Documentation Source Text

EXISTS operator evaluates to 1. ^If executing the SELECT would return
no rows at all, then the EXISTS operator evaluates to 0. 

<p>^The number of columns in each row returned by the SELECT statement
(if any) and the specific values returned have no effect on the results
of the EXISTS operator. ^In particular, rows containing NULL values are
not handled any differently from rows without NULL values.














<h3>Table Column Names</h3>

<p>^A column name can be any of the names defined in the [CREATE TABLE]
statement or one of the following special identifiers: "<b>ROWID</b>",
"<b>OID</b>", or "<b>_ROWID_</b>".
^These special identifiers all describe the
unique integer key (the [rowid]) associated with every 
row of every table.
^The special identifiers only refer to the row key if the [CREATE TABLE]
statement does not define a real column with the same name.
^The rowid can be used anywhere a regular
column can be used.</p>

<h3>Subqueries</h3>
<p>^[SELECT] statements can appear in expressions as either the
right-hand operand of the IN or NOT IN operators, as a scalar quantity, or
as the operand of an EXISTS operator.
^As a scalar quantity or the operand of an IN or NOT IN operator,
the SELECT may have only a single column in its
result.  ^Compound SELECTs (connected with keywords like UNION or
EXCEPT) are allowed in any subquery.
^With the EXISTS operator, the columns in the result set of the [SELECT] are
ignored and the expression returns TRUE if one or more rows exist
and FALSE if the result set is empty.
^If no terms in the [SELECT] expression refer to values in the containing
query, then the expression is evaluated once prior to any other
processing and the result is reused as necessary.  ^If the [SELECT] expression
does contain variables from the outer query, then the [SELECT] is reevaluated
every time it is needed.</p>

<p>^When a SELECT appears within an expression but is not the right
operand of an IN or NOT IN operator, then the first row of the result of the
SELECT becomes the value used in the expression.  ^If the SELECT yields
more than one result row, all rows after the first are ignored.  ^If
the SELECT yields no rows, then the value of the SELECT is NULL.</p>

<tcl>hd_fragment castexpr {CAST expression}</tcl>
<h3>CAST expressions</h3>

<p>A CAST expression is used to convert the value of &lt;expr&gt; to 
a different [storage class] in a similar way to the conversion that takes
place when a [column affinity] is applied to a value. ^Application of a CAST