}
    rc = multiSelect(pParse, p, pDest);
    explainSetInteger(pParse->iSelectId, iRestoreSelectId);
    return rc;
  }
#endif

  /* If possible, rewrite the query to use GROUP BY instead of DISTINCT.
  ** GROUP BY might use an index, DISTINCT never does.
  */
#if 0
  assert( p->pGroupBy==0 || (p->selFlags & SF_Aggregate)!=0 );
  if( (p->selFlags & (SF_Distinct|SF_Aggregate))==SF_Distinct ){
    p->pGroupBy = sqlite3ExprListDup(db, p->pEList, 0);
    pGroupBy = p->pGroupBy;
    p->selFlags &= ~SF_Distinct;
  }
#endif

  /* If there is both a GROUP BY and an ORDER BY clause and they are
  ** identical, then disable the ORDER BY clause since the GROUP BY
  ** will cause elements to come out in the correct order.  This is
  ** an optimization - the correct answer should result regardless.
  ** Use the SQLITE_GroupByOrder flag with SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZER
  ** to disable this optimization for testing purposes.
  */
  if( sqlite3ExprListCompare(p->pGroupBy, pOrderBy)==0
         && (db->flags & SQLITE_GroupByOrder)==0 ){
    pOrderBy = 0;
  }

























  /* If there is an ORDER BY clause, then this sorting
  ** index might end up being unused if the data can be 
  ** extracted in pre-sorted order.  If that is the case, then the
  ** OP_OpenEphemeral instruction will be changed to an OP_Noop once
  ** we figure out that the sorting index is not needed.  The addrSortIndex
  ** variable is used to facilitate that change.
................................................................................
    */
    if( addrSortIndex>=0 && pOrderBy==0 ){
      sqlite3VdbeChangeToNoop(v, addrSortIndex, 1);
      p->addrOpenEphm[2] = -1;
    }

    if( pWInfo->eDistinct ){




      assert( isDistinct );
      assert( pWInfo->eDistinct==WHERE_DISTINCT_ORDERED 
           || pWInfo->eDistinct==WHERE_DISTINCT_UNIQUE 
      );
      distinct = -1;
      if( pWInfo->eDistinct==WHERE_DISTINCT_ORDERED ){
        int iJump;
        int iExpr;
        int iFlag = ++pParse->nMem;
        int iBase = pParse->nMem+1;
        int iBase2 = iBase + pEList->nExpr;
        pParse->nMem += (pEList->nExpr*2);
        VdbeOp *pOp;

        /* Change the OP_OpenEphemeral coded earlier to an OP_Integer. The
        ** OP_Integer initializes the "first row" flag.  */
        pOp = sqlite3VdbeGetOp(v, addrDistinctIndex);
        pOp->opcode = OP_Integer;
        pOp->p1 = 1;
        pOp->p2 = iFlag;

        sqlite3ExprCodeExprList(pParse, pEList, iBase, 1);
        iJump = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v) + 1 + pEList->nExpr + 1 + 1;
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_If, iFlag, iJump-1);
................................................................................
          sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, SQLITE_NULLEQ);
        }
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, pWInfo->iContinue);

        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 0, iFlag);
        assert( sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)==iJump );
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Move, iBase, iBase2, pEList->nExpr);


      }
    }

    /* Use the standard inner loop. */
    selectInnerLoop(pParse, p, pEList, 0, 0, pOrderBy, distinct, pDest,
                    pWInfo->iContinue, pWInfo->iBreak);

    }
    rc = multiSelect(pParse, p, pDest);
    explainSetInteger(pParse->iSelectId, iRestoreSelectId);
    return rc;
  }
#endif













  /* If there is both a GROUP BY and an ORDER BY clause and they are
  ** identical, then disable the ORDER BY clause since the GROUP BY
  ** will cause elements to come out in the correct order.  This is
  ** an optimization - the correct answer should result regardless.
  ** Use the SQLITE_GroupByOrder flag with SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZER
  ** to disable this optimization for testing purposes.
  */
  if( sqlite3ExprListCompare(p->pGroupBy, pOrderBy)==0
         && (db->flags & SQLITE_GroupByOrder)==0 ){
    pOrderBy = 0;
  }

