** one is defined. The xRename() callback will modify the names
  ** of any resources used by the v-table implementation (including other
  ** SQLite tables) that are identified by the name of the virtual table.
  */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
  if( pVTab ){
    int i = ++pParse->nMem;
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, i, 0, zName, 0);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_VRename, i, 0, 0,(const char*)pVTab, P4_VTAB);
    sqlite3MayAbort(pParse);
  }
#endif

  /* figure out how many UTF-8 characters are in zName */
  zTabName = pTab->zName;

  ** one is defined. The xRename() callback will modify the names
  ** of any resources used by the v-table implementation (including other
  ** SQLite tables) that are identified by the name of the virtual table.
  */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
  if( pVTab ){
    int i = ++pParse->nMem;
    sqlite3VdbeLoadString(v, i, zName);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_VRename, i, 0, 0,(const char*)pVTab, P4_VTAB);
    sqlite3MayAbort(pParse);
  }
#endif

  /* figure out how many UTF-8 characters are in zName */
  zTabName = pTab->zName;

  ** to use for scanning indexes (iIdxCur). No index cursor is opened at
  ** this time though.  */
  sqlite3TableLock(pParse, iDb, pTab->tnum, 0, pTab->zName);
  iTabCur = iTab++;
  iIdxCur = iTab++;
  pParse->nTab = MAX(pParse->nTab, iTab);
  sqlite3OpenTable(pParse, iTabCur, iDb, pTab, OP_OpenRead);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, regTabname, 0, pTab->zName, 0);

  for(pIdx=pTab->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext){
    int nCol;                     /* Number of columns in pIdx. "N" */
    int addrRewind;               /* Address of "OP_Rewind iIdxCur" */
    int addrNextRow;              /* Address of "next_row:" */
    const char *zIdxName;         /* Name of the index */
    int nColTest;                 /* Number of columns to test for changes */
................................................................................
    }else{
      nCol = pIdx->nColumn;
      zIdxName = pIdx->zName;
      nColTest = pIdx->uniqNotNull ? pIdx->nKeyCol-1 : nCol-1;
    }

    /* Populate the register containing the index name. */
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, regIdxname, 0, zIdxName, 0);
    VdbeComment((v, "Analysis for %s.%s", pTab->zName, zIdxName));

    /*
    ** Pseudo-code for loop that calls stat_push():
    **
    **   Rewind csr
    **   if eof(csr) goto end_of_scan;
................................................................................
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, iIdxCur, i, regTemp);
        aGotoChng[i] = 
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_Ne, regTemp, 0, regPrev+i, pColl, P4_COLLSEQ);
        sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, SQLITE_NULLEQ);
        VdbeCoverage(v);
      }
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, nColTest, regChng);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, endDistinctTest);
  
  
      /*
      **  chng_addr_0:
      **   regPrev(0) = idx(0)
      **  chng_addr_1:
      **   regPrev(1) = idx(1)

  ** to use for scanning indexes (iIdxCur). No index cursor is opened at
  ** this time though.  */
  sqlite3TableLock(pParse, iDb, pTab->tnum, 0, pTab->zName);
  iTabCur = iTab++;
  iIdxCur = iTab++;
  pParse->nTab = MAX(pParse->nTab, iTab);
  sqlite3OpenTable(pParse, iTabCur, iDb, pTab, OP_OpenRead);
  sqlite3VdbeLoadString(v, regTabname, pTab->zName);

  for(pIdx=pTab->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext){
    int nCol;                     /* Number of columns in pIdx. "N" */
    int addrRewind;               /* Address of "OP_Rewind iIdxCur" */
    int addrNextRow;              /* Address of "next_row:" */
    const char *zIdxName;         /* Name of the index */
    int nColTest;                 /* Number of columns to test for changes */
................................................................................
    }else{
      nCol = pIdx->nColumn;
      zIdxName = pIdx->zName;
      nColTest = pIdx->uniqNotNull ? pIdx->nKeyCol-1 : nCol-1;
    }

    /* Populate the register containing the index name. */
    sqlite3VdbeLoadString(v, regIdxname, zIdxName);
    VdbeComment((v, "Analysis for %s.%s", pTab->zName, zIdxName));

    /*
    ** Pseudo-code for loop that calls stat_push():
    **
    **   Rewind csr
    **   if eof(csr) goto end_of_scan;
................................................................................
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, iIdxCur, i, regTemp);
        aGotoChng[i] = 
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_Ne, regTemp, 0, regPrev+i, pColl, P4_COLLSEQ);
        sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, SQLITE_NULLEQ);
        VdbeCoverage(v);
      }
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, nColTest, regChng);
      sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, endDistinctTest);
  
  
      /*
      **  chng_addr_0:
      **   regPrev(0) = idx(0)
      **  chng_addr_1:
      **   regPrev(1) = idx(1)

*/
static void checkAppendMsg(
  IntegrityCk *pCheck,
  const char *zFormat,
  ...
){
  va_list ap;
  char zBuf[200];
  if( !pCheck->mxErr ) return;
  pCheck->mxErr--;
  pCheck->nErr++;
  va_start(ap, zFormat);
  if( pCheck->errMsg.nChar ){
    sqlite3StrAccumAppend(&pCheck->errMsg, "\n", 1);
  }
  if( pCheck->zPfx ){
    sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf), zBuf, pCheck->zPfx, pCheck->v1, pCheck->v2);
    sqlite3StrAccumAppendAll(&pCheck->errMsg, zBuf);
  }
  sqlite3VXPrintf(&pCheck->errMsg, 1, zFormat, ap);
  va_end(ap);
  if( pCheck->errMsg.accError==STRACCUM_NOMEM ){
    pCheck->mallocFailed = 1;
  }
}

*/
static void checkAppendMsg(
  IntegrityCk *pCheck,
  const char *zFormat,
  ...
){
  va_list ap;

  if( !pCheck->mxErr ) return;
  pCheck->mxErr--;
  pCheck->nErr++;
  va_start(ap, zFormat);
  if( pCheck->errMsg.nChar ){
    sqlite3StrAccumAppend(&pCheck->errMsg, "\n", 1);
  }
  if( pCheck->zPfx ){
    sqlite3XPrintf(&pCheck->errMsg, 0, pCheck->zPfx, pCheck->v1, pCheck->v2);

  }
  sqlite3VXPrintf(&pCheck->errMsg, 1, zFormat, ap);
  va_end(ap);
  if( pCheck->errMsg.accError==STRACCUM_NOMEM ){
    pCheck->mallocFailed = 1;
  }
}

        pParse->okConstFactor = 0;
        for(i=0; i<pEL->nExpr; i++){
          sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pEL->a[i].pExpr, pEL->a[i].u.iConstExprReg);
        }
      }

      /* Finally, jump back to the beginning of the executable code. */
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, 1);
    }
  }


  /* Get the VDBE program ready for execution
  */
  if( v && pParse->nErr==0 && !db->mallocFailed ){
................................................................................

  /* Convert the OP_CreateTable opcode that would normally create the
  ** root-page for the table into an OP_CreateIndex opcode.  The index
  ** created will become the PRIMARY KEY index.
  */
  if( pParse->addrCrTab ){
    assert( v );
    sqlite3VdbeGetOp(v, pParse->addrCrTab)->opcode = OP_CreateIndex;
  }

  /* Locate the PRIMARY KEY index.  Or, if this table was originally
  ** an INTEGER PRIMARY KEY table, create a new PRIMARY KEY index. 
  */
  if( pTab->iPKey>=0 ){
    ExprList *pList;
................................................................................

    /* Bypass the creation of the PRIMARY KEY btree and the sqlite_master
    ** table entry. This is only required if currently generating VDBE
    ** code for a CREATE TABLE (not when parsing one as part of reading
    ** a database schema).  */
    if( v ){
      assert( db->init.busy==0 );
      sqlite3VdbeGetOp(v, pPk->tnum)->opcode = OP_Goto;
    }

    /*
    ** Remove all redundant columns from the PRIMARY KEY.  For example, change
    ** "PRIMARY KEY(a,b,a,b,c,b,c,d)" into just "PRIMARY KEY(a,b,c,d)".  Later
    ** code assumes the PRIMARY KEY contains no repeated columns.
    */
................................................................................
      sqlite3DeleteTable(db, pSelTab);
      addrInsLoop = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Yield, dest.iSDParm);
      VdbeCoverage(v);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, dest.iSdst, dest.nSdst, regRec);
      sqlite3TableAffinity(v, p, 0);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_NewRowid, 1, regRowid);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Insert, 1, regRec, regRowid);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, addrInsLoop);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrInsLoop);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Close, 1);
    }

    /* Compute the complete text of the CREATE statement */
    if( pSelect ){
      zStmt = createTableStmt(db, p);
................................................................................
                    (char *)pKey, P4_KEYINFO);
  sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, OPFLAG_BULKCSR|((memRootPage>=0)?OPFLAG_P2ISREG:0));

  addr1 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_SorterSort, iSorter, 0); VdbeCoverage(v);
  assert( pKey!=0 || db->mallocFailed || pParse->nErr );
  if( IsUniqueIndex(pIndex) && pKey!=0 ){
    int j2 = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v) + 3;
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, j2);
    addr2 = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_SorterCompare, iSorter, j2, regRecord,
                         pIndex->nKeyCol); VdbeCoverage(v);
    sqlite3UniqueConstraint(pParse, OE_Abort, pIndex);
  }else{
    addr2 = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
  }

        pParse->okConstFactor = 0;
        for(i=0; i<pEL->nExpr; i++){
          sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pEL->a[i].pExpr, pEL->a[i].u.iConstExprReg);
        }
      }

      /* Finally, jump back to the beginning of the executable code. */
      sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, 1);
    }
  }


  /* Get the VDBE program ready for execution
  */
  if( v && pParse->nErr==0 && !db->mallocFailed ){
................................................................................

  /* Convert the OP_CreateTable opcode that would normally create the
  ** root-page for the table into an OP_CreateIndex opcode.  The index
  ** created will become the PRIMARY KEY index.
  */
  if( pParse->addrCrTab ){
    assert( v );
    sqlite3VdbeChangeOpcode(v, pParse->addrCrTab, OP_CreateIndex);
  }

  /* Locate the PRIMARY KEY index.  Or, if this table was originally
  ** an INTEGER PRIMARY KEY table, create a new PRIMARY KEY index. 
  */
  if( pTab->iPKey>=0 ){
    ExprList *pList;
................................................................................

    /* Bypass the creation of the PRIMARY KEY btree and the sqlite_master
    ** table entry. This is only required if currently generating VDBE
    ** code for a CREATE TABLE (not when parsing one as part of reading
    ** a database schema).  */
    if( v ){
      assert( db->init.busy==0 );
      sqlite3VdbeChangeOpcode(v, pPk->tnum, OP_Goto);
    }

    /*
    ** Remove all redundant columns from the PRIMARY KEY.  For example, change
    ** "PRIMARY KEY(a,b,a,b,c,b,c,d)" into just "PRIMARY KEY(a,b,c,d)".  Later
    ** code assumes the PRIMARY KEY contains no repeated columns.
    */
................................................................................
      sqlite3DeleteTable(db, pSelTab);
      addrInsLoop = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Yield, dest.iSDParm);
      VdbeCoverage(v);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, dest.iSdst, dest.nSdst, regRec);
      sqlite3TableAffinity(v, p, 0);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_NewRowid, 1, regRowid);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Insert, 1, regRec, regRowid);
      sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, addrInsLoop);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrInsLoop);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Close, 1);
    }

    /* Compute the complete text of the CREATE statement */
    if( pSelect ){
      zStmt = createTableStmt(db, p);
................................................................................
                    (char *)pKey, P4_KEYINFO);
  sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, OPFLAG_BULKCSR|((memRootPage>=0)?OPFLAG_P2ISREG:0));

  addr1 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_SorterSort, iSorter, 0); VdbeCoverage(v);
  assert( pKey!=0 || db->mallocFailed || pParse->nErr );
  if( IsUniqueIndex(pIndex) && pKey!=0 ){
    int j2 = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v) + 3;
    sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, j2);
    addr2 = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_SorterCompare, iSorter, j2, regRecord,
                         pIndex->nKeyCol); VdbeCoverage(v);
    sqlite3UniqueConstraint(pParse, OE_Abort, pIndex);
  }else{
    addr2 = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
  }

    }
  
    /* End of the WHERE loop */
    sqlite3WhereEnd(pWInfo);
    if( okOnePass ){
      /* Bypass the delete logic below if the WHERE loop found zero rows */
      addrBypass = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, addrBypass);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrDelete);
    }
  
    /* Unless this is a view, open cursors for the table we are 
    ** deleting from and all its indices. If this is a view, then the
    ** only effect this statement has is to fire the INSTEAD OF 
    ** triggers.
................................................................................
    /* End of the loop over all rowids/primary-keys. */
    if( okOnePass ){
      sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, addrBypass);
    }else if( pPk ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, iEphCur, addrLoop+1); VdbeCoverage(v);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrLoop);
    }else{
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, addrLoop);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrLoop);
    }     
  
    /* Close the cursors open on the table and its indexes. */
    if( !isView && !IsVirtual(pTab) ){
      if( !pPk ) sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Close, iDataCur);
      for(i=0, pIdx=pTab->pIndex; pIdx; i++, pIdx=pIdx->pNext){

    }
  
    /* End of the WHERE loop */
    sqlite3WhereEnd(pWInfo);
    if( okOnePass ){
      /* Bypass the delete logic below if the WHERE loop found zero rows */
      addrBypass = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
      sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, addrBypass);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrDelete);
    }
  
    /* Unless this is a view, open cursors for the table we are 
    ** deleting from and all its indices. If this is a view, then the
    ** only effect this statement has is to fire the INSTEAD OF 
    ** triggers.
................................................................................
    /* End of the loop over all rowids/primary-keys. */
    if( okOnePass ){
      sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, addrBypass);
    }else if( pPk ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, iEphCur, addrLoop+1); VdbeCoverage(v);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrLoop);
    }else{
      sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, addrLoop);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrLoop);
    }     
  
    /* Close the cursors open on the table and its indexes. */
    if( !isView && !IsVirtual(pTab) ){
      if( !pPk ) sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Close, iDataCur);
      for(i=0, pIdx=pTab->pIndex; pIdx; i++, pIdx=pIdx->pNext){

                          (void*)pColl, P4_COLLSEQ); VdbeCoverage(v);
        sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, affinity | SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL);
      }
      sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regToFree);
    }
    if( regCkNull ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IsNull, regCkNull, destIfNull); VdbeCoverage(v);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, destIfFalse);
    }
    sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, labelOk);
    sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regCkNull);
  }else{
  
    /* If the LHS is NULL, then the result is either false or NULL depending
    ** on whether the RHS is empty or not, respectively.
................................................................................
        /* Shortcut for the common case where the false and NULL outcomes are
        ** the same. */
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IsNull, r1, destIfNull); VdbeCoverage(v);
      }else{
        int addr1 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_NotNull, r1); VdbeCoverage(v);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rewind, pExpr->iTable, destIfFalse);
        VdbeCoverage(v);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, destIfNull);
        sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr1);
      }
    }
  
    if( eType==IN_INDEX_ROWID ){
      /* In this case, the RHS is the ROWID of table b-tree
      */
................................................................................
        ** answer is NULL if the RHS contains NULLs and the answer is
        ** FALSE if the RHS is NULL-free.
        */
        j1 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_Found, pExpr->iTable, 0, r1, 1);
        VdbeCoverage(v);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IsNull, rRhsHasNull, destIfNull);
        VdbeCoverage(v);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, destIfFalse);
        sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, j1);
      }
    }
  }
  sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, r1);
  sqlite3ExprCachePop(pParse);
  VdbeComment((v, "end IN expr"));
................................................................................
      assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_IntValue) );
      codeReal(v, pExpr->u.zToken, 0, target);
      break;
    }
#endif
    case TK_STRING: {
      assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_IntValue) );
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, target, 0, pExpr->u.zToken, 0);
      break;
    }
    case TK_NULL: {
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, target);
      break;
    }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_BLOB_LITERAL
................................................................................
          pTest = aListelem[i].pExpr;
        }
        nextCase = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
        testcase( pTest->op==TK_COLUMN );
        sqlite3ExprIfFalse(pParse, pTest, nextCase, SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL);
        testcase( aListelem[i+1].pExpr->op==TK_COLUMN );
        sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, aListelem[i+1].pExpr, target);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, endLabel);
        sqlite3ExprCachePop(pParse);
        sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, nextCase);
      }
      if( (nExpr&1)!=0 ){
        sqlite3ExprCachePush(pParse);
        sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pEList->a[nExpr-1].pExpr, target);
        sqlite3ExprCachePop(pParse);
................................................................................
      break;
    }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
    case TK_IN: {
      int destIfFalse = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
      int destIfNull = jumpIfNull ? dest : destIfFalse;
      sqlite3ExprCodeIN(pParse, pExpr, destIfFalse, destIfNull);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, dest);
      sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, destIfFalse);
      break;
    }
#endif
    default: {
      if( exprAlwaysTrue(pExpr) ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, dest);
      }else if( exprAlwaysFalse(pExpr) ){
        /* No-op */
      }else{
        r1 = sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(pParse, pExpr, &regFree1);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_If, r1, dest, jumpIfNull!=0);
        VdbeCoverage(v);
        testcase( regFree1==0 );
................................................................................
        sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, destIfNull);
      }
      break;
    }
#endif
    default: {
      if( exprAlwaysFalse(pExpr) ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, dest);
      }else if( exprAlwaysTrue(pExpr) ){
        /* no-op */
      }else{
        r1 = sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(pParse, pExpr, &regFree1);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_IfNot, r1, dest, jumpIfNull!=0);
        VdbeCoverage(v);
        testcase( regFree1==0 );

                          (void*)pColl, P4_COLLSEQ); VdbeCoverage(v);
        sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, affinity | SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL);
      }
      sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regToFree);
    }
    if( regCkNull ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IsNull, regCkNull, destIfNull); VdbeCoverage(v);
      sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, destIfFalse);
    }
    sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, labelOk);
    sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regCkNull);
  }else{
  
