}else if( aNew->pSchema->file_format && aNew->pSchema->enc!=ENC(db) ){
      zErrDyn = sqlite3MPrintf(db, 
        "attached databases must use the same text encoding as main database");
      rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
    }
    pPager = sqlite3BtreePager(aNew->pBt);
    sqlite3PagerLockingMode(pPager, db->dfltLockMode);
    /* journal_mode set by the OP_JournalMode opcode that will following
    ** the OP_Function opcode that invoked this function. */
    sqlite3BtreeSecureDelete(aNew->pBt,
                             sqlite3BtreeSecureDelete(db->aDb[0].pBt,-1) );
  }
  aNew->safety_level = 3;
  aNew->zName = sqlite3DbStrDup(db, zName);
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK && aNew->zName==0 ){
    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
................................................................................
  assert( v || db->mallocFailed );
  if( v ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Function, 0, regArgs+3-pFunc->nArg, regArgs+3);
    assert( pFunc->nArg==-1 || (pFunc->nArg&0xff)==pFunc->nArg );
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, (u8)(pFunc->nArg));
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP4(v, -1, (char *)pFunc, P4_FUNCDEF);

    if( type==SQLITE_ATTACH ){
      /* On an attach, also set the journal mode.  Note that
      ** sqlite3VdbeUsesBtree() is not call here since the iDb index
      ** will be out of range prior to the new database being attached.
      ** The OP_JournalMode opcode will all sqlite3VdbeUsesBtree() for us.
      */
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_JournalMode, db->nDb, regArgs+3, 
                           db->dfltJournalMode);
      sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, 1);
    }

    /* Code an OP_Expire. For an ATTACH statement, set P1 to true (expire this
    ** statement only). For DETACH, set it to false (expire all existing
    ** statements).
    */
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Expire, (type==SQLITE_ATTACH));
  }
  

    }else if( aNew->pSchema->file_format && aNew->pSchema->enc!=ENC(db) ){
      zErrDyn = sqlite3MPrintf(db, 
        "attached databases must use the same text encoding as main database");
      rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
    }
    pPager = sqlite3BtreePager(aNew->pBt);
    sqlite3PagerLockingMode(pPager, db->dfltLockMode);


    sqlite3BtreeSecureDelete(aNew->pBt,
                             sqlite3BtreeSecureDelete(db->aDb[0].pBt,-1) );
  }
  aNew->safety_level = 3;
  aNew->zName = sqlite3DbStrDup(db, zName);
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK && aNew->zName==0 ){
    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
................................................................................
  assert( v || db->mallocFailed );
  if( v ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Function, 0, regArgs+3-pFunc->nArg, regArgs+3);
    assert( pFunc->nArg==-1 || (pFunc->nArg&0xff)==pFunc->nArg );
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, (u8)(pFunc->nArg));
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP4(v, -1, (char *)pFunc, P4_FUNCDEF);












    /* Code an OP_Expire. For an ATTACH statement, set P1 to true (expire this
    ** statement only). For DETACH, set it to false (expire all existing
    ** statements).
    */
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Expire, (type==SQLITE_ATTACH));
  }
  

    }
    db->aDb[1].pBt = pBt;
    assert( db->aDb[1].pSchema );
    if( SQLITE_NOMEM==sqlite3BtreeSetPageSize(pBt, db->nextPagesize, -1, 0) ){
      db->mallocFailed = 1;
      return 1;
    }
    sqlite3PagerSetJournalMode(sqlite3BtreePager(pBt), db->dfltJournalMode);
  }
  return 0;
}

/*
** Generate VDBE code that will verify the schema cookie and start
** a read-transaction for all named database files.

    }
    db->aDb[1].pBt = pBt;
    assert( db->aDb[1].pSchema );
    if( SQLITE_NOMEM==sqlite3BtreeSetPageSize(pBt, db->nextPagesize, -1, 0) ){
      db->mallocFailed = 1;
      return 1;
    }

  }
  return 0;
}

/*
** Generate VDBE code that will verify the schema cookie and start
** a read-transaction for all named database files.

