# opcodes used by the VDBE.  These strings are used when disassembling a
# VDBE program during tracing or as a result of the EXPLAIN keyword.
#
BEGIN {
  print "/* Automatically generated.  Do not edit */"
  print "/* See the mkopcodec.awk script for details. */"
  printf "#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN)"
  printf    " || !defined(NDEBUG)"
  printf    " || defined(VDBE_PROFILE)"
  print     " || defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)"





  print "const char *sqlite3OpcodeName(int i){"
  print " static const char *const azName[] = { \"?\","
  mx = 0
}
/define OP_/ {
  sub("OP_","",$2)
  i = $3+0
  label[i] = $2
  if( mx<i ) mx = i









}
END {
  for(i=1; i<=mx; i++){
    printf "     /* %3d */ \"%s\",\n", i, label[i]

  }
  print "  };"
  print "  return azName[i];"
  print "}"
  print "#endif"
}

# opcodes used by the VDBE.  These strings are used when disassembling a
# VDBE program during tracing or as a result of the EXPLAIN keyword.
#
BEGIN {
  print "/* Automatically generated.  Do not edit */"
  print "/* See the mkopcodec.awk script for details. */"
  printf "#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN)"

  printf    " || defined(VDBE_PROFILE)"
  print     " || defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)"
  print "#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)"
  print "# define OpHelp(X) \"\\0\" X"
  print "#else"
  print "# define OpHelp(X)"
  print "#endif"
  print "const char *sqlite3OpcodeName(int i){"
  print " static const char *const azName[] = { \"?\","
  mx = 0
}
/^.define OP_/ {
  sub("OP_","",$2)
  i = $3+0
  label[i] = $2
  if( mx<i ) mx = i
  for(j=5; j<NF; j++) if( $j=="synopsis:" ) break
  if( j<NF ){
    j++
    x = $j
    for(j=j+1; j<NF; j++) x = x " " $j
    synopsis[i] = x
  }else{
    synopsis[i] = ""
  }
}
END {
  for(i=1; i<=mx; i++){
    printf "     /* %3d */ %-18s OpHelp(\"%s\"),\n", i, \
        "\"" label[i] "\"", synopsis[i]
  }
  print "  };"
  print "  return azName[i];"
  print "}"
  print "#endif"
}

#


# Remember the TK_ values from the parse.h file
/^#define TK_/ {
  tk[$2] = 0+$3    # tk[x] holds the numeric value for TK symbol X
}




























# Scan for "case OP_aaaa:" lines in the vdbe.c file
/^case OP_/ {
  name = $2
  sub(/:/,"",name)
  sub("\r","",name)
  op[name] = -1       # op[x] holds the numeric value for OP symbol x
................................................................................
    }
  }
  max = cnt
  for(i=1; i<=max; i++){
    if( !used[i] ){
      def[i] = "OP_NotUsed_" i 
    }
    printf "#define %-25s %15d", def[i], i

    if( sameas[i] ){
      printf "   /* same as %-12s*/", sameas[i]

    } 











    printf "\n"
  }

  # Generate the bitvectors:
  #
  #  bit 0:     jump
  #  bit 1:     pushes a result onto stack
................................................................................
  print "#define OPFLG_INITIALIZER {\\"
  for(i=0; i<=max; i++){
    if( i%8==0 ) printf("/* %3d */",i)
    printf " 0x%02x,", bv[i]
    if( i%8==7 ) printf("\\\n");
  }
  print "}"








}

#


# Remember the TK_ values from the parse.h file
/^#define TK_/ {
  tk[$2] = 0+$3    # tk[x] holds the numeric value for TK symbol X
}

# Find "/* Opcode: " lines in the vdbe.c file.  Each one introduces
# a new opcode.  Remember which parameters are used.
/^.. Opcode: / {
  currentOp = "OP_" $3
  m = 0
  for(i=4; i<=NF; i++){
    x = $i
    if( x=="P1" ) m += 1
    if( x=="P2" ) m += 2
    if( x=="P3" ) m += 4
    if( x=="P4" ) m += 8
    if( x=="P5" ) m += 16
  }
  paramused[currentOp] = m
}

# Find "** Synopsis: " lines that follow Opcode:
/^.. Synopsis: / {
  if( currentOp ){
    x = $3
    for(i=4; i<=NF; i++){
      x = x " " $i
    }
    synopsis[currentOp] = x
  }
}

# Scan for "case OP_aaaa:" lines in the vdbe.c file
/^case OP_/ {
  name = $2
  sub(/:/,"",name)
  sub("\r","",name)
  op[name] = -1       # op[x] holds the numeric value for OP symbol x
................................................................................
    }
  }
  max = cnt
  for(i=1; i<=max; i++){
    if( !used[i] ){
      def[i] = "OP_NotUsed_" i 
    }
    printf "#define %-16s %3d", def[i], i
    com = ""
    if( sameas[i] ){

      com = "same as " sameas[i]
    }
    x = synopsis[def[i]]
    if( x ){
      if( com=="" ){
        com = "synopsis: " x
      } else {
        com = com ", synopsis: " x
      }
    }
    if( com!="" ){
      printf " /* %-42s */", com
    }
    printf "\n"
  }

  # Generate the bitvectors:
  #
  #  bit 0:     jump
  #  bit 1:     pushes a result onto stack
................................................................................
  print "#define OPFLG_INITIALIZER {\\"
  for(i=0; i<=max; i++){
    if( i%8==0 ) printf("/* %3d */",i)
    printf " 0x%02x,", bv[i]
    if( i%8==7 ) printf("\\\n");
  }
  print "}"
  if( 0 ){
    print "\n/* Bitmask to indicate which fields (P1..P5) of each opcode are"
    print "** actually used.\n*/"
    print "#define OP_PARAM_USED_INITIALIZER {\\"
    for(i=0; i<=max; i++){
      if( i%8==0 ) printf("/* %3d */",i)
      printf " 0x%02x,", paramused[def[i]]
      if( i%8==7 ) printf("\\\n");
    }
    print "}"
  }
}

  pIn1->u.i = pc;
  REGISTER_TRACE(pOp->p1, pIn1);
  pc = pcDest;
  break;
}

/* Opcode:  HaltIfNull  P1 P2 P3 P4 *

**
** Check the value in register P3.  If it is NULL then Halt using
** parameter P1, P2, and P4 as if this were a Halt instruction.  If the
** value in register P3 is not NULL, then this routine is a no-op.
*/
case OP_HaltIfNull: {      /* in3 */
  pIn3 = &aMem[pOp->p3];
................................................................................
    assert( rc==SQLITE_OK || db->nDeferredCons>0 || db->nDeferredImmCons>0 );
    rc = p->rc ? SQLITE_ERROR : SQLITE_DONE;
  }
  goto vdbe_return;
}

/* Opcode: Integer P1 P2 * * *

**
** The 32-bit integer value P1 is written into register P2.
*/
case OP_Integer: {         /* out2-prerelease */
  pOut->u.i = pOp->p1;
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Int64 * P2 * P4 *

**
** P4 is a pointer to a 64-bit integer value.
** Write that value into register P2.
*/
case OP_Int64: {           /* out2-prerelease */
  assert( pOp->p4.pI64!=0 );
  pOut->u.i = *pOp->p4.pI64;
  break;
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
/* Opcode: Real * P2 * P4 *

**
** P4 is a pointer to a 64-bit floating point value.
** Write that value into register P2.
*/
case OP_Real: {            /* same as TK_FLOAT, out2-prerelease */
  pOut->flags = MEM_Real;
  assert( !sqlite3IsNaN(*pOp->p4.pReal) );
  pOut->r = *pOp->p4.pReal;
  break;
}
#endif

/* Opcode: String8 * P2 * P4 *

**
** P4 points to a nul terminated UTF-8 string. This opcode is transformed 
** into an OP_String before it is executed for the first time.
*/
case OP_String8: {         /* same as TK_STRING, out2-prerelease */
  assert( pOp->p4.z!=0 );
  pOp->opcode = OP_String;
................................................................................
  if( pOp->p1>db->aLimit[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH] ){
    goto too_big;
  }
  /* Fall through to the next case, OP_String */
}
  
/* Opcode: String P1 P2 * P4 *

**
** The string value P4 of length P1 (bytes) is stored in register P2.
*/
case OP_String: {          /* out2-prerelease */
  assert( pOp->p4.z!=0 );
  pOut->flags = MEM_Str|MEM_Static|MEM_Term;
  pOut->z = pOp->p4.z;
................................................................................
  pOut->n = pOp->p1;
  pOut->enc = encoding;
  UPDATE_MAX_BLOBSIZE(pOut);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Null P1 P2 P3 * *

**
** Write a NULL into registers P2.  If P3 greater than P2, then also write
** NULL into register P3 and every register in between P2 and P3.  If P3
** is less than P2 (typically P3 is zero) then only register P2 is
** set to NULL.
**
** If the P1 value is non-zero, then also set the MEM_Cleared flag so that
................................................................................
    cnt--;
  }
  break;
}


/* Opcode: Blob P1 P2 * P4

**
** P4 points to a blob of data P1 bytes long.  Store this
** blob in register P2.
*/
case OP_Blob: {                /* out2-prerelease */
  assert( pOp->p1 <= SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH );
  sqlite3VdbeMemSetStr(pOut, pOp->p4.z, pOp->p1, 0, 0);
  pOut->enc = encoding;
  UPDATE_MAX_BLOBSIZE(pOut);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Variable P1 P2 * P4 *

**
** Transfer the values of bound parameter P1 into register P2
**
** If the parameter is named, then its name appears in P4 and P3==1.
** The P4 value is used by sqlite3_bind_parameter_name().
*/
case OP_Variable: {            /* out2-prerelease */
................................................................................
  }
  sqlite3VdbeMemShallowCopy(pOut, pVar, MEM_Static);
  UPDATE_MAX_BLOBSIZE(pOut);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Move P1 P2 P3 * *

**
** Move the values in register P1..P1+P3 over into
** registers P2..P2+P3.  Registers P1..P1+P3 are
** left holding a NULL.  It is an error for register ranges
** P1..P1+P3 and P2..P2+P3 to overlap.
*/
case OP_Move: {
................................................................................
    pIn1++;
    pOut++;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Copy P1 P2 P3 * *

**
** Make a copy of registers P1..P1+P3 into registers P2..P2+P3.
**
** This instruction makes a deep copy of the value.  A duplicate
** is made of any string or blob constant.  See also OP_SCopy.
*/
case OP_Copy: {
................................................................................
    pOut++;
    pIn1++;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: SCopy P1 P2 * * *

**
** Make a shallow copy of register P1 into register P2.
**
** This instruction makes a shallow copy of the value.  If the value
** is a string or blob, then the copy is only a pointer to the
** original and hence if the original changes so will the copy.
** Worse, if the original is deallocated, the copy becomes invalid.
................................................................................
  if( pOut->pScopyFrom==0 ) pOut->pScopyFrom = pIn1;
#endif
  REGISTER_TRACE(pOp->p2, pOut);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: ResultRow P1 P2 * * *

**
** The registers P1 through P1+P2-1 contain a single row of
** results. This opcode causes the sqlite3_step() call to terminate
** with an SQLITE_ROW return code and it sets up the sqlite3_stmt
** structure to provide access to the top P1 values as the result
** row.
*/
................................................................................
  */
  p->pc = pc + 1;
  rc = SQLITE_ROW;
  goto vdbe_return;
}

