./testfixture$(TEXE) $(TOP)/test/full.test

# Fuzz testing
fuzztest:	fuzzcheck$(TEXE) $(FUZZDATA) sessionfuzz$(TEXE) $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db
	./fuzzcheck$(TEXE) $(FUZZDATA)
	./sessionfuzz$(TEXE) run $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db

fastfuzztest:	fuzzcheck$(TEXE) $(FUZZDATA) sessionfuzz$(TEXE) $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db
	./fuzzcheck$(TEXE) --limit-mem 100M $(FUZZDATA)
	./sessionfuzz$(TEXE) run $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db

valgrindfuzz:	fuzzcheck$(TEXT) $(FUZZDATA) sessionfuzz$(TEXE) $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db
	valgrind ./fuzzcheck$(TEXE) --cell-size-check --limit-mem 10M --timeout 600 $(FUZZDATA)
	valgrind ./sessionfuzz$(TEXE) run $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db

# The veryquick.test TCL tests.
#
tcltest:	./testfixture$(TEXE)
................................................................................
#
quicktest:	./testfixture$(TEXE)
	./testfixture$(TEXE) $(TOP)/test/extraquick.test $(TESTOPTS)

# This is the common case.  Run many tests that do not take too long,
# including fuzzcheck, sqlite3_analyzer, and sqldiff tests.
#
test:	fastfuzztest sourcetest $(TESTPROGS) tcltest

# Run a test using valgrind.  This can take a really long time
# because valgrind is so much slower than a native machine.
#
valgrindtest:	$(TESTPROGS) valgrindfuzz
	OMIT_MISUSE=1 valgrind -v ./testfixture$(TEXE) $(TOP)/test/permutations.test valgrind $(TESTOPTS)

	./testfixture$(TEXE) $(TOP)/test/full.test

# Fuzz testing
fuzztest:	fuzzcheck$(TEXE) $(FUZZDATA) sessionfuzz$(TEXE) $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db
	./fuzzcheck$(TEXE) $(FUZZDATA)
	./sessionfuzz$(TEXE) run $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db





valgrindfuzz:	fuzzcheck$(TEXT) $(FUZZDATA) sessionfuzz$(TEXE) $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db
	valgrind ./fuzzcheck$(TEXE) --cell-size-check --limit-mem 10M --timeout 600 $(FUZZDATA)
	valgrind ./sessionfuzz$(TEXE) run $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db

# The veryquick.test TCL tests.
#
tcltest:	./testfixture$(TEXE)
................................................................................
#
quicktest:	./testfixture$(TEXE)
	./testfixture$(TEXE) $(TOP)/test/extraquick.test $(TESTOPTS)

# This is the common case.  Run many tests that do not take too long,
# including fuzzcheck, sqlite3_analyzer, and sqldiff tests.
#
test:	fuzztest sourcetest $(TESTPROGS) tcltest

# Run a test using valgrind.  This can take a really long time
# because valgrind is so much slower than a native machine.
#
valgrindtest:	$(TESTPROGS) valgrindfuzz
	OMIT_MISUSE=1 valgrind -v ./testfixture$(TEXE) $(TOP)/test/permutations.test valgrind $(TESTOPTS)

#    that contains this "Makefile.in" and the "configure.in" script.
#
TOP = ../sqlite

#### C Compiler and options for use in building executables that
#    will run on the platform that is doing the build.
#
BCC = gcc -g -O2
#BCC = /opt/ancic/bin/c89 -0

#### If the target operating system supports the "usleep()" system
#    call, then define the HAVE_USLEEP macro for all C modules.
#
#USLEEP = 
USLEEP = -DHAVE_USLEEP=1
................................................................................
#
#THREADSAFE = -DTHREADSAFE=1
THREADSAFE = -DTHREADSAFE=0

#### Specify any extra linker options needed to make the library
#    thread safe
#
#THREADLIB = -lpthread
THREADLIB = 

#### Specify any extra libraries needed to access required functions.
#
#TLIBS = -lrt    # fdatasync on Solaris 8
TLIBS = 

#### Leave SQLITE_DEBUG undefined for maximum speed.  Use SQLITE_DEBUG=1
................................................................................
#    to check for memory leaks.  Use SQLITE_DEBUG=2 to print a log of all
#    malloc()s and free()s in order to track down memory leaks.
#    
#    SQLite uses some expensive assert() statements in the inner loop.
#    You can make the library go almost twice as fast if you compile
#    with -DNDEBUG=1
#
#OPTS = -DSQLITE_DEBUG=2
#OPTS = -DSQLITE_DEBUG=1
#OPTS = 
OPTS = -DNDEBUG=1
OPTS += -DHAVE_FDATASYNC=1

#### The suffix to add to executable files.  ".exe" for windows.
#    Nothing for unix.
#
#EXE = .exe
EXE =

#### C Compile and options for use in building executables that 
#    will run on the target platform.  This is usually the same
#    as BCC, unless you are cross-compiling.
#
TCC = gcc -O6
#TCC = gcc -g -O0 -Wall
#TCC = gcc -g -O0 -Wall -fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage
#TCC = /opt/mingw/bin/i386-mingw32-gcc -O6
#TCC = /opt/ansic/bin/c89 -O +z -Wl,-a,archive

#### Tools used to build a static library.
#
................................................................................
SO = so
SHPREFIX = lib
# SO = dll
# SHPREFIX =

#### Extra compiler options needed for programs that use the TCL library.
#
#TCL_FLAGS =
#TCL_FLAGS = -DSTATIC_BUILD=1
TCL_FLAGS = -I/home/drh/tcltk/8.5linux
#TCL_FLAGS = -I/home/drh/tcltk/8.5win -DSTATIC_BUILD=1
#TCL_FLAGS = -I/home/drh/tcltk/8.3hpux

#### Linker options needed to link against the TCL library.
#
#LIBTCL = -ltcl -lm -ldl
LIBTCL = /home/drh/tcltk/8.5linux/libtcl8.5g.a -lm -ldl
#LIBTCL = /home/drh/tcltk/8.5win/libtcl85s.a -lmsvcrt
#LIBTCL = /home/drh/tcltk/8.3hpux/libtcl8.3.a -ldld -lm -lc

#### Additional objects for SQLite library when TCL support is enabled.
#TCLOBJ =
TCLOBJ = tclsqlite.o

#### Compiler options needed for programs that use the readline() library.
#

#    that contains this "Makefile.in" and the "configure.in" script.
#
TOP = ../sqlite

#### C Compiler and options for use in building executables that
#    will run on the platform that is doing the build.
#
BCC = gcc -g -O0
#BCC = /opt/ancic/bin/c89 -0

#### If the target operating system supports the "usleep()" system
#    call, then define the HAVE_USLEEP macro for all C modules.
#
#USLEEP = 
USLEEP = -DHAVE_USLEEP=1
................................................................................
#
#THREADSAFE = -DTHREADSAFE=1
THREADSAFE = -DTHREADSAFE=0

#### Specify any extra linker options needed to make the library
#    thread safe
#
THREADLIB = -lpthread -lm -ldl
#THREADLIB = 

#### Specify any extra libraries needed to access required functions.
#
#TLIBS = -lrt    # fdatasync on Solaris 8
TLIBS = 

#### Leave SQLITE_DEBUG undefined for maximum speed.  Use SQLITE_DEBUG=1
................................................................................
#    to check for memory leaks.  Use SQLITE_DEBUG=2 to print a log of all
#    malloc()s and free()s in order to track down memory leaks.
#    
#    SQLite uses some expensive assert() statements in the inner loop.
#    You can make the library go almost twice as fast if you compile
#    with -DNDEBUG=1
#
OPTS += -DSQLITE_DEBUG=1
OPTS += -DSQLITE_ENABLE_WHERETRACE
OPTS += -DSQLITE_ENABLE_SELECTTRACE



#### The suffix to add to executable files.  ".exe" for windows.
#    Nothing for unix.
#
#EXE = .exe
EXE =

#### C Compile and options for use in building executables that 
#    will run on the target platform.  This is usually the same
#    as BCC, unless you are cross-compiling.
#
TCC = gcc -O0
#TCC = gcc -g -O0 -Wall
#TCC = gcc -g -O0 -Wall -fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage
#TCC = /opt/mingw/bin/i386-mingw32-gcc -O6
#TCC = /opt/ansic/bin/c89 -O +z -Wl,-a,archive

#### Tools used to build a static library.
#
................................................................................
SO = so
SHPREFIX = lib
# SO = dll
# SHPREFIX =

#### Extra compiler options needed for programs that use the TCL library.
#


TCL_FLAGS = -I/home/drh/tcl/include/tcl8.6



#### Linker options needed to link against the TCL library.
#
#LIBTCL = -ltcl -lm -ldl

LIBTCL = /home/drh/tcl/lib/libtcl8.6.a -lm -lpthread -ldl -lz


#### Additional objects for SQLite library when TCL support is enabled.
#TCLOBJ =
TCLOBJ = tclsqlite.o

#### Compiler options needed for programs that use the readline() library.
#

queryplantest:	testfixture.exe shell
	@set PATH=$(LIBTCLPATH);$(PATH)
	.\testfixture.exe $(TOP)\test\permutations.test queryplanner $(TESTOPTS)

fuzztest:	fuzzcheck.exe
	.\fuzzcheck.exe $(FUZZDATA)

fastfuzztest:	fuzzcheck.exe
	.\fuzzcheck.exe --limit-mem 100M $(FUZZDATA)

