabled, the [sqlite3_create_module()]
**          interface will always return an error.
**
** {F10337} The [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(B)] interface returns
**          [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was enabled or disabled successfully.
**
** {F10339} Shared cache is disabled by default.
*/
int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Attempt To Free Heap Memory {F17340}
**
** The sqlite3_release_memory() interface attempts to free N bytes
** of heap memory by deallocating non-essential memory allocations
** held by the database library. {END}  Memory used to cache database
** pages to improve performance is an example of non-essential memory.
** sqlite3_release_memory() returns the number of bytes actually freed,
** which might be more or less than the amount requested.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F17341} The [sqlite3_release_memory(N)] interface attempts to
**          free N bytes of heap memory by deallocating non-essential
**          memory allocations held by the database library.
**
** {F16342} The [sqlite3_release_memory(N)] returns the number
**          of bytes actually freed, which might be more or less
**          than the amount requested.
*/
int sqlite3_release_memory(int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Impose A Limit On Heap Size {F17350}
**
** The sqlite3_soft_heap_limit() interface places a "soft" limit
** on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated by SQLite.
** If an internal allocation is requested that would exceed the
** soft heap limit, [sqlite3_release_memory()] is invoked one or
** more times to free up some space before the allocation is performed.
**
................................................................................
** applied to all threads. The value specified for the soft heap limit
** is an upper bound on the total memory allocation for all threads. In
** version 3.5.0 there is no mechanism for limiting the heap usage for
** individual threads.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F16351} The [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(N)] interface places a soft limit
**          of N bytes on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated
**          using [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] at any point
**          in time.
**
** {F16352} If a call to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] would
**          cause the total amount of allocated memory to exceed the
**          soft heap limit, then [sqlite3_release_memory()] is invoked
**          in an attempt to reduce the memory usage prior to proceeding
**          with the memory allocation attempt.
**
** {F16353} Calls to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that trigger
**          attempts to reduce memory usage through the soft heap limit
**          mechanism continue even if the attempt to reduce memory
**          usage is unsuccessful.
**
** {F16354} A negative or zero value for N in a call to
**          [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(N)] means that there is no soft
**          heap limit and [sqlite3_release_memory()] will only be
**          called when memory is completely exhausted.
**
** {F16355} The default value for the soft heap limit is zero.
**
** {F16358} Each call to [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(N)] overrides the
**          values set by all prior calls.
*/
void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table {F12850}
**
** This routine returns metadata about a specific column of a specific
** database table accessible using the [database connection] handle
** passed as the first function argument.
**
** The column is identified by the second, third and fourth parameters to
** this function. The second parameter is either the name of the database
................................................................................
  char const **pzCollSeq,     /* OUTPUT: Collation sequence name */
  int *pNotNull,              /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */
  int *pPrimaryKey,           /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */
  int *pAutoinc               /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension {F12600}
**
** This interface loads an SQLite extension library from the named file.
**
** {F12601} The sqlite3_load_extension() interface attempts to load an
**          SQLite extension library contained in the file zFile.
**
** {F12602} The entry point is zProc.
**
** {F12603} zProc may be 0, in which case the name of the entry point
**          defaults to "sqlite3_extension_init".
**
** {F12604} The sqlite3_load_extension() interface shall return
**          [SQLITE_OK] on success and [SQLITE_ERROR] if something goes wrong.
**
** {F12605} If an error occurs and pzErrMsg is not 0, then the
**          [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface shall attempt to
**          fill *pzErrMsg with error message text stored in memory
**          obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()]. {END}  The calling function
**          should free this memory by calling [sqlite3_free()].
**
** {F12606} Extension loading must be enabled using
**          [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] prior to calling this API,
**          otherwise an error will be returned.
*/
int sqlite3_load_extension(
  sqlite3 *db,          /* Load the extension into this database connection */
  const char *zFile,    /* Name of the shared library containing extension */
  const char *zProc,    /* Entry point.  Derived from zFile if 0 */
  char **pzErrMsg       /* Put error message here if not 0 */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extension Loading {F12620}
**
** So as not to open security holes in older applications that are
** unprepared to deal with extension loading, and as a means of disabling
** extension loading while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following API
** is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and off.
**
** Extension loading is off by default. See ticket #1863.
**
** {F12621} Call the sqlite3_enable_load_extension() routine with onoff==1
**          to turn extension loading on and call it with onoff==0 to turn
**          it back off again.
**
** {F12622} Extension loading is off by default.
*/
int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Make Arrangements To Automatically Load An Extension {F12640}
**
** This API can be invoked at program startup in order to register
** one or more statically linked extensions that will be available
** to all new [database connections]. {END}
**
** This routine stores a pointer to the extension in an array that is
** obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].  If you run a memory leak checker
** on your program and it reports a leak because of this array, invoke
** [sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()] prior to shutdown to free the memory.
**
** {F12641} This function registers an extension entry point that is
**          automatically invoked whenever a new [database connection]
**          is opened using [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
**          or [sqlite3_open_v2()].
**
** {F12642} Duplicate extensions are detected so calling this routine
**          multiple times with the same extension is harmless.
**
** {F12643} This routine stores a pointer to the extension in an array
**          that is obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].
**
** {F12644} Automatic extensions apply across all threads.
*/
int sqlite3_auto_extension(void *xEntryPoint);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Reset Automatic Extension Loading {F12660}
**
** This function disables all previously registered automatic
** extensions. {END}  It undoes the effect of all prior
** [sqlite3_auto_extension()] calls.
**
** {F12661} This function disables all previously registered
**          automatic extensions.
**
** {F12662} This function disables automatic extensions in all threads.
*/
void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(void);

/*
****** EXPERIMENTAL - subject to change without notice **************
**
** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism is currently considered
................................................................................
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_vtab sqlite3_vtab;
typedef struct sqlite3_index_info sqlite3_index_info;
typedef struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor sqlite3_vtab_cursor;
typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object {F18000}
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module
**
** A module is a class of virtual tables.  Each module is defined
** by an instance of the following structure.  This structure consists
** mostly of methods for the module.
**
** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
................................................................................
  int (*xBegin)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
  int (*xCommit)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
  int (*xRollback)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
  int (*xFindFunction)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int nArg, const char *zName,
                       void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
                       void **ppArg);

  int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew);
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Indexing Information {F18100}
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_index_info
**
** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used to
** pass information into and receive the reply from the xBestIndex
** method of an sqlite3_module.  The fields under **Inputs** are the
** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only.  xBestIndex inserts its
** results into the **Outputs** fields.
................................................................................
     int iTermOffset;          /* Used internally - xBestIndex should ignore */
  } *aConstraint;            /* Table of WHERE clause constraints */
  int nOrderBy;              /* Number of terms in the ORDER BY clause */
  struct sqlite3_index_orderby {
     int iColumn;              /* Column number */
     unsigned char desc;       /* True for DESC.  False for ASC. */
  } *aOrderBy;               /* The ORDER BY clause */

  /* Outputs */
  struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage {
    int argvIndex;           /* if >0, constraint is part of argv to xFilter */
    unsigned char omit;      /* Do not code a test for this constraint */
  } *aConstraintUsage;
  int idxNum;                /* Number used to identify the index */
  char *idxStr;              /* String, possibly obtained from sqlite3_malloc */
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT    4
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE    8
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT    16
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE    32
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH 64

/*
** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation {F18200}
**
** This routine is used to register a new module name with a
** [database connection].  Module names must be registered before
** creating new virtual tables on the module, or before using
** preexisting virtual tables of the module.
**
** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
................................................................................
  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
  const sqlite3_module *,    /* Methods for the module */
  void *                     /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation {F18210}
**
** This routine is identical to the [sqlite3_create_module()] method above,
** except that it allows a destructor function to be specified. It is
** even more experimental than the rest of the virtual tables API.
*/
int sqlite3_create_module_v2(
  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
................................................................................
  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
  const sqlite3_module *,    /* Methods for the module */
  void *,                    /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
  void(*xDestroy)(void*)     /* Module destructor function */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object {F18010}
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab
**
** Every module implementation uses a subclass of the following structure
** to describe a particular instance of the module.  Each subclass will
** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation.
** The purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are
** common to all module implementations.
................................................................................
  const sqlite3_module *pModule;  /* The module for this virtual table */
  int nRef;                       /* Used internally */
  char *zErrMsg;                  /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */
  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Cursor Object  {F18020}
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab_cursor
**
** Every module implementation uses a subclass of the following structure
** to describe cursors that point into the virtual table and are used
** to loop through the virtual table.  Cursors are created using the
** xOpen method of the module.  Each module implementation will define
** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs.
................................................................................
*/
struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor {
  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Virtual table of this cursor */
  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table {F18280}
**
** The xCreate and xConnect methods of a module use the following API
** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
** the virtual tables they implement.
**
** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
** removal in future releases of SQLite.
*/
int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zCreateTable);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table {F18300}
**
** Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
** using the xFindFunction method.  But global versions of those functions
** must exist in order to be overloaded.
**
** This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular
** name and number of parameters exists.  If no such function exists
................................................................................
** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
**
****** EXPERIMENTAL - subject to change without notice **************
*/

/*
** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB {F17800}
** KEYWORDS: {BLOB handle} {BLOB handles}
**
** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which
** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] can be performed.
** Objects of this type are created by [sqlite3_blob_open()]
** and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].
** The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces
** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB.
** The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O {F17810}
**
** This interfaces opens a [BLOB handle | handle] to the BLOB located
** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by:
**
** <pre>
**     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE rowid = iRow;
................................................................................
** a expired BLOB handle fail with an return code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
** Changes written into a BLOB prior to the BLOB expiring are not
** rollback by the expiration of the BLOB.  Such changes will eventually
** commit if the transaction continues to completion.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F17813} A successful invocation of the [sqlite3_blob_open(D,B,T,C,R,F,P)]
**          interface shall open an [sqlite3_blob] object P on the BLOB
**          in column C of the table T in the database B on
**          the [database connection] D.
**
** {F17814} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_blob_open(D,...)] shall start
**          a new transaction on the [database connection] D if that
**          connection is not already in a transaction.
**
** {F17816} The [sqlite3_blob_open(D,B,T,C,R,F,P)] interface shall open
**          the BLOB for read and write access if and only if the F
**          parameter is non-zero.
**
** {F17819} The [sqlite3_blob_open()] interface shall return [SQLITE_OK] on
**          success and an appropriate [error code] on failure.
**
** {F17821} If an error occurs during evaluation of [sqlite3_blob_open(D,...)]
**          then subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode(D)],
**          [sqlite3_errmsg(D)], and [sqlite3_errmsg16(D)] shall return
**          information appropriate for that error.
**
** {F17824} If any column in the row that a [sqlite3_blob] has open is
**          changed by a separate [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statement or by
**          an [ON CONFLICT] side effect, then the [sqlite3_blob] shall
**          be marked as invalid.
*/
int sqlite3_blob_open(
  sqlite3*,
  const char *zDb,
................................................................................
  const char *zColumn,
  sqlite3_int64 iRow,
  int flags,
  sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Close A BLOB Handle {F17830}
**
** Closes an open [BLOB handle].
**
** Closing a BLOB shall cause the current transaction to commit
** if there are no other BLOBs, no pending prepared statements, and the
** database connection is in [autocommit mode].
** If any writes were made to the BLOB, they might be held in cache
** until the close operation if they will fit. {END}
**
** Closing the BLOB often forces the changes
** out to disk and so if any I/O errors occur, they will likely occur
** at the time when the BLOB is closed.  {F17833} Any errors that occur during
** closing are reported as a non-zero return value.
**
** The BLOB is closed unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns
** an error code, the BLOB is still closed.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F17833} The [sqlite3_blob_close(P)] interface closes an [sqlite3_blob]
**          object P previously opened using [sqlite3_blob_open()].
**
** {F17836} Closing an [sqlite3_blob] object using
**          [sqlite3_blob_close()] shall cause the current transaction to
**          commit if there are no other open [sqlite3_blob] objects
**          or [prepared statements] on the same [database connection] and
**          the database connection is in [autocommit mode].
**
** {F17839} The [sqlite3_blob_close(P)] interfaces shall close the
**          [sqlite3_blob] object P unconditionally, even if
**          [sqlite3_blob_close(P)] returns something other than [SQLITE_OK].
*/
int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB {F17840}
**
** Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the open
** []BLOB handle] in its only argument.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F17843} The [sqlite3_blob_bytes(P)] interface returns the size
**          in bytes of the BLOB that the [sqlite3_blob] object P
**          refers to.
*/
int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally {F17850}
**
** This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a
** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z
** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.
**
** If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  If N or iOffset is
................................................................................
** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
**
** On success, SQLITE_OK is returned.
** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F17853} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] 
**          shall reads N bytes of data out of the BLOB referenced by
**          [BLOB handle] P beginning at offset X and store those bytes
**          into buffer Z.
**
** {F17856} In [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] if the size of the BLOB
**          is less than N+X bytes, then the function shall leave the
**          Z buffer unchanged and return [SQLITE_ERROR].
**
** {F17859} In [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] if X or N is less than zero
**          then the function shall leave the Z buffer unchanged
**          and return [SQLITE_ERROR].
**
** {F17862} The [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] interface shall return [SQLITE_OK]
**          if N bytes are successfully read into buffer Z.
**
** {F17863} If the [BLOB handle] P is expired and X and N are within bounds
**          then [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] shall leave the Z buffer
**          unchanged and return [SQLITE_ABORT].
**
** {F17865} If the requested read could not be completed,
**          the [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] interface shall return an
**          appropriate [error code] or [extended error code].
**
** {F17868} If an error occurs during evaluation of [sqlite3_blob_read(P,...)]
**          then subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode(D)],
**          [sqlite3_errmsg(D)], and [sqlite3_errmsg16(D)] shall return
**          information appropriate for that error, where D is the
**          [database connection] that was used to open the [BLOB handle] P.
*/
int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally {F17870}
**
** This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a
** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z
** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.
**
** If the [BLOB handle] passed as the first argument was not opened for
** writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()] was zero),
................................................................................
** or by other independent statements.
**
** On success, SQLITE_OK is returned.
** Otherwise, an  [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F17873} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)]
**          shall write N bytes of data from buffer Z into the BLOB 
**          referenced by [BLOB handle] P beginning at offset X into
**          the BLOB.
**
** {F17874} In the absence of other overridding changes, the changes
**          written to a BLOB by [sqlite3_blob_write()] shall
**          remain in effect after the associated [BLOB handle] expires.
**
** {F17875} If the [BLOB handle] P was opened for reading only then
**          an invocation of [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] shall leave
**          the referenced BLOB unchanged and return [SQLITE_READONLY].
**
** {F17876} If the size of the BLOB referenced by [BLOB handle] P is
**          less than N+X bytes then [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] shall
**          leave the BLOB unchanged and return [SQLITE_ERROR].
**
** {F17877} If the [BLOB handle] P is expired and X and N are within bounds
**          then [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] shall leave the BLOB
**          unchanged and return [SQLITE_ABORT].
**
** {F17879} If X or N are less than zero then [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)]
**          shall leave the BLOB referenced by [BLOB handle] P unchanged
**          and return [SQLITE_ERROR].
**
** {F17882} The [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] interface shall return
**          [SQLITE_OK] if N bytes where successfully written into the BLOB.
**
** {F17885} If the requested write could not be completed,
**          the [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] interface shall return an
**          appropriate [error code] or [extended error code].
**
** {F17888} If an error occurs during evaluation of [sqlite3_blob_write(D,...)]
**          then subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode(D)],
**          [sqlite3_errmsg(D)], and [sqlite3_errmsg16(D)] shall return
**          information appropriate for that error.
*/
int sqlite3_blob_write(sqlite3_blob *, const void *z, int n, int iOffset);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Virtual File System Objects {F11200}
**
** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object
** that SQLite uses to interact
** with the underlying operating system.  Most SQLite builds come with a
** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer.
** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered.
** The following interfaces are provided.
................................................................................
**
** Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface.
** If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as
** the default.  The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F11203} The [sqlite3_vfs_find(N)] interface returns a pointer to the
**          registered [sqlite3_vfs] object whose name exactly matches
**          the zero-terminated UTF-8 string N, or it returns NULL if
**          there is no match.
**
** {F11206} If the N parameter to [sqlite3_vfs_find(N)] is NULL then
**          the function returns a pointer to the default [sqlite3_vfs]
**          object if there is one, or NULL if there is no default
**          [sqlite3_vfs] object.
**
** {F11209} The [sqlite3_vfs_register(P,F)] interface registers the
**          well-formed [sqlite3_vfs] object P using the name given
**          by the zName field of the object.
**
** {F11212} Using the [sqlite3_vfs_register(P,F)] interface to register
**          the same [sqlite3_vfs] object multiple times is a harmless no-op.
**
** {F11215} The [sqlite3_vfs_register(P,F)] interface makes the [sqlite3_vfs]
**          object P the default [sqlite3_vfs] object if F is non-zero.
**
** {F11218} The [sqlite3_vfs_unregister(P)] interface unregisters the
**          [sqlite3_vfs] object P so that it is no longer returned by
**          subsequent calls to [sqlite3_vfs_find()].
*/
sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName);
int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt);
int sqlite3_vfs_unregister(sqlite3_vfs*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Mutexes {F17000}
**
** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread
** synchronization. Though they are intended for internal
** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is
** permitted to use any of these routines.
**
** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations
................................................................................
** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex
** implementation is included with the library. In this case the
** application must supply a custom mutex implementation using the
** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option of the sqlite3_config() function
** before calling sqlite3_initialize() or any other public sqlite3_
** function that calls sqlite3_initialize().
**
** {F17011} The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
** mutex and returns a pointer to it. {F17012} If it returns NULL
** that means that a mutex could not be allocated. {F17013} SQLite
** will unwind its stack and return an error. {F17014} The argument
** to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() is one of these integer constants:
**
** <ul>
** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER
** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM
** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2
** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG
** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU
** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2
** </ul>
**
** {F17015} The first two constants cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create
** a new mutex.  The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used. {END}
** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction
** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does
** not want to.  {F17016} But SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in
** cases where it really needs one.  {END} If a faster non-recursive mutex
** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem
** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST.
**
** {F17017} The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() each return
** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex. {END}  Four static mutexes are
** used by the current version of SQLite.  Future versions of SQLite
** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
**
** {F17018} Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
** returns a different mutex on every call.  {F17034} But for the static
** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
** the same type number.
**
** {F17019} The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously
** allocated dynamic mutex. {F17020} SQLite is careful to deallocate every
** dynamic mutex that it allocates. {A17021} The dynamic mutexes must not be in
** use when they are deallocated. {A17022} Attempting to deallocate a static
** mutex results in undefined behavior. {F17023} SQLite never deallocates
** a static mutex. {END}
**
** The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
** to enter a mutex. {F17024} If another thread is already within the mutex,
** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
** SQLITE_BUSY. {F17025}  The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
** upon successful entry.  {F17026} Mutexes created using
** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can be entered multiple times by the same thread.
** {F17027} In such cases the,
** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
** can enter.  {A17028} If the same thread tries to enter any other
** kind of mutex more than once, the behavior is undefined.
** {F17029} SQLite will never exhibit
** such behavior in its own use of mutexes.
**
** Some systems (for example, Windows 95) do not support the operation
** implemented by sqlite3_mutex_try().  On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try()
** will always return SQLITE_BUSY.  {F17030} The SQLite core only ever uses
** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization so this is acceptable behavior.
**
** {F17031} The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
** previously entered by the same thread.  {A17032} The behavior
** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the
** calling thread or is not currently allocated.  {F17033} SQLite will
** never do either. {END}
**
** If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_enter(), sqlite3_mutex_try(), or
** sqlite3_mutex_leave() is a NULL pointer, then all three routines
** behave as no-ops.
**
** See also: [sqlite3_mutex_held()] and [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()].
................................................................................
sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_mutex_alloc(int);
void sqlite3_mutex_free(sqlite3_mutex*);
void sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex*);
int sqlite3_mutex_try(sqlite3_mutex*);
void sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Mutex Methods Object {F17120}
**
** An instance of this structure defines the low-level routines
** used to allocate and use mutexes.
**
** Usually, the default mutex implementations provided by SQLite are
** sufficient, however the user has the option of substituting a custom
** implementation for specialized deployments or systems for which SQLite
................................................................................
** to sqlite3_config() along with the [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option.
** Additionally, an instance of this structure can be used as an
** output variable when querying the system for the current mutex
** implementation, using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX] option.
**
** The xMutexInit method defined by this structure is invoked as
** part of system initialization by the sqlite3_initialize() function.
** {F17001} The xMutexInit routine shall be called by SQLite once for each
** effective call to [sqlite3_initialize()].
**
** The xMutexEnd method defined by this structure is invoked as
** part of system shutdown by the sqlite3_shutdown() function. The
** implementation of this method is expected to release all outstanding
** resources obtained by the mutex methods implementation, especially
** those obtained by the xMutexInit method. {F17003} The xMutexEnd()
** interface shall be invoked once for each call to [sqlite3_shutdown()].
**
** The remaining seven methods defined by this structure (xMutexAlloc,
** xMutexFree, xMutexEnter, xMutexTry, xMutexLeave, xMutexHeld and
** xMutexNotheld) implement the following interfaces (respectively):
**
** <ul>
................................................................................
  int (*xMutexTry)(sqlite3_mutex *);
  void (*xMutexLeave)(sqlite3_mutex *);
  int (*xMutexHeld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
  int (*xMutexNotheld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verification Routines {F17080}
**
** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines
** are intended for use inside assert() statements. {F17081} The SQLite core
** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications
** are advised to follow the lead of the core.  {F17082} The core only
** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled
** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag.  {A17087} External mutex implementations
** are only required to provide these routines if SQLITE_DEBUG is
** defined and if NDEBUG is not defined.
**
** {F17083} These routines should return true if the mutex in their argument
** is held or not held, respectively, by the calling thread.
**
** {X17084} The implementation is not required to provided versions of these
** routines that actually work. If the implementation does not provide working
** versions of these routines, it should at least provide stubs that always
** return true so that one does not get spurious assertion failures.
**
** {F17085} If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then
** the routine should return 1.  {END} This seems counter-intuitive since
** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist.  But the
** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not
** using mutexes.  And we do not want the assert() containing the
** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is
** the appropriate thing to do.  {F17086} The sqlite3_mutex_notheld()
** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer.
*/
int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types {F17001}
**
** {F17002} The [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] interface takes a single argument
** which is one of these integer constants.
*/
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST             0
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE        1
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER    2
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM       3  /* sqlite3_malloc() */
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2      4  /* sqlite3_release_memory() */
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG      5  /* sqlite3_random() */
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU       6  /* lru page list */
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2      7  /* lru page list */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files {F11300}
**
** {F11301} The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the
** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated
** with a particular database identified by the second argument. {F11302} The
** name of the database is the name assigned to the database by the
** <a href="lang_attach.html">ATTACH</a> SQL command that opened the
** database. {F11303} To control the main database file, use the name "main"
** or a NULL pointer. {F11304} The third and fourth parameters to this routine
** are passed directly through to the second and third parameters of
** the xFileControl method.  {F11305} The return value of the xFileControl
** method becomes the return value of this routine.
**
** {F11306} If the second parameter (zDbName) does not match the name of any
** open database file, then SQLITE_ERROR is returned. {F11307} This error
** code is not remembered and will not be recalled by [sqlite3_errcode()]
** or [sqlite3_errmsg()]. {A11308} The underlying xFileControl method might
** also return SQLITE_ERROR.  {A11309} There is no way to distinguish between
** an incorrect zDbName and an SQLITE_ERROR return from the underlying
** xFileControl method. {END}
**
** See also: [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]
*/
int sqlite3_file_control(sqlite3*, const char *zDbName, int op, void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface {F11400}
**
** The sqlite3_test_control() interface is used to read out internal
** state of SQLite and to inject faults into SQLite for testing
** purposes.  The first parameter is an operation code that determines
** the number, meaning, and operation of all subsequent parameters.
**
** This interface is not for use by applications.  It exists solely
................................................................................
** they take, and what they do are all subject to change without notice.
** Unlike most of the SQLite API, this function is not guaranteed to
** operate consistently from one release to the next.
*/
int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface Operation Codes {F11410}
**
** These constants are the valid operation code parameters used
** as the first argument to [sqlite3_test_control()].
**
** These parameters and their meanings are subject to change
** without notice.  These values are for testing purposes only.
** Applications should not use any of these parameters or the
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE             6
#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESET               7
#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST              8
#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL            9
#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS     10