    /* If the LHS is NULL, then the result is either false or NULL depending
    ** on whether the RHS is empty or not, respectively.
................................................................................
        /* Shortcut for the common case where the false and NULL outcomes are
        ** the same. */
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IsNull, r1, destIfNull); VdbeCoverage(v);
      }else{
        int addr1 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_NotNull, r1); VdbeCoverage(v);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rewind, pExpr->iTable, destIfFalse);
        VdbeCoverage(v);
        sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, destIfNull);
        sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr1);
      }
    }
  
    if( eType==IN_INDEX_ROWID ){
      /* In this case, the RHS is the ROWID of table b-tree
      */
................................................................................
        ** answer is NULL if the RHS contains NULLs and the answer is
        ** FALSE if the RHS is NULL-free.
        */
        j1 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_Found, pExpr->iTable, 0, r1, 1);
        VdbeCoverage(v);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IsNull, rRhsHasNull, destIfNull);
        VdbeCoverage(v);
        sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, destIfFalse);
        sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, j1);
      }
    }
  }
  sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, r1);
  sqlite3ExprCachePop(pParse);
  VdbeComment((v, "end IN expr"));
................................................................................
      assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_IntValue) );
      codeReal(v, pExpr->u.zToken, 0, target);
      break;
    }
#endif
    case TK_STRING: {
      assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_IntValue) );
      sqlite3VdbeLoadString(v, target, pExpr->u.zToken);
      break;
    }
    case TK_NULL: {
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, target);
      break;
    }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_BLOB_LITERAL
................................................................................
          pTest = aListelem[i].pExpr;
        }
        nextCase = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
        testcase( pTest->op==TK_COLUMN );
        sqlite3ExprIfFalse(pParse, pTest, nextCase, SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL);
        testcase( aListelem[i+1].pExpr->op==TK_COLUMN );
        sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, aListelem[i+1].pExpr, target);
        sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, endLabel);
        sqlite3ExprCachePop(pParse);
        sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, nextCase);
      }
      if( (nExpr&1)!=0 ){
        sqlite3ExprCachePush(pParse);
        sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pEList->a[nExpr-1].pExpr, target);
        sqlite3ExprCachePop(pParse);
................................................................................
      break;
    }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
    case TK_IN: {
      int destIfFalse = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
      int destIfNull = jumpIfNull ? dest : destIfFalse;
      sqlite3ExprCodeIN(pParse, pExpr, destIfFalse, destIfNull);
      sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, dest);
      sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, destIfFalse);
      break;
    }
#endif
    default: {
      if( exprAlwaysTrue(pExpr) ){
        sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, dest);
      }else if( exprAlwaysFalse(pExpr) ){
        /* No-op */
      }else{
        r1 = sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(pParse, pExpr, &regFree1);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_If, r1, dest, jumpIfNull!=0);
        VdbeCoverage(v);
        testcase( regFree1==0 );
................................................................................
        sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, destIfNull);
      }
      break;
    }
#endif
    default: {
      if( exprAlwaysFalse(pExpr) ){
        sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, dest);
      }else if( exprAlwaysTrue(pExpr) ){
        /* no-op */
      }else{
        r1 = sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(pParse, pExpr, &regFree1);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_IfNot, r1, dest, jumpIfNull!=0);
        VdbeCoverage(v);
        testcase( regFree1==0 );

      if( pTab==pFKey->pFrom && nIncr==1 ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Eq, regData, iOk, regTemp); VdbeCoverage(v);
        sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, SQLITE_NOTNULL);
      }
  
      sqlite3OpenTable(pParse, iCur, iDb, pTab, OP_OpenRead);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_NotExists, iCur, 0, regTemp); VdbeCoverage(v);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, iOk);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)-2);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, iMustBeInt);
      sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regTemp);
    }else{
      int nCol = pFKey->nCol;
      int regTemp = sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, nCol);
      int regRec = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
................................................................................
          if( pIdx->aiColumn[i]==pTab->iPKey ){
            /* The parent key is a composite key that includes the IPK column */
            iParent = regData;
          }
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Ne, iChild, iJump, iParent); VdbeCoverage(v);
          sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL);
        }
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, iOk);
      }
  
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_MakeRecord, regTemp, nCol, regRec,
                        sqlite3IndexAffinityStr(pParse->db,pIdx), nCol);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_Found, iCur, iOk, regRec, 0); VdbeCoverage(v);
  
      sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regRec);

      if( pTab==pFKey->pFrom && nIncr==1 ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Eq, regData, iOk, regTemp); VdbeCoverage(v);
        sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, SQLITE_NOTNULL);
      }
  
      sqlite3OpenTable(pParse, iCur, iDb, pTab, OP_OpenRead);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_NotExists, iCur, 0, regTemp); VdbeCoverage(v);
      sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, iOk);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)-2);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, iMustBeInt);
      sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regTemp);
    }else{
      int nCol = pFKey->nCol;
      int regTemp = sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, nCol);
      int regRec = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
................................................................................
          if( pIdx->aiColumn[i]==pTab->iPKey ){
            /* The parent key is a composite key that includes the IPK column */
            iParent = regData;
          }
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Ne, iChild, iJump, iParent); VdbeCoverage(v);
          sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL);
        }
        sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, iOk);
      }
  
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_MakeRecord, regTemp, nCol, regRec,
                        sqlite3IndexAffinityStr(pParse->db,pIdx), nCol);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_Found, iCur, iOk, regRec, 0); VdbeCoverage(v);
  
      sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regRec);

  for(p = pParse->pAinc; p; p = p->pNext){
    pDb = &db->aDb[p->iDb];
    memId = p->regCtr;
    assert( sqlite3SchemaMutexHeld(db, 0, pDb->pSchema) );
    sqlite3OpenTable(pParse, 0, p->iDb, pDb->pSchema->pSeqTab, OP_OpenRead);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Null, 0, memId, memId+1);
    addr = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, memId-1, 0, p->pTab->zName, 0);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rewind, 0, addr+9); VdbeCoverage(v);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, 0, 0, memId);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Ne, memId-1, addr+7, memId); VdbeCoverage(v);
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rowid, 0, memId+1);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, 0, 1, memId);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, addr+9);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, 0, addr+2); VdbeCoverage(v);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 0, memId);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(v, OP_Close);
  }
}

/*
................................................................................
      regRec = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
      regTempRowid = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_OpenEphemeral, srcTab, nColumn);
      addrL = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Yield, dest.iSDParm); VdbeCoverage(v);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, regFromSelect, nColumn, regRec);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_NewRowid, srcTab, regTempRowid);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Insert, srcTab, regRec, regTempRowid);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, addrL);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrL);
      sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regRec);
      sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regTempRowid);
    }
  }else{
    /* This is the case if the data for the INSERT is coming from a 
    ** single-row VALUES clause
................................................................................
  */
  sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, endOfLoop);
  if( useTempTable ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, srcTab, addrCont); VdbeCoverage(v);
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrInsTop);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Close, srcTab);
  }else if( pSelect ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, addrCont);
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrInsTop);
  }

  if( !IsVirtual(pTab) && !isView ){
    /* Close all tables opened */
    if( iDataCur<iIdxCur ) sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Close, iDataCur);
    for(idx=0, pIdx=pTab->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext, idx++){
................................................................................
    ExprList *pCheck = pTab->pCheck;
    pParse->ckBase = regNewData+1;
    onError = overrideError!=OE_Default ? overrideError : OE_Abort;
    for(i=0; i<pCheck->nExpr; i++){
      int allOk = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
      sqlite3ExprIfTrue(pParse, pCheck->a[i].pExpr, allOk, SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL);
      if( onError==OE_Ignore ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, ignoreDest);
      }else{
        char *zName = pCheck->a[i].zName;
        if( zName==0 ) zName = pTab->zName;
        if( onError==OE_Replace ) onError = OE_Abort; /* IMP: R-15569-63625 */
        sqlite3HaltConstraint(pParse, SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK,
                              onError, zName, P4_TRANSIENT,
                              P5_ConstraintCheck);
................................................................................
          sqlite3GenerateRowIndexDelete(pParse, pTab, iDataCur, iIdxCur, 0);
        }
        seenReplace = 1;
        break;
      }
      case OE_Ignore: {
        /*assert( seenReplace==0 );*/
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, ignoreDest);
        break;
      }
    }
    sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, addrRowidOk);
    if( ipkTop ){
      ipkBottom = sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(v, OP_Goto);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, ipkTop);
................................................................................
      case OE_Rollback:
      case OE_Abort:
      case OE_Fail: {
        sqlite3UniqueConstraint(pParse, onError, pIdx);
        break;
      }
      case OE_Ignore: {
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, ignoreDest);
        break;
      }
      default: {
        Trigger *pTrigger = 0;
        assert( onError==OE_Replace );
        sqlite3MultiWrite(pParse);
        if( db->flags&SQLITE_RecTriggers ){
................................................................................
      }
    }
    sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, addrUniqueOk);
    sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(pParse, regIdx, pIdx->nColumn);
    if( regR!=regIdx ) sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(pParse, regR, nPkField);
  }
  if( ipkTop ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, ipkTop+1);
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, ipkBottom);
  }
  
  *pbMayReplace = seenReplace;
  VdbeModuleComment((v, "END: GenCnstCks(%d)", seenReplace));
}

................................................................................
    **
    ** (2) The destination has a unique index.  (The xfer optimization 
    **     is unable to test uniqueness.)
    **
    ** (3) onError is something other than OE_Abort and OE_Rollback.
    */
    addr1 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rewind, iDest, 0); VdbeCoverage(v);
    emptyDestTest = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, 0);
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr1);
  }
  if( HasRowid(pSrc) ){
    sqlite3OpenTable(pParse, iSrc, iDbSrc, pSrc, OP_OpenRead);
    emptySrcTest = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rewind, iSrc, 0); VdbeCoverage(v);
    if( pDest->iPKey>=0 ){
      addr1 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rowid, iSrc, regRowid);

  for(p = pParse->pAinc; p; p = p->pNext){
    pDb = &db->aDb[p->iDb];
    memId = p->regCtr;
    assert( sqlite3SchemaMutexHeld(db, 0, pDb->pSchema) );
    sqlite3OpenTable(pParse, 0, p->iDb, pDb->pSchema->pSeqTab, OP_OpenRead);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Null, 0, memId, memId+1);
    addr = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
    sqlite3VdbeLoadString(v, memId-1, p->pTab->zName);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rewind, 0, addr+9); VdbeCoverage(v);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, 0, 0, memId);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Ne, memId-1, addr+7, memId); VdbeCoverage(v);
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rowid, 0, memId+1);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, 0, 1, memId);
    sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, addr+9);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, 0, addr+2); VdbeCoverage(v);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 0, memId);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(v, OP_Close);
  }
}

/*
................................................................................
      regRec = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
      regTempRowid = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_OpenEphemeral, srcTab, nColumn);
      addrL = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Yield, dest.iSDParm); VdbeCoverage(v);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, regFromSelect, nColumn, regRec);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_NewRowid, srcTab, regTempRowid);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Insert, srcTab, regRec, regTempRowid);
      sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, addrL);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrL);
      sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regRec);
      sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regTempRowid);
    }
  }else{
    /* This is the case if the data for the INSERT is coming from a 
    ** single-row VALUES clause
................................................................................
  */
  sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, endOfLoop);
  if( useTempTable ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, srcTab, addrCont); VdbeCoverage(v);
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrInsTop);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Close, srcTab);
  }else if( pSelect ){
    sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, addrCont);
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrInsTop);
  }

  if( !IsVirtual(pTab) && !isView ){
    /* Close all tables opened */
    if( iDataCur<iIdxCur ) sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Close, iDataCur);
    for(idx=0, pIdx=pTab->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext, idx++){
................................................................................
    ExprList *pCheck = pTab->pCheck;
    pParse->ckBase = regNewData+1;
    onError = overrideError!=OE_Default ? overrideError : OE_Abort;
    for(i=0; i<pCheck->nExpr; i++){
      int allOk = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
      sqlite3ExprIfTrue(pParse, pCheck->a[i].pExpr, allOk, SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL);
      if( onError==OE_Ignore ){
        sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, ignoreDest);
      }else{
        char *zName = pCheck->a[i].zName;
        if( zName==0 ) zName = pTab->zName;
        if( onError==OE_Replace ) onError = OE_Abort; /* IMP: R-15569-63625 */
        sqlite3HaltConstraint(pParse, SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK,
                              onError, zName, P4_TRANSIENT,
                              P5_ConstraintCheck);
................................................................................
          sqlite3GenerateRowIndexDelete(pParse, pTab, iDataCur, iIdxCur, 0);
        }
        seenReplace = 1;
        break;
      }
      case OE_Ignore: {
        /*assert( seenReplace==0 );*/
        sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, ignoreDest);
        break;
      }
    }
    sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, addrRowidOk);
    if( ipkTop ){
      ipkBottom = sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(v, OP_Goto);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, ipkTop);
................................................................................
      case OE_Rollback:
      case OE_Abort:
      case OE_Fail: {
        sqlite3UniqueConstraint(pParse, onError, pIdx);
        break;
      }
      case OE_Ignore: {
        sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, ignoreDest);
        break;
      }
      default: {
        Trigger *pTrigger = 0;
        assert( onError==OE_Replace );
        sqlite3MultiWrite(pParse);
        if( db->flags&SQLITE_RecTriggers ){
................................................................................
      }
    }
    sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, addrUniqueOk);
    sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(pParse, regIdx, pIdx->nColumn);
    if( regR!=regIdx ) sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(pParse, regR, nPkField);
  }
  if( ipkTop ){
    sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, ipkTop+1);
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, ipkBottom);
  }
  
  *pbMayReplace = seenReplace;
  VdbeModuleComment((v, "END: GenCnstCks(%d)", seenReplace));
}

................................................................................
    **
    ** (2) The destination has a unique index.  (The xfer optimization 
    **     is unable to test uniqueness.)
    **
    ** (3) onError is something other than OE_Abort and OE_Rollback.
    */
    addr1 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rewind, iDest, 0); VdbeCoverage(v);
    emptyDestTest = sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(v, OP_Goto);
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr1);
  }
  if( HasRowid(pSrc) ){
    sqlite3OpenTable(pParse, iSrc, iDbSrc, pSrc, OP_OpenRead);
    emptySrcTest = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rewind, iSrc, 0); VdbeCoverage(v);
    if( pDest->iPKey>=0 ){
      addr1 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rowid, iSrc, regRowid);

} ScratchFreeslot;

/*
** State information local to the memory allocation subsystem.
*/
static SQLITE_WSD struct Mem0Global {
  sqlite3_mutex *mutex;         /* Mutex to serialize access */

  /*
  ** The alarm callback and its arguments.  The mem0.mutex lock will
  ** be held while the callback is running.  Recursive calls into
  ** the memory subsystem are allowed, but no new callbacks will be
  ** issued.
  */
  sqlite3_int64 alarmThreshold;
  void (*alarmCallback)(void*, sqlite3_int64,int);
  void *alarmArg;

  /*
  ** Pointers to the end of sqlite3GlobalConfig.pScratch memory
  ** (so that a range test can be used to determine if an allocation
  ** being freed came from pScratch) and a pointer to the list of
  ** unused scratch allocations.
  */
................................................................................
  u32 nScratchFree;

  /*
  ** True if heap is nearly "full" where "full" is defined by the
  ** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit() setting.
  */
  int nearlyFull;
} mem0 = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };

#define mem0 GLOBAL(struct Mem0Global, mem0)

/*
** Return the memory allocator mutex. sqlite3_status() needs it.
*/
sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3MallocMutex(void){
  return mem0.mutex;
}

/*
** This routine runs when the memory allocator sees that the
** total memory allocation is about to exceed the soft heap
** limit.
*/
static void softHeapLimitEnforcer(
  void *NotUsed, 
  sqlite3_int64 NotUsed2,
  int allocSize
){
  UNUSED_PARAMETER2(NotUsed, NotUsed2);
  sqlite3_release_memory(allocSize);


}

/*
** Change the alarm callback

*/
static int sqlite3MemoryAlarm(
  void(*xCallback)(void *pArg, sqlite3_int64 used,int N),
  void *pArg,
  sqlite3_int64 iThreshold
){
  sqlite3_int64 nUsed;
  sqlite3_mutex_enter(mem0.mutex);
  mem0.alarmCallback = xCallback;















  mem0.alarmArg = pArg;
  mem0.alarmThreshold = iThreshold;
  nUsed = sqlite3StatusValue(SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED);
  mem0.nearlyFull = (iThreshold>0 && iThreshold<=nUsed);
  sqlite3_mutex_leave(mem0.mutex);
  return SQLITE_OK;



}



#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
/*
** Deprecated external interface.  Internal/core SQLite code
** should call sqlite3MemoryAlarm.

*/
int sqlite3_memory_alarm(
  void(*xCallback)(void *pArg, sqlite3_int64 used,int N),
  void *pArg,
  sqlite3_int64 iThreshold
){
  return sqlite3MemoryAlarm(xCallback, pArg, iThreshold);
}
#endif

/*
** Set the soft heap-size limit for the library. Passing a zero or 
** negative value indicates no limit.
*/
sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 n){
  sqlite3_int64 priorLimit;
  sqlite3_int64 excess;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT
  int rc = sqlite3_initialize();
  if( rc ) return -1;
#endif
  sqlite3_mutex_enter(mem0.mutex);
  priorLimit = mem0.alarmThreshold;
  sqlite3_mutex_leave(mem0.mutex);
  if( n<0 ) return priorLimit;
  if( n>0 ){
    sqlite3MemoryAlarm(softHeapLimitEnforcer, 0, n);
  }else{
    sqlite3MemoryAlarm(0, 0, 0);
  }
  excess = sqlite3_memory_used() - n;
  if( excess>0 ) sqlite3_release_memory((int)(excess & 0x7fffffff));
  return priorLimit;
}
void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int n){
  if( n<0 ) n = 0;
  sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(n);
}

................................................................................
*/
sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag){
  sqlite3_int64 res, mx;
  sqlite3_status64(SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED, &res, &mx, resetFlag);
  return mx;
}

/*
** Trigger the alarm 
*/
static void sqlite3MallocAlarm(int nByte){
  void (*xCallback)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int);
  sqlite3_int64 nowUsed;
  void *pArg;
  if( mem0.alarmCallback==0 ) return;
  xCallback = mem0.alarmCallback;
  nowUsed = sqlite3StatusValue(SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED);
  pArg = mem0.alarmArg;
  mem0.alarmCallback = 0;
  sqlite3_mutex_leave(mem0.mutex);
  xCallback(pArg, nowUsed, nByte);
  sqlite3_mutex_enter(mem0.mutex);
  mem0.alarmCallback = xCallback;
  mem0.alarmArg = pArg;
}

/*
** Do a memory allocation with statistics and alarms.  Assume the
** lock is already held.
*/
static int mallocWithAlarm(int n, void **pp){
  int nFull;
  void *p;
  assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(mem0.mutex) );
  nFull = sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xRoundup(n);
  sqlite3StatusSet(SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE, n);
  if( mem0.alarmCallback!=0 ){
    sqlite3_int64 nUsed = sqlite3StatusValue(SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED);
    if( nUsed >= mem0.alarmThreshold - nFull ){
      mem0.nearlyFull = 1;
      sqlite3MallocAlarm(nFull);
    }else{
      mem0.nearlyFull = 0;
    }
  }
  p = sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xMalloc(nFull);
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT
  if( p==0 && mem0.alarmCallback ){
    sqlite3MallocAlarm(nFull);

    p = sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xMalloc(nFull);
  }
#endif
  if( p ){
    nFull = sqlite3MallocSize(p);
    sqlite3StatusUp(SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED, nFull);
    sqlite3StatusUp(SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT, 1);
................................................................................
** sqlite3Malloc() or sqlite3_malloc().
*/
int sqlite3MallocSize(void *p){
  assert( sqlite3MemdebugHasType(p, MEMTYPE_HEAP) );
  return sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xSize(p);
}
int sqlite3DbMallocSize(sqlite3 *db, void *p){


  if( db==0 ){
    assert( sqlite3MemdebugNoType(p, (u8)~MEMTYPE_HEAP) );
    assert( sqlite3MemdebugHasType(p, MEMTYPE_HEAP) );
    return sqlite3MallocSize(p);
  }else{
    assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(db->mutex) );
    if( isLookaside(db, p) ){
      return db->lookaside.sz;
    }else{
      assert( sqlite3MemdebugHasType(p, (MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE|MEMTYPE_HEAP)) );
      assert( sqlite3MemdebugNoType(p, (u8)~(MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE|MEMTYPE_HEAP)) );
      return sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xSize(p);
    }





  }
}
sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3_msize(void *p){
  assert( sqlite3MemdebugNoType(p, (u8)~MEMTYPE_HEAP) );
  assert( sqlite3MemdebugHasType(p, MEMTYPE_HEAP) );
  return (sqlite3_uint64)sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xSize(p);
}
................................................................................
  nNew = sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xRoundup((int)nBytes);
  if( nOld==nNew ){
    pNew = pOld;
  }else if( sqlite3GlobalConfig.bMemstat ){
    sqlite3_mutex_enter(mem0.mutex);
    sqlite3StatusSet(SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE, (int)nBytes);
    nDiff = nNew - nOld;
    if( sqlite3StatusValue(SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED) >= 
          mem0.alarmThreshold-nDiff ){
      sqlite3MallocAlarm(nDiff);
    }
    pNew = sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xRealloc(pOld, nNew);

    if( pNew==0 && mem0.alarmCallback ){
      sqlite3MallocAlarm((int)nBytes);
      pNew = sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xRealloc(pOld, nNew);
    }

    if( pNew ){
      nNew = sqlite3MallocSize(pNew);
      sqlite3StatusUp(SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED, nNew-nOld);
    }
    sqlite3_mutex_leave(mem0.mutex);
  }else{
    pNew = sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xRealloc(pOld, nNew);

} ScratchFreeslot;

/*
** State information local to the memory allocation subsystem.
*/
static SQLITE_WSD struct Mem0Global {
  sqlite3_mutex *mutex;         /* Mutex to serialize access */







  sqlite3_int64 alarmThreshold;  /* The soft heap limit */



  /*
  ** Pointers to the end of sqlite3GlobalConfig.pScratch memory
  ** (so that a range test can be used to determine if an allocation
  ** being freed came from pScratch) and a pointer to the list of
  ** unused scratch allocations.
  */
................................................................................
  u32 nScratchFree;

  /*
  ** True if heap is nearly "full" where "full" is defined by the
  ** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit() setting.
  */
  int nearlyFull;
} mem0 = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };

#define mem0 GLOBAL(struct Mem0Global, mem0)

/*
** Return the memory allocator mutex. sqlite3_status() needs it.
*/
sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3MallocMutex(void){
  return mem0.mutex;
}

/*
** Return the amount of memory currently in use.