  /* If the query is DISTINCT with an ORDER BY but is not an aggregate, and 
  ** if the select-list is the same as the ORDER BY list, then this query
  ** can be rewritten as a GROUP BY. In other words, this:
  **
  **     SELECT DISTINCT xyz FROM ... ORDER BY xyz
  **
  ** is transformed to:
  **
  **     SELECT xyz FROM ... GROUP BY xyz
  **
  ** The second form is preferred as a single index (or temp-table) may be 
  ** used for both the ORDER BY and DISTINCT processing. As originally 
  ** written the query must use a temp-table for at least one of the ORDER 
  ** BY and DISTINCT, and an index or separate temp-table for the other.
  */
  if( (p->selFlags & (SF_Distinct|SF_Aggregate))==SF_Distinct 
   && sqlite3ExprListCompare(pOrderBy, p->pEList)==0
  ){
    p->selFlags &= ~SF_Distinct;
    p->pGroupBy = sqlite3ExprListDup(db, p->pEList, 0);
    pGroupBy = p->pGroupBy;
    pOrderBy = 0;
  }

  /* If there is an ORDER BY clause, then this sorting
  ** index might end up being unused if the data can be 
  ** extracted in pre-sorted order.  If that is the case, then the
  ** OP_OpenEphemeral instruction will be changed to an OP_Noop once
  ** we figure out that the sorting index is not needed.  The addrSortIndex
  ** variable is used to facilitate that change.
................................................................................
    */
    if( addrSortIndex>=0 && pOrderBy==0 ){
      sqlite3VdbeChangeToNoop(v, addrSortIndex, 1);
      p->addrOpenEphm[2] = -1;
    }

    if( pWInfo->eDistinct ){
      VdbeOp *pOp;                /* No longer required OpenEphemeral instr. */
     
      pOp = sqlite3VdbeGetOp(v, addrDistinctIndex);

      assert( isDistinct );
      assert( pWInfo->eDistinct==WHERE_DISTINCT_ORDERED 
           || pWInfo->eDistinct==WHERE_DISTINCT_UNIQUE 
      );
      distinct = -1;
      if( pWInfo->eDistinct==WHERE_DISTINCT_ORDERED ){
        int iJump;
        int iExpr;
        int iFlag = ++pParse->nMem;
        int iBase = pParse->nMem+1;
        int iBase2 = iBase + pEList->nExpr;
        pParse->nMem += (pEList->nExpr*2);


        /* Change the OP_OpenEphemeral coded earlier to an OP_Integer. The
        ** OP_Integer initializes the "first row" flag.  */

        pOp->opcode = OP_Integer;
        pOp->p1 = 1;
        pOp->p2 = iFlag;

        sqlite3ExprCodeExprList(pParse, pEList, iBase, 1);
        iJump = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v) + 1 + pEList->nExpr + 1 + 1;
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_If, iFlag, iJump-1);
................................................................................
          sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, SQLITE_NULLEQ);
        }
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, pWInfo->iContinue);

        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 0, iFlag);
        assert( sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)==iJump );
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Move, iBase, iBase2, pEList->nExpr);
      }else{
        pOp->opcode = OP_Noop;
      }
    }

    /* Use the standard inner loop. */
    selectInnerLoop(pParse, p, pEList, 0, 0, pOrderBy, distinct, pDest,
                    pWInfo->iContinue, pWInfo->iBreak);

  Parse *pParse,
  SrcList *pTabList,
  WhereClause *pWC,
  ExprList *pDistinct
){
  Table *pTab;
  Index *pIdx;
  int i;
  int iBase;