# Minimal testing that runs in less than 3 minutes (on a fast machine)
#
quicktest:	testfixture.exe sourcetest
	@set PATH=$(LIBTCLPATH);$(PATH)
	.\testfixture.exe $(TOP)\test\extraquick.test $(TESTOPTS)

# This is the common case.  Run many tests that do not take too long,
# including fuzzcheck, sqlite3_analyzer, and sqldiff tests.
#
test:	$(TESTPROGS) sourcetest fastfuzztest
	@set PATH=$(LIBTCLPATH);$(PATH)
	.\testfixture.exe $(TOP)\test\veryquick.test $(TESTOPTS)

smoketest:	$(TESTPROGS)
	@set PATH=$(LIBTCLPATH);$(PATH)
	.\testfixture.exe $(TOP)\test\main.test $(TESTOPTS)

queryplantest:	testfixture.exe shell
	@set PATH=$(LIBTCLPATH);$(PATH)
	.\testfixture.exe $(TOP)\test\permutations.test queryplanner $(TESTOPTS)

fuzztest:	fuzzcheck.exe
	.\fuzzcheck.exe $(FUZZDATA)




# Minimal testing that runs in less than 3 minutes (on a fast machine)
#
quicktest:	testfixture.exe sourcetest
	@set PATH=$(LIBTCLPATH);$(PATH)
	.\testfixture.exe $(TOP)\test\extraquick.test $(TESTOPTS)

# This is the common case.  Run many tests that do not take too long,
# including fuzzcheck, sqlite3_analyzer, and sqldiff tests.
#
test:	$(TESTPROGS) sourcetest fuzztest
	@set PATH=$(LIBTCLPATH);$(PATH)
	.\testfixture.exe $(TOP)\test\veryquick.test $(TESTOPTS)

smoketest:	$(TESTPROGS)
	@set PATH=$(LIBTCLPATH);$(PATH)
	.\testfixture.exe $(TOP)\test\main.test $(TESTOPTS)

3.30.0

3.31.0

OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3=1
OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE=1
OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_GEOPOLY=1
OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_JSON1=1
OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_STMTVTAB=1
OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_DBPAGE_VTAB=1
OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_DBSTAT_VTAB=1
OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_INTROSPECTION_PRAGMAS=1
OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE=1
!ENDIF
OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA=1
!ENDIF

# Should the session extension be enabled?  If so, add compilation options
# to enable it.

OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3=1
OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE=1
OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_GEOPOLY=1
OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_JSON1=1
OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_STMTVTAB=1
OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_DBPAGE_VTAB=1
OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_DBSTAT_VTAB=1

OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE=1
!ENDIF
OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA=1
!ENDIF

# Should the session extension be enabled?  If so, add compilation options
# to enable it.

#! /bin/sh
# Guess values for system-dependent variables and create Makefiles.
# Generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69 for sqlite 3.30.0.
#
#
# Copyright (C) 1992-1996, 1998-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
#
#
# This configure script is free software; the Free Software Foundation
# gives unlimited permission to copy, distribute and modify it.
................................................................................
subdirs=
MFLAGS=
MAKEFLAGS=

# Identity of this package.
PACKAGE_NAME='sqlite'
PACKAGE_TARNAME='sqlite'
PACKAGE_VERSION='3.30.0'
PACKAGE_STRING='sqlite 3.30.0'
PACKAGE_BUGREPORT=''
PACKAGE_URL=''

# Factoring default headers for most tests.
ac_includes_default="\
#include <stdio.h>
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
................................................................................
#
# Report the --help message.
#
if test "$ac_init_help" = "long"; then
  # Omit some internal or obsolete options to make the list less imposing.
  # This message is too long to be a string in the A/UX 3.1 sh.
  cat <<_ACEOF
\`configure' configures sqlite 3.30.0 to adapt to many kinds of systems.

Usage: $0 [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]...

To assign environment variables (e.g., CC, CFLAGS...), specify them as
VAR=VALUE.  See below for descriptions of some of the useful variables.

Defaults for the options are specified in brackets.
................................................................................
  --build=BUILD     configure for building on BUILD [guessed]
  --host=HOST       cross-compile to build programs to run on HOST [BUILD]
_ACEOF
fi

if test -n "$ac_init_help"; then
  case $ac_init_help in
     short | recursive ) echo "Configuration of sqlite 3.30.0:";;
   esac
  cat <<\_ACEOF

Optional Features:
  --disable-option-checking  ignore unrecognized --enable/--with options
  --disable-FEATURE       do not include FEATURE (same as --enable-FEATURE=no)
  --enable-FEATURE[=ARG]  include FEATURE [ARG=yes]
................................................................................
    cd "$ac_pwd" || { ac_status=$?; break; }
  done
fi

test -n "$ac_init_help" && exit $ac_status
if $ac_init_version; then
  cat <<\_ACEOF
sqlite configure 3.30.0
generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69

Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This configure script is free software; the Free Software Foundation
gives unlimited permission to copy, distribute and modify it.
_ACEOF
  exit
................................................................................
  eval $as_lineno_stack; ${as_lineno_stack:+:} unset as_lineno

} # ac_fn_c_check_header_mongrel
cat >config.log <<_ACEOF
This file contains any messages produced by compilers while
running configure, to aid debugging if configure makes a mistake.

It was created by sqlite $as_me 3.30.0, which was
generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69.  Invocation command line was

  $ $0 $@

_ACEOF
exec 5>>config.log
{
................................................................................
test $as_write_fail = 0 && chmod +x $CONFIG_STATUS || ac_write_fail=1

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
# Save the log message, to keep $0 and so on meaningful, and to
# report actual input values of CONFIG_FILES etc. instead of their
# values after options handling.
ac_log="
This file was extended by sqlite $as_me 3.30.0, which was
generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69.  Invocation command line was

  CONFIG_FILES    = $CONFIG_FILES
  CONFIG_HEADERS  = $CONFIG_HEADERS
  CONFIG_LINKS    = $CONFIG_LINKS
  CONFIG_COMMANDS = $CONFIG_COMMANDS
  $ $0 $@
................................................................................

Report bugs to the package provider."

_ACEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
ac_cs_config="`$as_echo "$ac_configure_args" | sed 's/^ //; s/[\\""\`\$]/\\\\&/g'`"
ac_cs_version="\\
sqlite config.status 3.30.0
configured by $0, generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69,
  with options \\"\$ac_cs_config\\"

Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This config.status script is free software; the Free Software Foundation
gives unlimited permission to copy, distribute and modify it."

#! /bin/sh
# Guess values for system-dependent variables and create Makefiles.
# Generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69 for sqlite 3.31.0.
#
#
# Copyright (C) 1992-1996, 1998-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
#
#
# This configure script is free software; the Free Software Foundation
# gives unlimited permission to copy, distribute and modify it.
................................................................................
subdirs=
MFLAGS=
MAKEFLAGS=

# Identity of this package.
PACKAGE_NAME='sqlite'
PACKAGE_TARNAME='sqlite'
PACKAGE_VERSION='3.31.0'
PACKAGE_STRING='sqlite 3.31.0'
PACKAGE_BUGREPORT=''
PACKAGE_URL=''

# Factoring default headers for most tests.
ac_includes_default="\
#include <stdio.h>
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
................................................................................
#
# Report the --help message.
#
if test "$ac_init_help" = "long"; then
  # Omit some internal or obsolete options to make the list less imposing.
  # This message is too long to be a string in the A/UX 3.1 sh.
  cat <<_ACEOF
\`configure' configures sqlite 3.31.0 to adapt to many kinds of systems.

Usage: $0 [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]...

To assign environment variables (e.g., CC, CFLAGS...), specify them as
VAR=VALUE.  See below for descriptions of some of the useful variables.

Defaults for the options are specified in brackets.
................................................................................
  --build=BUILD     configure for building on BUILD [guessed]
  --host=HOST       cross-compile to build programs to run on HOST [BUILD]
_ACEOF
fi

if test -n "$ac_init_help"; then
  case $ac_init_help in
     short | recursive ) echo "Configuration of sqlite 3.31.0:";;
   esac
  cat <<\_ACEOF

Optional Features:
  --disable-option-checking  ignore unrecognized --enable/--with options
  --disable-FEATURE       do not include FEATURE (same as --enable-FEATURE=no)
  --enable-FEATURE[=ARG]  include FEATURE [ARG=yes]
................................................................................
    cd "$ac_pwd" || { ac_status=$?; break; }
  done
fi

test -n "$ac_init_help" && exit $ac_status
if $ac_init_version; then
  cat <<\_ACEOF
sqlite configure 3.31.0
generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69

Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This configure script is free software; the Free Software Foundation
gives unlimited permission to copy, distribute and modify it.
_ACEOF
  exit
................................................................................
  eval $as_lineno_stack; ${as_lineno_stack:+:} unset as_lineno

} # ac_fn_c_check_header_mongrel
cat >config.log <<_ACEOF
This file contains any messages produced by compilers while
running configure, to aid debugging if configure makes a mistake.

It was created by sqlite $as_me 3.31.0, which was
generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69.  Invocation command line was

  $ $0 $@

_ACEOF
exec 5>>config.log
{
................................................................................
test $as_write_fail = 0 && chmod +x $CONFIG_STATUS || ac_write_fail=1

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
# Save the log message, to keep $0 and so on meaningful, and to
# report actual input values of CONFIG_FILES etc. instead of their
# values after options handling.
ac_log="
This file was extended by sqlite $as_me 3.31.0, which was
generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69.  Invocation command line was

  CONFIG_FILES    = $CONFIG_FILES
  CONFIG_HEADERS  = $CONFIG_HEADERS
  CONFIG_LINKS    = $CONFIG_LINKS
  CONFIG_COMMANDS = $CONFIG_COMMANDS
  $ $0 $@
................................................................................

