*/
#define PAGER_UNLOCK      0
#define PAGER_SHARED      1   /* same as SHARED_LOCK */
#define PAGER_RESERVED    2   /* same as RESERVED_LOCK */
#define PAGER_EXCLUSIVE   4   /* same as EXCLUSIVE_LOCK */
#define PAGER_SYNCED      5



/*
** A macro used for invoking the codec if there is one
*/
#ifdef SQLITE_HAS_CODEC
# define CODEC1(P,D,N,X,E) \
    if( P->xCodec && P->xCodec(P->pCodec,D,N,X)==0 ){ E; }
# define CODEC2(P,D,N,X,E,O) \
................................................................................
  ** on the file.
  */
  assert( pPager->changeCountDone==0 || pPager->eLock>=RESERVED_LOCK );

  switch( p->eState ){
    case PAGER_NONE:
      assert( !MEMDB );
      assert( !p->tempFile );
      assert( pPager->errCode==SQLITE_OK );
      assert( sqlite3PcacheRefCount(pPager->pPCache)==0 );
      break;

    case PAGER_READER:
      assert( pPager->errCode==SQLITE_OK );

      assert( p->eLock>=SHARED_LOCK || p->noReadlock );
      break;

    case PAGER_WRITER_INITIAL:

      assert( pPager->errCode==SQLITE_OK );
      if( !pagerUseWal(pPager) ){
        assert( p->eLock>=RESERVED_LOCK );
      }
      assert( pPager->dbSize==pPager->dbOrigSize );
      assert( pPager->dbOrigSize==pPager->dbFileSize );
      assert( pPager->setMaster==0 );
      break;

    case PAGER_WRITER_CACHEMOD:

      assert( pPager->errCode==SQLITE_OK );
      if( !pagerUseWal(pPager) ){
        /* It is possible that if journal_mode=wal here that neither the
        ** journal file nor the WAL file are open. This happens during
        ** a rollback transaction that switches from journal_mode=off
        ** to journal_mode=wal.
        */
................................................................................
             || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL 
        );
      }
      assert( pPager->dbOrigSize==pPager->dbFileSize );
      break;

    case PAGER_WRITER_DBMOD:

      assert( pPager->errCode==SQLITE_OK );
      assert( !pagerUseWal(pPager) );
      assert( p->eLock>=EXCLUSIVE_LOCK || pagerUseWal(pPager) );
      assert( isOpen(p->jfd) 
           || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF 
           || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL 
      );
      break;

    case PAGER_WRITER_FINISHED:

      assert( pPager->errCode==SQLITE_OK );
      assert( !pagerUseWal(pPager) );
      assert( p->eLock>=EXCLUSIVE_LOCK || pagerUseWal(pPager) );
      assert( isOpen(p->jfd) 
           || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF 
           || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL 
      );
      break;

    case PAGER_ERROR:
................................................................................
/*
** (gdb) printf "%s", print_pager_state(pPager)
*/
static char *print_pager_state(Pager *p){
  static char zRet[1024];

  sqlite3_snprintf(1024, zRet,
      "State:         %s\n"
      "Lock:          %s\n"
      "Locking mode:  locking_mode=%s\n"
      "Journal mode:  journal_mode=%s\n"
      "Backing store: tempFile=%d memDb=%d useJournal=%d\n"

      , p->eState==PAGER_NONE            ? "NONE" :
        p->eState==PAGER_READER          ? "READER" :
        p->eState==PAGER_WRITER_INITIAL  ? "WRITER_INITIAL" :
        p->eState==PAGER_WRITER_CACHEMOD ? "WRITER_CACHEMOD" :
        p->eState==PAGER_WRITER_DBMOD    ? "WRITER_DBMOD" :
        p->eState==PAGER_WRITER_FINISHED ? "WRITER_FINISHED" :
        p->eState==PAGER_ERROR           ? "ERROR" : "?error?"

      , p->eLock==NO_LOCK         ? "NONE" :
        p->eLock==RESERVED_LOCK   ? "RESERVED" :
        p->eLock==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK  ? "EXCLUSIVE" :
        p->eLock==SHARED_LOCK     ? "SHARED" : "?error?"

      , p->exclusiveMode ? "exclusive" : "normal"
      , p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_MEMORY   ? "memory" :
        p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF      ? "off" :
        p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_DELETE   ? "delete" :
        p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_PERSIST  ? "persist" :
        p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_TRUNCATE ? "truncate" :
        p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL      ? "wal" : "?error?"
      , (int)p->tempFile, (int)p->memDb, (int)p->useJournal

  );

  return zRet;
}
#endif

/*
................................................................................
static int write32bits(sqlite3_file *fd, i64 offset, u32 val){
  char ac[4];
  put32bits(ac, val);
  return sqlite3OsWrite(fd, ac, 4, offset);
}

/*
** If file pFd is open, call sqlite3OsUnlock() on it.


*/
static int osUnlock(Pager *pPager, int eLock){
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;

  if( isOpen(pPager->fd) ){
    assert( pPager->eLock>=eLock );
    assert( eLock!=NO_LOCK || pagerUseWal(pPager)==0 );
    rc = sqlite3OsUnlock(pPager->fd, eLock);
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      pPager->eLock = eLock;
    }

  }
  return rc;
}

static int osLock(Pager *pPager, int eLock){
  int rc;
  assert( eLock==SHARED_LOCK || eLock==RESERVED_LOCK || eLock==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK );
  if( pPager->eLock>=eLock ){
    rc = SQLITE_OK;
  }else{
    rc = sqlite3OsLock(pPager->fd, eLock);
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      pPager->eLock = eLock;
      IOTRACE(("LOCK %p %d\n", pPager, locktype))
    }
  }
  return rc;
}

/*
** This function determines whether or not the atomic-write optimization
................................................................................
  releaseAllSavepoints(pPager);

  if( pagerUseWal(pPager) ){
    assert( !isOpen(pPager->jfd) );
    sqlite3WalEndReadTransaction(pPager->pWal);
    pPager->eState = PAGER_NONE;
  }else if( !pPager->exclusiveMode ){

    int iDc = isOpen(pPager->fd)?sqlite3OsDeviceCharacteristics(pPager->fd):0;

    /* If the operating system support deletion of open files, then
    ** close the journal file when dropping the database lock.  Otherwise
    ** another connection with journal_mode=delete might delete the file
    ** out from under us.
    */
................................................................................
    assert( (PAGER_JOURNALMODE_TRUNCATE & 5)==1 );
    assert( (PAGER_JOURNALMODE_PERSIST  & 5)==1 );
    if( 0==(iDc & SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN)
     || 1!=(pPager->journalMode & 5)
    ){
      sqlite3OsClose(pPager->jfd);
    }

    osUnlock(pPager, NO_LOCK);