  /* If there is more than one table or sub-select in the FROM clause of
  ** this query, then it will not be possible to show that the DISTINCT 
  ** clause is redundant. */
  if( pTabList->nSrc!=1 ) return 0;
  iBase = pTabList->a[0].iCursor;
  pTab = pTabList->a[0].pTab;

  /* Check if all the expressions in the ExprList are of type TK_COLUMN and
  ** on the same table. If this is not the case, return early, since it will 
  ** not be possible to prove that the DISTINCT qualifier is redundant. 
  ** If any of the expressions is an IPK column, then return true.
  */
  for(i=0; i<pDistinct->nExpr; i++){
    Expr *p = pDistinct->a[i].pExpr;
    if( p->op!=TK_COLUMN || p->iTable!=iBase ) return 0;
    if( p->iColumn<0 ) return 1;
  }

  /* Loop through all indices on the table, checking each to see if it makes
  ** the DISTINCT qualifier redundant. It does so if:
  **
  **   1. The index is itself UNIQUE, and
  **
................................................................................
      int iCol = pIdx->aiColumn[i];
      const char *zColl = pIdx->azColl[i];

      if( 0==findTerm(pWC, iBase, iCol, ~(Bitmask)0, WO_EQ, pIdx) ){
        int j;
        for(j=0; j<pDistinct->nExpr; j++){
          Expr *p = pDistinct->a[j].pExpr;

          if( p->iColumn==iCol ){
            CollSeq *pColl = sqlite3ExprCollSeq(pParse, p);
            const char *zEColl = (pColl ? pColl : pParse->db->pDfltColl)->zName;
            if( 0==sqlite3StrICmp(zColl, zEColl) ) break;
          }
        }
        if( j==pDistinct->nExpr ) break;
      }
    }
    if( i==pIdx->nColumn ){
      /* This index implies that the DISTINCT qualifier is redundant. */

  Parse *pParse,
  SrcList *pTabList,
  WhereClause *pWC,
  ExprList *pDistinct
){
  Table *pTab;
  Index *pIdx;
  int i;                          
  int iBase;

  /* If there is more than one table or sub-select in the FROM clause of
  ** this query, then it will not be possible to show that the DISTINCT 
  ** clause is redundant. */
  if( pTabList->nSrc!=1 ) return 0;
  iBase = pTabList->a[0].iCursor;
  pTab = pTabList->a[0].pTab;




  /* If any of the expressions is an IPK column, then return true. */

  for(i=0; i<pDistinct->nExpr; i++){
    Expr *p = pDistinct->a[i].pExpr;
    assert( p->op!=TK_COLUMN || p->iTable==iBase );
    if( p->op==TK_COLUMN && p->iColumn<0 ) return 1;
  }

  /* Loop through all indices on the table, checking each to see if it makes
  ** the DISTINCT qualifier redundant. It does so if:
  **
  **   1. The index is itself UNIQUE, and
  **
................................................................................
      int iCol = pIdx->aiColumn[i];
      const char *zColl = pIdx->azColl[i];

      if( 0==findTerm(pWC, iBase, iCol, ~(Bitmask)0, WO_EQ, pIdx) ){
        int j;
        for(j=0; j<pDistinct->nExpr; j++){
          Expr *p = pDistinct->a[j].pExpr;
          assert( p->op!=TK_COLUMN || p->iTable==iBase );
          if( p->op==TK_COLUMN && p->iColumn==iCol ){
            CollSeq *pColl = sqlite3ExprCollSeq(pParse, p);

            if( pColl && 0==sqlite3StrICmp(zColl, pColl->zName) ) break;
          }
        }
        if( j==pDistinct->nExpr ) break;
      }
    }
    if( i==pIdx->nColumn ){
      /* This index implies that the DISTINCT qualifier is redundant. */