*/


static sqlite3_int64 memInUse(void){




  assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(mem0.mutex) );
  return sqlite3StatusValue(SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED);
}

/*
** Called when the soft heap limit is exceeded for an allocation
** of nBytes.
*/

#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT
static void sqlite3HeapLimitExceeded(int nByte){
  sqlite3_int64 excess = memInUse() + nByte - mem0.alarmThreshold;
  sqlite3_mutex_leave(mem0.mutex);
  sqlite3_release_memory((int)(excess & 0x7fffffff));
  sqlite3_mutex_enter(mem0.mutex);

}
#else
# define sqlite3HeapLimitExceeded(X)  /* no-op */
#endif

/*
** Check to see if increasing the total memory usage by nNew bytes
** will exceed the soft heap limit.  
**
** If the soft heap limit is exceeded, set the mem0.nearlyFull flag
** and invoke sqlite3HeapLimitExceeded() to try to free up some
** memory.
*/
static void sqlite3CheckSoftHeapLimit(int nNew){
  assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(mem0.mutex) );
  if( mem0.alarmThreshold>0 ){
    if( mem0.alarmThreshold-nNew >= memInUse() ){

      mem0.nearlyFull = 1;


      sqlite3HeapLimitExceeded(nNew);
    }else{
      mem0.nearlyFull = 0;
    }
  }
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
/*
** Deprecated external interface.  First deprecated 2007-11-05.  Changed

** into a no-op on 2015-09-02.
*/
int sqlite3_memory_alarm(
  void(*xCallback)(void *pArg, sqlite3_int64 used,int N),
  void *pArg,
  sqlite3_int64 iThreshold
){
  return SQLITE_OK;
}
#endif

/*
** Set the soft heap-size limit for the library. Passing a zero or 
** negative value indicates no limit.
*/
sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 n){
  sqlite3_int64 priorLimit;

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT
  int rc = sqlite3_initialize();
  if( rc ) return -1;
#endif
  sqlite3_mutex_enter(mem0.mutex);
  priorLimit = mem0.alarmThreshold;
  if( n>0 ){
    mem0.alarmThreshold = n;
    sqlite3CheckSoftHeapLimit(0);
  }else if( n==0 ){
    mem0.alarmThreshold = 0;
    mem0.nearlyFull = 0;
  }
  sqlite3_mutex_leave(mem0.mutex);

  return priorLimit;
}
void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int n){
  if( n<0 ) n = 0;
  sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(n);
}

................................................................................
*/
sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag){
  sqlite3_int64 res, mx;
  sqlite3_status64(SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED, &res, &mx, resetFlag);
  return mx;
}




















/*
** Do a memory allocation with statistics and alarms.  Assume the
** lock is already held.
*/
static int mallocWithAlarm(int n, void **pp){
  int nFull;
  void *p;
  assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(mem0.mutex) );
  nFull = sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xRoundup(n);
  sqlite3StatusSet(SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE, n);
  sqlite3CheckSoftHeapLimit(nFull);








  p = sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xMalloc(nFull);
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT
  if( p==0 && mem0.alarmThreshold ){

    sqlite3HeapLimitExceeded(nFull);
    p = sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xMalloc(nFull);
  }
#endif
  if( p ){
    nFull = sqlite3MallocSize(p);
    sqlite3StatusUp(SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED, nFull);
    sqlite3StatusUp(SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT, 1);
................................................................................
** sqlite3Malloc() or sqlite3_malloc().
*/
int sqlite3MallocSize(void *p){
  assert( sqlite3MemdebugHasType(p, MEMTYPE_HEAP) );
  return sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xSize(p);
}
int sqlite3DbMallocSize(sqlite3 *db, void *p){
  if( db==0 || !isLookaside(db,p) ){
#if SQLITE_DEBUG
    if( db==0 ){
      assert( sqlite3MemdebugNoType(p, (u8)~MEMTYPE_HEAP) );
      assert( sqlite3MemdebugHasType(p, MEMTYPE_HEAP) );





    }else{
      assert( sqlite3MemdebugHasType(p, (MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE|MEMTYPE_HEAP)) );
      assert( sqlite3MemdebugNoType(p, (u8)~(MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE|MEMTYPE_HEAP)) );

    }
#endif
    return sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xSize(p);
  }else{
    assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(db->mutex) );
    return db->lookaside.sz;
  }
}
sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3_msize(void *p){
  assert( sqlite3MemdebugNoType(p, (u8)~MEMTYPE_HEAP) );
  assert( sqlite3MemdebugHasType(p, MEMTYPE_HEAP) );
  return (sqlite3_uint64)sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xSize(p);
}
................................................................................
  nNew = sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xRoundup((int)nBytes);
  if( nOld==nNew ){
    pNew = pOld;
  }else if( sqlite3GlobalConfig.bMemstat ){
    sqlite3_mutex_enter(mem0.mutex);
    sqlite3StatusSet(SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE, (int)nBytes);
    nDiff = nNew - nOld;
    sqlite3CheckSoftHeapLimit(nDiff);



    pNew = sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xRealloc(pOld, nNew);
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT
    if( pNew==0 && mem0.alarmThreshold ){
      sqlite3HeapLimitExceeded((int)nBytes);
      pNew = sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xRealloc(pOld, nNew);
    }
#endif
    if( pNew ){
      nNew = sqlite3MallocSize(pNew);
      sqlite3StatusUp(SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED, nNew-nOld);
    }
    sqlite3_mutex_leave(mem0.mutex);
  }else{
    pNew = sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xRealloc(pOld, nNew);

  int prior = 0;
#if (!defined(USE_PREAD) && !defined(USE_PREAD64))
  i64 newOffset;
#endif
  TIMER_START;
  assert( cnt==(cnt&0x1ffff) );
  assert( id->h>2 );
  cnt &= 0x1ffff;
  do{
#if defined(USE_PREAD)
    got = osPread(id->h, pBuf, cnt, offset);
    SimulateIOError( got = -1 );
#elif defined(USE_PREAD64)
    got = osPread64(id->h, pBuf, cnt, offset);
    SimulateIOError( got = -1 );
................................................................................
      memcpy(&((u8 *)(pFile->pMapRegion))[offset], pBuf, nCopy);
      pBuf = &((u8 *)pBuf)[nCopy];
      amt -= nCopy;
      offset += nCopy;
    }
  }
#endif

  while( amt>0 && (wrote = seekAndWrite(pFile, offset, pBuf, amt))>0 ){
    amt -= wrote;
    offset += wrote;
    pBuf = &((char*)pBuf)[wrote];
  }
  SimulateIOError(( wrote=(-1), amt=1 ));
  SimulateDiskfullError(( wrote=0, amt=1 ));

  if( amt>0 ){
    if( wrote<0 && pFile->lastErrno!=ENOSPC ){
      /* lastErrno set by seekAndWrite */
      return SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE;
    }else{
      storeLastErrno(pFile, 0); /* not a system error */
      return SQLITE_FULL;
    }

  int prior = 0;
#if (!defined(USE_PREAD) && !defined(USE_PREAD64))
  i64 newOffset;
#endif
  TIMER_START;
  assert( cnt==(cnt&0x1ffff) );
  assert( id->h>2 );

  do{
#if defined(USE_PREAD)
    got = osPread(id->h, pBuf, cnt, offset);
    SimulateIOError( got = -1 );
#elif defined(USE_PREAD64)
    got = osPread64(id->h, pBuf, cnt, offset);
    SimulateIOError( got = -1 );
................................................................................
      memcpy(&((u8 *)(pFile->pMapRegion))[offset], pBuf, nCopy);
      pBuf = &((u8 *)pBuf)[nCopy];
      amt -= nCopy;
      offset += nCopy;
    }
  }
#endif
 
  while( (wrote = seekAndWrite(pFile, offset, pBuf, amt))<amt && wrote>0 ){
    amt -= wrote;
    offset += wrote;
    pBuf = &((char*)pBuf)[wrote];
  }
  SimulateIOError(( wrote=(-1), amt=1 ));
  SimulateDiskfullError(( wrote=0, amt=1 ));

  if( amt>wrote ){
    if( wrote<0 && pFile->lastErrno!=ENOSPC ){
      /* lastErrno set by seekAndWrite */
      return SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE;
    }else{
      storeLastErrno(pFile, 0); /* not a system error */
      return SQLITE_FULL;
    }

  }
}
#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT */

/*
** Allocate a new page object initially associated with cache pCache.
*/
static PgHdr1 *pcache1AllocPage(PCache1 *pCache){
  PgHdr1 *p = 0;
  void *pPg;

  assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pCache->pGroup->mutex) );
  if( pCache->pFree || (pCache->nPage==0 && pcache1InitBulk(pCache)) ){
    p = pCache->pFree;
    pCache->pFree = p->pNext;
................................................................................
    /* The group mutex must be released before pcache1Alloc() is called. This
    ** is because it might call sqlite3_release_memory(), which assumes that 
    ** this mutex is not held. */
    assert( pcache1.separateCache==0 );
    assert( pCache->pGroup==&pcache1.grp );
    pcache1LeaveMutex(pCache->pGroup);
#endif

#ifdef SQLITE_PCACHE_SEPARATE_HEADER
    pPg = pcache1Alloc(pCache->szPage);
    p = sqlite3Malloc(sizeof(PgHdr1) + pCache->szExtra);
    if( !pPg || !p ){
      pcache1Free(pPg);
      sqlite3_free(p);
      pPg = 0;
    }
#else
    pPg = pcache1Alloc(pCache->szAlloc);
    p = (PgHdr1 *)&((u8 *)pPg)[pCache->szPage];
#endif

#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT
    pcache1EnterMutex(pCache->pGroup);
#endif
    if( pPg==0 ) return 0;
    p->page.pBuf = pPg;
    p->page.pExtra = &p[1];
    p->isBulkLocal = 0;
................................................................................
    }
  }

  /* Step 5. If a usable page buffer has still not been found, 
  ** attempt to allocate a new one. 
  */
  if( !pPage ){
    if( createFlag==1 ){ sqlite3BeginBenignMalloc(); }
    pPage = pcache1AllocPage(pCache);
    if( createFlag==1 ){ sqlite3EndBenignMalloc(); }
  }

  if( pPage ){
    unsigned int h = iKey % pCache->nHash;
    pCache->nPage++;
    pPage->iKey = iKey;
    pPage->pNext = pCache->apHash[h];

  }
}
#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT */

/*
** Allocate a new page object initially associated with cache pCache.
*/
static PgHdr1 *pcache1AllocPage(PCache1 *pCache, int benignMalloc){
  PgHdr1 *p = 0;
  void *pPg;

  assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pCache->pGroup->mutex) );
  if( pCache->pFree || (pCache->nPage==0 && pcache1InitBulk(pCache)) ){
    p = pCache->pFree;
    pCache->pFree = p->pNext;
................................................................................
    /* The group mutex must be released before pcache1Alloc() is called. This
    ** is because it might call sqlite3_release_memory(), which assumes that 
    ** this mutex is not held. */
    assert( pcache1.separateCache==0 );
    assert( pCache->pGroup==&pcache1.grp );
    pcache1LeaveMutex(pCache->pGroup);
#endif
    if( benignMalloc ) sqlite3BeginBenignMalloc();
#ifdef SQLITE_PCACHE_SEPARATE_HEADER
    pPg = pcache1Alloc(pCache->szPage);
    p = sqlite3Malloc(sizeof(PgHdr1) + pCache->szExtra);
    if( !pPg || !p ){
      pcache1Free(pPg);
      sqlite3_free(p);
      pPg = 0;
    }
#else
    pPg = pcache1Alloc(pCache->szAlloc);
    p = (PgHdr1 *)&((u8 *)pPg)[pCache->szPage];
#endif
    if( benignMalloc ) sqlite3EndBenignMalloc();
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT
    pcache1EnterMutex(pCache->pGroup);
#endif
    if( pPg==0 ) return 0;
    p->page.pBuf = pPg;
    p->page.pExtra = &p[1];
    p->isBulkLocal = 0;
................................................................................
    }
  }

  /* Step 5. If a usable page buffer has still not been found, 
  ** attempt to allocate a new one. 
  */
  if( !pPage ){

    pPage = pcache1AllocPage(pCache, createFlag==1);

  }

  if( pPage ){
    unsigned int h = iKey % pCache->nHash;
    pCache->nPage++;
    pPage->iKey = iKey;
    pPage->pNext = pCache->apHash[h];

  if( invalidateTempStorage( pParse ) != SQLITE_OK ){
    return SQLITE_ERROR;
  }
  db->temp_store = (u8)ts;
  return SQLITE_OK;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_PAGER_PRAGMAS */

/*


















** Generate code to return a single integer value.
*/
static void returnSingleInt(Parse *pParse, const char *zLabel, i64 value){
  Vdbe *v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
  int nMem = ++pParse->nMem;
  i64 *pI64 = sqlite3DbMallocRaw(pParse->db, sizeof(value));
  if( pI64 ){
    memcpy(pI64, &value, sizeof(value));



  }
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_Int64, 0, nMem, 0, (char*)pI64, P4_INT64);
  sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 1);
  sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, zLabel, SQLITE_STATIC);












  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, nMem, 1);

}


/*
** Set the safety_level and pager flags for pager iDb.  Or if iDb<0
** set these values for all pagers.
*/
................................................................................
  aFcntl[0] = 0;
  aFcntl[1] = zLeft;
  aFcntl[2] = zRight;
  aFcntl[3] = 0;
  db->busyHandler.nBusy = 0;
  rc = sqlite3_file_control(db, zDb, SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA, (void*)aFcntl);
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    if( aFcntl[0] ){
      int nMem = ++pParse->nMem;
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, nMem, 0, aFcntl[0], 0);
      sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 1);
      sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, "result", SQLITE_STATIC);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, nMem, 1);
      sqlite3_free(aFcntl[0]);
    }
    goto pragma_out;
  }
  if( rc!=SQLITE_NOTFOUND ){
    if( aFcntl[0] ){
      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "%s", aFcntl[0]);
      sqlite3_free(aFcntl[0]);
    }
................................................................................
      { OP_Integer,     0, 1,        0},                         /* 6 */
      { OP_Noop,        0, 0,        0},
      { OP_ResultRow,   1, 1,        0},
    };
    int addr;
    sqlite3VdbeUsesBtree(v, iDb);
    if( !zRight ){
      sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 1);
      sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, "cache_size", SQLITE_STATIC);
      pParse->nMem += 2;
      addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOpList(v, ArraySize(getCacheSize), getCacheSize,iLn);
      sqlite3VdbeChangeP1(v, addr, iDb);
      sqlite3VdbeChangeP1(v, addr+1, iDb);
      sqlite3VdbeChangeP1(v, addr+6, SQLITE_DEFAULT_CACHE_SIZE);
    }else{
      int size = sqlite3AbsInt32(sqlite3Atoi(zRight));
................................................................................
  ** the database has not yet been created.
  */
  case PragTyp_PAGE_SIZE: {
    Btree *pBt = pDb->pBt;
    assert( pBt!=0 );
    if( !zRight ){
      int size = ALWAYS(pBt) ? sqlite3BtreeGetPageSize(pBt) : 0;
      returnSingleInt(pParse, "page_size", size);
    }else{
      /* Malloc may fail when setting the page-size, as there is an internal
      ** buffer that the pager module resizes using sqlite3_realloc().
      */
      db->nextPagesize = sqlite3Atoi(zRight);
      if( SQLITE_NOMEM==sqlite3BtreeSetPageSize(pBt, db->nextPagesize,-1,0) ){
        db->mallocFailed = 1;
................................................................................
    if( pId2->n==0 && b>=0 ){
      int ii;
      for(ii=0; ii<db->nDb; ii++){
        sqlite3BtreeSecureDelete(db->aDb[ii].pBt, b);
      }
    }
    b = sqlite3BtreeSecureDelete(pBt, b);
    returnSingleInt(pParse, "secure_delete", b);
    break;
  }

  /*
  **  PRAGMA [database.]max_page_count
  **  PRAGMA [database.]max_page_count=N
  **
................................................................................
    }

    assert( eMode==PAGER_LOCKINGMODE_NORMAL
            || eMode==PAGER_LOCKINGMODE_EXCLUSIVE );
    if( eMode==PAGER_LOCKINGMODE_EXCLUSIVE ){
      zRet = "exclusive";
    }
    sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 1);
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, "locking_mode", SQLITE_STATIC);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 1, 0, zRet, 0);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 1);
    break;
  }

  /*
  **  PRAGMA [database.]journal_mode
  **  PRAGMA [database.]journal_mode =
  **                      (delete|persist|off|truncate|memory|wal|off)
  */
  case PragTyp_JOURNAL_MODE: {
    int eMode;        /* One of the PAGER_JOURNALMODE_XXX symbols */
    int ii;           /* Loop counter */

    sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 1);
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, "journal_mode", SQLITE_STATIC);

    if( zRight==0 ){
      /* If there is no "=MODE" part of the pragma, do a query for the
      ** current mode */
      eMode = PAGER_JOURNALMODE_QUERY;
    }else{
      const char *zMode;
      int n = sqlite3Strlen30(zRight);
................................................................................
    Pager *pPager = sqlite3BtreePager(pDb->pBt);
    i64 iLimit = -2;
    if( zRight ){
      sqlite3DecOrHexToI64(zRight, &iLimit);
      if( iLimit<-1 ) iLimit = -1;
    }
    iLimit = sqlite3PagerJournalSizeLimit(pPager, iLimit);
    returnSingleInt(pParse, "journal_size_limit", iLimit);
    break;
  }

#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_PAGER_PRAGMAS */

  /*
  **  PRAGMA [database.]auto_vacuum
................................................................................
  ** The value is one of:  0 NONE 1 FULL 2 INCREMENTAL
  */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
  case PragTyp_AUTO_VACUUM: {
    Btree *pBt = pDb->pBt;
    assert( pBt!=0 );
    if( !zRight ){
      returnSingleInt(pParse, "auto_vacuum", sqlite3BtreeGetAutoVacuum(pBt));
    }else{
      int eAuto = getAutoVacuum(zRight);
      assert( eAuto>=0 && eAuto<=2 );
      db->nextAutovac = (u8)eAuto;
      /* Call SetAutoVacuum() to set initialize the internal auto and
      ** incr-vacuum flags. This is required in case this connection
      ** creates the database file. It is important that it is created
................................................................................
  ** number of pages is adjusted so that the cache uses -N kibibytes
  ** of memory.
  */
  case PragTyp_CACHE_SIZE: {
    assert( sqlite3SchemaMutexHeld(db, iDb, 0) );
    if( !zRight ){
      if( sqlite3ReadSchema(pParse) ) goto pragma_out;
      returnSingleInt(pParse, "cache_size", pDb->pSchema->cache_size);
    }else{
      int size = sqlite3Atoi(zRight);
      pDb->pSchema->cache_size = size;
      sqlite3BtreeSetCacheSize(pDb->pBt, pDb->pSchema->cache_size);
      if( sqlite3ReadSchema(pParse) ) goto pragma_out;
    }
    break;
................................................................................
    sz = -1;
    rc = sqlite3_file_control(db, zDb, SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE, &sz);
#else
    sz = 0;
    rc = SQLITE_OK;
#endif
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      returnSingleInt(pParse, "mmap_size", sz);
    }else if( rc!=SQLITE_NOTFOUND ){
      pParse->nErr++;
      pParse->rc = rc;
    }
    break;
  }