  /*
  **  PRAGMA [database.]journal_mode
  **  PRAGMA [database.]journal_mode =
  **                      (delete|persist|off|truncate|memory|wal|off)
  */
  if( sqlite3StrICmp(zLeft,"journal_mode")==0 ){
    int eMode;                    /* One of the PAGER_JOURNALMODE_XXX symbols */




    if( sqlite3ReadSchema(pParse) ){
      goto pragma_out;
    }

    sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 1);
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, "journal_mode", SQLITE_STATIC);

    if( zRight==0 ){


      eMode = PAGER_JOURNALMODE_QUERY;
    }else{
      const char *zMode;
      int n = sqlite3Strlen30(zRight);
      for(eMode=0; (zMode = sqlite3JournalModename(eMode))!=0; eMode++){
        if( sqlite3StrNICmp(zRight, zMode, n)==0 ) break;
      }
      if( !zMode ){


        eMode = PAGER_JOURNALMODE_QUERY;
      }
    }
    if( pId2->n==0 && eMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_QUERY ){
      /* Simple "PRAGMA journal_mode;" statement. This is a query for
      ** the current default journal mode (which may be different to
      ** the journal-mode of the main database).
      */
      eMode = db->dfltJournalMode;
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_String8, 0, 1);
      sqlite3VdbeChangeP4(v, -1, sqlite3JournalModename(eMode), P4_STATIC);
    }else{
      int ii;


      if( pId2->n==0 ){
        /* When there is no database name before the "journal_mode" keyword
        ** in the PRAGMA, then the journal-mode will be set on
        ** all attached databases, as well as the main db file.
        **
        ** Also, the sqlite3.dfltJournalMode variable is set so that
        ** any subsequently attached databases also use the specified
        ** journal mode.
        */
        db->dfltJournalMode = (u8)eMode;
      }

      for(ii=db->nDb-1; ii>=0; ii--){
        if( db->aDb[ii].pBt && (ii==iDb || pId2->n==0) ){
          sqlite3VdbeUsesBtree(v, ii);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_JournalMode, ii, 1, eMode);
        }
      }
    }

    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 1);
  }else

  /*
  **  PRAGMA [database.]journal_size_limit
  **  PRAGMA [database.]journal_size_limit=N
  **

  /*
  **  PRAGMA [database.]journal_mode
  **  PRAGMA [database.]journal_mode =
  **                      (delete|persist|off|truncate|memory|wal|off)
  */
  if( sqlite3StrICmp(zLeft,"journal_mode")==0 ){
    int eMode;        /* One of the PAGER_JOURNALMODE_XXX symbols */
    int ii;           /* Loop counter */

    /* Force the schema to be loaded on all databases.  This cases all
    ** database files to be opened and the journal_modes set. */
    if( sqlite3ReadSchema(pParse) ){
      goto pragma_out;
    }

    sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 1);
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, "journal_mode", SQLITE_STATIC);

    if( zRight==0 ){
      /* If there is no "=MODE" part of the pragma, do a query for the
      ** current mode */
      eMode = PAGER_JOURNALMODE_QUERY;
    }else{
      const char *zMode;
      int n = sqlite3Strlen30(zRight);
      for(eMode=0; (zMode = sqlite3JournalModename(eMode))!=0; eMode++){
        if( sqlite3StrNICmp(zRight, zMode, n)==0 ) break;
      }
      if( !zMode ){
        /* If the "=MODE" part does not match any known journal mode,
        ** then do a query */
        eMode = PAGER_JOURNALMODE_QUERY;
      }
    }
    if( eMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_QUERY && pId2->n==0 ){


      /* Convert "PRAGMA journal_mode" into "PRAGMA main.journal_mode" */







      iDb = 0;
      pId2->n = 1;