# 2011 July 1
#
# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
#
#    May you do good and not evil.
#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
#
#***********************************************************************
# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
# focus of this script is the DISTINCT modifier.
#

set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
source $testdir/tester.tcl

set testprefix distinct


proc is_distinct_noop {sql} {
  set sql1 $sql
  set sql2 [string map {DISTINCT ""} $sql]

  set program1 [list]
  set program2 [list]
  db eval "EXPLAIN $sql1" {
    if {$opcode != "Noop"} { lappend program1 $opcode }
  }
  db eval "EXPLAIN $sql2" {
    if {$opcode != "Noop"} { lappend program2 $opcode }
  }

  return [expr {$program1==$program2}]
}

proc do_distinct_noop_test {tn sql} {
  uplevel [list do_test $tn [list is_distinct_noop $sql] 1]
}
proc do_distinct_not_noop_test {tn sql} {
  uplevel [list do_test $tn [list is_distinct_noop $sql] 0]
}


#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The following tests - distinct-1.* - check that the planner correctly 
# detects cases where a UNIQUE index means that a DISTINCT clause is 
# redundant. Currently the planner only detects such cases when there
# is a single table in the FROM clause.
#
do_execsql_test 1.0 {
  CREATE TABLE t1(a, b, c, d);
  CREATE UNIQUE INDEX i1 ON t1(b, c);
  CREATE UNIQUE INDEX i2 ON t1(d COLLATE nocase);

  CREATE TABLE t2(x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y);

  CREATE TABLE t3(c1 PRIMARY KEY, c2);
  CREATE INDEX i3 ON t3(c2);
}
foreach {tn noop sql} {

  1   1   "SELECT DISTINCT b, c FROM t1"
  2   1   "SELECT DISTINCT c FROM t1 WHERE b = ?"
  3   1   "SELECT DISTINCT rowid FROM t1"
  4   1   "SELECT DISTINCT rowid, a FROM t1"
  5   1   "SELECT DISTINCT x FROM t2"
  6   1   "SELECT DISTINCT * FROM t2"
  7   1   "SELECT DISTINCT * FROM (SELECT * FROM t2)"

  8   1   "SELECT DISTINCT * FROM t1"

  8   0   "SELECT DISTINCT a, b FROM t1"

  9   0   "SELECT DISTINCT c FROM t1 WHERE b IN (1,2)"
  10  0   "SELECT DISTINCT c FROM t1"
  11  0   "SELECT DISTINCT b FROM t1"

  12  0   "SELECT DISTINCT a, d FROM t1"
  13  0   "SELECT DISTINCT a, b, c COLLATE nocase FROM t1"
  14  1   "SELECT DISTINCT a, d COLLATE nocase FROM t1"
  15  0   "SELECT DISTINCT a, d COLLATE binary FROM t1"
  16  1   "SELECT DISTINCT a, b, c COLLATE binary FROM t1"

  16  0   "SELECT DISTINCT t1.rowid FROM t1, t2"
  17  0   { /* Technically, it would be possible to detect that DISTINCT
            ** is a no-op in cases like the following. But SQLite does not
            ** do so. */
            SELECT DISTINCT t1.rowid FROM t1, t2 WHERE t1.rowid=t2.rowid }

  18  1   "SELECT DISTINCT c1, c2 FROM t3"
  19  1   "SELECT DISTINCT c1 FROM t3"
  20  1   "SELECT DISTINCT * FROM t3"
  21  0   "SELECT DISTINCT c2 FROM t3"

  22  0   "SELECT DISTINCT * FROM (SELECT 1, 2, 3 UNION SELECT 4, 5, 6)"
  23  1   "SELECT DISTINCT rowid FROM (SELECT 1, 2, 3 UNION SELECT 4, 5, 6)"

  24  0   "SELECT DISTINCT rowid/2 FROM t1"
  25  1   "SELECT DISTINCT rowid/2, rowid FROM t1"
  26  1   "SELECT DISTINCT rowid/2, b FROM t1 WHERE c = ?"
} {
  if {$noop} {
    do_distinct_noop_test 1.$tn $sql
  } else {
    do_distinct_not_noop_test 1.$tn $sql
  }
}






finish_test