................................................................................
  ** value will be restored the next time the database is opened.
  **
  ** Note that it is possible for the library compile-time options to
  ** override this setting
  */
  case PragTyp_TEMP_STORE: {
    if( !zRight ){
      returnSingleInt(pParse, "temp_store", db->temp_store);
    }else{
      changeTempStorage(pParse, zRight);
    }
    break;
  }

  /*
................................................................................
  ** the value sets a specific directory to be used for temporary files.
  ** Setting to a null string reverts to the default temporary directory search.
  ** If temporary directory is changed, then invalidateTempStorage.
  **
  */
  case PragTyp_TEMP_STORE_DIRECTORY: {
    if( !zRight ){
      if( sqlite3_temp_directory ){
        sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 1);
        sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, 
            "temp_store_directory", SQLITE_STATIC);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 1, 0, sqlite3_temp_directory, 0);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 1);
      }
    }else{
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WSD
      if( zRight[0] ){
        int res;
        rc = sqlite3OsAccess(db->pVfs, zRight, SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, &res);
        if( rc!=SQLITE_OK || res==0 ){
          sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "not a writable directory");
................................................................................
  ** a relative path will probably be based on the current directory for the
  ** process.  Database file specified with an absolute path are not impacted
  ** by this setting, regardless of its value.
  **
  */
  case PragTyp_DATA_STORE_DIRECTORY: {
    if( !zRight ){
      if( sqlite3_data_directory ){
        sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 1);
        sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, 
            "data_store_directory", SQLITE_STATIC);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 1, 0, sqlite3_data_directory, 0);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 1);
      }
    }else{
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WSD
      if( zRight[0] ){
        int res;
        rc = sqlite3OsAccess(db->pVfs, zRight, SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, &res);
        if( rc!=SQLITE_OK || res==0 ){
          sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "not a writable directory");
................................................................................
  case PragTyp_LOCK_PROXY_FILE: {
    if( !zRight ){
      Pager *pPager = sqlite3BtreePager(pDb->pBt);
      char *proxy_file_path = NULL;
      sqlite3_file *pFile = sqlite3PagerFile(pPager);
      sqlite3OsFileControlHint(pFile, SQLITE_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE, 
                           &proxy_file_path);
      
      if( proxy_file_path ){
        sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 1);
        sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, 
                              "lock_proxy_file", SQLITE_STATIC);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 1, 0, proxy_file_path, 0);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 1);
      }
    }else{
      Pager *pPager = sqlite3BtreePager(pDb->pBt);
      sqlite3_file *pFile = sqlite3PagerFile(pPager);
      int res;
      if( zRight[0] ){
        res=sqlite3OsFileControl(pFile, SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE, 
                                     zRight);
................................................................................
  ** Return or set the local value of the synchronous flag.  Changing
  ** the local value does not make changes to the disk file and the
  ** default value will be restored the next time the database is
  ** opened.
  */
  case PragTyp_SYNCHRONOUS: {
    if( !zRight ){
      returnSingleInt(pParse, "synchronous", pDb->safety_level-1);
    }else{
      if( !db->autoCommit ){
        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
            "Safety level may not be changed inside a transaction");
      }else{
        int iLevel = (getSafetyLevel(zRight,0,1)+1) & PAGER_SYNCHRONOUS_MASK;
        if( iLevel==0 ) iLevel = 1;
................................................................................
    break;
  }
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_PAGER_PRAGMAS */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLAG_PRAGMAS
  case PragTyp_FLAG: {
    if( zRight==0 ){
      returnSingleInt(pParse, pPragma->zName, (db->flags & pPragma->iArg)!=0 );
    }else{
      int mask = pPragma->iArg;    /* Mask of bits to set or clear. */
      if( db->autoCommit==0 ){
        /* Foreign key support may not be enabled or disabled while not
        ** in auto-commit mode.  */
        mask &= ~(SQLITE_ForeignKeys);
      }
................................................................................
  ** notnull:    True if 'NOT NULL' is part of column declaration
  ** dflt_value: The default value for the column, if any.
  */
  case PragTyp_TABLE_INFO: if( zRight ){
    Table *pTab;
    pTab = sqlite3FindTable(db, zRight, zDb);
    if( pTab ){



      int i, k;
      int nHidden = 0;
      Column *pCol;
      Index *pPk = sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(pTab);
      sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 6);
      pParse->nMem = 6;
      sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(pParse, iDb);
      sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, "cid", SQLITE_STATIC);
      sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 1, COLNAME_NAME, "name", SQLITE_STATIC);
      sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 2, COLNAME_NAME, "type", SQLITE_STATIC);
      sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 3, COLNAME_NAME, "notnull", SQLITE_STATIC);
      sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 4, COLNAME_NAME, "dflt_value", SQLITE_STATIC);
      sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 5, COLNAME_NAME, "pk", SQLITE_STATIC);

      sqlite3ViewGetColumnNames(pParse, pTab);
      for(i=0, pCol=pTab->aCol; i<pTab->nCol; i++, pCol++){
        if( IsHiddenColumn(pCol) ){
          nHidden++;
          continue;
        }
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, i-nHidden, 1);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 2, 0, pCol->zName, 0);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 3, 0,
           pCol->zType ? pCol->zType : "", 0);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, (pCol->notNull ? 1 : 0), 4);
        if( pCol->zDflt ){
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 5, 0, (char*)pCol->zDflt, 0);
        }else{
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, 5);
        }
        if( (pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_PRIMKEY)==0 ){
          k = 0;
        }else if( pPk==0 ){
          k = 1;
        }else{
          for(k=1; k<=pTab->nCol && pPk->aiColumn[k-1]!=i; k++){}
        }
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, k, 6);






        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 6);
      }
    }
  }
  break;

  case PragTyp_STATS: {

    Index *pIdx;
    HashElem *i;
    v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
    sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 4);
    pParse->nMem = 4;
    sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(pParse, iDb);
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, "table", SQLITE_STATIC);
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 1, COLNAME_NAME, "index", SQLITE_STATIC);
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 2, COLNAME_NAME, "width", SQLITE_STATIC);
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 3, COLNAME_NAME, "height", SQLITE_STATIC);

    for(i=sqliteHashFirst(&pDb->pSchema->tblHash); i; i=sqliteHashNext(i)){
      Table *pTab = sqliteHashData(i);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 1, 0, pTab->zName, 0);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, 2);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer,



                           (int)sqlite3LogEstToInt(pTab->szTabRow), 3);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 
          (int)sqlite3LogEstToInt(pTab->nRowLogEst), 4);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 4);
      for(pIdx=pTab->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 2, 0, pIdx->zName, 0);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer,


                             (int)sqlite3LogEstToInt(pIdx->szIdxRow), 3);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 
            (int)sqlite3LogEstToInt(pIdx->aiRowLogEst[0]), 4);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 4);
      }
    }
  }
  break;

  case PragTyp_INDEX_INFO: if( zRight ){
    Index *pIdx;
    Table *pTab;
    pIdx = sqlite3FindIndex(db, zRight, zDb);
    if( pIdx ){



      int i;
      int mx;
      if( pPragma->iArg ){
        /* PRAGMA index_xinfo (newer version with more rows and columns) */
        mx = pIdx->nColumn;
        pParse->nMem = 6;
      }else{
        /* PRAGMA index_info (legacy version) */
        mx = pIdx->nKeyCol;
        pParse->nMem = 3;
      }
      pTab = pIdx->pTable;
      sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, pParse->nMem);
      sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(pParse, iDb);

      sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, "seqno", SQLITE_STATIC);
      sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 1, COLNAME_NAME, "cid", SQLITE_STATIC);
      sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 2, COLNAME_NAME, "name", SQLITE_STATIC);
      if( pPragma->iArg ){
        sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 3, COLNAME_NAME, "desc", SQLITE_STATIC);
        sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 4, COLNAME_NAME, "coll", SQLITE_STATIC);
        sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 5, COLNAME_NAME, "key", SQLITE_STATIC);
      }
      for(i=0; i<mx; i++){
        i16 cnum = pIdx->aiColumn[i];
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, i, 1);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, cnum, 2);
        if( cnum<0 ){
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, 3);
        }else{

          sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 3, 0, pTab->aCol[cnum].zName, 0);
        }
        if( pPragma->iArg ){

          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, pIdx->aSortOrder[i], 4);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 5, 0, pIdx->azColl[i], 0);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, i<pIdx->nKeyCol, 6);
        }
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, pParse->nMem);
      }
    }
  }
  break;

  case PragTyp_INDEX_LIST: if( zRight ){
    Index *pIdx;
    Table *pTab;
    int i;
    pTab = sqlite3FindTable(db, zRight, zDb);
    if( pTab ){
      v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
      sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 5);
      pParse->nMem = 5;
      sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(pParse, iDb);
      sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, "seq", SQLITE_STATIC);
      sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 1, COLNAME_NAME, "name", SQLITE_STATIC);
      sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 2, COLNAME_NAME, "unique", SQLITE_STATIC);
      sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 3, COLNAME_NAME, "origin", SQLITE_STATIC);
      sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 4, COLNAME_NAME, "partial", SQLITE_STATIC);
      for(pIdx=pTab->pIndex, i=0; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext, i++){
        const char *azOrigin[] = { "c", "u", "pk" };
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, i, 1);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 2, 0, pIdx->zName, 0);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, IsUniqueIndex(pIdx), 3);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 4, 0, azOrigin[pIdx->idxType], 0);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, pIdx->pPartIdxWhere!=0, 5);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 5);
      }
    }
  }
  break;

  case PragTyp_DATABASE_LIST: {

    int i;
    sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 3);
    pParse->nMem = 3;
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, "seq", SQLITE_STATIC);
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 1, COLNAME_NAME, "name", SQLITE_STATIC);
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 2, COLNAME_NAME, "file", SQLITE_STATIC);
    for(i=0; i<db->nDb; i++){
      if( db->aDb[i].pBt==0 ) continue;
      assert( db->aDb[i].zName!=0 );
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, i, 1);

      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 2, 0, db->aDb[i].zName, 0);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 3, 0,
           sqlite3BtreeGetFilename(db->aDb[i].pBt), 0);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 3);
    }
  }
  break;

  case PragTyp_COLLATION_LIST: {

    int i = 0;
    HashElem *p;
    sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 2);
    pParse->nMem = 2;
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, "seq", SQLITE_STATIC);
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 1, COLNAME_NAME, "name", SQLITE_STATIC);
    for(p=sqliteHashFirst(&db->aCollSeq); p; p=sqliteHashNext(p)){
      CollSeq *pColl = (CollSeq *)sqliteHashData(p);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, i++, 1);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 2, 0, pColl->zName, 0);

      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 2);
    }
  }
  break;
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY
................................................................................
    FKey *pFK;
    Table *pTab;
    pTab = sqlite3FindTable(db, zRight, zDb);
    if( pTab ){
      v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
      pFK = pTab->pFKey;
      if( pFK ){
        int i = 0; 
        sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 8);
        pParse->nMem = 8;
        sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(pParse, iDb);
        sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, "id", SQLITE_STATIC);
        sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 1, COLNAME_NAME, "seq", SQLITE_STATIC);
        sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 2, COLNAME_NAME, "table", SQLITE_STATIC);
        sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 3, COLNAME_NAME, "from", SQLITE_STATIC);
        sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 4, COLNAME_NAME, "to", SQLITE_STATIC);
        sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 5, COLNAME_NAME, "on_update", SQLITE_STATIC);
        sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 6, COLNAME_NAME, "on_delete", SQLITE_STATIC);
        sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 7, COLNAME_NAME, "match", SQLITE_STATIC);
        while(pFK){
          int j;
          for(j=0; j<pFK->nCol; j++){
            char *zCol = pFK->aCol[j].zCol;
            char *zOnDelete = (char *)actionName(pFK->aAction[0]);
            char *zOnUpdate = (char *)actionName(pFK->aAction[1]);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, i, 1);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, j, 2);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 3, 0, pFK->zTo, 0);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 4, 0,
                              pTab->aCol[pFK->aCol[j].iFrom].zName, 0);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, zCol ? OP_String8 : OP_Null, 0, 5, 0, zCol, 0);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 6, 0, zOnUpdate, 0);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 7, 0, zOnDelete, 0);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 8, 0, "NONE", 0);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 8);
          }
          ++i;
          pFK = pFK->pNextFrom;
        }
      }
    }
................................................................................
    int x;                 /* result variable */
    int regResult;         /* 3 registers to hold a result row */
    int regKey;            /* Register to hold key for checking the FK */
    int regRow;            /* Registers to hold a row from pTab */
    int addrTop;           /* Top of a loop checking foreign keys */
    int addrOk;            /* Jump here if the key is OK */
    int *aiCols;           /* child to parent column mapping */


    regResult = pParse->nMem+1;
    pParse->nMem += 4;
    regKey = ++pParse->nMem;
    regRow = ++pParse->nMem;
    v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
    sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 4);
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, "table", SQLITE_STATIC);
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 1, COLNAME_NAME, "rowid", SQLITE_STATIC);
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 2, COLNAME_NAME, "parent", SQLITE_STATIC);
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 3, COLNAME_NAME, "fkid", SQLITE_STATIC);
    sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(pParse, iDb);
    k = sqliteHashFirst(&db->aDb[iDb].pSchema->tblHash);
    while( k ){
      if( zRight ){
        pTab = sqlite3LocateTable(pParse, 0, zRight, zDb);
        k = 0;
      }else{
................................................................................
        pTab = (Table*)sqliteHashData(k);
        k = sqliteHashNext(k);
      }
      if( pTab==0 || pTab->pFKey==0 ) continue;
      sqlite3TableLock(pParse, iDb, pTab->tnum, 0, pTab->zName);
      if( pTab->nCol+regRow>pParse->nMem ) pParse->nMem = pTab->nCol + regRow;
      sqlite3OpenTable(pParse, 0, iDb, pTab, OP_OpenRead);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, regResult, 0, pTab->zName,
                        P4_TRANSIENT);
      for(i=1, pFK=pTab->pFKey; pFK; i++, pFK=pFK->pNextFrom){
        pParent = sqlite3FindTable(db, pFK->zTo, zDb);
        if( pParent==0 ) continue;
        pIdx = 0;
        sqlite3TableLock(pParse, iDb, pParent->tnum, 0, pParent->zName);
        x = sqlite3FkLocateIndex(pParse, pParent, pFK, &pIdx, 0);
        if( x==0 ){
................................................................................
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IsNull, regRow, addrOk); VdbeCoverage(v);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_MustBeInt, regRow, 
               sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)+3); VdbeCoverage(v);
          }else{
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rowid, 0, regRow);
          }
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_NotExists, i, 0, regRow); VdbeCoverage(v);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, addrOk);
          sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)-2);
        }else{
          for(j=0; j<pFK->nCol; j++){
            sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(v, pTab, 0,
                            aiCols ? aiCols[j] : pFK->aCol[j].iFrom, regRow+j);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IsNull, regRow+j, addrOk); VdbeCoverage(v);
          }
................................................................................
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_MakeRecord, regRow, pFK->nCol, regKey,
                              sqlite3IndexAffinityStr(db,pIdx), pFK->nCol);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_Found, i, addrOk, regKey, 0);
            VdbeCoverage(v);
          }
        }
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rowid, 0, regResult+1);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, regResult+2, 0, 
                          pFK->zTo, P4_TRANSIENT);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, i-1, regResult+3);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, regResult, 4);
        sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, addrOk);
        sqlite3DbFree(db, aiCols);
      }
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, 0, addrTop+1); VdbeCoverage(v);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrTop);
    }
................................................................................
    ** of all attached databases.  */
    assert( iDb>=0 );
    assert( iDb==0 || pId2->z );
    if( pId2->z==0 ) iDb = -1;

    /* Initialize the VDBE program */
    pParse->nMem = 6;
    sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 1);
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, "integrity_check", SQLITE_STATIC);

    /* Set the maximum error count */
    mxErr = SQLITE_INTEGRITY_CHECK_ERROR_MAX;
    if( zRight ){
      sqlite3GetInt32(zRight, &mxErr);
      if( mxErr<=0 ){
        mxErr = SQLITE_INTEGRITY_CHECK_ERROR_MAX;
................................................................................
                                       pPrior, r1);
          pPrior = pIdx;
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_AddImm, 8+j, 1);  /* increment entry count */
          /* Verify that an index entry exists for the current table row */
          jmp2 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_Found, iIdxCur+j, ckUniq, r1,
                                      pIdx->nColumn); VdbeCoverage(v);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_AddImm, 1, -1); /* Decrement error limit */
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 3, 0, "row ", P4_STATIC);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Concat, 7, 3, 3);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 4, 0, 
                            " missing from index ", P4_STATIC);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Concat, 4, 3, 3);
          jmp5 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 4, 0,
                                   pIdx->zName, P4_TRANSIENT);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Concat, 4, 3, 3);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 3, 1);
          jmp4 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_IfPos, 1); VdbeCoverage(v);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(v, OP_Halt);
          sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, jmp2);
          /* For UNIQUE indexes, verify that only one entry exists with the
          ** current key.  The entry is unique if (1) any column is NULL
................................................................................
              int iCol = pIdx->aiColumn[kk];
              assert( iCol>=0 && iCol<pTab->nCol );
              if( pTab->aCol[iCol].notNull ) continue;
              sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IsNull, r1+kk, uniqOk);
              VdbeCoverage(v);
            }
            jmp6 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Next, iIdxCur+j); VdbeCoverage(v);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, uniqOk);
            sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, jmp6);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_IdxGT, iIdxCur+j, uniqOk, r1,
                                 pIdx->nKeyCol); VdbeCoverage(v);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_AddImm, 1, -1); /* Decrement error limit */
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 3, 0,
                              "non-unique entry in index ", P4_STATIC);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, jmp5);
            sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, uniqOk);
          }
          sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, jmp4);
          sqlite3ResolvePartIdxLabel(pParse, jmp3);
        }
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, iDataCur, loopTop); VdbeCoverage(v);
        sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, loopTop-1);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_BTREECOUNT
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 2, 0, 
                     "wrong # of entries in index ", P4_STATIC);
        for(j=0, pIdx=pTab->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext, j++){
          if( pPk==pIdx ) continue;
          addr = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IfPos, 1, addr+2); VdbeCoverage(v);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Halt, 0, 0);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Count, iIdxCur+j, 3);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Eq, 8+j, addr+8, 3); VdbeCoverage(v);
          sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, SQLITE_NOTNULL);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_AddImm, 1, -1);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 3, 0, pIdx->zName, P4_TRANSIENT);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Concat, 3, 2, 7);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 7, 1);
        }
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_BTREECOUNT */
      } 
    }
    addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOpList(v, ArraySize(endCode), endCode, iLn);
................................................................................
      { "UTF-16",   0                  }, /* SQLITE_UTF16NATIVE */
      { "UTF16",    0                  }, /* SQLITE_UTF16NATIVE */
      { 0, 0 }
    };
    const struct EncName *pEnc;
    if( !zRight ){    /* "PRAGMA encoding" */
      if( sqlite3ReadSchema(pParse) ) goto pragma_out;
      sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 1);
      sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, "encoding", SQLITE_STATIC);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_String8, 0, 1);
      assert( encnames[SQLITE_UTF8].enc==SQLITE_UTF8 );
      assert( encnames[SQLITE_UTF16LE].enc==SQLITE_UTF16LE );
      assert( encnames[SQLITE_UTF16BE].enc==SQLITE_UTF16BE );
      sqlite3VdbeChangeP4(v, -1, encnames[ENC(pParse->db)].zName, P4_STATIC);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 1);
    }else{                        /* "PRAGMA encoding = XXX" */
      /* Only change the value of sqlite.enc if the database handle is not
      ** initialized. If the main database exists, the new sqlite.enc value
      ** will be overwritten when the schema is next loaded. If it does not
      ** already exists, it will be created to use the new encoding value.
      */
      if( 
................................................................................
  **
  ** Return the names of all compile-time options used in this build,
  ** one option per row.
  */
  case PragTyp_COMPILE_OPTIONS: {
    int i = 0;
    const char *zOpt;
    sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 1);
    pParse->nMem = 1;
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, "compile_option", SQLITE_STATIC);

    while( (zOpt = sqlite3_compileoption_get(i++))!=0 ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 1, 0, zOpt, 0);

