#endif

static int fts3EvalNext(Fts3Cursor *pCsr);
static int fts3EvalStart(Fts3Cursor *pCsr);
static int fts3TermSegReaderCursor(
    Fts3Cursor *, const char *, int, int, Fts3MultiSegReader **);








/* 
** Write a 64-bit variable-length integer to memory starting at p[0].
** The length of data written will be between 1 and FTS3_VARINT_MAX bytes.
** The number of bytes written is returned.
*/
int sqlite3Fts3PutVarint(char *p, sqlite_int64 v){
  unsigned char *q = (unsigned char *) p;
................................................................................
  if( quote=='[' || quote=='\'' || quote=='"' || quote=='`' ){
    int iIn = 1;                  /* Index of next byte to read from input */
    int iOut = 0;                 /* Index of next byte to write to output */

    /* If the first byte was a '[', then the close-quote character is a ']' */
    if( quote=='[' ) quote = ']';  

    while( ALWAYS(z[iIn]) ){
      if( z[iIn]==quote ){
        if( z[iIn+1]!=quote ) break;
        z[iOut++] = quote;
        iIn += 2;
      }else{
        z[iOut++] = z[iIn++];
      }
................................................................................
    case 5: iCol = sqlite3_value_int(apVal[4]);
    case 4: zEllipsis = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[3]);
    case 3: zEnd = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[2]);
    case 2: zStart = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[1]);
  }
  if( !zEllipsis || !zEnd || !zStart ){
    sqlite3_result_error_nomem(pContext);


  }else if( SQLITE_OK==fts3CursorSeek(pContext, pCsr) ){
    sqlite3Fts3Snippet(pContext, pCsr, zStart, zEnd, zEllipsis, iCol, nToken);
  }
}

/*
** Implementation of the offsets() function for FTS3

#endif

static int fts3EvalNext(Fts3Cursor *pCsr);
static int fts3EvalStart(Fts3Cursor *pCsr);
static int fts3TermSegReaderCursor(
    Fts3Cursor *, const char *, int, int, Fts3MultiSegReader **);

#ifndef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
# if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
int sqlite3Fts3Always(int b) { assert( b ); return b; }
int sqlite3Fts3Never(int b)  { assert( !b ); return b; }
# endif
#endif

/* 
** Write a 64-bit variable-length integer to memory starting at p[0].
** The length of data written will be between 1 and FTS3_VARINT_MAX bytes.
** The number of bytes written is returned.
*/
int sqlite3Fts3PutVarint(char *p, sqlite_int64 v){
  unsigned char *q = (unsigned char *) p;
................................................................................
  if( quote=='[' || quote=='\'' || quote=='"' || quote=='`' ){
    int iIn = 1;                  /* Index of next byte to read from input */
    int iOut = 0;                 /* Index of next byte to write to output */

    /* If the first byte was a '[', then the close-quote character is a ']' */
    if( quote=='[' ) quote = ']';  

    while( z[iIn] ){
      if( z[iIn]==quote ){
        if( z[iIn+1]!=quote ) break;
        z[iOut++] = quote;
        iIn += 2;
      }else{
        z[iOut++] = z[iIn++];
      }
................................................................................
    case 5: iCol = sqlite3_value_int(apVal[4]);
    case 4: zEllipsis = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[3]);
    case 3: zEnd = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[2]);
    case 2: zStart = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[1]);
  }
  if( !zEllipsis || !zEnd || !zStart ){
    sqlite3_result_error_nomem(pContext);
  }else if( nToken==0 ){
    sqlite3_result_text(pContext, "", -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
  }else if( SQLITE_OK==fts3CursorSeek(pContext, pCsr) ){
    sqlite3Fts3Snippet(pContext, pCsr, zStart, zEnd, zEllipsis, iCol, nToken);
  }
}

/*
** Implementation of the offsets() function for FTS3

/*
** Macros indicating that conditional expressions are always true or
** false.
*/
#ifdef SQLITE_COVERAGE_TEST
# define ALWAYS(x) (1)
# define NEVER(X)  (0)





#else
# define ALWAYS(x) (x)
# define NEVER(x)  (x)
#endif

/*
** Internal types used by SQLite.

/*
** Macros indicating that conditional expressions are always true or
** false.
*/
#ifdef SQLITE_COVERAGE_TEST
# define ALWAYS(x) (1)
# define NEVER(X)  (0)
#elif defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
# define ALWAYS(x) sqlite3Fts3Always((x)!=0)
# define NEVER(x) sqlite3Fts3Never((x)!=0)
int sqlite3Fts3Always(int b);
int sqlite3Fts3Never(int b);
#else
# define ALWAYS(x) (x)
# define NEVER(x)  (x)
#endif

/*
** Internal types used by SQLite.

      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, 1);
    }
  }


  /* Get the VDBE program ready for execution
  */
  if( v && ALWAYS(pParse->nErr==0) && !db->mallocFailed ){
    assert( pParse->iCacheLevel==0 );  /* Disables and re-enables match */
    /* A minimum of one cursor is required if autoincrement is used
    *  See ticket [a696379c1f08866] */
    if( pParse->pAinc!=0 && pParse->nTab==0 ) pParse->nTab = 1;
    sqlite3VdbeMakeReady(v, pParse);
    pParse->rc = SQLITE_DONE;
    pParse->colNamesSet = 0;

      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, 1);
    }
  }


  /* Get the VDBE program ready for execution
  */
  if( v && pParse->nErr==0 && !db->mallocFailed ){
    assert( pParse->iCacheLevel==0 );  /* Disables and re-enables match */
    /* A minimum of one cursor is required if autoincrement is used
    *  See ticket [a696379c1f08866] */
    if( pParse->pAinc!=0 && pParse->nTab==0 ) pParse->nTab = 1;
    sqlite3VdbeMakeReady(v, pParse);
    pParse->rc = SQLITE_DONE;
    pParse->colNamesSet = 0;

  mustBeUnique = (inFlags & IN_INDEX_LOOP)!=0;

  /* Check to see if an existing table or index can be used to
  ** satisfy the query.  This is preferable to generating a new 
  ** ephemeral table.
  */
  p = (ExprHasProperty(pX, EP_xIsSelect) ? pX->x.pSelect : 0);
  if( ALWAYS(pParse->nErr==0) && isCandidateForInOpt(p) ){
    sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;              /* Database connection */
    Table *pTab;                           /* Table <table>. */
    Expr *pExpr;                           /* Expression <column> */
    i16 iCol;                              /* Index of column <column> */
    i16 iDb;                               /* Database idx for pTab */

    assert( p );                        /* Because of isCandidateForInOpt(p) */
................................................................................
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 0, dest.iSDParm);
        VdbeComment((v, "Init EXISTS result"));
      }
      sqlite3ExprDelete(pParse->db, pSel->pLimit);
      pSel->pLimit = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_INTEGER, 0, 0,
                                  &sqlite3IntTokens[1]);
      pSel->iLimit = 0;

      if( sqlite3Select(pParse, pSel, &dest) ){
        return 0;
      }
      rReg = dest.iSDParm;
      ExprSetVVAProperty(pExpr, EP_NoReduce);
      break;
    }

  mustBeUnique = (inFlags & IN_INDEX_LOOP)!=0;

  /* Check to see if an existing table or index can be used to
  ** satisfy the query.  This is preferable to generating a new 
  ** ephemeral table.
  */
  p = (ExprHasProperty(pX, EP_xIsSelect) ? pX->x.pSelect : 0);
  if( pParse->nErr==0 && isCandidateForInOpt(p) ){
    sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;              /* Database connection */
    Table *pTab;                           /* Table <table>. */
    Expr *pExpr;                           /* Expression <column> */
    i16 iCol;                              /* Index of column <column> */
    i16 iDb;                               /* Database idx for pTab */

    assert( p );                        /* Because of isCandidateForInOpt(p) */
................................................................................
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 0, dest.iSDParm);
        VdbeComment((v, "Init EXISTS result"));
      }
      sqlite3ExprDelete(pParse->db, pSel->pLimit);
      pSel->pLimit = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_INTEGER, 0, 0,
                                  &sqlite3IntTokens[1]);
      pSel->iLimit = 0;
      pSel->selFlags &= ~SF_AllValues;
      if( sqlite3Select(pParse, pSel, &dest) ){
        return 0;
      }
      rReg = dest.iSDParm;
      ExprSetVVAProperty(pExpr, EP_NoReduce);
      break;
    }

          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, 5);
        }
        if( (pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_PRIMKEY)==0 ){
          k = 0;
        }else if( pPk==0 ){
          k = 1;
        }else{
          for(k=1; ALWAYS(k<=pTab->nCol) && pPk->aiColumn[k-1]!=i; k++){}
        }
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, k, 6);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 6);
      }
    }
  }
  break;

          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, 5);
        }
        if( (pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_PRIMKEY)==0 ){
          k = 0;
        }else if( pPk==0 ){
          k = 1;
        }else{
          for(k=1; k<=pTab->nCol && pPk->aiColumn[k-1]!=i; k++){}
        }
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, k, 6);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 6);
      }
    }
  }
  break;

}

/*
** Append N bytes of text from z to the StrAccum object.  Increase the
** size of the memory allocation for StrAccum if necessary.
*/
void sqlite3StrAccumAppend(StrAccum *p, const char *z, int N){
  assert( z!=0 );
  assert( p->zText!=0 || p->nChar==0 || p->accError );
  assert( N>=0 );
  assert( p->accError==0 || p->nAlloc==0 );
  if( p->nChar+N >= p->nAlloc ){
    enlargeAndAppend(p,z,N);
  }else{
    assert( p->zText );

}

/*
** Append N bytes of text from z to the StrAccum object.  Increase the
** size of the memory allocation for StrAccum if necessary.
*/
void sqlite3StrAccumAppend(StrAccum *p, const char *z, int N){
  assert( z!=0 || N==0 );
  assert( p->zText!=0 || p->nChar==0 || p->accError );
  assert( N>=0 );
  assert( p->accError==0 || p->nAlloc==0 );
  if( p->nChar+N >= p->nAlloc ){
    enlargeAndAppend(p,z,N);
  }else{
    assert( p->zText );

  **
  ** Because no reference was made to outer contexts, the pNC->nRef
  ** fields are not changed in any context.
  */
  if( cnt==0 && zTab==0 && ExprHasProperty(pExpr,EP_DblQuoted) ){
    pExpr->op = TK_STRING;
    pExpr->pTab = 0;

    return WRC_Prune;
  }

  /*
  ** cnt==0 means there was not match.  cnt>1 means there were two or
  ** more matches.  Either way, we have an error.
  */
................................................................................
        Expr *pNew = sqlite3Expr(db, TK_INTEGER, 0);
        if( pNew==0 ) return 1;
        pNew->flags |= EP_IntValue;
        pNew->u.iValue = iCol;
        if( pItem->pExpr==pE ){
          pItem->pExpr = pNew;
        }else{

          assert( pItem->pExpr->op==TK_COLLATE );

          assert( pItem->pExpr->pLeft==pE );
          pItem->pExpr->pLeft = pNew;
        }
        sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pE);
        pItem->u.x.iOrderByCol = (u16)iCol;
        pItem->done = 1;
      }else{
        moreToDo = 1;
      }
................................................................................
    ** was created by the convertCompoundSelectToSubquery() function.
    ** In this case the ORDER BY clause (p->pOrderBy) should be resolved
    ** as if it were part of the sub-query, not the parent. This block
    ** moves the pOrderBy down to the sub-query. It will be moved back
    ** after the names have been resolved.  */
    if( p->selFlags & SF_Converted ){
      Select *pSub = p->pSrc->a[0].pSelect;
      assert( p->pSrc->nSrc==1 && isCompound==0 && p->pOrderBy );
      assert( pSub->pPrior && pSub->pOrderBy==0 );
      pSub->pOrderBy = p->pOrderBy;
      p->pOrderBy = 0;
    }
  
    /* Recursively resolve names in all subqueries
    */

  **
  ** Because no reference was made to outer contexts, the pNC->nRef
  ** fields are not changed in any context.
  */
  if( cnt==0 && zTab==0 && ExprHasProperty(pExpr,EP_DblQuoted) ){
    pExpr->op = TK_STRING;
    pExpr->pTab = 0;
    pExpr->iTable = -1;
    return WRC_Prune;
  }

  /*
  ** cnt==0 means there was not match.  cnt>1 means there were two or
  ** more matches.  Either way, we have an error.
  */
................................................................................
        Expr *pNew = sqlite3Expr(db, TK_INTEGER, 0);
        if( pNew==0 ) return 1;
        pNew->flags |= EP_IntValue;
        pNew->u.iValue = iCol;
        if( pItem->pExpr==pE ){
          pItem->pExpr = pNew;
        }else{
          Expr *pParent = pItem->pExpr;
          assert( pParent->op==TK_COLLATE );
          while( pParent->pLeft->op==TK_COLLATE ) pParent = pParent->pLeft;
          assert( pParent->pLeft==pE );
          pParent->pLeft = pNew;
        }
        sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pE);
        pItem->u.x.iOrderByCol = (u16)iCol;
        pItem->done = 1;
      }else{
        moreToDo = 1;
      }
................................................................................
    ** was created by the convertCompoundSelectToSubquery() function.
    ** In this case the ORDER BY clause (p->pOrderBy) should be resolved
    ** as if it were part of the sub-query, not the parent. This block
    ** moves the pOrderBy down to the sub-query. It will be moved back
    ** after the names have been resolved.  */
    if( p->selFlags & SF_Converted ){
      Select *pSub = p->pSrc->a[0].pSelect;
      assert( p->pSrc->nSrc==1 && p->pOrderBy );
      assert( pSub->pPrior && pSub->pOrderBy==0 );
      pSub->pOrderBy = p->pOrderBy;
      p->pOrderBy = 0;
    }
  