/*
** CAPI3REF: SQLite Runtime Status {F17200}
**
** This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information
** about the preformance of SQLite, and optionally to reset various
** highwater marks.  The first argument is an integer code for
** the specific parameter to measure.  Recognized integer codes
** are of the form [SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED | SQLITE_STATUS_...].
** The current value of the parameter is returned into *pCurrent.
................................................................................
**
** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
** removal in future releases of SQLite.
*/
int sqlite3_status(int op, int *pCurrent, int *pHighwater, int resetFlag);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters {F17250}
**
** These integer constants designate various run-time status parameters
** that can be returned by [sqlite3_status()].
**
** <dl>
** <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED</dt>
** <dd>This parameter is the current amount of memory checked out

** on how SQLite interfaces are suppose to operate.
**
** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
** part of the build process.
**
** @(#) $Id: sqlite.h.in,v 1.373 2008/07/22 18:45:09 drh Exp $
*/
#ifndef _SQLITE3_H_
#define _SQLITE3_H_
#include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */

/*
** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
................................................................................
# undef SQLITE_VERSION
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
# undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
#endif

/*
** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers {H10010}<S60100>
**
** The SQLITE_VERSION and SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER #defines in
** the sqlite3.h file specify the version of SQLite with which
** that header file is associated.
**
** The "version" of SQLite is a string of the form "X.Y.Z".
** The phrase "alpha" or "beta" might be appended after the Z.
................................................................................
** The Z value is the release number and is incremented with
** each release but resets back to 0 whenever Y is incremented.
**
** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()] and [sqlite3_libversion_number()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H10011} The SQLITE_VERSION #define in the sqlite3.h header file shall
**          evaluate to a string literal that is the SQLite version
**          with which the header file is associated. <S60100>
**
** {H10014} The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER #define shall resolve to an integer
**          with the value (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z) where X, Y, and Z
**          are the major version, minor version, and release number.
**          <S60100>
*/
#define SQLITE_VERSION         "--VERS--"
#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER  --VERSION-NUMBER--

/*
** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers {H10020} <S60100>
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version
**
** These features provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION]
** and [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER] #defines in the header, but are associated
** with the library instead of the header file.  Cautious programmers might
** include a check in their application to verify that
** sqlite3_libversion_number() always returns the value
................................................................................
** The sqlite3_libversion() function returns the same information as is
** in the sqlite3_version[] string constant.  The function is provided
** for use in DLLs since DLL users usually do not have direct access to string
** constants within the DLL.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H10021} The [sqlite3_libversion_number()] interface shall return
**          an integer equal to [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER]. <S60100>
**
** {H10022} The [sqlite3_version] string constant shall contain
**          the text of the [SQLITE_VERSION] string. <S60100>
**
** {H10023} The [sqlite3_libversion()] function shall return
**          a pointer to the [sqlite3_version] string constant. <S60100>
*/
SQLITE_EXTERN const char sqlite3_version[];
const char *sqlite3_libversion(void);
int sqlite3_libversion_number(void);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe {H10100} <S60100>
**
** SQLite can be compiled with or without mutexes.  When
** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] C preprocessor macro is true, mutexes
** are enabled and SQLite is threadsafe.  When that macro is false,
** the mutexes are omitted.  Without the mutexes, it is not safe
** to use SQLite concurrently from more than one thread.
**
................................................................................
** with the verbs [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD],
** or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX].  The return value of this function shows
** only the default compile-time setting, not any run-time changes
** to that setting.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H10101} The [sqlite3_threadsafe()] function shall return nonzero if
**          SQLite was compiled with the its mutexes enabled by default
**          or zero if SQLite was compiled such that mutexes are
**          permanently disabled. <S60100>
**
** {H10102} The value returned by the [sqlite3_threadsafe()] function
**          shall not change when mutex setting are modified at
**          runtime using the [sqlite3_config()] interface and 
**          especially the [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD],
**          [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED],
**          and [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] verbs. <S60100>
*/
int sqlite3_threadsafe(void);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle {H12000}
** KEYWORDS: {database connection} {database connections}
**
** Each open SQLite database is represented by a pointer to an instance of
** the opaque structure named "sqlite3".  It is useful to think of an sqlite3
** pointer as an object.  The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors, and [sqlite3_close()]
** is its destructor.  There are many other interfaces (such as
................................................................................
** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and
** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on an
** sqlite3 object.
*/
typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3;

/*
** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types {H10200}
** KEYWORDS: sqlite_int64 sqlite_uint64
**
** Because there is no cross-platform way to specify 64-bit integer types
** SQLite includes typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers.
**
** The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite3_uint64 are the preferred type definitions.
** The sqlite_int64 and sqlite_uint64 types are supported for backwards
** compatibility only.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H10201} The [sqlite_int64] and [sqlite3_int64] type shall specify
**          a 64-bit signed integer.
**
** {H10202} The [sqlite_uint64] and [sqlite3_uint64] type shall specify
**          a 64-bit unsigned integer.
*/
#ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE
  typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64;
  typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
#elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
  typedef __int64 sqlite_int64;
................................................................................
** substitute integer for floating-point.
*/
#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
# define double sqlite3_int64
#endif

/*
** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection {H12010}
**
** This routine is the destructor for the [sqlite3] object.
**
** Applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all [prepared statements]
** and [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [BLOB handles] associated with
** the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object.
** The [sqlite3_next_stmt()] interface can be used to locate all
................................................................................
** </pre></blockquote>
**
** If [sqlite3_close()] is invoked while a transaction is open,
** the transaction is automatically rolled back.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12011} A successful call to [sqlite3_close(C)] shall destroy the
**          [database connection] object C.
**
** {H12012} A successful call to [sqlite3_close(C)] shall return SQLITE_OK.
**
** {H12013} A successful call to [sqlite3_close(C)] shall release all
**          memory and system resources associated with [database connection]
**          C.
**
** {H12014} A call to [sqlite3_close(C)] on a [database connection] C that
**          has one or more open [prepared statements] shall fail with
**          an [SQLITE_BUSY] error code.
**
** {H12015} A call to [sqlite3_close(C)] where C is a NULL pointer shall
**          return SQLITE_OK.
**
** {H12019} When [sqlite3_close(C)] is invoked on a [database connection] C
**          that has a pending transaction, the transaction shall be
**          rolled back.
**
** ASSUMPTIONS:
**
** {A12016} The C parameter to [sqlite3_close(C)] must be either a NULL
**          pointer or an [sqlite3] object pointer previously obtained
**          from [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or
**          [sqlite3_open_v2()], and not previously closed.
*/
int sqlite3_close(sqlite3 *);
................................................................................
** The type for a callback function.
** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
** compatibility and is not documented.
*/
typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);

/*
** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface {H12100}
**
** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenient way of running one or more
** SQL statements without having to write a lot of C code.  The UTF-8 encoded
** SQL statements are passed in as the second parameter to sqlite3_exec().
** The statements are evaluated one by one until either an error or
** an interrupt is encountered, or until they are all done.  The 3rd parameter
** is an optional callback that is invoked once for each row of any query
................................................................................
** The sqlite3_exec() interface is implemented in terms of
** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()].
** The sqlite3_exec() routine does nothing to the database that cannot be done
** by [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12101} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)]
**          shall sequentially evaluate all of the UTF-8 encoded,
**          semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated
**          string S within the context of the [database connection] D.
**
** {H12102} If the S parameter to [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)] is NULL then
**          the actions of the interface shall be the same as if the
**          S parameter were an empty string.
**
** {H12104} The return value of [sqlite3_exec()] shall be [SQLITE_OK] if all
**          SQL statements run successfully and to completion.
**
** {H12105} The return value of [sqlite3_exec()] shall be an appropriate
**          non-zero [error code] if any SQL statement fails.
**
** {H12107} If one or more of the SQL statements handed to [sqlite3_exec()]
**          return results and the 3rd parameter is not NULL, then
**          the callback function specified by the 3rd parameter shall be
**          invoked once for each row of result.
**
** {H12110} If the callback returns a non-zero value then [sqlite3_exec()]
**          shall abort the SQL statement it is currently evaluating,
**          skip all subsequent SQL statements, and return [SQLITE_ABORT].
**
** {H12113} The [sqlite3_exec()] routine shall pass its 4th parameter through
**          as the 1st parameter of the callback.
**
** {H12116} The [sqlite3_exec()] routine shall set the 2nd parameter of its
**          callback to be the number of columns in the current row of
**          result.
**
** {H12119} The [sqlite3_exec()] routine shall set the 3rd parameter of its
**          callback to be an array of pointers to strings holding the
**          values for each column in the current result set row as
**          obtained from [sqlite3_column_text()].
**
** {H12122} The [sqlite3_exec()] routine shall set the 4th parameter of its
**          callback to be an array of pointers to strings holding the
**          names of result columns as obtained from [sqlite3_column_name()].
**
** {H12125} If the 3rd parameter to [sqlite3_exec()] is NULL then
**          [sqlite3_exec()] shall silently discard query results.
**
** {H12131} If an error occurs while parsing or evaluating any of the SQL
**          statements in the S parameter of [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)] and if
**          the E parameter is not NULL, then [sqlite3_exec()] shall store
**          in *E an appropriate error message written into memory obtained
**          from [sqlite3_malloc()].
**
** {H12134} The [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)] routine shall set the value of
**          *E to NULL if E is not NULL and there are no errors.
**
** {H12137} The [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)] function shall set the [error code]
**          and message accessible via [sqlite3_errcode()],
**          [sqlite3_errmsg()], and [sqlite3_errmsg16()].
**
** {H12138} If the S parameter to [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)] is NULL or an
**          empty string or contains nothing other than whitespace, comments,
**          and/or semicolons, then results of [sqlite3_errcode()],
**          [sqlite3_errmsg()], and [sqlite3_errmsg16()]
**          shall reset to indicate no errors.
**
** ASSUMPTIONS:
**
** {A12141} The first parameter to [sqlite3_exec()] must be an valid and open
**          [database connection].
**
** {A12142} The database connection must not be closed while
**          [sqlite3_exec()] is running.
**
................................................................................
  const char *sql,                           /* SQL to be evaluated */
  int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**),  /* Callback function */
  void *,                                    /* 1st argument to callback */
  char **errmsg                              /* Error msg written here */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Result Codes {H10210}
** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_OK {error code} {error codes}
** KEYWORDS: {result code} {result codes}
**
** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown
** here in order to indicates success or failure.
**
** New error codes may be added in future versions of SQLite.
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_RANGE       25   /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */
#define SQLITE_NOTADB      26   /* File opened that is not a database file */
#define SQLITE_ROW         100  /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */
#define SQLITE_DONE        101  /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */
/* end-of-error-codes */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes {H10220}
** KEYWORDS: {extended error code} {extended error codes}
** KEYWORDS: {extended result code} {extended result codes}
**
** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 26 integer
** [SQLITE_OK | result codes].  However, experience has shown that many of
** these result codes are too coarse-grained.  They do not provide as
** much information about problems as programmers might like.  In an effort to
................................................................................
** to see new result codes in future releases of SQLite.
**
** The SQLITE_OK result code will never be extended.  It will always
** be exactly zero.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H10223} The symbolic name for an extended result code shall contains
**          a related primary result code as a prefix.
**
** {H10224} Primary result code names shall contain a single "_" character.
**
** {H10225} Extended result code names shall contain two or more "_" characters.
**
** {H10226} The numeric value of an extended result code shall contain the
**          numeric value of its corresponding primary result code in
**          its least significant 8 bits.
*/
#define SQLITE_IOERR_READ              (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ        (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC             (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8))
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE            (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED           (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM             (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS            (SQLITE_IOERR | (13<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (14<<8))

