SQLite

/*
** 2004 April 6
**
** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
**
**    May you do good and not evil.
**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** $Id: btree.c,v 1.257 2005/05/01 22:52:42 drh Exp $
**
** This file implements a external (disk-based) database using BTrees.
** For a detailed discussion of BTrees, refer to
**
**     Donald E. Knuth, THE ART OF COMPUTER PROGRAMMING, Volume 3:
**     "Sorting And Searching", pages 473-480. Addison-Wesley
**     Publishing Company, Reading, Massachusetts.

*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"
#include "pager.h"
#include "btree.h"
#include "os.h"
#include <assert.h>







/* The following value is the maximum cell size assuming a maximum page
** size give above.
*/
#define MX_CELL_SIZE(pBt)  (pBt->pageSize-8)

/* The maximum number of cells on a single page of the database.  This
** assumes a minimum cell size of 3 bytes.  Such small cells will be

  u8 minEmbedFrac;      /* Minimum payload as % of total page size */
  u8 minLeafFrac;       /* Minimum leaf payload as % of total page size */
  u8 pageSizeFixed;     /* True if the page size can no longer be changed */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
  u8 autoVacuum;        /* True if database supports auto-vacuum */
#endif
  u16 pageSize;         /* Total number of bytes on a page */

  u16 usableSize;       /* Number of usable bytes on each page */
  int maxLocal;         /* Maximum local payload in non-LEAFDATA tables */
  int minLocal;         /* Minimum local payload in non-LEAFDATA tables */
  int maxLeaf;          /* Maximum local payload in a LEAFDATA table */
  int minLeaf;          /* Minimum local payload in a LEAFDATA table */
  BusyHandler *pBusyHandler;   /* Callback for when there is lock contention */
};

  int cellOffset;
  int nCell, cellLimit;
  u8 *used;

  used = sqliteMallocRaw( pPage->pBt->pageSize );
  if( used==0 ) return;
  usableSize = pPage->pBt->usableSize;
  assert( pPage->aData==&((unsigned char*)pPage)[-pPage->pBt->pageSize] );
  hdr = pPage->hdrOffset;
  assert( hdr==(pPage->pgno==1 ? 100 : 0) );
  assert( pPage->pgno==sqlite3pager_pagenumber(pPage->aData) );
  c = pPage->aData[hdr];
  if( pPage->isInit ){
    assert( pPage->leaf == ((c & PTF_LEAF)!=0) );
    assert( pPage->zeroData == ((c & PTF_ZERODATA)!=0) );

  int nFree;         /* Number of unused bytes on the page */
  int top;           /* First byte of the cell content area */

  pBt = pPage->pBt;
  assert( pBt!=0 );
  assert( pParent==0 || pParent->pBt==pBt );
  assert( pPage->pgno==sqlite3pager_pagenumber(pPage->aData) );
  assert( pPage->aData == &((unsigned char*)pPage)[-pBt->pageSize] );
  if( pPage->pParent!=pParent && (pPage->pParent!=0 || pPage->isInit) ){
    /* The parent page should never change unless the file is corrupt */
    return SQLITE_CORRUPT; /* bkpt-CORRUPT */
  }
  if( pPage->isInit ) return SQLITE_OK;
  if( pPage->pParent==0 && pParent!=0 ){
    pPage->pParent = pParent;

static void zeroPage(MemPage *pPage, int flags){
  unsigned char *data = pPage->aData;
  Btree *pBt = pPage->pBt;
  int hdr = pPage->hdrOffset;
  int first;

  assert( sqlite3pager_pagenumber(data)==pPage->pgno );
  assert( &data[pBt->pageSize] == (unsigned char*)pPage );
  assert( sqlite3pager_iswriteable(data) );
  memset(&data[hdr], 0, pBt->usableSize - hdr);
  data[hdr] = flags;
  first = hdr + 8 + 4*((flags&PTF_LEAF)==0);
  memset(&data[hdr+1], 0, 4);
  data[hdr+7] = 0;
  put2byte(&data[hdr+5], pBt->usableSize);

*/
static int getPage(Btree *pBt, Pgno pgno, MemPage **ppPage){
  int rc;
  unsigned char *aData;
  MemPage *pPage;
  rc = sqlite3pager_get(pBt->pPager, pgno, (void**)&aData);
  if( rc ) return rc;
  pPage = (MemPage*)&aData[pBt->pageSize];
  pPage->aData = aData;
  pPage->pBt = pBt;
  pPage->pgno = pgno;
  pPage->hdrOffset = pPage->pgno==1 ? 100 : 0;
  *ppPage = pPage;
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

** Release a MemPage.  This should be called once for each prior
** call to getPage.
*/
static void releasePage(MemPage *pPage){
  if( pPage ){
    assert( pPage->aData );
    assert( pPage->pBt );
    assert( &pPage->aData[pPage->pBt->pageSize]==(unsigned char*)pPage );
    sqlite3pager_unref(pPage->aData);
  }
}