/* Opcode: Concat P1 P2 P3 * *

**
** Add the text in register P1 onto the end of the text in
** register P2 and store the result in register P3.
** If either the P1 or P2 text are NULL then store NULL in P3.
**
**   P3 = P2 || P1
**
................................................................................
  if( sqlite3VdbeMemGrow(pOut, (int)nByte+2, pOut==pIn2) ){
    goto no_mem;
  }
  if( pOut!=pIn2 ){
    memcpy(pOut->z, pIn2->z, pIn2->n);
  }
  memcpy(&pOut->z[pIn2->n], pIn1->z, pIn1->n);
  pOut->z[nByte] = 0;
  pOut->z[nByte+1] = 0;
  pOut->flags |= MEM_Term;
  pOut->n = (int)nByte;
  pOut->enc = encoding;
  UPDATE_MAX_BLOBSIZE(pOut);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Add P1 P2 P3 * *

**
** Add the value in register P1 to the value in register P2
** and store the result in register P3.
** If either input is NULL, the result is NULL.
*/
/* Opcode: Multiply P1 P2 P3 * *

**
**
** Multiply the value in register P1 by the value in register P2
** and store the result in register P3.
** If either input is NULL, the result is NULL.
*/
/* Opcode: Subtract P1 P2 P3 * *

**
** Subtract the value in register P1 from the value in register P2
** and store the result in register P3.
** If either input is NULL, the result is NULL.
*/
/* Opcode: Divide P1 P2 P3 * *

**
** Divide the value in register P1 by the value in register P2
** and store the result in register P3 (P3=P2/P1). If the value in 
** register P1 is zero, then the result is NULL. If either input is 
** NULL, the result is NULL.
*/
/* Opcode: Remainder P1 P2 P3 * *

**
** Compute the remainder after integer division of the value in
** register P1 by the value in register P2 and store the result in P3. 
** If the value in register P2 is zero the result is NULL.
** If either operand is NULL, the result is NULL.
*/
case OP_Add:                   /* same as TK_PLUS, in1, in2, out3 */
................................................................................
  if( pOp->p1 ){
    sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64(&aMem[pOp->p1], 0);
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Function P1 P2 P3 P4 P5

**
** Invoke a user function (P4 is a pointer to a Function structure that
** defines the function) with P5 arguments taken from register P2 and
** successors.  The result of the function is stored in register P3.
** Register P3 must not be one of the function inputs.
**
** P1 is a 32-bit bitmask indicating whether or not each argument to the 
................................................................................

  REGISTER_TRACE(pOp->p3, pOut);
  UPDATE_MAX_BLOBSIZE(pOut);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: BitAnd P1 P2 P3 * *

**
** Take the bit-wise AND of the values in register P1 and P2 and
** store the result in register P3.
** If either input is NULL, the result is NULL.
*/
/* Opcode: BitOr P1 P2 P3 * *

**
** Take the bit-wise OR of the values in register P1 and P2 and
** store the result in register P3.
** If either input is NULL, the result is NULL.
*/
/* Opcode: ShiftLeft P1 P2 P3 * *

**
** Shift the integer value in register P2 to the left by the
** number of bits specified by the integer in register P1.
** Store the result in register P3.
** If either input is NULL, the result is NULL.
*/
/* Opcode: ShiftRight P1 P2 P3 * *

**
** Shift the integer value in register P2 to the right by the
** number of bits specified by the integer in register P1.
** Store the result in register P3.
** If either input is NULL, the result is NULL.
*/
case OP_BitAnd:                 /* same as TK_BITAND, in1, in2, out3 */
................................................................................
  }
  pOut->u.i = iA;
  MemSetTypeFlag(pOut, MEM_Int);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: AddImm  P1 P2 * * *

** 
** Add the constant P2 to the value in register P1.
** The result is always an integer.
**
** To force any register to be an integer, just add 0.
*/
case OP_AddImm: {            /* in1 */
................................................................................
    sqlite3VdbeMemRealify(pIn1);
  }
  break;
}
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_CAST) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT) */

/* Opcode: Lt P1 P2 P3 P4 P5

**
** Compare the values in register P1 and P3.  If reg(P3)<reg(P1) then
** jump to address P2.  
**
** If the SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL bit of P5 is set and either reg(P1) or
** reg(P3) is NULL then take the jump.  If the SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL 
** bit is clear then fall through if either operand is NULL.
................................................................................
** store a boolean result (either 0, or 1, or NULL) in register P2.
**
** If the SQLITE_NULLEQ bit is set in P5, then NULL values are considered
** equal to one another, provided that they do not have their MEM_Cleared
** bit set.
*/
/* Opcode: Ne P1 P2 P3 P4 P5

**
** This works just like the Lt opcode except that the jump is taken if
** the operands in registers P1 and P3 are not equal.  See the Lt opcode for
** additional information.
**
** If SQLITE_NULLEQ is set in P5 then the result of comparison is always either
** true or false and is never NULL.  If both operands are NULL then the result
** of comparison is false.  If either operand is NULL then the result is true.
** If neither operand is NULL the result is the same as it would be if
** the SQLITE_NULLEQ flag were omitted from P5.
*/
/* Opcode: Eq P1 P2 P3 P4 P5

**
** This works just like the Lt opcode except that the jump is taken if
** the operands in registers P1 and P3 are equal.
** See the Lt opcode for additional information.
**
** If SQLITE_NULLEQ is set in P5 then the result of comparison is always either
** true or false and is never NULL.  If both operands are NULL then the result
** of comparison is true.  If either operand is NULL then the result is false.
** If neither operand is NULL the result is the same as it would be if
** the SQLITE_NULLEQ flag were omitted from P5.
*/
/* Opcode: Le P1 P2 P3 P4 P5

**
** This works just like the Lt opcode except that the jump is taken if
** the content of register P3 is less than or equal to the content of
** register P1.  See the Lt opcode for additional information.
*/
/* Opcode: Gt P1 P2 P3 P4 P5

**
** This works just like the Lt opcode except that the jump is taken if
** the content of register P3 is greater than the content of
** register P1.  See the Lt opcode for additional information.
*/
/* Opcode: Ge P1 P2 P3 P4 P5

**
** This works just like the Lt opcode except that the jump is taken if
** the content of register P3 is greater than or equal to the content of
** register P1.  See the Lt opcode for additional information.
*/
case OP_Eq:               /* same as TK_EQ, jump, in1, in3 */
case OP_Ne:               /* same as TK_NE, jump, in1, in3 */
................................................................................
  }else{
    pc = pOp->p3 - 1;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: And P1 P2 P3 * *

**
** Take the logical AND of the values in registers P1 and P2 and
** write the result into register P3.
**
** If either P1 or P2 is 0 (false) then the result is 0 even if
** the other input is NULL.  A NULL and true or two NULLs give
** a NULL output.
*/
/* Opcode: Or P1 P2 P3 * *

**
** Take the logical OR of the values in register P1 and P2 and
** store the answer in register P3.
**
** If either P1 or P2 is nonzero (true) then the result is 1 (true)
** even if the other input is NULL.  A NULL and false or two NULLs
** give a NULL output.
................................................................................
    pOut->u.i = v1;
    MemSetTypeFlag(pOut, MEM_Int);
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Not P1 P2 * * *

**
** Interpret the value in register P1 as a boolean value.  Store the
** boolean complement in register P2.  If the value in register P1 is 
** NULL, then a NULL is stored in P2.
*/
case OP_Not: {                /* same as TK_NOT, in1, out2 */
  pIn1 = &aMem[pOp->p1];
................................................................................
  }else{
    sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64(pOut, !sqlite3VdbeIntValue(pIn1));
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: BitNot P1 P2 * * *

**
** Interpret the content of register P1 as an integer.  Store the
** ones-complement of the P1 value into register P2.  If P1 holds
** a NULL then store a NULL in P2.
*/
case OP_BitNot: {             /* same as TK_BITNOT, in1, out2 */
  pIn1 = &aMem[pOp->p1];
................................................................................
  if( (pIn1->flags & MEM_Null)==0 ){
    pc = pOp->p2 - 1;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Column P1 P2 P3 P4 P5

**
** Interpret the data that cursor P1 points to as a structure built using
** the MakeRecord instruction.  (See the MakeRecord opcode for additional
** information about the format of the data.)  Extract the P2-th column
** from this record.  If there are less that (P2+1) 
** values in the record, extract a NULL.
**
................................................................................
op_column_out:
  UPDATE_MAX_BLOBSIZE(pDest);
  REGISTER_TRACE(pOp->p3, pDest);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Affinity P1 P2 * P4 *

**
** Apply affinities to a range of P2 registers starting with P1.
**
** P4 is a string that is P2 characters long. The nth character of the
** string indicates the column affinity that should be used for the nth
** memory cell in the range.
*/
................................................................................
    applyAffinity(pIn1, cAff, encoding);
    pIn1++;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: MakeRecord P1 P2 P3 P4 *

**
** Convert P2 registers beginning with P1 into the [record format]
** use as a data record in a database table or as a key
** in an index.  The OP_Column opcode can decode the record later.
**
** P4 may be a string that is P2 characters long.  The nth character of the
** string indicates the column affinity that should be used for the nth
................................................................................
  pOut->enc = SQLITE_UTF8;  /* In case the blob is ever converted to text */
  REGISTER_TRACE(pOp->p3, pOut);
  UPDATE_MAX_BLOBSIZE(pOut);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Count P1 P2 * * *

**
** Store the number of entries (an integer value) in the table or index 
** opened by cursor P1 in register P2
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_BTREECOUNT
case OP_Count: {         /* out2-prerelease */
  i64 nEntry;
................................................................................
    p->expired = 1;
    rc = SQLITE_SCHEMA;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: OpenRead P1 P2 P3 P4 P5

**
** Open a read-only cursor for the database table whose root page is
** P2 in a database file.  The database file is determined by P3. 
** P3==0 means the main database, P3==1 means the database used for 
** temporary tables, and P3>1 means used the corresponding attached
** database.  Give the new cursor an identifier of P1.  The P1
** values need not be contiguous but all P1 values should be small integers.
................................................................................
** structure, then said structure defines the content and collating 
** sequence of the index being opened. Otherwise, if P4 is an integer 
** value, it is set to the number of columns in the table.
**
** See also OpenWrite.
*/
/* Opcode: OpenWrite P1 P2 P3 P4 P5

**
** Open a read/write cursor named P1 on the table or index whose root
** page is P2.  Or if P5!=0 use the content of register P2 to find the
** root page.
**
** The P4 value may be either an integer (P4_INT32) or a pointer to
** a KeyInfo structure (P4_KEYINFO). If it is a pointer to a KeyInfo 
................................................................................
  ** since moved into the btree layer.  */  
  pCur->isTable = pOp->p4type!=P4_KEYINFO;
  pCur->isIndex = !pCur->isTable;
  break;
}