    /* Recursively resolve names in all subqueries
    */

  }
  p->pPrior = pPrior;
  pPrior->pNext = p;

  /*** TBD:  Insert subroutine calls to close cursors on incomplete
  **** subqueries ****/
  explainComposite(pParse, p->op, iSub1, iSub2, 0);
  return SQLITE_OK;
}
#endif

#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY) || !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW)
/* Forward Declarations */
static void substExprList(sqlite3*, ExprList*, int, ExprList*);
static void substSelect(sqlite3*, Select *, int, ExprList *);

  }
  p->pPrior = pPrior;
  pPrior->pNext = p;

  /*** TBD:  Insert subroutine calls to close cursors on incomplete
  **** subqueries ****/
  explainComposite(pParse, p->op, iSub1, iSub2, 0);
  return pParse->nErr!=0;
}
#endif

#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY) || !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW)
/* Forward Declarations */
static void substExprList(sqlite3*, ExprList*, int, ExprList*);
static void substSelect(sqlite3*, Select *, int, ExprList *);

*/
#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
# define double sqlite3_int64
#endif

/*
** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection

**
** ^The sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() routines are destructors
** for the [sqlite3] object.
** ^Calls to sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() return [SQLITE_OK] if
** the [sqlite3] object is successfully destroyed and all associated
** resources are deallocated.
**
................................................................................
** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
** compatibility and is not documented.
*/
typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);

/*
** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface

**
** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenience wrapper around
** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()],
** that allows an application to run multiple statements of SQL
** without having to use a lot of C code. 
**
** ^The sqlite3_exec() interface runs zero or more UTF-8 encoded,
................................................................................
** ^If the option is unknown or SQLite is unable to set the option
** then this routine returns a non-zero [error code].
*/
int sqlite3_config(int, ...);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Configure database connections

**
** The sqlite3_db_config() interface is used to make configuration
** changes to a [database connection].  The interface is similar to
** [sqlite3_config()] except that the changes apply to a single
** [database connection] (specified in the first argument).
**
** The second argument to sqlite3_db_config(D,V,...)  is the
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE       1001  /* void* int int */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY     1002  /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER  1003  /* int int* */


/*
** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes

**
** ^The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. ^The extended result
** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility.
*/
int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid

**
** ^Each entry in most SQLite tables (except for [WITHOUT ROWID] tables)
** has a unique 64-bit signed
** integer key called the [ROWID | "rowid"]. ^The rowid is always available
** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those
** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. ^If
** the table has a column of type [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] then that column
................................................................................
** unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new
** last insert [rowid].
*/
sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified

**
** ^This function returns the number of rows modified, inserted or
** deleted by the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE
** statement on the database connection specified by the only parameter.
** ^Executing any other type of SQL statement does not modify the value
** returned by this function.
**
................................................................................
** while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned
** is unpredictable and not meaningful.
*/
int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified

**
** ^This function returns the total number of rows inserted, modified or
** deleted by all [INSERT], [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statements completed
** since the database connection was opened, including those executed as
** part of trigger programs. ^Executing any other type of SQL statement
** does not affect the value returned by sqlite3_total_changes().
** 
................................................................................
** while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value
** returned is unpredictable and not meaningful.
*/
int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query

**
** ^This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically
** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
** immediately.
**
................................................................................
*/
int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors
** KEYWORDS: {busy-handler callback} {busy handler}

**
** ^The sqlite3_busy_handler(D,X,P) routine sets a callback function X
** that might be invoked with argument P whenever
** an attempt is made to access a database table associated with
** [database connection] D when another thread
** or process has the table locked.
** The sqlite3_busy_handler() interface is used to implement
................................................................................
** A busy handler must not close the database connection
** or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler.
*/
int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*,int), void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout

**
** ^This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps
** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked.  ^The handler
** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping
** have accumulated.  ^After at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping,
** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return
** [SQLITE_BUSY].
................................................................................
**
** See also:  [PRAGMA busy_timeout]
*/
int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries

**
** This is a legacy interface that is preserved for backwards compatibility.
** Use of this interface is not recommended.
**
** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is memory data structure created by the
** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface.  A result table records the
** complete query results from one or more queries.
................................................................................
** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness
** method.
*/
void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks

**
** ^This routine registers an authorizer callback with a particular
** [database connection], supplied in the first argument.
** ^The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
** [sqlite3_prepare16()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].  ^At various
** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* NULL            Function Name   */
#define SQLITE_SAVEPOINT            32   /* Operation       Savepoint Name  */
#define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */
#define SQLITE_RECURSIVE            33   /* NULL            NULL            */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions

**
** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
**
** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at
** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()].
** ^The sqlite3_trace() callback is invoked with a UTF-8 rendering of the
................................................................................
*/
void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*, void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
   void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks

**
** ^The sqlite3_progress_handler(D,N,X,P) interface causes the callback
** function X to be invoked periodically during long running calls to
** [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()] and [sqlite3_get_table()] for
** database connection D.  An example use for this
** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
**
................................................................................
** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
**
*/
void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection

**
** ^These routines open an SQLite database file as specified by the 
** filename argument. ^The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for
** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte
** order for sqlite3_open16(). ^(A [database connection] handle is usually
** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs.  The only exception is that
** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object,
................................................................................
const char *sqlite3_uri_parameter(const char *zFilename, const char *zParam);
int sqlite3_uri_boolean(const char *zFile, const char *zParam, int bDefault);
sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_uri_int64(const char*, const char*, sqlite3_int64);


/*
** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages

**
** ^If the most recent sqlite3_* API call associated with 
** [database connection] D failed, then the sqlite3_errcode(D) interface
** returns the numeric [result code] or [extended result code] for that
** API call.
** If the most recent API call was successful,
** then the return value from sqlite3_errcode() is undefined.
................................................................................
int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
int sqlite3_extended_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);
const char *sqlite3_errstr(int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: SQL Statement Object
** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements}
**
** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement.
** This object is variously known as a "prepared statement" or a
** "compiled SQL statement" or simply as a "statement".
**

** The life of a statement object goes something like this:


**


** <ol>
** <li> Create the object using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or a related
**      function.
** <li> Bind values to [host parameters] using the sqlite3_bind_*()
**      interfaces.
** <li> Run the SQL by calling [sqlite3_step()] one or more times.
** <li> Reset the statement using [sqlite3_reset()] then go back
**      to step 2.  Do this zero or more times.
** <li> Destroy the object using [sqlite3_finalize()].
** </ol>
**
** Refer to documentation on individual methods above for additional
** information.
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits

**
** ^(This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited
** on a connection by connection basis.  The first parameter is the
** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried.  The
** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a
** class of constructs to be size limited.  The third parameter is the
** new limit for that construct.)^
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH            10
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS           11

/*
** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement
** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}


**
** To execute an SQL query, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
** program using one of these routines.
**
** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a
** prior successful call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or
** [sqlite3_open16()].  The database connection must not have been closed.
................................................................................
  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Retrieving Statement SQL

**
** ^This interface can be used to retrieve a saved copy of the original
** SQL text used to create a [prepared statement] if that statement was
** compiled using either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
*/
const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Writes The Database

**
** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly(X) interface returns true (non-zero) if
** and only if the [prepared statement] X makes no direct changes to
** the content of the database file.
**
** Note that [application-defined SQL functions] or
** [virtual tables] might change the database indirectly as a side effect.  
................................................................................
** change the configuration of a database connection, they do not make 
** changes to the content of the database files on disk.
*/
int sqlite3_stmt_readonly(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Determine If A Prepared Statement Has Been Reset

**
** ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S) interface returns true (non-zero) if the
** [prepared statement] S has been stepped at least once using 
** [sqlite3_step(S)] but has not run to completion and/or has not 
** been reset using [sqlite3_reset(S)].  ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S)
** interface returns false if S is a NULL pointer.  If S is not a 
** NULL pointer and is not a pointer to a valid [prepared statement]
................................................................................
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Binding Values To Prepared Statements
** KEYWORDS: {host parameter} {host parameters} {host parameter name}
** KEYWORDS: {SQL parameter} {SQL parameters} {parameter binding}

**
** ^(In the SQL statement text input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants,
** literals may be replaced by a [parameter] that matches one of following
** templates:
**
** <ul>
** <li>  ?
................................................................................
int sqlite3_bind_text64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, sqlite3_uint64,
                         void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*);
int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters

**
** ^This routine can be used to find the number of [SQL parameters]
** in a [prepared statement].  SQL parameters are tokens of the
** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as
** placeholders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound]
** to the parameters at a later time.
**
................................................................................
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
*/
int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter

**
** ^The sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(P,N) interface returns
** the name of the N-th [SQL parameter] in the [prepared statement] P.
** ^(SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
** respectively.
** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?"
................................................................................
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
*/
const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name

**
** ^Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name.  ^The
** index value returned is suitable for use as the second
** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()].  ^A zero
** is returned if no matching parameter is found.  ^The parameter
** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement
** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
................................................................................
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
*/
int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement

**
** ^Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not reset
** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a [prepared statement].
** ^Use this routine to reset all host parameters to NULL.
*/
int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set

**
** ^Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the
** [prepared statement]. ^This routine returns 0 if pStmt is an SQL
** statement that does not return data (for example an [UPDATE]).
**
** See also: [sqlite3_data_count()]
*/
int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set

**
** ^These routines return the name assigned to a particular column
** in the result set of a [SELECT] statement.  ^The sqlite3_column_name()
** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string
** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated
** UTF-16 string.  ^The first parameter is the [prepared statement]
** that implements the [SELECT] statement. ^The second parameter is the
................................................................................
** one release of SQLite to the next.
*/
const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result

**
** ^These routines provide a means to determine the database, table, and
** table column that is the origin of a particular result column in
** [SELECT] statement.
** ^The name of the database or table or column can be returned as
** either a UTF-8 or UTF-16 string.  ^The _database_ routines return
** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and
................................................................................
const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result

**
** ^(The first parameter is a [prepared statement].
** If this statement is a [SELECT] statement and the Nth column of the
** returned result set of that [SELECT] is a table column (not an
** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table
** column is returned.)^  ^If the Nth column of the result set is an
** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned.
................................................................................
** used to hold those values.
*/
const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Evaluate An SQL Statement

**
** After a [prepared statement] has been prepared using either
** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or one of the legacy
** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()], this function
** must be called one or more times to evaluate the statement.
**
** The details of the behavior of the sqlite3_step() interface depend
................................................................................
** then the more specific [error codes] are returned directly
** by sqlite3_step().  The use of the "v2" interface is recommended.
*/
int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set

**
** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) interface returns the number of columns in the
** current row of the result set of [prepared statement] P.
** ^If prepared statement P does not have results ready to return
** (via calls to the [sqlite3_column_int | sqlite3_column_*()] of
** interfaces) then sqlite3_data_count(P) returns 0.
** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine also returns 0 if P is a NULL pointer.
................................................................................
# define SQLITE_TEXT     3
#endif
#define SQLITE3_TEXT     3

/*
** CAPI3REF: Result Values From A Query
** KEYWORDS: {column access functions}

**
** These routines form the "result set" interface.
**
** ^These routines return information about a single column of the current
** result row of a query.  ^In every case the first argument is a pointer
** to the [prepared statement] that is being evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*]
** that was returned from [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or one of its variants)
................................................................................
const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object

**
** ^The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a [prepared statement].
** ^If the most recent evaluation of the statement encountered no errors
** or if the statement is never been evaluated, then sqlite3_finalize() returns
** SQLITE_OK.  ^If the most recent evaluation of statement S failed, then
** sqlite3_finalize(S) returns the appropriate [error code] or
** [extended error code].
................................................................................
** statement after it has been finalized can result in undefined and
** undesirable behavior such as segfaults and heap corruption.
*/
int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object

**
** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a [prepared statement]
** object back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed.
** ^Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using
** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values.
** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings.
**
................................................................................
int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions
** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines}
** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL function}
** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL functions}

**
** ^These functions (collectively known as "function creation routines")
** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior
** of existing SQL functions or aggregates.  The only differences between
** these routines are the text encoding expected for
** the second parameter (the name of the function being created)
** and the presence or absence of a destructor callback for
................................................................................
SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void);
SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int),
                      void*,sqlite3_int64);
#endif

/*
** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Function Parameter Values

**
** The C-language implementation of SQL functions and aggregates uses
** this set of interface routines to access the parameter values on
** the function or aggregate.
**
** The xFunc (for scalar functions) or xStep (for aggregates) parameters
** to [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
................................................................................
const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*);
const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*);
int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*);
int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context