    /* The pager state may be changed from PAGER_ERROR to PAGER_NONE here
    ** without clearing the error code. This is intentional - the error
    ** code is cleared and the cache reset in the block below.
    */
    assert( pPager->errCode || pPager->eState!=PAGER_ERROR );
    pPager->changeCountDone = 0;
    pPager->eState = PAGER_NONE;
    IOTRACE(("UNLOCK %p\n", pPager))
  }

  /* If Pager.errCode is set, the contents of the pager cache cannot be
  ** trusted. Now that there are no outstanding references to the pager,
  ** it can safely move back to PAGER_NONE state. This happens in both
  ** normal and exclusive-locking mode.
  */
  if( pPager->errCode && !pPager->tempFile ){
    pager_reset(pPager);
    pPager->changeCountDone = 0;
    pPager->eState = PAGER_NONE;
    pPager->errCode = SQLITE_OK;
  }




}

/*
** This function should be called when an IOERR, CORRUPT or FULL error
** may have occurred. The first argument is a pointer to the pager 
** structure, the second the error-code about to be returned by a pager 
** API function. The value returned is a copy of the second argument 
................................................................................
    */
    rc2 = sqlite3WalEndWriteTransaction(pPager->pWal);
    assert( rc2==SQLITE_OK );
  }
  if( !pPager->exclusiveMode 
   && (!pagerUseWal(pPager) || sqlite3WalExclusiveMode(pPager->pWal, 0))
  ){
    rc2 = osUnlock(pPager, SHARED_LOCK);
    pPager->changeCountDone = 0;
  }
  pPager->eState = PAGER_READER;
  pPager->setMaster = 0;

  return (rc==SQLITE_OK?rc2:rc);
}
................................................................................

  /* If this page has already been played by before during the current
  ** rollback, then don't bother to play it back again.
  */
  if( pDone && (rc = sqlite3BitvecSet(pDone, pgno))!=SQLITE_OK ){
    return rc;
  }
  assert( pPager->eState>=PAGER_WRITER_CACHEMOD );



  /* When playing back page 1, restore the nReserve setting
  */
  if( pgno==1 && pPager->nReserve!=((u8*)aData)[20] ){
    pPager->nReserve = ((u8*)aData)[20];
    pagerReportSize(pPager);
  }
................................................................................
           (isMainJrnl?"main-journal":"sub-journal")
  ));
  if( isMainJrnl ){
    isSynced = pPager->noSync || (*pOffset <= pPager->journalHdr);
  }else{
    isSynced = (pPg==0 || 0==(pPg->flags & PGHDR_NEED_SYNC));
  }
  if( (pPager->eState>=PAGER_WRITER_DBMOD)
   && isOpen(pPager->fd)
   && isSynced
  ){
    i64 ofst = (pgno-1)*(i64)pPager->pageSize;
    testcase( !isSavepnt && pPg!=0 && (pPg->flags&PGHDR_NEED_SYNC)!=0 );
    assert( !pagerUseWal(pPager) );
    rc = sqlite3OsWrite(pPager->fd, (u8*)aData, pPager->pageSize, ofst);
................................................................................
**
** If successful, return SQLITE_OK. If an IO error occurs while modifying
** the database file, return the error code to the caller.
*/
static int pager_truncate(Pager *pPager, Pgno nPage){
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
  assert( pPager->eState!=PAGER_ERROR );



  if( pPager->eState>=PAGER_WRITER_DBMOD && isOpen(pPager->fd) ){

    i64 currentSize, newSize;
    /* TODO: Is it safe to use Pager.dbFileSize here? */
    rc = sqlite3OsFileSize(pPager->fd, &currentSize);
    newSize = pPager->pageSize*(i64)nPage;
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK && currentSize!=newSize ){
      if( currentSize>newSize ){
        rc = sqlite3OsTruncate(pPager->fd, newSize);
................................................................................
    }else{
      rc = sqlite3OsAccess(
          pPager->pVfs, pPager->zWal, SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, &isWal
      );
    }
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      if( isWal ){
        assert( sqlite3PcachePagecount(pPager->pPCache)==0 );
        rc = sqlite3PagerOpenWal(pPager, 0);
        if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
          rc = pagerBeginReadTransaction(pPager);
        }
      }else if( pPager->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL ){
        pPager->journalMode = PAGER_JOURNALMODE_DELETE;
      }
................................................................................
        rc = sqlite3OsFileSize(pPager->fd, &nByte);
        if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) return rc;
      }
      pNew = (char *)sqlite3PageMalloc(pageSize);
      if( !pNew ){
        rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
      }else{
        assert( pPager->eState==PAGER_NONE || pPager->eState==PAGER_READER );
        pager_reset(pPager);
        pPager->dbSize = nByte/pageSize;
        pPager->pageSize = pageSize;
        sqlite3PageFree(pPager->pTmpSpace);
        pPager->pTmpSpace = pNew;
        sqlite3PcacheSetPageSize(pPager->pPCache, pageSize);
      }
................................................................................
  ** sqlite3PagerSetBusyhandler().
  */
  assert( (pPager->eLock>=locktype)
       || (pPager->eLock==NO_LOCK && locktype==SHARED_LOCK)
       || (pPager->eLock==RESERVED_LOCK && locktype==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK)
  );

  if( pPager->eLock>=locktype ){
    rc = SQLITE_OK;
  }else{
    do {
      rc = osLock(pPager, locktype);
    }while( rc==SQLITE_BUSY && pPager->xBusyHandler(pPager->pBusyHandlerArg) );
  }
  return rc;
}

/*
** Function assertTruncateConstraint(pPager) checks that one of the 
** following is true for all dirty pages currently in the page-cache:
**
................................................................................
      ** a RESERVED lock to avoid race conditions and to avoid violating
      ** [H33020].
      */
      rc = pagerPagecount(pPager, &nPage);
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        if( nPage==0 ){
          sqlite3BeginBenignMalloc();
          if( osLock(pPager, RESERVED_LOCK)==SQLITE_OK ){
            sqlite3OsDelete(pVfs, pPager->zJournal, 0);
            osUnlock(pPager, SHARED_LOCK);
          }
          sqlite3EndBenignMalloc();
        }else{
          /* The journal file exists and no other connection has a reserved
          ** or greater lock on the database file. Now check that there is
          ** at least one non-zero bytes at the start of the journal file.
          ** If there is, then we consider this journal to be hot. If not, 
................................................................................