    }

    for(ii=db->nDb-1; ii>=0; ii--){
      if( db->aDb[ii].pBt && (ii==iDb || pId2->n==0) ){
        sqlite3VdbeUsesBtree(v, ii);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_JournalMode, ii, 1, eMode);
      }
    }


    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 1);
  }else

  /*
  **  PRAGMA [database.]journal_size_limit
  **  PRAGMA [database.]journal_size_limit=N
  **

  int openFlags;                /* Flags passed to sqlite3_vfs.xOpen() */
  int errCode;                  /* Most recent error code (SQLITE_*) */
  int errMask;                  /* & result codes with this before returning */
  u8 autoCommit;                /* The auto-commit flag. */
  u8 temp_store;                /* 1: file 2: memory 0: default */
  u8 mallocFailed;              /* True if we have seen a malloc failure */
  u8 dfltLockMode;              /* Default locking-mode for attached dbs */
  u8 dfltJournalMode;           /* Default journal mode for attached dbs */
  signed char nextAutovac;      /* Autovac setting after VACUUM if >=0 */
  u8 suppressErr;               /* Do not issue error messages if true */
  int nextPagesize;             /* Pagesize after VACUUM if >0 */
  int nTable;                   /* Number of tables in the database */
  CollSeq *pDfltColl;           /* The default collating sequence (BINARY) */
  i64 lastRowid;                /* ROWID of most recent insert (see above) */
  u32 magic;                    /* Magic number for detect library misuse */

  int openFlags;                /* Flags passed to sqlite3_vfs.xOpen() */
  int errCode;                  /* Most recent error code (SQLITE_*) */
  int errMask;                  /* & result codes with this before returning */
  u8 autoCommit;                /* The auto-commit flag. */
  u8 temp_store;                /* 1: file 2: memory 0: default */
  u8 mallocFailed;              /* True if we have seen a malloc failure */
  u8 dfltLockMode;              /* Default locking-mode for attached dbs */

  signed char nextAutovac;      /* Autovac setting after VACUUM if >=0 */
  u8 suppressErr;               /* Do not issue error messages if true */
  int nextPagesize;             /* Pagesize after VACUUM if >0 */
  int nTable;                   /* Number of tables in the database */
  CollSeq *pDfltColl;           /* The default collating sequence (BINARY) */
  i64 lastRowid;                /* ROWID of most recent insert (see above) */
  u32 magic;                    /* Magic number for detect library misuse */

** PAGER_JOURNALMODE_XXX values. If changing between the various rollback
** modes (delete, truncate, persist, off and memory), this is a simple
** operation. No IO is required.
**
** If changing into or out of WAL mode the procedure is more complicated.
**
** Write a string containing the final journal-mode to register P2.
**
** If an attempt to change in to or out of WAL mode fails because another
** connection also has the same database open, then an SQLITE_BUSY error
** is raised if P5==0, or of P5!=0 the journal mode changed is skipped
** without signaling the error.
*/
case OP_JournalMode: {    /* out2-prerelease */
  Btree *pBt;                     /* Btree to change journal mode of */
  Pager *pPager;                  /* Pager associated with pBt */
  int eNew;                       /* New journal mode */
  int eOld;                       /* The old journal mode */
  const char *zFilename;          /* Name of database file for pPager */
................................................................................
        rc = sqlite3BtreeSetVersion(pBt, (eNew==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL ? 2 : 1));
      }
    }
  }
#endif /* ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL */

  if( rc ){
    if( rc==SQLITE_BUSY && pOp->p5!=0 ) rc = SQLITE_OK;
    eNew = eOld;
  }
  eNew = sqlite3PagerSetJournalMode(pPager, eNew);

  pOut = &aMem[pOp->p2];
  pOut->flags = MEM_Str|MEM_Static|MEM_Term;
  pOut->z = (char *)sqlite3JournalModename(eNew);

** PAGER_JOURNALMODE_XXX values. If changing between the various rollback
** modes (delete, truncate, persist, off and memory), this is a simple
** operation. No IO is required.
**
** If changing into or out of WAL mode the procedure is more complicated.
**
** Write a string containing the final journal-mode to register P2.