/* Opcode: OpenEphemeral P1 P2 * P4 P5

**
** Open a new cursor P1 to a transient table.
** The cursor is always opened read/write even if 
** the main database is read-only.  The ephemeral
** table is deleted automatically when the cursor is closed.
**
** P2 is the number of columns in the ephemeral table.
................................................................................
**
** The P5 parameter can be a mask of the BTREE_* flags defined
** in btree.h.  These flags control aspects of the operation of
** the btree.  The BTREE_OMIT_JOURNAL and BTREE_SINGLE flags are
** added automatically.
*/
/* Opcode: OpenAutoindex P1 P2 * P4 *

**
** This opcode works the same as OP_OpenEphemeral.  It has a
** different name to distinguish its use.  Tables created using
** by this opcode will be used for automatically created transient
** indices in joins.
*/
case OP_OpenAutoindex: 
................................................................................
  }
  pCx->isOrdered = (pOp->p5!=BTREE_UNORDERED);
  pCx->isIndex = !pCx->isTable;
  break;
}

/* Opcode: SorterOpen P1 P2 * P4 *

**
** This opcode works like OP_OpenEphemeral except that it opens
** a transient index that is specifically designed to sort large
** tables using an external merge-sort algorithm.
*/
case OP_SorterOpen: {
  VdbeCursor *pCx;
................................................................................
  pCx->pKeyInfo->enc = ENC(p->db);
  pCx->isSorter = 1;
  rc = sqlite3VdbeSorterInit(db, pCx);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: OpenPseudo P1 P2 P3 * P5

**
** Open a new cursor that points to a fake table that contains a single
** row of data.  The content of that one row in the content of memory
** register P2 when P5==0.  In other words, cursor P1 becomes an alias for the 
** MEM_Blob content contained in register P2.  When P5==1, then the
** row is represented by P3 consecutive registers beginning with P2.
**
................................................................................
  assert( pOp->p1>=0 && pOp->p1<p->nCursor );
  sqlite3VdbeFreeCursor(p, p->apCsr[pOp->p1]);
  p->apCsr[pOp->p1] = 0;
  break;
}

/* Opcode: SeekGe P1 P2 P3 P4 *

**
** If cursor P1 refers to an SQL table (B-Tree that uses integer keys), 
** use the value in register P3 as the key.  If cursor P1 refers 
** to an SQL index, then P3 is the first in an array of P4 registers 
** that are used as an unpacked index key. 
**
** Reposition cursor P1 so that  it points to the smallest entry that 
** is greater than or equal to the key value. If there are no records 
** greater than or equal to the key and P2 is not zero, then jump to P2.
**
** See also: Found, NotFound, Distinct, SeekLt, SeekGt, SeekLe
*/
/* Opcode: SeekGt P1 P2 P3 P4 *

**
** If cursor P1 refers to an SQL table (B-Tree that uses integer keys), 
** use the value in register P3 as a key. If cursor P1 refers 
** to an SQL index, then P3 is the first in an array of P4 registers 
** that are used as an unpacked index key. 
**
** Reposition cursor P1 so that  it points to the smallest entry that 
** is greater than the key value. If there are no records greater than 
** the key and P2 is not zero, then jump to P2.
**
** See also: Found, NotFound, Distinct, SeekLt, SeekGe, SeekLe
*/
/* Opcode: SeekLt P1 P2 P3 P4 * 

**
** If cursor P1 refers to an SQL table (B-Tree that uses integer keys), 
** use the value in register P3 as a key. If cursor P1 refers 
** to an SQL index, then P3 is the first in an array of P4 registers 
** that are used as an unpacked index key. 
**
** Reposition cursor P1 so that  it points to the largest entry that 
** is less than the key value. If there are no records less than 
** the key and P2 is not zero, then jump to P2.
**
** See also: Found, NotFound, Distinct, SeekGt, SeekGe, SeekLe
*/
/* Opcode: SeekLe P1 P2 P3 P4 *

**
** If cursor P1 refers to an SQL table (B-Tree that uses integer keys), 
** use the value in register P3 as a key. If cursor P1 refers 
** to an SQL index, then P3 is the first in an array of P4 registers 
** that are used as an unpacked index key. 
**
** Reposition cursor P1 so that it points to the largest entry that 
................................................................................
    */
    pc = pOp->p2 - 1;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Seek P1 P2 * * *

**
** P1 is an open table cursor and P2 is a rowid integer.  Arrange
** for P1 to move so that it points to the rowid given by P2.
**
** This is actually a deferred seek.  Nothing actually happens until
** the cursor is used to read a record.  That way, if no reads
** occur, no unnecessary I/O happens.
................................................................................
    pC->deferredMoveto = 1;
  }
  break;
}
  

/* Opcode: Found P1 P2 P3 P4 *

**
** If P4==0 then register P3 holds a blob constructed by MakeRecord.  If
** P4>0 then register P3 is the first of P4 registers that form an unpacked
** record.
**
** Cursor P1 is on an index btree.  If the record identified by P3 and P4
** is a prefix of any entry in P1 then a jump is made to P2 and
** P1 is left pointing at the matching entry.
**
** See also: NotFound, NoConflict, NotExists. SeekGe
*/
/* Opcode: NotFound P1 P2 P3 P4 *

**
** If P4==0 then register P3 holds a blob constructed by MakeRecord.  If
** P4>0 then register P3 is the first of P4 registers that form an unpacked
** record.
** 
** Cursor P1 is on an index btree.  If the record identified by P3 and P4
** is not the prefix of any entry in P1 then a jump is made to P2.  If P1 
................................................................................
  }else{
    if( !alreadyExists ) pc = pOp->p2 - 1;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: NotExists P1 P2 P3 * *

**
** P1 is the index of a cursor open on an SQL table btree (with integer
** keys).  P3 is an integer rowid.  If P1 does not contain a record with
** rowid P3 then jump immediately to P2.  If P1 does contain a record
** with rowid P3 then leave the cursor pointing at that record and fall
** through to the next instruction.
**
................................................................................
    assert( pC->rowidIsValid==0 );
    pC->seekResult = 0;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Sequence P1 P2 * * *

**
** Find the next available sequence number for cursor P1.
** Write the sequence number into register P2.
** The sequence number on the cursor is incremented after this
** instruction.  
*/
case OP_Sequence: {           /* out2-prerelease */
................................................................................
  assert( p->apCsr[pOp->p1]!=0 );
  pOut->u.i = p->apCsr[pOp->p1]->seqCount++;
  break;
}


/* Opcode: NewRowid P1 P2 P3 * *

**
** Get a new integer record number (a.k.a "rowid") used as the key to a table.
** The record number is not previously used as a key in the database
** table that cursor P1 points to.  The new record number is written
** written to register P2.
**
** If P3>0 then P3 is a register in the root frame of this VDBE that holds 
................................................................................
    pC->cacheStatus = CACHE_STALE;
  }
  pOut->u.i = v;
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Insert P1 P2 P3 P4 P5

**
** Write an entry into the table of cursor P1.  A new entry is
** created if it doesn't already exist or the data for an existing
** entry is overwritten.  The data is the value MEM_Blob stored in register
** number P2. The key is stored in register P3. The key must
** be a MEM_Int.
**
................................................................................
** value of register P2 will then change.  Make sure this does not
** cause any problems.)
**
** This instruction only works on tables.  The equivalent instruction
** for indices is OP_IdxInsert.
*/
/* Opcode: InsertInt P1 P2 P3 P4 P5

**
** This works exactly like OP_Insert except that the key is the
** integer value P3, not the value of the integer stored in register P3.
*/
case OP_Insert: 
case OP_InsertInt: {
  Mem *pData;       /* MEM cell holding data for the record to be inserted */
................................................................................
case OP_ResetCount: {
  sqlite3VdbeSetChanges(db, p->nChange);
  p->nChange = 0;
  break;
}

/* Opcode: SorterCompare P1 P2 P3

**
** P1 is a sorter cursor. This instruction compares the record blob in 
** register P3 with the entry that the sorter cursor currently points to.
** If, excluding the rowid fields at the end, the two records are a match,
** fall through to the next instruction. Otherwise, jump to instruction P2.
*/
case OP_SorterCompare: {
................................................................................
  if( res ){
    pc = pOp->p2-1;
  }
  break;
};

/* Opcode: SorterData P1 P2 * * *

**
** Write into register P2 the current sorter data for sorter cursor P1.
*/
case OP_SorterData: {
  VdbeCursor *pC;

  pOut = &aMem[pOp->p2];
................................................................................
  pC = p->apCsr[pOp->p1];
  assert( pC->isSorter );
  rc = sqlite3VdbeSorterRowkey(pC, pOut);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: RowData P1 P2 * * *

**
** Write into register P2 the complete row data for cursor P1.
** There is no interpretation of the data.  
** It is just copied onto the P2 register exactly as 
** it is found in the database file.
**
** If the P1 cursor must be pointing to a valid row (not a NULL row)
** of a real table, not a pseudo-table.
*/
/* Opcode: RowKey P1 P2 * * *

**
** Write into register P2 the complete row key for cursor P1.
** There is no interpretation of the data.  
** The key is copied onto the P3 register exactly as 
** it is found in the database file.
**
** If the P1 cursor must be pointing to a valid row (not a NULL row)
................................................................................
  }
  pOut->enc = SQLITE_UTF8;  /* In case the blob is ever cast to text */
  UPDATE_MAX_BLOBSIZE(pOut);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Rowid P1 P2 * * *

**
** Store in register P2 an integer which is the key of the table entry that
** P1 is currently point to.
**
** P1 can be either an ordinary table or a virtual table.  There used to
** be a separate OP_VRowid opcode for use with virtual tables, but this
** one opcode now works for both table types.
................................................................................
  assert( pOp->p2>0 && pOp->p2<p->nOp );
  if( res ){
    pc = pOp->p2 - 1;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Next P1 P2 * P4 P5
**
** Advance cursor P1 so that it points to the next key/data pair in its
** table or index.  If there are no more key/value pairs then fall through
** to the following instruction.  But if the cursor advance was successful,
** jump immediately to P2.
**
** The P1 cursor must be for a real table, not a pseudo-table.
................................................................................
#endif
  }
  pC->rowidIsValid = 0;
  goto check_for_interrupt;
}

/* Opcode: IdxInsert P1 P2 P3 * P5

**
** Register P2 holds an SQL index key made using the
** MakeRecord instructions.  This opcode writes that key
** into the index P1.  Data for the entry is nil.
**
** P3 is a flag that provides a hint to the b-tree layer that this
** insert is likely to be an append.
................................................................................
      }
    }
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: IdxDelete P1 P2 P3 * *

**
** The content of P3 registers starting at register P2 form
** an unpacked index key. This opcode removes that entry from the 
** index opened by cursor P1.
*/
case OP_IdxDelete: {
  VdbeCursor *pC;
................................................................................
    assert( pC->deferredMoveto==0 );
    pC->cacheStatus = CACHE_STALE;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: IdxRowid P1 P2 * * *

**
** Write into register P2 an integer which is the last entry in the record at
** the end of the index key pointed to by cursor P1.  This integer should be
** the rowid of the table entry to which this index entry points.
**
** See also: Rowid, MakeRecord.
*/
................................................................................
      pOut->flags = MEM_Int;
    }
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: IdxGE P1 P2 P3 P4 P5