Report bugs to the package provider."

_ACEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
ac_cs_config="`$as_echo "$ac_configure_args" | sed 's/^ //; s/[\\""\`\$]/\\\\&/g'`"
ac_cs_version="\\
sqlite config.status 3.31.0
configured by $0, generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69,
  with options \\"\$ac_cs_config\\"

Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This config.status script is free software; the Free Software Foundation
gives unlimited permission to copy, distribute and modify it."

} {
  SELECT a FROM t1 WHERE a=? ORDER BY b;
} {
  CREATE INDEX t1_idx_000123a7 ON t1(a, b);
  SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX t1_idx_000123a7 (a=?)
}


do_setup_rec_test $tn.6 {
  CREATE TABLE t1(a, b, c);
} {
  SELECT min(a) FROM t1
} {
  CREATE INDEX t1_idx_00000061 ON t1(a);
  SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX t1_idx_00000061

}

do_setup_rec_test $tn.7 {
  CREATE TABLE t1(a, b, c);
} {
  SELECT * FROM t1 ORDER BY a, b, c;
} {

} {
  SELECT a FROM t1 WHERE a=? ORDER BY b;
} {
  CREATE INDEX t1_idx_000123a7 ON t1(a, b);
  SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX t1_idx_000123a7 (a=?)
}

if 0 {
do_setup_rec_test $tn.6 {
  CREATE TABLE t1(a, b, c);
} {
  SELECT min(a) FROM t1
} {
  CREATE INDEX t1_idx_00000061 ON t1(a);
  SEARCH TABLE t1 USING COVERING INDEX t1_idx_00000061
}
}

do_setup_rec_test $tn.7 {
  CREATE TABLE t1(a, b, c);
} {
  SELECT * FROM t1 ORDER BY a, b, c;
} {

**
**    May you do good and not evil.
**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
*/


#include "sqlite3.h"

typedef struct sqlite3expert sqlite3expert;

/*
** Create a new sqlite3expert object.
**
................................................................................
/*
** Free an (sqlite3expert*) handle and all associated resources. There 
** should be one call to this function for each successful call to 
** sqlite3-expert_new().
*/
void sqlite3_expert_destroy(sqlite3expert*);

**
**    May you do good and not evil.
**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
*/
#if !defined(SQLITEEXPERT_H)
#define SQLITEEXPERT_H 1
#include "sqlite3.h"

typedef struct sqlite3expert sqlite3expert;

/*
** Create a new sqlite3expert object.
**
................................................................................
/*
** Free an (sqlite3expert*) handle and all associated resources. There 
** should be one call to this function for each successful call to 
** sqlite3-expert_new().
*/
void sqlite3_expert_destroy(sqlite3expert*);

#endif  /* !defined(SQLITEEXPERT_H) */

#include "fts3.h"
#ifndef SQLITE_CORE 
# include "sqlite3ext.h"
  SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1
#endif













static int fts3EvalNext(Fts3Cursor *pCsr);
static int fts3EvalStart(Fts3Cursor *pCsr);
static int fts3TermSegReaderCursor(
    Fts3Cursor *, const char *, int, int, Fts3MultiSegReader **);

#ifndef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
# if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
................................................................................
    p += n;
    *pp = p;
  }
  *ppPoslist = pEnd;
}

/*
** Value used to signify the end of an position-list. This is safe because
** it is not possible to have a document with 2^31 terms.

*/
#define POSITION_LIST_END 0x7fffffff

/*
** This function is used to help parse position-lists. When this function is
** called, *pp may point to the start of the next varint in the position-list
** being parsed, or it may point to 1 byte past the end of the position-list
** (in which case **pp will be a terminator bytes POS_END (0) or
** (1)).
................................................................................
    int iCol1;         /* The current column index in pp1 */
    int iCol2;         /* The current column index in pp2 */

    if( *p1==POS_COLUMN ){ 
      fts3GetVarint32(&p1[1], &iCol1);
      if( iCol1==0 ) return FTS_CORRUPT_VTAB;
    }
    else if( *p1==POS_END ) iCol1 = POSITION_LIST_END;
    else iCol1 = 0;

    if( *p2==POS_COLUMN ){
      fts3GetVarint32(&p2[1], &iCol2);
      if( iCol2==0 ) return FTS_CORRUPT_VTAB;
    }
    else if( *p2==POS_END ) iCol2 = POSITION_LIST_END;
    else iCol2 = 0;

    if( iCol1==iCol2 ){
      sqlite3_int64 i1 = 0;       /* Last position from pp1 */
      sqlite3_int64 i2 = 0;       /* Last position from pp2 */
      sqlite3_int64 iPrev = 0;
      int n = fts3PutColNumber(&p, iCol1);
................................................................................
static void fts3PutDeltaVarint3(
  char **pp,                      /* IN/OUT: Output pointer */
  int bDescIdx,                   /* True for descending docids */
  sqlite3_int64 *piPrev,          /* IN/OUT: Previous value written to list */
  int *pbFirst,                   /* IN/OUT: True after first int written */
  sqlite3_int64 iVal              /* Write this value to the list */
){
  sqlite3_int64 iWrite;
  if( bDescIdx==0 || *pbFirst==0 ){

    iWrite = iVal - *piPrev;
  }else{

    iWrite = *piPrev - iVal;
  }
  assert( *pbFirst || *piPrev==0 );
  assert( *pbFirst==0 || iWrite>0 );
  *pp += sqlite3Fts3PutVarint(*pp, iWrite);
  *piPrev = iVal;
  *pbFirst = 1;
}


/*
................................................................................
      fts3PoslistCopy(&p, &p1);
      fts3GetDeltaVarint3(&p1, pEnd1, bDescDoclist, &i1);
    }else{
      fts3PutDeltaVarint3(&p, bDescDoclist, &iPrev, &bFirstOut, i2);
      fts3PoslistCopy(&p, &p2);
      fts3GetDeltaVarint3(&p2, pEnd2, bDescDoclist, &i2);
    }


  }

  if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
    sqlite3_free(aOut);
    p = aOut = 0;
  }else{
    assert( (p-aOut)<=n1+n2+FTS3_VARINT_MAX-1 );
................................................................................
  }else{
    rc = fts3EvalNext((Fts3Cursor *)pCursor);
  }
  assert( ((Fts3Table *)pCsr->base.pVtab)->pSegments==0 );
  return rc;
}

/*
** The following are copied from sqliteInt.h.
**
** Constants for the largest and smallest possible 64-bit signed integers.
** These macros are designed to work correctly on both 32-bit and 64-bit
** compilers.
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
# define LARGEST_INT64  (0xffffffff|(((sqlite3_int64)0x7fffffff)<<32))
# define SMALLEST_INT64 (((sqlite3_int64)-1) - LARGEST_INT64)
#endif

/*
** If the numeric type of argument pVal is "integer", then return it
** converted to a 64-bit signed integer. Otherwise, return a copy of
** the second parameter, iDefault.
*/
static sqlite3_int64 fts3DocidRange(sqlite3_value *pVal, i64 iDefault){
  if( pVal ){

#include "fts3.h"
#ifndef SQLITE_CORE 
# include "sqlite3ext.h"
  SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1
#endif

/*
** The following are copied from sqliteInt.h.
**
** Constants for the largest and smallest possible 64-bit signed integers.
** These macros are designed to work correctly on both 32-bit and 64-bit
** compilers.
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
# define LARGEST_INT64  (0xffffffff|(((sqlite3_int64)0x7fffffff)<<32))
# define SMALLEST_INT64 (((sqlite3_int64)-1) - LARGEST_INT64)
#endif

static int fts3EvalNext(Fts3Cursor *pCsr);
static int fts3EvalStart(Fts3Cursor *pCsr);
static int fts3TermSegReaderCursor(
    Fts3Cursor *, const char *, int, int, Fts3MultiSegReader **);

#ifndef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
# if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
................................................................................
    p += n;
    *pp = p;
  }
  *ppPoslist = pEnd;
}

/*
** Value used to signify the end of an position-list. This must be
** as large or larger than any value that might appear on the
** position-list, even a position list that has been corrupted.
*/
#define POSITION_LIST_END LARGEST_INT64