**
** Implementations of aggregate SQL functions use this
** routine to allocate memory for storing their state.
**
** ^The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine is called 
** for a particular aggregate function, SQLite
** allocates N of memory, zeroes out that memory, and returns a pointer
................................................................................
** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
** the aggregate SQL function is running.
*/
void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes);

/*
** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions

**
** ^The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of
** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter)
** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
** registered the application defined function.
**
................................................................................
** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
** the application-defined function is running.
*/
void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions

**
** ^The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of
** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter)
** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
** registered the application defined function.
*/
sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data

**
** These functions may be used by (non-aggregate) SQL functions to
** associate metadata with argument values. If the same value is passed to
** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under
** some circumstances the associated metadata may be preserved.  An example
** of where this might be useful is in a regular-expression matching
** function. The compiled version of the regular expression can be stored as
................................................................................
*/
typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
#define SQLITE_STATIC      ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0)
#define SQLITE_TRANSIENT   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1)

/*
** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function

**
** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that
** implement SQL functions and aggregates.  See
** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
** for additional information.
**
** These functions work very much like the [parameter binding] family of
................................................................................
void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*);
void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences

**
** ^These functions add, remove, or modify a [collation] associated
** with the [database connection] specified as the first argument.
**
** ^The name of the collation is a UTF-8 string
** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2()
** and a UTF-16 string in native byte order for sqlite3_create_collation16().
................................................................................
  int eTextRep, 
  void *pArg,
  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks

**
** ^To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database
** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the
** [database connection] to be invoked whenever an undefined collation
** sequence is required.
**
** ^If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API,
................................................................................
** or else the use of the [data_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
*/
SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_data_directory;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Test For Auto-Commit Mode
** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode}

**
** ^The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or
** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
** respectively.  ^Autocommit mode is on by default.
** ^Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
** ^Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
**
................................................................................
** connection while this routine is running, then the return value
** is undefined.
*/
int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement

**
** ^The sqlite3_db_handle interface returns the [database connection] handle
** to which a [prepared statement] belongs.  ^The [database connection]
** returned by sqlite3_db_handle is the same [database connection]
** that was the first argument
** to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] call (or its variants) that was used to
** create the statement in the first place.
*/
sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Return The Filename For A Database Connection

**
** ^The sqlite3_db_filename(D,N) interface returns a pointer to a filename
** associated with database N of connection D.  ^The main database file
** has the name "main".  If there is no attached database N on the database
** connection D, or if database N is a temporary or in-memory database, then
** a NULL pointer is returned.
**
................................................................................
** will be an absolute pathname, even if the filename used
** to open the database originally was a URI or relative pathname.
*/
const char *sqlite3_db_filename(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Determine if a database is read-only

**
** ^The sqlite3_db_readonly(D,N) interface returns 1 if the database N
** of connection D is read-only, 0 if it is read/write, or -1 if N is not
** the name of a database on connection D.
*/
int sqlite3_db_readonly(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Find the next prepared statement

**
** ^This interface returns a pointer to the next [prepared statement] after
** pStmt associated with the [database connection] pDb.  ^If pStmt is NULL
** then this interface returns a pointer to the first prepared statement
** associated with the database connection pDb.  ^If no prepared statement
** satisfies the conditions of this routine, it returns NULL.
**
................................................................................
** [sqlite3_next_stmt(D,S)] must refer to an open database
** connection and in particular must not be a NULL pointer.
*/
sqlite3_stmt *sqlite3_next_stmt(sqlite3 *pDb, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks

**
** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback
** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [COMMIT | committed].
** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
** for the same database connection is overridden.
** ^The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback
** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [ROLLBACK | rolled back].
................................................................................
** See also the [sqlite3_update_hook()] interface.
*/
void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*);
void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks

**
** ^The sqlite3_update_hook() interface registers a callback function
** with the [database connection] identified by the first argument
** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted in
** a rowid table.
** ^Any callback set by a previous call to this function
** for the same database connection is overridden.
................................................................................
**
** See also: [sqlite3_db_release_memory()]
*/
int sqlite3_release_memory(int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Free Memory Used By A Database Connection

**
** ^The sqlite3_db_release_memory(D) interface attempts to free as much heap
** memory as possible from database connection D. Unlike the
** [sqlite3_release_memory()] interface, this interface is in effect even
** when the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT] compile-time option is
** omitted.
**
................................................................................
** [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] interface rather than this one.
*/
SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int N);


/*
** CAPI3REF: Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table

**
** ^(The sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,....) routine returns
** information about column C of table T in database D
** on [database connection] X.)^  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata()
** interface returns SQLITE_OK and fills in the non-NULL pointers in
** the final five arguments with appropriate values if the specified
** column exists.  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata() interface returns
................................................................................
  int *pNotNull,              /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */
  int *pPrimaryKey,           /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */
  int *pAutoinc               /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension

**
** ^This interface loads an SQLite extension library from the named file.
**
** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface attempts to load an
** [SQLite extension] library contained in the file zFile.  If
** the file cannot be loaded directly, attempts are made to load
** with various operating-system specific extensions added.
................................................................................
  const char *zFile,    /* Name of the shared library containing extension */
  const char *zProc,    /* Entry point.  Derived from zFile if 0 */
  char **pzErrMsg       /* Put error message here if not 0 */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extension Loading

**
** ^So as not to open security holes in older applications that are
** unprepared to deal with [extension loading], and as a means of disabling
** [extension loading] while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following API
** is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and off.
**
** ^Extension loading is off by default.
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE    8
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT    16
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE    32
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH 64

/*
** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation

**
** ^These routines are used to register a new [virtual table module] name.
** ^Module names must be registered before
** creating a new [virtual table] using the module and before using a
** preexisting [virtual table] for the module.
**
** ^The module name is registered on the [database connection] specified
................................................................................
** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
** the virtual tables they implement.
*/
int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zSQL);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table

**
** ^(Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
** using the [xFindFunction] method of the [virtual table module].  
** But global versions of those functions
** must exist in order to be overloaded.)^
**
** ^(This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular
................................................................................
** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB.
** ^The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O


**
** ^(This interfaces opens a [BLOB handle | handle] to the BLOB located
** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by:
**
** <pre>
**     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE [rowid] = iRow;
................................................................................
  sqlite3_int64 iRow,
  int flags,
  sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Move a BLOB Handle to a New Row

**
** ^This function is used to move an existing blob handle so that it points
** to a different row of the same database table. ^The new row is identified
** by the rowid value passed as the second argument. Only the row can be
** changed. ^The database, table and column on which the blob handle is open
** remain the same. Moving an existing blob handle to a new row can be
** faster than closing the existing handle and opening a new one.
................................................................................
**
** ^This function sets the database handle error code and message.
*/
SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_blob_reopen(sqlite3_blob *, sqlite3_int64);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Close A BLOB Handle

**
** ^This function closes an open [BLOB handle]. ^(The BLOB handle is closed
** unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns an error code, the 
** handle is still closed.)^
**
** ^If the blob handle being closed was opened for read-write access, and if
** the database is in auto-commit mode and there are no other open read-write
................................................................................
** is passed a valid open blob handle, the values returned by the 
** sqlite3_errcode() and sqlite3_errmsg() functions are set before returning.
*/
int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB

**
** ^Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the 
** successfully opened [BLOB handle] in its only argument.  ^The
** incremental blob I/O routines can only read or overwriting existing
** blob content; they cannot change the size of a blob.
**
** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
................................................................................
** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
*/
int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally

**
** ^(This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a
** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z
** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
**
** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  ^If N or iOffset is
................................................................................
**
** See also: [sqlite3_blob_write()].
*/
int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally

**
** ^(This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a
** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z
** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
**
** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_write() returns SQLITE_OK.
** Otherwise, an  [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM      7  /* sqlite3PageMalloc() */
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1      8  /* For use by application */
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2      9  /* For use by application */
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3     10  /* For use by application */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Retrieve the mutex for a database connection

**
** ^This interface returns a pointer the [sqlite3_mutex] object that 
** serializes access to the [database connection] given in the argument
** when the [threading mode] is Serialized.
** ^If the [threading mode] is Single-thread or Multi-thread then this
** routine returns a NULL pointer.
*/
sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_db_mutex(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files

**
** ^The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the
** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated
** with a particular database identified by the second argument. ^The
** name of the database is "main" for the main database or "temp" for the
** TEMP database, or the name that appears after the AS keyword for
** databases that are added using the [ATTACH] SQL command.
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK         6
#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE       7
#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE         8
#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT         9

/*
** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Status

**
** ^This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information 
** about a single [database connection].  ^The first argument is the
** database connection object to be interrogated.  ^The second argument
** is an integer constant, taken from the set of
** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options], that
** determines the parameter to interrogate.  The set of 
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE          9
#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS        10
#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_MAX                 10   /* Largest defined DBSTATUS */


/*
** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Status

**
** ^(Each prepared statement maintains various
** [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters] that measure the number
** of times it has performed specific operations.)^  These counters can
** be used to monitor the performance characteristics of the prepared
** statements.  For example, if the number of table steps greatly exceeds
** the number of table searches or result rows, that would tend to indicate
................................................................................
int sqlite3_backup_step(sqlite3_backup *p, int nPage);
int sqlite3_backup_finish(sqlite3_backup *p);
int sqlite3_backup_remaining(sqlite3_backup *p);
int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Unlock Notification

**
** ^When running in shared-cache mode, a database operation may fail with
** an [SQLITE_LOCKED] error if the required locks on the shared-cache or
** individual tables within the shared-cache cannot be obtained. See
** [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] for a description of shared-cache locking. 
** ^This API may be used to register a callback that SQLite will invoke 
** when the connection currently holding the required lock relinquishes it.
................................................................................
** a few hundred characters, it will be truncated to the length of the
** buffer.
*/
void sqlite3_log(int iErrCode, const char *zFormat, ...);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Write-Ahead Log Commit Hook

**
** ^The [sqlite3_wal_hook()] function is used to register a callback that
** is invoked each time data is committed to a database in wal mode.
**
** ^(The callback is invoked by SQLite after the commit has taken place and 
** the associated write-lock on the database released)^, so the implementation 
** may read, write or [checkpoint] the database as required.
................................................................................
  sqlite3*, 
  int(*)(void *,sqlite3*,const char*,int),
  void*
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Configure an auto-checkpoint

**
** ^The [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(D,N)] is a wrapper around
** [sqlite3_wal_hook()] that causes any database on [database connection] D
** to automatically [checkpoint]
** after committing a transaction if there are N or
** more frames in the [write-ahead log] file.  ^Passing zero or 
** a negative value as the nFrame parameter disables automatic
................................................................................
** is only necessary if the default setting is found to be suboptimal
** for a particular application.
*/
int sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(sqlite3 *db, int N);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database

**
** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) is equivalent to
** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2](D,X,[SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE],0,0).)^
**
** In brief, sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) causes the content in the 
** [write-ahead log] for database X on [database connection] D to be
** transferred into the database file and for the write-ahead log to
................................................................................
** start a callback but which do not need the full power (and corresponding
** complication) of [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()].
*/
int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database

**
** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(D,X,M,L,C) interface runs a checkpoint
** operation on database X of [database connection] D in mode M.  Status
** information is written back into integers pointed to by L and C.)^
** ^(The M parameter must be a valid [checkpoint mode]:)^
**
** <dl>
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST      2
#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME     3
#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN  4
#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID 5

/*
** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status

**
** This interface returns information about the predicted and measured
** performance for pStmt.  Advanced applications can use this
** interface to compare the predicted and the measured performance and
** issue warnings and/or rerun [ANALYZE] if discrepancies are found.
**
** Since this interface is expected to be rarely used, it is only
................................................................................
  int idx,                  /* Index of loop to report on */
  int iScanStatusOp,        /* Information desired.  SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */
  void *pOut                /* Result written here */
);     

/*
** CAPI3REF: Zero Scan-Status Counters

**
** ^Zero all [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus()] related event counters.
**
** This API is only available if the library is built with pre-processor
** symbol [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS] defined.
*/
SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset(sqlite3_stmt*);

*/
#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
# define double sqlite3_int64
#endif

/*
** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection
** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3
**
** ^The sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() routines are destructors
** for the [sqlite3] object.
** ^Calls to sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() return [SQLITE_OK] if
** the [sqlite3] object is successfully destroyed and all associated
** resources are deallocated.
**
................................................................................
** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
** compatibility and is not documented.
*/
typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);

/*
** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenience wrapper around
** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()],
** that allows an application to run multiple statements of SQL
** without having to use a lot of C code. 
**
** ^The sqlite3_exec() interface runs zero or more UTF-8 encoded,
................................................................................
** ^If the option is unknown or SQLite is unable to set the option
** then this routine returns a non-zero [error code].
*/
int sqlite3_config(int, ...);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Configure database connections
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** The sqlite3_db_config() interface is used to make configuration
** changes to a [database connection].  The interface is similar to
** [sqlite3_config()] except that the changes apply to a single
** [database connection] (specified in the first argument).
**
** The second argument to sqlite3_db_config(D,V,...)  is the
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE       1001  /* void* int int */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY     1002  /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER  1003  /* int int* */