      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 1);
    }
  }
  break;
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL
  /*
  **   PRAGMA [database.]wal_checkpoint = passive|full|restart|truncate
  **
  ** Checkpoint the database.
  */
  case PragTyp_WAL_CHECKPOINT: {

    int iBt = (pId2->z?iDb:SQLITE_MAX_ATTACHED);
    int eMode = SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE;
    if( zRight ){
      if( sqlite3StrICmp(zRight, "full")==0 ){
        eMode = SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL;
      }else if( sqlite3StrICmp(zRight, "restart")==0 ){
        eMode = SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART;
      }else if( sqlite3StrICmp(zRight, "truncate")==0 ){
        eMode = SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE;
      }
    }
    sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 3);
    pParse->nMem = 3;
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, "busy", SQLITE_STATIC);
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 1, COLNAME_NAME, "log", SQLITE_STATIC);
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 2, COLNAME_NAME, "checkpointed", SQLITE_STATIC);

    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Checkpoint, iBt, eMode, 1);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 3);
  }
  break;

  /*
  **   PRAGMA wal_autocheckpoint
................................................................................
  ** after accumulating N frames in the log. Or query for the current value
  ** of N.
  */
  case PragTyp_WAL_AUTOCHECKPOINT: {
    if( zRight ){
      sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(db, sqlite3Atoi(zRight));
    }
    returnSingleInt(pParse, "wal_autocheckpoint", 
       db->xWalCallback==sqlite3WalDefaultHook ? 
           SQLITE_PTR_TO_INT(db->pWalArg) : 0);
  }
  break;
#endif

  /*
................................................................................
  ** disables the timeout.
  */
  /*case PragTyp_BUSY_TIMEOUT*/ default: {
    assert( pPragma->ePragTyp==PragTyp_BUSY_TIMEOUT );
    if( zRight ){
      sqlite3_busy_timeout(db, sqlite3Atoi(zRight));
    }
    returnSingleInt(pParse, "timeout",  db->busyTimeout);
    break;
  }

  /*
  **   PRAGMA soft_heap_limit
  **   PRAGMA soft_heap_limit = N
  **
................................................................................
  ** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(-1) C-language function.
  */
  case PragTyp_SOFT_HEAP_LIMIT: {
    sqlite3_int64 N;
    if( zRight && sqlite3DecOrHexToI64(zRight, &N)==SQLITE_OK ){
      sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(N);
    }
    returnSingleInt(pParse, "soft_heap_limit",  sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(-1));
    break;
  }

  /*
  **   PRAGMA threads
  **   PRAGMA threads = N
  **
................................................................................
    sqlite3_int64 N;
    if( zRight
     && sqlite3DecOrHexToI64(zRight, &N)==SQLITE_OK
     && N>=0
    ){
      sqlite3_limit(db, SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS, (int)(N&0x7fffffff));
    }
    returnSingleInt(pParse, "threads",
                    sqlite3_limit(db, SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS, -1));
    break;
  }

#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_TEST)
  /*
  ** Report the current state of file logs for all databases
  */
  case PragTyp_LOCK_STATUS: {
    static const char *const azLockName[] = {
      "unlocked", "shared", "reserved", "pending", "exclusive"
    };

    int i;
    sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, 2);

    pParse->nMem = 2;
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 0, COLNAME_NAME, "database", SQLITE_STATIC);
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, 1, COLNAME_NAME, "status", SQLITE_STATIC);
    for(i=0; i<db->nDb; i++){
      Btree *pBt;
      const char *zState = "unknown";
      int j;
      if( db->aDb[i].zName==0 ) continue;
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 1, 0, db->aDb[i].zName, P4_STATIC);
      pBt = db->aDb[i].pBt;
      if( pBt==0 || sqlite3BtreePager(pBt)==0 ){
        zState = "closed";
      }else if( sqlite3_file_control(db, i ? db->aDb[i].zName : 0, 
                                     SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE, &j)==SQLITE_OK ){
         zState = azLockName[j];
      }
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 2, 0, zState, P4_STATIC);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 2);
    }
    break;
  }
#endif

#ifdef SQLITE_HAS_CODEC

  if( invalidateTempStorage( pParse ) != SQLITE_OK ){
    return SQLITE_ERROR;
  }
  db->temp_store = (u8)ts;
  return SQLITE_OK;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_PAGER_PRAGMAS */

/*
** Set the names of the first N columns to the values in azCol[]
*/
static void setAllColumnNames(
  Vdbe *v,               /* The query under construction */
  int N,                 /* Number of columns */
  const char **azCol     /* Names of columns */
){
  int i;
  sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, N);
  for(i=0; i<N; i++){
    sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, i, COLNAME_NAME, azCol[i], SQLITE_STATIC);
  }
}
static void setOneColumnName(Vdbe *v, const char *z){
  setAllColumnNames(v, 1, &z);
}

/*
** Generate code to return a single integer value.
*/
static void returnSingleInt(Vdbe *v, const char *zLabel, i64 value){





  sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Dup8(v, OP_Int64, 0, 1, 0, (const u8*)&value, P4_INT64);
  setOneColumnName(v, zLabel);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 1);
}




/*
** Generate code to return a single text value.
*/
static void returnSingleText(
  Vdbe *v,                /* Prepared statement under construction */
  const char *zLabel,     /* Name of the result column */
  const char *zValue      /* Value to be returned */
){
  if( zValue ){
    sqlite3VdbeLoadString(v, 1, (const char*)zValue);
    setOneColumnName(v, zLabel);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 1);
  }
}


/*
** Set the safety_level and pager flags for pager iDb.  Or if iDb<0
** set these values for all pagers.
*/
................................................................................
  aFcntl[0] = 0;
  aFcntl[1] = zLeft;
  aFcntl[2] = zRight;
  aFcntl[3] = 0;
  db->busyHandler.nBusy = 0;
  rc = sqlite3_file_control(db, zDb, SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA, (void*)aFcntl);
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    returnSingleText(v, "result", aFcntl[0]);





    sqlite3_free(aFcntl[0]);

    goto pragma_out;
  }
  if( rc!=SQLITE_NOTFOUND ){
    if( aFcntl[0] ){
      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "%s", aFcntl[0]);
      sqlite3_free(aFcntl[0]);
    }
................................................................................
      { OP_Integer,     0, 1,        0},                         /* 6 */
      { OP_Noop,        0, 0,        0},
      { OP_ResultRow,   1, 1,        0},
    };
    int addr;
    sqlite3VdbeUsesBtree(v, iDb);
    if( !zRight ){
      setOneColumnName(v, "cache_size");

      pParse->nMem += 2;
      addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOpList(v, ArraySize(getCacheSize), getCacheSize,iLn);
      sqlite3VdbeChangeP1(v, addr, iDb);
      sqlite3VdbeChangeP1(v, addr+1, iDb);
      sqlite3VdbeChangeP1(v, addr+6, SQLITE_DEFAULT_CACHE_SIZE);
    }else{
      int size = sqlite3AbsInt32(sqlite3Atoi(zRight));
................................................................................
  ** the database has not yet been created.
  */
  case PragTyp_PAGE_SIZE: {
    Btree *pBt = pDb->pBt;
    assert( pBt!=0 );
    if( !zRight ){
      int size = ALWAYS(pBt) ? sqlite3BtreeGetPageSize(pBt) : 0;
      returnSingleInt(v, "page_size", size);
    }else{
      /* Malloc may fail when setting the page-size, as there is an internal
      ** buffer that the pager module resizes using sqlite3_realloc().
      */
      db->nextPagesize = sqlite3Atoi(zRight);
      if( SQLITE_NOMEM==sqlite3BtreeSetPageSize(pBt, db->nextPagesize,-1,0) ){
        db->mallocFailed = 1;
................................................................................
    if( pId2->n==0 && b>=0 ){
      int ii;
      for(ii=0; ii<db->nDb; ii++){
        sqlite3BtreeSecureDelete(db->aDb[ii].pBt, b);
      }
    }
    b = sqlite3BtreeSecureDelete(pBt, b);
    returnSingleInt(v, "secure_delete", b);
    break;
  }

  /*
  **  PRAGMA [database.]max_page_count
  **  PRAGMA [database.]max_page_count=N
  **
................................................................................
    }

    assert( eMode==PAGER_LOCKINGMODE_NORMAL
            || eMode==PAGER_LOCKINGMODE_EXCLUSIVE );
    if( eMode==PAGER_LOCKINGMODE_EXCLUSIVE ){
      zRet = "exclusive";
    }
    returnSingleText(v, "locking_mode", zRet);



    break;
  }

  /*
  **  PRAGMA [database.]journal_mode
  **  PRAGMA [database.]journal_mode =
  **                      (delete|persist|off|truncate|memory|wal|off)
  */
  case PragTyp_JOURNAL_MODE: {
    int eMode;        /* One of the PAGER_JOURNALMODE_XXX symbols */
    int ii;           /* Loop counter */

    setOneColumnName(v, "journal_mode");


    if( zRight==0 ){
      /* If there is no "=MODE" part of the pragma, do a query for the
      ** current mode */
      eMode = PAGER_JOURNALMODE_QUERY;
    }else{
      const char *zMode;
      int n = sqlite3Strlen30(zRight);
................................................................................
    Pager *pPager = sqlite3BtreePager(pDb->pBt);
    i64 iLimit = -2;
    if( zRight ){
      sqlite3DecOrHexToI64(zRight, &iLimit);
      if( iLimit<-1 ) iLimit = -1;
    }
    iLimit = sqlite3PagerJournalSizeLimit(pPager, iLimit);
    returnSingleInt(v, "journal_size_limit", iLimit);
    break;
  }

#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_PAGER_PRAGMAS */

  /*
  **  PRAGMA [database.]auto_vacuum
................................................................................
  ** The value is one of:  0 NONE 1 FULL 2 INCREMENTAL
  */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
  case PragTyp_AUTO_VACUUM: {
    Btree *pBt = pDb->pBt;
    assert( pBt!=0 );
    if( !zRight ){
      returnSingleInt(v, "auto_vacuum", sqlite3BtreeGetAutoVacuum(pBt));
    }else{
      int eAuto = getAutoVacuum(zRight);
      assert( eAuto>=0 && eAuto<=2 );
      db->nextAutovac = (u8)eAuto;
      /* Call SetAutoVacuum() to set initialize the internal auto and
      ** incr-vacuum flags. This is required in case this connection
      ** creates the database file. It is important that it is created
................................................................................
  ** number of pages is adjusted so that the cache uses -N kibibytes
  ** of memory.
  */
  case PragTyp_CACHE_SIZE: {
    assert( sqlite3SchemaMutexHeld(db, iDb, 0) );
    if( !zRight ){
      if( sqlite3ReadSchema(pParse) ) goto pragma_out;
      returnSingleInt(v, "cache_size", pDb->pSchema->cache_size);
    }else{
      int size = sqlite3Atoi(zRight);
      pDb->pSchema->cache_size = size;
      sqlite3BtreeSetCacheSize(pDb->pBt, pDb->pSchema->cache_size);
      if( sqlite3ReadSchema(pParse) ) goto pragma_out;
    }
    break;
................................................................................
    sz = -1;
    rc = sqlite3_file_control(db, zDb, SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE, &sz);
#else
    sz = 0;
    rc = SQLITE_OK;
#endif
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      returnSingleInt(v, "mmap_size", sz);
    }else if( rc!=SQLITE_NOTFOUND ){
      pParse->nErr++;
      pParse->rc = rc;
    }
    break;
  }

................................................................................
  ** value will be restored the next time the database is opened.
  **
  ** Note that it is possible for the library compile-time options to
  ** override this setting
  */
  case PragTyp_TEMP_STORE: {
    if( !zRight ){
      returnSingleInt(v, "temp_store", db->temp_store);
    }else{
      changeTempStorage(pParse, zRight);
    }
    break;
  }

  /*
................................................................................
  ** the value sets a specific directory to be used for temporary files.
  ** Setting to a null string reverts to the default temporary directory search.
  ** If temporary directory is changed, then invalidateTempStorage.
  **
  */
  case PragTyp_TEMP_STORE_DIRECTORY: {
    if( !zRight ){
      returnSingleText(v, "temp_store_directory", sqlite3_temp_directory);






    }else{
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WSD
      if( zRight[0] ){
        int res;
        rc = sqlite3OsAccess(db->pVfs, zRight, SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, &res);
        if( rc!=SQLITE_OK || res==0 ){
          sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "not a writable directory");
................................................................................
  ** a relative path will probably be based on the current directory for the
  ** process.  Database file specified with an absolute path are not impacted
  ** by this setting, regardless of its value.
  **
  */
  case PragTyp_DATA_STORE_DIRECTORY: {
    if( !zRight ){
      returnSingleText(v, "data_store_directory", sqlite3_data_directory);






    }else{
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WSD
      if( zRight[0] ){
        int res;
        rc = sqlite3OsAccess(db->pVfs, zRight, SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, &res);
        if( rc!=SQLITE_OK || res==0 ){
          sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "not a writable directory");
................................................................................
  case PragTyp_LOCK_PROXY_FILE: {
    if( !zRight ){
      Pager *pPager = sqlite3BtreePager(pDb->pBt);
      char *proxy_file_path = NULL;
      sqlite3_file *pFile = sqlite3PagerFile(pPager);
      sqlite3OsFileControlHint(pFile, SQLITE_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE, 
                           &proxy_file_path);




      returnSingleText(v, "lock_proxy_file", proxy_file_path);



    }else{
      Pager *pPager = sqlite3BtreePager(pDb->pBt);
      sqlite3_file *pFile = sqlite3PagerFile(pPager);
      int res;
      if( zRight[0] ){
        res=sqlite3OsFileControl(pFile, SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE, 
                                     zRight);
................................................................................
  ** Return or set the local value of the synchronous flag.  Changing
  ** the local value does not make changes to the disk file and the
  ** default value will be restored the next time the database is
  ** opened.
  */
  case PragTyp_SYNCHRONOUS: {
    if( !zRight ){
      returnSingleInt(v, "synchronous", pDb->safety_level-1);
    }else{
      if( !db->autoCommit ){
        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
            "Safety level may not be changed inside a transaction");
      }else{
        int iLevel = (getSafetyLevel(zRight,0,1)+1) & PAGER_SYNCHRONOUS_MASK;
        if( iLevel==0 ) iLevel = 1;
................................................................................
    break;
  }
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_PAGER_PRAGMAS */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLAG_PRAGMAS
  case PragTyp_FLAG: {
    if( zRight==0 ){
      returnSingleInt(v, pPragma->zName, (db->flags & pPragma->iArg)!=0 );
    }else{
      int mask = pPragma->iArg;    /* Mask of bits to set or clear. */
      if( db->autoCommit==0 ){
        /* Foreign key support may not be enabled or disabled while not
        ** in auto-commit mode.  */
        mask &= ~(SQLITE_ForeignKeys);
      }
................................................................................
  ** notnull:    True if 'NOT NULL' is part of column declaration
  ** dflt_value: The default value for the column, if any.
  */
  case PragTyp_TABLE_INFO: if( zRight ){
    Table *pTab;
    pTab = sqlite3FindTable(db, zRight, zDb);
    if( pTab ){
      static const char *azCol[] = {
         "cid", "name", "type", "notnull", "dflt_value", "pk"
      };
      int i, k;
      int nHidden = 0;
      Column *pCol;
      Index *pPk = sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(pTab);

      pParse->nMem = 6;
      sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(pParse, iDb);






      setAllColumnNames(v, 6, azCol); assert( 6==ArraySize(azCol) );
      sqlite3ViewGetColumnNames(pParse, pTab);
      for(i=0, pCol=pTab->aCol; i<pTab->nCol; i++, pCol++){
        if( IsHiddenColumn(pCol) ){
          nHidden++;
          continue;
        }










        if( (pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_PRIMKEY)==0 ){
          k = 0;
        }else if( pPk==0 ){
          k = 1;
        }else{
          for(k=1; k<=pTab->nCol && pPk->aiColumn[k-1]!=i; k++){}
        }
        sqlite3VdbeMultiLoad(v, 1, "issisi",
               i-nHidden,
               pCol->zName,
               pCol->zType ? pCol->zType : "",
               pCol->notNull ? 1 : 0,
               pCol->zDflt,
               k);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 6);
      }
    }
  }
  break;

  case PragTyp_STATS: {
    static const char *azCol[] = { "table", "index", "width", "height" };
    Index *pIdx;
    HashElem *i;
    v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);

    pParse->nMem = 4;
    sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(pParse, iDb);




    setAllColumnNames(v, 4, azCol);  assert( 4==ArraySize(azCol) );
    for(i=sqliteHashFirst(&pDb->pSchema->tblHash); i; i=sqliteHashNext(i)){
      Table *pTab = sqliteHashData(i);



      sqlite3VdbeMultiLoad(v, 1, "ssii",
           pTab->zName,
           0,
           (int)sqlite3LogEstToInt(pTab->szTabRow),

           (int)sqlite3LogEstToInt(pTab->nRowLogEst));
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 4);
      for(pIdx=pTab->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext){


        sqlite3VdbeMultiLoad(v, 2, "sii",
           pIdx->zName,
           (int)sqlite3LogEstToInt(pIdx->szIdxRow),

           (int)sqlite3LogEstToInt(pIdx->aiRowLogEst[0]));
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 4);
      }
    }
  }
  break;

  case PragTyp_INDEX_INFO: if( zRight ){
    Index *pIdx;
    Table *pTab;
    pIdx = sqlite3FindIndex(db, zRight, zDb);
    if( pIdx ){
      static const char *azCol[] = {
         "seqno", "cid", "name", "desc", "coll", "key"
      };
      int i;
      int mx;
      if( pPragma->iArg ){
        /* PRAGMA index_xinfo (newer version with more rows and columns) */
        mx = pIdx->nColumn;
        pParse->nMem = 6;
      }else{
        /* PRAGMA index_info (legacy version) */
        mx = pIdx->nKeyCol;
        pParse->nMem = 3;
      }
      pTab = pIdx->pTable;

      sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(pParse, iDb);
      assert( pParse->nMem<=ArraySize(azCol) );
      setAllColumnNames(v, pParse->nMem, azCol);







      for(i=0; i<mx; i++){
        i16 cnum = pIdx->aiColumn[i];





        sqlite3VdbeMultiLoad(v, 1, "iis", i, cnum,
                             cnum<0 ? 0 : pTab->aCol[cnum].zName);

        if( pPragma->iArg ){
          sqlite3VdbeMultiLoad(v, 4, "isi",
            pIdx->aSortOrder[i],
            pIdx->azColl[i],
            i<pIdx->nKeyCol);
        }
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, pParse->nMem);
      }
    }
  }
  break;

  case PragTyp_INDEX_LIST: if( zRight ){
    Index *pIdx;
    Table *pTab;
    int i;
    pTab = sqlite3FindTable(db, zRight, zDb);
    if( pTab ){
      static const char *azCol[] = {
        "seq", "name", "unique", "origin", "partial"
      };
      v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
      pParse->nMem = 5;
      sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(pParse, iDb);
      setAllColumnNames(v, 5, azCol);  assert( 5==ArraySize(azCol) );
      for(pIdx=pTab->pIndex, i=0; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext, i++){
        const char *azOrigin[] = { "c", "u", "pk" };
        sqlite3VdbeMultiLoad(v, 1, "isisi",
           i,
           pIdx->zName,
           IsUniqueIndex(pIdx),
           azOrigin[pIdx->idxType],
           pIdx->pPartIdxWhere!=0);