**
** The P4 register values beginning with P3 form an unpacked index 
** key that omits the ROWID.  Compare this key value against the index 
** that P1 is currently pointing to, ignoring the ROWID on the P1 index.
**
** If the P1 index entry is greater than or equal to the key value
** then jump to P2.  Otherwise fall through to the next instruction.
................................................................................
**
** If P5 is non-zero then the key value is increased by an epsilon 
** prior to the comparison.  This make the opcode work like IdxGT except
** that if the key from register P3 is a prefix of the key in the cursor,
** the result is false whereas it would be true with IdxGT.
*/
/* Opcode: IdxLT P1 P2 P3 P4 P5

**
** The P4 register values beginning with P3 form an unpacked index 
** key that omits the ROWID.  Compare this key value against the index 
** that P1 is currently pointing to, ignoring the ROWID on the P1 index.
**
** If the P1 index entry is less than the key value then jump to P2.
** Otherwise fall through to the next instruction.
................................................................................
      aMem[pOp->p3].u.i += nChange;
    }
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: CreateTable P1 P2 * * *

**
** Allocate a new table in the main database file if P1==0 or in the
** auxiliary database file if P1==1 or in an attached database if
** P1>1.  Write the root page number of the new table into
** register P2
**
** The difference between a table and an index is this:  A table must
** have a 4-byte integer key and can have arbitrary data.  An index
** has an arbitrary key but no data.
**
** See also: CreateIndex
*/
/* Opcode: CreateIndex P1 P2 * * *

**
** Allocate a new index in the main database file if P1==0 or in the
** auxiliary database file if P1==1 or in an attached database if
** P1>1.  Write the root page number of the new table into
** register P2.
**
** See documentation on OP_CreateTable for additional information.
................................................................................
  UPDATE_MAX_BLOBSIZE(pIn1);
  sqlite3VdbeChangeEncoding(pIn1, encoding);
  break;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_INTEGRITY_CHECK */

/* Opcode: RowSetAdd P1 P2 * * *

**
** Insert the integer value held by register P2 into a boolean index
** held in register P1.
**
** An assertion fails if P2 is not an integer.
*/
case OP_RowSetAdd: {       /* in1, in2 */
................................................................................
    if( (pIn1->flags & MEM_RowSet)==0 ) goto no_mem;
  }
  sqlite3RowSetInsert(pIn1->u.pRowSet, pIn2->u.i);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: RowSetRead P1 P2 P3 * *

**
** Extract the smallest value from boolean index P1 and put that value into
** register P3.  Or, if boolean index P1 is initially empty, leave P3
** unchanged and jump to instruction P2.
*/
case OP_RowSetRead: {       /* jump, in1, out3 */
  i64 val;
................................................................................
    /* A value was pulled from the index */
    sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64(&aMem[pOp->p3], val);
  }
  goto check_for_interrupt;
}

/* Opcode: RowSetTest P1 P2 P3 P4

**
** Register P3 is assumed to hold a 64-bit integer value. If register P1
** contains a RowSet object and that RowSet object contains
** the value held in P3, jump to register P2. Otherwise, insert the
** integer in P3 into the RowSet and continue on to the
** next opcode.
**
................................................................................
  break;
}

#endif /* #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY
/* Opcode: FkCounter P1 P2 * * *

**
** Increment a "constraint counter" by P2 (P2 may be negative or positive).
** If P1 is non-zero, the database constraint counter is incremented 
** (deferred foreign key constraints). Otherwise, if P1 is zero, the 
** statement counter is incremented (immediate foreign key constraints).
*/
case OP_FkCounter: {
................................................................................
  }else{
    p->nFkConstraint += pOp->p2;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: FkIfZero P1 P2 * * *

**
** This opcode tests if a foreign key constraint-counter is currently zero.
** If so, jump to instruction P2. Otherwise, fall through to the next 
** instruction.
**
** If P1 is non-zero, then the jump is taken if the database constraint-counter
** is zero (the one that counts deferred constraint violations). If P1 is
................................................................................
  }
  break;
}
#endif /* #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINCREMENT
/* Opcode: MemMax P1 P2 * * *

**
** P1 is a register in the root frame of this VM (the root frame is
** different from the current frame if this instruction is being executed
** within a sub-program). Set the value of register P1 to the maximum of 
** its current value and the value in register P2.
**
** This instruction throws an error if the memory cell is not initially
................................................................................
    pIn1->u.i = pIn2->u.i;
  }
  break;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINCREMENT */

/* Opcode: IfPos P1 P2 * * *

**
** If the value of register P1 is 1 or greater, jump to P2.
**
** It is illegal to use this instruction on a register that does
** not contain an integer.  An assertion fault will result if you try.
*/
case OP_IfPos: {        /* jump, in1 */
................................................................................
  if( pIn1->u.i>0 ){
     pc = pOp->p2 - 1;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: IfNeg P1 P2 * * *

**
** If the value of register P1 is less than zero, jump to P2. 
**
** It is illegal to use this instruction on a register that does
** not contain an integer.  An assertion fault will result if you try.
*/
case OP_IfNeg: {        /* jump, in1 */
................................................................................
  if( pIn1->u.i<0 ){
     pc = pOp->p2 - 1;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: IfZero P1 P2 P3 * *

**
** The register P1 must contain an integer.  Add literal P3 to the
** value in register P1.  If the result is exactly 0, jump to P2. 
**
** It is illegal to use this instruction on a register that does
** not contain an integer.  An assertion fault will result if you try.
*/
................................................................................
  if( pIn1->u.i==0 ){
     pc = pOp->p2 - 1;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: AggStep * P2 P3 P4 P5

**
** Execute the step function for an aggregate.  The
** function has P5 arguments.   P4 is a pointer to the FuncDef
** structure that specifies the function.  Use register
** P3 as the accumulator.
**
** The P5 arguments are taken from register P2 and its
................................................................................

  sqlite3VdbeMemRelease(&ctx.s);

  break;
}

/* Opcode: AggFinal P1 P2 * P4 *

**
** Execute the finalizer function for an aggregate.  P1 is
** the memory location that is the accumulator for the aggregate.
**
** P2 is the number of arguments that the step function takes and
** P4 is a pointer to the FuncDef for this function.  The P2
** argument is not used by this opcode.  It is only there to disambiguate
................................................................................
    p->expired = 1;
  }
  break;
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
/* Opcode: TableLock P1 P2 P3 P4 *

**
** Obtain a lock on a particular table. This instruction is only used when
** the shared-cache feature is enabled. 
**
** P1 is the index of the database in sqlite3.aDb[] of the database
** on which the lock is acquired.  A readlock is obtained if P3==0 or
** a write lock if P3==1.
................................................................................
  }
  break;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
/* Opcode: VFilter P1 P2 P3 P4 *

**
** P1 is a cursor opened using VOpen.  P2 is an address to jump to if
** the filtered result set is empty.
**
** P4 is either NULL or a string that was generated by the xBestIndex
** method of the module.  The interpretation of the P4 string is left
** to the module implementation.
................................................................................

  break;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
/* Opcode: VColumn P1 P2 P3 * *

**
** Store the value of the P2-th column of
** the row of the virtual-table that the 
** P1 cursor is pointing to into register P3.
*/
case OP_VColumn: {
  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;
................................................................................
  }
  break;
}
#endif

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
/* Opcode: VUpdate P1 P2 P3 P4 *

**
** P4 is a pointer to a virtual table object, an sqlite3_vtab structure.
** This opcode invokes the corresponding xUpdate method. P2 values
** are contiguous memory cells starting at P3 to pass to the xUpdate 
** invocation. The value in register (P3+P2-1) corresponds to the 
** p2th element of the argv array passed to xUpdate.
**

  pIn1->u.i = pc;
  REGISTER_TRACE(pOp->p1, pIn1);
  pc = pcDest;
  break;
}

/* Opcode:  HaltIfNull  P1 P2 P3 P4 *
** Synopsis:  if r[P3] null then halt
**
** Check the value in register P3.  If it is NULL then Halt using
** parameter P1, P2, and P4 as if this were a Halt instruction.  If the
** value in register P3 is not NULL, then this routine is a no-op.
*/
case OP_HaltIfNull: {      /* in3 */
  pIn3 = &aMem[pOp->p3];
................................................................................
    assert( rc==SQLITE_OK || db->nDeferredCons>0 || db->nDeferredImmCons>0 );
    rc = p->rc ? SQLITE_ERROR : SQLITE_DONE;
  }
  goto vdbe_return;
}

/* Opcode: Integer P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis: r[P2]=P1
**
** The 32-bit integer value P1 is written into register P2.
*/
case OP_Integer: {         /* out2-prerelease */
  pOut->u.i = pOp->p1;
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Int64 * P2 * P4 *
** Synopsis: r[P2]=P4
**
** P4 is a pointer to a 64-bit integer value.
** Write that value into register P2.
*/
case OP_Int64: {           /* out2-prerelease */
  assert( pOp->p4.pI64!=0 );
  pOut->u.i = *pOp->p4.pI64;
  break;
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
/* Opcode: Real * P2 * P4 *
** Synopsis: r[P2]=P4
**
** P4 is a pointer to a 64-bit floating point value.
** Write that value into register P2.
*/
case OP_Real: {            /* same as TK_FLOAT, out2-prerelease */
  pOut->flags = MEM_Real;
  assert( !sqlite3IsNaN(*pOp->p4.pReal) );
  pOut->r = *pOp->p4.pReal;
  break;
}
#endif

/* Opcode: String8 * P2 * P4 *
** Synopsis: r[P2]='P4'
**
** P4 points to a nul terminated UTF-8 string. This opcode is transformed 
** into an OP_String before it is executed for the first time.
*/
case OP_String8: {         /* same as TK_STRING, out2-prerelease */
  assert( pOp->p4.z!=0 );
  pOp->opcode = OP_String;
................................................................................
  if( pOp->p1>db->aLimit[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH] ){
    goto too_big;
  }
  /* Fall through to the next case, OP_String */
}
  
/* Opcode: String P1 P2 * P4 *
** Synopsis: r[P2]='P4' (len=P1)
**
** The string value P4 of length P1 (bytes) is stored in register P2.
*/
case OP_String: {          /* out2-prerelease */
  assert( pOp->p4.z!=0 );
  pOut->flags = MEM_Str|MEM_Static|MEM_Term;
  pOut->z = pOp->p4.z;
................................................................................
  pOut->n = pOp->p1;
  pOut->enc = encoding;
  UPDATE_MAX_BLOBSIZE(pOut);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Null P1 P2 P3 * *
** Synopsis:  r[P2..P3]=NULL
**
** Write a NULL into registers P2.  If P3 greater than P2, then also write
** NULL into register P3 and every register in between P2 and P3.  If P3
** is less than P2 (typically P3 is zero) then only register P2 is
** set to NULL.
**
** If the P1 value is non-zero, then also set the MEM_Cleared flag so that
................................................................................
    cnt--;
  }
  break;
}