  /* This routine is only called from b-tree and only when there are no
  ** outstanding pages. This implies that the pager state should either
  ** be NONE or READER. READER is only possible if the pager is or was in 
  ** exclusive access mode.
  */
  assert( sqlite3PcacheRefCount(pPager->pPCache)==0 );
  assert( pPager->eState==PAGER_NONE || pPager->eState==PAGER_READER );
  assert( assert_pager_state(pPager) );

  if( NEVER(MEMDB && pPager->errCode) ){ return pPager->errCode; }

  if( !pagerUseWal(pPager) && pPager->eState==PAGER_NONE ){
    int bHotJournal = 1;          /* True if there exists a hot journal-file */

    assert( !MEMDB && !pPager->tempFile );
    assert( pPager->noReadlock==0 || pPager->readOnly );

    if( pPager->noReadlock==0 ){
      rc = pager_wait_on_lock(pPager, SHARED_LOCK);
      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        assert( pPager->eLock==PAGER_UNLOCK );
        goto failed;
................................................................................
      ** other process attempting to access the database file will get to 
      ** this point in the code and fail to obtain its own EXCLUSIVE lock 
      ** on the database file.
      **
      ** Unless the pager is in locking_mode=exclusive mode, the lock is
      ** downgraded to SHARED_LOCK before this function returns.
      */
      rc = osLock(pPager, EXCLUSIVE_LOCK);
      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        goto failed;
      }
 
      /* If it is not already open and the file exists on disk, open the 
      ** journal for read/write access. Write access is required because 
      ** in exclusive-access mode the file descriptor will be kept open 
................................................................................
          assert( rc!=SQLITE_OK || isOpen(pPager->jfd) );
          if( rc==SQLITE_OK && fout&SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY ){
            rc = SQLITE_CANTOPEN_BKPT;
            sqlite3OsClose(pPager->jfd);
          }
        }
      }
      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        goto failed;
      }

      /* Reset the journal status fields to indicates that we have no
      ** rollback journal at this time. */
      pPager->journalOff = 0;
      pPager->setMaster = 0;
      pPager->journalHdr = 0;
 
      /* Make sure the journal file has been synced to disk. */
 
      /* Playback and delete the journal.  Drop the database write
      ** lock and reacquire the read lock. Purge the cache before
      ** playing back the hot-journal so that we don't end up with
      ** an inconsistent cache.  Sync the hot journal before playing
      ** it back since the process that crashed and left the hot journal
      ** probably did not sync it and we are required to always sync
      ** the journal before playing it back.
      **
      ** Even if an error occurs while syncing or rolling back the 
      ** hot-journal, there is no need to enter the ERROR state here, as
      ** the pager never left state NONE anyhow.
      */
      if( isOpen(pPager->jfd) ){

        rc = pagerSyncHotJournal(pPager);
        if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
          assert( pPager->eState==PAGER_NONE );
          pPager->eState = PAGER_WRITER_FINISHED;
          rc = pager_playback(pPager, 1);
          pPager->eState = PAGER_NONE;
        }




        if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){

          goto failed;
        }
      }else{
        osUnlock(pPager, SHARED_LOCK);
      }

      assert( pPager->eState==PAGER_NONE );
      assert( (pPager->eLock==SHARED_LOCK)
           || (pPager->exclusiveMode && pPager->eLock>SHARED_LOCK)
      );
    }


    if( pPager->pBackup || sqlite3PcachePagecount(pPager->pPCache)>0 ){

      /* The shared-lock has just been acquired on the database file
      ** and there are already pages in the cache (from a previous
      ** read or write transaction).  Check to see if the database
      ** has been modified.  If the database has changed, flush the
      ** cache.
      **
      ** Database changes is detected by looking at 15 bytes beginning
................................................................................
    assert( pPager->pInJournal==0 );

    if( pagerUseWal(pPager) ){
      /* If the pager is configured to use locking_mode=exclusive, and an
      ** exclusive lock on the database is not already held, obtain it now.
      */
      if( pPager->exclusiveMode && sqlite3WalExclusiveMode(pPager->pWal, -1) ){
        rc = osLock(pPager, EXCLUSIVE_LOCK);
        if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
          return rc;
        }
        sqlite3WalExclusiveMode(pPager->pWal, 1);
      }

      /* Grab the write lock on the log file. If successful, upgrade to
................................................................................
      rc = sqlite3WalBeginWriteTransaction(pPager->pWal);
    }else{
      /* Obtain a RESERVED lock on the database file. If the exFlag parameter
      ** is true, then immediately upgrade this to an EXCLUSIVE lock. The
      ** busy-handler callback can be used when upgrading to the EXCLUSIVE
      ** lock, but not when obtaining the RESERVED lock.
      */
      rc = osLock(pPager, RESERVED_LOCK);
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK && exFlag ){
        rc = pager_wait_on_lock(pPager, EXCLUSIVE_LOCK);
      }
    }


    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
................................................................................
** then savepoint iSavepoint is also destroyed.
**
** This function may return SQLITE_NOMEM if a memory allocation fails,
** or an IO error code if an IO error occurs while rolling back a 
** savepoint. If no errors occur, SQLITE_OK is returned.
*/ 
int sqlite3PagerSavepoint(Pager *pPager, int op, int iSavepoint){
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;

  assert( op==SAVEPOINT_RELEASE || op==SAVEPOINT_ROLLBACK );
  assert( iSavepoint>=0 || op==SAVEPOINT_ROLLBACK );

  if( iSavepoint<pPager->nSavepoint ){
    int ii;            /* Iterator variable */
    int nNew;          /* Number of remaining savepoints after this op. */

    /* Figure out how many savepoints will still be active after this
    ** operation. Store this value in nNew. Then free resources associated 
    ** with any savepoints that are destroyed by this operation.
    */
................................................................................
    ** the database file, so the playback operation can be skipped.
    */
    else if( pagerUseWal(pPager) || isOpen(pPager->jfd) ){
      PagerSavepoint *pSavepoint = (nNew==0)?0:&pPager->aSavepoint[nNew-1];
      rc = pagerPlaybackSavepoint(pPager, pSavepoint);
      assert(rc!=SQLITE_DONE);
    }
  