/*
** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. ^The extended result
** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility.
*/
int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^Each entry in most SQLite tables (except for [WITHOUT ROWID] tables)
** has a unique 64-bit signed
** integer key called the [ROWID | "rowid"]. ^The rowid is always available
** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those
** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. ^If
** the table has a column of type [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] then that column
................................................................................
** unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new
** last insert [rowid].
*/
sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^This function returns the number of rows modified, inserted or
** deleted by the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE
** statement on the database connection specified by the only parameter.
** ^Executing any other type of SQL statement does not modify the value
** returned by this function.
**
................................................................................
** while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned
** is unpredictable and not meaningful.
*/
int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^This function returns the total number of rows inserted, modified or
** deleted by all [INSERT], [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statements completed
** since the database connection was opened, including those executed as
** part of trigger programs. ^Executing any other type of SQL statement
** does not affect the value returned by sqlite3_total_changes().
** 
................................................................................
** while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value
** returned is unpredictable and not meaningful.
*/
int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically
** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
** immediately.
**
................................................................................
*/
int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors
** KEYWORDS: {busy-handler callback} {busy handler}
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^The sqlite3_busy_handler(D,X,P) routine sets a callback function X
** that might be invoked with argument P whenever
** an attempt is made to access a database table associated with
** [database connection] D when another thread
** or process has the table locked.
** The sqlite3_busy_handler() interface is used to implement
................................................................................
** A busy handler must not close the database connection
** or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler.
*/
int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*,int), void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps
** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked.  ^The handler
** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping
** have accumulated.  ^After at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping,
** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return
** [SQLITE_BUSY].
................................................................................
**
** See also:  [PRAGMA busy_timeout]
*/
int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** This is a legacy interface that is preserved for backwards compatibility.
** Use of this interface is not recommended.
**
** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is memory data structure created by the
** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface.  A result table records the
** complete query results from one or more queries.
................................................................................
** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness
** method.
*/
void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^This routine registers an authorizer callback with a particular
** [database connection], supplied in the first argument.
** ^The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
** [sqlite3_prepare16()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].  ^At various
** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* NULL            Function Name   */
#define SQLITE_SAVEPOINT            32   /* Operation       Savepoint Name  */
#define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */
#define SQLITE_RECURSIVE            33   /* NULL            NULL            */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
**
** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at
** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()].
** ^The sqlite3_trace() callback is invoked with a UTF-8 rendering of the
................................................................................
*/
void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*, void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
   void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^The sqlite3_progress_handler(D,N,X,P) interface causes the callback
** function X to be invoked periodically during long running calls to
** [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()] and [sqlite3_get_table()] for
** database connection D.  An example use for this
** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
**
................................................................................
** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
**
*/
void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection
** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3
**
** ^These routines open an SQLite database file as specified by the 
** filename argument. ^The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for
** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte
** order for sqlite3_open16(). ^(A [database connection] handle is usually
** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs.  The only exception is that
** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object,
................................................................................
const char *sqlite3_uri_parameter(const char *zFilename, const char *zParam);
int sqlite3_uri_boolean(const char *zFile, const char *zParam, int bDefault);
sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_uri_int64(const char*, const char*, sqlite3_int64);


/*
** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^If the most recent sqlite3_* API call associated with 
** [database connection] D failed, then the sqlite3_errcode(D) interface
** returns the numeric [result code] or [extended result code] for that
** API call.
** If the most recent API call was successful,
** then the return value from sqlite3_errcode() is undefined.
................................................................................
int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
int sqlite3_extended_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);
const char *sqlite3_errstr(int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Object
** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements}
**
** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement that
** has been compiled into binary form and is ready to be evaluated.

**
** Think of each SQL statement as a separate computer program.  The
** original SQL text is source code.  A prepared statement object 
** is the compiled object code.  All SQL must be converted into a
** prepared statement before it can be run.
**
** The life-cycle of a prepared statement object usually goes like this:
**
** <ol>
** <li> Create the prepared statement object using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].

** <li> Bind values to [parameters] using the sqlite3_bind_*()
**      interfaces.
** <li> Run the SQL by calling [sqlite3_step()] one or more times.
** <li> Reset the prepared statement using [sqlite3_reset()] then go back
**      to step 2.  Do this zero or more times.
** <li> Destroy the object using [sqlite3_finalize()].
** </ol>



*/
typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^(This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited
** on a connection by connection basis.  The first parameter is the
** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried.  The
** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a
** class of constructs to be size limited.  The third parameter is the
** new limit for that construct.)^
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH            10
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS           11

/*
** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement
** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}
** METHOD: sqlite3
** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
**
** To execute an SQL query, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
** program using one of these routines.
**
** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a
** prior successful call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or
** [sqlite3_open16()].  The database connection must not have been closed.
................................................................................
  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Retrieving Statement SQL
** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
**
** ^This interface can be used to retrieve a saved copy of the original
** SQL text used to create a [prepared statement] if that statement was
** compiled using either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
*/
const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Writes The Database
** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
**
** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly(X) interface returns true (non-zero) if
** and only if the [prepared statement] X makes no direct changes to
** the content of the database file.
**
** Note that [application-defined SQL functions] or
** [virtual tables] might change the database indirectly as a side effect.  
................................................................................
** change the configuration of a database connection, they do not make 
** changes to the content of the database files on disk.
*/
int sqlite3_stmt_readonly(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Determine If A Prepared Statement Has Been Reset
** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
**
** ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S) interface returns true (non-zero) if the
** [prepared statement] S has been stepped at least once using 
** [sqlite3_step(S)] but has not run to completion and/or has not 
** been reset using [sqlite3_reset(S)].  ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S)
** interface returns false if S is a NULL pointer.  If S is not a 
** NULL pointer and is not a pointer to a valid [prepared statement]
................................................................................
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Binding Values To Prepared Statements
** KEYWORDS: {host parameter} {host parameters} {host parameter name}
** KEYWORDS: {SQL parameter} {SQL parameters} {parameter binding}
** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
**
** ^(In the SQL statement text input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants,
** literals may be replaced by a [parameter] that matches one of following
** templates:
**
** <ul>
** <li>  ?
................................................................................
int sqlite3_bind_text64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, sqlite3_uint64,
                         void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*);
int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters
** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
**
** ^This routine can be used to find the number of [SQL parameters]
** in a [prepared statement].  SQL parameters are tokens of the
** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as
** placeholders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound]
** to the parameters at a later time.
**
................................................................................
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
*/
int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter
** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
**
** ^The sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(P,N) interface returns
** the name of the N-th [SQL parameter] in the [prepared statement] P.
** ^(SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
** respectively.
** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?"
................................................................................
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
*/
const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name
** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
**
** ^Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name.  ^The
** index value returned is suitable for use as the second
** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()].  ^A zero
** is returned if no matching parameter is found.  ^The parameter
** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement
** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
................................................................................
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
*/
int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement
** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
**
** ^Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not reset
** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a [prepared statement].
** ^Use this routine to reset all host parameters to NULL.
*/
int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set
** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
**
** ^Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the
** [prepared statement]. ^This routine returns 0 if pStmt is an SQL
** statement that does not return data (for example an [UPDATE]).
**
** See also: [sqlite3_data_count()]
*/
int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set
** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
**
** ^These routines return the name assigned to a particular column
** in the result set of a [SELECT] statement.  ^The sqlite3_column_name()
** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string
** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated
** UTF-16 string.  ^The first parameter is the [prepared statement]
** that implements the [SELECT] statement. ^The second parameter is the
................................................................................
** one release of SQLite to the next.
*/
const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result
** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
**
** ^These routines provide a means to determine the database, table, and
** table column that is the origin of a particular result column in
** [SELECT] statement.
** ^The name of the database or table or column can be returned as
** either a UTF-8 or UTF-16 string.  ^The _database_ routines return
** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and
................................................................................
const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result
** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
**
** ^(The first parameter is a [prepared statement].
** If this statement is a [SELECT] statement and the Nth column of the
** returned result set of that [SELECT] is a table column (not an
** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table
** column is returned.)^  ^If the Nth column of the result set is an
** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned.
................................................................................
** used to hold those values.
*/
const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Evaluate An SQL Statement
** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
**
** After a [prepared statement] has been prepared using either
** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or one of the legacy
** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()], this function
** must be called one or more times to evaluate the statement.
**
** The details of the behavior of the sqlite3_step() interface depend
................................................................................
** then the more specific [error codes] are returned directly
** by sqlite3_step().  The use of the "v2" interface is recommended.
*/
int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set
** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
**
** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) interface returns the number of columns in the
** current row of the result set of [prepared statement] P.
** ^If prepared statement P does not have results ready to return
** (via calls to the [sqlite3_column_int | sqlite3_column_*()] of
** interfaces) then sqlite3_data_count(P) returns 0.
** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine also returns 0 if P is a NULL pointer.
................................................................................
# define SQLITE_TEXT     3
#endif
#define SQLITE3_TEXT     3

/*
** CAPI3REF: Result Values From A Query
** KEYWORDS: {column access functions}
** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
**
** These routines form the "result set" interface.
**
** ^These routines return information about a single column of the current
** result row of a query.  ^In every case the first argument is a pointer
** to the [prepared statement] that is being evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*]
** that was returned from [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or one of its variants)
................................................................................
const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object
** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
**
** ^The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a [prepared statement].
** ^If the most recent evaluation of the statement encountered no errors
** or if the statement is never been evaluated, then sqlite3_finalize() returns
** SQLITE_OK.  ^If the most recent evaluation of statement S failed, then
** sqlite3_finalize(S) returns the appropriate [error code] or
** [extended error code].
................................................................................
** statement after it has been finalized can result in undefined and
** undesirable behavior such as segfaults and heap corruption.
*/
int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object
** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
**
** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a [prepared statement]
** object back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed.
** ^Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using
** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values.
** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings.
**
................................................................................
int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions
** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines}
** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL function}
** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL functions}
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^These functions (collectively known as "function creation routines")
** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior
** of existing SQL functions or aggregates.  The only differences between
** these routines are the text encoding expected for
** the second parameter (the name of the function being created)
** and the presence or absence of a destructor callback for
................................................................................
SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void);
SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int),
                      void*,sqlite3_int64);
#endif

/*
** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Function Parameter Values
** METHOD: sqlite3_value
**
** The C-language implementation of SQL functions and aggregates uses
** this set of interface routines to access the parameter values on
** the function or aggregate.
**
** The xFunc (for scalar functions) or xStep (for aggregates) parameters
** to [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
................................................................................
const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*);
const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*);
int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*);
int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context
** METHOD: sqlite3_context
**
** Implementations of aggregate SQL functions use this
** routine to allocate memory for storing their state.
**
** ^The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine is called 
** for a particular aggregate function, SQLite
** allocates N of memory, zeroes out that memory, and returns a pointer
................................................................................
** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
** the aggregate SQL function is running.
*/
void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes);

/*
** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions
** METHOD: sqlite3_context
**
** ^The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of
** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter)
** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
** registered the application defined function.
**
................................................................................
** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
** the application-defined function is running.
*/
void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions
** METHOD: sqlite3_context
**
** ^The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of
** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter)
** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
** registered the application defined function.
*/
sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data
** METHOD: sqlite3_context
**
** These functions may be used by (non-aggregate) SQL functions to
** associate metadata with argument values. If the same value is passed to
** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under
** some circumstances the associated metadata may be preserved.  An example
** of where this might be useful is in a regular-expression matching
** function. The compiled version of the regular expression can be stored as
................................................................................
*/
typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
#define SQLITE_STATIC      ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0)
#define SQLITE_TRANSIENT   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1)

/*
** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function
** METHOD: sqlite3_context
**
** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that
** implement SQL functions and aggregates.  See
** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
** for additional information.
**
** These functions work very much like the [parameter binding] family of
................................................................................
void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*);
void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^These functions add, remove, or modify a [collation] associated
** with the [database connection] specified as the first argument.
**
** ^The name of the collation is a UTF-8 string
** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2()
** and a UTF-16 string in native byte order for sqlite3_create_collation16().
................................................................................
  int eTextRep, 
  void *pArg,
  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database
** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the
** [database connection] to be invoked whenever an undefined collation
** sequence is required.
**
** ^If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API,
................................................................................
** or else the use of the [data_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
*/
SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_data_directory;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Test For Auto-Commit Mode
** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode}
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or
** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
** respectively.  ^Autocommit mode is on by default.
** ^Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
** ^Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
**
................................................................................
** connection while this routine is running, then the return value
** is undefined.
*/
int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement
** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
**
** ^The sqlite3_db_handle interface returns the [database connection] handle
** to which a [prepared statement] belongs.  ^The [database connection]
** returned by sqlite3_db_handle is the same [database connection]
** that was the first argument
** to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] call (or its variants) that was used to
** create the statement in the first place.
*/
sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Return The Filename For A Database Connection
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^The sqlite3_db_filename(D,N) interface returns a pointer to a filename
** associated with database N of connection D.  ^The main database file
** has the name "main".  If there is no attached database N on the database
** connection D, or if database N is a temporary or in-memory database, then
** a NULL pointer is returned.
**
................................................................................
** will be an absolute pathname, even if the filename used
** to open the database originally was a URI or relative pathname.
*/
const char *sqlite3_db_filename(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Determine if a database is read-only
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^The sqlite3_db_readonly(D,N) interface returns 1 if the database N
** of connection D is read-only, 0 if it is read/write, or -1 if N is not
** the name of a database on connection D.
*/
int sqlite3_db_readonly(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Find the next prepared statement
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^This interface returns a pointer to the next [prepared statement] after
** pStmt associated with the [database connection] pDb.  ^If pStmt is NULL
** then this interface returns a pointer to the first prepared statement
** associated with the database connection pDb.  ^If no prepared statement
** satisfies the conditions of this routine, it returns NULL.
**
................................................................................
** [sqlite3_next_stmt(D,S)] must refer to an open database
** connection and in particular must not be a NULL pointer.
*/
sqlite3_stmt *sqlite3_next_stmt(sqlite3 *pDb, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback
** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [COMMIT | committed].
** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
** for the same database connection is overridden.
** ^The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback
** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [ROLLBACK | rolled back].
................................................................................
** See also the [sqlite3_update_hook()] interface.
*/
void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*);
void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^The sqlite3_update_hook() interface registers a callback function
** with the [database connection] identified by the first argument
** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted in
** a rowid table.
** ^Any callback set by a previous call to this function
** for the same database connection is overridden.
................................................................................
**
** See also: [sqlite3_db_release_memory()]
*/
int sqlite3_release_memory(int);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Free Memory Used By A Database Connection
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^The sqlite3_db_release_memory(D) interface attempts to free as much heap
** memory as possible from database connection D. Unlike the
** [sqlite3_release_memory()] interface, this interface is in effect even
** when the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT] compile-time option is
** omitted.
**
................................................................................
** [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] interface rather than this one.
*/
SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int N);