/* Opcode: Blob P1 P2 * P4
** Synopsis: r[P2]=P4 (len=P1)
**
** P4 points to a blob of data P1 bytes long.  Store this
** blob in register P2.
*/
case OP_Blob: {                /* out2-prerelease */
  assert( pOp->p1 <= SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH );
  sqlite3VdbeMemSetStr(pOut, pOp->p4.z, pOp->p1, 0, 0);
  pOut->enc = encoding;
  UPDATE_MAX_BLOBSIZE(pOut);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Variable P1 P2 * P4 *
** Synopsis: r[P2]=parameter(P1,P4)
**
** Transfer the values of bound parameter P1 into register P2
**
** If the parameter is named, then its name appears in P4 and P3==1.
** The P4 value is used by sqlite3_bind_parameter_name().
*/
case OP_Variable: {            /* out2-prerelease */
................................................................................
  }
  sqlite3VdbeMemShallowCopy(pOut, pVar, MEM_Static);
  UPDATE_MAX_BLOBSIZE(pOut);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Move P1 P2 P3 * *
** Synopsis:  r[P2]=r[P1] N=P3
**
** Move the values in register P1..P1+P3 over into
** registers P2..P2+P3.  Registers P1..P1+P3 are
** left holding a NULL.  It is an error for register ranges
** P1..P1+P3 and P2..P2+P3 to overlap.
*/
case OP_Move: {
................................................................................
    pIn1++;
    pOut++;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Copy P1 P2 P3 * *
** Synopsis: r[P2]=r[P1] N=P3
**
** Make a copy of registers P1..P1+P3 into registers P2..P2+P3.
**
** This instruction makes a deep copy of the value.  A duplicate
** is made of any string or blob constant.  See also OP_SCopy.
*/
case OP_Copy: {
................................................................................
    pOut++;
    pIn1++;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: SCopy P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis: r[P2]=r[P1]
**
** Make a shallow copy of register P1 into register P2.
**
** This instruction makes a shallow copy of the value.  If the value
** is a string or blob, then the copy is only a pointer to the
** original and hence if the original changes so will the copy.
** Worse, if the original is deallocated, the copy becomes invalid.
................................................................................
  if( pOut->pScopyFrom==0 ) pOut->pScopyFrom = pIn1;
#endif
  REGISTER_TRACE(pOp->p2, pOut);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: ResultRow P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis:  output=r[P1].. columns=P1
**
** The registers P1 through P1+P2-1 contain a single row of
** results. This opcode causes the sqlite3_step() call to terminate
** with an SQLITE_ROW return code and it sets up the sqlite3_stmt
** structure to provide access to the top P1 values as the result
** row.
*/
................................................................................
  */
  p->pc = pc + 1;
  rc = SQLITE_ROW;
  goto vdbe_return;
}

/* Opcode: Concat P1 P2 P3 * *
** Synopsis: r[P3]=r[P2]+r[P3]
**
** Add the text in register P1 onto the end of the text in
** register P2 and store the result in register P3.
** If either the P1 or P2 text are NULL then store NULL in P3.
**
**   P3 = P2 || P1
**
................................................................................
  if( sqlite3VdbeMemGrow(pOut, (int)nByte+2, pOut==pIn2) ){
    goto no_mem;
  }
  if( pOut!=pIn2 ){
    memcpy(pOut->z, pIn2->z, pIn2->n);
  }
  memcpy(&pOut->z[pIn2->n], pIn1->z, pIn1->n);
  pOut->z[nByte]=0;
  pOut->z[nByte+1] = 0;
  pOut->flags |= MEM_Term;
  pOut->n = (int)nByte;
  pOut->enc = encoding;
  UPDATE_MAX_BLOBSIZE(pOut);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Add P1 P2 P3 * *
** Synopsis:  r[P3]=r[P1]+r[P2]
**
** Add the value in register P1 to the value in register P2
** and store the result in register P3.
** If either input is NULL, the result is NULL.
*/
/* Opcode: Multiply P1 P2 P3 * *
** Synopsis:  r[P3]=r[P1]*r[P2]
**
**
** Multiply the value in register P1 by the value in register P2
** and store the result in register P3.
** If either input is NULL, the result is NULL.
*/
/* Opcode: Subtract P1 P2 P3 * *
** Synopsis:  r[P3]=r[P2]-r[P1]
**
** Subtract the value in register P1 from the value in register P2
** and store the result in register P3.
** If either input is NULL, the result is NULL.
*/
/* Opcode: Divide P1 P2 P3 * *
** Synopsis:  r[P3]=r[P1]/r[P2]
**
** Divide the value in register P1 by the value in register P2
** and store the result in register P3 (P3=P2/P1). If the value in 
** register P1 is zero, then the result is NULL. If either input is 
** NULL, the result is NULL.
*/
/* Opcode: Remainder P1 P2 P3 * *
** Synopsis:  r[P3]=r[P1]%r[P2]
**
** Compute the remainder after integer division of the value in
** register P1 by the value in register P2 and store the result in P3. 
** If the value in register P2 is zero the result is NULL.
** If either operand is NULL, the result is NULL.
*/
case OP_Add:                   /* same as TK_PLUS, in1, in2, out3 */
................................................................................
  if( pOp->p1 ){
    sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64(&aMem[pOp->p1], 0);
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Function P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
** Synopsis: r[P3]=func(r[P2]..) N=P5
**
** Invoke a user function (P4 is a pointer to a Function structure that
** defines the function) with P5 arguments taken from register P2 and
** successors.  The result of the function is stored in register P3.
** Register P3 must not be one of the function inputs.
**
** P1 is a 32-bit bitmask indicating whether or not each argument to the 
................................................................................

  REGISTER_TRACE(pOp->p3, pOut);
  UPDATE_MAX_BLOBSIZE(pOut);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: BitAnd P1 P2 P3 * *
** Synopsis:  r[P3]=r[P1]&r[P2]
**
** Take the bit-wise AND of the values in register P1 and P2 and
** store the result in register P3.
** If either input is NULL, the result is NULL.
*/
/* Opcode: BitOr P1 P2 P3 * *
** Synopsis:  r[P3]=r[P1]|r[P2]
**
** Take the bit-wise OR of the values in register P1 and P2 and
** store the result in register P3.
** If either input is NULL, the result is NULL.
*/
/* Opcode: ShiftLeft P1 P2 P3 * *
** Synopsis:  r[P3]=r[P2]<<r[P1]
**
** Shift the integer value in register P2 to the left by the
** number of bits specified by the integer in register P1.
** Store the result in register P3.
** If either input is NULL, the result is NULL.
*/
/* Opcode: ShiftRight P1 P2 P3 * *
** Synopsis:  r[P3]=r[P2]>>r[P1]
**
** Shift the integer value in register P2 to the right by the
** number of bits specified by the integer in register P1.
** Store the result in register P3.
** If either input is NULL, the result is NULL.
*/
case OP_BitAnd:                 /* same as TK_BITAND, in1, in2, out3 */
................................................................................
  }
  pOut->u.i = iA;
  MemSetTypeFlag(pOut, MEM_Int);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: AddImm  P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis:  r[P1]=r[P1]+P2
** 
** Add the constant P2 to the value in register P1.
** The result is always an integer.
**
** To force any register to be an integer, just add 0.
*/
case OP_AddImm: {            /* in1 */
................................................................................
    sqlite3VdbeMemRealify(pIn1);
  }
  break;
}
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_CAST) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT) */

/* Opcode: Lt P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
** Synopsis: r[P1] < r[P3]
**
** Compare the values in register P1 and P3.  If reg(P3)<reg(P1) then
** jump to address P2.  
**
** If the SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL bit of P5 is set and either reg(P1) or
** reg(P3) is NULL then take the jump.  If the SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL 
** bit is clear then fall through if either operand is NULL.
................................................................................
** store a boolean result (either 0, or 1, or NULL) in register P2.
**
** If the SQLITE_NULLEQ bit is set in P5, then NULL values are considered
** equal to one another, provided that they do not have their MEM_Cleared
** bit set.
*/
/* Opcode: Ne P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
** Synopsis: r[P1] != r[P3]
**
** This works just like the Lt opcode except that the jump is taken if
** the operands in registers P1 and P3 are not equal.  See the Lt opcode for
** additional information.
**
** If SQLITE_NULLEQ is set in P5 then the result of comparison is always either
** true or false and is never NULL.  If both operands are NULL then the result
** of comparison is false.  If either operand is NULL then the result is true.
** If neither operand is NULL the result is the same as it would be if
** the SQLITE_NULLEQ flag were omitted from P5.
*/
/* Opcode: Eq P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
** Synopsis: r[P1] == r[P3]
**
** This works just like the Lt opcode except that the jump is taken if
** the operands in registers P1 and P3 are equal.
** See the Lt opcode for additional information.
**
** If SQLITE_NULLEQ is set in P5 then the result of comparison is always either
** true or false and is never NULL.  If both operands are NULL then the result
** of comparison is true.  If either operand is NULL then the result is false.
** If neither operand is NULL the result is the same as it would be if
** the SQLITE_NULLEQ flag were omitted from P5.
*/
/* Opcode: Le P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
** Synopsis: r[P1] <= r[P3]
**
** This works just like the Lt opcode except that the jump is taken if
** the content of register P3 is less than or equal to the content of
** register P1.  See the Lt opcode for additional information.
*/
/* Opcode: Gt P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
** Synopsis: r[P1] > r[P3]
**
** This works just like the Lt opcode except that the jump is taken if
** the content of register P3 is greater than the content of
** register P1.  See the Lt opcode for additional information.
*/
/* Opcode: Ge P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
** Synopsis: r[P1] >= r[P3]
**
** This works just like the Lt opcode except that the jump is taken if
** the content of register P3 is greater than or equal to the content of
** register P1.  See the Lt opcode for additional information.
*/
case OP_Eq:               /* same as TK_EQ, jump, in1, in3 */
case OP_Ne:               /* same as TK_NE, jump, in1, in3 */
................................................................................
  }else{
    pc = pOp->p3 - 1;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: And P1 P2 P3 * *
** Synopsis: r[P3]=(r[P1] && r[P2])
**
** Take the logical AND of the values in registers P1 and P2 and
** write the result into register P3.
**
** If either P1 or P2 is 0 (false) then the result is 0 even if
** the other input is NULL.  A NULL and true or two NULLs give
** a NULL output.
*/
/* Opcode: Or P1 P2 P3 * *
** Synopsis: r[P3]=(r[P1] || r[P2])
**
** Take the logical OR of the values in register P1 and P2 and
** store the answer in register P3.
**
** If either P1 or P2 is nonzero (true) then the result is 1 (true)
** even if the other input is NULL.  A NULL and false or two NULLs
** give a NULL output.
................................................................................
    pOut->u.i = v1;
    MemSetTypeFlag(pOut, MEM_Int);
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Not P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis: r[P2]= !r[P1]
**
** Interpret the value in register P1 as a boolean value.  Store the
** boolean complement in register P2.  If the value in register P1 is 
** NULL, then a NULL is stored in P2.
*/
case OP_Not: {                /* same as TK_NOT, in1, out2 */
  pIn1 = &aMem[pOp->p1];
................................................................................
  }else{
    sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64(pOut, !sqlite3VdbeIntValue(pIn1));
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: BitNot P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis: r[P1]= ~r[P1]
**
** Interpret the content of register P1 as an integer.  Store the
** ones-complement of the P1 value into register P2.  If P1 holds
** a NULL then store a NULL in P2.
*/
case OP_BitNot: {             /* same as TK_BITNOT, in1, out2 */
  pIn1 = &aMem[pOp->p1];
................................................................................
  if( (pIn1->flags & MEM_Null)==0 ){
    pc = pOp->p2 - 1;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Column P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
** Synopsis:  r[P3]=PX
**
** Interpret the data that cursor P1 points to as a structure built using
** the MakeRecord instruction.  (See the MakeRecord opcode for additional
** information about the format of the data.)  Extract the P2-th column
** from this record.  If there are less that (P2+1) 
** values in the record, extract a NULL.
**
................................................................................
op_column_out:
  UPDATE_MAX_BLOBSIZE(pDest);
  REGISTER_TRACE(pOp->p3, pDest);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Affinity P1 P2 * P4 *
** Synopsis: affinity(r[P1]) N=P2
**
** Apply affinities to a range of P2 registers starting with P1.
**
** P4 is a string that is P2 characters long. The nth character of the
** string indicates the column affinity that should be used for the nth
** memory cell in the range.
*/
................................................................................
    applyAffinity(pIn1, cAff, encoding);
    pIn1++;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: MakeRecord P1 P2 P3 P4 *
** Synopsis: r[P3]=rec(r[P1]..) N=P2
**
** Convert P2 registers beginning with P1 into the [record format]
** use as a data record in a database table or as a key
** in an index.  The OP_Column opcode can decode the record later.
**
** P4 may be a string that is P2 characters long.  The nth character of the
** string indicates the column affinity that should be used for the nth
................................................................................
  pOut->enc = SQLITE_UTF8;  /* In case the blob is ever converted to text */
  REGISTER_TRACE(pOp->p3, pOut);
  UPDATE_MAX_BLOBSIZE(pOut);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Count P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis: r[P2]=count()
**
** Store the number of entries (an integer value) in the table or index 
** opened by cursor P1 in register P2
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_BTREECOUNT
case OP_Count: {         /* out2-prerelease */
  i64 nEntry;
................................................................................
    p->expired = 1;
    rc = SQLITE_SCHEMA;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: OpenRead P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
** Synopsis: root=P2 iDb=P3
**
** Open a read-only cursor for the database table whose root page is
** P2 in a database file.  The database file is determined by P3. 
** P3==0 means the main database, P3==1 means the database used for 
** temporary tables, and P3>1 means used the corresponding attached
** database.  Give the new cursor an identifier of P1.  The P1
** values need not be contiguous but all P1 values should be small integers.
................................................................................
** structure, then said structure defines the content and collating 
** sequence of the index being opened. Otherwise, if P4 is an integer 
** value, it is set to the number of columns in the table.
**
** See also OpenWrite.
*/
/* Opcode: OpenWrite P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
** Synopsis: root=P2 iDb=P3
**
** Open a read/write cursor named P1 on the table or index whose root
** page is P2.  Or if P5!=0 use the content of register P2 to find the
** root page.
**
** The P4 value may be either an integer (P4_INT32) or a pointer to
** a KeyInfo structure (P4_KEYINFO). If it is a pointer to a KeyInfo 
................................................................................
  ** since moved into the btree layer.  */  
  pCur->isTable = pOp->p4type!=P4_KEYINFO;
  pCur->isIndex = !pCur->isTable;
  break;
}