*/
case OP_JournalMode: {    /* out2-prerelease */
  Btree *pBt;                     /* Btree to change journal mode of */
  Pager *pPager;                  /* Pager associated with pBt */
  int eNew;                       /* New journal mode */
  int eOld;                       /* The old journal mode */
  const char *zFilename;          /* Name of database file for pPager */
................................................................................
        rc = sqlite3BtreeSetVersion(pBt, (eNew==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL ? 2 : 1));
      }
    }
  }
#endif /* ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL */

  if( rc ){

    eNew = eOld;
  }
  eNew = sqlite3PagerSetJournalMode(pPager, eNew);

  pOut = &aMem[pOp->p2];
  pOut->flags = MEM_Str|MEM_Static|MEM_Term;
  pOut->z = (char *)sqlite3JournalModename(eNew);

      INSERT INTO ab VALUES(2, NULL);
      INSERT INTO ab VALUES(3, NULL);
      INSERT INTO ab VALUES(4, NULL);
      INSERT INTO ab VALUES(5, NULL);
      INSERT INTO ab VALUES(6, NULL);
      UPDATE ab SET b = randstr(1000,1000);
      ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux;

      CREATE TABLE aux.ab(a, b);
      INSERT INTO aux.ab SELECT * FROM main.ab;

      UPDATE aux.ab SET b = randstr(1000,1000) WHERE a>=1;
      UPDATE ab SET b = randstr(1000,1000) WHERE a>=1;
    }
    list [file exists test.db-journal] [file exists test2.db-journal]

      INSERT INTO ab VALUES(2, NULL);
      INSERT INTO ab VALUES(3, NULL);
      INSERT INTO ab VALUES(4, NULL);
      INSERT INTO ab VALUES(5, NULL);
      INSERT INTO ab VALUES(6, NULL);
      UPDATE ab SET b = randstr(1000,1000);
      ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux;
      PRAGMA aux.journal_mode = persist;
      CREATE TABLE aux.ab(a, b);
      INSERT INTO aux.ab SELECT * FROM main.ab;

      UPDATE aux.ab SET b = randstr(1000,1000) WHERE a>=1;
      UPDATE ab SET b = randstr(1000,1000) WHERE a>=1;
    }
    list [file exists test.db-journal] [file exists test2.db-journal]

      PRAGMA aux1.journal_mode;
    }
  } [list off [temp_journal_mode persist] memory]
  do_test jrnlmode-1.11 {
    execsql {
      PRAGMA journal_mode;
    }
  } {persist}
  do_test jrnlmode-1.12 {
    execsql {
      ATTACH ':memory:' as aux2;
    }
    execsql {
      PRAGMA main.journal_mode;
      PRAGMA aux1.journal_mode;
................................................................................

  do_test jrnlmode-5.2 {
    execsql { PRAGMA journal_size_limit }
  } {-1}
  do_test jrnlmode-5.3 {
    execsql { 
      ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux;

      PRAGMA aux.journal_size_limit;
    }
  } {-1}

  do_test jrnlmode-5.4.1 {
    execsql { PRAGMA aux.journal_size_limit = 999999999999 }
  } {999999999999}
  do_test jrnlmode-5.4.2 {
    execsql { PRAGMA aux.journal_size_limit = 10240 }
  } {10240}
  do_test jrnlmode-5.5 {
................................................................................
    execsql { PRAGMA journal_size_limit }
  } {20480}
  do_test jrnlmode-5.7 {
    execsql { PRAGMA aux.journal_size_limit }
  } {10240}

  do_test jrnlmode-5.8 {

    execsql { ATTACH 'test3.db' AS aux2 }


  } {}

  do_test jrnlmode-5.9 {
    execsql {
      CREATE TABLE main.t1(a, b, c);
      CREATE TABLE aux.t2(a, b, c);
      CREATE TABLE aux2.t3(a, b, c);
    }