/*
** This routine is called when the reference count for a page
** reaches zero.  We need to unref the pParent pointer when that
** happens.
*/
static void pageDestructor(void *pData, int pageSize){
  MemPage *pPage;
  assert( (pageSize & 7)==0 );
  pPage = (MemPage*)&((char*)pData)[pageSize];
  if( pPage->pParent ){
    MemPage *pParent = pPage->pParent;
    pPage->pParent = 0;
    releasePage(pParent);
  }
  pPage->isInit = 0;
}

/*
** During a rollback, when the pager reloads information into the cache
** so that the cache is restored to its original state at the start of
** the transaction, for each page restored this routine is called.
**
** This routine needs to reset the extra data section at the end of the
** page to agree with the restored data.
*/
static void pageReinit(void *pData, int pageSize){
  MemPage *pPage;
  assert( (pageSize & 7)==0 );
  pPage = (MemPage*)&((char*)pData)[pageSize];
  if( pPage->isInit ){
    pPage->isInit = 0;
    initPage(pPage, pPage->pParent);
  }
}

/*

  sqlite3pager_set_destructor(pBt->pPager, pageDestructor);
  sqlite3pager_set_reiniter(pBt->pPager, pageReinit);
  pBt->pCursor = 0;
  pBt->pPage1 = 0;
  pBt->readOnly = sqlite3pager_isreadonly(pBt->pPager);
  sqlite3pager_read_fileheader(pBt->pPager, sizeof(zDbHeader), zDbHeader);
  pBt->pageSize = get2byte(&zDbHeader[16]);
  if( pBt->pageSize<512 || pBt->pageSize>SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE
       || ((pBt->pageSize-1)&pBt->pageSize)!=0 ){
    pBt->pageSize = SQLITE_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE;
    pBt->maxEmbedFrac = 64;   /* 25% */
    pBt->minEmbedFrac = 32;   /* 12.5% */
    pBt->minLeafFrac = 32;    /* 12.5% */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
    /* If the magic name ":memory:" will create an in-memory database, then
    ** do not set the auto-vacuum flag, even if SQLITE_DEFAULT_AUTOVACUUM

    pBt->minLeafFrac = zDbHeader[23];
    pBt->pageSizeFixed = 1;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
    pBt->autoVacuum = (get4byte(&zDbHeader[36 + 4*4])?1:0);
#endif
  }
  pBt->usableSize = pBt->pageSize - nReserve;
  assert( (pBt->pageSize & 7)==0 );  /* 8-byte alignment of pageSize */
  sqlite3pager_set_pagesize(pBt->pPager, pBt->pageSize);
  *ppBtree = pBt;
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

/*
** Close an open database and invalidate all cursors.

    return SQLITE_READONLY;
  }
  if( nReserve<0 ){
    nReserve = pBt->pageSize - pBt->usableSize;
  }
  if( pageSize>=512 && pageSize<=SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE &&
        ((pageSize-1)&pageSize)==0 ){
    assert( (pageSize & 7)==0 );
    pBt->pageSize = pageSize;

    sqlite3pager_set_pagesize(pBt->pPager, pageSize);
  }
  pBt->usableSize = pBt->pageSize - nReserve;
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

/*

** SQLITE_OK is returned on success.  If the file is not a
** well-formed database file, then SQLITE_CORRUPT is returned.
** SQLITE_BUSY is returned if the database is locked.  SQLITE_NOMEM
** is returned if we run out of memory.  SQLITE_PROTOCOL is returned
** if there is a locking protocol violation.
*/
static int lockBtree(Btree *pBt){
  int rc, pageSize;
  MemPage *pPage1;
  if( pBt->pPage1 ) return SQLITE_OK;
  rc = getPage(pBt, 1, &pPage1);
  if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) return rc;
  

  /* Do some checking to help insure the file we opened really is
  ** a valid database file. 
  */
  rc = SQLITE_NOTADB;
  if( sqlite3pager_pagecount(pBt->pPager)>0 ){
    u8 *page1 = pPage1->aData;
    if( memcmp(page1, zMagicHeader, 16)!=0 ){
      goto page1_init_failed;
    }
    if( page1[18]>1 || page1[19]>1 ){
      goto page1_init_failed;
    }
    pageSize = get2byte(&page1[16]);
    if( ((pageSize-1)&pageSize)!=0 ){
      goto page1_init_failed;
    }
    assert( (pageSize & 7)==0 );
    pBt->pageSize = pageSize;
    pBt->usableSize = pageSize - page1[20];
    if( pBt->usableSize<500 ){
      goto page1_init_failed;
    }

    pBt->maxEmbedFrac = page1[21];
    pBt->minEmbedFrac = page1[22];
    pBt->minLeafFrac = page1[23];
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
    pBt->autoVacuum = (get4byte(&page1[36 + 4*4])?1:0);
#endif
  }