/* Opcode: OpenEphemeral P1 P2 * P4 P5
** Synopsis: nColumn=P2
**
** Open a new cursor P1 to a transient table.
** The cursor is always opened read/write even if 
** the main database is read-only.  The ephemeral
** table is deleted automatically when the cursor is closed.
**
** P2 is the number of columns in the ephemeral table.
................................................................................
**
** The P5 parameter can be a mask of the BTREE_* flags defined
** in btree.h.  These flags control aspects of the operation of
** the btree.  The BTREE_OMIT_JOURNAL and BTREE_SINGLE flags are
** added automatically.
*/
/* Opcode: OpenAutoindex P1 P2 * P4 *
** Synopsis: nColumn=P2
**
** This opcode works the same as OP_OpenEphemeral.  It has a
** different name to distinguish its use.  Tables created using
** by this opcode will be used for automatically created transient
** indices in joins.
*/
case OP_OpenAutoindex: 
................................................................................
  }
  pCx->isOrdered = (pOp->p5!=BTREE_UNORDERED);
  pCx->isIndex = !pCx->isTable;
  break;
}

/* Opcode: SorterOpen P1 P2 * P4 *
** Synopsis: nColumn=P2
**
** This opcode works like OP_OpenEphemeral except that it opens
** a transient index that is specifically designed to sort large
** tables using an external merge-sort algorithm.
*/
case OP_SorterOpen: {
  VdbeCursor *pCx;
................................................................................
  pCx->pKeyInfo->enc = ENC(p->db);
  pCx->isSorter = 1;
  rc = sqlite3VdbeSorterInit(db, pCx);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: OpenPseudo P1 P2 P3 * P5
** Synopsis: content in r[P2].. N=P3
**
** Open a new cursor that points to a fake table that contains a single
** row of data.  The content of that one row in the content of memory
** register P2 when P5==0.  In other words, cursor P1 becomes an alias for the 
** MEM_Blob content contained in register P2.  When P5==1, then the
** row is represented by P3 consecutive registers beginning with P2.
**
................................................................................
  assert( pOp->p1>=0 && pOp->p1<p->nCursor );
  sqlite3VdbeFreeCursor(p, p->apCsr[pOp->p1]);
  p->apCsr[pOp->p1] = 0;
  break;
}

/* Opcode: SeekGe P1 P2 P3 P4 *
** Synopsis: key=r[P3].. N=P4
**
** If cursor P1 refers to an SQL table (B-Tree that uses integer keys), 
** use the value in register P3 as the key.  If cursor P1 refers 
** to an SQL index, then P3 is the first in an array of P4 registers 
** that are used as an unpacked index key. 
**
** Reposition cursor P1 so that  it points to the smallest entry that 
** is greater than or equal to the key value. If there are no records 
** greater than or equal to the key and P2 is not zero, then jump to P2.
**
** See also: Found, NotFound, Distinct, SeekLt, SeekGt, SeekLe
*/
/* Opcode: SeekGt P1 P2 P3 P4 *
** Synopsis: key=r[P3].. N=P4
**
** If cursor P1 refers to an SQL table (B-Tree that uses integer keys), 
** use the value in register P3 as a key. If cursor P1 refers 
** to an SQL index, then P3 is the first in an array of P4 registers 
** that are used as an unpacked index key. 
**
** Reposition cursor P1 so that  it points to the smallest entry that 
** is greater than the key value. If there are no records greater than 
** the key and P2 is not zero, then jump to P2.
**
** See also: Found, NotFound, Distinct, SeekLt, SeekGe, SeekLe
*/
/* Opcode: SeekLt P1 P2 P3 P4 * 
** Synopsis: key=r[P3].. N=P4
**
** If cursor P1 refers to an SQL table (B-Tree that uses integer keys), 
** use the value in register P3 as a key. If cursor P1 refers 
** to an SQL index, then P3 is the first in an array of P4 registers 
** that are used as an unpacked index key. 
**
** Reposition cursor P1 so that  it points to the largest entry that 
** is less than the key value. If there are no records less than 
** the key and P2 is not zero, then jump to P2.
**
** See also: Found, NotFound, Distinct, SeekGt, SeekGe, SeekLe
*/
/* Opcode: SeekLe P1 P2 P3 P4 *
** Synopsis: key=r[P3].. N=P4
**
** If cursor P1 refers to an SQL table (B-Tree that uses integer keys), 
** use the value in register P3 as a key. If cursor P1 refers 
** to an SQL index, then P3 is the first in an array of P4 registers 
** that are used as an unpacked index key. 
**
** Reposition cursor P1 so that it points to the largest entry that 
................................................................................
    */
    pc = pOp->p2 - 1;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Seek P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis:  intkey=r[P2]
**
** P1 is an open table cursor and P2 is a rowid integer.  Arrange
** for P1 to move so that it points to the rowid given by P2.
**
** This is actually a deferred seek.  Nothing actually happens until
** the cursor is used to read a record.  That way, if no reads
** occur, no unnecessary I/O happens.
................................................................................
    pC->deferredMoveto = 1;
  }
  break;
}
  

/* Opcode: Found P1 P2 P3 P4 *
** Synopsis: key=r[P3].. N=P4
**
** If P4==0 then register P3 holds a blob constructed by MakeRecord.  If
** P4>0 then register P3 is the first of P4 registers that form an unpacked
** record.
**
** Cursor P1 is on an index btree.  If the record identified by P3 and P4
** is a prefix of any entry in P1 then a jump is made to P2 and
** P1 is left pointing at the matching entry.
**
** See also: NotFound, NoConflict, NotExists. SeekGe
*/
/* Opcode: NotFound P1 P2 P3 P4 *
** Synopsis: key=r[P3] N=P4
**
** If P4==0 then register P3 holds a blob constructed by MakeRecord.  If
** P4>0 then register P3 is the first of P4 registers that form an unpacked
** record.
** 
** Cursor P1 is on an index btree.  If the record identified by P3 and P4
** is not the prefix of any entry in P1 then a jump is made to P2.  If P1 
................................................................................
  }else{
    if( !alreadyExists ) pc = pOp->p2 - 1;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: NotExists P1 P2 P3 * *
** Synopsis: intkey=r[P3]
**
** P1 is the index of a cursor open on an SQL table btree (with integer
** keys).  P3 is an integer rowid.  If P1 does not contain a record with
** rowid P3 then jump immediately to P2.  If P1 does contain a record
** with rowid P3 then leave the cursor pointing at that record and fall
** through to the next instruction.
**
................................................................................
    assert( pC->rowidIsValid==0 );
    pC->seekResult = 0;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Sequence P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis: r[P2]=rowid
**
** Find the next available sequence number for cursor P1.
** Write the sequence number into register P2.
** The sequence number on the cursor is incremented after this
** instruction.  
*/
case OP_Sequence: {           /* out2-prerelease */
................................................................................
  assert( p->apCsr[pOp->p1]!=0 );
  pOut->u.i = p->apCsr[pOp->p1]->seqCount++;
  break;
}


/* Opcode: NewRowid P1 P2 P3 * *
** Synopsis: r[P2]=rowid
**
** Get a new integer record number (a.k.a "rowid") used as the key to a table.
** The record number is not previously used as a key in the database
** table that cursor P1 points to.  The new record number is written
** written to register P2.
**
** If P3>0 then P3 is a register in the root frame of this VDBE that holds 
................................................................................
    pC->cacheStatus = CACHE_STALE;
  }
  pOut->u.i = v;
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Insert P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
** Synopsis: intkey=r[P3] data=r[P2]
**
** Write an entry into the table of cursor P1.  A new entry is
** created if it doesn't already exist or the data for an existing
** entry is overwritten.  The data is the value MEM_Blob stored in register
** number P2. The key is stored in register P3. The key must
** be a MEM_Int.
**
................................................................................
** value of register P2 will then change.  Make sure this does not
** cause any problems.)
**
** This instruction only works on tables.  The equivalent instruction
** for indices is OP_IdxInsert.
*/
/* Opcode: InsertInt P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
** Synopsis:  intkey=P3 data=r[P2]
**
** This works exactly like OP_Insert except that the key is the
** integer value P3, not the value of the integer stored in register P3.
*/
case OP_Insert: 
case OP_InsertInt: {
  Mem *pData;       /* MEM cell holding data for the record to be inserted */
................................................................................
case OP_ResetCount: {
  sqlite3VdbeSetChanges(db, p->nChange);
  p->nChange = 0;
  break;
}