/*
** CAPI3REF: Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^(The sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,....) routine returns
** information about column C of table T in database D
** on [database connection] X.)^  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata()
** interface returns SQLITE_OK and fills in the non-NULL pointers in
** the final five arguments with appropriate values if the specified
** column exists.  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata() interface returns
................................................................................
  int *pNotNull,              /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */
  int *pPrimaryKey,           /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */
  int *pAutoinc               /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^This interface loads an SQLite extension library from the named file.
**
** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface attempts to load an
** [SQLite extension] library contained in the file zFile.  If
** the file cannot be loaded directly, attempts are made to load
** with various operating-system specific extensions added.
................................................................................
  const char *zFile,    /* Name of the shared library containing extension */
  const char *zProc,    /* Entry point.  Derived from zFile if 0 */
  char **pzErrMsg       /* Put error message here if not 0 */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extension Loading
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^So as not to open security holes in older applications that are
** unprepared to deal with [extension loading], and as a means of disabling
** [extension loading] while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following API
** is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and off.
**
** ^Extension loading is off by default.
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE    8
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT    16
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE    32
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH 64

/*
** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^These routines are used to register a new [virtual table module] name.
** ^Module names must be registered before
** creating a new [virtual table] using the module and before using a
** preexisting [virtual table] for the module.
**
** ^The module name is registered on the [database connection] specified
................................................................................
** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
** the virtual tables they implement.
*/
int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zSQL);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^(Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
** using the [xFindFunction] method of the [virtual table module].  
** But global versions of those functions
** must exist in order to be overloaded.)^
**
** ^(This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular
................................................................................
** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB.
** ^The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O
** METHOD: sqlite3
** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
**
** ^(This interfaces opens a [BLOB handle | handle] to the BLOB located
** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by:
**
** <pre>
**     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE [rowid] = iRow;
................................................................................
  sqlite3_int64 iRow,
  int flags,
  sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Move a BLOB Handle to a New Row
** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
**
** ^This function is used to move an existing blob handle so that it points
** to a different row of the same database table. ^The new row is identified
** by the rowid value passed as the second argument. Only the row can be
** changed. ^The database, table and column on which the blob handle is open
** remain the same. Moving an existing blob handle to a new row can be
** faster than closing the existing handle and opening a new one.
................................................................................
**
** ^This function sets the database handle error code and message.
*/
SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_blob_reopen(sqlite3_blob *, sqlite3_int64);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Close A BLOB Handle
** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
**
** ^This function closes an open [BLOB handle]. ^(The BLOB handle is closed
** unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns an error code, the 
** handle is still closed.)^
**
** ^If the blob handle being closed was opened for read-write access, and if
** the database is in auto-commit mode and there are no other open read-write
................................................................................
** is passed a valid open blob handle, the values returned by the 
** sqlite3_errcode() and sqlite3_errmsg() functions are set before returning.
*/
int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB
** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
**
** ^Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the 
** successfully opened [BLOB handle] in its only argument.  ^The
** incremental blob I/O routines can only read or overwriting existing
** blob content; they cannot change the size of a blob.
**
** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
................................................................................
** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
*/
int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally
** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
**
** ^(This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a
** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z
** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
**
** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  ^If N or iOffset is
................................................................................
**
** See also: [sqlite3_blob_write()].
*/
int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally
** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
**
** ^(This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a
** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z
** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
**
** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_write() returns SQLITE_OK.
** Otherwise, an  [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM      7  /* sqlite3PageMalloc() */
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1      8  /* For use by application */
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2      9  /* For use by application */
#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3     10  /* For use by application */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Retrieve the mutex for a database connection
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^This interface returns a pointer the [sqlite3_mutex] object that 
** serializes access to the [database connection] given in the argument
** when the [threading mode] is Serialized.
** ^If the [threading mode] is Single-thread or Multi-thread then this
** routine returns a NULL pointer.
*/
sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_db_mutex(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the
** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated
** with a particular database identified by the second argument. ^The
** name of the database is "main" for the main database or "temp" for the
** TEMP database, or the name that appears after the AS keyword for
** databases that are added using the [ATTACH] SQL command.
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK         6
#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE       7
#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE         8
#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT         9

/*
** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Status
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information 
** about a single [database connection].  ^The first argument is the
** database connection object to be interrogated.  ^The second argument
** is an integer constant, taken from the set of
** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options], that
** determines the parameter to interrogate.  The set of 
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE          9
#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS        10
#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_MAX                 10   /* Largest defined DBSTATUS */


/*
** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Status
** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
**
** ^(Each prepared statement maintains various
** [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters] that measure the number
** of times it has performed specific operations.)^  These counters can
** be used to monitor the performance characteristics of the prepared
** statements.  For example, if the number of table steps greatly exceeds
** the number of table searches or result rows, that would tend to indicate
................................................................................
int sqlite3_backup_step(sqlite3_backup *p, int nPage);
int sqlite3_backup_finish(sqlite3_backup *p);
int sqlite3_backup_remaining(sqlite3_backup *p);
int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Unlock Notification
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^When running in shared-cache mode, a database operation may fail with
** an [SQLITE_LOCKED] error if the required locks on the shared-cache or
** individual tables within the shared-cache cannot be obtained. See
** [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] for a description of shared-cache locking. 
** ^This API may be used to register a callback that SQLite will invoke 
** when the connection currently holding the required lock relinquishes it.
................................................................................
** a few hundred characters, it will be truncated to the length of the
** buffer.
*/
void sqlite3_log(int iErrCode, const char *zFormat, ...);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Write-Ahead Log Commit Hook
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^The [sqlite3_wal_hook()] function is used to register a callback that
** is invoked each time data is committed to a database in wal mode.
**
** ^(The callback is invoked by SQLite after the commit has taken place and 
** the associated write-lock on the database released)^, so the implementation 
** may read, write or [checkpoint] the database as required.
................................................................................
  sqlite3*, 
  int(*)(void *,sqlite3*,const char*,int),
  void*
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Configure an auto-checkpoint
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^The [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(D,N)] is a wrapper around
** [sqlite3_wal_hook()] that causes any database on [database connection] D
** to automatically [checkpoint]
** after committing a transaction if there are N or
** more frames in the [write-ahead log] file.  ^Passing zero or 
** a negative value as the nFrame parameter disables automatic
................................................................................
** is only necessary if the default setting is found to be suboptimal
** for a particular application.
*/
int sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(sqlite3 *db, int N);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) is equivalent to
** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2](D,X,[SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE],0,0).)^
**
** In brief, sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) causes the content in the 
** [write-ahead log] for database X on [database connection] D to be
** transferred into the database file and for the write-ahead log to
................................................................................
** start a callback but which do not need the full power (and corresponding
** complication) of [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()].
*/
int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(D,X,M,L,C) interface runs a checkpoint
** operation on database X of [database connection] D in mode M.  Status
** information is written back into integers pointed to by L and C.)^
** ^(The M parameter must be a valid [checkpoint mode]:)^
**
** <dl>
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST      2
#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME     3
#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN  4
#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID 5

/*
** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status
** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
**
** This interface returns information about the predicted and measured
** performance for pStmt.  Advanced applications can use this
** interface to compare the predicted and the measured performance and
** issue warnings and/or rerun [ANALYZE] if discrepancies are found.
**
** Since this interface is expected to be rarely used, it is only
................................................................................
  int idx,                  /* Index of loop to report on */
  int iScanStatusOp,        /* Information desired.  SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */
  void *pOut                /* Result written here */
);     

/*
** CAPI3REF: Zero Scan-Status Counters
** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
**
** ^Zero all [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus()] related event counters.
**
** This API is only available if the library is built with pre-processor
** symbol [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS] defined.
*/
SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset(sqlite3_stmt*);

          sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "interrupt");
          pParse->rc = SQLITE_INTERRUPT;
          goto abort_parse;
        }
        break;
      }
      case TK_ILLEGAL: {
        sqlite3DbFree(db, *pzErrMsg);
        *pzErrMsg = sqlite3MPrintf(db, "unrecognized token: \"%T\"",
                        &pParse->sLastToken);
        nErr++;
        goto abort_parse;
      }
      case TK_SEMI: {
        pParse->zTail = &zSql[i];
        /* Fall thru into the default case */
      }
      default: {
................................................................................
          goto abort_parse;
        }
        break;
      }
    }
  }
abort_parse:

  if( zSql[i]==0 && nErr==0 && pParse->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    if( lastTokenParsed!=TK_SEMI ){
      sqlite3Parser(pEngine, TK_SEMI, pParse->sLastToken, pParse);
      pParse->zTail = &zSql[i];
    }
    sqlite3Parser(pEngine, 0, pParse->sLastToken, pParse);
  }
#ifdef YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH

          sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "interrupt");
          pParse->rc = SQLITE_INTERRUPT;
          goto abort_parse;
        }
        break;
      }
      case TK_ILLEGAL: {

        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "unrecognized token: \"%T\"",
                        &pParse->sLastToken);

        goto abort_parse;
      }
      case TK_SEMI: {
        pParse->zTail = &zSql[i];
        /* Fall thru into the default case */
      }
      default: {
................................................................................
          goto abort_parse;
        }
        break;
      }
    }
  }
abort_parse:
  assert( nErr==0 );
  if( zSql[i]==0 && pParse->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    if( lastTokenParsed!=TK_SEMI ){
      sqlite3Parser(pEngine, TK_SEMI, pParse->sLastToken, pParse);
      pParse->zTail = &zSql[i];
    }
    sqlite3Parser(pEngine, 0, pParse->sLastToken, pParse);
  }
#ifdef YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH

  for(i=0; i<pList->nExpr; i++){
    Expr *p = sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(pList->a[i].pExpr);
    if( p->op==TK_COLUMN
     && p->iColumn==pIdx->aiColumn[iCol]
     && p->iTable==iBase
    ){
      CollSeq *pColl = sqlite3ExprCollSeq(pParse, pList->a[i].pExpr);
      if( ALWAYS(pColl) && 0==sqlite3StrICmp(pColl->zName, zColl) ){
        return i;
      }
    }
  }

  return -1;
}
................................................................................
      testcase( iCol==BMS-1 );
      testcase( iCol==BMS );
      if( (idxCols & cMask)==0 ){
        Expr *pX = pTerm->pExpr;
        idxCols |= cMask;
        pIdx->aiColumn[n] = pTerm->u.leftColumn;
        pColl = sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq(pParse, pX->pLeft, pX->pRight);
        pIdx->azColl[n] = ALWAYS(pColl) ? pColl->zName : "BINARY";
        n++;
      }
    }
  }
  assert( (u32)n==pLoop->u.btree.nEq );

  /* Add additional columns needed to make the automatic index into

  for(i=0; i<pList->nExpr; i++){
    Expr *p = sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(pList->a[i].pExpr);
    if( p->op==TK_COLUMN
     && p->iColumn==pIdx->aiColumn[iCol]
     && p->iTable==iBase
    ){
      CollSeq *pColl = sqlite3ExprCollSeq(pParse, pList->a[i].pExpr);
      if( pColl && 0==sqlite3StrICmp(pColl->zName, zColl) ){
        return i;
      }
    }
  }

  return -1;
}
................................................................................
      testcase( iCol==BMS-1 );
      testcase( iCol==BMS );
      if( (idxCols & cMask)==0 ){
        Expr *pX = pTerm->pExpr;
        idxCols |= cMask;
        pIdx->aiColumn[n] = pTerm->u.leftColumn;
        pColl = sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq(pParse, pX->pLeft, pX->pRight);
        pIdx->azColl[n] = pColl ? pColl->zName : "BINARY";
        n++;
      }
    }
  }
  assert( (u32)n==pLoop->u.btree.nEq );

