Documentation Source Text

<title>SQLite SQL Syntax Requirements</title>

<h1>SQLite Syntax Requirements</h1>

<h2>1.0 Transaction Control</h2>

<h3>1.1 BEGIN</h3>
<h3>1.2 COMMIT</h3>
<h3>1.3 ROLLBACK</h3>

<h2>2.0 Data Definition Language (DDL)</h2>

<h3>2.1 CREATE TABLE</h3>
<h3>2.2 DROP TABLE</h3>
<h3>2.3 CREATE INDEX</h3>
<h3>2.4 DROP INDEX</h3>
<h3>2.5 CREATE VIEW</h3>
<h3>2.6 DROP VIEW</h3>
<h3>2.7 CREATE TRIGGER</h3>
<h3>2.8 DROP TRIGGER</h3>
<h3>2.9 CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE</h3>
<h3>2.10 ALTER TABLE</h3>
<h4>2.11 ALTER TABLE RENAME</h4>
<h4>2.12 ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN</h4>

<h2>3.0 Data Manipulation Language (DML)</h2>

<h3>3.1 INSERT</h3>
<h4>3.1.1 INSERT VALUE</h4>
<h4>3.1.2 INSERT SELECT</h4>
<h3>3.2 DELETE</h3>
<h3>3.3 UPDATE</h3>
<h3>3.4 SELECT</h3>

<h2>4.0 Other Language Elements</h2>

<h3>4.1 VACUUM</h3>
<h3>4.2 ANALYZE</h3>
<h3>4.3 REINDEX</h3>
<h3>4.4 PRAGMA</h3>
<h3>4.5 ATTACH</h3>
<h3>4.6 DETACH</h3>
<h3>4.7 EXPLAIN</h3>
<h3>4.8 EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN</h3>

<h2>5.0 Common Language Subelements</h2>

<h3>5.1 Expressions</h3>
<h3>5.2 Functions</h3>
<h4>5.2.1 Core Scalar Functions</h4>
<h4>5.2.2 Date and Time Functions</h4>
<h4>5.2.3 Aggregate Functions</h4>

  The standard practice in SQL, as with most context-free grammar based
  programming languages, is to resolve ambiguities in tokenizing by
  selecting the option that results in the longest tokens.
} {
  At each step in the SQL tokenization process, SQLite shall extract
  the longest possible token from the remaining input text.
}

tokenreq H41030 {} {
  The tokenizer recognizes tokens one by one and passes them on to the
  parser.  Except whitespace is ignored.  The only use for whitespace
  is as a separator between tokens.
} {
  The tokenizer shall pass each non-WHITESPACE token seen on to the
  parser in the order in which the tokens are seen.
}

tokenreq H41040 {} {
  The tokenizer appends a semicolon to the end of input if necessary.
  This ensures that every SQL statement is terminated by a semicolon.
} {
  When the tokenizer reaches the end of input where the last token sent
  to the parser was not a SEMI token, it shall immediately
  send a SEMI token to the parser.
}

tokenreq H41050 {} {
  An unrecognized token generates an immediate error and aborts the parse.
} {
  When the tokenizer encounters text that is not a valid token, it shall
  cause the [sqlite3_prepare()], [sqlite3_prepare16()], [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
  or higher-level interface call that provoked the SQL parse to fail.
}

</tcl>
<h3>Whitespace tokens</h3>
<tcl>

tokenreq H41100 {} {
  Whitespace has the usual definition.

}
tokenreq H42030 {} {} {
  SQLite shall recognize as a VARIABLE token the shape-sign (u0023)
  followed by a parameter name that does not begin with a
  NUMERIC character.
}

tokenreq L42040 {} {
  The REGISTER token is a special token used internally.  It does not
  appear as part of the published user interface.  Hence, the following
  is a low-level requirement:
} {
  SQLite shall recognize as a REGISTER token a sharp-sign (u0023)
  followed by one or more NUMERIC characters.
}

</tcl>
<h3>Operator tokens</h3>