/* Opcode: SorterCompare P1 P2 P3
** Synopsis:  if key(P1)!=r[P3] goto P2
**
** P1 is a sorter cursor. This instruction compares the record blob in 
** register P3 with the entry that the sorter cursor currently points to.
** If, excluding the rowid fields at the end, the two records are a match,
** fall through to the next instruction. Otherwise, jump to instruction P2.
*/
case OP_SorterCompare: {
................................................................................
  if( res ){
    pc = pOp->p2-1;
  }
  break;
};

/* Opcode: SorterData P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis: r[P2]=data
**
** Write into register P2 the current sorter data for sorter cursor P1.
*/
case OP_SorterData: {
  VdbeCursor *pC;

  pOut = &aMem[pOp->p2];
................................................................................
  pC = p->apCsr[pOp->p1];
  assert( pC->isSorter );
  rc = sqlite3VdbeSorterRowkey(pC, pOut);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: RowData P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis: r[P2]=data
**
** Write into register P2 the complete row data for cursor P1.
** There is no interpretation of the data.  
** It is just copied onto the P2 register exactly as 
** it is found in the database file.
**
** If the P1 cursor must be pointing to a valid row (not a NULL row)
** of a real table, not a pseudo-table.
*/
/* Opcode: RowKey P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis: r[P2]=key
**
** Write into register P2 the complete row key for cursor P1.
** There is no interpretation of the data.  
** The key is copied onto the P3 register exactly as 
** it is found in the database file.
**
** If the P1 cursor must be pointing to a valid row (not a NULL row)
................................................................................
  }
  pOut->enc = SQLITE_UTF8;  /* In case the blob is ever cast to text */
  UPDATE_MAX_BLOBSIZE(pOut);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Rowid P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis: r[P2]=rowid
**
** Store in register P2 an integer which is the key of the table entry that
** P1 is currently point to.
**
** P1 can be either an ordinary table or a virtual table.  There used to
** be a separate OP_VRowid opcode for use with virtual tables, but this
** one opcode now works for both table types.
................................................................................
  assert( pOp->p2>0 && pOp->p2<p->nOp );
  if( res ){
    pc = pOp->p2 - 1;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Next P1 P2 * * P5
**
** Advance cursor P1 so that it points to the next key/data pair in its
** table or index.  If there are no more key/value pairs then fall through
** to the following instruction.  But if the cursor advance was successful,
** jump immediately to P2.
**
** The P1 cursor must be for a real table, not a pseudo-table.
................................................................................
#endif
  }
  pC->rowidIsValid = 0;
  goto check_for_interrupt;
}

/* Opcode: IdxInsert P1 P2 P3 * P5
** Synopsis: key=r[P2]
**
** Register P2 holds an SQL index key made using the
** MakeRecord instructions.  This opcode writes that key
** into the index P1.  Data for the entry is nil.
**
** P3 is a flag that provides a hint to the b-tree layer that this
** insert is likely to be an append.
................................................................................
      }
    }
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: IdxDelete P1 P2 P3 * *
** Synopsis: key=r[P2]..
**
** The content of P3 registers starting at register P2 form
** an unpacked index key. This opcode removes that entry from the 
** index opened by cursor P1.
*/
case OP_IdxDelete: {
  VdbeCursor *pC;
................................................................................
    assert( pC->deferredMoveto==0 );
    pC->cacheStatus = CACHE_STALE;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: IdxRowid P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis: r[P2]=rowid
**
** Write into register P2 an integer which is the last entry in the record at
** the end of the index key pointed to by cursor P1.  This integer should be
** the rowid of the table entry to which this index entry points.
**
** See also: Rowid, MakeRecord.
*/
................................................................................
      pOut->flags = MEM_Int;
    }
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: IdxGE P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
** Synopsis: key=r[P3] N=P4
**
** The P4 register values beginning with P3 form an unpacked index 
** key that omits the ROWID.  Compare this key value against the index 
** that P1 is currently pointing to, ignoring the ROWID on the P1 index.
**
** If the P1 index entry is greater than or equal to the key value
** then jump to P2.  Otherwise fall through to the next instruction.
................................................................................
**
** If P5 is non-zero then the key value is increased by an epsilon 
** prior to the comparison.  This make the opcode work like IdxGT except
** that if the key from register P3 is a prefix of the key in the cursor,
** the result is false whereas it would be true with IdxGT.
*/
/* Opcode: IdxLT P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
** Synopsis: key=r[P3] N=P4
**
** The P4 register values beginning with P3 form an unpacked index 
** key that omits the ROWID.  Compare this key value against the index 
** that P1 is currently pointing to, ignoring the ROWID on the P1 index.
**
** If the P1 index entry is less than the key value then jump to P2.
** Otherwise fall through to the next instruction.
................................................................................
      aMem[pOp->p3].u.i += nChange;
    }
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: CreateTable P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis: r[P2]=root iDb=P1
**
** Allocate a new table in the main database file if P1==0 or in the
** auxiliary database file if P1==1 or in an attached database if
** P1>1.  Write the root page number of the new table into
** register P2
**
** The difference between a table and an index is this:  A table must
** have a 4-byte integer key and can have arbitrary data.  An index
** has an arbitrary key but no data.
**
** See also: CreateIndex
*/
/* Opcode: CreateIndex P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis: r[P2]=root iDb=P1
**
** Allocate a new index in the main database file if P1==0 or in the
** auxiliary database file if P1==1 or in an attached database if
** P1>1.  Write the root page number of the new table into
** register P2.
**
** See documentation on OP_CreateTable for additional information.
................................................................................
  UPDATE_MAX_BLOBSIZE(pIn1);
  sqlite3VdbeChangeEncoding(pIn1, encoding);
  break;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_INTEGRITY_CHECK */

/* Opcode: RowSetAdd P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis:  rowset(P1)=r[P2]
**
** Insert the integer value held by register P2 into a boolean index
** held in register P1.
**
** An assertion fails if P2 is not an integer.
*/
case OP_RowSetAdd: {       /* in1, in2 */
................................................................................
    if( (pIn1->flags & MEM_RowSet)==0 ) goto no_mem;
  }
  sqlite3RowSetInsert(pIn1->u.pRowSet, pIn2->u.i);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: RowSetRead P1 P2 P3 * *
** Synopsis:  r[P3]=rowset(P1)
**
** Extract the smallest value from boolean index P1 and put that value into
** register P3.  Or, if boolean index P1 is initially empty, leave P3
** unchanged and jump to instruction P2.
*/
case OP_RowSetRead: {       /* jump, in1, out3 */
  i64 val;
................................................................................
    /* A value was pulled from the index */
    sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64(&aMem[pOp->p3], val);
  }
  goto check_for_interrupt;
}

/* Opcode: RowSetTest P1 P2 P3 P4
** Synopsis: if r[P3] in rowset(P1) goto P2
**
** Register P3 is assumed to hold a 64-bit integer value. If register P1
** contains a RowSet object and that RowSet object contains
** the value held in P3, jump to register P2. Otherwise, insert the
** integer in P3 into the RowSet and continue on to the
** next opcode.
**
................................................................................
  break;
}

#endif /* #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY
/* Opcode: FkCounter P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis: fkctr[P1]+=P2
**
** Increment a "constraint counter" by P2 (P2 may be negative or positive).
** If P1 is non-zero, the database constraint counter is incremented 
** (deferred foreign key constraints). Otherwise, if P1 is zero, the 
** statement counter is incremented (immediate foreign key constraints).
*/
case OP_FkCounter: {
................................................................................
  }else{
    p->nFkConstraint += pOp->p2;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: FkIfZero P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis: if fkctr[P1]==0 goto P2
**
** This opcode tests if a foreign key constraint-counter is currently zero.
** If so, jump to instruction P2. Otherwise, fall through to the next 
** instruction.
**
** If P1 is non-zero, then the jump is taken if the database constraint-counter
** is zero (the one that counts deferred constraint violations). If P1 is
................................................................................
  }
  break;
}
#endif /* #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINCREMENT
/* Opcode: MemMax P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis: r[P1]=max(r[P1],r[P2])
**
** P1 is a register in the root frame of this VM (the root frame is
** different from the current frame if this instruction is being executed
** within a sub-program). Set the value of register P1 to the maximum of 
** its current value and the value in register P2.
**
** This instruction throws an error if the memory cell is not initially
................................................................................
    pIn1->u.i = pIn2->u.i;
  }
  break;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINCREMENT */

/* Opcode: IfPos P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis: if r[P1]>0 goto P2
**
** If the value of register P1 is 1 or greater, jump to P2.
**
** It is illegal to use this instruction on a register that does
** not contain an integer.  An assertion fault will result if you try.
*/
case OP_IfPos: {        /* jump, in1 */
................................................................................
  if( pIn1->u.i>0 ){
     pc = pOp->p2 - 1;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: IfNeg P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis: if r[P1]<0 goto P2
**
** If the value of register P1 is less than zero, jump to P2. 
**
** It is illegal to use this instruction on a register that does
** not contain an integer.  An assertion fault will result if you try.
*/
case OP_IfNeg: {        /* jump, in1 */
................................................................................
  if( pIn1->u.i<0 ){
     pc = pOp->p2 - 1;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: IfZero P1 P2 P3 * *
** Synopsis: r[P1]+=P3, if r[P1]==0 goto P2
**
** The register P1 must contain an integer.  Add literal P3 to the
** value in register P1.  If the result is exactly 0, jump to P2. 
**
** It is illegal to use this instruction on a register that does
** not contain an integer.  An assertion fault will result if you try.
*/
................................................................................
  if( pIn1->u.i==0 ){
     pc = pOp->p2 - 1;
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: AggStep * P2 P3 P4 P5
** Synopsis: accum=r[P3] step(r[P2]..) N=P5
**
** Execute the step function for an aggregate.  The
** function has P5 arguments.   P4 is a pointer to the FuncDef
** structure that specifies the function.  Use register
** P3 as the accumulator.
**
** The P5 arguments are taken from register P2 and its
................................................................................

  sqlite3VdbeMemRelease(&ctx.s);

  break;
}

/* Opcode: AggFinal P1 P2 * P4 *
** Synopsis: accum=r[P1] N=P2
**
** Execute the finalizer function for an aggregate.  P1 is
** the memory location that is the accumulator for the aggregate.
**
** P2 is the number of arguments that the step function takes and
** P4 is a pointer to the FuncDef for this function.  The P2
** argument is not used by this opcode.  It is only there to disambiguate
................................................................................
    p->expired = 1;
  }
  break;
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
/* Opcode: TableLock P1 P2 P3 P4 *
** Synopsis: iDb=P1 root=P2 write=P3
**
** Obtain a lock on a particular table. This instruction is only used when
** the shared-cache feature is enabled. 
**
** P1 is the index of the database in sqlite3.aDb[] of the database
** on which the lock is acquired.  A readlock is obtained if P3==0 or
** a write lock if P3==1.
................................................................................
  }
  break;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
/* Opcode: VFilter P1 P2 P3 P4 *
** Synopsis: iPlan=r[P3] zPlan='P4'
**
** P1 is a cursor opened using VOpen.  P2 is an address to jump to if
** the filtered result set is empty.
**
** P4 is either NULL or a string that was generated by the xBestIndex
** method of the module.  The interpretation of the P4 string is left
** to the module implementation.
................................................................................