      PRAGMA aux1.journal_mode;
    }
  } [list off [temp_journal_mode persist] memory]
  do_test jrnlmode-1.11 {
    execsql {
      PRAGMA journal_mode;
    }
  } {off}
  do_test jrnlmode-1.12 {
    execsql {
      ATTACH ':memory:' as aux2;
    }
    execsql {
      PRAGMA main.journal_mode;
      PRAGMA aux1.journal_mode;
................................................................................

  do_test jrnlmode-5.2 {
    execsql { PRAGMA journal_size_limit }
  } {-1}
  do_test jrnlmode-5.3 {
    execsql { 
      ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux;
      PRAGMA aux.journal_mode=persist;
      PRAGMA aux.journal_size_limit;
    }

  } {persist -1}
  do_test jrnlmode-5.4.1 {
    execsql { PRAGMA aux.journal_size_limit = 999999999999 }
  } {999999999999}
  do_test jrnlmode-5.4.2 {
    execsql { PRAGMA aux.journal_size_limit = 10240 }
  } {10240}
  do_test jrnlmode-5.5 {
................................................................................
    execsql { PRAGMA journal_size_limit }
  } {20480}
  do_test jrnlmode-5.7 {
    execsql { PRAGMA aux.journal_size_limit }
  } {10240}

  do_test jrnlmode-5.8 {
    execsql {
      ATTACH 'test3.db' AS aux2;
      PRAGMA aux2.journal_mode=persist;
    }
  } {persist}

  do_test jrnlmode-5.9 {
    execsql {
      CREATE TABLE main.t1(a, b, c);
      CREATE TABLE aux.t2(a, b, c);
      CREATE TABLE aux2.t3(a, b, c);
    }

  sqlite3 db test.db
  execsql {
    PRAGMA journal_mode = WAL;
    CREATE TABLE t1(a, b);
  }
} {wal}
foreach {tn sql result} {
  1  "PRAGMA journal_mode"                delete
  2  "PRAGMA main.journal_mode"           wal
  3  "PRAGMA journal_mode = delete"       delete
  4  "PRAGMA journal_mode"                delete
  5  "PRAGMA main.journal_mode"           delete
  6  "PRAGMA journal_mode = wal"          wal
  7  "PRAGMA journal_mode"                delete
  8  "PRAGMA main.journal_mode"           wal

  9  "PRAGMA journal_mode"                delete
 10  "PRAGMA main.journal_mode"           wal
 11  "PRAGMA main.journal_mode = delete"  delete
 12  "PRAGMA journal_mode"                delete
 13  "PRAGMA main.journal_mode"           delete
 14  "PRAGMA main.journal_mode = wal"     wal
 15  "PRAGMA journal_mode"                delete
 16  "PRAGMA main.journal_mode"           wal
} {
  do_test walmode-7.$tn { 
    db close
    sqlite3 db test.db
    execsql $sql
  } $result
................................................................................
do_execsql_test walmode-8.1 {
  CREATE TABLE t1(a, b);
  PRAGMA journal_mode = WAL;
  ATTACH 'test.db2' AS two;
  CREATE TABLE two.t2(a, b);
} {wal}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.2 { PRAGMA main.journal_mode }         {wal}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.3 { PRAGMA two.journal_mode  }         {wal}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.4 { PRAGMA two.journal_mode = DELETE } {delete}

db close
sqlite3 db test.db
do_execsql_test walmode-8.5  { ATTACH 'test.db2' AS two }          {}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.6  { PRAGMA main.journal_mode }          {wal}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.7  { PRAGMA two.journal_mode  }          {delete}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.8  { INSERT INTO two.t2 DEFAULT VALUES } {}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.9  { PRAGMA two.journal_mode  }          {delete}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.10 { INSERT INTO t1 DEFAULT VALUES } {}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.11 { PRAGMA main.journal_mode  }         {wal}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.12 { PRAGMA journal_mode  }              {delete}










