pTab->nTabRef++;
  }
  if( sqlite3IndexedByLookup(pParse, pItem) ){
    pTab = 0;
  }
  return pTab;
}

/*
** Check to make sure the given table is writable.  If it is not
** writable, generate an error message and return 1.  If it is
** writable return 0;
*/
int sqlite3IsReadOnly(Parse *pParse, Table *pTab, int viewOk){
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
  /* A table is not writable under the following circumstances:

  **
  **   1) It is a virtual table and no implementation of the xUpdate method
  **      has been provided, or

  **   2) It is a system table (i.e. sqlite_master), this call is not
  **      part of a nested parse and writable_schema pragma has not 
  **      been specified.

  **   3) The table is a shadow table, the database connection is in
  **      defensive mode, and the current sqlite3_prepare()
  **      is for a top-level SQL statement.
  **
  ** In either case leave an error message in pParse and return non-zero.
  */


  if( ( IsVirtual(pTab) 
     && sqlite3GetVTable(db, pTab)->pMod->pModule->xUpdate==0 )



   || ( (pTab->tabFlags & TF_Readonly)!=0
     && sqlite3WritableSchema(db)==0
     && pParse->nested==0)

   || ( (pTab->tabFlags & TF_Shadow)!=0
     && (db->flags & SQLITE_Defensive)!=0
     && db->nVdbeExec==0
     && db->pVtabCtx==0)
  ){









    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "table %s may not be modified", pTab->zName);
    return 1;
  }

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
  if( !viewOk && pTab->pSelect ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,"cannot modify %s because it is a view",pTab->zName);
    return 1;
  }
#endif
  return 0;

    pTab->nTabRef++;
  }
  if( sqlite3IndexedByLookup(pParse, pItem) ){
    pTab = 0;
  }
  return pTab;
}

/* Return true if table pTab is read-only.



**



** A table is read-only if any of the following are true:
**
**   1) It is a virtual table and no implementation of the xUpdate method
**      has been provided
**
**   2) It is a system table (i.e. sqlite_master), this call is not
**      part of a nested parse and writable_schema pragma has not 
**      been specified
**
**   3) The table is a shadow table, the database connection is in
**      defensive mode, and the current sqlite3_prepare()
**      is for a top-level SQL statement.


*/
static int tabIsReadOnly(Parse *pParse, Table *pTab){
  sqlite3 *db;
  if( IsVirtual(pTab) ){
    return sqlite3GetVTable(pParse->db, pTab)->pMod->pModule->xUpdate==0;
  }
  if( (pTab->tabFlags & (TF_Readonly|TF_Shadow))==0 ) return 0;
  db = pParse->db;
  if( (pTab->tabFlags & TF_Readonly)!=0 ){
    return sqlite3WritableSchema(db)==0 && pParse->nested==0;

  }
  assert( pTab->tabFlags & TF_Shadow );
  return (db->flags & SQLITE_Defensive)!=0
           && db->nVdbeExec==0
           && db->pVtabCtx==0;

}

/*
** Check to make sure the given table is writable.  If it is not
** writable, generate an error message and return 1.  If it is
** writable return 0;
*/
int sqlite3IsReadOnly(Parse *pParse, Table *pTab, int viewOk){
  if( tabIsReadOnly(pParse, pTab) ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "table %s may not be modified", pTab->zName);
    return 1;
  }

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
  if( !viewOk && pTab->pSelect ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,"cannot modify %s because it is a view",pTab->zName);
    return 1;
  }
#endif
  return 0;