/*
** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations {H10230}
**
** These bit values are intended for use in the
** 3rd parameter to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and
** in the 4th parameter to the xOpen method of the
** [sqlite3_vfs] object.
*/
#define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY         0x00000001
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL     0x00000800
#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL     0x00001000
#define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL       0x00002000
#define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL   0x00004000
#define SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX          0x00008000

/*
** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics {H10240}
**
** The xDeviceCapabilities method of the [sqlite3_io_methods]
** object returns an integer which is a vector of the these
** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage
** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods]
** refers to.
**
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K       0x00000040
#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K       0x00000080
#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K       0x00000100
#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND     0x00000200
#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL      0x00000400

/*
** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels {H10250}
**
** SQLite uses one of these integer values as the second
** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods
** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object.
*/
#define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE          0
#define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED        1
#define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED      2
#define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING       3
#define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE     4

/*
** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags {H10260}
**
** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an
** [sqlite3_io_methods] object it uses a combination of
** these integer values as the second argument.
**
** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the
** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage.  Inode
................................................................................
** to use Mac OS-X style fullsync instead of fsync().
*/
#define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL        0x00002
#define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL          0x00003
#define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY      0x00010

/*
** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle {H11110}
**
** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the OS
** interface layer.  Individual OS interface implementations will
** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields
** for their own use.  The pMethods entry is a pointer to an
** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing
** I/O operations on the open file.
................................................................................
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file;
struct sqlite3_file {
  const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods;  /* Methods for an open file */
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object {H11120}
**
** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs] xOpen method populates an
** [sqlite3_file] object (or, more commonly, a subclass of the
** [sqlite3_file] object) with a pointer to an instance of this object.
** This object defines the methods used to perform various operations
** against the open file represented by the [sqlite3_file] object.
**
................................................................................
  int (*xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
  int (*xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*);
  int (*xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*);
  /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes {H11310}
**
** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method
** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and for the [sqlite3_file_control()]
** interface.
**
** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
** opcode causes the xFileControl method to write the current state of
................................................................................
** into an integer that the pArg argument points to. This capability
** is used during testing and only needs to be supported when SQLITE_TEST
** is defined.
*/
#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE        1

/*
** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle {H17110}
**
** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an
** abstract type for a mutex object.  The SQLite core never looks
** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex].  It only
** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object.
**
** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()].
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex;

/*
** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object {H11140}
**
** An instance of the sqlite3_vfs object defines the interface between
** the SQLite core and the underlying operating system.  The "vfs"
** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system".
**
** The value of the iVersion field is initially 1 but may be larger in
** future versions of SQLite.  Additional fields may be appended to this
................................................................................
** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex.
** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs
** object once the object has been registered.
**
** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module.  The name must
** be unique across all VFS modules.
**
** {H11141} SQLite will guarantee that the zFilename parameter to xOpen
** is either a NULL pointer or string obtained
** from xFullPathname().  SQLite further guarantees that
** the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is
** called. {END}  Becasue of the previous sentense, 
** the [sqlite3_file] can safely store a pointer to the
** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason.
** If the zFilename parameter is xOpen is a NULL pointer then xOpen
** must invite its own temporary name for the file.  Whenever the 
** xFilename parameter is NULL it will also be the case that the
** flags parameter will include [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE].
**
** {H11142} The flags argument to xOpen() includes all bits set in
** the flags argument to [sqlite3_open_v2()].  Or if [sqlite3_open()]
** or [sqlite3_open16()] is used, then flags includes at least
** [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]. {END}
** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to
** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY].  Other bits in *pOutFlags may be set.
**
** {H11143} SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen()
** call, depending on the object being opened:
**
** <ul>
** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB]
** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL]
** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB]
** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL]
................................................................................
** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen method:
**
** <ul>
** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]
** </ul>
**
** {H11145} The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be
** deleted when it is closed.  {H11146} The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
** will be set for TEMP  databases, journals and for subjournals.
**
** {H11147} The [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag means the file should be opened
** for exclusive access.  This flag is set for all files except
** for the main database file.
**
** {H11148} At least szOsFile bytes of memory are allocated by SQLite
** to hold the  [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third
** argument to xOpen. {END}  The xOpen method does not have to
** allocate the structure; it should just fill it in.
**
** {H11149} The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS]
** to test for the existence of a file, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to
** test whether a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ]
** to test whether a file is at least readable. {END}  The file can be a
** directory.
**
** {H11150} SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 bytes for the
** output buffer xFullPathname. {H11151} The exact size of the output buffer
** is also passed as a parameter to both  methods. {END}  If the output buffer
** is not large enough, [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] should be returned. Since this is
** handled as a fatal error by SQLite, vfs implementations should endeavor
** to prevent this by setting mxPathname to a sufficiently large value.
**
** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), and xCurrentTime() interfaces
** are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are
................................................................................
  int (*xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
  int (*xGetLastError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char *);
  /* New fields may be appended in figure versions.  The iVersion
  ** value will increment whenever this happens. */
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method {H11190}
**
** {H11191} These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to
** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object. {END}  They determine
** what kind of permissions the xAccess method is looking for.
** {H11192} With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method
** simply checks whether the file exists.
** {H11193} With SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, the xAccess method
** checks whether the file is both readable and writable.
** {H11194} With SQLITE_ACCESS_READ, the xAccess method
** checks whether the file is readable.
*/
#define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS    0
#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1
#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ      2

/*
** CAPI3REF: Initialize The SQLite Library {H10130}
**
** The sqlite3_initialize() routine initializes the
** SQLite library.  The sqlite3_shutdown() routine
** deallocates any resources that were allocated by sqlite3_initialize().
**
** A call to sqlite3_initialize() is an "effective" call if it is
** the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked during the lifetime of
................................................................................
*/
int sqlite3_initialize(void);
int sqlite3_shutdown(void);
int sqlite3_os_init(void);
int sqlite3_os_end(void);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Configuring The SQLite Library {H10145}
**
** The sqlite3_config() interface is used to make global configuration
** changes to SQLite in order to tune SQLite to the specific needs of
** the application.  The default configuration is recommended for most
** applications and so this routine is usually not necessary.  It is
** provided to support rare applications with unusual needs.
**
................................................................................
** The sqlite3_config() interface is considered experimental in that
** new configuration options may be added in future releases and existing
** configuration options may be discontinued or modified.
*/
int sqlite3_config(int, ...);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Routines {H10155}
**
** An instance of this object defines the interface between SQLite
** and low-level memory allocation routines.
**
** This object is used in only one place in the SQLite interface.
** A pointer to an instance of this object is the argument to
** [sqlite3_config()] when the configuration option is
................................................................................
  int (*xRoundup)(int);          /* Round up request size to allocation size */
  int (*xInit)(void*);           /* Initialize the memory allocator */
  void (*xShutdown)(void*);      /* Deinitialize the memory allocator */
  void *pAppData;                /* Argument to xInit() and xShutdown() */
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options {H10160}
**
** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
** can be passed as the first argument to the [sqlite3_config()] interface.
**
** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
** should check the return code from [sqlite3_config()] to make sure that
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP          8  /* void*, int nByte, int min */
#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS     9  /* boolean */
#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX        10  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX     11  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */


/*
** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes {H12200}
**
** The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. The extended result
** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility considerations.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12201} Each new [database connection] shall have the
**          [extended result codes] feature disabled by default.
**
** {H12202} The [sqlite3_extended_result_codes(D,F)] interface shall enable
**          [extended result codes] for the  [database connection] D
**          if the F parameter is true, or disable them if F is false.
*/
int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid {H12220}
**
** Each entry in an SQLite table has a unique 64-bit signed
** integer key called the "rowid". The rowid is always available
** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those
** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. If
** the table has a column of type INTEGER PRIMARY KEY then that column
** is another alias for the rowid.
................................................................................
** the return value of this interface.
**
** For the purposes of this routine, an INSERT is considered to
** be successful even if it is subsequently rolled back.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12221} The [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] function returns the rowid
**          of the most recent successful INSERT performed on the same
**          [database connection] and within the same or higher level
**          trigger context, or zero if there have been no qualifying inserts.
**
** {H12223} The [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] function returns the
**          same value when called from the same trigger context
**          immediately before and after a ROLLBACK.
**
** ASSUMPTIONS:
**
** {A12232} If a separate thread performs a new INSERT on the same
**          database connection while the [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()]
**          function is running and thus changes the last insert rowid,
**          then the value returned by [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] is
**          unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new
**          last insert rowid.
*/
sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified {H12240}
**
** This function returns the number of database rows that were changed
** or inserted or deleted by the most recently completed SQL statement
** on the [database connection] specified by the first parameter.
** Only changes that are directly specified by the INSERT, UPDATE,
** or DELETE statement are counted.  Auxiliary changes caused by
** triggers are not counted. Use the [sqlite3_total_changes()] function
................................................................................
** will not be counted by the sqlite3_changes() or [sqlite3_total_changes()]
** functions, regardless of the number of elements that were originally
** in the table.  To get an accurate count of the number of rows deleted, use
** "DELETE FROM table WHERE 1" instead.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12241} The [sqlite3_changes()] function shall return the number of
**          row changes caused by the most recent INSERT, UPDATE,
**          or DELETE statement on the same database connection and
**          within the same or higher trigger context, or zero if there have
**          not been any qualifying row changes.
**
** {H12243} Statements of the form "DELETE FROM tablename" with no
**          WHERE clause shall cause subsequent calls to
**          [sqlite3_changes()] to return zero, regardless of the
**          number of rows originally in the table.
**
** ASSUMPTIONS:
**
** {A12252} If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
**          while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned
**          is unpredictable and not meaningful.
*/
int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified {H12260}
**
** This function returns the number of row changes caused by INSERT,
** UPDATE or DELETE statements since the [database connection] was opened.
** The count includes all changes from all trigger contexts.  However,
** the count does not include changes used to implement REPLACE constraints,
** do rollbacks or ABORT processing, or DROP table processing.
** The changes are counted as soon as the statement that makes them is
................................................................................
** in the table.  To get an accurate count of the number of rows deleted, use
** "DELETE FROM table WHERE 1" instead.
**
** See also the [sqlite3_changes()] interface.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12261} The [sqlite3_total_changes()] returns the total number
**          of row changes caused by INSERT, UPDATE, and/or DELETE
**          statements on the same [database connection], in any
**          trigger context, since the database connection was created.
**
** {H12263} Statements of the form "DELETE FROM tablename" with no
**          WHERE clause shall not change the value returned
**          by [sqlite3_total_changes()].
**
** ASSUMPTIONS:
**
** {A12264} If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
**          while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value
**          returned is unpredictable and not meaningful.
*/
int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query {H12270}
**
** This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically
** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
** immediately.
**
................................................................................
** will be rolled back automatically.
**
** A call to sqlite3_interrupt() has no effect on SQL statements
** that are started after sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12271} The [sqlite3_interrupt()] interface will force all running
**          SQL statements associated with the same database connection
**          to halt after processing at most one additional row of data.
**
** {H12272} Any SQL statement that is interrupted by [sqlite3_interrupt()]
**          will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].
**
** ASSUMPTIONS:
**
** {A12279} If the database connection closes while [sqlite3_interrupt()]
**          is running then bad things will likely happen.
*/
void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete {H10510}
**
** These routines are useful for command-line input to determine if the
** currently entered text seems to form complete a SQL statement or
** if additional input is needed before sending the text into
** SQLite for parsing.  These routines return true if the input string
** appears to be a complete SQL statement.  A statement is judged to be
** complete if it ends with a semicolon token and is not a fragment of a
................................................................................
** embedded) and thus do not count as a statement terminator.
**
** These routines do not parse the SQL statements thus
** will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H10511} A successful evaluation of [sqlite3_complete()] or
**          [sqlite3_complete16()] functions shall
**          return a numeric 1 if and only if the last non-whitespace
**          token in their input is a semicolon that is not in between
**          the BEGIN and END of a CREATE TRIGGER statement.
**
** {H10512} If a memory allocation error occurs during an invocation
**          of [sqlite3_complete()] or [sqlite3_complete16()] then the
**          routine shall return [SQLITE_NOMEM].
**
** ASSUMPTIONS:
**
** {A10512} The input to [sqlite3_complete()] must be a zero-terminated
**          UTF-8 string.
**
** {A10513} The input to [sqlite3_complete16()] must be a zero-terminated
**          UTF-16 string in native byte order.
*/
int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors {H12310}
**
** This routine sets a callback function that might be invoked whenever
** an attempt is made to open a database table that another thread
** or process has locked.
**
** If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED]
** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock. If the busy callback
................................................................................
** There can only be a single busy handler defined for each
** [database connection].  Setting a new busy handler clears any
** previously set handler.  Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()]
** will also set or clear the busy handler.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12311} The [sqlite3_busy_handler(D,C,A)] function shall replace
**          busy callback in the [database connection] D with a new
**          a new busy handler C and application data pointer A.
**
** {H12312} Newly created [database connections] shall have a busy
**          handler of NULL.
**
** {H12314} When two or more [database connections] share a
**          [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache | common cache],
**          the busy handler for the database connection currently using
**          the cache shall be invoked when the cache encounters a lock.
**
** {H12316} If a busy handler callback returns zero, then the SQLite interface
**          that provoked the locking event shall return [SQLITE_BUSY].
**
** {H12318} SQLite shall invokes the busy handler with two arguments which
**          are a copy of the pointer supplied by the 3rd parameter to
**          [sqlite3_busy_handler()] and a count of the number of prior
**          invocations of the busy handler for the same locking event.
**
** ASSUMPTIONS:
**
** {A12319} A busy handler must not close the database connection
**          or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler.
*/
int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*,int), void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout {H12340}
**
** This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps
** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked.  The handler
** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping
** have accumulated. {H12343} After "ms" milliseconds of sleeping,
** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return
** [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED].
**
** Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero
** turns off all busy handlers.
**
** There can only be a single busy handler for a particular
** [database connection] any any given moment.  If another busy handler
** was defined  (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling
** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12341} The [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] function shall override any prior
**          [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] or [sqlite3_busy_handler()] setting
**          on the same [database connection].
**
** {H12343} If the 2nd parameter to [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] is less than
**          or equal to zero, then the busy handler shall be cleared so that
**          all subsequent locking events immediately return [SQLITE_BUSY].
**
** {H12344} If the 2nd parameter to [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] is a positive
**          number N, then a busy handler shall be set that repeatedly calls
**          the xSleep() method in the [sqlite3_vfs | VFS interface] until
**          either the lock clears or until the cumulative sleep time
**          reported back by xSleep() exceeds N milliseconds.
*/
int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries {H12370}
**
** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is memory data structure created by the
** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface.  A result table records the
** complete query results from one or more queries.
**
** The table conceptually has a number of rows and columns.  But
** these numbers are not part of the result table itself.  These
................................................................................
** to any internal data structures of SQLite.  It uses only the public
** interface defined here.  As a consequence, errors that occur in the
** wrapper layer outside of the internal [sqlite3_exec()] call are not
** reflected in subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] or [sqlite3_errmsg()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12371} If a [sqlite3_get_table()] fails a memory allocation, then
**          it shall free the result table under construction, abort the
**          query in process, skip any subsequent queries, set the
**          *pazResult output pointer to NULL and return [SQLITE_NOMEM].
**
** {H12373} If the pnColumn parameter to [sqlite3_get_table()] is not NULL
**          then a successful invocation of [sqlite3_get_table()] shall
**          write the number of columns in the
**          result set of the query into *pnColumn.
**
** {H12374} If the pnRow parameter to [sqlite3_get_table()] is not NULL
**          then a successful invocation of [sqlite3_get_table()] shall
**          writes the number of rows in the
**          result set of the query into *pnRow.
**
** {H12376} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_get_table()] that computes
**          N rows of result with C columns per row shall make *pazResult
**          point to an array of pointers to (N+1)*C strings where the first
**          C strings are column names as obtained from
**          [sqlite3_column_name()] and the rest are column result values
**          obtained from [sqlite3_column_text()].
**
** {H12379} The values in the pazResult array returned by [sqlite3_get_table()]
**          shall remain valid until cleared by [sqlite3_free_table()].
**
** {H12382} When an error occurs during evaluation of [sqlite3_get_table()]
**          the function shall set *pazResult to NULL, write an error message
**          into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()], make
**          **pzErrmsg point to that error message, and return a
**          appropriate [error code].
*/
int sqlite3_get_table(
  sqlite3 *db,          /* An open database */
................................................................................
  int *pnRow,           /* Number of result rows written here */
  int *pnColumn,        /* Number of result columns written here */
  char **pzErrmsg       /* Error msg written here */
);
void sqlite3_free_table(char **result);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions {H17400}
**
** These routines are workalikes of the "printf()" family of functions
** from the standard C library.
**
** The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their
** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].
** The strings returned by these two routines should be
................................................................................
**
** The "%z" formatting option works exactly like "%s" with the
** addition that after the string has been read and copied into
** the result, [sqlite3_free()] is called on the input string. {END}
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H17403}  The [sqlite3_mprintf()] and [sqlite3_vmprintf()] interfaces
**           return either pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings held in
**           memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()] or NULL pointers if
**           a call to [sqlite3_malloc()] fails.
**
** {H17406}  The [sqlite3_snprintf()] interface writes a zero-terminated
**           UTF-8 string into the buffer pointed to by the second parameter
**           provided that the first parameter is greater than zero.
**
** {H17407}  The [sqlite3_snprintf()] interface does not write slots of
**           its output buffer (the second parameter) outside the range
**           of 0 through N-1 (where N is the first parameter)
**           regardless of the length of the string
**           requested by the format specification.
*/
char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...);
char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list);
char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem {H17300}
**
** The SQLite core  uses these three routines for all of its own
** internal memory allocation needs. "Core" in the previous sentence
** does not include operating-system specific VFS implementation.  The
** Windows VFS uses native malloc() and free() for some operations.
**
** The sqlite3_malloc() routine returns a pointer to a block
................................................................................
** is not freed.
**
** The memory returned by sqlite3_malloc() and sqlite3_realloc()
** is always aligned to at least an 8 byte boundary. {END}
**
** The default implementation of the memory allocation subsystem uses
** the malloc(), realloc() and free() provided by the standard C library.
** {H17382} However, if SQLite is compiled with the
** SQLITE_MEMORY_SIZE=<i>NNN</i> C preprocessor macro (where <i>NNN</i>
** is an integer), then SQLite create a static array of at least
** <i>NNN</i> bytes in size and uses that array for all of its dynamic
** memory allocation needs. {END}  Additional memory allocator options
** may be added in future releases.
**
** In SQLite version 3.5.0 and 3.5.1, it was possible to define
................................................................................
** and whatever filename encoding is used by the particular Windows
** installation.  Memory allocation errors are detected, but
** they are reported back as [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] or
** [SQLITE_IOERR] rather than [SQLITE_NOMEM].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H17303}  The [sqlite3_malloc(N)] interface returns either a pointer to
**           a newly checked-out block of at least N bytes of memory
**           that is 8-byte aligned, or it returns NULL if it is unable
**           to fulfill the request.
**
** {H17304}  The [sqlite3_malloc(N)] interface returns a NULL pointer if
**           N is less than or equal to zero.
**
** {H17305}  The [sqlite3_free(P)] interface releases memory previously
**           returned from [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()],
**           making it available for reuse.
**
** {H17306}  A call to [sqlite3_free(NULL)] is a harmless no-op.
**
** {H17310}  A call to [sqlite3_realloc(0,N)] is equivalent to a call
**           to [sqlite3_malloc(N)].
**
** {H17312}  A call to [sqlite3_realloc(P,0)] is equivalent to a call
**           to [sqlite3_free(P)].
**
** {H17315}  The SQLite core uses [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_realloc()],
**           and [sqlite3_free()] for all of its memory allocation and
**           deallocation needs.
**
** {H17318}  The [sqlite3_realloc(P,N)] interface returns either a pointer
**           to a block of checked-out memory of at least N bytes in size
**           that is 8-byte aligned, or a NULL pointer.
**
** {H17321}  When [sqlite3_realloc(P,N)] returns a non-NULL pointer, it first
**           copies the first K bytes of content from P into the newly
**           allocated block, where K is the lesser of N and the size of
**           the buffer P.
**
** {H17322}  When [sqlite3_realloc(P,N)] returns a non-NULL pointer, it first
**           releases the buffer P.
**
** {H17323}  When [sqlite3_realloc(P,N)] returns NULL, the buffer P is
**           not modified or released.
**
** ASSUMPTIONS:
**
** {A17350}  The pointer arguments to [sqlite3_free()] and [sqlite3_realloc()]
**           must be either NULL or else pointers obtained from a prior
**           invocation of [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that have
**           not yet been released.
**
** {A17351}  The application must not read or write any part of
................................................................................
**           [sqlite3_free()] or [sqlite3_realloc()].
*/
void *sqlite3_malloc(int);
void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int);
void sqlite3_free(void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics {H17370}
**
** SQLite provides these two interfaces for reporting on the status
** of the [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()]
** routines, which form the built-in memory allocation subsystem.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H17371} The [sqlite3_memory_used()] routine returns the number of bytes
**          of memory currently outstanding (malloced but not freed).
**
** {H17373} The [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] routine returns the maximum
**          value of [sqlite3_memory_used()] since the high-water mark
**          was last reset.
**
** {H17374} The values returned by [sqlite3_memory_used()] and
**          [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] include any overhead
**          added by SQLite in its implementation of [sqlite3_malloc()],
**          but not overhead added by the any underlying system library
**          routines that [sqlite3_malloc()] may call.
**
** {H17375} The memory high-water mark is reset to the current value of
**          [sqlite3_memory_used()] if and only if the parameter to
**          [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] is true.  The value returned
**          by [sqlite3_memory_highwater(1)] is the high-water mark
**          prior to the reset.
*/
sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void);
sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Pseudo-Random Number Generator {H17390}
**
** SQLite contains a high-quality pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) used to
** select random ROWIDs when inserting new records into a table that
** already uses the largest possible ROWID.  The PRNG is also used for
** the build-in random() and randomblob() SQL functions.  This interface allows
** applications to access the same PRNG for other purposes.
**
................................................................................
** from the xRandomness method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
** On all subsequent invocations, the pseudo-randomness is generated
** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness
** method.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H17392} The [sqlite3_randomness(N,P)] interface writes N bytes of
**          high-quality pseudo-randomness into buffer P.
*/
void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks {H12500}
**
** This routine registers a authorizer callback with a particular
** [database connection], supplied in the first argument.
** The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
** [sqlite3_prepare16()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].  At various
** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created
................................................................................
**
** Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during
** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants.  Authorization is not
** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12501} The [sqlite3_set_authorizer(D,...)] interface registers a
**          authorizer callback with database connection D.
**
** {H12502} The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are
**          being compiled.
**
** {H12503} If the authorizer callback returns any value other than
**          [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY], then
**          the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that caused
**          the authorizer callback to run shall fail with an
**          [SQLITE_ERROR] error code and an appropriate error message.
**
** {H12504} When the authorizer callback returns [SQLITE_OK], the operation
**          described is processed normally.
**
** {H12505} When the authorizer callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
**          [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that caused the
**          authorizer callback to run shall fail
**          with an [SQLITE_ERROR] error code and an error message
**          explaining that access is denied.
**
** {H12506} If the authorizer code (the 2nd parameter to the authorizer
**          callback) is [SQLITE_READ] and the authorizer callback returns
**          [SQLITE_IGNORE], then the prepared statement is constructed to
**          insert a NULL value in place of the table column that would have
**          been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned.
**
** {H12507} If the authorizer code (the 2nd parameter to the authorizer
**          callback) is anything other than [SQLITE_READ], then
**          a return of [SQLITE_IGNORE] has the same effect as [SQLITE_DENY].
**
** {H12510} The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of
**          the third parameter to the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface.
**
** {H12511} The second parameter to the callback is an integer
**          [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies the particular action
**          to be authorized.
**
** {H12512} The third through sixth parameters to the callback are
**          zero-terminated strings that contain
**          additional details about the action to be authorized.
**
** {H12520} Each call to [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] overrides
**          any previously installed authorizer.
**
** {H12521} A NULL authorizer means that no authorization
**          callback is invoked.
**
** {H12522} The default authorizer is NULL.
*/
int sqlite3_set_authorizer(
  sqlite3*,
  int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*),
  void *pUserData
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes {H12590}
**
** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must
** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order
** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted.  See the
** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional
** information.
*/
#define SQLITE_DENY   1   /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */
#define SQLITE_IGNORE 2   /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes {H12550}
**
** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function
** that is invoked to authorize certain SQL statement actions.  The
** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies
** what action is being authorized.  These are the integer action codes that
** the authorizer callback may be passed.
**
................................................................................
** etc.) if applicable.  The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback
** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
** top-level SQL code.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12551} The second parameter to an
**          [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback] is always an integer
**          [SQLITE_COPY | authorizer code] that specifies what action
**          is being authorized.
**
** {H12552} The 3rd and 4th parameters to the
**          [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorization callback]
**          will be parameters or NULL depending on which
**          [SQLITE_COPY | authorizer code] is used as the second parameter.
**
** {H12553} The 5th parameter to the
**          [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback] is the name
**          of the database (example: "main", "temp", etc.) if applicable.
**
** {H12554} The 6th parameter to the
**          [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback] is the name
**          of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
**          the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
**          top-level SQL code.
*/
/******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/
#define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX          1   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_ANALYZE              28   /* Table Name      NULL            */
#define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE        29   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
#define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE          30   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
#define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* Function Name   NULL            */
#define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions {H12280}
**
** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
**
** The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at
** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()].
** The callback returns a UTF-8 rendering of the SQL statement text
................................................................................
** The trigger reporting feature of the trace callback is considered
** experimental and is subject to change or removal in future releases.
** Future versions of SQLite might also add new trace callback
** invocations.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12281} The callback function registered by [sqlite3_trace()] is
**          whenever an SQL statement first begins to execute and
**          whenever a trigger subprogram first begins to run.
**
** {H12282} Each call to [sqlite3_trace()] overrides the previously
**          registered trace callback.
**
** {H12283} A NULL trace callback disables tracing.
**
** {H12284} The first argument to the trace callback is a copy of
**          the pointer which was the 3rd argument to [sqlite3_trace()].
**
** {H12285} The second argument to the trace callback is a
**          zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the original text
**          of the SQL statement as it was passed into [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]
**          or the equivalent, or an SQL comment indicating the beginning
**          of a trigger subprogram.
**
** {H12287} The callback function registered by [sqlite3_profile()] is invoked
**          as each SQL statement finishes.
**
** {H12288} The first parameter to the profile callback is a copy of
**          the 3rd parameter to [sqlite3_profile()].
**
** {H12289} The second parameter to the profile callback is a
**          zero-terminated UTF-8 string that contains the complete text of
**          the SQL statement as it was processed by [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]
**          or the equivalent.
**
** {H12290} The third parameter to the profile callback is an estimate
**          of the number of nanoseconds of wall-clock time required to
**          run the SQL statement from start to finish.
*/
void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*, void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
   void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks {H12910}
**
** This routine configures a callback function - the
** progress callback - that is invoked periodically during long
** running calls to [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()] and
** [sqlite3_get_table()].  An example use for this
** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
**
** If the progress callback returns non-zero, the operation is
** interrupted.  This feature can be used to implement a
** "Cancel" button on a GUI dialog box.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12911} The callback function registered by sqlite3_progress_handler()
**          is invoked periodically during long running calls to
**          [sqlite3_step()].
**
** {H12912} The progress callback is invoked once for every N virtual
**          machine opcodes, where N is the second argument to
**          the [sqlite3_progress_handler()] call that registered
**          the callback.  If N is less than 1, sqlite3_progress_handler()
**          acts as if a NULL progress handler had been specified.
**
** {H12913} The progress callback itself is identified by the third
**          argument to sqlite3_progress_handler().
**
** {H12914} The fourth argument to sqlite3_progress_handler() is a
**          void pointer passed to the progress callback
**          function each time it is invoked.
**
** {H12915} If a call to [sqlite3_step()] results in fewer than N opcodes
**          being executed, then the progress callback is never invoked.
**
** {H12916} Every call to [sqlite3_progress_handler()]
**          overwrites any previously registered progress handler.
**
** {H12917} If the progress handler callback is NULL then no progress
**          handler is invoked.
**
** {H12918} If the progress callback returns a result other than 0, then
**          the behavior is a if [sqlite3_interrupt()] had been called.
*/
void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection {H12700}
**
** These routines open an SQLite database file whose name is given by the
** filename argument. The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for
** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte
** order for sqlite3_open16(). A [database connection] handle is usually
** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs.  The only exception is that
** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object,
................................................................................
** of sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() must be UTF-8, not whatever
** codepage is currently defined.  Filenames containing international
** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into
** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12701} The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
**          [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces create a new
**          [database connection] associated with
**          the database file given in their first parameter.
**
** {H12702} The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8
**          for [sqlite3_open()] and [sqlite3_open_v2()] and as UTF-16
**          in the native byte order for [sqlite3_open16()].
**
** {H12703} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
**          or [sqlite3_open_v2()] writes a pointer to a new
**          [database connection] into *ppDb.
**
** {H12704} The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
**          [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces return [SQLITE_OK] upon success,
**          or an appropriate [error code] on failure.
**
** {H12706} The default text encoding for a new database created using
**          [sqlite3_open()] or [sqlite3_open_v2()] will be UTF-8.
**
** {H12707} The default text encoding for a new database created using
**          [sqlite3_open16()] will be UTF-16.
**
** {H12709} The [sqlite3_open(F,D)] interface is equivalent to
**          [sqlite3_open_v2(F,D,G,0)] where the G parameter is
**          [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]|[SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE].
**
** {H12711} If the G parameter to [sqlite3_open_v2(F,D,G,V)] contains the
**          bit value [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] then the database is opened
**          for reading only.
**
** {H12712} If the G parameter to [sqlite3_open_v2(F,D,G,V)] contains the
**          bit value [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] then the database is opened
**          reading and writing if possible, or for reading only if the
**          file is write protected by the operating system.
**
** {H12713} If the G parameter to [sqlite3_open(v2(F,D,G,V)] omits the
**          bit value [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] and the database does not
**          previously exist, an error is returned.
**
** {H12714} If the G parameter to [sqlite3_open(v2(F,D,G,V)] contains the
**          bit value [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] and the database does not
**          previously exist, then an attempt is made to create and
**          initialize the database.
**
** {H12717} If the filename argument to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
**          or [sqlite3_open_v2()] is ":memory:", then an private,
**          ephemeral, in-memory database is created for the connection.
**          <todo>Is SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE|SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE required
**          in sqlite3_open_v2()?</todo>
**
** {H12719} If the filename is NULL or an empty string, then a private,
**          ephemeral on-disk database will be created.
**          <todo>Is SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE|SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE required
**          in sqlite3_open_v2()?</todo>
**
** {H12721} The [database connection] created by [sqlite3_open_v2(F,D,G,V)]
**          will use the [sqlite3_vfs] object identified by the V parameter,
**          or the default [sqlite3_vfs] object if V is a NULL pointer.
**
** {H12723} Two [database connections] will share a common cache if both were
**          opened with the same VFS while [shared cache mode] was enabled and
**          if both filenames compare equal using memcmp() after having been
**          processed by the [sqlite3_vfs | xFullPathname] method of the VFS.
*/
int sqlite3_open(
  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
................................................................................
  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
  sqlite3 **ppDb,         /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
  int flags,              /* Flags */
  const char *zVfs        /* Name of VFS module to use */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages {H12800}
**
** The sqlite3_errcode() interface returns the numeric [result code] or
** [extended result code] for the most recent failed sqlite3_* API call
** associated with a [database connection]. If a prior API call failed
** but the most recent API call succeeded, the return value from
** sqlite3_errcode() is undefined.
**
................................................................................
**
** If an interface fails with SQLITE_MISUSE, that means the interface
** was invoked incorrectly by the application.  In that case, the
** error code and message may or may not be set.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12801} The [sqlite3_errcode(D)] interface returns the numeric
**          [result code] or [extended result code] for the most recently
**          failed interface call associated with the [database connection] D.
**
** {H12803} The [sqlite3_errmsg(D)] and [sqlite3_errmsg16(D)]
**          interfaces return English-language text that describes
**          the error in the mostly recently failed interface call,
**          encoded as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively.
**
** {H12807} The strings returned by [sqlite3_errmsg()] and [sqlite3_errmsg16()]
**          are valid until the next SQLite interface call.
**
** {H12808} Calls to API routines that do not return an error code
**          (example: [sqlite3_data_count()]) do not
**          change the error code or message returned by
**          [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], or [sqlite3_errmsg16()].
**
** {H12809} Interfaces that are not associated with a specific
**          [database connection] (examples:
**          [sqlite3_mprintf()] or [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()]
**          do not change the values returned by
**          [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], or [sqlite3_errmsg16()].
*/
int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: SQL Statement Object {H13000}
** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements}
**
** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement.
** This object is variously known as a "prepared statement" or a
** "compiled SQL statement" or simply as a "statement".
**
** The life of a statement object goes something like this:
................................................................................
**
** Refer to documentation on individual methods above for additional
** information.
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits {H12760}
**
** This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited
** on a connection by connection basis.  The first parameter is the
** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried.  The
** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a
** class of constructs to be size limited.  The third parameter is the
** new limit for that construct.  The function returns the old limit.
................................................................................
** created by an untrusted script can be contained using the
** [max_page_count] [PRAGMA].
**
** New run-time limit categories may be added in future releases.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12762} A successful call to [sqlite3_limit(D,C,V)] where V is
**          positive changes the limit on the size of construct C in the
**          [database connection] D to the lesser of V and the hard upper
**          bound on the size of C that is set at compile-time.
**
** {H12766} A successful call to [sqlite3_limit(D,C,V)] where V is negative
**          leaves the state of the [database connection] D unchanged.
**
** {H12769} A successful call to [sqlite3_limit(D,C,V)] returns the
**          value of the limit on the size of construct C in the
**          [database connection] D as it was prior to the call.
*/
int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Limit Categories {H12790}
** KEYWORDS: {limit category} {limit categories}
**
** These constants define various aspects of a [database connection]
** that can be limited in size by calls to [sqlite3_limit()].
** The meanings of the various limits are as follows:
**
** <dl>
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP                   5
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG              6
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED                  7
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH       8
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9

/*
** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement {H13010}
** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}
**
** To execute an SQL query, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
** program using one of these routines.
**
** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a
** prior call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or [sqlite3_open16()].
................................................................................
** to find the underlying cause of the problem. With the "v2" prepare
** interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is returned immediately.
** </li>
** </ol>
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H13011} The [sqlite3_prepare(db,zSql,...)] and
**          [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,...)] interfaces interpret the
**          text in their zSql parameter as UTF-8.
**
** {H13012} The [sqlite3_prepare16(db,zSql,...)] and
**          [sqlite3_prepare16_v2(db,zSql,...)] interfaces interpret the
**          text in their zSql parameter as UTF-16 in the native byte order.
**
** {H13013} If the nByte argument to [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,nByte,...)]
**          and its variants is less than zero, the SQL text is
**          read from zSql is read up to the first zero terminator.
**
** {H13014} If the nByte argument to [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,nByte,...)]
**          and its variants is non-negative, then at most nBytes bytes of
**          SQL text is read from zSql.
**
** {H13015} In [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,N,P,pzTail)] and its variants
**          if the zSql input text contains more than one SQL statement
**          and pzTail is not NULL, then *pzTail is made to point to the
**          first byte past the end of the first SQL statement in zSql.
**          <todo>What does *pzTail point to if there is one statement?</todo>
**
** {H13016} A successful call to [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,N,ppStmt,...)]
**          or one of its variants writes into *ppStmt a pointer to a new
**          [prepared statement] or a pointer to NULL if zSql contains
**          nothing other than whitespace or comments.
**
** {H13019} The [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] interface and its variants return
**          [SQLITE_OK] or an appropriate [error code] upon failure.
**
** {H13021} Before [sqlite3_prepare(db,zSql,nByte,ppStmt,pzTail)] or its
**          variants returns an error (any value other than [SQLITE_OK]),
**          they first set *ppStmt to NULL.
*/
int sqlite3_prepare(
  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
................................................................................
  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
);