/*
** This function is used to help parse position-lists. When this function is
** called, *pp may point to the start of the next varint in the position-list
** being parsed, or it may point to 1 byte past the end of the position-list
** (in which case **pp will be a terminator bytes POS_END (0) or
** (1)).
................................................................................
    int iCol1;         /* The current column index in pp1 */
    int iCol2;         /* The current column index in pp2 */

    if( *p1==POS_COLUMN ){ 
      fts3GetVarint32(&p1[1], &iCol1);
      if( iCol1==0 ) return FTS_CORRUPT_VTAB;
    }
    else if( *p1==POS_END ) iCol1 = 0x7fffffff;
    else iCol1 = 0;

    if( *p2==POS_COLUMN ){
      fts3GetVarint32(&p2[1], &iCol2);
      if( iCol2==0 ) return FTS_CORRUPT_VTAB;
    }
    else if( *p2==POS_END ) iCol2 = 0x7fffffff;
    else iCol2 = 0;

    if( iCol1==iCol2 ){
      sqlite3_int64 i1 = 0;       /* Last position from pp1 */
      sqlite3_int64 i2 = 0;       /* Last position from pp2 */
      sqlite3_int64 iPrev = 0;
      int n = fts3PutColNumber(&p, iCol1);
................................................................................
static void fts3PutDeltaVarint3(
  char **pp,                      /* IN/OUT: Output pointer */
  int bDescIdx,                   /* True for descending docids */
  sqlite3_int64 *piPrev,          /* IN/OUT: Previous value written to list */
  int *pbFirst,                   /* IN/OUT: True after first int written */
  sqlite3_int64 iVal              /* Write this value to the list */
){
  sqlite3_uint64 iWrite;
  if( bDescIdx==0 || *pbFirst==0 ){
    assert_fts3_nc( *pbFirst==0 || iVal>=*piPrev );
    iWrite = iVal - *piPrev;
  }else{
    assert_fts3_nc( *piPrev>=iVal );
    iWrite = *piPrev - iVal;
  }
  assert( *pbFirst || *piPrev==0 );
  assert_fts3_nc( *pbFirst==0 || iWrite>0 );
  *pp += sqlite3Fts3PutVarint(*pp, iWrite);
  *piPrev = iVal;
  *pbFirst = 1;
}


/*
................................................................................
      fts3PoslistCopy(&p, &p1);
      fts3GetDeltaVarint3(&p1, pEnd1, bDescDoclist, &i1);
    }else{
      fts3PutDeltaVarint3(&p, bDescDoclist, &iPrev, &bFirstOut, i2);
      fts3PoslistCopy(&p, &p2);
      fts3GetDeltaVarint3(&p2, pEnd2, bDescDoclist, &i2);
    }
    
    assert( (p-aOut)<=((p1?(p1-a1):n1)+(p2?(p2-a2):n2)+FTS3_VARINT_MAX-1) );
  }

  if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
    sqlite3_free(aOut);
    p = aOut = 0;
  }else{
    assert( (p-aOut)<=n1+n2+FTS3_VARINT_MAX-1 );
................................................................................
  }else{
    rc = fts3EvalNext((Fts3Cursor *)pCursor);
  }
  assert( ((Fts3Table *)pCsr->base.pVtab)->pSegments==0 );
  return rc;
}













/*
** If the numeric type of argument pVal is "integer", then return it
** converted to a 64-bit signed integer. Otherwise, return a copy of
** the second parameter, iDefault.
*/
static sqlite3_int64 fts3DocidRange(sqlite3_value *pVal, i64 iDefault){
  if( pVal ){

    SnippetPhrase *pPhrase = &pIter->aPhrase[i];
    if( pPhrase->pTail ){
      char *pCsr = pPhrase->pTail;
      int iCsr = pPhrase->iTail;

      while( iCsr<(iStart+pIter->nSnippet) && iCsr>=iStart ){
        int j;
        u64 mPhrase = (u64)1 << i;
        u64 mPos = (u64)1 << (iCsr - iStart);
        assert( iCsr>=iStart && (iCsr - iStart)<=64 );
        assert( i>=0 && i<=64 );
        if( (mCover|mCovered)&mPhrase ){
          iScore++;
        }else{
          iScore += 1000;
        }
        mCover |= mPhrase;

    SnippetPhrase *pPhrase = &pIter->aPhrase[i];
    if( pPhrase->pTail ){
      char *pCsr = pPhrase->pTail;
      int iCsr = pPhrase->iTail;

      while( iCsr<(iStart+pIter->nSnippet) && iCsr>=iStart ){
        int j;
        u64 mPhrase = (u64)1 << (i%64);
        u64 mPos = (u64)1 << (iCsr - iStart);
        assert( iCsr>=iStart && (iCsr - iStart)<=64 );
        assert( i>=0 );
        if( (mCover|mCovered)&mPhrase ){
          iScore++;
        }else{
          iScore += 1000;
        }
        mCover |= mPhrase;

        if( !isIgnoreEmpty || nList>0 ){

          /* Calculate the 'docid' delta value to write into the merged 
          ** doclist. */
          sqlite3_int64 iDelta;
          if( p->bDescIdx && nDoclist>0 ){

            iDelta = iPrev - iDocid;
          }else{

            iDelta = iDocid - iPrev;
          }
          if( iDelta<=0 && (nDoclist>0 || iDelta!=iDocid) ){
            return FTS_CORRUPT_VTAB;
          }
          assert( nDoclist>0 || iDelta==iDocid );

          nByte = sqlite3Fts3VarintLen(iDelta) + (isRequirePos?nList+1:0);
          if( nDoclist+nByte>pCsr->nBuffer ){
            char *aNew;
            pCsr->nBuffer = (nDoclist+nByte)*2;
            aNew = sqlite3_realloc(pCsr->aBuffer, pCsr->nBuffer);
            if( !aNew ){
................................................................................
** iIndex/iLangid combination.
*/
static int fts3DoOptimize(Fts3Table *p, int bReturnDone){
  int bSeenDone = 0;
  int rc;
  sqlite3_stmt *pAllLangid = 0;



  rc = fts3SqlStmt(p, SQL_SELECT_ALL_LANGID, &pAllLangid, 0);

  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    int rc2;
    sqlite3_bind_int(pAllLangid, 1, p->iPrevLangid);
    sqlite3_bind_int(pAllLangid, 2, p->nIndex);
    while( sqlite3_step(pAllLangid)==SQLITE_ROW ){
      int i;
      int iLangid = sqlite3_column_int(pAllLangid, 0);
................................................................................
      }
    }
    rc2 = sqlite3_reset(pAllLangid);
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = rc2;
  }

  sqlite3Fts3SegmentsClose(p);
  sqlite3Fts3PendingTermsClear(p);

  return (rc==SQLITE_OK && bReturnDone && bSeenDone) ? SQLITE_DONE : rc;
}

/*
** This function is called when the user executes the following statement:
**
................................................................................
*/
static int nodeReaderInit(NodeReader *p, const char *aNode, int nNode){
  memset(p, 0, sizeof(NodeReader));
  p->aNode = aNode;
  p->nNode = nNode;

  /* Figure out if this is a leaf or an internal node. */
  if( p->aNode[0] ){
    /* An internal node. */
    p->iOff = 1 + sqlite3Fts3GetVarint(&p->aNode[1], &p->iChild);
  }else{
    p->iOff = 1;
  }

  return nodeReaderNext(p);
}

/*
** This function is called while writing an FTS segment each time a leaf o
** node is finished and written to disk. The key (zTerm/nTerm) is guaranteed
** to be greater than the largest key on the node just written, but smaller
** than or equal to the first key that will be written to the next leaf
................................................................................
        memset(&pNode->block.a[nRoot], 0, FTS3_NODE_PADDING);
      }

      for(i=nHeight; i>=0 && rc==SQLITE_OK; i--){
        NodeReader reader;
        pNode = &pWriter->aNodeWriter[i];


        rc = nodeReaderInit(&reader, pNode->block.a, pNode->block.n);
        if( reader.aNode ){
          while( reader.aNode && rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = nodeReaderNext(&reader);
          blobGrowBuffer(&pNode->key, reader.term.n, &rc);
          if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
            memcpy(pNode->key.a, reader.term.a, reader.term.n);
            pNode->key.n = reader.term.n;
            if( i>0 ){
              char *aBlock = 0;
................................................................................
    }

    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      rc = fts3IncrmergeCsr(p, iAbsLevel, nSeg, pCsr);
    }
    if( SQLITE_OK==rc && pCsr->nSegment==nSeg
     && SQLITE_OK==(rc = sqlite3Fts3SegReaderStart(p, pCsr, pFilter))
     && SQLITE_ROW==(rc = sqlite3Fts3SegReaderStep(p, pCsr))
    ){








      if( bUseHint && iIdx>0 ){
        const char *zKey = pCsr->zTerm;
        int nKey = pCsr->nTerm;
        rc = fts3IncrmergeLoad(p, iAbsLevel, iIdx-1, zKey, nKey, pWriter);
      }else{
        rc = fts3IncrmergeWriter(p, iAbsLevel, iIdx, pCsr, pWriter);
      }

      if( rc==SQLITE_OK && pWriter->nLeafEst ){
        fts3LogMerge(nSeg, iAbsLevel);

        do {
          rc = fts3IncrmergeAppend(p, pWriter, pCsr);
          if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3Fts3SegReaderStep(p, pCsr);
          if( pWriter->nWork>=nRem && rc==SQLITE_ROW ) rc = SQLITE_OK;
        }while( rc==SQLITE_ROW );


        /* Update or delete the input segments */
        if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
          nRem -= (1 + pWriter->nWork);
          rc = fts3IncrmergeChomp(p, iAbsLevel, pCsr, &nSeg);
          if( nSeg!=0 ){
            bDirtyHint = 1;
................................................................................
          if( iVal==0 || iVal==1 ){
            iCol = 0;
            iPos = 0;
            if( iVal ){
              pCsr += sqlite3Fts3GetVarint(pCsr, &iCol);
            }else{
              pCsr += sqlite3Fts3GetVarint(pCsr, &iVal);



              iDocid += iVal;