  /* Add additional columns needed to make the automatic index into

  CREATE VIEW agg2 AS SELECT a, sum(b) AS m FROM t2 GROUP BY a;
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN
  SELECT t1.z, agg2.m
    FROM t1 JOIN agg2 ON t1.y=agg2.m
   WHERE t1.x IN (1,2,3);
} {/USING AUTOMATIC COVERING INDEX/}









finish_test

  CREATE VIEW agg2 AS SELECT a, sum(b) AS m FROM t2 GROUP BY a;
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN
  SELECT t1.z, agg2.m
    FROM t1 JOIN agg2 ON t1.y=agg2.m
   WHERE t1.x IN (1,2,3);
} {/USING AUTOMATIC COVERING INDEX/}

# 2015-04-15:  A NULL CollSeq pointer in automatic index creation.
#
do_execsql_test autoindex1-920 {
  CREATE TABLE t920(x);
  INSERT INTO t920 VALUES(3),(4),(5);
  SELECT * FROM t920,(SELECT 0 FROM t920),(VALUES(9)) WHERE 5 IN (x);
} {5 0 9 5 0 9 5 0 9}

finish_test

  INSERT INTO c1 VALUES(2, 'abb');
  INSERT INTO c1 VALUES(3, 'wxz');
  INSERT INTO c1 VALUES(4, 'WXY');
  SELECT x, y FROM c1 ORDER BY y COLLATE """""""";
} {2 abb 1 ABC 4 WXY 3 wxz}

finish_test

  INSERT INTO c1 VALUES(2, 'abb');
  INSERT INTO c1 VALUES(3, 'wxz');
  INSERT INTO c1 VALUES(4, 'WXY');
  SELECT x, y FROM c1 ORDER BY y COLLATE """""""";
} {2 abb 1 ABC 4 WXY 3 wxz}

# 2015-04-15:  Nested COLLATE operators
#
do_execsql_test 7.0 {
   SELECT 'abc' UNION ALL SELECT 'DEF'
    ORDER BY 1 COLLATE nocase COLLATE nocase COLLATE nocase COLLATE nocase;
} {abc DEF}
do_execsql_test 7.1 {
   SELECT 'abc' UNION ALL SELECT 'DEF'
    ORDER BY 1 COLLATE nocase COLLATE nocase COLLATE nocase COLLATE binary;
} {DEF abc}
do_execsql_test 7.2 {
   SELECT 'abc' UNION ALL SELECT 'DEF'
    ORDER BY 1 COLLATE binary COLLATE binary COLLATE binary COLLATE nocase;
} {abc DEF}


finish_test

#
# These tests ensure that when a user executes a statement with an 
# unknown collation sequence an error is returned.
#
do_test collate3-1.0 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE collate3t1(c1);
  }
} {}
do_test collate3-1.1 {
  catchsql {
    SELECT * FROM collate3t1 ORDER BY 1 collate garbage;
  }





} {1 {no such collation sequence: garbage}}
do_test collate3-1.2 {
  catchsql {
    CREATE TABLE collate3t2(c1 collate garbage);
  }
} {1 {no such collation sequence: garbage}}
do_test collate3-1.3 {

#
# These tests ensure that when a user executes a statement with an 
# unknown collation sequence an error is returned.
#
do_test collate3-1.0 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE collate3t1(c1 UNIQUE);
  }
} {}
do_test collate3-1.1 {
  catchsql {
    SELECT * FROM collate3t1 ORDER BY 1 collate garbage;
  }
} {1 {no such collation sequence: garbage}}
do_test collate3-1.1.2 {
  catchsql {
    SELECT DISTINCT c1 COLLATE garbage FROM collate3t1;
  }
} {1 {no such collation sequence: garbage}}
do_test collate3-1.2 {
  catchsql {
    CREATE TABLE collate3t2(c1 collate garbage);
  }
} {1 {no such collation sequence: garbage}}
do_test collate3-1.3 {

} {{[one <b>two</b> three]}}
do_execsql_test 3.3 {
  SELECT snippet(t3) FROM t3 WHERE t3 MATCH 'three';
} {{[one two <b>three</b>]}}
do_execsql_test 3.4 {
  SELECT snippet(t3) FROM t3 WHERE t3 MATCH 'one OR two OR three';
} {{[<b>one</b> <b>two</b> <b>three</b>]}}




















set sqlite_fts3_enable_parentheses 0
finish_test

} {{[one <b>two</b> three]}}
do_execsql_test 3.3 {
  SELECT snippet(t3) FROM t3 WHERE t3 MATCH 'three';
} {{[one two <b>three</b>]}}
do_execsql_test 3.4 {
  SELECT snippet(t3) FROM t3 WHERE t3 MATCH 'one OR two OR three';
} {{[<b>one</b> <b>two</b> <b>three</b>]}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Request a snippet 0 tokens in size. This is always an empty string.
do_execsql_test 4.1 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t4 USING fts4;
  INSERT INTO t4 VALUES('a b c d');
  SELECT snippet(t4, '[', ']', '...', 0, 0) FROM t4 WHERE t4 MATCH 'b';
} {{}}

do_test 4.2 {
  set x35 [string trim [string repeat "x " 35]]
  execsql "INSERT INTO t4 VALUES('$x35 E $x35 F $x35 G $x35');"
  llength [db one {
    SELECT snippet(t4, '', '', '', 0, 64) FROM t4 WHERE t4 MATCH 'E'
  }]
} {64}




set sqlite_fts3_enable_parentheses 0
finish_test

  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE tX USING fts3tokenize(nosuchtokenizer);
} {1 {unknown tokenizer: nosuchtokenizer}}

do_catchsql_test 2.1 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t4 USING fts3tokenize;
  SELECT * FROM t4;
} {1 {SQL logic error or missing database}}












finish_test

  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE tX USING fts3tokenize(nosuchtokenizer);
} {1 {unknown tokenizer: nosuchtokenizer}}

do_catchsql_test 2.1 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t4 USING fts3tokenize;
  SELECT * FROM t4;
} {1 {SQL logic error or missing database}}

do_catchsql_test 2.2 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t USING fts4(tokenize=simple""); 
} {0 {}}

ifcapable fts3_unicode {
  do_catchsql_test 2.3 {
    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE u USING fts4(tokenize=unicode61""); 
  } {1 {unknown tokenizer}}
}


finish_test

} {0}

# Oversized hex literals are rejected
#
do_catchsql_test hexlist-400 {
  SELECT 0x10000000000000000;
} {1 {hex literal too big: 0x10000000000000000}}







finish_test

} {0}

# Oversized hex literals are rejected
#
do_catchsql_test hexlist-400 {
  SELECT 0x10000000000000000;
} {1 {hex literal too big: 0x10000000000000000}}
do_catchsql_test hexlist-410 {
  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
  CREATE TABLE t1(x);
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1+0x10000000000000000);
} {1 {hex literal too big: 0x10000000000000000}}


finish_test

do_test in-13.14 {
  execsql {
    CREATE INDEX i5 ON b(id);
    SELECT * FROM a WHERE id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM b);
  }
} {}








do_test in-13.X {
  db nullvalue ""
} {}

finish_test

do_test in-13.14 {
  execsql {
    CREATE INDEX i5 ON b(id);
    SELECT * FROM a WHERE id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM b);
  }
} {}

do_test in-13.15 {
  catchsql {
    SELECT 0 WHERE (SELECT 0,0) OR (0 IN (1,2));
  }
} {1 {only a single result allowed for a SELECT that is part of an expression}}


do_test in-13.X {
  db nullvalue ""
} {}

finish_test

#
do_catchsql_test misc1-21.1 {
  select''like''like''like#0;
} {1 {near "#0": syntax error}}
do_catchsql_test misc1-21.2 {
  VALUES(0,0x0MATCH#0;
} {1 {near ";": syntax error}}






finish_test

#
do_catchsql_test misc1-21.1 {
  select''like''like''like#0;
} {1 {near "#0": syntax error}}
do_catchsql_test misc1-21.2 {
  VALUES(0,0x0MATCH#0;
} {1 {near ";": syntax error}}

# 2015-04-15
do_execsql_test misc1-22.1 {
  SELECT ""+3 FROM (SELECT ""+5);
} {3}

finish_test

            ORDER BY cid}
} [concat \
  {0 one INT 1 -1 0} \
  {1 two text 0 {} 0} \
  {2 three {VARCHAR(45, 65)} 0 'abcde' 0} \
  {3 four REAL 0 X'abcdef' 0} \
  {4 five {} 0 CURRENT_TIME 0} \










]
} ;# ifcapable schema_pragmas
# Miscellaneous tests
#
ifcapable schema_pragmas {
# EVIDENCE-OF: R-63500-32024 PRAGMA database.index_list(table-name);
# This pragma returns one row for each index associated with the given

            ORDER BY cid}
} [concat \
  {0 one INT 1 -1 0} \
  {1 two text 0 {} 0} \
  {2 three {VARCHAR(45, 65)} 0 'abcde' 0} \
  {3 four REAL 0 X'abcdef' 0} \
  {4 five {} 0 CURRENT_TIME 0} \
]
do_test pragma-6.8 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t68(a,b,c,PRIMARY KEY(a,b,a,c));
    PRAGMA table_info(t68);
  }
} [concat \
  {0 a {} 0 {} 1} \
  {1 b {} 0 {} 2} \
  {2 c {} 0 {} 4} \
]
} ;# ifcapable schema_pragmas
# Miscellaneous tests
#
ifcapable schema_pragmas {
# EVIDENCE-OF: R-63500-32024 PRAGMA database.index_list(table-name);
# This pragma returns one row for each index associated with the given

} {314159}
do_execsql_test printf2-1.10 {
  SELECT printf('%lld',314159.2653);
} {314159}
do_execsql_test printf2-1.11 {
  SELECT printf('%lld%n',314159.2653,'hi');
} {314159}




# EVIDENCE-OF: R-17002-27534 The %z format is interchangeable with %s.
#
do_execsql_test printf2-1.12 {
  SELECT printf('%.*z',5,'abcdefghijklmnop');
} {abcde}
do_execsql_test printf2-1.13 {

} {314159}
do_execsql_test printf2-1.10 {
  SELECT printf('%lld',314159.2653);
} {314159}
do_execsql_test printf2-1.11 {
  SELECT printf('%lld%n',314159.2653,'hi');
} {314159}
do_execsql_test printf2-1.12 {
  SELECT printf('%n',0);
} {{}}

# EVIDENCE-OF: R-17002-27534 The %z format is interchangeable with %s.
#
do_execsql_test printf2-1.12 {
  SELECT printf('%.*z',5,'abcdefghijklmnop');
} {abcde}
do_execsql_test printf2-1.13 {

    SELECT x FROM t2
    UNION ALL
    SELECT x FROM t2
    EXCEPT
    SELECT x FROM t2
  }
} {1 {SELECTs to the left and right of UNION do not have the same number of result columns}}






do_test select4-12.1 {
  sqlite3 db2 :memory:
  catchsql {
    SELECT 1 UNION SELECT 2,3 UNION SELECT 4,5 ORDER BY 1;
  } db2
} {1 {SELECTs to the left and right of UNION do not have the same number of result columns}}
................................................................................
} {}
do_execsql_test select4-14.8 {
  SELECT * FROM t14 EXCEPT VALUES('a','b','c') EXCEPT VALUES(4,5,6)
} {1 2 3}
do_execsql_test select4-14.9 {
  SELECT * FROM t14 UNION ALL VALUES(3,2,1),(2,3,1),(1,2,3),(2,1,3);
} {1 2 3 4 5 6 3 2 1 2 3 1 1 2 3 2 1 3}








finish_test

    SELECT x FROM t2
    UNION ALL
    SELECT x FROM t2
    EXCEPT
    SELECT x FROM t2
  }
} {1 {SELECTs to the left and right of UNION do not have the same number of result columns}}
do_test select4-11.16 {
  catchsql {
    INSERT INTO t2(rowid) VALUES(2) UNION SELECT 3,4 UNION SELECT 5,6 ORDER BY 1;
  }
} {1 {SELECTs to the left and right of UNION do not have the same number of result columns}}

do_test select4-12.1 {
  sqlite3 db2 :memory:
  catchsql {
    SELECT 1 UNION SELECT 2,3 UNION SELECT 4,5 ORDER BY 1;
  } db2
} {1 {SELECTs to the left and right of UNION do not have the same number of result columns}}
................................................................................
} {}
do_execsql_test select4-14.8 {
  SELECT * FROM t14 EXCEPT VALUES('a','b','c') EXCEPT VALUES(4,5,6)
} {1 2 3}
do_execsql_test select4-14.9 {
  SELECT * FROM t14 UNION ALL VALUES(3,2,1),(2,3,1),(1,2,3),(2,1,3);
} {1 2 3 4 5 6 3 2 1 2 3 1 1 2 3 2 1 3}
do_execsql_test select4-14.10 {
  SELECT (VALUES(1),(2),(3),(4))
} {1}
do_execsql_test select4-14.11 {
  SELECT (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 2 UNION ALL SELECT 3 UNION ALL SELECT 4)
} {1}