/*
** CAPIREF: Retrieving Statement SQL {H13100}
**
** This interface can be used to retrieve a saved copy of the original
** SQL text used to create a [prepared statement] if that statement was
** compiled using either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H13101} If the [prepared statement] passed as the argument to
**          [sqlite3_sql()] was compiled using either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or
**          [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], then [sqlite3_sql()] returns
**          a pointer to a zero-terminated string containing a UTF-8 rendering
**          of the original SQL statement.
**
** {H13102} If the [prepared statement] passed as the argument to
**          [sqlite3_sql()] was compiled using either [sqlite3_prepare()] or
**          [sqlite3_prepare16()], then [sqlite3_sql()] returns a NULL pointer.
**
** {H13103} The string returned by [sqlite3_sql(S)] is valid until the
**          [prepared statement] S is deleted using [sqlite3_finalize(S)].
*/
const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Dynamically Typed Value Object {H15000}
** KEYWORDS: {protected sqlite3_value} {unprotected sqlite3_value}
**
** SQLite uses the sqlite3_value object to represent all values
** that can be stored in a database table. SQLite uses dynamic typing
** for the values it stores. Values stored in sqlite3_value objects
** can be integers, floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULL.
**
................................................................................
** [sqlite3_result_value()] and [sqlite3_bind_value()].
** The [sqlite3_value_blob | sqlite3_value_type()] family of
** interfaces require protected sqlite3_value objects.
*/
typedef struct Mem sqlite3_value;

/*
** CAPI3REF: SQL Function Context Object {H16001}
**
** The context in which an SQL function executes is stored in an
** sqlite3_context object.  A pointer to an sqlite3_context object
** is always first parameter to [application-defined SQL functions].
** The application-defined SQL function implementation will pass this
** pointer through into calls to [sqlite3_result_int | sqlite3_result()],
** [sqlite3_aggregate_context()], [sqlite3_user_data()],
** [sqlite3_context_db_handle()], [sqlite3_get_auxdata()],
** and/or [sqlite3_set_auxdata()].
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Binding Values To Prepared Statements {H13500}
** KEYWORDS: {host parameter} {host parameters} {host parameter name}
** KEYWORDS: {SQL parameter} {SQL parameters} {parameter binding}
**
** In the SQL strings input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants,
** literals may be replaced by a parameter in one of these forms:
**
** <ul>
................................................................................
** panic rather than return SQLITE_MISUSE.
**
** See also: [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()],
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H13506} The [SQL statement compiler] recognizes tokens of the forms
**          "?", "?NNN", "$VVV", ":VVV", and "@VVV" as SQL parameters,
**          where NNN is any sequence of one or more digits
**          and where VVV is any sequence of one or more alphanumeric
**          characters or "::" optionally followed by a string containing
**          no spaces and contained within parentheses.
**
** {H13509} The initial value of an SQL parameter is NULL.
**
** {H13512} The index of an "?" SQL parameter is one larger than the
**          largest index of SQL parameter to the left, or 1 if
**          the "?" is the leftmost SQL parameter.
**
** {H13515} The index of an "?NNN" SQL parameter is the integer NNN.
**
** {H13518} The index of an ":VVV", "$VVV", or "@VVV" SQL parameter is
**          the same as the index of leftmost occurrences of the same
**          parameter, or one more than the largest index over all
**          parameters to the left if this is the first occurrence
**          of this parameter, or 1 if this is the leftmost parameter.
**
** {H13521} The [SQL statement compiler] fails with an [SQLITE_RANGE]
**          error if the index of an SQL parameter is less than 1
**          or greater than the compile-time SQLITE_MAX_VARIABLE_NUMBER
**          parameter.
**
** {H13524} Calls to [sqlite3_bind_text | sqlite3_bind(S,N,V,...)]
**          associate the value V with all SQL parameters having an
**          index of N in the [prepared statement] S.
**
** {H13527} Calls to [sqlite3_bind_text | sqlite3_bind(S,N,...)]
**          override prior calls with the same values of S and N.
**
** {H13530} Bindings established by [sqlite3_bind_text | sqlite3_bind(S,...)]
**          persist across calls to [sqlite3_reset(S)].
**
** {H13533} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_blob(S,N,V,L,D)],
**          [sqlite3_bind_text(S,N,V,L,D)], or
**          [sqlite3_bind_text16(S,N,V,L,D)] SQLite binds the first L
**          bytes of the BLOB or string pointed to by V, when L
**          is non-negative.
**
** {H13536} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_text(S,N,V,L,D)] or
**          [sqlite3_bind_text16(S,N,V,L,D)] SQLite binds characters
**          from V through the first zero character when L is negative.
**
** {H13539} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_blob(S,N,V,L,D)],
**          [sqlite3_bind_text(S,N,V,L,D)], or
**          [sqlite3_bind_text16(S,N,V,L,D)] when D is the special
**          constant [SQLITE_STATIC], SQLite assumes that the value V
**          is held in static unmanaged space that will not change
**          during the lifetime of the binding.
**
** {H13542} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_blob(S,N,V,L,D)],
**          [sqlite3_bind_text(S,N,V,L,D)], or
**          [sqlite3_bind_text16(S,N,V,L,D)] when D is the special
**          constant [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], the routine makes a
**          private copy of the value V before it returns.
**
** {H13545} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_blob(S,N,V,L,D)],
**          [sqlite3_bind_text(S,N,V,L,D)], or
**          [sqlite3_bind_text16(S,N,V,L,D)] when D is a pointer to
**          a function, SQLite invokes that function to destroy the
**          value V after it has finished using the value V.
**
** {H13548} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(S,N,V,L)] the value bound
**          is a BLOB of L bytes, or a zero-length BLOB if L is negative.
**
** {H13551} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_value(S,N,V)] the V argument may
**          be either a [protected sqlite3_value] object or an
**          [unprotected sqlite3_value] object.
*/
int sqlite3_bind_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int n, void(*)(void*));
int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double);
int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int);
int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64);
................................................................................
int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, int n, void(*)(void*));
int sqlite3_bind_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*);
int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters {H13600}
**
** This routine can be used to find the number of [SQL parameters]
** in a [prepared statement].  SQL parameters are tokens of the
** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as
** placeholders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound]
** to the parameters at a later time.
**
................................................................................
**
** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H13601} The [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(S)] interface returns
**          the largest index of all SQL parameters in the
**          [prepared statement] S, or 0 if S contains no SQL parameters.
*/
int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter {H13620}
**
** This routine returns a pointer to the name of the n-th
** [SQL parameter] in a [prepared statement].
** SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
** respectively.
** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?"
................................................................................
**
** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H13621} The [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(S,N)] interface returns
**          a UTF-8 rendering of the name of the SQL parameter in
**          the [prepared statement] S having index N, or
**          NULL if there is no SQL parameter with index N or if the
**          parameter with index N is an anonymous parameter "?".
*/
const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name {H13640}
**
** Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name.  The
** index value returned is suitable for use as the second
** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()].  A zero
** is returned if no matching parameter is found.  The parameter
** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement
** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
................................................................................
**
** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H13641} The [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(S,N)] interface returns
**          the index of SQL parameter in the [prepared statement]
**          S whose name matches the UTF-8 string N, or 0 if there is
**          no match.
*/
int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement {H13660}
**
** Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not reset
** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a [prepared statement].
** Use this routine to reset all host parameters to NULL.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H13661} The [sqlite3_clear_bindings(S)] interface resets all SQL
**          parameter bindings in the [prepared statement] S back to NULL.
*/
int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set {H13710}
**
** Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the
** [prepared statement]. This routine returns 0 if pStmt is an SQL
** statement that does not return data (for example an [UPDATE]).
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H13711} The [sqlite3_column_count(S)] interface returns the number of
**          columns in the result set generated by the [prepared statement] S,
**          or 0 if S does not generate a result set.
*/
int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set {H13720}
**
** These routines return the name assigned to a particular column
** in the result set of a [SELECT] statement.  The sqlite3_column_name()
** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string
** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated
** UTF-16 string.  The first parameter is the [prepared statement]
** that implements the [SELECT] statement. The second parameter is the
................................................................................
** The name of a result column is the value of the "AS" clause for
** that column, if there is an AS clause.  If there is no AS clause
** then the name of the column is unspecified and may change from
** one release of SQLite to the next.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H13721} A successful invocation of the [sqlite3_column_name(S,N)]
**          interface returns the name of the Nth column (where 0 is
**          the leftmost column) for the result set of the
**          [prepared statement] S as a zero-terminated UTF-8 string.
**
** {H13723} A successful invocation of the [sqlite3_column_name16(S,N)]
**          interface returns the name of the Nth column (where 0 is
**          the leftmost column) for the result set of the
**          [prepared statement] S as a zero-terminated UTF-16 string
**          in the native byte order.
**
** {H13724} The [sqlite3_column_name()] and [sqlite3_column_name16()]
**          interfaces return a NULL pointer if they are unable to
**          allocate memory to hold their normal return strings.
**
** {H13725} If the N parameter to [sqlite3_column_name(S,N)] or
**          [sqlite3_column_name16(S,N)] is out of range, then the
**          interfaces return a NULL pointer.
**
** {H13726} The strings returned by [sqlite3_column_name(S,N)] and
**          [sqlite3_column_name16(S,N)] are valid until the next
**          call to either routine with the same S and N parameters
**          or until [sqlite3_finalize(S)] is called.
**
** {H13727} When a result column of a [SELECT] statement contains
**          an AS clause, the name of that column is the identifier
**          to the right of the AS keyword.
*/
const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result {H13740}
**
** These routines provide a means to determine what column of what
** table in which database a result of a [SELECT] statement comes from.
** The name of the database or table or column can be returned as
** either a UTF-8 or UTF-16 string.  The _database_ routines return
** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and
** the origin_ routines return the column name.
................................................................................
** {A13751}
** If two or more threads call one or more of these routines against the same
** prepared statement and column at the same time then the results are
** undefined.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H13741} The [sqlite3_column_database_name(S,N)] interface returns either
**          the UTF-8 zero-terminated name of the database from which the
**          Nth result column of the [prepared statement] S is extracted,
**          or NULL if the Nth column of S is a general expression
**          or if unable to allocate memory to store the name.
**
** {H13742} The [sqlite3_column_database_name16(S,N)] interface returns either
**          the UTF-16 native byte order zero-terminated name of the database
**          from which the Nth result column of the [prepared statement] S is
**          extracted, or NULL if the Nth column of S is a general expression
**          or if unable to allocate memory to store the name.
**
** {H13743} The [sqlite3_column_table_name(S,N)] interface returns either
**          the UTF-8 zero-terminated name of the table from which the
**          Nth result column of the [prepared statement] S is extracted,
**          or NULL if the Nth column of S is a general expression
**          or if unable to allocate memory to store the name.
**
** {H13744} The [sqlite3_column_table_name16(S,N)] interface returns either
**          the UTF-16 native byte order zero-terminated name of the table
**          from which the Nth result column of the [prepared statement] S is
**          extracted, or NULL if the Nth column of S is a general expression
**          or if unable to allocate memory to store the name.
**
** {H13745} The [sqlite3_column_origin_name(S,N)] interface returns either
**          the UTF-8 zero-terminated name of the table column from which the
**          Nth result column of the [prepared statement] S is extracted,
**          or NULL if the Nth column of S is a general expression
**          or if unable to allocate memory to store the name.
**
** {H13746} The [sqlite3_column_origin_name16(S,N)] interface returns either
**          the UTF-16 native byte order zero-terminated name of the table
**          column from which the Nth result column of the
**          [prepared statement] S is extracted, or NULL if the Nth column
**          of S is a general expression or if unable to allocate memory
**          to store the name.
**
** {H13748} The return values from
**          [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces]
**          are valid for the lifetime of the [prepared statement]
**          or until the encoding is changed by another metadata
**          interface call for the same prepared statement and column.
**
** ASSUMPTIONS:
**
** {A13751} If two or more threads call one or more
**          [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces]
**          for the same [prepared statement] and result column
**          at the same time then the results are undefined.
*/
const char *sqlite3_column_database_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
................................................................................
const void *sqlite3_column_database_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result {H13760}
**
** The first parameter is a [prepared statement].
** If this statement is a [SELECT] statement and the Nth column of the
** returned result set of that [SELECT] is a table column (not an
** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table
** column is returned.  If the Nth column of the result set is an
** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned.
................................................................................
** data stored in that column is of the declared type.  SQLite is
** strongly typed, but the typing is dynamic not static.  Type
** is associated with individual values, not with the containers
** used to hold those values.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H13761}  A successful call to [sqlite3_column_decltype(S,N)] returns a
**           zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the declared datatype
**           of the table column that appears as the Nth column (numbered
**           from 0) of the result set to the [prepared statement] S.
**
** {H13762}  A successful call to [sqlite3_column_decltype16(S,N)]
**           returns a zero-terminated UTF-16 native byte order string
**           containing the declared datatype of the table column that appears
**           as the Nth column (numbered from 0) of the result set to the
**           [prepared statement] S.
**
** {H13763}  If N is less than 0 or N is greater than or equal to
**           the number of columns in the [prepared statement] S,
**           or if the Nth column of S is an expression or subquery rather
**           than a table column, or if a memory allocation failure
**           occurs during encoding conversions, then
**           calls to [sqlite3_column_decltype(S,N)] or
**           [sqlite3_column_decltype16(S,N)] return NULL.
*/
const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Evaluate An SQL Statement {H13200}
**
** After a [prepared statement] has been prepared using either
** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or one of the legacy
** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()], this function
** must be called one or more times to evaluate the statement.
**
** The details of the behavior of the sqlite3_step() interface depend
................................................................................
** using either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] instead
** of the legacy [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()] interfaces,
** then the more specific [error codes] are returned directly
** by sqlite3_step().  The use of the "v2" interface is recommended.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H13202}  If the [prepared statement] S is ready to be run, then
**           [sqlite3_step(S)] advances that prepared statement until
**           completion or until it is ready to return another row of the
**           result set, or until an [sqlite3_interrupt | interrupt]
**           or a run-time error occurs.
**
** {H15304}  When a call to [sqlite3_step(S)] causes the [prepared statement]
**           S to run to completion, the function returns [SQLITE_DONE].
**
** {H15306}  When a call to [sqlite3_step(S)] stops because it is ready to
**           return another row of the result set, it returns [SQLITE_ROW].
**
** {H15308}  If a call to [sqlite3_step(S)] encounters an
**           [sqlite3_interrupt | interrupt] or a run-time error,
**           it returns an appropriate error code that is not one of
**           [SQLITE_OK], [SQLITE_ROW], or [SQLITE_DONE].
**
** {H15310}  If an [sqlite3_interrupt | interrupt] or a run-time error
**           occurs during a call to [sqlite3_step(S)]
**           for a [prepared statement] S created using
**           legacy interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or
**           [sqlite3_prepare16()], then the function returns either
**           [SQLITE_ERROR], [SQLITE_BUSY], or [SQLITE_MISUSE].
*/
int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set {H13770}
**
** Returns the number of values in the current row of the result set.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H13771}  After a call to [sqlite3_step(S)] that returns [SQLITE_ROW],
**           the [sqlite3_data_count(S)] routine will return the same value
**           as the [sqlite3_column_count(S)] function.
**
** {H13772}  After [sqlite3_step(S)] has returned any value other than
**           [SQLITE_ROW] or before [sqlite3_step(S)] has been called on the
**           [prepared statement] for the first time since it was
**           [sqlite3_prepare | prepared] or [sqlite3_reset | reset],
**           the [sqlite3_data_count(S)] routine returns zero.
*/
int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Fundamental Datatypes {H10265}
** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TEXT
**
** {H10266} Every value in SQLite has one of five fundamental datatypes:
**
** <ul>
** <li> 64-bit signed integer
** <li> 64-bit IEEE floating point number
** <li> string
** <li> BLOB
** <li> NULL
................................................................................
# undef SQLITE_TEXT
#else
# define SQLITE_TEXT     3
#endif
#define SQLITE3_TEXT     3