db close
sqlite3 db test.db
do_execsql_test walmode-8.13 { PRAGMA journal_mode = WAL }         {wal}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.14 { ATTACH 'test.db2' AS two  }         {}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.15 { PRAGMA main.journal_mode  }         {wal}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.16 { PRAGMA two.journal_mode   }         {wal}
................................................................................
do_execsql_test walmode-8.18 { PRAGMA two.journal_mode   }         {wal}
 
sqlite3 db2 test.db2
do_test walmode-8.19 { execsql { PRAGMA main.journal_mode } db2 }  {wal}
db2 close

finish_test

  sqlite3 db test.db
  execsql {
    PRAGMA journal_mode = WAL;
    CREATE TABLE t1(a, b);
  }
} {wal}
foreach {tn sql result} {
  1  "PRAGMA journal_mode"                wal
  2  "PRAGMA main.journal_mode"           wal
  3  "PRAGMA journal_mode = delete"       delete
  4  "PRAGMA journal_mode"                delete
  5  "PRAGMA main.journal_mode"           delete
  6  "PRAGMA journal_mode = wal"          wal
  7  "PRAGMA journal_mode"                wal
  8  "PRAGMA main.journal_mode"           wal

  9  "PRAGMA journal_mode"                wal
 10  "PRAGMA main.journal_mode"           wal
 11  "PRAGMA main.journal_mode = delete"  delete
 12  "PRAGMA journal_mode"                delete
 13  "PRAGMA main.journal_mode"           delete
 14  "PRAGMA main.journal_mode = wal"     wal
 15  "PRAGMA journal_mode"                wal
 16  "PRAGMA main.journal_mode"           wal
} {
  do_test walmode-7.$tn { 
    db close
    sqlite3 db test.db
    execsql $sql
  } $result
................................................................................
do_execsql_test walmode-8.1 {
  CREATE TABLE t1(a, b);
  PRAGMA journal_mode = WAL;
  ATTACH 'test.db2' AS two;
  CREATE TABLE two.t2(a, b);
} {wal}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.2 { PRAGMA main.journal_mode }         {wal}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.3 { PRAGMA two.journal_mode  }         {delete}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.4 { PRAGMA two.journal_mode = DELETE } {delete}

db close
sqlite3 db test.db
do_execsql_test walmode-8.5  { ATTACH 'test.db2' AS two }          {}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.6  { PRAGMA main.journal_mode }          {wal}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.7  { PRAGMA two.journal_mode  }          {delete}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.8  { INSERT INTO two.t2 DEFAULT VALUES } {}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.9  { PRAGMA two.journal_mode  }          {delete}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.10 { INSERT INTO t1 DEFAULT VALUES } {}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.11 { PRAGMA main.journal_mode  }         {wal}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.12 { PRAGMA journal_mode  }              {wal}

# Change to WAL mode on test2.db and make sure (in the tests that follow)
# that this mode change persists. 
do_test walmode-8.x1 {
  execsql {
     PRAGMA two.journal_mode=WAL;
     PRAGMA two.journal_mode;
  }
} {wal wal}

db close
sqlite3 db test.db
do_execsql_test walmode-8.13 { PRAGMA journal_mode = WAL }         {wal}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.14 { ATTACH 'test.db2' AS two  }         {}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.15 { PRAGMA main.journal_mode  }         {wal}
do_execsql_test walmode-8.16 { PRAGMA two.journal_mode   }         {wal}
................................................................................
do_execsql_test walmode-8.18 { PRAGMA two.journal_mode   }         {wal}
 
sqlite3 db2 test.db2
do_test walmode-8.19 { execsql { PRAGMA main.journal_mode } db2 }  {wal}
db2 close

finish_test