  }
  return rc;
}

/*
** Return the full pathname of the database file.
*/
const char *sqlite3PagerFilename(Pager *pPager){
................................................................................
      sqlite3PcacheDrop(pPgOld);
    }
  }

  origPgno = pPg->pgno;
  sqlite3PcacheMove(pPg, pgno);
  sqlite3PcacheMakeDirty(pPg);











  if( needSyncPgno ){
    /* If needSyncPgno is non-zero, then the journal file needs to be 
    ** sync()ed before any data is written to database file page needSyncPgno.
    ** Currently, no such page exists in the page-cache and the 
    ** "is journaled" bitvec flag has been set. This needs to be remedied by
    ** loading the page into the pager-cache and setting the PGHDR_NEED_SYNC
................................................................................
      return rc;
    }
    pPgHdr->flags |= PGHDR_NEED_SYNC;
    sqlite3PcacheMakeDirty(pPgHdr);
    sqlite3PagerUnref(pPgHdr);
  }

  /*
  ** For an in-memory database, make sure the original page continues
  ** to exist, in case the transaction needs to roll back.  Use pPgOld
  ** as the original page since it has already been allocated.
  */
  if( MEMDB ){
    sqlite3PcacheMove(pPgOld, origPgno);
    sqlite3PagerUnref(pPgOld);
  }

  return SQLITE_OK;
}
#endif

/*
** Return a pointer to the data for the specified page.
*/
................................................................................
    assert( eOld==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_MEMORY || eOld==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF );
    if( eMode!=PAGER_JOURNALMODE_MEMORY && eMode!=PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF ){
      eMode = eOld;
    }
  }

  if( eMode!=eOld ){
    /* When changing between rollback modes, close the journal file prior
    ** to the change.  But when changing from a rollback mode to WAL, keep
    ** the journal open since there is a rollback-style transaction in play
    ** used to convert the version numbers in the btree header.
    */
    if( isOpen(pPager->jfd) && eMode!=PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL ){
      sqlite3OsClose(pPager->jfd);
    }

    /* Change the journal mode. */
    pPager->journalMode = (u8)eMode;

    /* When transistioning from TRUNCATE or PERSIST to any other journal
    ** mode except WAL (and we are not in locking_mode=EXCLUSIVE) then 
    ** delete the journal file.
................................................................................
    assert( (PAGER_JOURNALMODE_DELETE & 5)==0 );
    assert( (PAGER_JOURNALMODE_MEMORY & 5)==4 );
    assert( (PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF & 5)==0 );
    assert( (PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL & 5)==5 );

    assert( isOpen(pPager->fd) || pPager->exclusiveMode );
    if( !pPager->exclusiveMode && (eOld & 5)==1 && (eMode & 1)==0 ){



      /* In this case we would like to delete the journal file. If it is
      ** not possible, then that is not a problem. Deleting the journal file
      ** here is an optimization only.
      **
      ** Before deleting the journal file, obtain a RESERVED lock on the
      ** database file. This ensures that the journal file is not deleted
................................................................................
      int rc = SQLITE_OK;
      int state = pPager->eState;
      if( state==PAGER_NONE ){
        rc = sqlite3PagerSharedLock(pPager);
      }
      if( pPager->eState==PAGER_READER ){
        assert( rc==SQLITE_OK );
        rc = osLock(pPager, RESERVED_LOCK);
      }
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        sqlite3OsDelete(pPager->pVfs, pPager->zJournal, 0);
      }
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK && state==PAGER_READER ){
        osUnlock(pPager, SHARED_LOCK);
      }else if( state==PAGER_NONE ){
        pager_unlock(pPager);
      }
      assert( state==pPager->eState );
    }
  }

................................................................................

/*
** Return TRUE if the pager is in a state where it is OK to change the
** journalmode.  Journalmode changes can only happen when the database
** is unmodified.
*/
int sqlite3PagerOkToChangeJournalMode(Pager *pPager){

  if( pPager->eState>=PAGER_WRITER_CACHEMOD ) return 0;
  if( NEVER(isOpen(pPager->jfd) && pPager->journalOff>0) ) return 0;
  return 1;
}

/*
** Get/set the size-limit used for persistent journal files.
................................................................................
  assert( pPager->eState==PAGER_NONE   || pbOpen );
  assert( pPager->eState==PAGER_READER || !pbOpen );
  assert( pbOpen==0 || *pbOpen==0 );
  assert( pbOpen!=0 || (!pPager->tempFile && !pPager->pWal) );

  if( !pPager->tempFile && !pPager->pWal ){
    if( !sqlite3PagerWalSupported(pPager) ) return SQLITE_CANTOPEN;





    /* Open the connection to the log file. If this operation fails, 
    ** (e.g. due to malloc() failure), unlock the database file and 
    ** return an error code.
    */
    rc = sqlite3WalOpen(pPager->pVfs, pPager->fd, pPager->zWal, &pPager->pWal);
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
................................................................................

  /* If the log file is not already open, but does exist in the file-system,
  ** it may need to be checkpointed before the connection can switch to
  ** rollback mode. Open it now so this can happen.
  */
  if( !pPager->pWal ){
    int logexists = 0;
    rc = osLock(pPager, SHARED_LOCK);
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      rc = sqlite3OsAccess(
          pPager->pVfs, pPager->zWal, SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, &logexists
      );
    }
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK && logexists ){
      rc = sqlite3WalOpen(pPager->pVfs, pPager->fd,
................................................................................
    }
  }
    
  /* Checkpoint and close the log. Because an EXCLUSIVE lock is held on
  ** the database file, the log and log-summary files will be deleted.
  */
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK && pPager->pWal ){
    rc = osLock(pPager, EXCLUSIVE_LOCK);
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      rc = sqlite3WalClose(pPager->pWal,
                           (pPager->noSync ? 0 : pPager->sync_flags), 
        pPager->pageSize, (u8*)pPager->pTmpSpace
      );
      pPager->pWal = 0;
    }else{
      /* If we cannot get an EXCLUSIVE lock, downgrade the PENDING lock
      ** that we did get back to SHARED. */
      osUnlock(pPager, SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED);
    }
  }
  return rc;
}

#ifdef SQLITE_HAS_CODEC
/*

*/
#define PAGER_UNLOCK      0
#define PAGER_SHARED      1   /* same as SHARED_LOCK */
#define PAGER_RESERVED    2   /* same as RESERVED_LOCK */
#define PAGER_EXCLUSIVE   4   /* same as EXCLUSIVE_LOCK */
#define PAGER_SYNCED      5

#define UNKNOWN_LOCK      (EXCLUSIVE_LOCK+1)

