set rcsid {$Id: capi3.tcl,v 1.2 2004/05/31 18:51:59 drh Exp $}
source common.tcl
header {C/C++ Interface For SQLite Version 3}
puts {
<h2>C/C++ Interface For SQLite Version 3</h2>

<h3>1.0 Overview</h3>

................................................................................
</pre></blockquote>

<p>
The sqlite3_create_collation() function specifies a collating sequence name
and a comparison function to implement that collating sequence.  The
comparison function is only used for comparing text values.  The eTextRep
parameter is one of SQLITE3_UTF8, SQLITE3_UTF16LE, SQLITE3_UTF16BE, or
SQLITE3_ANY to specify which text representation to comparison function works
with.  Separate comparison functions can exist for the same collating
sequence for each of the UTF-8, UTF-16LE and UTF-16BE text representations.
The sqlite3_create_collation16() works like sqlite3_create_collation() except
that the collation name is specified in UTF-16 host byte order instead of
in UTF-8.
</p>

set rcsid {$Id: capi3.tcl,v 1.3 2004/06/01 10:01:25 drh Exp $}
source common.tcl
header {C/C++ Interface For SQLite Version 3}
puts {
<h2>C/C++ Interface For SQLite Version 3</h2>

<h3>1.0 Overview</h3>

................................................................................
</pre></blockquote>

<p>
The sqlite3_create_collation() function specifies a collating sequence name
and a comparison function to implement that collating sequence.  The
comparison function is only used for comparing text values.  The eTextRep
parameter is one of SQLITE3_UTF8, SQLITE3_UTF16LE, SQLITE3_UTF16BE, or
SQLITE3_ANY to specify which text representation the comparison function works
with.  Separate comparison functions can exist for the same collating
sequence for each of the UTF-8, UTF-16LE and UTF-16BE text representations.
The sqlite3_create_collation16() works like sqlite3_create_collation() except
that the collation name is specified in UTF-16 host byte order instead of
in UTF-8.
</p>

set rcsid {$Id: datatype3.tcl,v 1.2 2004/05/31 18:51:59 drh Exp $}
source common.tcl
header {Datatypes In SQLite Version 3}
puts {
<h2>Datatypes In SQLite Version 3</h2>

<h3>1. Storage Classes</h3>

................................................................................

<h3>2. Column Affinity</h3>

<p>
In SQLite version 3, the type of a value is associated with the value
itself, not with the column or variable in which the value is stored.
(This is sometimes called
<a href="http://www.cliki.net/manifest%20type%50system">
manifest typing</a>.)
All other SQL databases engines that we are aware of use the more
restrict system of static typing where the type is associated with
the container, not the value.
</p>

<p>
In order to maximize compatibility between SQLite and other database
engines, SQLite support the concept of "type affinity" on columns.
The type affinity of a column is the recommended type for data stored
................................................................................
one storage class over another.  The preferred storage class for
a column is called its "affinity".
</p>

<P>Each column in an SQLite 3 database is assigned one of the
following type affinities:</P>
<UL>
	<LI><P>TEXT.</P>
	<LI><P>NUMERIC.</P>
	<LI><P>INTEGER.</P>
	<LI><P>NONE.</P>
</UL>

<P>A column with TEXT affinity stores all data using storage classes
NULL, TEXT or BLOB. If numerical data is inserted into a column with
TEXT affinity it is converted to text form before being stored.</P>

<P>A column with NUMERIC affinity may contain values using all five
................................................................................
	<LI><P>If the datatype of the column contains any of the strings
	&quot;CHAR&quot;, &quot;CLOB&quot;, or &quot;TEXT&quot; then that
	column has TEXT affinity. Notice that the type VARCHAR contains the
	string &quot;CHAR&quot; and is thus assigned TEXT affinity.</P>

	<LI><P>If the datatype for a column
         contains the string &quot;BLOB&quot; or if
        not datatype is specified then the column has affinity NONE.</P>

	<LI><P>Otherwise, the affinity is NUMERIC.  Notice that a column
        where no datatype is specified is given affinity NUMERIC.</P>
</OL>

<P>If a table is created using a "CREATE TABLE &lt;table&gt; AS
SELECT..." statement, then all columns have no datatype specified
and they are given no affinity.</P>

<h4>2.2 Column Affinity Example</h4>
................................................................................
	<LI><P>When two BLOB values are compared, the result is always
	determined using memcmp().</P>
</UL>

<P>SQLite may attempt to convert values between the numeric storage
classes (INTEGER and REAL) and TEXT before performing a comparison.
For binary comparisons, this is done in the cases enumerated below.
The term “expression” used in the bullet points below means any
SQL scalar expression or literal other than a column value.</P>
<UL>
	<LI><P>When a column value is compared to the result of an
	expression, the affinity of the column is applied to the result of
	the expression before the comparison takes place.</P>

	<LI><P>When two column values are compared, if one column has

set rcsid {$Id: datatype3.tcl,v 1.3 2004/06/01 10:01:25 drh Exp $}
source common.tcl
header {Datatypes In SQLite Version 3}
puts {
<h2>Datatypes In SQLite Version 3</h2>

<h3>1. Storage Classes</h3>

................................................................................

<h3>2. Column Affinity</h3>

<p>
In SQLite version 3, the type of a value is associated with the value
itself, not with the column or variable in which the value is stored.
(This is sometimes called
<a href="http://www.cliki.net/manifest%20type%20system">
manifest typing</a>.)
All other SQL databases engines that we are aware of use the more
restrictive system of static typing where the type is associated with
the container, not the value.
</p>

<p>
In order to maximize compatibility between SQLite and other database
engines, SQLite support the concept of "type affinity" on columns.
The type affinity of a column is the recommended type for data stored
................................................................................
one storage class over another.  The preferred storage class for
a column is called its "affinity".
</p>

<P>Each column in an SQLite 3 database is assigned one of the
following type affinities:</P>
<UL>
	<LI>TEXT</LI>
	<LI>NUMERIC</LI>
	<LI>INTEGER</LI>
	<LI>NONE</LI>
</UL>

<P>A column with TEXT affinity stores all data using storage classes
NULL, TEXT or BLOB. If numerical data is inserted into a column with
TEXT affinity it is converted to text form before being stored.</P>

<P>A column with NUMERIC affinity may contain values using all five
................................................................................
	<LI><P>If the datatype of the column contains any of the strings
	&quot;CHAR&quot;, &quot;CLOB&quot;, or &quot;TEXT&quot; then that
	column has TEXT affinity. Notice that the type VARCHAR contains the
	string &quot;CHAR&quot; and is thus assigned TEXT affinity.</P>

	<LI><P>If the datatype for a column
         contains the string &quot;BLOB&quot; or if
        no datatype is specified then the column has affinity NONE.</P>

	<LI><P>Otherwise, the affinity is NUMERIC.</P>

</OL>

<P>If a table is created using a "CREATE TABLE &lt;table&gt; AS
SELECT..." statement, then all columns have no datatype specified
and they are given no affinity.</P>

<h4>2.2 Column Affinity Example</h4>
................................................................................
	<LI><P>When two BLOB values are compared, the result is always
	determined using memcmp().</P>
</UL>

<P>SQLite may attempt to convert values between the numeric storage
classes (INTEGER and REAL) and TEXT before performing a comparison.
For binary comparisons, this is done in the cases enumerated below.
The term "expression" used in the bullet points below means any
SQL scalar expression or literal other than a column value.</P>
<UL>
	<LI><P>When a column value is compared to the result of an
	expression, the affinity of the column is applied to the result of
	the expression before the comparison takes place.</P>

	<LI><P>When two column values are compared, if one column has