        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 5);
      }
    }
  }
  break;

  case PragTyp_DATABASE_LIST: {
    static const char *azCol[] = { "seq", "name", "file" };
    int i;

    pParse->nMem = 3;
    setAllColumnNames(v, 3, azCol); assert( 3==ArraySize(azCol) );


    for(i=0; i<db->nDb; i++){
      if( db->aDb[i].pBt==0 ) continue;
      assert( db->aDb[i].zName!=0 );
      sqlite3VdbeMultiLoad(v, 1, "iss",
         i,
         db->aDb[i].zName,

         sqlite3BtreeGetFilename(db->aDb[i].pBt));
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 3);
    }
  }
  break;

  case PragTyp_COLLATION_LIST: {
    static const char *azCol[] = { "seq", "name" };
    int i = 0;
    HashElem *p;

    pParse->nMem = 2;
    setAllColumnNames(v, 2, azCol); assert( 2==ArraySize(azCol) );

    for(p=sqliteHashFirst(&db->aCollSeq); p; p=sqliteHashNext(p)){
      CollSeq *pColl = (CollSeq *)sqliteHashData(p);


      sqlite3VdbeMultiLoad(v, 1, "is", i++, pColl->zName);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 2);
    }
  }
  break;
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY
................................................................................
    FKey *pFK;
    Table *pTab;
    pTab = sqlite3FindTable(db, zRight, zDb);
    if( pTab ){
      v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
      pFK = pTab->pFKey;
      if( pFK ){
        static const char *azCol[] = {
           "id", "seq", "table", "from", "to", "on_update", "on_delete",
           "match"
        };
        int i = 0; 
        pParse->nMem = 8;
        sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(pParse, iDb);
        setAllColumnNames(v, 8, azCol); assert( 8==ArraySize(azCol) );
        while(pFK){
          int j;
          for(j=0; j<pFK->nCol; j++){
            sqlite3VdbeMultiLoad(v, 1, "iissssss",
                   i,
                   j,
                   pFK->zTo,
                   pTab->aCol[pFK->aCol[j].iFrom].zName,
                   pFK->aCol[j].zCol,
                   actionName(pFK->aAction[1]),  /* ON UPDATE */
                   actionName(pFK->aAction[0]),  /* ON DELETE */
                   "NONE");







            sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 8);
          }
          ++i;
          pFK = pFK->pNextFrom;
        }
      }
    }
................................................................................
    int x;                 /* result variable */
    int regResult;         /* 3 registers to hold a result row */
    int regKey;            /* Register to hold key for checking the FK */
    int regRow;            /* Registers to hold a row from pTab */
    int addrTop;           /* Top of a loop checking foreign keys */
    int addrOk;            /* Jump here if the key is OK */
    int *aiCols;           /* child to parent column mapping */
    static const char *azCol[] = { "table", "rowid", "parent", "fkid" };

    regResult = pParse->nMem+1;
    pParse->nMem += 4;
    regKey = ++pParse->nMem;
    regRow = ++pParse->nMem;
    v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
    setAllColumnNames(v, 4, azCol); assert( 4==ArraySize(azCol) );




    sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(pParse, iDb);
    k = sqliteHashFirst(&db->aDb[iDb].pSchema->tblHash);
    while( k ){
      if( zRight ){
        pTab = sqlite3LocateTable(pParse, 0, zRight, zDb);
        k = 0;
      }else{
................................................................................
        pTab = (Table*)sqliteHashData(k);
        k = sqliteHashNext(k);
      }
      if( pTab==0 || pTab->pFKey==0 ) continue;
      sqlite3TableLock(pParse, iDb, pTab->tnum, 0, pTab->zName);
      if( pTab->nCol+regRow>pParse->nMem ) pParse->nMem = pTab->nCol + regRow;
      sqlite3OpenTable(pParse, 0, iDb, pTab, OP_OpenRead);
      sqlite3VdbeLoadString(v, regResult, pTab->zName);

      for(i=1, pFK=pTab->pFKey; pFK; i++, pFK=pFK->pNextFrom){
        pParent = sqlite3FindTable(db, pFK->zTo, zDb);
        if( pParent==0 ) continue;
        pIdx = 0;
        sqlite3TableLock(pParse, iDb, pParent->tnum, 0, pParent->zName);
        x = sqlite3FkLocateIndex(pParse, pParent, pFK, &pIdx, 0);
        if( x==0 ){
................................................................................
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IsNull, regRow, addrOk); VdbeCoverage(v);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_MustBeInt, regRow, 
               sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)+3); VdbeCoverage(v);
          }else{
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rowid, 0, regRow);
          }
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_NotExists, i, 0, regRow); VdbeCoverage(v);
          sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, addrOk);
          sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)-2);
        }else{
          for(j=0; j<pFK->nCol; j++){
            sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(v, pTab, 0,
                            aiCols ? aiCols[j] : pFK->aCol[j].iFrom, regRow+j);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IsNull, regRow+j, addrOk); VdbeCoverage(v);
          }
................................................................................
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_MakeRecord, regRow, pFK->nCol, regKey,
                              sqlite3IndexAffinityStr(db,pIdx), pFK->nCol);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_Found, i, addrOk, regKey, 0);
            VdbeCoverage(v);
          }
        }
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rowid, 0, regResult+1);
        sqlite3VdbeMultiLoad(v, regResult+2, "si", pFK->zTo, i-1);


        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, regResult, 4);
        sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, addrOk);
        sqlite3DbFree(db, aiCols);
      }
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, 0, addrTop+1); VdbeCoverage(v);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrTop);
    }
................................................................................
    ** of all attached databases.  */
    assert( iDb>=0 );
    assert( iDb==0 || pId2->z );
    if( pId2->z==0 ) iDb = -1;

    /* Initialize the VDBE program */
    pParse->nMem = 6;
    setOneColumnName(v, "integrity_check");


    /* Set the maximum error count */
    mxErr = SQLITE_INTEGRITY_CHECK_ERROR_MAX;
    if( zRight ){
      sqlite3GetInt32(zRight, &mxErr);
      if( mxErr<=0 ){
        mxErr = SQLITE_INTEGRITY_CHECK_ERROR_MAX;
................................................................................
                                       pPrior, r1);
          pPrior = pIdx;
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_AddImm, 8+j, 1);  /* increment entry count */
          /* Verify that an index entry exists for the current table row */
          jmp2 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_Found, iIdxCur+j, ckUniq, r1,
                                      pIdx->nColumn); VdbeCoverage(v);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_AddImm, 1, -1); /* Decrement error limit */
          sqlite3VdbeLoadString(v, 3, "row ");
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Concat, 7, 3, 3);

          sqlite3VdbeLoadString(v, 4, " missing from index ");
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Concat, 4, 3, 3);
          jmp5 = sqlite3VdbeLoadString(v, 4, pIdx->zName);

          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Concat, 4, 3, 3);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 3, 1);
          jmp4 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_IfPos, 1); VdbeCoverage(v);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(v, OP_Halt);
          sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, jmp2);
          /* For UNIQUE indexes, verify that only one entry exists with the
          ** current key.  The entry is unique if (1) any column is NULL
................................................................................
              int iCol = pIdx->aiColumn[kk];
              assert( iCol>=0 && iCol<pTab->nCol );
              if( pTab->aCol[iCol].notNull ) continue;
              sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IsNull, r1+kk, uniqOk);
              VdbeCoverage(v);
            }
            jmp6 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Next, iIdxCur+j); VdbeCoverage(v);
            sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, uniqOk);
            sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, jmp6);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_IdxGT, iIdxCur+j, uniqOk, r1,
                                 pIdx->nKeyCol); VdbeCoverage(v);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_AddImm, 1, -1); /* Decrement error limit */
            sqlite3VdbeLoadString(v, 3, "non-unique entry in index ");
            sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, jmp5);

            sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, uniqOk);
          }
          sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, jmp4);
          sqlite3ResolvePartIdxLabel(pParse, jmp3);
        }
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, iDataCur, loopTop); VdbeCoverage(v);
        sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, loopTop-1);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_BTREECOUNT

        sqlite3VdbeLoadString(v, 2, "wrong # of entries in index ");
        for(j=0, pIdx=pTab->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext, j++){
          if( pPk==pIdx ) continue;
          addr = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IfPos, 1, addr+2); VdbeCoverage(v);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Halt, 0, 0);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Count, iIdxCur+j, 3);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Eq, 8+j, addr+8, 3); VdbeCoverage(v);
          sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, SQLITE_NOTNULL);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_AddImm, 1, -1);
          sqlite3VdbeLoadString(v, 3, pIdx->zName);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Concat, 3, 2, 7);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 7, 1);
        }
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_BTREECOUNT */
      } 
    }
    addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOpList(v, ArraySize(endCode), endCode, iLn);
................................................................................
      { "UTF-16",   0                  }, /* SQLITE_UTF16NATIVE */
      { "UTF16",    0                  }, /* SQLITE_UTF16NATIVE */
      { 0, 0 }
    };
    const struct EncName *pEnc;
    if( !zRight ){    /* "PRAGMA encoding" */
      if( sqlite3ReadSchema(pParse) ) goto pragma_out;



      assert( encnames[SQLITE_UTF8].enc==SQLITE_UTF8 );
      assert( encnames[SQLITE_UTF16LE].enc==SQLITE_UTF16LE );
      assert( encnames[SQLITE_UTF16BE].enc==SQLITE_UTF16BE );
      returnSingleText(v, "encoding", encnames[ENC(pParse->db)].zName);

    }else{                        /* "PRAGMA encoding = XXX" */
      /* Only change the value of sqlite.enc if the database handle is not
      ** initialized. If the main database exists, the new sqlite.enc value
      ** will be overwritten when the schema is next loaded. If it does not
      ** already exists, it will be created to use the new encoding value.
      */
      if( 
................................................................................
  **
  ** Return the names of all compile-time options used in this build,
  ** one option per row.
  */
  case PragTyp_COMPILE_OPTIONS: {
    int i = 0;
    const char *zOpt;

    pParse->nMem = 1;

    setOneColumnName(v, "compile_option");
    while( (zOpt = sqlite3_compileoption_get(i++))!=0 ){

      sqlite3VdbeLoadString(v, 1, zOpt);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 1);
    }
  }
  break;
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL
  /*
  **   PRAGMA [database.]wal_checkpoint = passive|full|restart|truncate
  **
  ** Checkpoint the database.
  */
  case PragTyp_WAL_CHECKPOINT: {
    static const char *azCol[] = { "busy", "log", "checkpointed" };
    int iBt = (pId2->z?iDb:SQLITE_MAX_ATTACHED);
    int eMode = SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE;
    if( zRight ){
      if( sqlite3StrICmp(zRight, "full")==0 ){
        eMode = SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL;
      }else if( sqlite3StrICmp(zRight, "restart")==0 ){
        eMode = SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART;
      }else if( sqlite3StrICmp(zRight, "truncate")==0 ){
        eMode = SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE;
      }
    }
    setAllColumnNames(v, 3, azCol);  assert( 3==ArraySize(azCol) );
    pParse->nMem = 3;




    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Checkpoint, iBt, eMode, 1);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 3);
  }
  break;

  /*
  **   PRAGMA wal_autocheckpoint
................................................................................
  ** after accumulating N frames in the log. Or query for the current value
  ** of N.
  */
  case PragTyp_WAL_AUTOCHECKPOINT: {
    if( zRight ){
      sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(db, sqlite3Atoi(zRight));
    }
    returnSingleInt(v, "wal_autocheckpoint", 
       db->xWalCallback==sqlite3WalDefaultHook ? 
           SQLITE_PTR_TO_INT(db->pWalArg) : 0);
  }
  break;
#endif

  /*
................................................................................
  ** disables the timeout.
  */
  /*case PragTyp_BUSY_TIMEOUT*/ default: {
    assert( pPragma->ePragTyp==PragTyp_BUSY_TIMEOUT );
    if( zRight ){
      sqlite3_busy_timeout(db, sqlite3Atoi(zRight));
    }
    returnSingleInt(v, "timeout",  db->busyTimeout);
    break;
  }

  /*
  **   PRAGMA soft_heap_limit
  **   PRAGMA soft_heap_limit = N
  **
................................................................................
  ** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(-1) C-language function.
  */
  case PragTyp_SOFT_HEAP_LIMIT: {
    sqlite3_int64 N;
    if( zRight && sqlite3DecOrHexToI64(zRight, &N)==SQLITE_OK ){
      sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(N);
    }
    returnSingleInt(v, "soft_heap_limit",  sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(-1));
    break;
  }

  /*
  **   PRAGMA threads
  **   PRAGMA threads = N
  **
................................................................................
    sqlite3_int64 N;
    if( zRight
     && sqlite3DecOrHexToI64(zRight, &N)==SQLITE_OK
     && N>=0
    ){
      sqlite3_limit(db, SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS, (int)(N&0x7fffffff));
    }
    returnSingleInt(v, "threads",
                    sqlite3_limit(db, SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS, -1));
    break;
  }

#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_TEST)
  /*
  ** Report the current state of file logs for all databases
  */
  case PragTyp_LOCK_STATUS: {
    static const char *const azLockName[] = {
      "unlocked", "shared", "reserved", "pending", "exclusive"
    };
    static const char *azCol[] = { "database", "status" };
    int i;

    setAllColumnNames(v, 2, azCol); assert( 2==ArraySize(azCol) );
    pParse->nMem = 2;


    for(i=0; i<db->nDb; i++){
      Btree *pBt;
      const char *zState = "unknown";
      int j;
      if( db->aDb[i].zName==0 ) continue;

      pBt = db->aDb[i].pBt;
      if( pBt==0 || sqlite3BtreePager(pBt)==0 ){
        zState = "closed";
      }else if( sqlite3_file_control(db, i ? db->aDb[i].zName : 0, 
                                     SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE, &j)==SQLITE_OK ){
         zState = azLockName[j];
      }
      sqlite3VdbeMultiLoad(v, 1, "ss", db->aDb[i].zName, zState);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, 1, 2);
    }
    break;
  }
#endif

#ifdef SQLITE_HAS_CODEC

          bufpt = "NaN";
          length = 3;
          break;
        }
        if( realvalue>0.0 ){
          LONGDOUBLE_TYPE scale = 1.0;
          while( realvalue>=1e100*scale && exp<=350 ){ scale *= 1e100;exp+=100;}
          while( realvalue>=1e64*scale && exp<=350 ){ scale *= 1e64; exp+=64; }
          while( realvalue>=1e8*scale && exp<=350 ){ scale *= 1e8; exp+=8; }
          while( realvalue>=10.0*scale && exp<=350 ){ scale *= 10.0; exp++; }
          realvalue /= scale;
          while( realvalue<1e-8 ){ realvalue *= 1e8; exp-=8; }
          while( realvalue<1.0 ){ realvalue *= 10.0; exp--; }
          if( exp>350 ){
            if( prefix=='-' ){
              bufpt = "-Inf";

            }else if( prefix=='+' ){
              bufpt = "+Inf";
            }else{
              bufpt = "Inf";
            }
            length = sqlite3Strlen30(bufpt);
            break;
          }
        }
        bufpt = buf;
        /*
        ** If the field type is etGENERIC, then convert to either etEXP
        ** or etFLOAT, as appropriate.
................................................................................
        buf[0] = c;
        bufpt = buf;
        break;
      case etSTRING:
      case etDYNSTRING:
        if( bArgList ){
          bufpt = getTextArg(pArgList);

        }else{
          bufpt = va_arg(ap,char*);
        }
        if( bufpt==0 ){
          bufpt = "";
        }else if( xtype==etDYNSTRING && !bArgList ){
          zExtra = bufpt;
        }
        if( precision>=0 ){
          for(length=0; length<precision && bufpt[length]; length++){}
        }else{
          length = sqlite3Strlen30(bufpt);
        }
        break;
      case etSQLESCAPE:
      case etSQLESCAPE2:
      case etSQLESCAPE3: {
        int i, j, k, n, isnull;
        int needQuote;
        char ch;
        char q = ((xtype==etSQLESCAPE3)?'"':'\'');   /* Quote character */
        char *escarg;

        if( bArgList ){
................................................................................
        isnull = escarg==0;
        if( isnull ) escarg = (xtype==etSQLESCAPE2 ? "NULL" : "(NULL)");
        k = precision;
        for(i=n=0; k!=0 && (ch=escarg[i])!=0; i++, k--){
          if( ch==q )  n++;
        }
        needQuote = !isnull && xtype==etSQLESCAPE2;
        n += i + 1 + needQuote*2;
        if( n>etBUFSIZE ){
          bufpt = zExtra = sqlite3Malloc( n );
          if( bufpt==0 ){
            setStrAccumError(pAccum, STRACCUM_NOMEM);
            return;
          }
        }else{
................................................................................
  fprintf(stdout,"%s", zBuf);
  fflush(stdout);
}
#endif


/*
** variable-argument wrapper around sqlite3VXPrintf().

*/
void sqlite3XPrintf(StrAccum *p, u32 bFlags, const char *zFormat, ...){
  va_list ap;
  va_start(ap,zFormat);
  sqlite3VXPrintf(p, bFlags, zFormat, ap);
  va_end(ap);
}

          bufpt = "NaN";
          length = 3;
          break;
        }
        if( realvalue>0.0 ){
          LONGDOUBLE_TYPE scale = 1.0;
          while( realvalue>=1e100*scale && exp<=350 ){ scale *= 1e100;exp+=100;}

          while( realvalue>=1e10*scale && exp<=350 ){ scale *= 1e10; exp+=10; }
          while( realvalue>=10.0*scale && exp<=350 ){ scale *= 10.0; exp++; }
          realvalue /= scale;
          while( realvalue<1e-8 ){ realvalue *= 1e8; exp-=8; }
          while( realvalue<1.0 ){ realvalue *= 10.0; exp--; }
          if( exp>350 ){

            bufpt = buf;
            buf[0] = prefix;
            memcpy(buf+(prefix!=0),"Inf",4);
            length = 3+(prefix!=0);




            break;
          }
        }
        bufpt = buf;
        /*
        ** If the field type is etGENERIC, then convert to either etEXP
        ** or etFLOAT, as appropriate.
................................................................................
        buf[0] = c;
        bufpt = buf;
        break;
      case etSTRING:
      case etDYNSTRING:
        if( bArgList ){
          bufpt = getTextArg(pArgList);
          xtype = etSTRING;
        }else{
          bufpt = va_arg(ap,char*);
        }
        if( bufpt==0 ){
          bufpt = "";
        }else if( xtype==etDYNSTRING ){
          zExtra = bufpt;
        }
        if( precision>=0 ){
          for(length=0; length<precision && bufpt[length]; length++){}
        }else{
          length = sqlite3Strlen30(bufpt);
        }
        break;
      case etSQLESCAPE:           /* Escape ' characters */
      case etSQLESCAPE2:          /* Escape ' and enclose in '...' */
      case etSQLESCAPE3: {        /* Escape " characters */
        int i, j, k, n, isnull;
        int needQuote;
        char ch;
        char q = ((xtype==etSQLESCAPE3)?'"':'\'');   /* Quote character */
        char *escarg;

        if( bArgList ){
................................................................................
        isnull = escarg==0;
        if( isnull ) escarg = (xtype==etSQLESCAPE2 ? "NULL" : "(NULL)");
        k = precision;
        for(i=n=0; k!=0 && (ch=escarg[i])!=0; i++, k--){
          if( ch==q )  n++;
        }
        needQuote = !isnull && xtype==etSQLESCAPE2;
        n += i + 3;
        if( n>etBUFSIZE ){
          bufpt = zExtra = sqlite3Malloc( n );
          if( bufpt==0 ){
            setStrAccumError(pAccum, STRACCUM_NOMEM);
            return;
          }
        }else{
................................................................................
  fprintf(stdout,"%s", zBuf);
  fflush(stdout);
}
#endif