            }
          }else{
            iPos += (iVal - 2);
            cksum = cksum ^ fts3ChecksumEntry(
                csr.zTerm, csr.nTerm, iLangid, iIndex, iDocid,
                (int)iCol, (int)iPos
            );
................................................................................
      i64 iDocid = sqlite3_column_int64(pStmt, 0);
      int iLang = langidFromSelect(p, pStmt);
      int iCol;

      for(iCol=0; rc==SQLITE_OK && iCol<p->nColumn; iCol++){
        if( p->abNotindexed[iCol]==0 ){
          const char *zText = (const char *)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, iCol+1);
          int nText = sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt, iCol+1);
          sqlite3_tokenizer_cursor *pT = 0;

          rc = sqlite3Fts3OpenTokenizer(p->pTokenizer, iLang, zText, nText,&pT);
          while( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
            char const *zToken;       /* Buffer containing token */
            int nToken = 0;           /* Number of bytes in token */
            int iDum1 = 0, iDum2 = 0; /* Dummy variables */
            int iPos = 0;             /* Position of token in zText */

            rc = pModule->xNext(pT, &zToken, &nToken, &iDum1, &iDum2, &iPos);

        if( !isIgnoreEmpty || nList>0 ){

          /* Calculate the 'docid' delta value to write into the merged 
          ** doclist. */
          sqlite3_int64 iDelta;
          if( p->bDescIdx && nDoclist>0 ){
            if( iPrev<=iDocid ) return FTS_CORRUPT_VTAB;
            iDelta = iPrev - iDocid;
          }else{
            if( nDoclist>0 && iPrev>=iDocid ) return FTS_CORRUPT_VTAB;
            iDelta = iDocid - iPrev;
          }





          nByte = sqlite3Fts3VarintLen(iDelta) + (isRequirePos?nList+1:0);
          if( nDoclist+nByte>pCsr->nBuffer ){
            char *aNew;
            pCsr->nBuffer = (nDoclist+nByte)*2;
            aNew = sqlite3_realloc(pCsr->aBuffer, pCsr->nBuffer);
            if( !aNew ){
................................................................................
** iIndex/iLangid combination.
*/
static int fts3DoOptimize(Fts3Table *p, int bReturnDone){
  int bSeenDone = 0;
  int rc;
  sqlite3_stmt *pAllLangid = 0;

  rc = sqlite3Fts3PendingTermsFlush(p);
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    rc = fts3SqlStmt(p, SQL_SELECT_ALL_LANGID, &pAllLangid, 0);
  }
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    int rc2;
    sqlite3_bind_int(pAllLangid, 1, p->iPrevLangid);
    sqlite3_bind_int(pAllLangid, 2, p->nIndex);
    while( sqlite3_step(pAllLangid)==SQLITE_ROW ){
      int i;
      int iLangid = sqlite3_column_int(pAllLangid, 0);
................................................................................
      }
    }
    rc2 = sqlite3_reset(pAllLangid);
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = rc2;
  }

  sqlite3Fts3SegmentsClose(p);


  return (rc==SQLITE_OK && bReturnDone && bSeenDone) ? SQLITE_DONE : rc;
}

/*
** This function is called when the user executes the following statement:
**
................................................................................
*/
static int nodeReaderInit(NodeReader *p, const char *aNode, int nNode){
  memset(p, 0, sizeof(NodeReader));
  p->aNode = aNode;
  p->nNode = nNode;

  /* Figure out if this is a leaf or an internal node. */
  if( aNode && aNode[0] ){
    /* An internal node. */
    p->iOff = 1 + sqlite3Fts3GetVarint(&p->aNode[1], &p->iChild);
  }else{
    p->iOff = 1;
  }

  return aNode ? nodeReaderNext(p) : SQLITE_OK;
}

/*
** This function is called while writing an FTS segment each time a leaf o
** node is finished and written to disk. The key (zTerm/nTerm) is guaranteed
** to be greater than the largest key on the node just written, but smaller
** than or equal to the first key that will be written to the next leaf
................................................................................
        memset(&pNode->block.a[nRoot], 0, FTS3_NODE_PADDING);
      }

      for(i=nHeight; i>=0 && rc==SQLITE_OK; i--){
        NodeReader reader;
        pNode = &pWriter->aNodeWriter[i];

        if( pNode->block.a){
          rc = nodeReaderInit(&reader, pNode->block.a, pNode->block.n);

          while( reader.aNode && rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = nodeReaderNext(&reader);
          blobGrowBuffer(&pNode->key, reader.term.n, &rc);
          if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
            memcpy(pNode->key.a, reader.term.a, reader.term.n);
            pNode->key.n = reader.term.n;
            if( i>0 ){
              char *aBlock = 0;
................................................................................
    }

    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      rc = fts3IncrmergeCsr(p, iAbsLevel, nSeg, pCsr);
    }
    if( SQLITE_OK==rc && pCsr->nSegment==nSeg
     && SQLITE_OK==(rc = sqlite3Fts3SegReaderStart(p, pCsr, pFilter))

    ){
      int bEmpty = 0;
      rc = sqlite3Fts3SegReaderStep(p, pCsr);
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        bEmpty = 1;
      }else if( rc!=SQLITE_ROW ){
        sqlite3Fts3SegReaderFinish(pCsr);
        break;
      }
      if( bUseHint && iIdx>0 ){
        const char *zKey = pCsr->zTerm;
        int nKey = pCsr->nTerm;
        rc = fts3IncrmergeLoad(p, iAbsLevel, iIdx-1, zKey, nKey, pWriter);
      }else{
        rc = fts3IncrmergeWriter(p, iAbsLevel, iIdx, pCsr, pWriter);
      }

      if( rc==SQLITE_OK && pWriter->nLeafEst ){
        fts3LogMerge(nSeg, iAbsLevel);
        if( bEmpty==0 ){
          do {
            rc = fts3IncrmergeAppend(p, pWriter, pCsr);
            if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3Fts3SegReaderStep(p, pCsr);
            if( pWriter->nWork>=nRem && rc==SQLITE_ROW ) rc = SQLITE_OK;
          }while( rc==SQLITE_ROW );
        }

        /* Update or delete the input segments */
        if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
          nRem -= (1 + pWriter->nWork);
          rc = fts3IncrmergeChomp(p, iAbsLevel, pCsr, &nSeg);
          if( nSeg!=0 ){
            bDirtyHint = 1;
................................................................................
          if( iVal==0 || iVal==1 ){
            iCol = 0;
            iPos = 0;
            if( iVal ){
              pCsr += sqlite3Fts3GetVarint(pCsr, &iCol);
            }else{
              pCsr += sqlite3Fts3GetVarint(pCsr, &iVal);
              if( p->bDescIdx ){
                iDocid -= iVal;
              }else{
                iDocid += iVal;
              }
            }
          }else{
            iPos += (iVal - 2);
            cksum = cksum ^ fts3ChecksumEntry(
                csr.zTerm, csr.nTerm, iLangid, iIndex, iDocid,
                (int)iCol, (int)iPos
            );
................................................................................
      i64 iDocid = sqlite3_column_int64(pStmt, 0);
      int iLang = langidFromSelect(p, pStmt);
      int iCol;

      for(iCol=0; rc==SQLITE_OK && iCol<p->nColumn; iCol++){
        if( p->abNotindexed[iCol]==0 ){
          const char *zText = (const char *)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, iCol+1);

          sqlite3_tokenizer_cursor *pT = 0;

          rc = sqlite3Fts3OpenTokenizer(p->pTokenizer, iLang, zText, -1, &pT);
          while( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
            char const *zToken;       /* Buffer containing token */
            int nToken = 0;           /* Number of bytes in token */
            int iDum1 = 0, iDum2 = 0; /* Dummy variables */
            int iPos = 0;             /* Position of token in zText */

            rc = pModule->xNext(pT, &zToken, &nToken, &iDum1, &iDum2, &iPos);

/*
** Maximum number of prefix indexes on single FTS5 table. This must be
** less than 32. If it is set to anything large than that, an #error
** directive in fts5_index.c will cause the build to fail.
*/
#define FTS5_MAX_PREFIX_INDEXES 31






#define FTS5_DEFAULT_NEARDIST 10
#define FTS5_DEFAULT_RANK     "bm25"

/* Name of rank and rowid columns */
#define FTS5_RANK_NAME "rank"
#define FTS5_ROWID_NAME "rowid"

................................................................................
int sqlite3Fts5IterNextFrom(Fts5IndexIter*, i64 iMatch);

/*
** Close an iterator opened by sqlite3Fts5IndexQuery().
*/
void sqlite3Fts5IterClose(Fts5IndexIter*);






/*
** This interface is used by the fts5vocab module.
*/
const char *sqlite3Fts5IterTerm(Fts5IndexIter*, int*);
int sqlite3Fts5IterNextScan(Fts5IndexIter*);


................................................................................
*/
int sqlite3Fts5ExprFirst(Fts5Expr*, Fts5Index *pIdx, i64 iMin, int bDesc);
int sqlite3Fts5ExprNext(Fts5Expr*, i64 iMax);
int sqlite3Fts5ExprEof(Fts5Expr*);
i64 sqlite3Fts5ExprRowid(Fts5Expr*);

void sqlite3Fts5ExprFree(Fts5Expr*);


/* Called during startup to register a UDF with SQLite */
int sqlite3Fts5ExprInit(Fts5Global*, sqlite3*);

int sqlite3Fts5ExprPhraseCount(Fts5Expr*);
int sqlite3Fts5ExprPhraseSize(Fts5Expr*, int iPhrase);
int sqlite3Fts5ExprPoslist(Fts5Expr*, int, const u8 **);