/*
** A macro used for invoking the codec if there is one
*/
#ifdef SQLITE_HAS_CODEC
# define CODEC1(P,D,N,X,E) \
    if( P->xCodec && P->xCodec(P->pCodec,D,N,X)==0 ){ E; }
# define CODEC2(P,D,N,X,E,O) \
................................................................................
  ** on the file.
  */
  assert( pPager->changeCountDone==0 || pPager->eLock>=RESERVED_LOCK );

  switch( p->eState ){
    case PAGER_NONE:
      assert( !MEMDB );

      assert( pPager->errCode==SQLITE_OK );
      assert( sqlite3PcacheRefCount(pPager->pPCache)==0 || pPager->tempFile );
      break;

    case PAGER_READER:
      assert( pPager->errCode==SQLITE_OK );
      assert( p->eLock!=UNKNOWN_LOCK );
      assert( p->eLock>=SHARED_LOCK || p->noReadlock );
      break;

    case PAGER_WRITER_INITIAL:
      assert( p->eLock!=UNKNOWN_LOCK );
      assert( pPager->errCode==SQLITE_OK );
      if( !pagerUseWal(pPager) ){
        assert( p->eLock>=RESERVED_LOCK );
      }
      assert( pPager->dbSize==pPager->dbOrigSize );
      assert( pPager->dbOrigSize==pPager->dbFileSize );
      assert( pPager->setMaster==0 );
      break;

    case PAGER_WRITER_CACHEMOD:
      assert( p->eLock!=UNKNOWN_LOCK );
      assert( pPager->errCode==SQLITE_OK );
      if( !pagerUseWal(pPager) ){
        /* It is possible that if journal_mode=wal here that neither the
        ** journal file nor the WAL file are open. This happens during
        ** a rollback transaction that switches from journal_mode=off
        ** to journal_mode=wal.
        */
................................................................................
             || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL 
        );
      }
      assert( pPager->dbOrigSize==pPager->dbFileSize );
      break;

    case PAGER_WRITER_DBMOD:
      assert( p->eLock==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK );
      assert( pPager->errCode==SQLITE_OK );
      assert( !pagerUseWal(pPager) );
      assert( p->eLock>=EXCLUSIVE_LOCK );
      assert( isOpen(p->jfd) 
           || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF 
           || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL 
      );
      break;

    case PAGER_WRITER_FINISHED:
      assert( p->eLock==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK );
      assert( pPager->errCode==SQLITE_OK );
      assert( !pagerUseWal(pPager) );

      assert( isOpen(p->jfd) 
           || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF 
           || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL 
      );
      break;

    case PAGER_ERROR:
................................................................................
/*
** (gdb) printf "%s", print_pager_state(pPager)
*/
static char *print_pager_state(Pager *p){
  static char zRet[1024];

  sqlite3_snprintf(1024, zRet,
      "State:         %s errCode=%d\n"
      "Lock:          %s\n"
      "Locking mode:  locking_mode=%s\n"
      "Journal mode:  journal_mode=%s\n"
      "Backing store: tempFile=%d memDb=%d useJournal=%d\n"
      "Journal:       journalOff=%lld journalHdr=%lld\n"
      , p->eState==PAGER_NONE            ? "NONE" :
        p->eState==PAGER_READER          ? "READER" :
        p->eState==PAGER_WRITER_INITIAL  ? "WRITER_INITIAL" :
        p->eState==PAGER_WRITER_CACHEMOD ? "WRITER_CACHEMOD" :
        p->eState==PAGER_WRITER_DBMOD    ? "WRITER_DBMOD" :
        p->eState==PAGER_WRITER_FINISHED ? "WRITER_FINISHED" :
        p->eState==PAGER_ERROR           ? "ERROR" : "?error?"
      , (int)p->errCode
      , p->eLock==NO_LOCK         ? "NONE" :
        p->eLock==RESERVED_LOCK   ? "RESERVED" :
        p->eLock==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK  ? "EXCLUSIVE" :
        p->eLock==SHARED_LOCK     ? "SHARED" :
        p->eLock==UNKNOWN_LOCK    ? "UNKNOWN" : "?error?"
      , p->exclusiveMode ? "exclusive" : "normal"
      , p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_MEMORY   ? "memory" :
        p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF      ? "off" :
        p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_DELETE   ? "delete" :
        p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_PERSIST  ? "persist" :
        p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_TRUNCATE ? "truncate" :
        p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL      ? "wal" : "?error?"
      , (int)p->tempFile, (int)p->memDb, (int)p->useJournal
      , p->journalOff, p->journalHdr
  );

  return zRet;
}
#endif

/*
................................................................................
static int write32bits(sqlite3_file *fd, i64 offset, u32 val){
  char ac[4];
  put32bits(ac, val);
  return sqlite3OsWrite(fd, ac, 4, offset);
}

/*
** This function and pagerLockDb() are wrappers around sqlite3OsLock() and
** sqlite3OsUnlock() that set the Pager.eLock variable to reflect the
** current lock held on the database file.
*/
static int pagerUnlockDb(Pager *pPager, int eLock){
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
  assert( !pPager->exclusiveMode );
  if( isOpen(pPager->fd) ){
    assert( pPager->eLock>=eLock );
    assert( eLock!=NO_LOCK || pagerUseWal(pPager)==0 );
    rc = sqlite3OsUnlock(pPager->fd, eLock);
    if( pPager->eLock!=UNKNOWN_LOCK ){
      pPager->eLock = eLock;
    }
    IOTRACE(("UNLOCK %p %d\n", pPager, eLock))
  }
  return rc;
}

static int pagerLockDb(Pager *pPager, int eLock){
  int rc;
  assert( eLock==SHARED_LOCK || eLock==RESERVED_LOCK || eLock==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK );
  if( pPager->eLock>=eLock && pPager->eLock!=UNKNOWN_LOCK ){
    rc = SQLITE_OK;
  }else{
    rc = sqlite3OsLock(pPager->fd, eLock);
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK && (pPager->eLock!=UNKNOWN_LOCK||eLock==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK) ){
      pPager->eLock = eLock;
      IOTRACE(("LOCK %p %d\n", pPager, eLock))
    }
  }
  return rc;
}

/*
** This function determines whether or not the atomic-write optimization
................................................................................
  releaseAllSavepoints(pPager);

  if( pagerUseWal(pPager) ){
    assert( !isOpen(pPager->jfd) );
    sqlite3WalEndReadTransaction(pPager->pWal);
    pPager->eState = PAGER_NONE;
  }else if( !pPager->exclusiveMode ){
    int rc;                       /* Error code returned by pagerUnlockDb() */
    int iDc = isOpen(pPager->fd)?sqlite3OsDeviceCharacteristics(pPager->fd):0;