/*
** variable-argument wrapper around sqlite3VXPrintf().  The bFlags argument
** can contain the bit SQLITE_PRINTF_INTERNAL enable internal formats.
*/
void sqlite3XPrintf(StrAccum *p, u32 bFlags, const char *zFormat, ...){
  va_list ap;
  va_start(ap,zFormat);
  sqlite3VXPrintf(p, bFlags, zFormat, ap);
  va_end(ap);
}

  Vdbe *v,          /* Generate code into this VM */
  int iOffset,      /* Register holding the offset counter */
  int iContinue     /* Jump here to skip the current record */
){
  if( iOffset>0 ){
    int addr;
    addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_IfNeg, iOffset, 0, -1); VdbeCoverage(v);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, iContinue);
    VdbeComment((v, "skip OFFSET records"));
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr);
  }
}

/*
** Add code that will check to make sure the N registers starting at iMem
................................................................................
  int bSeq;                       /* True if sorter record includes seq. no. */
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS
  struct ExprList_item *aOutEx = p->pEList->a;
#endif

  if( pSort->labelBkOut ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, pSort->regReturn, pSort->labelBkOut);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, addrBreak);
    sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, pSort->labelBkOut);
  }
  iTab = pSort->iECursor;
  if( eDest==SRT_Output || eDest==SRT_Coroutine ){
    regRowid = 0;
    regRow = pDest->iSdst;
    nSortData = nColumn;
................................................................................
    p->iLimit = iLimit = ++pParse->nMem;
    v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
    assert( v!=0 );
    if( sqlite3ExprIsInteger(p->pLimit, &n) ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, n, iLimit);
      VdbeComment((v, "LIMIT counter"));
      if( n==0 ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, iBreak);
      }else if( n>=0 && p->nSelectRow>(u64)n ){
        p->nSelectRow = n;
      }
    }else{
      sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, p->pLimit, iLimit);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_MustBeInt, iLimit); VdbeCoverage(v);
      VdbeComment((v, "LIMIT counter"));
................................................................................
    p->pPrior = 0;
    sqlite3Select(pParse, p, &destQueue);
    assert( p->pPrior==0 );
    p->pPrior = pSetup;
  }

  /* Keep running the loop until the Queue is empty */
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, addrTop);
  sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, addrBreak);

end_of_recursive_query:
  sqlite3ExprListDelete(pParse->db, p->pOrderBy);
  p->pOrderBy = pOrderBy;
  p->pLimit = pLimit;
  p->pOffset = pOffset;
................................................................................
  if( op==TK_EXCEPT || op==TK_INTERSECT ){
    addrEofA_noB = addrEofA = labelEnd;
  }else{  
    VdbeNoopComment((v, "eof-A subroutine"));
    addrEofA = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, regOutB, addrOutB);
    addrEofA_noB = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Yield, regAddrB, labelEnd);
                                     VdbeCoverage(v);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, addrEofA);
    p->nSelectRow += pPrior->nSelectRow;
  }

  /* Generate a subroutine to run when the results from select B
  ** are exhausted and only data in select A remains.
  */
  if( op==TK_INTERSECT ){
    addrEofB = addrEofA;
    if( p->nSelectRow > pPrior->nSelectRow ) p->nSelectRow = pPrior->nSelectRow;
  }else{  
    VdbeNoopComment((v, "eof-B subroutine"));
    addrEofB = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, regOutA, addrOutA);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Yield, regAddrA, labelEnd); VdbeCoverage(v);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, addrEofB);
  }

  /* Generate code to handle the case of A<B
  */
  VdbeNoopComment((v, "A-lt-B subroutine"));
  addrAltB = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, regOutA, addrOutA);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Yield, regAddrA, addrEofA); VdbeCoverage(v);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, labelCmpr);

  /* Generate code to handle the case of A==B
  */
  if( op==TK_ALL ){
    addrAeqB = addrAltB;
  }else if( op==TK_INTERSECT ){
    addrAeqB = addrAltB;
    addrAltB++;
  }else{
    VdbeNoopComment((v, "A-eq-B subroutine"));
    addrAeqB =
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Yield, regAddrA, addrEofA); VdbeCoverage(v);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, labelCmpr);
  }

  /* Generate code to handle the case of A>B
  */
  VdbeNoopComment((v, "A-gt-B subroutine"));
  addrAgtB = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
  if( op==TK_ALL || op==TK_UNION ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, regOutB, addrOutB);
  }
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Yield, regAddrB, addrEofB); VdbeCoverage(v);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, labelCmpr);

  /* This code runs once to initialize everything.
  */
  sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, j1);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Yield, regAddrA, addrEofA_noB); VdbeCoverage(v);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Yield, regAddrB, addrEofB); VdbeCoverage(v);

................................................................................

  /* Set the limiter.
  */
  iEnd = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
  p->nSelectRow = LARGEST_INT64;
  computeLimitRegisters(pParse, p, iEnd);
  if( p->iLimit==0 && sSort.addrSortIndex>=0 ){
    sqlite3VdbeGetOp(v, sSort.addrSortIndex)->opcode = OP_SorterOpen;
    sSort.sortFlags |= SORTFLAG_UseSorter;
  }

  /* Open an ephemeral index to use for the distinct set.
  */
  if( p->selFlags & SF_Distinct ){
    sDistinct.tabTnct = pParse->nTab++;
................................................................................
      /* Output the final row of result
      */
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, regOutputRow, addrOutputRow);
      VdbeComment((v, "output final row"));

      /* Jump over the subroutines
      */
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, addrEnd);

      /* Generate a subroutine that outputs a single row of the result
      ** set.  This subroutine first looks at the iUseFlag.  If iUseFlag
      ** is less than or equal to zero, the subroutine is a no-op.  If
      ** the processing calls for the query to abort, this subroutine
      ** increments the iAbortFlag memory location before returning in
      ** order to signal the caller to abort.
................................................................................
        if( pWInfo==0 ){
          sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pDel);
          goto select_end;
        }
        updateAccumulator(pParse, &sAggInfo);
        assert( pMinMax==0 || pMinMax->nExpr==1 );
        if( sqlite3WhereIsOrdered(pWInfo)>0 ){
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, sqlite3WhereBreakLabel(pWInfo));
          VdbeComment((v, "%s() by index",
                (flag==WHERE_ORDERBY_MIN?"min":"max")));
        }
        sqlite3WhereEnd(pWInfo);
        finalizeAggFunctions(pParse, &sAggInfo);
      }

  Vdbe *v,          /* Generate code into this VM */
  int iOffset,      /* Register holding the offset counter */
  int iContinue     /* Jump here to skip the current record */
){
  if( iOffset>0 ){
    int addr;
    addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_IfNeg, iOffset, 0, -1); VdbeCoverage(v);
    sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, iContinue);
    VdbeComment((v, "skip OFFSET records"));
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr);
  }
}

/*
** Add code that will check to make sure the N registers starting at iMem
................................................................................
  int bSeq;                       /* True if sorter record includes seq. no. */
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS
  struct ExprList_item *aOutEx = p->pEList->a;
#endif

  if( pSort->labelBkOut ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, pSort->regReturn, pSort->labelBkOut);
    sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, addrBreak);
    sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, pSort->labelBkOut);
  }
  iTab = pSort->iECursor;
  if( eDest==SRT_Output || eDest==SRT_Coroutine ){
    regRowid = 0;
    regRow = pDest->iSdst;
    nSortData = nColumn;
................................................................................
    p->iLimit = iLimit = ++pParse->nMem;
    v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
    assert( v!=0 );
    if( sqlite3ExprIsInteger(p->pLimit, &n) ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, n, iLimit);
      VdbeComment((v, "LIMIT counter"));
      if( n==0 ){
        sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, iBreak);
      }else if( n>=0 && p->nSelectRow>(u64)n ){
        p->nSelectRow = n;
      }
    }else{
      sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, p->pLimit, iLimit);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_MustBeInt, iLimit); VdbeCoverage(v);
      VdbeComment((v, "LIMIT counter"));
................................................................................
    p->pPrior = 0;
    sqlite3Select(pParse, p, &destQueue);
    assert( p->pPrior==0 );
    p->pPrior = pSetup;
  }

  /* Keep running the loop until the Queue is empty */
  sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, addrTop);
  sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, addrBreak);

end_of_recursive_query:
  sqlite3ExprListDelete(pParse->db, p->pOrderBy);
  p->pOrderBy = pOrderBy;
  p->pLimit = pLimit;
  p->pOffset = pOffset;
................................................................................
  if( op==TK_EXCEPT || op==TK_INTERSECT ){
    addrEofA_noB = addrEofA = labelEnd;
  }else{  
    VdbeNoopComment((v, "eof-A subroutine"));
    addrEofA = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, regOutB, addrOutB);
    addrEofA_noB = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Yield, regAddrB, labelEnd);
                                     VdbeCoverage(v);
    sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, addrEofA);
    p->nSelectRow += pPrior->nSelectRow;
  }

  /* Generate a subroutine to run when the results from select B
  ** are exhausted and only data in select A remains.
  */
  if( op==TK_INTERSECT ){
    addrEofB = addrEofA;
    if( p->nSelectRow > pPrior->nSelectRow ) p->nSelectRow = pPrior->nSelectRow;
  }else{  
    VdbeNoopComment((v, "eof-B subroutine"));
    addrEofB = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, regOutA, addrOutA);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Yield, regAddrA, labelEnd); VdbeCoverage(v);
    sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, addrEofB);
  }

  /* Generate code to handle the case of A<B
  */
  VdbeNoopComment((v, "A-lt-B subroutine"));
  addrAltB = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, regOutA, addrOutA);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Yield, regAddrA, addrEofA); VdbeCoverage(v);
  sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, labelCmpr);

  /* Generate code to handle the case of A==B
  */
  if( op==TK_ALL ){
    addrAeqB = addrAltB;
  }else if( op==TK_INTERSECT ){
    addrAeqB = addrAltB;
    addrAltB++;
  }else{
    VdbeNoopComment((v, "A-eq-B subroutine"));
    addrAeqB =
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Yield, regAddrA, addrEofA); VdbeCoverage(v);
    sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, labelCmpr);
  }

  /* Generate code to handle the case of A>B
  */
  VdbeNoopComment((v, "A-gt-B subroutine"));
  addrAgtB = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
  if( op==TK_ALL || op==TK_UNION ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, regOutB, addrOutB);
  }
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Yield, regAddrB, addrEofB); VdbeCoverage(v);
  sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, labelCmpr);

  /* This code runs once to initialize everything.
  */
  sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, j1);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Yield, regAddrA, addrEofA_noB); VdbeCoverage(v);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Yield, regAddrB, addrEofB); VdbeCoverage(v);

................................................................................

  /* Set the limiter.
  */
  iEnd = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
  p->nSelectRow = LARGEST_INT64;
  computeLimitRegisters(pParse, p, iEnd);
  if( p->iLimit==0 && sSort.addrSortIndex>=0 ){
    sqlite3VdbeChangeOpcode(v, sSort.addrSortIndex, OP_SorterOpen);
    sSort.sortFlags |= SORTFLAG_UseSorter;
  }

  /* Open an ephemeral index to use for the distinct set.
  */
  if( p->selFlags & SF_Distinct ){
    sDistinct.tabTnct = pParse->nTab++;
................................................................................
      /* Output the final row of result
      */
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, regOutputRow, addrOutputRow);
      VdbeComment((v, "output final row"));

      /* Jump over the subroutines
      */
      sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, addrEnd);

      /* Generate a subroutine that outputs a single row of the result
      ** set.  This subroutine first looks at the iUseFlag.  If iUseFlag
      ** is less than or equal to zero, the subroutine is a no-op.  If
      ** the processing calls for the query to abort, this subroutine
      ** increments the iAbortFlag memory location before returning in
      ** order to signal the caller to abort.
................................................................................
        if( pWInfo==0 ){
          sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pDel);
          goto select_end;
        }
        updateAccumulator(pParse, &sAggInfo);
        assert( pMinMax==0 || pMinMax->nExpr==1 );
        if( sqlite3WhereIsOrdered(pWInfo)>0 ){
          sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, sqlite3WhereBreakLabel(pWInfo));
          VdbeComment((v, "%s() by index",
                (flag==WHERE_ORDERBY_MIN?"min":"max")));
        }
        sqlite3WhereEnd(pWInfo);
        finalizeAggFunctions(pParse, &sAggInfo);
      }

  */
  if( okOnePass ){
    /* Nothing to do at end-of-loop for a single-pass */
  }else if( pPk ){
    sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, labelContinue);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, iEph, addrTop); VdbeCoverage(v);
  }else{
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, labelContinue);
  }
  sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, labelBreak);

  /* Close all tables */
  for(i=0, pIdx=pTab->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext, i++){
    assert( aRegIdx );
    if( aToOpen[i+1] ){

  */
  if( okOnePass ){
    /* Nothing to do at end-of-loop for a single-pass */
  }else if( pPk ){
    sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, labelContinue);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, iEph, addrTop); VdbeCoverage(v);
  }else{
    sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, labelContinue);
  }
  sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, labelBreak);

  /* Close all tables */
  for(i=0, pIdx=pTab->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext, i++){
    assert( aRegIdx );
    if( aToOpen[i+1] ){

}

/*
** Return the number of bytes that will be needed to store the given
** 64-bit integer.
*/
int sqlite3VarintLen(u64 v){
  int i = 0;
  do{
    i++;
    v >>= 7;
  }while( v!=0 && ALWAYS(i<9) );
  return i;
}


/*
** Read or write a four-byte big-endian integer value.
*/

}

/*
** Return the number of bytes that will be needed to store the given
** 64-bit integer.
*/
int sqlite3VarintLen(u64 v){
  int i;
  for(i=1; (v >>= 7)!=0; i++){ assert( i<9 ); }



  return i;
}


/*
** Read or write a four-byte big-endian integer value.
*/

** Prototypes for the VDBE interface.  See comments on the implementation
** for a description of what each of these routines does.
*/
Vdbe *sqlite3VdbeCreate(Parse*);
int sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(Vdbe*,int);
int sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(Vdbe*,int,int);
int sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(Vdbe*,int,int,int);



int sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(Vdbe*,int,int,int,int);
int sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(Vdbe*,int,int,int,int,const char *zP4,int);
int sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Dup8(Vdbe*,int,int,int,int,const u8*,int);
int sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(Vdbe*,int,int,int,int,int);
int sqlite3VdbeAddOpList(Vdbe*, int nOp, VdbeOpList const *aOp, int iLineno);
void sqlite3VdbeAddParseSchemaOp(Vdbe*,int,char*);

void sqlite3VdbeChangeP1(Vdbe*, u32 addr, int P1);
void sqlite3VdbeChangeP2(Vdbe*, u32 addr, int P2);
void sqlite3VdbeChangeP3(Vdbe*, u32 addr, int P3);
void sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(Vdbe*, u8 P5);
void sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(Vdbe*, int addr);
void sqlite3VdbeChangeToNoop(Vdbe*, int addr);
int sqlite3VdbeDeletePriorOpcode(Vdbe*, u8 op);

** Prototypes for the VDBE interface.  See comments on the implementation
** for a description of what each of these routines does.
*/
Vdbe *sqlite3VdbeCreate(Parse*);
int sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(Vdbe*,int);
int sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(Vdbe*,int,int);
int sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(Vdbe*,int,int,int);
int sqlite3VdbeGoto(Vdbe*,int);
int sqlite3VdbeLoadString(Vdbe*,int,const char*);
void sqlite3VdbeMultiLoad(Vdbe*,int,const char*,...);
int sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(Vdbe*,int,int,int,int);
int sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(Vdbe*,int,int,int,int,const char *zP4,int);
int sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Dup8(Vdbe*,int,int,int,int,const u8*,int);
int sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(Vdbe*,int,int,int,int,int);
int sqlite3VdbeAddOpList(Vdbe*, int nOp, VdbeOpList const *aOp, int iLineno);
void sqlite3VdbeAddParseSchemaOp(Vdbe*,int,char*);
void sqlite3VdbeChangeOpcode(Vdbe*, u32 addr, u8);
void sqlite3VdbeChangeP1(Vdbe*, u32 addr, int P1);
void sqlite3VdbeChangeP2(Vdbe*, u32 addr, int P2);
void sqlite3VdbeChangeP3(Vdbe*, u32 addr, int P3);
void sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(Vdbe*, u8 P5);
void sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(Vdbe*, int addr);
void sqlite3VdbeChangeToNoop(Vdbe*, int addr);
int sqlite3VdbeDeletePriorOpcode(Vdbe*, u8 op);

}

/*
** Return the SQL associated with a prepared statement
*/
const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt){
  Vdbe *p = (Vdbe *)pStmt;
  return (p && p->isPrepareV2) ? p->zSql : 0;
}

/*
** Swap all content between two VDBE structures.
*/
void sqlite3VdbeSwap(Vdbe *pA, Vdbe *pB){
  Vdbe tmp, *pTmp;
................................................................................
int sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(Vdbe *p, int op, int p1){
  return sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(p, op, p1, 0, 0);
}
int sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(Vdbe *p, int op, int p1, int p2){
  return sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(p, op, p1, p2, 0);
}








































/*
** Add an opcode that includes the p4 value as a pointer.
*/
int sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(
  Vdbe *p,            /* Add the opcode to this VM */
  int op,             /* The new opcode */
................................................................................
){
  int addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(p, op, p1, p2, p3);
  sqlite3VdbeChangeP4(p, addr, zP4, p4type);
  return addr;
}

/*
** Add an opcode that includes the p4 value with a P4_INT64 type.

*/
int sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Dup8(
  Vdbe *p,            /* Add the opcode to this VM */
  int op,             /* The new opcode */
  int p1,             /* The P1 operand */
  int p2,             /* The P2 operand */
  int p3,             /* The P3 operand */
................................................................................
** a prior call to sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel().
*/
void sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(Vdbe *v, int x){
  Parse *p = v->pParse;
  int j = -1-x;
  assert( v->magic==VDBE_MAGIC_INIT );
  assert( j<p->nLabel );

  if( ALWAYS(j>=0) && p->aLabel ){
    p->aLabel[j] = v->nOp;
  }
  p->iFixedOp = v->nOp - 1;
}

/*
** Mark the VDBE as one that can only be run one time.
................................................................................
  ** from failing.  */
  return ( v->db->mallocFailed || hasAbort==mayAbort || hasFkCounter
              || (hasCreateTable && hasInitCoroutine) );
}
#endif /* SQLITE_DEBUG - the sqlite3AssertMayAbort() function */

/*
** Loop through the program looking for P2 values that are negative
** on jump instructions.  Each such value is a label.  Resolve the
** label by setting the P2 value to its correct non-zero value.
**

** This routine is called once after all opcodes have been inserted.
**
** Variable *pMaxFuncArgs is set to the maximum value of any P2 argument 
** to an OP_Function, OP_AggStep or OP_VFilter opcode. This is used by 
** sqlite3VdbeMakeReady() to size the Vdbe.apArg[] array.