/*
** Maximum number of prefix indexes on single FTS5 table. This must be
** less than 32. If it is set to anything large than that, an #error
** directive in fts5_index.c will cause the build to fail.
*/
#define FTS5_MAX_PREFIX_INDEXES 31

/*
** Maximum segments permitted in a single index 
*/
#define FTS5_MAX_SEGMENT 2000

#define FTS5_DEFAULT_NEARDIST 10
#define FTS5_DEFAULT_RANK     "bm25"

/* Name of rank and rowid columns */
#define FTS5_RANK_NAME "rank"
#define FTS5_ROWID_NAME "rowid"

................................................................................
int sqlite3Fts5IterNextFrom(Fts5IndexIter*, i64 iMatch);

/*
** Close an iterator opened by sqlite3Fts5IndexQuery().
*/
void sqlite3Fts5IterClose(Fts5IndexIter*);

/*
** Close the reader blob handle, if it is open.
*/
void sqlite3Fts5IndexCloseReader(Fts5Index*);

/*
** This interface is used by the fts5vocab module.
*/
const char *sqlite3Fts5IterTerm(Fts5IndexIter*, int*);
int sqlite3Fts5IterNextScan(Fts5IndexIter*);


................................................................................
*/
int sqlite3Fts5ExprFirst(Fts5Expr*, Fts5Index *pIdx, i64 iMin, int bDesc);
int sqlite3Fts5ExprNext(Fts5Expr*, i64 iMax);
int sqlite3Fts5ExprEof(Fts5Expr*);
i64 sqlite3Fts5ExprRowid(Fts5Expr*);

void sqlite3Fts5ExprFree(Fts5Expr*);
int sqlite3Fts5ExprAnd(Fts5Expr **pp1, Fts5Expr *p2);

/* Called during startup to register a UDF with SQLite */
int sqlite3Fts5ExprInit(Fts5Global*, sqlite3*);

int sqlite3Fts5ExprPhraseCount(Fts5Expr*);
int sqlite3Fts5ExprPhraseSize(Fts5Expr*, int iPhrase);
int sqlite3Fts5ExprPoslist(Fts5Expr*, int, const u8 **);

#define FTS5_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE   4050
#define FTS5_DEFAULT_AUTOMERGE      4
#define FTS5_DEFAULT_USERMERGE      4
#define FTS5_DEFAULT_CRISISMERGE   16
#define FTS5_DEFAULT_HASHSIZE    (1024*1024)

/* Maximum allowed page size */
#define FTS5_MAX_PAGE_SIZE (128*1024)

static int fts5_iswhitespace(char x){
  return (x==' ');
}

static int fts5_isopenquote(char x){
  return (x=='"' || x=='\'' || x=='[' || x=='`');
................................................................................
  );

  assert( zSql || rc==SQLITE_NOMEM );
  if( zSql ){
    rc = sqlite3_declare_vtab(pConfig->db, zSql);
    sqlite3_free(zSql);
  }
  
  return rc;
}

/*
** Tokenize the text passed via the second and third arguments.
**
** The callback is invoked once for each token in the input text. The
................................................................................
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;

  if( 0==sqlite3_stricmp(zKey, "pgsz") ){
    int pgsz = 0;
    if( SQLITE_INTEGER==sqlite3_value_numeric_type(pVal) ){
      pgsz = sqlite3_value_int(pVal);
    }
    if( pgsz<=0 || pgsz>FTS5_MAX_PAGE_SIZE ){
      *pbBadkey = 1;
    }else{
      pConfig->pgsz = pgsz;
    }
  }

  else if( 0==sqlite3_stricmp(zKey, "hashsize") ){
................................................................................
    if( SQLITE_INTEGER==sqlite3_value_numeric_type(pVal) ){
      nCrisisMerge = sqlite3_value_int(pVal);
    }
    if( nCrisisMerge<0 ){
      *pbBadkey = 1;
    }else{
      if( nCrisisMerge<=1 ) nCrisisMerge = FTS5_DEFAULT_CRISISMERGE;

      pConfig->nCrisisMerge = nCrisisMerge;
    }
  }

  else if( 0==sqlite3_stricmp(zKey, "rank") ){
    const char *zIn = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(pVal);
    char *zRank;

#define FTS5_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE   4050
#define FTS5_DEFAULT_AUTOMERGE      4
#define FTS5_DEFAULT_USERMERGE      4
#define FTS5_DEFAULT_CRISISMERGE   16
#define FTS5_DEFAULT_HASHSIZE    (1024*1024)

/* Maximum allowed page size */
#define FTS5_MAX_PAGE_SIZE (64*1024)

static int fts5_iswhitespace(char x){
  return (x==' ');
}

static int fts5_isopenquote(char x){
  return (x=='"' || x=='\'' || x=='[' || x=='`');
................................................................................
  );

  assert( zSql || rc==SQLITE_NOMEM );
  if( zSql ){
    rc = sqlite3_declare_vtab(pConfig->db, zSql);
    sqlite3_free(zSql);
  }
 
  return rc;
}

/*
** Tokenize the text passed via the second and third arguments.
**
** The callback is invoked once for each token in the input text. The
................................................................................
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;

  if( 0==sqlite3_stricmp(zKey, "pgsz") ){
    int pgsz = 0;
    if( SQLITE_INTEGER==sqlite3_value_numeric_type(pVal) ){
      pgsz = sqlite3_value_int(pVal);
    }
    if( pgsz<32 || pgsz>FTS5_MAX_PAGE_SIZE ){
      *pbBadkey = 1;
    }else{
      pConfig->pgsz = pgsz;
    }
  }

  else if( 0==sqlite3_stricmp(zKey, "hashsize") ){
................................................................................
    if( SQLITE_INTEGER==sqlite3_value_numeric_type(pVal) ){
      nCrisisMerge = sqlite3_value_int(pVal);
    }
    if( nCrisisMerge<0 ){
      *pbBadkey = 1;
    }else{
      if( nCrisisMerge<=1 ) nCrisisMerge = FTS5_DEFAULT_CRISISMERGE;
      if( nCrisisMerge>=FTS5_MAX_SEGMENT ) nCrisisMerge = FTS5_MAX_SEGMENT-1;
      pConfig->nCrisisMerge = nCrisisMerge;
    }
  }

  else if( 0==sqlite3_stricmp(zKey, "rank") ){
    const char *zIn = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(pVal);
    char *zRank;

void sqlite3Fts5ExprFree(Fts5Expr *p){
  if( p ){
    sqlite3Fts5ParseNodeFree(p->pRoot);
    sqlite3_free(p->apExprPhrase);
    sqlite3_free(p);
  }
}





































/*
** Argument pTerm must be a synonym iterator. Return the current rowid
** that it points to.
*/
static i64 fts5ExprSynonymRowid(Fts5ExprTerm *pTerm, int bDesc, int *pbEof){
  i64 iRet = 0;

void sqlite3Fts5ExprFree(Fts5Expr *p){
  if( p ){
    sqlite3Fts5ParseNodeFree(p->pRoot);
    sqlite3_free(p->apExprPhrase);
    sqlite3_free(p);
  }
}

int sqlite3Fts5ExprAnd(Fts5Expr **pp1, Fts5Expr *p2){
  Fts5Parse sParse;
  memset(&sParse, 0, sizeof(sParse));

  if( *pp1 ){
    Fts5Expr *p1 = *pp1;
    int nPhrase = p1->nPhrase + p2->nPhrase;

    p1->pRoot = sqlite3Fts5ParseNode(&sParse, FTS5_AND, p1->pRoot, p2->pRoot,0);
    p2->pRoot = 0;

    if( sParse.rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      Fts5ExprPhrase **ap = (Fts5ExprPhrase**)sqlite3_realloc(
          p1->apExprPhrase, nPhrase * sizeof(Fts5ExprPhrase*)
      );
      if( ap==0 ){
        sParse.rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
      }else{
        int i;
        memmove(&ap[p2->nPhrase], ap, p1->nPhrase*sizeof(Fts5ExprPhrase*));
        for(i=0; i<p2->nPhrase; i++){
          ap[i] = p2->apExprPhrase[i];
        }
        p1->nPhrase = nPhrase;
        p1->apExprPhrase = ap;
      }
    }
    sqlite3_free(p2->apExprPhrase);
    sqlite3_free(p2);
  }else{
    *pp1 = p2;
  }

  return sParse.rc;
}

/*
** Argument pTerm must be a synonym iterator. Return the current rowid
** that it points to.
*/
static i64 fts5ExprSynonymRowid(Fts5ExprTerm *pTerm, int bDesc, int *pbEof){
  i64 iRet = 0;

 ((i64)(height) << (FTS5_DATA_PAGE_B)) +                                       \
 ((i64)(pgno))                                                                 \
)

#define FTS5_SEGMENT_ROWID(segid, pgno)       fts5_dri(segid, 0, 0, pgno)
#define FTS5_DLIDX_ROWID(segid, height, pgno) fts5_dri(segid, 1, height, pgno)

/*
** Maximum segments permitted in a single index 
*/
#define FTS5_MAX_SEGMENT 2000

#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
int sqlite3Fts5Corrupt() { return SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB; }
#endif


/*
** Each time a blob is read from the %_data table, it is padded with this
................................................................................
  fts5GetVarint32(&pLeaf->p[pLeaf->szLeaf], ret);
  return ret;
}