finish_test

} {}
do_test selectE-2.2 {
  db eval {
    SELECT a COLLATE nocase FROM t2 EXCEPT SELECT a FROM t3
     ORDER BY 1 COLLATE binary
  }
} {}






finish_test

} {}
do_test selectE-2.2 {
  db eval {
    SELECT a COLLATE nocase FROM t2 EXCEPT SELECT a FROM t3
     ORDER BY 1 COLLATE binary
  }
} {}

do_catchsql_test selectE-3.1 {
  SELECT 1 EXCEPT SELECT 2 ORDER BY 1 COLLATE nocase EXCEPT SELECT 3;
} {1 {ORDER BY clause should come after EXCEPT not before}}


finish_test

  }
  return az;
}

/*
** Print the sqlite3_value X as an SQL literal.
*/
static void printQuoted(sqlite3_value *X){
  switch( sqlite3_value_type(X) ){
    case SQLITE_FLOAT: {
      double r1;
      char zBuf[50];
      r1 = sqlite3_value_double(X);
      sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf), zBuf, "%!.15g", r1);
      printf("%s", zBuf);
      break;
    }
    case SQLITE_INTEGER: {
      printf("%lld", sqlite3_value_int64(X));
      break;
    }
    case SQLITE_BLOB: {
      const unsigned char *zBlob = sqlite3_value_blob(X);
      int nBlob = sqlite3_value_bytes(X);
      if( zBlob ){
        int i;
        printf("x'");
        for(i=0; i<nBlob; i++){
          printf("%02x", zBlob[i]);
        }
        printf("'");
      }else{
        printf("NULL");
      }
      break;
    }
    case SQLITE_TEXT: {
      const unsigned char *zArg = sqlite3_value_text(X);
      int i, j;

      if( zArg==0 ){
        printf("NULL");
      }else{
        printf("'");
        for(i=j=0; zArg[i]; i++){
          if( zArg[i]=='\'' ){
            printf("%.*s'", i-j+1, &zArg[j]);
            j = i+1;
          }
        }
        printf("%s'", &zArg[j]);
      }
      break;
    }
    case SQLITE_NULL: {
      printf("NULL");
      break;
    }
  }
}

/*
** Output SQL that will recreate the aux.zTab table.
*/
static void dump_table(const char *zTab){
  char *zId = safeId(zTab); /* Name of the table */
  char **az = 0;            /* List of columns */
  int nPk;                  /* Number of true primary key columns */
  int nCol;                 /* Number of data columns */
  int i;                    /* Loop counter */
  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;      /* SQL statement */
  const char *zSep;         /* Separator string */
  Str ins;                  /* Beginning of the INSERT statement */

  pStmt = db_prepare("SELECT sql FROM aux.sqlite_master WHERE name=%Q", zTab);
  if( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
    printf("%s;\n", sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,0));
  }
  sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
  if( !g.bSchemaOnly ){
    az = columnNames("aux", zTab, &nPk);
    strInit(&ins);
    if( az==0 ){
      pStmt = db_prepare("SELECT * FROM aux.%s", zId);
................................................................................
        zSep = ",";
      }
      strPrintf(&ins,") VALUES");
      namelistFree(az);
    }
    nCol = sqlite3_column_count(pStmt);
    while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
      printf("%s",ins.z);
      zSep = "(";
      for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
        printf("%s",zSep);
        printQuoted(sqlite3_column_value(pStmt,i));
        zSep = ",";
      }
      printf(");\n");
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
    strFree(&ins);
  } /* endif !g.bSchemaOnly */
  pStmt = db_prepare("SELECT sql FROM aux.sqlite_master"
                     " WHERE type='index' AND tbl_name=%Q AND sql IS NOT NULL",
                     zTab);
  while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
    printf("%s;\n", sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,0));
  }
  sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
}


/*
** Compute all differences for a single table.
*/
static void diff_one_table(const char *zTab){
  char *zId = safeId(zTab); /* Name of table (translated for us in SQL) */
  char **az = 0;            /* Columns in main */
  char **az2 = 0;           /* Columns in aux */
  int nPk;                  /* Primary key columns in main */
  int nPk2;                 /* Primary key columns in aux */
  int n;                    /* Number of columns in main */
  int n2;                   /* Number of columns in aux */
................................................................................
    goto end_diff_one_table;
  }
    

  if( sqlite3_table_column_metadata(g.db,"aux",zTab,0,0,0,0,0,0) ){
    if( !sqlite3_table_column_metadata(g.db,"main",zTab,0,0,0,0,0,0) ){
      /* Table missing from second database. */
      printf("DROP TABLE %s;\n", zId);
    }
    goto end_diff_one_table;
  }

  if( sqlite3_table_column_metadata(g.db,"main",zTab,0,0,0,0,0,0) ){
    /* Table missing from source */
    dump_table(zTab);
    goto end_diff_one_table;
  }

  az = columnNames("main", zTab, &nPk);
  az2 = columnNames("aux", zTab, &nPk2);
  if( az && az2 ){
    for(n=0; az[n]; n++){
................................................................................
  }
  if( az==0
   || az2==0
   || nPk!=nPk2
   || az[n]
  ){
    /* Schema mismatch */
    printf("DROP TABLE %s;\n", zId);
    dump_table(zTab);
    goto end_diff_one_table;
  }

  /* Build the comparison query */
  for(n2=n; az[n2]; n2++){}
  nQ = nPk2+1+2*(n2-nPk2);
  if( n2>nPk2 ){
................................................................................
    "   AND sql IS NOT NULL"
    "   AND sql NOT IN (SELECT sql FROM aux.sqlite_master"
    "                    WHERE type='index' AND tbl_name=%Q"
    "                      AND sql IS NOT NULL)",
    zTab, zTab);
  while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
    char *z = safeId((const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,0));
    printf("DROP INDEX %s;\n", z);
    sqlite3_free(z);
  }
  sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);

  /* Run the query and output differences */
  if( !g.bSchemaOnly ){
    pStmt = db_prepare(sql.z);
    while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
      int iType = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, nPk);
      if( iType==1 || iType==2 ){
        if( iType==1 ){       /* Change the content of a row */
          printf("UPDATE %s", zId);
          zSep = " SET";
          for(i=nPk+1; i<nQ; i+=2){
            if( sqlite3_column_int(pStmt,i)==0 ) continue;
            printf("%s %s=", zSep, az2[(i+nPk-1)/2]);
            zSep = ",";
            printQuoted(sqlite3_column_value(pStmt,i+1));
          }
        }else{                /* Delete a row */
          printf("DELETE FROM %s", zId);
        }
        zSep = " WHERE";
        for(i=0; i<nPk; i++){
          printf("%s %s=", zSep, az2[i]);
          printQuoted(sqlite3_column_value(pStmt,i));
          zSep = ",";
        }
        printf(";\n");
      }else{                  /* Insert a row */
        printf("INSERT INTO %s(%s", zId, az2[0]);
        for(i=1; az2[i]; i++) printf(",%s", az2[i]);
        printf(") VALUES");
        zSep = "(";
        for(i=0; i<nPk2; i++){
          printf("%s", zSep);
          zSep = ",";
          printQuoted(sqlite3_column_value(pStmt,i));
        }
        for(i=nPk2+2; i<nQ; i+=2){
          printf(",");
          printQuoted(sqlite3_column_value(pStmt,i));
        }
        printf(");\n");
      }
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
  } /* endif !g.bSchemaOnly */

  /* Create indexes that are missing in the source */
  pStmt = db_prepare(
................................................................................
    " WHERE type='index' AND tbl_name=%Q"
    "   AND sql IS NOT NULL"
    "   AND sql NOT IN (SELECT sql FROM main.sqlite_master"
    "                    WHERE type='index' AND tbl_name=%Q"
    "                      AND sql IS NOT NULL)",
    zTab, zTab);
  while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
    printf("%s;\n", sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,0));
  }
  sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);

end_diff_one_table:
  strFree(&sql);







































































































































  sqlite3_free(zId);
  namelistFree(az);
  namelistFree(az2);
  return;
}

/*
................................................................................
  printf("Usage: %s [options] DB1 DB2\n", g.zArgv0);
  printf(
"Output SQL text that would transform DB1 into DB2.\n"
"Options:\n"
"  --changeset FILE      Write a CHANGESET into FILE\n"
"  --primarykey          Use schema-defined PRIMARY KEYs\n"
"  --schema              Show only differences in the schema\n"

"  --table TAB           Show only differences in table TAB\n"
  );
}

int main(int argc, char **argv){
  const char *zDb1 = 0;
  const char *zDb2 = 0;
  int i;
  int rc;
  char *zErrMsg = 0;
  char *zSql;
  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
  char *zTab = 0;
  FILE *out = 0;


  g.zArgv0 = argv[0];
  for(i=1; i<argc; i++){
    const char *z = argv[i];
    if( z[0]=='-' ){
      z++;
      if( z[0]=='-' ) z++;
      if( strcmp(z,"changeset")==0 ){
        out = fopen(argv[++i], "wb");
        if( out==0 ) cmdlineError("cannot open: %s", argv[i]);

      }else
      if( strcmp(z,"debug")==0 ){
        g.fDebug = strtol(argv[++i], 0, 0);
      }else
      if( strcmp(z,"help")==0 ){
        showHelp();
        return 0;
................................................................................
      }else
      if( strcmp(z,"primarykey")==0 ){
        g.bSchemaPK = 1;
      }else
      if( strcmp(z,"schema")==0 ){
        g.bSchemaOnly = 1;
      }else



      if( strcmp(z,"table")==0 ){
        zTab = argv[++i];
      }else
      {
        cmdlineError("unknown option: %s", argv[i]);
      }
    }else if( zDb1==0 ){
................................................................................
  }
  rc = sqlite3_exec(g.db, "SELECT * FROM aux.sqlite_master", 0, 0, &zErrMsg);
  if( rc || zErrMsg ){
    cmdlineError("\"%s\" does not appear to be a valid SQLite database", zDb2);
  }

  if( zTab ){
    if( out ){
      changeset_one_table(zTab, out);
    }else{
      diff_one_table(zTab);
    }
  }else{
    /* Handle tables one by one */
    pStmt = db_prepare(
      "SELECT name FROM main.sqlite_master\n"
      " WHERE type='table' AND sql NOT LIKE 'CREATE VIRTUAL%%'\n"
      " UNION\n"
      "SELECT name FROM aux.sqlite_master\n"
      " WHERE type='table' AND sql NOT LIKE 'CREATE VIRTUAL%%'\n"
      " ORDER BY name"
    );
    while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
      const char *zTab = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,0);
      if( out ){
        changeset_one_table(zTab, out);
      }else{
        diff_one_table(zTab);
      }
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
  }

  /* TBD: Handle trigger differences */
  /* TBD: Handle view differences */
  sqlite3_close(g.db);
  return 0;
}

  }
  return az;
}

/*
** Print the sqlite3_value X as an SQL literal.
*/
static void printQuoted(FILE *out, sqlite3_value *X){
  switch( sqlite3_value_type(X) ){
    case SQLITE_FLOAT: {
      double r1;
      char zBuf[50];
      r1 = sqlite3_value_double(X);
      sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf), zBuf, "%!.15g", r1);
      fprintf(out, "%s", zBuf);
      break;
    }
    case SQLITE_INTEGER: {
      fprintf(out, "%lld", sqlite3_value_int64(X));
      break;
    }
    case SQLITE_BLOB: {
      const unsigned char *zBlob = sqlite3_value_blob(X);
      int nBlob = sqlite3_value_bytes(X);
      if( zBlob ){
        int i;
        fprintf(out, "x'");
        for(i=0; i<nBlob; i++){
          fprintf(out, "%02x", zBlob[i]);
        }
        fprintf(out, "'");
      }else{
        fprintf(out, "NULL");
      }
      break;
    }
    case SQLITE_TEXT: {
      const unsigned char *zArg = sqlite3_value_text(X);
      int i, j;

      if( zArg==0 ){
        fprintf(out, "NULL");
      }else{
        fprintf(out, "'");
        for(i=j=0; zArg[i]; i++){
          if( zArg[i]=='\'' ){
            fprintf(out, "%.*s'", i-j+1, &zArg[j]);
            j = i+1;
          }
        }
        fprintf(out, "%s'", &zArg[j]);
      }
      break;
    }
    case SQLITE_NULL: {
      fprintf(out, "NULL");
      break;
    }
  }
}

/*
** Output SQL that will recreate the aux.zTab table.
*/
static void dump_table(const char *zTab, FILE *out){
  char *zId = safeId(zTab); /* Name of the table */
  char **az = 0;            /* List of columns */
  int nPk;                  /* Number of true primary key columns */
  int nCol;                 /* Number of data columns */
  int i;                    /* Loop counter */
  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;      /* SQL statement */
  const char *zSep;         /* Separator string */
  Str ins;                  /* Beginning of the INSERT statement */

  pStmt = db_prepare("SELECT sql FROM aux.sqlite_master WHERE name=%Q", zTab);
  if( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
    fprintf(out, "%s;\n", sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,0));
  }
  sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
  if( !g.bSchemaOnly ){
    az = columnNames("aux", zTab, &nPk);
    strInit(&ins);
    if( az==0 ){
      pStmt = db_prepare("SELECT * FROM aux.%s", zId);
................................................................................
        zSep = ",";
      }
      strPrintf(&ins,") VALUES");
      namelistFree(az);
    }
    nCol = sqlite3_column_count(pStmt);
    while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
      fprintf(out, "%s",ins.z);
      zSep = "(";
      for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
        fprintf(out, "%s",zSep);
        printQuoted(out, sqlite3_column_value(pStmt,i));
        zSep = ",";
      }
      fprintf(out, ");\n");
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
    strFree(&ins);
  } /* endif !g.bSchemaOnly */
  pStmt = db_prepare("SELECT sql FROM aux.sqlite_master"
                     " WHERE type='index' AND tbl_name=%Q AND sql IS NOT NULL",
                     zTab);
  while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
    fprintf(out, "%s;\n", sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,0));
  }
  sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
}