/*
** CAPI3REF: Result Values From A Query {H13800}
** KEYWORDS: {column access functions}
**
** These routines form the "result set query" interface.
**
** These routines return information about a single column of the current
** result row of a query.  In every case the first argument is a pointer
** to the [prepared statement] that is being evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*]
................................................................................
** of these routines, a default value is returned.  The default value
** is either the integer 0, the floating point number 0.0, or a NULL
** pointer.  Subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] will return
** [SQLITE_NOMEM].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H13803} The [sqlite3_column_blob(S,N)] interface converts the
**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for
**          the [prepared statement] S into a BLOB and then returns a
**          pointer to the converted value.
**
** {H13806} The [sqlite3_column_bytes(S,N)] interface returns the
**          number of bytes in the BLOB or string (exclusive of the
**          zero terminator on the string) that was returned by the
**          most recent call to [sqlite3_column_blob(S,N)] or
**          [sqlite3_column_text(S,N)].
**
** {H13809} The [sqlite3_column_bytes16(S,N)] interface returns the
**          number of bytes in the string (exclusive of the
**          zero terminator on the string) that was returned by the
**          most recent call to [sqlite3_column_text16(S,N)].
**
** {H13812} The [sqlite3_column_double(S,N)] interface converts the
**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for the
**          [prepared statement] S into a floating point value and
**          returns a copy of that value.
**
** {H13815} The [sqlite3_column_int(S,N)] interface converts the
**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for the
**          [prepared statement] S into a 64-bit signed integer and
**          returns the lower 32 bits of that integer.
**
** {H13818} The [sqlite3_column_int64(S,N)] interface converts the
**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for the
**          [prepared statement] S into a 64-bit signed integer and
**          returns a copy of that integer.
**
** {H13821} The [sqlite3_column_text(S,N)] interface converts the
**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for
**          the [prepared statement] S into a zero-terminated UTF-8
**          string and returns a pointer to that string.
**
** {H13824} The [sqlite3_column_text16(S,N)] interface converts the
**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for the
**          [prepared statement] S into a zero-terminated 2-byte
**          aligned UTF-16 native byte order string and returns
**          a pointer to that string.
**
** {H13827} The [sqlite3_column_type(S,N)] interface returns
**          one of [SQLITE_NULL], [SQLITE_INTEGER], [SQLITE_FLOAT],
**          [SQLITE_TEXT], or [SQLITE_BLOB] as appropriate for
**          the Nth column in the current row of the result set for
**          the [prepared statement] S.
**
** {H13830} The [sqlite3_column_value(S,N)] interface returns a
**          pointer to an [unprotected sqlite3_value] object for the
**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for
**          the [prepared statement] S.
*/
const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
int sqlite3_column_bytes16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
................................................................................
sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object {H13300}
**
** The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a [prepared statement].
** If the statement was executed successfully or not executed at all, then
** SQLITE_OK is returned. If execution of the statement failed then an
** [error code] or [extended error code] is returned.
**
** This routine can be called at any point during the execution of the
................................................................................
** encountering an error or an [sqlite3_interrupt | interrupt].
** Incomplete updates may be rolled back and transactions canceled,
** depending on the circumstances, and the
** [error code] returned will be [SQLITE_ABORT].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H11302} The [sqlite3_finalize(S)] interface destroys the
**          [prepared statement] S and releases all
**          memory and file resources held by that object.
**
** {H11304} If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
**          [prepared statement] S returned an error,
**          then [sqlite3_finalize(S)] returns that same error.
*/
int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object {H13330}
**
** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a [prepared statement]
** object back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed.
** Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using
** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values.
** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings.
**
** {H11332} The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface resets the [prepared statement] S
**          back to the beginning of its program.
**
** {H11334} If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
**          [prepared statement] S returned [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE],
**          or if [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S,
**          then [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns [SQLITE_OK].
**
** {H11336} If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
**          [prepared statement] S indicated an error, then
**          [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns an appropriate [error code].
**
** {H11338} The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface does not change the values
**          of any [sqlite3_bind_blob|bindings] on the [prepared statement] S.
*/
int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions {H16100}
** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines}
** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL function}
** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL functions}
**
** These two functions (collectively known as "function creation routines")
** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior
** of existing SQL functions or aggregates.  The only difference between the
................................................................................
** functions with the same name but with either differing numbers of
** arguments or differing preferred text encodings.  SQLite will use
** the implementation most closely matches the way in which the
** SQL function is used.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H16103} The [sqlite3_create_function16()] interface behaves exactly
**          like [sqlite3_create_function()] in every way except that it
**          interprets the zFunctionName argument as zero-terminated UTF-16
**          native byte order instead of as zero-terminated UTF-8.
**
** {H16106} A successful invocation of
**          the [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,...)] interface registers
**          or replaces callback functions in the [database connection] D
**          used to implement the SQL function named X with N parameters
**          and having a preferred text encoding of E.
**
** {H16109} A successful call to [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)]
**          replaces the P, F, S, and L values from any prior calls with
**          the same D, X, N, and E values.
**
** {H16112} The [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,...)] interface fails with
**          a return code of [SQLITE_ERROR] if the SQL function name X is
**          longer than 255 bytes exclusive of the zero terminator.
**
** {H16118} Either F must be NULL and S and L are non-NULL or else F
**          is non-NULL and S and L are NULL, otherwise
**          [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)] returns [SQLITE_ERROR].
**
** {H16121} The [sqlite3_create_function(D,...)] interface fails with an
**          error code of [SQLITE_BUSY] if there exist [prepared statements]
**          associated with the [database connection] D.
**
** {H16124} The [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,...)] interface fails with an
**          error code of [SQLITE_ERROR] if parameter N (specifying the number
**          of arguments to the SQL function being registered) is less
**          than -1 or greater than 127.
**
** {H16127} When N is non-negative, the [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,...)]
**          interface causes callbacks to be invoked for the SQL function
**          named X when the number of arguments to the SQL function is
**          exactly N.
**
** {H16130} When N is -1, the [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,...)]
**          interface causes callbacks to be invoked for the SQL function
**          named X with any number of arguments.
**
** {H16133} When calls to [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,...)]
**          specify multiple implementations of the same function X
**          and when one implementation has N>=0 and the other has N=(-1)
**          the implementation with a non-zero N is preferred.
**
** {H16136} When calls to [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,...)]
**          specify multiple implementations of the same function X with
**          the same number of arguments N but with different
**          encodings E, then the implementation where E matches the
**          database encoding is preferred.
**
** {H16139} For an aggregate SQL function created using
**          [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,P,0,S,L)] the finalizer
**          function L will always be invoked exactly once if the
**          step function S is called one or more times.
**
** {H16142} When SQLite invokes either the xFunc or xStep function of
**          an application-defined SQL function or aggregate created
**          by [sqlite3_create_function()] or [sqlite3_create_function16()],
**          then the array of [sqlite3_value] objects passed as the
**          third parameter are always [protected sqlite3_value] objects.
*/
int sqlite3_create_function(
  sqlite3 *db,
................................................................................
  void *pApp,
  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Text Encodings {H10267}
**
** These constant define integer codes that represent the various
** text encodings supported by SQLite.
*/
#define SQLITE_UTF8           1
#define SQLITE_UTF16LE        2
#define SQLITE_UTF16BE        3
................................................................................
int sqlite3_expired(sqlite3_stmt*);
int sqlite3_transfer_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*, sqlite3_stmt*);
int sqlite3_global_recover(void);
void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void);
int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int),void*,sqlite3_int64);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Function Parameter Values {H15100}
**
** The C-language implementation of SQL functions and aggregates uses
** this set of interface routines to access the parameter values on
** the function or aggregate.
**
** The xFunc (for scalar functions) or xStep (for aggregates) parameters
** to [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
................................................................................
** or [sqlite3_value_text16()].
**
** These routines must be called from the same thread as
** the SQL function that supplied the [sqlite3_value*] parameters.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H15103} The [sqlite3_value_blob(V)] interface converts the
**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a BLOB and then
**          returns a pointer to the converted value.
**
** {H15106} The [sqlite3_value_bytes(V)] interface returns the
**          number of bytes in the BLOB or string (exclusive of the
**          zero terminator on the string) that was returned by the
**          most recent call to [sqlite3_value_blob(V)] or
**          [sqlite3_value_text(V)].
**
** {H15109} The [sqlite3_value_bytes16(V)] interface returns the
**          number of bytes in the string (exclusive of the
**          zero terminator on the string) that was returned by the
**          most recent call to [sqlite3_value_text16(V)],
**          [sqlite3_value_text16be(V)], or [sqlite3_value_text16le(V)].
**
** {H15112} The [sqlite3_value_double(V)] interface converts the
**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a floating point value and
**          returns a copy of that value.
**
** {H15115} The [sqlite3_value_int(V)] interface converts the
**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a 64-bit signed integer and
**          returns the lower 32 bits of that integer.
**
** {H15118} The [sqlite3_value_int64(V)] interface converts the
**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a 64-bit signed integer and
**          returns a copy of that integer.
**
** {H15121} The [sqlite3_value_text(V)] interface converts the
**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a zero-terminated UTF-8
**          string and returns a pointer to that string.
**
** {H15124} The [sqlite3_value_text16(V)] interface converts the
**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a zero-terminated 2-byte
**          aligned UTF-16 native byte order
**          string and returns a pointer to that string.
**
** {H15127} The [sqlite3_value_text16be(V)] interface converts the
**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a zero-terminated 2-byte
**          aligned UTF-16 big-endian
**          string and returns a pointer to that string.
**
** {H15130} The [sqlite3_value_text16le(V)] interface converts the
**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a zero-terminated 2-byte
**          aligned UTF-16 little-endian
**          string and returns a pointer to that string.
**
** {H15133} The [sqlite3_value_type(V)] interface returns
**          one of [SQLITE_NULL], [SQLITE_INTEGER], [SQLITE_FLOAT],
**          [SQLITE_TEXT], or [SQLITE_BLOB] as appropriate for
**          the [sqlite3_value] object V.
**
** {H15136} The [sqlite3_value_numeric_type(V)] interface converts
**          the [protected sqlite3_value] object V into either an integer or
**          a floating point value if it can do so without loss of
**          information, and returns one of [SQLITE_NULL],
**          [SQLITE_INTEGER], [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], or
**          [SQLITE_BLOB] as appropriate for the
**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V after the conversion attempt.
*/
................................................................................
const void *sqlite3_value_text16(sqlite3_value*);
const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*);
const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*);
int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*);
int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context {H16210}
**
** The implementation of aggregate SQL functions use this routine to allocate
** a structure for storing their state.
**
** The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context() routine is called for a
** particular aggregate, SQLite allocates nBytes of memory, zeroes out that
** memory, and returns a pointer to it. On second and subsequent calls to
................................................................................
** to the callback routine that implements the aggregate function.
**
** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
** the aggregate SQL function is running.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H16211} The first invocation of [sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N)] for
**          a particular instance of an aggregate function (for a particular
**          context C) causes SQLite to allocate N bytes of memory,
**          zero that memory, and return a pointer to the allocated memory.
**
** {H16213} If a memory allocation error occurs during
**          [sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N)] then the function returns 0.
**
** {H16215} Second and subsequent invocations of
**          [sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N)] for the same context pointer C
**          ignore the N parameter and return a pointer to the same
**          block of memory returned by the first invocation.
**
** {H16217} The memory allocated by [sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N)] is
**          automatically freed on the next call to [sqlite3_reset()]
**          or [sqlite3_finalize()] for the [prepared statement] containing
**          the aggregate function associated with context C.
*/
void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes);

/*
** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions {H16240}
**
** The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of
** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter)
** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
** registered the application defined function. {END}
**
** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
** the application-defined function is running.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H16243} The [sqlite3_user_data(C)] interface returns a copy of the
**          P pointer from the [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)]
**          or [sqlite3_create_function16(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)] call that
**          registered the SQL function associated with [sqlite3_context] C.
*/
void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions {H16250}
**
** The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of
** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter)
** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
** registered the application defined function.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H16253} The [sqlite3_context_db_handle(C)] interface returns a copy of the
**          D pointer from the [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)]
**          or [sqlite3_create_function16(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)] call that
**          registered the SQL function associated with [sqlite3_context] C.
*/
sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data {H16270}
**
** The following two functions may be used by scalar SQL functions to
** associate metadata with argument values. If the same value is passed to
** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under
** some circumstances the associated metadata may be preserved. This may
** be used, for example, to add a regular-expression matching scalar
** function. The compiled version of the regular expression is stored as
................................................................................
** values and SQL variables.
**
** These routines must be called from the same thread in which
** the SQL function is running.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H16272} The [sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N)] interface returns a pointer
**          to metadata associated with the Nth parameter of the SQL function
**          whose context is C, or NULL if there is no metadata associated
**          with that parameter.
**
** {H16274} The [sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,D)] interface assigns a metadata
**          pointer P to the Nth parameter of the SQL function with context C.
**
** {H16276} SQLite will invoke the destructor D with a single argument
**          which is the metadata pointer P following a call to
**          [sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,D)] when SQLite ceases to hold
**          the metadata.
**
** {H16277} SQLite ceases to hold metadata for an SQL function parameter
**          when the value of that parameter changes.
**
** {H16278} When [sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,D)] is invoked, the destructor
**          is called for any prior metadata associated with the same function
**          context C and parameter N.
**
** {H16279} SQLite will call destructors for any metadata it is holding
**          in a particular [prepared statement] S when either
**          [sqlite3_reset(S)] or [sqlite3_finalize(S)] is called.
*/
void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N);
void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N, void*, void (*)(void*));


/*
** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior {H10280}
**
** These are special values for the destructor that is passed in as the
** final argument to routines like [sqlite3_result_blob()].  If the destructor
** argument is SQLITE_STATIC, it means that the content pointer is constant
** and will never change.  It does not need to be destroyed.  The
** SQLITE_TRANSIENT value means that the content will likely change in
** the near future and that SQLite should make its own private copy of
................................................................................
** C++ compilers.  See ticket #2191.
*/
typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
#define SQLITE_STATIC      ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0)
#define SQLITE_TRANSIENT   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1)