/*
** Close the read-only blob handle, if it is open.
*/
static void fts5CloseReader(Fts5Index *p){
  if( p->pReader ){
    sqlite3_blob *pReader = p->pReader;
    p->pReader = 0;
    sqlite3_blob_close(pReader);
  }
}

................................................................................
      ** is required.  */
      sqlite3_blob *pBlob = p->pReader;
      p->pReader = 0;
      rc = sqlite3_blob_reopen(pBlob, iRowid);
      assert( p->pReader==0 );
      p->pReader = pBlob;
      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        fts5CloseReader(p);
      }
      if( rc==SQLITE_ABORT ) rc = SQLITE_OK;
    }

    /* If the blob handle is not open at this point, open it and seek 
    ** to the requested entry.  */
    if( p->pReader==0 && rc==SQLITE_OK ){
................................................................................
static void fts5DataRelease(Fts5Data *pData){
  sqlite3_free(pData);
}

static Fts5Data *fts5LeafRead(Fts5Index *p, i64 iRowid){
  Fts5Data *pRet = fts5DataRead(p, iRowid);
  if( pRet ){
    if( pRet->szLeaf>pRet->nn ){
      p->rc = FTS5_CORRUPT;
      fts5DataRelease(pRet);
      pRet = 0;
    }
  }
  return pRet;
}
................................................................................
        int nCopy;
        u8 *aCopy;

        i64 iPrev = 0;
        Fts5PoslistWriter writer;
        memset(&writer, 0, sizeof(writer));




        fts5MergeAppendDocid(&out, iLastRowid, i2.iRowid);
        fts5BufferZero(&tmp);
        sqlite3Fts5BufferSize(&p->rc, &tmp, i1.nPoslist + i2.nPoslist);
        if( p->rc ) break;

        sqlite3Fts5PoslistNext64(a1, i1.nPoslist, &iOff1, &iPos1);
        sqlite3Fts5PoslistNext64(a2, i2.nPoslist, &iOff2, &iPos2);
        assert_nc( iPos1>=0 && iPos2>=0 );

        if( iPos1<iPos2 ){
................................................................................
          nCopy = i2.nPoslist - iOff2;
        }
        if( nCopy>0 ){
          fts5BufferSafeAppendBlob(&tmp, aCopy, nCopy);
        }

        /* WRITEPOSLISTSIZE */






        fts5BufferSafeAppendVarint(&out, tmp.n * 2);
        fts5BufferSafeAppendBlob(&out, tmp.p, tmp.n);
        fts5DoclistIterNext(&i1);
        fts5DoclistIterNext(&i2);
        assert_nc( out.n<=(p1->n+p2->n+9) );
        if( i1.aPoslist==0 || i2.aPoslist==0 ) break;
        assert( out.n<=((i1.aPoslist-p1->p) + (i2.aPoslist-p2->p)+9+10+10) );
................................................................................

/*
** Commit data to disk.
*/
int sqlite3Fts5IndexSync(Fts5Index *p){
  assert( p->rc==SQLITE_OK );
  fts5IndexFlush(p);
  fts5CloseReader(p);
  return fts5IndexReturn(p);
}

/*
** Discard any data stored in the in-memory hash tables. Do not write it
** to the database. Additionally, assume that the contents of the %_data
** table may have changed on disk. So any in-memory caches of %_data 
** records must be invalidated.
*/
int sqlite3Fts5IndexRollback(Fts5Index *p){
  fts5CloseReader(p);
  fts5IndexDiscardData(p);
  fts5StructureInvalidate(p);
  /* assert( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ); */
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

/*
................................................................................
** The %_data table is completely empty when this function is called. This
** function populates it with the initial structure objects for each index,
** and the initial version of the "averages" record (a zero-byte blob).
*/
int sqlite3Fts5IndexReinit(Fts5Index *p){
  Fts5Structure s;
  fts5StructureInvalidate(p);

  memset(&s, 0, sizeof(Fts5Structure));
  fts5DataWrite(p, FTS5_AVERAGES_ROWID, (const u8*)"", 0);
  fts5StructureWrite(p, &s);
  return fts5IndexReturn(p);
}

/*
................................................................................
  int nChar
){
  int n = 0;
  int i;
  for(i=0; i<nChar; i++){
    if( n>=nByte ) return 0;      /* Input contains fewer than nChar chars */
    if( (unsigned char)p[n++]>=0xc0 ){

      while( (p[n] & 0xc0)==0x80 ){
        n++;
        if( n>=nByte ) break;
      }
    }
  }
  return n;
................................................................................
        if( pSeg->pLeaf ) pRet->xSetOutputs(pRet, pSeg);
      }
    }

    if( p->rc ){
      sqlite3Fts5IterClose((Fts5IndexIter*)pRet);
      pRet = 0;
      fts5CloseReader(p);
    }

    *ppIter = (Fts5IndexIter*)pRet;
    sqlite3Fts5BufferFree(&buf);
  }
  return fts5IndexReturn(p);
}
................................................................................
** Close an iterator opened by an earlier call to sqlite3Fts5IndexQuery().
*/
void sqlite3Fts5IterClose(Fts5IndexIter *pIndexIter){
  if( pIndexIter ){
    Fts5Iter *pIter = (Fts5Iter*)pIndexIter;
    Fts5Index *pIndex = pIter->pIndex;
    fts5MultiIterFree(pIter);
    fts5CloseReader(pIndex);
  }
}

/*
** Read and decode the "averages" record from the database. 
**
** Parameter anSize must point to an array of size nCol, where nCol is
................................................................................
  int rc2;
  int iIdxPrevLeaf = pSeg->pgnoFirst-1;
  int iDlidxPrevLeaf = pSeg->pgnoLast;

  if( pSeg->pgnoFirst==0 ) return;

  fts5IndexPrepareStmt(p, &pStmt, sqlite3_mprintf(
      "SELECT segid, term, (pgno>>1), (pgno&1) FROM %Q.'%q_idx' WHERE segid=%d",

      pConfig->zDb, pConfig->zName, pSeg->iSegid
  ));

  /* Iterate through the b-tree hierarchy.  */
  while( p->rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
    i64 iRow;                     /* Rowid for this leaf */
    Fts5Data *pLeaf;              /* Data for this leaf */

 ((i64)(height) << (FTS5_DATA_PAGE_B)) +                                       \
 ((i64)(pgno))                                                                 \
)

#define FTS5_SEGMENT_ROWID(segid, pgno)       fts5_dri(segid, 0, 0, pgno)
#define FTS5_DLIDX_ROWID(segid, height, pgno) fts5_dri(segid, 1, height, pgno)






#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
int sqlite3Fts5Corrupt() { return SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB; }
#endif


/*
** Each time a blob is read from the %_data table, it is padded with this
................................................................................
  fts5GetVarint32(&pLeaf->p[pLeaf->szLeaf], ret);
  return ret;
}

/*
** Close the read-only blob handle, if it is open.
*/
void sqlite3Fts5IndexCloseReader(Fts5Index *p){
  if( p->pReader ){
    sqlite3_blob *pReader = p->pReader;
    p->pReader = 0;
    sqlite3_blob_close(pReader);
  }
}

................................................................................
      ** is required.  */
      sqlite3_blob *pBlob = p->pReader;
      p->pReader = 0;
      rc = sqlite3_blob_reopen(pBlob, iRowid);
      assert( p->pReader==0 );
      p->pReader = pBlob;
      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        sqlite3Fts5IndexCloseReader(p);
      }
      if( rc==SQLITE_ABORT ) rc = SQLITE_OK;
    }

    /* If the blob handle is not open at this point, open it and seek 
    ** to the requested entry.  */
    if( p->pReader==0 && rc==SQLITE_OK ){
................................................................................
static void fts5DataRelease(Fts5Data *pData){
  sqlite3_free(pData);
}

static Fts5Data *fts5LeafRead(Fts5Index *p, i64 iRowid){
  Fts5Data *pRet = fts5DataRead(p, iRowid);
  if( pRet ){
    if( pRet->nn<4 || pRet->szLeaf>pRet->nn ){
      p->rc = FTS5_CORRUPT;
      fts5DataRelease(pRet);
      pRet = 0;
    }
  }
  return pRet;
}
................................................................................
        int nCopy;
        u8 *aCopy;

        i64 iPrev = 0;
        Fts5PoslistWriter writer;
        memset(&writer, 0, sizeof(writer));

        /* See the earlier comment in this function for an explanation of why
        ** corrupt input position lists might cause the output to consume
        ** at most 20 bytes of unexpected space. */
        fts5MergeAppendDocid(&out, iLastRowid, i2.iRowid);
        fts5BufferZero(&tmp);
        sqlite3Fts5BufferSize(&p->rc, &tmp, i1.nPoslist + i2.nPoslist + 10 + 10);
        if( p->rc ) break;

        sqlite3Fts5PoslistNext64(a1, i1.nPoslist, &iOff1, &iPos1);
        sqlite3Fts5PoslistNext64(a2, i2.nPoslist, &iOff2, &iPos2);
        assert_nc( iPos1>=0 && iPos2>=0 );

        if( iPos1<iPos2 ){
................................................................................
          nCopy = i2.nPoslist - iOff2;
        }
        if( nCopy>0 ){
          fts5BufferSafeAppendBlob(&tmp, aCopy, nCopy);
        }

        /* WRITEPOSLISTSIZE */
        assert_nc( tmp.n<=i1.nPoslist+i2.nPoslist );
        assert( tmp.n<=i1.nPoslist+i2.nPoslist+10+10 );
        if( tmp.n>i1.nPoslist+i2.nPoslist ){
          if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ) p->rc = FTS5_CORRUPT;
          break;
        }
        fts5BufferSafeAppendVarint(&out, tmp.n * 2);
        fts5BufferSafeAppendBlob(&out, tmp.p, tmp.n);
        fts5DoclistIterNext(&i1);
        fts5DoclistIterNext(&i2);
        assert_nc( out.n<=(p1->n+p2->n+9) );
        if( i1.aPoslist==0 || i2.aPoslist==0 ) break;
        assert( out.n<=((i1.aPoslist-p1->p) + (i2.aPoslist-p2->p)+9+10+10) );
................................................................................