**
** If there is a transaction in progress, this routine is a no-op.
*/
static void unlockBtreeIfUnused(Btree *pBt){
  if( pBt->inTrans==TRANS_NONE && pBt->pCursor==0 && pBt->pPage1!=0 ){
    if( pBt->pPage1->aData==0 ){
      MemPage *pPage = pBt->pPage1;
      pPage->aData = &((char*)pPage)[-pBt->pageSize];
      pPage->pBt = pBt;
      pPage->pgno = 1;
    }
    releasePage(pBt->pPage1);
    pBt->pPage1 = 0;
    pBt->inStmt = 0;
  }

  MemPage *pThis;
  unsigned char *aData;

  if( pgno==0 ) return SQLITE_OK;
  assert( pBt->pPager!=0 );
  aData = sqlite3pager_lookup(pBt->pPager, pgno);
  if( aData ){
    pThis = (MemPage*)&aData[pBt->pageSize];
    assert( pThis->aData==aData );
    if( pThis->isInit ){
      if( pThis->pParent!=pNewParent ){
        if( pThis->pParent ) sqlite3pager_unref(pThis->pParent->aData);
        pThis->pParent = pNewParent;
        if( pNewParent ) sqlite3pager_ref(pNewParent->aData);
      }

  /*
  ** Allocate space for memory structures
  */
  apCell = sqliteMallocRaw( 
       nMaxCells*sizeof(u8*)                           /* apCell */
     + nMaxCells*sizeof(int)                           /* szCell */
     + sizeof(MemPage)*NB                              /* aCopy */
     + pBt->pageSize*(5+NB)                            /* aSpace */
     + (ISAUTOVACUUM ? nMaxCells : 0)     /* aFrom */
  );
  if( apCell==0 ){
    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
    goto balance_cleanup;
  }
  szCell = (int*)&apCell[nMaxCells];
  aCopy[0] = (u8*)&szCell[nMaxCells];
  for(i=1; i<NB; i++){
    aCopy[i] = &aCopy[i-1][pBt->pageSize+sizeof(MemPage)];
  }
  aSpace = &aCopy[NB-1][pBt->pageSize+sizeof(MemPage)];
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
  if( pBt->autoVacuum ){
    aFrom = &aSpace[5*pBt->pageSize];
  }
#endif
  
  /*
  ** Make copies of the content of pPage and its siblings into aOld[].
  ** The rest of this function will use data from the copies rather
  ** that the original pages since the original pages will be in the
  ** process of being overwritten.
  */
  for(i=0; i<nOld; i++){
    MemPage *p = apCopy[i] = (MemPage*)&aCopy[i][pBt->pageSize];
    assert( (((long long unsigned int)p) & 7)==0 );
    p->aData = &((u8*)p)[-pBt->pageSize];
    memcpy(p->aData, apOld[i]->aData, pBt->pageSize + sizeof(MemPage));
    /* The memcpy() above changes the value of p->aData so we have to
    ** set it again. */
    assert( (((long long unsigned int)p) & 7)==0 );
    p->aData = &((u8*)p)[-pBt->pageSize];
  }

  /*
  ** Load pointers to all cells on sibling pages and the divider cells
  ** into the local apCell[] array.  Make copies of the divider cells
  ** into space obtained form aSpace[] and remove the the divider Cells
  ** from pParent.

        dropCell(pParent, nxDiv, sz);
      }else{
        u8 *pTemp;
        assert( nCell<nMaxCells );
        szCell[nCell] = sz;
        pTemp = &aSpace[iSpace];
        iSpace += sz;
        assert( iSpace<=pBt->pageSize*5 );
        memcpy(pTemp, apDiv[i], sz);
        apCell[nCell] = pTemp+leafCorrection;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
        if( pBt->autoVacuum ){
          aFrom[nCell] = 0xFF;
        }
#endif

        */
        CellInfo info;
        j--;
        parseCellPtr(pNew, apCell[j], &info);
        pCell = &aSpace[iSpace];
        fillInCell(pParent, pCell, 0, info.nKey, 0, 0, &sz);
        iSpace += sz;
        assert( iSpace<=pBt->pageSize*5 );
        pTemp = 0;
      }else{
        pCell -= 4;
        pTemp = &aSpace[iSpace];
        iSpace += sz;
        assert( iSpace<=pBt->pageSize*5 );
      }
      rc = insertCell(pParent, nxDiv, pCell, sz, pTemp, 4);
      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto balance_cleanup;
      put4byte(findOverflowCell(pParent,nxDiv), pNew->pgno);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
      /* If this is an auto-vacuum database, and not a leaf-data tree,
      ** then update the pointer map with an entry for the overflow page