    /* If the operating system support deletion of open files, then
    ** close the journal file when dropping the database lock.  Otherwise
    ** another connection with journal_mode=delete might delete the file
    ** out from under us.
    */
................................................................................
    assert( (PAGER_JOURNALMODE_TRUNCATE & 5)==1 );
    assert( (PAGER_JOURNALMODE_PERSIST  & 5)==1 );
    if( 0==(iDc & SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN)
     || 1!=(pPager->journalMode & 5)
    ){
      sqlite3OsClose(pPager->jfd);
    }

    rc = pagerUnlockDb(pPager, NO_LOCK);
    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK && pPager->eState==PAGER_ERROR ){
      pPager->eLock = UNKNOWN_LOCK;
    }

    /* The pager state may be changed from PAGER_ERROR to PAGER_NONE here
    ** without clearing the error code. This is intentional - the error
    ** code is cleared and the cache reset in the block below.
    */
    assert( pPager->errCode || pPager->eState!=PAGER_ERROR );
    pPager->changeCountDone = 0;
    pPager->eState = PAGER_NONE;

  }

  /* If Pager.errCode is set, the contents of the pager cache cannot be
  ** trusted. Now that there are no outstanding references to the pager,
  ** it can safely move back to PAGER_NONE state. This happens in both
  ** normal and exclusive-locking mode.
  */
  if( pPager->errCode && !MEMDB ){
    pager_reset(pPager);
    pPager->changeCountDone = pPager->tempFile;
    pPager->eState = PAGER_NONE;
    pPager->errCode = SQLITE_OK;
  }

  pPager->journalOff = 0;
  pPager->journalHdr = 0;
  pPager->setMaster = 0;
}

/*
** This function should be called when an IOERR, CORRUPT or FULL error
** may have occurred. The first argument is a pointer to the pager 
** structure, the second the error-code about to be returned by a pager 
** API function. The value returned is a copy of the second argument 
................................................................................
    */
    rc2 = sqlite3WalEndWriteTransaction(pPager->pWal);
    assert( rc2==SQLITE_OK );
  }
  if( !pPager->exclusiveMode 
   && (!pagerUseWal(pPager) || sqlite3WalExclusiveMode(pPager->pWal, 0))
  ){
    rc2 = pagerUnlockDb(pPager, SHARED_LOCK);
    pPager->changeCountDone = 0;
  }
  pPager->eState = PAGER_READER;
  pPager->setMaster = 0;

  return (rc==SQLITE_OK?rc2:rc);
}
................................................................................

  /* If this page has already been played by before during the current
  ** rollback, then don't bother to play it back again.
  */
  if( pDone && (rc = sqlite3BitvecSet(pDone, pgno))!=SQLITE_OK ){
    return rc;
  }
  assert( pPager->eState>=PAGER_WRITER_CACHEMOD 
       || (pPager->eState==PAGER_NONE && isMainJrnl)
  );

  /* When playing back page 1, restore the nReserve setting
  */
  if( pgno==1 && pPager->nReserve!=((u8*)aData)[20] ){
    pPager->nReserve = ((u8*)aData)[20];
    pagerReportSize(pPager);
  }
................................................................................
           (isMainJrnl?"main-journal":"sub-journal")
  ));
  if( isMainJrnl ){
    isSynced = pPager->noSync || (*pOffset <= pPager->journalHdr);
  }else{
    isSynced = (pPg==0 || 0==(pPg->flags & PGHDR_NEED_SYNC));
  }
  if( (pPager->eState>=PAGER_WRITER_DBMOD || pPager->eState==PAGER_NONE)
   && isOpen(pPager->fd)
   && isSynced
  ){
    i64 ofst = (pgno-1)*(i64)pPager->pageSize;
    testcase( !isSavepnt && pPg!=0 && (pPg->flags&PGHDR_NEED_SYNC)!=0 );
    assert( !pagerUseWal(pPager) );
    rc = sqlite3OsWrite(pPager->fd, (u8*)aData, pPager->pageSize, ofst);
................................................................................
**
** If successful, return SQLITE_OK. If an IO error occurs while modifying
** the database file, return the error code to the caller.
*/
static int pager_truncate(Pager *pPager, Pgno nPage){
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
  assert( pPager->eState!=PAGER_ERROR );
  assert( pPager->eState!=PAGER_READER );
  
  if( isOpen(pPager->fd) 
   && (pPager->eState>=PAGER_WRITER_DBMOD || pPager->eState==PAGER_NONE) 
  ){
    i64 currentSize, newSize;
    /* TODO: Is it safe to use Pager.dbFileSize here? */
    rc = sqlite3OsFileSize(pPager->fd, &currentSize);
    newSize = pPager->pageSize*(i64)nPage;
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK && currentSize!=newSize ){
      if( currentSize>newSize ){
        rc = sqlite3OsTruncate(pPager->fd, newSize);
................................................................................
    }else{
      rc = sqlite3OsAccess(
          pPager->pVfs, pPager->zWal, SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, &isWal
      );
    }
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      if( isWal ){
        testcase( sqlite3PcachePagecount(pPager->pPCache)==0 );
        rc = sqlite3PagerOpenWal(pPager, 0);
        if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
          rc = pagerBeginReadTransaction(pPager);
        }
      }else if( pPager->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL ){
        pPager->journalMode = PAGER_JOURNALMODE_DELETE;
      }
................................................................................
        rc = sqlite3OsFileSize(pPager->fd, &nByte);
        if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) return rc;
      }
      pNew = (char *)sqlite3PageMalloc(pageSize);
      if( !pNew ){
        rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
      }else{

        pager_reset(pPager);
        pPager->dbSize = nByte/pageSize;
        pPager->pageSize = pageSize;
        sqlite3PageFree(pPager->pTmpSpace);
        pPager->pTmpSpace = pNew;
        sqlite3PcacheSetPageSize(pPager->pPCache, pageSize);
      }
................................................................................
  ** sqlite3PagerSetBusyhandler().
  */
  assert( (pPager->eLock>=locktype)
       || (pPager->eLock==NO_LOCK && locktype==SHARED_LOCK)
       || (pPager->eLock==RESERVED_LOCK && locktype==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK)
  );