  break;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
/* Opcode: VColumn P1 P2 P3 * *
** Synopsis: r[P3]=vcolumn(P2)
**
** Store the value of the P2-th column of
** the row of the virtual-table that the 
** P1 cursor is pointing to into register P3.
*/
case OP_VColumn: {
  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;
................................................................................
  }
  break;
}
#endif

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
/* Opcode: VUpdate P1 P2 P3 P4 *
** Synopsis: data=r[P3] N=P2
**
** P4 is a pointer to a virtual table object, an sqlite3_vtab structure.
** This opcode invokes the corresponding xUpdate method. P2 values
** are contiguous memory cells starting at P3 to pass to the xUpdate 
** invocation. The value in register (P3+P2-1) corresponds to the 
** p2th element of the argv array passed to xUpdate.
**

  assert( (addr>=0 && addr<p->nOp) || p->db->mallocFailed );
  if( p->db->mallocFailed ){
    return (VdbeOp*)&dummy;
  }else{
    return &p->aOp[addr];
  }
}























































#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN) || !defined(NDEBUG) \
     || defined(VDBE_PROFILE) || defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
/*
** Compute a string that describes the P4 parameter for an opcode.
** Use zTemp for any required temporary buffer space.
*/
................................................................................
#if defined(VDBE_PROFILE) || defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
/*
** Print a single opcode.  This routine is used for debugging only.
*/
void sqlite3VdbePrintOp(FILE *pOut, int pc, Op *pOp){
  char *zP4;
  char zPtr[50];

  static const char *zFormat1 = "%4d %-13s %4d %4d %4d %-4s %.2X %s\n";
  if( pOut==0 ) pOut = stdout;
  zP4 = displayP4(pOp, zPtr, sizeof(zPtr));
  fprintf(pOut, zFormat1, pc, 
      sqlite3OpcodeName(pOp->opcode), pOp->p1, pOp->p2, pOp->p3, zP4, pOp->p5,
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
      pOp->zComment ? pOp->zComment : ""

#else
      ""

#endif



  );
  fflush(pOut);
}
#endif

/*
** Release an array of N Mem elements
................................................................................
    p->rc = SQLITE_OK;
    rc = SQLITE_DONE;
  }else if( db->u1.isInterrupted ){
    p->rc = SQLITE_INTERRUPT;
    rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
    sqlite3SetString(&p->zErrMsg, db, "%s", sqlite3ErrStr(p->rc));
  }else{
    char *z;
    Op *pOp;
    if( i<p->nOp ){
      /* The output line number is small enough that we are still in the
      ** main program. */
      pOp = &p->aOp[i];
    }else{
      /* We are currently listing subprograms.  Figure out which one and
................................................................................
    if( p->explain==1 ){
      pMem->flags = MEM_Int;
      pMem->type = SQLITE_INTEGER;
      pMem->u.i = i;                                /* Program counter */
      pMem++;
  
      pMem->flags = MEM_Static|MEM_Str|MEM_Term;
      pMem->z = (char*)sqlite3OpcodeName(pOp->opcode);  /* Opcode */
      assert( pMem->z!=0 );
      pMem->n = sqlite3Strlen30(pMem->z);
      pMem->type = SQLITE_TEXT;
      pMem->enc = SQLITE_UTF8;
      pMem++;

      /* When an OP_Program opcode is encounter (the only opcode that has
................................................................................
    pMem++;

    if( sqlite3VdbeMemGrow(pMem, 32, 0) ){            /* P4 */
      assert( p->db->mallocFailed );
      return SQLITE_ERROR;
    }
    pMem->flags = MEM_Dyn|MEM_Str|MEM_Term;
    z = displayP4(pOp, pMem->z, 32);
    if( z!=pMem->z ){
      sqlite3VdbeMemSetStr(pMem, z, -1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0);
    }else{
      assert( pMem->z!=0 );
      pMem->n = sqlite3Strlen30(pMem->z);
      pMem->enc = SQLITE_UTF8;
    }
    pMem->type = SQLITE_TEXT;
    pMem++;
................................................................................
      pMem->n = 2;
      sqlite3_snprintf(3, pMem->z, "%.2x", pOp->p5);   /* P5 */
      pMem->type = SQLITE_TEXT;
      pMem->enc = SQLITE_UTF8;
      pMem++;
  
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
      if( pOp->zComment ){



        pMem->flags = MEM_Str|MEM_Term;
        pMem->z = pOp->zComment;
        pMem->n = sqlite3Strlen30(pMem->z);
        pMem->enc = SQLITE_UTF8;

        pMem->type = SQLITE_TEXT;

      }else
#endif
      {
        pMem->flags = MEM_Null;                       /* Comment */
        pMem->type = SQLITE_NULL;
      }

    }

    p->nResColumn = 8 - 4*(p->explain-1);
    p->pResultSet = &p->aMem[1];
    p->rc = SQLITE_OK;
    rc = SQLITE_ROW;
  }

  assert( (addr>=0 && addr<p->nOp) || p->db->mallocFailed );
  if( p->db->mallocFailed ){
    return (VdbeOp*)&dummy;
  }else{
    return &p->aOp[addr];
  }
}

#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
/*
** Compute a string for the "comment" field of a VDBE opcode listing
*/
static int displayComment(Op *pOp, const char *zP4, char *zTemp, int nTemp){
  const char *zOpName;
  const char *zSynopsis;
  int nOpName;
  int ii, jj;
  zOpName = sqlite3OpcodeName(pOp->opcode);
  nOpName = sqlite3Strlen30(zOpName);
  if( zOpName[nOpName+1] ){
    int seenCom = 0;
    zSynopsis = zOpName += nOpName + 1;
    for(ii=jj=0; jj<nTemp-1 && zSynopsis[ii]; ii++){
      if( zSynopsis[ii]=='P' ){
        int v;
        const char *zShow = 0;
        ii++;
        switch( zSynopsis[ii] ){
          case '1': v = pOp->p1;  break;
          case '2': v = pOp->p2;  break;
          case '3': v = pOp->p3;  break;
          case '5': v = pOp->p5;  break;
          case '4': zShow = zP4;  break;
          case 'X': zShow = pOp->zComment; seenCom = 1; break;
        }
        if( zShow ){
          sqlite3_snprintf(nTemp-jj, zTemp+jj, "%s", zShow);
        }else{
          sqlite3_snprintf(nTemp-jj, zTemp+jj, "%d", v);
        }
        jj += sqlite3Strlen30(zTemp+jj);
      }else{
        zTemp[jj++] = zSynopsis[ii];
      }
    }
    if( !seenCom && jj<nTemp-5 && pOp->zComment ){
      sqlite3_snprintf(nTemp-jj, zTemp+jj, "; %s", pOp->zComment);
      jj += sqlite3Strlen30(zTemp+jj);
    }
    if( jj<nTemp ) zTemp[jj] = 0;
  }else if( pOp->zComment ){
    sqlite3_snprintf(nTemp, zTemp, "%s", pOp->zComment);
    jj = sqlite3Strlen30(zTemp);
  }else{
    zTemp[0] = 0;
    jj = 0;
  }
  return jj;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_DEBUG */


#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN) || !defined(NDEBUG) \
     || defined(VDBE_PROFILE) || defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
/*
** Compute a string that describes the P4 parameter for an opcode.
** Use zTemp for any required temporary buffer space.
*/
................................................................................
#if defined(VDBE_PROFILE) || defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
/*
** Print a single opcode.  This routine is used for debugging only.
*/
void sqlite3VdbePrintOp(FILE *pOut, int pc, Op *pOp){
  char *zP4;
  char zPtr[50];
  char zCom[100];
  static const char *zFormat1 = "%4d %-13s %4d %4d %4d %-4s %.2X %s\n";
  if( pOut==0 ) pOut = stdout;
  zP4 = displayP4(pOp, zPtr, sizeof(zPtr));


#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG

  displayComment(pOp, zP4, zCom, sizeof(zCom));
#else

  zCom[0] = 0
#endif
  fprintf(pOut, zFormat1, pc, 
      sqlite3OpcodeName(pOp->opcode), pOp->p1, pOp->p2, pOp->p3, zP4, pOp->p5,
      zCom
  );
  fflush(pOut);
}
#endif

/*
** Release an array of N Mem elements
................................................................................
    p->rc = SQLITE_OK;
    rc = SQLITE_DONE;
  }else if( db->u1.isInterrupted ){
    p->rc = SQLITE_INTERRUPT;
    rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
    sqlite3SetString(&p->zErrMsg, db, "%s", sqlite3ErrStr(p->rc));
  }else{
    char *zP4;
    Op *pOp;
    if( i<p->nOp ){
      /* The output line number is small enough that we are still in the
      ** main program. */
      pOp = &p->aOp[i];
    }else{
      /* We are currently listing subprograms.  Figure out which one and
................................................................................
    if( p->explain==1 ){
      pMem->flags = MEM_Int;
      pMem->type = SQLITE_INTEGER;
      pMem->u.i = i;                                /* Program counter */
      pMem++;
  
      pMem->flags = MEM_Static|MEM_Str|MEM_Term;
      pMem->z = (char*)sqlite3OpcodeName(pOp->opcode); /* Opcode */
      assert( pMem->z!=0 );
      pMem->n = sqlite3Strlen30(pMem->z);
      pMem->type = SQLITE_TEXT;
      pMem->enc = SQLITE_UTF8;
      pMem++;

      /* When an OP_Program opcode is encounter (the only opcode that has
................................................................................
    pMem++;

    if( sqlite3VdbeMemGrow(pMem, 32, 0) ){            /* P4 */
      assert( p->db->mallocFailed );
      return SQLITE_ERROR;
    }
    pMem->flags = MEM_Dyn|MEM_Str|MEM_Term;
    zP4 = displayP4(pOp, pMem->z, 32);
    if( zP4!=pMem->z ){
      sqlite3VdbeMemSetStr(pMem, zP4, -1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0);
    }else{
      assert( pMem->z!=0 );
      pMem->n = sqlite3Strlen30(pMem->z);
      pMem->enc = SQLITE_UTF8;
    }
    pMem->type = SQLITE_TEXT;
    pMem++;
................................................................................
      pMem->n = 2;
      sqlite3_snprintf(3, pMem->z, "%.2x", pOp->p5);   /* P5 */
      pMem->type = SQLITE_TEXT;
      pMem->enc = SQLITE_UTF8;
      pMem++;
  
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
      if( sqlite3VdbeMemGrow(pMem, 500, 0) ){
        assert( p->db->mallocFailed );
        return SQLITE_ERROR;
      }
      pMem->flags = MEM_Dyn|MEM_Str|MEM_Term;



      pMem->n = displayComment(pOp, zP4, pMem->z, 500);
      pMem->type = SQLITE_TEXT;
      pMem->enc = SQLITE_UTF8;
#else


      pMem->flags = MEM_Null;                       /* Comment */
      pMem->type = SQLITE_NULL;

#endif
    }

    p->nResColumn = 8 - 4*(p->explain-1);
    p->pResultSet = &p->aMem[1];
    p->rc = SQLITE_OK;
    rc = SQLITE_ROW;
  }