/*
** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function {H16400}
**
** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that
** implement SQL functions and aggregates.  See
** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
** for additional information.
**
** These functions work very much like the [parameter binding] family of
................................................................................
**
** If these routines are called from within the different thread
** than the one containing the application-defined function that received
** the [sqlite3_context] pointer, the results are undefined.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H16403} The default return value from any SQL function is NULL.
**
** {H16406} The [sqlite3_result_blob(C,V,N,D)] interface changes the
**          return value of function C to be a BLOB that is N bytes
**          in length and with content pointed to by V.
**
** {H16409} The [sqlite3_result_double(C,V)] interface changes the
**          return value of function C to be the floating point value V.
**
** {H16412} The [sqlite3_result_error(C,V,N)] interface changes the return
**          value of function C to be an exception with error code
**          [SQLITE_ERROR] and a UTF-8 error message copied from V up to the
**          first zero byte or until N bytes are read if N is positive.
**
** {H16415} The [sqlite3_result_error16(C,V,N)] interface changes the return
**          value of function C to be an exception with error code
**          [SQLITE_ERROR] and a UTF-16 native byte order error message
**          copied from V up to the first zero terminator or until N bytes
**          are read if N is positive.
**
** {H16418} The [sqlite3_result_error_toobig(C)] interface changes the return
**          value of the function C to be an exception with error code
**          [SQLITE_TOOBIG] and an appropriate error message.
**
** {H16421} The [sqlite3_result_error_nomem(C)] interface changes the return
**          value of the function C to be an exception with error code
**          [SQLITE_NOMEM] and an appropriate error message.
**
** {H16424} The [sqlite3_result_error_code(C,E)] interface changes the return
**          value of the function C to be an exception with error code E.
**          The error message text is unchanged.
**
** {H16427} The [sqlite3_result_int(C,V)] interface changes the
**          return value of function C to be the 32-bit integer value V.
**
** {H16430} The [sqlite3_result_int64(C,V)] interface changes the
**          return value of function C to be the 64-bit integer value V.
**
** {H16433} The [sqlite3_result_null(C)] interface changes the
**          return value of function C to be NULL.
**
** {H16436} The [sqlite3_result_text(C,V,N,D)] interface changes the
**          return value of function C to be the UTF-8 string
**          V up to the first zero if N is negative
**          or the first N bytes of V if N is non-negative.
**
** {H16439} The [sqlite3_result_text16(C,V,N,D)] interface changes the
**          return value of function C to be the UTF-16 native byte order
**          string V up to the first zero if N is negative
**          or the first N bytes of V if N is non-negative.
**
** {H16442} The [sqlite3_result_text16be(C,V,N,D)] interface changes the
**          return value of function C to be the UTF-16 big-endian
**          string V up to the first zero if N is negative
**          or the first N bytes or V if N is non-negative.
**
** {H16445} The [sqlite3_result_text16le(C,V,N,D)] interface changes the
**          return value of function C to be the UTF-16 little-endian
**          string V up to the first zero if N is negative
**          or the first N bytes of V if N is non-negative.
**
** {H16448} The [sqlite3_result_value(C,V)] interface changes the
**          return value of function C to be the [unprotected sqlite3_value]
**          object V.
**
** {H16451} The [sqlite3_result_zeroblob(C,N)] interface changes the
**          return value of function C to be an N-byte BLOB of all zeros.
**
** {H16454} The [sqlite3_result_error()] and [sqlite3_result_error16()]
**          interfaces make a copy of their error message strings before
**          returning.
**
** {H16457} If the D destructor parameter to [sqlite3_result_blob(C,V,N,D)],
**          [sqlite3_result_text(C,V,N,D)], [sqlite3_result_text16(C,V,N,D)],
**          [sqlite3_result_text16be(C,V,N,D)], or
**          [sqlite3_result_text16le(C,V,N,D)] is the constant [SQLITE_STATIC]
**          then no destructor is ever called on the pointer V and SQLite
**          assumes that V is immutable.
**
** {H16460} If the D destructor parameter to [sqlite3_result_blob(C,V,N,D)],
**          [sqlite3_result_text(C,V,N,D)], [sqlite3_result_text16(C,V,N,D)],
**          [sqlite3_result_text16be(C,V,N,D)], or
**          [sqlite3_result_text16le(C,V,N,D)] is the constant
**          [SQLITE_TRANSIENT] then the interfaces makes a copy of the
**          content of V and retains the copy.
**
** {H16463} If the D destructor parameter to [sqlite3_result_blob(C,V,N,D)],
**          [sqlite3_result_text(C,V,N,D)], [sqlite3_result_text16(C,V,N,D)],
**          [sqlite3_result_text16be(C,V,N,D)], or
**          [sqlite3_result_text16le(C,V,N,D)] is some value other than
**          the constants [SQLITE_STATIC] and [SQLITE_TRANSIENT] then
**          SQLite will invoke the destructor D with V as its only argument
**          when it has finished with the V value.
*/
................................................................................
void sqlite3_result_text16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*);
void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences {H16600}
**
** These functions are used to add new collation sequences to the
** [database connection] specified as the first argument.
**
** The name of the new collation sequence is specified as a UTF-8 string
** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2()
** and a UTF-16 string for sqlite3_create_collation16(). In all cases
................................................................................
** of the sqlite3_create_collation_v2().
** Collations are destroyed when they are overridden by later calls to the
** collation creation functions or when the [database connection] is closed
** using [sqlite3_close()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H16603} A successful call to the
**          [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)] interface
**          registers function F as the comparison function used to
**          implement collation X on the [database connection] B for
**          databases having encoding E.
**
** {H16604} SQLite understands the X parameter to
**          [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)] as a zero-terminated
**          UTF-8 string in which case is ignored for ASCII characters and
**          is significant for non-ASCII characters.
**
** {H16606} Successive calls to [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)]
**          with the same values for B, X, and E, override prior values
**          of P, F, and D.
**
** {H16609} If the destructor D in [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)]
**          is not NULL then it is called with argument P when the
**          collating function is dropped by SQLite.
**
** {H16612} A collating function is dropped when it is overloaded.
**
** {H16615} A collating function is dropped when the database connection
**          is closed using [sqlite3_close()].
**
** {H16618} The pointer P in [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)]
**          is passed through as the first parameter to the comparison
**          function F for all subsequent invocations of F.
**
** {H16621} A call to [sqlite3_create_collation(B,X,E,P,F)] is exactly
**          the same as a call to [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()] with
**          the same parameters and a NULL destructor.
**
** {H16624} Following a [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)],
**          SQLite uses the comparison function F for all text comparison
**          operations on the [database connection] B on text values that
**          use the collating sequence named X.
**
** {H16627} The [sqlite3_create_collation16(B,X,E,P,F)] works the same
**          as [sqlite3_create_collation(B,X,E,P,F)] except that the
**          collation name X is understood as UTF-16 in native byte order
**          instead of UTF-8.
**
** {H16630} When multiple comparison functions are available for the same
**          collating sequence, SQLite chooses the one whose text encoding
**          requires the least amount of conversion from the default
**          text encoding of the database.
*/
int sqlite3_create_collation(
  sqlite3*, 
  const char *zName, 
................................................................................
  const void *zName,
  int eTextRep, 
  void*,
  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks {H16700}
**
** To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database
** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the
** [database connection] to be called whenever an undefined collation
** sequence is required.
**
** If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API,
** then it is passed the names of undefined collation sequences as strings
** encoded in UTF-8. {H16703} If sqlite3_collation_needed16() is used,
** the names are passed as UTF-16 in machine native byte order.
** A call to either function replaces any existing callback.
**
** When the callback is invoked, the first argument passed is a copy
** of the second argument to sqlite3_collation_needed() or
** sqlite3_collation_needed16().  The second argument is the database
** connection.  The third argument is one of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
................................................................................
**
** The callback function should register the desired collation using
** [sqlite3_create_collation()], [sqlite3_create_collation16()], or
** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H16702} A successful call to [sqlite3_collation_needed(D,P,F)]
**          or [sqlite3_collation_needed16(D,P,F)] causes
**          the [database connection] D to invoke callback F with first
**          parameter P whenever it needs a comparison function for a
**          collating sequence that it does not know about.
**
** {H16704} Each successful call to [sqlite3_collation_needed()] or
**          [sqlite3_collation_needed16()] overrides the callback registered
**          on the same [database connection] by prior calls to either
**          interface.
**
** {H16706} The name of the requested collating function passed in the
**          4th parameter to the callback is in UTF-8 if the callback
**          was registered using [sqlite3_collation_needed()] and
**          is in UTF-16 native byte order if the callback was
**          registered using [sqlite3_collation_needed16()].
*/
int sqlite3_collation_needed(
  sqlite3*, 
................................................................................
*/
int sqlite3_rekey(
  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The new key */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Suspend Execution For A Short Time {H10530}
**
** The sqlite3_sleep() function causes the current thread to suspend execution
** for at least a number of milliseconds specified in its parameter.
**
** If the operating system does not support sleep requests with
** millisecond time resolution, then the time will be rounded up to
** the nearest second. The number of milliseconds of sleep actually
................................................................................
** requested from the operating system is returned.
**
** SQLite implements this interface by calling the xSleep()
** method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H10533} The [sqlite3_sleep(M)] interface invokes the xSleep
**          method of the default [sqlite3_vfs|VFS] in order to
**          suspend execution of the current thread for at least
**          M milliseconds.
**
** {H10536} The [sqlite3_sleep(M)] interface returns the number of
**          milliseconds of sleep actually requested of the operating
**          system, which might be larger than the parameter M.
*/
int sqlite3_sleep(int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Temporary Files {H10310}
**
** If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all temporary files
** created by SQLite will be placed in that directory.  If this variable
** is a NULL pointer, then SQLite performs a search for an appropriate
** temporary file directory.
**
................................................................................
** has been opened.  It is intended that this variable be set once
** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
** routines have been call and remain unchanged thereafter.
*/
SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Database Is In Auto-Commit Mode {H12930}
** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode}
**
** The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or
** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
** respectively.  Autocommit mode is on by default.
** Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
** Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
................................................................................
** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], and [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]) then the
** transaction might be rolled back automatically.  The only way to
** find out whether SQLite automatically rolled back the transaction after
** an error is to use this function.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12931} The [sqlite3_get_autocommit(D)] interface returns non-zero or
**          zero if the [database connection] D is or is not in autocommit
**          mode, respectively.
**
** {H12932} Autocommit mode is on by default.
**
** {H12933} Autocommit mode is disabled by a successful [BEGIN] statement.
**
** {H12934} Autocommit mode is enabled by a successful [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK]
**          statement.
**
** ASSUMPTIONS:
**
** {A12936} If another thread changes the autocommit status of the database
**          connection while this routine is running, then the return value
**          is undefined.
*/
int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement {H13120}
**
** The sqlite3_db_handle interface returns the [database connection] handle
** to which a [prepared statement] belongs.  The database handle returned by
** sqlite3_db_handle is the same database handle that was the first argument
** to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] call (or its variants) that was used to
** create the statement in the first place.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H13123} The [sqlite3_db_handle(S)] interface returns a pointer
**          to the [database connection] associated with the
**          [prepared statement] S.
*/
sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Find the next prepared statement {H13140}
**
** This interface returns a pointer to the next [prepared statement] after
** pStmt associated with the [database connection] pDb.  If pStmt is NULL
** then this interface returns a pointer to the first prepared statement
** associated with the database connection pDb.  If no prepared statement
** satisfies the conditions of this routine, it returns NULL.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H13143} If D is a [database connection] that holds one or more
**          unfinalized [prepared statements] and S is a NULL pointer,
**          then [sqlite3_next_stmt(D, S)] routine shall return a pointer
**          to one of the prepared statements associated with D.
**
** {H13146} If D is a [database connection] that holds no unfinalized
**          [prepared statements] and S is a NULL pointer, then
**          [sqlite3_next_stmt(D, S)] routine shall return a NULL pointer.
**
** {H13149} If S is a [prepared statement] in the [database connection] D
**          and S is not the last prepared statement in D, then
**          [sqlite3_next_stmt(D, S)] routine shall return a pointer
**          to the next prepared statement in D after S.
**
** {H13152} If S is the last [prepared statement] in the
**          [database connection] D then the [sqlite3_next_stmt(D, S)]
**          routine shall return a NULL pointer.
*/
sqlite3_stmt *sqlite3_next_stmt(sqlite3 *pDb, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks {H12950}
**
** The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback
** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is committed.
** Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
** for the same database connection is overridden.
** The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback
** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is committed.
................................................................................
** automatically rolled back because the database connection is closed.
** The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is
** rolled back because a commit callback returned non-zero.
** <todo> Check on this </todo>
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12951} The [sqlite3_commit_hook(D,F,P)] interface registers the
**          callback function F to be invoked with argument P whenever
**          a transaction commits on the [database connection] D.
**
** {H12952} The [sqlite3_commit_hook(D,F,P)] interface returns the P argument
**          from the previous call with the same [database connection] D,
**          or NULL on the first call for a particular database connection D.
**
** {H12953} Each call to [sqlite3_commit_hook()] overwrites the callback
**          registered by prior calls.
**
** {H12954} If the F argument to [sqlite3_commit_hook(D,F,P)] is NULL
**          then the commit hook callback is canceled and no callback
**          is invoked when a transaction commits.
**
** {H12955} If the commit callback returns non-zero then the commit is
**          converted into a rollback.
**
** {H12961} The [sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,F,P)] interface registers the
**          callback function F to be invoked with argument P whenever
**          a transaction rolls back on the [database connection] D.
**
** {H12962} The [sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,F,P)] interface returns the P
**          argument from the previous call with the same
**          [database connection] D, or NULL on the first call
**          for a particular database connection D.
**
** {H12963} Each call to [sqlite3_rollback_hook()] overwrites the callback
**          registered by prior calls.
**
** {H12964} If the F argument to [sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,F,P)] is NULL
**          then the rollback hook callback is canceled and no callback
**          is invoked when a transaction rolls back.
*/
void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*);
void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks {H12970}
**
** The sqlite3_update_hook() interface registers a callback function
** with the [database connection] identified by the first argument
** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted.
** Any callback set by a previous call to this function
** for the same database connection is overridden.
**
................................................................................
** modified (i.e. sqlite_master and sqlite_sequence).
**
** If another function was previously registered, its pArg value
** is returned.  Otherwise NULL is returned.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12971} The [sqlite3_update_hook(D,F,P)] interface causes the callback
**          function F to be invoked with first parameter P whenever
**          a table row is modified, inserted, or deleted on
**          the [database connection] D.
**
** {H12973} The [sqlite3_update_hook(D,F,P)] interface returns the value
**          of P for the previous call on the same [database connection] D,
**          or NULL for the first call.
**
** {H12975} If the update hook callback F in [sqlite3_update_hook(D,F,P)]
**          is NULL then the no update callbacks are made.
**
** {H12977} Each call to [sqlite3_update_hook(D,F,P)] overrides prior calls
**          to the same interface on the same [database connection] D.
**
** {H12979} The update hook callback is not invoked when internal system
**          tables such as sqlite_master and sqlite_sequence are modified.
**
** {H12981} The second parameter to the update callback
**          is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE] or [SQLITE_UPDATE],
**          depending on the operation that caused the callback to be invoked.
**
** {H12983} The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers
**          to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings which are the names of the
**          database and table that is being updated.

** {H12985} The final callback parameter is the rowid of the row after
**          the change occurs.
*/
void *sqlite3_update_hook(
  sqlite3*, 
  void(*)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64),
  void*
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Shared Pager Cache {H10330}
** KEYWORDS: {shared cache} {shared cache mode}
**
** This routine enables or disables the sharing of the database cache
** and schema data structures between [database connection | connections]
** to the same database. Sharing is enabled if the argument is true
** and disabled if the argument is false.
**
................................................................................
**
** Shared cache is disabled by default. But this might change in
** future releases of SQLite.  Applications that care about shared
** cache setting should set it explicitly.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H10331} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(B)]
**          will enable or disable shared cache mode for any subsequently
**          created [database connection] in the same process.
**
** {H10336} When shared cache is enabled, the [sqlite3_create_module()]
**          interface will always return an error.
**
** {H10337} The [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(B)] interface returns
**          [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was enabled or disabled successfully.
**
** {H10339} Shared cache is disabled by default.
*/
int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Attempt To Free Heap Memory {H17340}
**
** The sqlite3_release_memory() interface attempts to free N bytes
** of heap memory by deallocating non-essential memory allocations
** held by the database library. {END}  Memory used to cache database
** pages to improve performance is an example of non-essential memory.
** sqlite3_release_memory() returns the number of bytes actually freed,
** which might be more or less than the amount requested.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H17341} The [sqlite3_release_memory(N)] interface attempts to
**          free N bytes of heap memory by deallocating non-essential
**          memory allocations held by the database library.
**
** {H16342} The [sqlite3_release_memory(N)] returns the number
**          of bytes actually freed, which might be more or less
**          than the amount requested.
*/
int sqlite3_release_memory(int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Impose A Limit On Heap Size {H17350}
**
** The sqlite3_soft_heap_limit() interface places a "soft" limit
** on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated by SQLite.
** If an internal allocation is requested that would exceed the
** soft heap limit, [sqlite3_release_memory()] is invoked one or
** more times to free up some space before the allocation is performed.
**
................................................................................
** applied to all threads. The value specified for the soft heap limit
** is an upper bound on the total memory allocation for all threads. In
** version 3.5.0 there is no mechanism for limiting the heap usage for
** individual threads.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H16351} The [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(N)] interface places a soft limit
**          of N bytes on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated
**          using [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] at any point
**          in time.
**
** {H16352} If a call to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] would
**          cause the total amount of allocated memory to exceed the
**          soft heap limit, then [sqlite3_release_memory()] is invoked
**          in an attempt to reduce the memory usage prior to proceeding
**          with the memory allocation attempt.
**
** {H16353} Calls to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that trigger
**          attempts to reduce memory usage through the soft heap limit
**          mechanism continue even if the attempt to reduce memory
**          usage is unsuccessful.
**
** {H16354} A negative or zero value for N in a call to
**          [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(N)] means that there is no soft
**          heap limit and [sqlite3_release_memory()] will only be
**          called when memory is completely exhausted.
**
** {H16355} The default value for the soft heap limit is zero.
**
** {H16358} Each call to [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(N)] overrides the
**          values set by all prior calls.
*/
void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table {H12850}
**
** This routine returns metadata about a specific column of a specific
** database table accessible using the [database connection] handle
** passed as the first function argument.
**
** The column is identified by the second, third and fourth parameters to
** this function. The second parameter is either the name of the database
................................................................................
  char const **pzCollSeq,     /* OUTPUT: Collation sequence name */
  int *pNotNull,              /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */
  int *pPrimaryKey,           /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */
  int *pAutoinc               /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension {H12600}
**
** This interface loads an SQLite extension library from the named file.
**
** {H12601} The sqlite3_load_extension() interface attempts to load an
**          SQLite extension library contained in the file zFile.
**
** {H12602} The entry point is zProc.
**
** {H12603} zProc may be 0, in which case the name of the entry point
**          defaults to "sqlite3_extension_init".
**
** {H12604} The sqlite3_load_extension() interface shall return
**          [SQLITE_OK] on success and [SQLITE_ERROR] if something goes wrong.
**
** {H12605} If an error occurs and pzErrMsg is not 0, then the
**          [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface shall attempt to
**          fill *pzErrMsg with error message text stored in memory
**          obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()]. {END}  The calling function
**          should free this memory by calling [sqlite3_free()].
**
** {H12606} Extension loading must be enabled using
**          [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] prior to calling this API,
**          otherwise an error will be returned.
*/
int sqlite3_load_extension(
  sqlite3 *db,          /* Load the extension into this database connection */
  const char *zFile,    /* Name of the shared library containing extension */
  const char *zProc,    /* Entry point.  Derived from zFile if 0 */
  char **pzErrMsg       /* Put error message here if not 0 */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extension Loading {H12620}
**
** So as not to open security holes in older applications that are
** unprepared to deal with extension loading, and as a means of disabling
** extension loading while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following API
** is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and off.
**
** Extension loading is off by default. See ticket #1863.
**
** {H12621} Call the sqlite3_enable_load_extension() routine with onoff==1
**          to turn extension loading on and call it with onoff==0 to turn
**          it back off again.
**
** {H12622} Extension loading is off by default.
*/
int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Make Arrangements To Automatically Load An Extension {H12640}
**
** This API can be invoked at program startup in order to register
** one or more statically linked extensions that will be available
** to all new [database connections]. {END}
**
** This routine stores a pointer to the extension in an array that is
** obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].  If you run a memory leak checker
** on your program and it reports a leak because of this array, invoke
** [sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()] prior to shutdown to free the memory.
**
** {H12641} This function registers an extension entry point that is
**          automatically invoked whenever a new [database connection]
**          is opened using [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
**          or [sqlite3_open_v2()].
**
** {H12642} Duplicate extensions are detected so calling this routine
**          multiple times with the same extension is harmless.
**
** {H12643} This routine stores a pointer to the extension in an array
**          that is obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].
**
** {H12644} Automatic extensions apply across all threads.
*/
int sqlite3_auto_extension(void *xEntryPoint);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Reset Automatic Extension Loading {H12660}
**
** This function disables all previously registered automatic
** extensions. {END}  It undoes the effect of all prior
** [sqlite3_auto_extension()] calls.
**
** {H12661} This function disables all previously registered
**          automatic extensions.
**
** {H12662} This function disables automatic extensions in all threads.
*/
void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(void);

/*
****** EXPERIMENTAL - subject to change without notice **************
**
** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism is currently considered
................................................................................
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_vtab sqlite3_vtab;
typedef struct sqlite3_index_info sqlite3_index_info;
typedef struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor sqlite3_vtab_cursor;
typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object {H18000}
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module
**
** A module is a class of virtual tables.  Each module is defined
** by an instance of the following structure.  This structure consists
** mostly of methods for the module.
**
** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
................................................................................
  int (*xBegin)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
  int (*xCommit)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
  int (*xRollback)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
  int (*xFindFunction)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int nArg, const char *zName,
                       void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
                       void **ppArg);

  int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew);
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Indexing Information {H18100}
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_index_info
**
** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used to
** pass information into and receive the reply from the xBestIndex
** method of an sqlite3_module.  The fields under **Inputs** are the
** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only.  xBestIndex inserts its
** results into the **Outputs** fields.
................................................................................
     int iTermOffset;          /* Used internally - xBestIndex should ignore */
  } *aConstraint;            /* Table of WHERE clause constraints */
  int nOrderBy;              /* Number of terms in the ORDER BY clause */
  struct sqlite3_index_orderby {
     int iColumn;              /* Column number */
     unsigned char desc;       /* True for DESC.  False for ASC. */
  } *aOrderBy;               /* The ORDER BY clause */

  /* Outputs */
  struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage {
    int argvIndex;           /* if >0, constraint is part of argv to xFilter */
    unsigned char omit;      /* Do not code a test for this constraint */
  } *aConstraintUsage;
  int idxNum;                /* Number used to identify the index */
  char *idxStr;              /* String, possibly obtained from sqlite3_malloc */
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT    4
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE    8
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT    16
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE    32
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH 64