  do {
    rc = pagerLockDb(pPager, locktype);
  }while( rc==SQLITE_BUSY && pPager->xBusyHandler(pPager->pBusyHandlerArg) );

  return rc;
}

/*
** Function assertTruncateConstraint(pPager) checks that one of the 
** following is true for all dirty pages currently in the page-cache:
**
................................................................................
      ** a RESERVED lock to avoid race conditions and to avoid violating
      ** [H33020].
      */
      rc = pagerPagecount(pPager, &nPage);
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        if( nPage==0 ){
          sqlite3BeginBenignMalloc();
          if( pagerLockDb(pPager, RESERVED_LOCK)==SQLITE_OK ){
            sqlite3OsDelete(pVfs, pPager->zJournal, 0);
            pagerUnlockDb(pPager, SHARED_LOCK);
          }
          sqlite3EndBenignMalloc();
        }else{
          /* The journal file exists and no other connection has a reserved
          ** or greater lock on the database file. Now check that there is
          ** at least one non-zero bytes at the start of the journal file.
          ** If there is, then we consider this journal to be hot. If not, 
................................................................................

  /* This routine is only called from b-tree and only when there are no
  ** outstanding pages. This implies that the pager state should either
  ** be NONE or READER. READER is only possible if the pager is or was in 
  ** exclusive access mode.
  */
  assert( sqlite3PcacheRefCount(pPager->pPCache)==0 );

  assert( assert_pager_state(pPager) );
  assert( pPager->eState==PAGER_NONE || pPager->eState==PAGER_READER );
  if( NEVER(MEMDB && pPager->errCode) ){ return pPager->errCode; }

  if( !pagerUseWal(pPager) && pPager->eState==PAGER_NONE ){
    int bHotJournal = 1;          /* True if there exists a hot journal-file */

    assert( !MEMDB );
    assert( pPager->noReadlock==0 || pPager->readOnly );

    if( pPager->noReadlock==0 ){
      rc = pager_wait_on_lock(pPager, SHARED_LOCK);
      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        assert( pPager->eLock==PAGER_UNLOCK );
        goto failed;
................................................................................
      ** other process attempting to access the database file will get to 
      ** this point in the code and fail to obtain its own EXCLUSIVE lock 
      ** on the database file.
      **
      ** Unless the pager is in locking_mode=exclusive mode, the lock is
      ** downgraded to SHARED_LOCK before this function returns.
      */
      rc = pagerLockDb(pPager, EXCLUSIVE_LOCK);
      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        goto failed;
      }
 
      /* If it is not already open and the file exists on disk, open the 
      ** journal for read/write access. Write access is required because 
      ** in exclusive-access mode the file descriptor will be kept open 
................................................................................
          assert( rc!=SQLITE_OK || isOpen(pPager->jfd) );
          if( rc==SQLITE_OK && fout&SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY ){
            rc = SQLITE_CANTOPEN_BKPT;
            sqlite3OsClose(pPager->jfd);
          }
        }
      }











 
      /* Playback and delete the journal.  Drop the database write
      ** lock and reacquire the read lock. Purge the cache before
      ** playing back the hot-journal so that we don't end up with
      ** an inconsistent cache.  Sync the hot journal before playing
      ** it back since the process that crashed and left the hot journal
      ** probably did not sync it and we are required to always sync
      ** the journal before playing it back.




      */
      if( isOpen(pPager->jfd) ){
        assert( rc==SQLITE_OK );
        rc = pagerSyncHotJournal(pPager);
        if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){


          rc = pager_playback(pPager, 1);
          pPager->eState = PAGER_NONE;
        }
      }else if( !pPager->exclusiveMode ){
        pagerUnlockDb(pPager, SHARED_LOCK);
      }

      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        pager_error(pPager, rc);
        goto failed;



      }

      assert( pPager->eState==PAGER_NONE );
      assert( (pPager->eLock==SHARED_LOCK)
           || (pPager->exclusiveMode && pPager->eLock>SHARED_LOCK)
      );
    }

    if( !pPager->tempFile 
     && (pPager->pBackup || sqlite3PcachePagecount(pPager->pPCache)>0) 
    ){
      /* The shared-lock has just been acquired on the database file
      ** and there are already pages in the cache (from a previous
      ** read or write transaction).  Check to see if the database
      ** has been modified.  If the database has changed, flush the
      ** cache.
      **
      ** Database changes is detected by looking at 15 bytes beginning
................................................................................
    assert( pPager->pInJournal==0 );

    if( pagerUseWal(pPager) ){
      /* If the pager is configured to use locking_mode=exclusive, and an
      ** exclusive lock on the database is not already held, obtain it now.
      */
      if( pPager->exclusiveMode && sqlite3WalExclusiveMode(pPager->pWal, -1) ){
        rc = pagerLockDb(pPager, EXCLUSIVE_LOCK);
        if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
          return rc;
        }
        sqlite3WalExclusiveMode(pPager->pWal, 1);
      }

      /* Grab the write lock on the log file. If successful, upgrade to
................................................................................
      rc = sqlite3WalBeginWriteTransaction(pPager->pWal);
    }else{
      /* Obtain a RESERVED lock on the database file. If the exFlag parameter
      ** is true, then immediately upgrade this to an EXCLUSIVE lock. The
      ** busy-handler callback can be used when upgrading to the EXCLUSIVE
      ** lock, but not when obtaining the RESERVED lock.
      */
      rc = pagerLockDb(pPager, RESERVED_LOCK);
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK && exFlag ){
        rc = pager_wait_on_lock(pPager, EXCLUSIVE_LOCK);
      }
    }


    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
................................................................................
** then savepoint iSavepoint is also destroyed.
**
** This function may return SQLITE_NOMEM if a memory allocation fails,
** or an IO error code if an IO error occurs while rolling back a 
** savepoint. If no errors occur, SQLITE_OK is returned.
*/ 
int sqlite3PagerSavepoint(Pager *pPager, int op, int iSavepoint){
  int rc = pPager->errCode;       /* Return code */

  assert( op==SAVEPOINT_RELEASE || op==SAVEPOINT_ROLLBACK );
  assert( iSavepoint>=0 || op==SAVEPOINT_ROLLBACK );

  if( rc==SQLITE_OK && iSavepoint<pPager->nSavepoint ){
    int ii;            /* Iterator variable */
    int nNew;          /* Number of remaining savepoints after this op. */