**
** The Op.opflags field is set on all opcodes.



*/
static void resolveP2Values(Vdbe *p, int *pMaxFuncArgs){
  int i;
  int nMaxArgs = *pMaxFuncArgs;
  Op *pOp;
  Parse *pParse = p->pParse;
  int *aLabel = pParse->aLabel;
................................................................................
}

/*
** Add a whole list of operations to the operation stack.  Return the
** address of the first operation added.
*/
int sqlite3VdbeAddOpList(Vdbe *p, int nOp, VdbeOpList const *aOp, int iLineno){
  int addr;


  assert( p->magic==VDBE_MAGIC_INIT );
  if( p->nOp + nOp > p->pParse->nOpAlloc && growOpArray(p, nOp) ){
    return 0;
  }
  addr = p->nOp;
  if( ALWAYS(nOp>0) ){
    int i;
    VdbeOpList const *pIn = aOp;
    for(i=0; i<nOp; i++, pIn++){
      int p2 = pIn->p2;
      VdbeOp *pOut = &p->aOp[i+addr];
      pOut->opcode = pIn->opcode;
      pOut->p1 = pIn->p1;
      if( p2<0 ){
        assert( sqlite3OpcodeProperty[pOut->opcode] & OPFLG_JUMP );
        pOut->p2 = addr + ADDR(p2);
      }else{
        pOut->p2 = p2;
      }
      pOut->p3 = pIn->p3;
      pOut->p4type = P4_NOTUSED;
      pOut->p4.p = 0;
      pOut->p5 = 0;
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS
      pOut->zComment = 0;
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_VDBE_COVERAGE
      pOut->iSrcLine = iLineno+i;
#else
      (void)iLineno;
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
      if( p->db->flags & SQLITE_VdbeAddopTrace ){
        sqlite3VdbePrintOp(0, i+addr, &p->aOp[i+addr]);
      }
#endif
    }
    p->nOp += nOp;
  }
  return addr;
}

#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS)
/*
** Add an entry to the array of counters managed by sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus().
*/
................................................................................
    p->aScan = aNew;
  }
}
#endif


/*

** Change the value of the P1 operand for a specific instruction.
** This routine is useful when a large program is loaded from a
** static array using sqlite3VdbeAddOpList but we want to make a
** few minor changes to the program.
*/
void sqlite3VdbeChangeP1(Vdbe *p, u32 addr, int val){
  assert( p!=0 );
  if( ((u32)p->nOp)>addr ){
    p->aOp[addr].p1 = val;

  }


}

/*
** Change the value of the P2 operand for a specific instruction.
** This routine is useful for setting a jump destination.
*/
void sqlite3VdbeChangeP2(Vdbe *p, u32 addr, int val){
  assert( p!=0 );
  if( ((u32)p->nOp)>addr ){
    p->aOp[addr].p2 = val;

  }
}

/*
** Change the value of the P3 operand for a specific instruction.
*/
void sqlite3VdbeChangeP3(Vdbe *p, u32 addr, int val){
  assert( p!=0 );
  if( ((u32)p->nOp)>addr ){
    p->aOp[addr].p3 = val;

  }
}

/*
** Change the value of the P5 operand for the most recently
** added operation.
*/
void sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(Vdbe *p, u8 val){
  assert( p!=0 );
  if( p->aOp ){
    assert( p->nOp>0 );
    p->aOp[p->nOp-1].p5 = val;
  }

}

/*
** Change the P2 operand of instruction addr so that it points to
** the address of the next instruction to be coded.
*/
void sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(Vdbe *p, int addr){
  sqlite3VdbeChangeP2(p, addr, p->nOp);
  p->pParse->iFixedOp = p->nOp - 1;

}


/*
** If the input FuncDef structure is ephemeral, then free it.  If
** the FuncDef is not ephermal, then do nothing.
*/

}

/*
** Return the SQL associated with a prepared statement
*/
const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt){
  Vdbe *p = (Vdbe *)pStmt;
  return p ? p->zSql : 0;
}

/*
** Swap all content between two VDBE structures.
*/
void sqlite3VdbeSwap(Vdbe *pA, Vdbe *pB){
  Vdbe tmp, *pTmp;
................................................................................
int sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(Vdbe *p, int op, int p1){
  return sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(p, op, p1, 0, 0);
}
int sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(Vdbe *p, int op, int p1, int p2){
  return sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(p, op, p1, p2, 0);
}

/* Generate code for an unconditional jump to instruction iDest
*/
int sqlite3VdbeGoto(Vdbe *p, int iDest){
  return sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(p, OP_Goto, 0, iDest, 0);
}

/* Generate code to cause the string zStr to be loaded into
** register iDest
*/
int sqlite3VdbeLoadString(Vdbe *p, int iDest, const char *zStr){
  return sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(p, OP_String8, 0, iDest, 0, zStr, 0);
}

/*
** Generate code that initializes multiple registers to string or integer
** constants.  The registers begin with iDest and increase consecutively.
** One register is initialized for each characgter in zTypes[].  For each
** "s" character in zTypes[], the register is a string if the argument is
** not NULL, or OP_Null if the value is a null pointer.  For each "i" character
** in zTypes[], the register is initialized to an integer.
*/
void sqlite3VdbeMultiLoad(Vdbe *p, int iDest, const char *zTypes, ...){
  va_list ap;
  int i;
  char c;
  va_start(ap, zTypes);
  for(i=0; (c = zTypes[i])!=0; i++){
    if( c=='s' ){
      const char *z = va_arg(ap, const char*);
      int addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(p, z==0 ? OP_Null : OP_String8, 0, iDest++);
      if( z ) sqlite3VdbeChangeP4(p, addr, z, 0);
    }else{
      assert( c=='i' );
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(p, OP_Integer, va_arg(ap, int), iDest++);
    }
  }
  va_end(ap);
}

/*
** Add an opcode that includes the p4 value as a pointer.
*/
int sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(
  Vdbe *p,            /* Add the opcode to this VM */
  int op,             /* The new opcode */
................................................................................
){
  int addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(p, op, p1, p2, p3);
  sqlite3VdbeChangeP4(p, addr, zP4, p4type);
  return addr;
}

/*
** Add an opcode that includes the p4 value with a P4_INT64 or
** P4_REAL type.
*/
int sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Dup8(
  Vdbe *p,            /* Add the opcode to this VM */
  int op,             /* The new opcode */
  int p1,             /* The P1 operand */
  int p2,             /* The P2 operand */
  int p3,             /* The P3 operand */
................................................................................
** a prior call to sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel().
*/
void sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(Vdbe *v, int x){
  Parse *p = v->pParse;
  int j = -1-x;
  assert( v->magic==VDBE_MAGIC_INIT );
  assert( j<p->nLabel );
  assert( j>=0 );
  if( p->aLabel ){
    p->aLabel[j] = v->nOp;
  }
  p->iFixedOp = v->nOp - 1;
}

/*
** Mark the VDBE as one that can only be run one time.
................................................................................
  ** from failing.  */
  return ( v->db->mallocFailed || hasAbort==mayAbort || hasFkCounter
              || (hasCreateTable && hasInitCoroutine) );
}
#endif /* SQLITE_DEBUG - the sqlite3AssertMayAbort() function */

/*
** This routine is called after all opcodes have been inserted.  It loops
** through all the opcodes and fixes up some details.

**
** (1) For each jump instruction with a negative P2 value (a label)
**     resolve the P2 value to an actual address.
**
** (2) Compute the maximum number of arguments used by any SQL function
**     and store that value in *pMaxFuncArgs.
**
** (3) Update the Vdbe.readOnly and Vdbe.bIsReader flags to accurately
**     indicate what the prepared statement actually does.
**

** (4) Initialize the p4.xAdvance pointer on opcodes that use it.
**
** (5) Reclaim the memory allocated for storing labels.
*/
static void resolveP2Values(Vdbe *p, int *pMaxFuncArgs){
  int i;
  int nMaxArgs = *pMaxFuncArgs;
  Op *pOp;
  Parse *pParse = p->pParse;
  int *aLabel = pParse->aLabel;
................................................................................
}

/*
** Add a whole list of operations to the operation stack.  Return the
** address of the first operation added.
*/
int sqlite3VdbeAddOpList(Vdbe *p, int nOp, VdbeOpList const *aOp, int iLineno){
  int addr, i;
  VdbeOp *pOut;
  assert( nOp>0 );
  assert( p->magic==VDBE_MAGIC_INIT );
  if( p->nOp + nOp > p->pParse->nOpAlloc && growOpArray(p, nOp) ){
    return 0;
  }
  addr = p->nOp;
  pOut = &p->aOp[addr];


  for(i=0; i<nOp; i++, aOp++, pOut++){
    int p2 = aOp->p2;

    pOut->opcode = aOp->opcode;
    pOut->p1 = aOp->p1;
    if( p2<0 ){
      assert( sqlite3OpcodeProperty[pOut->opcode] & OPFLG_JUMP );
      pOut->p2 = addr + ADDR(p2);
    }else{
      pOut->p2 = p2;
    }
    pOut->p3 = aOp->p3;
    pOut->p4type = P4_NOTUSED;
    pOut->p4.p = 0;
    pOut->p5 = 0;
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS
    pOut->zComment = 0;
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_VDBE_COVERAGE
    pOut->iSrcLine = iLineno+i;
#else
    (void)iLineno;
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
    if( p->db->flags & SQLITE_VdbeAddopTrace ){
      sqlite3VdbePrintOp(0, i+addr, &p->aOp[i+addr]);
    }
#endif
  }
  p->nOp += nOp;

  return addr;
}

#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS)
/*
** Add an entry to the array of counters managed by sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus().
*/
................................................................................
    p->aScan = aNew;
  }
}
#endif


/*
** Change the value of the opcode, or P1, P2, P3, or P5 operands
** for a specific instruction.



*/
void sqlite3VdbeChangeOpcode(Vdbe *p, u32 addr, u8 iNewOpcode){



  sqlite3VdbeGetOp(p,addr)->opcode = iNewOpcode;
}
void sqlite3VdbeChangeP1(Vdbe *p, u32 addr, int val){
  sqlite3VdbeGetOp(p,addr)->p1 = val;
}





void sqlite3VdbeChangeP2(Vdbe *p, u32 addr, int val){



  sqlite3VdbeGetOp(p,addr)->p2 = val;
}





void sqlite3VdbeChangeP3(Vdbe *p, u32 addr, int val){



  sqlite3VdbeGetOp(p,addr)->p3 = val;
}






void sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(Vdbe *p, u8 p5){





  sqlite3VdbeGetOp(p,-1)->p5 = p5;
}

/*
** Change the P2 operand of instruction addr so that it points to
** the address of the next instruction to be coded.
*/
void sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(Vdbe *p, int addr){

  p->pParse->iFixedOp = p->nOp - 1;
  sqlite3VdbeChangeP2(p, addr, p->nOp);
}


/*
** If the input FuncDef structure is ephemeral, then free it.  If
** the FuncDef is not ephermal, then do nothing.
*/

    sqlite3ChangeCookie(pParse, iDb);

    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Expire, 0, 0);
    zWhere = sqlite3MPrintf(db, "name='%q' AND type='table'", pTab->zName);
    sqlite3VdbeAddParseSchemaOp(v, iDb, zWhere);

    iReg = ++pParse->nMem;
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, iReg, 0, pTab->zName, 0);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_VCreate, iDb, iReg);
  }

  /* If we are rereading the sqlite_master table create the in-memory
  ** record of the table. The xConnect() method is not called until
  ** the first time the virtual table is used in an SQL statement. This
  ** allows a schema that contains virtual tables to be loaded before

    sqlite3ChangeCookie(pParse, iDb);

    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Expire, 0, 0);
    zWhere = sqlite3MPrintf(db, "name='%q' AND type='table'", pTab->zName);
    sqlite3VdbeAddParseSchemaOp(v, iDb, zWhere);

    iReg = ++pParse->nMem;
    sqlite3VdbeLoadString(v, iReg, pTab->zName);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_VCreate, iDb, iReg);
  }

  /* If we are rereading the sqlite_master table create the in-memory
  ** record of the table. The xConnect() method is not called until
  ** the first time the virtual table is used in an SQL statement. This
  ** allows a schema that contains virtual tables to be loaded before

  regRecord = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
  sqlite3GenerateIndexKey(pParse, pIdx, pLevel->iTabCur, regRecord, 0, 0, 0, 0);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IdxInsert, pLevel->iIdxCur, regRecord);
  sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, OPFLAG_USESEEKRESULT);
  if( pPartial ) sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, iContinue);
  if( pTabItem->fg.viaCoroutine ){
    translateColumnToCopy(v, addrTop, pLevel->iTabCur, pTabItem->regResult);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, addrTop);
    pTabItem->fg.viaCoroutine = 0;
  }else{
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, pLevel->iTabCur, addrTop+1); VdbeCoverage(v);
  }
  sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX);
  sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrTop);
  sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regRecord);
................................................................................
        VdbeCoverageIf(v, pIn->eEndLoopOp==OP_PrevIfOpen);
        VdbeCoverageIf(v, pIn->eEndLoopOp==OP_NextIfOpen);
        sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, pIn->addrInTop-1);
      }
    }
    sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, pLevel->addrBrk);
    if( pLevel->addrSkip ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, pLevel->addrSkip);
      VdbeComment((v, "next skip-scan on %s", pLoop->u.btree.pIndex->zName));
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, pLevel->addrSkip);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, pLevel->addrSkip-2);
    }
    if( pLevel->addrLikeRep ){
      int op;
      if( sqlite3VdbeGetOp(v, pLevel->addrLikeRep-1)->p1 ){
................................................................................
      }
      if( pLoop->wsFlags & WHERE_INDEXED ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_NullRow, pLevel->iIdxCur);
      }
      if( pLevel->op==OP_Return ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, pLevel->p1, pLevel->addrFirst);
      }else{
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, pLevel->addrFirst);
      }
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr);
    }
    VdbeModuleComment((v, "End WHERE-loop%d: %s", i,
                     pWInfo->pTabList->a[pLevel->iFrom].pTab->zName));
  }

  regRecord = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
  sqlite3GenerateIndexKey(pParse, pIdx, pLevel->iTabCur, regRecord, 0, 0, 0, 0);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IdxInsert, pLevel->iIdxCur, regRecord);
  sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, OPFLAG_USESEEKRESULT);
  if( pPartial ) sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, iContinue);
  if( pTabItem->fg.viaCoroutine ){
    translateColumnToCopy(v, addrTop, pLevel->iTabCur, pTabItem->regResult);
    sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, addrTop);
    pTabItem->fg.viaCoroutine = 0;
  }else{
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, pLevel->iTabCur, addrTop+1); VdbeCoverage(v);
  }
  sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX);
  sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrTop);
  sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regRecord);
................................................................................
        VdbeCoverageIf(v, pIn->eEndLoopOp==OP_PrevIfOpen);
        VdbeCoverageIf(v, pIn->eEndLoopOp==OP_NextIfOpen);
        sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, pIn->addrInTop-1);
      }
    }
    sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, pLevel->addrBrk);
    if( pLevel->addrSkip ){
      sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, pLevel->addrSkip);
      VdbeComment((v, "next skip-scan on %s", pLoop->u.btree.pIndex->zName));
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, pLevel->addrSkip);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, pLevel->addrSkip-2);
    }
    if( pLevel->addrLikeRep ){
      int op;
      if( sqlite3VdbeGetOp(v, pLevel->addrLikeRep-1)->p1 ){
................................................................................
      }
      if( pLoop->wsFlags & WHERE_INDEXED ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_NullRow, pLevel->iIdxCur);
      }
      if( pLevel->op==OP_Return ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, pLevel->p1, pLevel->addrFirst);
      }else{
        sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, pLevel->addrFirst);
      }
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr);
    }
    VdbeModuleComment((v, "End WHERE-loop%d: %s", i,
                     pWInfo->pTabList->a[pLevel->iFrom].pTab->zName));
  }

  u16 nSkip = pLoop->nSkip;
  int i, j;

  if( nEq==0 && (pLoop->wsFlags&(WHERE_BTM_LIMIT|WHERE_TOP_LIMIT))==0 ) return;
  sqlite3StrAccumAppend(pStr, " (", 2);
  for(i=0; i<nEq; i++){
    const char *z = explainIndexColumnName(pIndex, i);
    if( i>=nSkip ){
      explainAppendTerm(pStr, i, z, "=");
    }else{
      if( i ) sqlite3StrAccumAppend(pStr, " AND ", 5);
      sqlite3XPrintf(pStr, 0, "ANY(%s)", z);
    }
  }

  j = i;
  if( pLoop->wsFlags&WHERE_BTM_LIMIT ){
    const char *z = explainIndexColumnName(pIndex, i);
    explainAppendTerm(pStr, i++, z, ">");
  }
................................................................................
      }
      if( zFmt ){
        sqlite3StrAccumAppend(&str, " USING ", 7);
        sqlite3XPrintf(&str, 0, zFmt, pIdx->zName);
        explainIndexRange(&str, pLoop, pItem->pTab);
      }
    }else if( (flags & WHERE_IPK)!=0 && (flags & WHERE_CONSTRAINT)!=0 ){
      const char *zRange;
      if( flags&(WHERE_COLUMN_EQ|WHERE_COLUMN_IN) ){
        zRange = "(rowid=?)";
      }else if( (flags&WHERE_BOTH_LIMIT)==WHERE_BOTH_LIMIT ){
        zRange = "(rowid>? AND rowid<?)";
      }else if( flags&WHERE_BTM_LIMIT ){
        zRange = "(rowid>?)";
      }else{
        assert( flags&WHERE_TOP_LIMIT);
        zRange = "(rowid<?)";
      }
      sqlite3StrAccumAppendAll(&str, " USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY ");
      sqlite3StrAccumAppendAll(&str, zRange);
    }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
    else if( (flags & WHERE_VIRTUALTABLE)!=0 ){
      sqlite3XPrintf(&str, 0, " VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX %d:%s",
                  pLoop->u.vtab.idxNum, pLoop->u.vtab.idxStr);
    }
#endif
................................................................................
    pLevel->u.pCovidx = pCov;
    if( pCov ) pLevel->iIdxCur = iCovCur;
    if( pAndExpr ){
      pAndExpr->pLeft = 0;
      sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pAndExpr);
    }
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP1(v, iRetInit, sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v));
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, pLevel->addrBrk);
    sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, iLoopBody);

    if( pWInfo->nLevel>1 ) sqlite3StackFree(db, pOrTab);
    if( !untestedTerms ) disableTerm(pLevel, pTerm);
  }else
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_OR_OPTIMIZATION */

  u16 nSkip = pLoop->nSkip;
  int i, j;

  if( nEq==0 && (pLoop->wsFlags&(WHERE_BTM_LIMIT|WHERE_TOP_LIMIT))==0 ) return;
  sqlite3StrAccumAppend(pStr, " (", 2);
  for(i=0; i<nEq; i++){
    const char *z = explainIndexColumnName(pIndex, i);



    if( i ) sqlite3StrAccumAppend(pStr, " AND ", 5);
    sqlite3XPrintf(pStr, 0, i>=nSkip ? "%s=?" : "ANY(%s)", z);

  }

  j = i;
  if( pLoop->wsFlags&WHERE_BTM_LIMIT ){
    const char *z = explainIndexColumnName(pIndex, i);
    explainAppendTerm(pStr, i++, z, ">");
  }
................................................................................
      }
      if( zFmt ){
        sqlite3StrAccumAppend(&str, " USING ", 7);
        sqlite3XPrintf(&str, 0, zFmt, pIdx->zName);
        explainIndexRange(&str, pLoop, pItem->pTab);
      }
    }else if( (flags & WHERE_IPK)!=0 && (flags & WHERE_CONSTRAINT)!=0 ){
      const char *zRangeOp;
      if( flags&(WHERE_COLUMN_EQ|WHERE_COLUMN_IN) ){
        zRangeOp = "=";
      }else if( (flags&WHERE_BOTH_LIMIT)==WHERE_BOTH_LIMIT ){
        zRangeOp = ">? AND rowid<";
      }else if( flags&WHERE_BTM_LIMIT ){
        zRangeOp = ">";
      }else{
        assert( flags&WHERE_TOP_LIMIT);
        zRangeOp = "<";
      }
      sqlite3XPrintf(&str, 0, " USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid%s?)",zRangeOp);

    }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
    else if( (flags & WHERE_VIRTUALTABLE)!=0 ){
      sqlite3XPrintf(&str, 0, " VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX %d:%s",
                  pLoop->u.vtab.idxNum, pLoop->u.vtab.idxStr);
    }
#endif
................................................................................
    pLevel->u.pCovidx = pCov;
    if( pCov ) pLevel->iIdxCur = iCovCur;
    if( pAndExpr ){
      pAndExpr->pLeft = 0;
      sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pAndExpr);
    }
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP1(v, iRetInit, sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v));
    sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, pLevel->addrBrk);
    sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, iLoopBody);

    if( pWInfo->nLevel>1 ) sqlite3StackFree(db, pOrTab);
    if( !untestedTerms ) disableTerm(pLevel, pTerm);
  }else
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_OR_OPTIMIZATION */