/*
** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation {H18200}
**
** This routine is used to register a new module name with a
** [database connection].  Module names must be registered before
** creating new virtual tables on the module, or before using
** preexisting virtual tables of the module.
**
** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
................................................................................
  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
  const sqlite3_module *,    /* Methods for the module */
  void *                     /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation {H18210}
**
** This routine is identical to the [sqlite3_create_module()] method above,
** except that it allows a destructor function to be specified. It is
** even more experimental than the rest of the virtual tables API.
*/
int sqlite3_create_module_v2(
  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
................................................................................
  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
  const sqlite3_module *,    /* Methods for the module */
  void *,                    /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
  void(*xDestroy)(void*)     /* Module destructor function */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object {H18010}
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab
**
** Every module implementation uses a subclass of the following structure
** to describe a particular instance of the module.  Each subclass will
** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation.
** The purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are
** common to all module implementations.
................................................................................
  const sqlite3_module *pModule;  /* The module for this virtual table */
  int nRef;                       /* Used internally */
  char *zErrMsg;                  /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */
  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Cursor Object  {H18020}
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab_cursor
**
** Every module implementation uses a subclass of the following structure
** to describe cursors that point into the virtual table and are used
** to loop through the virtual table.  Cursors are created using the
** xOpen method of the module.  Each module implementation will define
** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs.
................................................................................
*/
struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor {
  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Virtual table of this cursor */
  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table {H18280}
**
** The xCreate and xConnect methods of a module use the following API
** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
** the virtual tables they implement.
**
** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
** removal in future releases of SQLite.
*/
int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zCreateTable);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table {H18300}
**
** Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
** using the xFindFunction method.  But global versions of those functions
** must exist in order to be overloaded.
**
** This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular
** name and number of parameters exists.  If no such function exists
................................................................................
** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
**
****** EXPERIMENTAL - subject to change without notice **************
*/

/*
** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB {H17800}
** KEYWORDS: {BLOB handle} {BLOB handles}
**
** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which
** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] can be performed.
** Objects of this type are created by [sqlite3_blob_open()]
** and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].
** The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces
** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB.
** The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O {H17810}
**
** This interfaces opens a [BLOB handle | handle] to the BLOB located
** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by:
**
** <pre>
**     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE rowid = iRow;
................................................................................
** a expired BLOB handle fail with an return code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
** Changes written into a BLOB prior to the BLOB expiring are not
** rollback by the expiration of the BLOB.  Such changes will eventually
** commit if the transaction continues to completion.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H17813} A successful invocation of the [sqlite3_blob_open(D,B,T,C,R,F,P)]
**          interface shall open an [sqlite3_blob] object P on the BLOB
**          in column C of the table T in the database B on
**          the [database connection] D.
**
** {H17814} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_blob_open(D,...)] shall start
**          a new transaction on the [database connection] D if that
**          connection is not already in a transaction.
**
** {H17816} The [sqlite3_blob_open(D,B,T,C,R,F,P)] interface shall open
**          the BLOB for read and write access if and only if the F
**          parameter is non-zero.
**
** {H17819} The [sqlite3_blob_open()] interface shall return [SQLITE_OK] on
**          success and an appropriate [error code] on failure.
**
** {H17821} If an error occurs during evaluation of [sqlite3_blob_open(D,...)]
**          then subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode(D)],
**          [sqlite3_errmsg(D)], and [sqlite3_errmsg16(D)] shall return
**          information appropriate for that error.
**
** {H17824} If any column in the row that a [sqlite3_blob] has open is
**          changed by a separate [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statement or by
**          an [ON CONFLICT] side effect, then the [sqlite3_blob] shall
**          be marked as invalid.
*/
int sqlite3_blob_open(
  sqlite3*,
  const char *zDb,
................................................................................
  const char *zColumn,
  sqlite3_int64 iRow,
  int flags,
  sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Close A BLOB Handle {H17830}
**
** Closes an open [BLOB handle].
**
** Closing a BLOB shall cause the current transaction to commit
** if there are no other BLOBs, no pending prepared statements, and the
** database connection is in [autocommit mode].
** If any writes were made to the BLOB, they might be held in cache
** until the close operation if they will fit. {END}
**
** Closing the BLOB often forces the changes
** out to disk and so if any I/O errors occur, they will likely occur
** at the time when the BLOB is closed.  {H17833} Any errors that occur during
** closing are reported as a non-zero return value.
**
** The BLOB is closed unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns
** an error code, the BLOB is still closed.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H17833} The [sqlite3_blob_close(P)] interface closes an [sqlite3_blob]
**          object P previously opened using [sqlite3_blob_open()].
**
** {H17836} Closing an [sqlite3_blob] object using
**          [sqlite3_blob_close()] shall cause the current transaction to
**          commit if there are no other open [sqlite3_blob] objects
**          or [prepared statements] on the same [database connection] and
**          the database connection is in [autocommit mode].
**
** {H17839} The [sqlite3_blob_close(P)] interfaces shall close the
**          [sqlite3_blob] object P unconditionally, even if
**          [sqlite3_blob_close(P)] returns something other than [SQLITE_OK].
*/
int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB {H17840}
**
** Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the open
** []BLOB handle] in its only argument.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H17843} The [sqlite3_blob_bytes(P)] interface returns the size
**          in bytes of the BLOB that the [sqlite3_blob] object P
**          refers to.
*/
int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally {H17850}
**
** This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a
** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z
** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.
**
** If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  If N or iOffset is
................................................................................
** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
**
** On success, SQLITE_OK is returned.
** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H17853} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] 
**          shall reads N bytes of data out of the BLOB referenced by
**          [BLOB handle] P beginning at offset X and store those bytes
**          into buffer Z.
**
** {H17856} In [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] if the size of the BLOB
**          is less than N+X bytes, then the function shall leave the
**          Z buffer unchanged and return [SQLITE_ERROR].
**
** {H17859} In [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] if X or N is less than zero
**          then the function shall leave the Z buffer unchanged
**          and return [SQLITE_ERROR].
**
** {H17862} The [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] interface shall return [SQLITE_OK]
**          if N bytes are successfully read into buffer Z.
**
** {H17863} If the [BLOB handle] P is expired and X and N are within bounds
**          then [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] shall leave the Z buffer
**          unchanged and return [SQLITE_ABORT].
**
** {H17865} If the requested read could not be completed,
**          the [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] interface shall return an
**          appropriate [error code] or [extended error code].
**
** {H17868} If an error occurs during evaluation of [sqlite3_blob_read(P,...)]
**          then subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode(D)],
**          [sqlite3_errmsg(D)], and [sqlite3_errmsg16(D)] shall return
**          information appropriate for that error, where D is the
**          [database connection] that was used to open the [BLOB handle] P.
*/
int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally {H17870}
**
** This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a
** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z
** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.
**
** If the [BLOB handle] passed as the first argument was not opened for
** writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()] was zero),
................................................................................
** or by other independent statements.
**
** On success, SQLITE_OK is returned.
** Otherwise, an  [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H17873} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)]
**          shall write N bytes of data from buffer Z into the BLOB 
**          referenced by [BLOB handle] P beginning at offset X into
**          the BLOB.
**
** {H17874} In the absence of other overridding changes, the changes
**          written to a BLOB by [sqlite3_blob_write()] shall
**          remain in effect after the associated [BLOB handle] expires.
**
** {H17875} If the [BLOB handle] P was opened for reading only then
**          an invocation of [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] shall leave
**          the referenced BLOB unchanged and return [SQLITE_READONLY].
**
** {H17876} If the size of the BLOB referenced by [BLOB handle] P is
**          less than N+X bytes then [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] shall
**          leave the BLOB unchanged and return [SQLITE_ERROR].
**
** {H17877} If the [BLOB handle] P is expired and X and N are within bounds
**          then [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] shall leave the BLOB
**          unchanged and return [SQLITE_ABORT].
**
** {H17879} If X or N are less than zero then [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)]
**          shall leave the BLOB referenced by [BLOB handle] P unchanged
**          and return [SQLITE_ERROR].
**
** {H17882} The [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] interface shall return
**          [SQLITE_OK] if N bytes where successfully written into the BLOB.
**
** {H17885} If the requested write could not be completed,
**          the [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] interface shall return an
**          appropriate [error code] or [extended error code].
**
** {H17888} If an error occurs during evaluation of [sqlite3_blob_write(D,...)]
**          then subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode(D)],
**          [sqlite3_errmsg(D)], and [sqlite3_errmsg16(D)] shall return
**          information appropriate for that error.
*/
int sqlite3_blob_write(sqlite3_blob *, const void *z, int n, int iOffset);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Virtual File System Objects {H11200}
**
** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object
** that SQLite uses to interact
** with the underlying operating system.  Most SQLite builds come with a
** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer.
** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered.
** The following interfaces are provided.
................................................................................
**
** Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface.
** If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as
** the default.  The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H11203} The [sqlite3_vfs_find(N)] interface returns a pointer to the
**          registered [sqlite3_vfs] object whose name exactly matches
**          the zero-terminated UTF-8 string N, or it returns NULL if
**          there is no match.
**
** {H11206} If the N parameter to [sqlite3_vfs_find(N)] is NULL then
**          the function returns a pointer to the default [sqlite3_vfs]
**          object if there is one, or NULL if there is no default
**          [sqlite3_vfs] object.
**
** {H11209} The [sqlite3_vfs_register(P,F)] interface registers the
**          well-formed [sqlite3_vfs] object P using the name given
**          by the zName field of the object.
**
** {H11212} Using the [sqlite3_vfs_register(P,F)] interface to register
**          the same [sqlite3_vfs] object multiple times is a harmless no-op.
**
** {H11215} The [sqlite3_vfs_register(P,F)] interface makes the [sqlite3_vfs]
**          object P the default [sqlite3_vfs] object if F is non-zero.
**
** {H11218} The [sqlite3_vfs_unregister(P)] interface unregisters the
**          [sqlite3_vfs] object P so that it is no longer returned by
**          subsequent calls to [sqlite3_vfs_find()].
*/
sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName);
int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt);
int sqlite3_vfs_unregister(sqlite3_vfs*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Mutexes {H17000}
**
** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread
** synchronization. Though they are intended for internal
** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is
** permitted to use any of these routines.
**
** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations
................................................................................
** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex
** implementation is included with the library. In this case the
** application must supply a custom mutex implementation using the
** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option of the sqlite3_config() function
** before calling sqlite3_initialize() or any other public sqlite3_
** function that calls sqlite3_initialize().
**
** {H17011} The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
** mutex and returns a pointer to it. {H17012} If it returns NULL
** that means that a mutex could not be allocated. {H17013} SQLite
** will unwind its stack and return an error. {H17014} The argument
** to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() is one of these integer constants:
**
** <ul>
** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER
** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM
** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2
** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG
** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU
** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2
** </ul>
**
** {H17015} The first two constants cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create
** a new mutex.  The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used. {END}
** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction
** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does
** not want to.  {H17016} But SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in
** cases where it really needs one.  {END} If a faster non-recursive mutex
** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem
** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST.
**
** {H17017} The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() each return
** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex. {END}  Four static mutexes are
** used by the current version of SQLite.  Future versions of SQLite
** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
**
** {H17018} Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
** returns a different mutex on every call.  {H17034} But for the static
** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
** the same type number.
**
** {H17019} The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously
** allocated dynamic mutex. {H17020} SQLite is careful to deallocate every
** dynamic mutex that it allocates. {A17021} The dynamic mutexes must not be in
** use when they are deallocated. {A17022} Attempting to deallocate a static
** mutex results in undefined behavior. {H17023} SQLite never deallocates
** a static mutex. {END}
**
** The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
** to enter a mutex. {H17024} If another thread is already within the mutex,
** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
** SQLITE_BUSY. {H17025}  The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
** upon successful entry.  {H17026} Mutexes created using
** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can be entered multiple times by the same thread.
** {H17027} In such cases the,
** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
** can enter.  {A17028} If the same thread tries to enter any other
** kind of mutex more than once, the behavior is undefined.
** {H17029} SQLite will never exhibit
** such behavior in its own use of mutexes.
**
** Some systems (for example, Windows 95) do not support the operation
** implemented by sqlite3_mutex_try().  On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try()
** will always return SQLITE_BUSY.  {H17030} The SQLite core only ever uses
** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization so this is acceptable behavior.
**
** {H17031} The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
** previously entered by the same thread.  {A17032} The behavior
** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the
** calling thread or is not currently allocated.  {H17033} SQLite will
** never do either. {END}
**
** If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_enter(), sqlite3_mutex_try(), or
** sqlite3_mutex_leave() is a NULL pointer, then all three routines
** behave as no-ops.
**
** See also: [sqlite3_mutex_held()] and [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()].
................................................................................
sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_mutex_alloc(int);
void sqlite3_mutex_free(sqlite3_mutex*);
void sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex*);
int sqlite3_mutex_try(sqlite3_mutex*);
void sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Mutex Methods Object {H17120}
**
** An instance of this structure defines the low-level routines
** used to allocate and use mutexes.
**
** Usually, the default mutex implementations provided by SQLite are
** sufficient, however the user has the option of substituting a custom
** implementation for specialized deployments or systems for which SQLite
................................................................................
** to sqlite3_config() along with the [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option.
** Additionally, an instance of this structure can be used as an
** output variable when querying the system for the current mutex
** implementation, using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX] option.
**
** The xMutexInit method defined by this structure is invoked as
** part of system initialization by the sqlite3_initialize() function.
** {H17001} The xMutexInit routine shall be called by SQLite once for each
** effective call to [sqlite3_initialize()].
**
** The xMutexEnd method defined by this structure is invoked as
** part of system shutdown by the sqlite3_shutdown() function. The
** implementation of this method is expected to release all outstanding
** resources obtained by the mutex methods implementation, especially
** those obtained by the xMutexInit method. {H17003} The xMutexEnd()
** interface shall be invoked once for each call to [sqlite3_shutdown()].
**
** The remaining seven methods defined by this structure (xMutexAlloc,
** xMutexFree, xMutexEnter, xMutexTry, xMutexLeave, xMutexHeld and
** xMutexNotheld) implement the following interfaces (respectively):
**
** <ul>
................................................................................
  int (*xMutexTry)(sqlite3_mutex *);
  void (*xMutexLeave)(sqlite3_mutex *);
  int (*xMutexHeld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
  int (*xMutexNotheld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verification Routines {H17080}
**
** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines
** are intended for use inside assert() statements. {H17081} The SQLite core
** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications
** are advised to follow the lead of the core.  {H17082} The core only
** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled
** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag.  {A17087} External mutex implementations
** are only required to provide these routines if SQLITE_DEBUG is
** defined and if NDEBUG is not defined.
**
** {H17083} These routines should return true if the mutex in their argument
** is held or not held, respectively, by the calling thread.
**
** {X17084} The implementation is not required to provided versions of these
** routines that actually work. If the implementation does not provide working
** versions of these routines, it should at least provide stubs that always
** return true so that one does not get spurious assertion failures.
**
** {H17085} If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then
** the routine should return 1.  {END} This seems counter-intuitive since
** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist.  But the
** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not
** using mutexes.  And we do not want the assert() containing the
** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is
** the appropriate thing to do.  {H17086} The sqlite3_mutex_notheld()
** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer.
*/
int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types {H17001}
**
** {H17002} The [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] interface takes a single argument
** which is one of these integer constants.
*/
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST             0
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE        1
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER    2
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM       3  /* sqlite3_malloc() */
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2      4  /* sqlite3_release_memory() */
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG      5  /* sqlite3_random() */
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU       6  /* lru page list */
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2      7  /* lru page list */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files {H11300}
**
** {H11301} The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the
** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated
** with a particular database identified by the second argument. {H11302} The
** name of the database is the name assigned to the database by the
** <a href="lang_attach.html">ATTACH</a> SQL command that opened the
** database. {H11303} To control the main database file, use the name "main"
** or a NULL pointer. {H11304} The third and fourth parameters to this routine
** are passed directly through to the second and third parameters of
** the xFileControl method.  {H11305} The return value of the xFileControl
** method becomes the return value of this routine.
**
** {H11306} If the second parameter (zDbName) does not match the name of any
** open database file, then SQLITE_ERROR is returned. {H11307} This error
** code is not remembered and will not be recalled by [sqlite3_errcode()]
** or [sqlite3_errmsg()]. {A11308} The underlying xFileControl method might
** also return SQLITE_ERROR.  {A11309} There is no way to distinguish between
** an incorrect zDbName and an SQLITE_ERROR return from the underlying
** xFileControl method. {END}
**
** See also: [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]
*/
int sqlite3_file_control(sqlite3*, const char *zDbName, int op, void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface {H11400}
**
** The sqlite3_test_control() interface is used to read out internal
** state of SQLite and to inject faults into SQLite for testing
** purposes.  The first parameter is an operation code that determines
** the number, meaning, and operation of all subsequent parameters.
**
** This interface is not for use by applications.  It exists solely
................................................................................
** they take, and what they do are all subject to change without notice.
** Unlike most of the SQLite API, this function is not guaranteed to
** operate consistently from one release to the next.
*/
int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface Operation Codes {H11410}
**
** These constants are the valid operation code parameters used
** as the first argument to [sqlite3_test_control()].
**
** These parameters and their meanings are subject to change
** without notice.  These values are for testing purposes only.
** Applications should not use any of these parameters or the
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE             6
#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESET               7
#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST              8
#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL            9
#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS     10

/*
** CAPI3REF: SQLite Runtime Status {H17200}
**
** This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information
** about the preformance of SQLite, and optionally to reset various
** highwater marks.  The first argument is an integer code for
** the specific parameter to measure.  Recognized integer codes
** are of the form [SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED | SQLITE_STATUS_...].
** The current value of the parameter is returned into *pCurrent.
................................................................................
**
** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
** removal in future releases of SQLite.
*/
int sqlite3_status(int op, int *pCurrent, int *pHighwater, int resetFlag);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters {H17250}
**
** These integer constants designate various run-time status parameters
** that can be returned by [sqlite3_status()].
**
** <dl>
** <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED</dt>
** <dd>This parameter is the current amount of memory checked out