    /* Figure out how many savepoints will still be active after this
    ** operation. Store this value in nNew. Then free resources associated 
    ** with any savepoints that are destroyed by this operation.
    */
................................................................................
    ** the database file, so the playback operation can be skipped.
    */
    else if( pagerUseWal(pPager) || isOpen(pPager->jfd) ){
      PagerSavepoint *pSavepoint = (nNew==0)?0:&pPager->aSavepoint[nNew-1];
      rc = pagerPlaybackSavepoint(pPager, pSavepoint);
      assert(rc!=SQLITE_DONE);
    }
  }

  return rc;
}

/*
** Return the full pathname of the database file.
*/
const char *sqlite3PagerFilename(Pager *pPager){
................................................................................
      sqlite3PcacheDrop(pPgOld);
    }
  }

  origPgno = pPg->pgno;
  sqlite3PcacheMove(pPg, pgno);
  sqlite3PcacheMakeDirty(pPg);

  /* For an in-memory database, make sure the original page continues
  ** to exist, in case the transaction needs to roll back.  Use pPgOld
  ** as the original page since it has already been allocated.
  */
  if( MEMDB ){
    assert( pPgOld );
    sqlite3PcacheMove(pPgOld, origPgno);
    sqlite3PagerUnref(pPgOld);
  }

  if( needSyncPgno ){
    /* If needSyncPgno is non-zero, then the journal file needs to be 
    ** sync()ed before any data is written to database file page needSyncPgno.
    ** Currently, no such page exists in the page-cache and the 
    ** "is journaled" bitvec flag has been set. This needs to be remedied by
    ** loading the page into the pager-cache and setting the PGHDR_NEED_SYNC
................................................................................
      return rc;
    }
    pPgHdr->flags |= PGHDR_NEED_SYNC;
    sqlite3PcacheMakeDirty(pPgHdr);
    sqlite3PagerUnref(pPgHdr);
  }











  return SQLITE_OK;
}
#endif

/*
** Return a pointer to the data for the specified page.
*/
................................................................................
    assert( eOld==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_MEMORY || eOld==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF );
    if( eMode!=PAGER_JOURNALMODE_MEMORY && eMode!=PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF ){
      eMode = eOld;
    }
  }

  if( eMode!=eOld ){









    /* Change the journal mode. */
    pPager->journalMode = (u8)eMode;

    /* When transistioning from TRUNCATE or PERSIST to any other journal
    ** mode except WAL (and we are not in locking_mode=EXCLUSIVE) then 
    ** delete the journal file.
................................................................................
    assert( (PAGER_JOURNALMODE_DELETE & 5)==0 );
    assert( (PAGER_JOURNALMODE_MEMORY & 5)==4 );
    assert( (PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF & 5)==0 );
    assert( (PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL & 5)==5 );

    assert( isOpen(pPager->fd) || pPager->exclusiveMode );
    if( !pPager->exclusiveMode && (eOld & 5)==1 && (eMode & 1)==0 ){

      sqlite3OsClose(pPager->jfd);

      /* In this case we would like to delete the journal file. If it is
      ** not possible, then that is not a problem. Deleting the journal file
      ** here is an optimization only.
      **
      ** Before deleting the journal file, obtain a RESERVED lock on the
      ** database file. This ensures that the journal file is not deleted
................................................................................
      int rc = SQLITE_OK;
      int state = pPager->eState;
      if( state==PAGER_NONE ){
        rc = sqlite3PagerSharedLock(pPager);
      }
      if( pPager->eState==PAGER_READER ){
        assert( rc==SQLITE_OK );
        rc = pagerLockDb(pPager, RESERVED_LOCK);
      }
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        sqlite3OsDelete(pPager->pVfs, pPager->zJournal, 0);
      }
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK && state==PAGER_READER ){
        pagerUnlockDb(pPager, SHARED_LOCK);
      }else if( state==PAGER_NONE ){
        pager_unlock(pPager);
      }
      assert( state==pPager->eState );
    }
  }

................................................................................

/*
** Return TRUE if the pager is in a state where it is OK to change the
** journalmode.  Journalmode changes can only happen when the database
** is unmodified.
*/
int sqlite3PagerOkToChangeJournalMode(Pager *pPager){
  assert( assert_pager_state(pPager) );
  if( pPager->eState>=PAGER_WRITER_CACHEMOD ) return 0;
  if( NEVER(isOpen(pPager->jfd) && pPager->journalOff>0) ) return 0;
  return 1;
}

/*
** Get/set the size-limit used for persistent journal files.
................................................................................
  assert( pPager->eState==PAGER_NONE   || pbOpen );
  assert( pPager->eState==PAGER_READER || !pbOpen );
  assert( pbOpen==0 || *pbOpen==0 );
  assert( pbOpen!=0 || (!pPager->tempFile && !pPager->pWal) );

  if( !pPager->tempFile && !pPager->pWal ){
    if( !sqlite3PagerWalSupported(pPager) ) return SQLITE_CANTOPEN;

    if( isOpen(pPager->jfd) ){
      sqlite3OsClose(pPager->jfd);
    }

    /* Open the connection to the log file. If this operation fails, 
    ** (e.g. due to malloc() failure), unlock the database file and 
    ** return an error code.
    */
    rc = sqlite3WalOpen(pPager->pVfs, pPager->fd, pPager->zWal, &pPager->pWal);
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
................................................................................

  /* If the log file is not already open, but does exist in the file-system,
  ** it may need to be checkpointed before the connection can switch to
  ** rollback mode. Open it now so this can happen.
  */
  if( !pPager->pWal ){
    int logexists = 0;
    rc = pagerLockDb(pPager, SHARED_LOCK);
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      rc = sqlite3OsAccess(
          pPager->pVfs, pPager->zWal, SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, &logexists
      );
    }
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK && logexists ){
      rc = sqlite3WalOpen(pPager->pVfs, pPager->fd,
................................................................................
    }
  }
    
  /* Checkpoint and close the log. Because an EXCLUSIVE lock is held on
  ** the database file, the log and log-summary files will be deleted.
  */
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK && pPager->pWal ){
    rc = pagerLockDb(pPager, EXCLUSIVE_LOCK);
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      rc = sqlite3WalClose(pPager->pWal,
                           (pPager->noSync ? 0 : pPager->sync_flags), 
        pPager->pageSize, (u8*)pPager->pTmpSpace
      );
      pPager->pWal = 0;
    }else{
      /* If we cannot get an EXCLUSIVE lock, downgrade the PENDING lock
      ** that we did get back to SHARED. */
      pagerUnlockDb(pPager, SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED);
    }
  }
  return rc;
}

#ifdef SQLITE_HAS_CODEC
/*