/*
** Compute all differences for a single table.
*/
static void diff_one_table(const char *zTab, FILE *out){
  char *zId = safeId(zTab); /* Name of table (translated for us in SQL) */
  char **az = 0;            /* Columns in main */
  char **az2 = 0;           /* Columns in aux */
  int nPk;                  /* Primary key columns in main */
  int nPk2;                 /* Primary key columns in aux */
  int n;                    /* Number of columns in main */
  int n2;                   /* Number of columns in aux */
................................................................................
    goto end_diff_one_table;
  }
    

  if( sqlite3_table_column_metadata(g.db,"aux",zTab,0,0,0,0,0,0) ){
    if( !sqlite3_table_column_metadata(g.db,"main",zTab,0,0,0,0,0,0) ){
      /* Table missing from second database. */
      fprintf(out, "DROP TABLE %s;\n", zId);
    }
    goto end_diff_one_table;
  }

  if( sqlite3_table_column_metadata(g.db,"main",zTab,0,0,0,0,0,0) ){
    /* Table missing from source */
    dump_table(zTab, out);
    goto end_diff_one_table;
  }

  az = columnNames("main", zTab, &nPk);
  az2 = columnNames("aux", zTab, &nPk2);
  if( az && az2 ){
    for(n=0; az[n]; n++){
................................................................................
  }
  if( az==0
   || az2==0
   || nPk!=nPk2
   || az[n]
  ){
    /* Schema mismatch */
    fprintf(out, "DROP TABLE %s;\n", zId);
    dump_table(zTab, out);
    goto end_diff_one_table;
  }

  /* Build the comparison query */
  for(n2=n; az[n2]; n2++){}
  nQ = nPk2+1+2*(n2-nPk2);
  if( n2>nPk2 ){
................................................................................
    "   AND sql IS NOT NULL"
    "   AND sql NOT IN (SELECT sql FROM aux.sqlite_master"
    "                    WHERE type='index' AND tbl_name=%Q"
    "                      AND sql IS NOT NULL)",
    zTab, zTab);
  while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
    char *z = safeId((const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,0));
    fprintf(out, "DROP INDEX %s;\n", z);
    sqlite3_free(z);
  }
  sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);

  /* Run the query and output differences */
  if( !g.bSchemaOnly ){
    pStmt = db_prepare(sql.z);
    while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
      int iType = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, nPk);
      if( iType==1 || iType==2 ){
        if( iType==1 ){       /* Change the content of a row */
          fprintf(out, "UPDATE %s", zId);
          zSep = " SET";
          for(i=nPk+1; i<nQ; i+=2){
            if( sqlite3_column_int(pStmt,i)==0 ) continue;
            fprintf(out, "%s %s=", zSep, az2[(i+nPk-1)/2]);
            zSep = ",";
            printQuoted(out, sqlite3_column_value(pStmt,i+1));
          }
        }else{                /* Delete a row */
          fprintf(out, "DELETE FROM %s", zId);
        }
        zSep = " WHERE";
        for(i=0; i<nPk; i++){
          fprintf(out, "%s %s=", zSep, az2[i]);
          printQuoted(out, sqlite3_column_value(pStmt,i));
          zSep = ",";
        }
        fprintf(out, ";\n");
      }else{                  /* Insert a row */
        fprintf(out, "INSERT INTO %s(%s", zId, az2[0]);
        for(i=1; az2[i]; i++) fprintf(out, ",%s", az2[i]);
        fprintf(out, ") VALUES");
        zSep = "(";
        for(i=0; i<nPk2; i++){
          fprintf(out, "%s", zSep);
          zSep = ",";
          printQuoted(out, sqlite3_column_value(pStmt,i));
        }
        for(i=nPk2+2; i<nQ; i+=2){
          fprintf(out, ",");
          printQuoted(out, sqlite3_column_value(pStmt,i));
        }
        fprintf(out, ");\n");
      }
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
  } /* endif !g.bSchemaOnly */

  /* Create indexes that are missing in the source */
  pStmt = db_prepare(
................................................................................
    " WHERE type='index' AND tbl_name=%Q"
    "   AND sql IS NOT NULL"
    "   AND sql NOT IN (SELECT sql FROM main.sqlite_master"
    "                    WHERE type='index' AND tbl_name=%Q"
    "                      AND sql IS NOT NULL)",
    zTab, zTab);
  while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
    fprintf(out, "%s;\n", sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,0));
  }
  sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);

end_diff_one_table:
  strFree(&sql);
  sqlite3_free(zId);
  namelistFree(az);
  namelistFree(az2);
  return;
}

/*
** Display a summary of differences between two versions of the same
** table table.
**
**   *  Number of rows changed
**   *  Number of rows added
**   *  Number of rows deleted
**   *  Number of identical rows
*/
static void summarize_one_table(const char *zTab, FILE *out){
  char *zId = safeId(zTab); /* Name of table (translated for us in SQL) */
  char **az = 0;            /* Columns in main */
  char **az2 = 0;           /* Columns in aux */
  int nPk;                  /* Primary key columns in main */
  int nPk2;                 /* Primary key columns in aux */
  int n;                    /* Number of columns in main */
  int n2;                   /* Number of columns in aux */
  int i;                    /* Loop counter */
  const char *zSep;         /* Separator string */
  Str sql;                  /* Comparison query */
  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;      /* Query statement to do the diff */
  sqlite3_int64 nUpdate;    /* Number of updated rows */
  sqlite3_int64 nUnchanged; /* Number of unmodified rows */
  sqlite3_int64 nDelete;    /* Number of deleted rows */
  sqlite3_int64 nInsert;    /* Number of inserted rows */

  strInit(&sql);
  if( sqlite3_table_column_metadata(g.db,"aux",zTab,0,0,0,0,0,0) ){
    if( !sqlite3_table_column_metadata(g.db,"main",zTab,0,0,0,0,0,0) ){
      /* Table missing from second database. */
      fprintf(out, "%s: missing from second database\n", zTab);
    }
    goto end_summarize_one_table;
  }

  if( sqlite3_table_column_metadata(g.db,"main",zTab,0,0,0,0,0,0) ){
    /* Table missing from source */
    fprintf(out, "%s: missing from first database\n", zTab);
    goto end_summarize_one_table;
  }

  az = columnNames("main", zTab, &nPk);
  az2 = columnNames("aux", zTab, &nPk2);
  if( az && az2 ){
    for(n=0; az[n]; n++){
      if( sqlite3_stricmp(az[n],az2[n])!=0 ) break;
    }
  }
  if( az==0
   || az2==0
   || nPk!=nPk2
   || az[n]
  ){
    /* Schema mismatch */
    fprintf(out, "%s: incompatible schema\n", zTab);
    goto end_summarize_one_table;
  }

  /* Build the comparison query */
  for(n2=n; az[n2]; n2++){}
  strPrintf(&sql, "SELECT 1, count(*)");
  if( n2==nPk2 ){
    strPrintf(&sql, ", 0\n");
  }else{
    zSep = ", sum(";
    for(i=nPk; az[i]; i++){
      strPrintf(&sql, "%sA.%s IS NOT B.%s", zSep, az[i], az[i]);
      zSep = " OR ";
    }
    strPrintf(&sql, ")\n");
  }
  strPrintf(&sql, "  FROM main.%s A, aux.%s B\n", zId, zId);
  zSep = " WHERE";
  for(i=0; i<nPk; i++){
    strPrintf(&sql, "%s A.%s=B.%s", zSep, az[i], az[i]);
    zSep = " AND";
  }
  strPrintf(&sql, " UNION ALL\n");
  strPrintf(&sql, "SELECT 2, count(*), 0\n");
  strPrintf(&sql, "  FROM main.%s A\n", zId);
  strPrintf(&sql, " WHERE NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM aux.%s B ", zId);
  zSep = "WHERE";
  for(i=0; i<nPk; i++){
    strPrintf(&sql, "%s A.%s=B.%s", zSep, az[i], az[i]);
    zSep = " AND";
  }
  strPrintf(&sql, ")\n");
  strPrintf(&sql, " UNION ALL\n");
  strPrintf(&sql, "SELECT 3, count(*), 0\n");
  strPrintf(&sql, "  FROM aux.%s B\n", zId);
  strPrintf(&sql, " WHERE NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM main.%s A ", zId);
  zSep = "WHERE";
  for(i=0; i<nPk; i++){
    strPrintf(&sql, "%s A.%s=B.%s", zSep, az[i], az[i]);
    zSep = " AND";
  }
  strPrintf(&sql, ")\n ORDER BY 1;\n");

  if( (g.fDebug & DEBUG_DIFF_SQL)!=0 ){ 
    printf("SQL for %s:\n%s\n", zId, sql.z);
    goto end_summarize_one_table;
  }

  /* Run the query and output difference summary */
  pStmt = db_prepare(sql.z);
  nUpdate = 0;
  nInsert = 0;
  nDelete = 0;
  nUnchanged = 0;
  while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
    switch( sqlite3_column_int(pStmt,0) ){
      case 1:
        nUpdate = sqlite3_column_int64(pStmt,2);
        nUnchanged = sqlite3_column_int64(pStmt,1) - nUpdate;
        break;
      case 2:
        nDelete = sqlite3_column_int64(pStmt,1);
        break;
      case 3:
        nInsert = sqlite3_column_int64(pStmt,1);
        break;
    }
  }
  sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
  fprintf(out, "%s: %lld changes, %lld inserts, %lld deletes, %lld unchanged\n",
          zTab, nUpdate, nInsert, nDelete, nUnchanged);

end_summarize_one_table:
  strFree(&sql);
  sqlite3_free(zId);
  namelistFree(az);
  namelistFree(az2);
  return;
}

/*
................................................................................
  printf("Usage: %s [options] DB1 DB2\n", g.zArgv0);
  printf(
"Output SQL text that would transform DB1 into DB2.\n"
"Options:\n"
"  --changeset FILE      Write a CHANGESET into FILE\n"
"  --primarykey          Use schema-defined PRIMARY KEYs\n"
"  --schema              Show only differences in the schema\n"
"  --summary             Show only a summary of the differences\n"
"  --table TAB           Show only differences in table TAB\n"
  );
}

int main(int argc, char **argv){
  const char *zDb1 = 0;
  const char *zDb2 = 0;
  int i;
  int rc;
  char *zErrMsg = 0;
  char *zSql;
  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
  char *zTab = 0;
  FILE *out = stdout;
  void (*xDiff)(const char*,FILE*) = diff_one_table;

  g.zArgv0 = argv[0];
  for(i=1; i<argc; i++){
    const char *z = argv[i];
    if( z[0]=='-' ){
      z++;
      if( z[0]=='-' ) z++;
      if( strcmp(z,"changeset")==0 ){
        out = fopen(argv[++i], "wb");
        if( out==0 ) cmdlineError("cannot open: %s", argv[i]);
        xDiff = changeset_one_table;
      }else
      if( strcmp(z,"debug")==0 ){
        g.fDebug = strtol(argv[++i], 0, 0);
      }else
      if( strcmp(z,"help")==0 ){
        showHelp();
        return 0;
................................................................................
      }else
      if( strcmp(z,"primarykey")==0 ){
        g.bSchemaPK = 1;
      }else
      if( strcmp(z,"schema")==0 ){
        g.bSchemaOnly = 1;
      }else
      if( strcmp(z,"summary")==0 ){
        xDiff = summarize_one_table;
      }else
      if( strcmp(z,"table")==0 ){
        zTab = argv[++i];
      }else
      {
        cmdlineError("unknown option: %s", argv[i]);
      }
    }else if( zDb1==0 ){
................................................................................
  }
  rc = sqlite3_exec(g.db, "SELECT * FROM aux.sqlite_master", 0, 0, &zErrMsg);
  if( rc || zErrMsg ){
    cmdlineError("\"%s\" does not appear to be a valid SQLite database", zDb2);
  }

  if( zTab ){

    xDiff(zTab, out);



  }else{
    /* Handle tables one by one */
    pStmt = db_prepare(
      "SELECT name FROM main.sqlite_master\n"
      " WHERE type='table' AND sql NOT LIKE 'CREATE VIRTUAL%%'\n"
      " UNION\n"
      "SELECT name FROM aux.sqlite_master\n"
      " WHERE type='table' AND sql NOT LIKE 'CREATE VIRTUAL%%'\n"
      " ORDER BY name"
    );
    while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
      xDiff((const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,0), out);





    }
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
  }

  /* TBD: Handle trigger differences */
  /* TBD: Handle view differences */
  sqlite3_close(g.db);
  return 0;
}