/*
** Commit data to disk.
*/
int sqlite3Fts5IndexSync(Fts5Index *p){
  assert( p->rc==SQLITE_OK );
  fts5IndexFlush(p);
  sqlite3Fts5IndexCloseReader(p);
  return fts5IndexReturn(p);
}

/*
** Discard any data stored in the in-memory hash tables. Do not write it
** to the database. Additionally, assume that the contents of the %_data
** table may have changed on disk. So any in-memory caches of %_data 
** records must be invalidated.
*/
int sqlite3Fts5IndexRollback(Fts5Index *p){
  sqlite3Fts5IndexCloseReader(p);
  fts5IndexDiscardData(p);
  fts5StructureInvalidate(p);
  /* assert( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ); */
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

/*
................................................................................
** The %_data table is completely empty when this function is called. This
** function populates it with the initial structure objects for each index,
** and the initial version of the "averages" record (a zero-byte blob).
*/
int sqlite3Fts5IndexReinit(Fts5Index *p){
  Fts5Structure s;
  fts5StructureInvalidate(p);
  fts5IndexDiscardData(p);
  memset(&s, 0, sizeof(Fts5Structure));
  fts5DataWrite(p, FTS5_AVERAGES_ROWID, (const u8*)"", 0);
  fts5StructureWrite(p, &s);
  return fts5IndexReturn(p);
}

/*
................................................................................
  int nChar
){
  int n = 0;
  int i;
  for(i=0; i<nChar; i++){
    if( n>=nByte ) return 0;      /* Input contains fewer than nChar chars */
    if( (unsigned char)p[n++]>=0xc0 ){
      if( n>=nByte ) break;
      while( (p[n] & 0xc0)==0x80 ){
        n++;
        if( n>=nByte ) break;
      }
    }
  }
  return n;
................................................................................
        if( pSeg->pLeaf ) pRet->xSetOutputs(pRet, pSeg);
      }
    }

    if( p->rc ){
      sqlite3Fts5IterClose((Fts5IndexIter*)pRet);
      pRet = 0;
      sqlite3Fts5IndexCloseReader(p);
    }

    *ppIter = (Fts5IndexIter*)pRet;
    sqlite3Fts5BufferFree(&buf);
  }
  return fts5IndexReturn(p);
}
................................................................................
** Close an iterator opened by an earlier call to sqlite3Fts5IndexQuery().
*/
void sqlite3Fts5IterClose(Fts5IndexIter *pIndexIter){
  if( pIndexIter ){
    Fts5Iter *pIter = (Fts5Iter*)pIndexIter;
    Fts5Index *pIndex = pIter->pIndex;
    fts5MultiIterFree(pIter);
    sqlite3Fts5IndexCloseReader(pIndex);
  }
}

/*
** Read and decode the "averages" record from the database. 
**
** Parameter anSize must point to an array of size nCol, where nCol is
................................................................................
  int rc2;
  int iIdxPrevLeaf = pSeg->pgnoFirst-1;
  int iDlidxPrevLeaf = pSeg->pgnoLast;

  if( pSeg->pgnoFirst==0 ) return;

  fts5IndexPrepareStmt(p, &pStmt, sqlite3_mprintf(
      "SELECT segid, term, (pgno>>1), (pgno&1) FROM %Q.'%q_idx' WHERE segid=%d "
      "ORDER BY 1, 2",
      pConfig->zDb, pConfig->zName, pSeg->iSegid
  ));

  /* Iterate through the b-tree hierarchy.  */
  while( p->rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
    i64 iRow;                     /* Rowid for this leaf */
    Fts5Data *pLeaf;              /* Data for this leaf */

#endif
}

/*
** Implementation of the xBestIndex method for FTS5 tables. Within the 
** WHERE constraint, it searches for the following:
**
**   1. A MATCH constraint against the special column.
**   2. A MATCH constraint against the "rank" column.

**   3. An == constraint against the rowid column.
**   4. A < or <= constraint against the rowid column.
**   5. A > or >= constraint against the rowid column.
**
** Within the ORDER BY, either:
**
**   5. ORDER BY rank [ASC|DESC]
**   6. ORDER BY rowid [ASC|DESC]





















**
** Costs are assigned as follows:
**
**  a) If an unusable MATCH operator is present in the WHERE clause, the
**     cost is unconditionally set to 1e50 (a really big number).
**
**  a) If a MATCH operator is present, the cost depends on the other
................................................................................
** Costs are not modified by the ORDER BY clause.
*/
static int fts5BestIndexMethod(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info *pInfo){
  Fts5Table *pTab = (Fts5Table*)pVTab;
  Fts5Config *pConfig = pTab->pConfig;
  const int nCol = pConfig->nCol;
  int idxFlags = 0;               /* Parameter passed through to xFilter() */
  int bHasMatch;


  int iNext;
  int i;

  struct Constraint {
    int op;                       /* Mask against sqlite3_index_constraint.op */
    int fts5op;                   /* FTS5 mask for idxFlags */
    int iCol;                     /* 0==rowid, 1==tbl, 2==rank */
    int omit;                     /* True to omit this if found */
    int iConsIndex;               /* Index in pInfo->aConstraint[] */
  } aConstraint[] = {
    {SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH|SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ, 
                                    FTS5_BI_MATCH,    1, 1, -1},
    {SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH|SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ, 
                                    FTS5_BI_RANK,     2, 1, -1},
    {SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ,    FTS5_BI_ROWID_EQ, 0, 0, -1},
    {SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT|SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE, 
                                    FTS5_BI_ROWID_LE, 0, 0, -1},
    {SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT|SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE, 
                                    FTS5_BI_ROWID_GE, 0, 0, -1},
  };

  int aColMap[3];
  aColMap[0] = -1;
  aColMap[1] = nCol;
  aColMap[2] = nCol+1;

  assert( SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ<SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH );
  assert( SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT<SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH );
  assert( SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE<SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH );
  assert( SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE<SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH );
  assert( SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE<SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH );

................................................................................
  if( pConfig->bLock ){
    pTab->base.zErrMsg = sqlite3_mprintf(
        "recursively defined fts5 content table"
    );
    return SQLITE_ERROR;
  }

  /* Set idxFlags flags for all WHERE clause terms that will be used. */




  for(i=0; i<pInfo->nConstraint; i++){
    struct sqlite3_index_constraint *p = &pInfo->aConstraint[i];
    int iCol = p->iColumn;

    if( (p->op==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH && iCol>=0 && iCol<=nCol)
     || (p->op==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ && iCol==nCol)
    ){
      /* A MATCH operator or equivalent */
      if( p->usable ){
        idxFlags = (idxFlags & 0xFFFF) | FTS5_BI_MATCH | (iCol << 16);
        aConstraint[0].iConsIndex = i;
      }else{
        /* As there exists an unusable MATCH constraint this is an 
        ** unusable plan. Set a prohibitively high cost. */
        pInfo->estimatedCost = 1e50;


        return SQLITE_OK;












      }






    }else if( p->op<=SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH ){











      int j;
      for(j=1; j<ArraySize(aConstraint); j++){
        struct Constraint *pC = &aConstraint[j];
        if( iCol==aColMap[pC->iCol] && (p->op & pC->op) && p->usable ){
          pC->iConsIndex = i;
          idxFlags |= pC->fts5op;











        }
      }
    }
  }


  /* Set idxFlags flags for the ORDER BY clause */
  if( pInfo->nOrderBy==1 ){
    int iSort = pInfo->aOrderBy[0].iColumn;
    if( iSort==(pConfig->nCol+1) && BitFlagTest(idxFlags, FTS5_BI_MATCH) ){
      idxFlags |= FTS5_BI_ORDER_RANK;
    }else if( iSort==-1 ){
      idxFlags |= FTS5_BI_ORDER_ROWID;
    }
    if( BitFlagTest(idxFlags, FTS5_BI_ORDER_RANK|FTS5_BI_ORDER_ROWID) ){
      pInfo->orderByConsumed = 1;
      if( pInfo->aOrderBy[0].desc ){
        idxFlags |= FTS5_BI_ORDER_DESC;
      }
    }
  }

  /* Calculate the estimated cost based on the flags set in idxFlags. */
  bHasMatch = BitFlagTest(idxFlags, FTS5_BI_MATCH);
  if( BitFlagTest(idxFlags, FTS5_BI_ROWID_EQ) ){
    pInfo->estimatedCost = bHasMatch ? 100.0 : 10.0;
    if( bHasMatch==0 ) fts5SetUniqueFlag(pInfo);
  }else if( BitFlagAllTest(idxFlags, FTS5_BI_ROWID_LE|FTS5_BI_ROWID_GE) ){

    pInfo->estimatedCost = bHasMatch ? 500.0 : 250000.0;
  }else if( BitFlagTest(idxFlags, FTS5_BI_ROWID_LE|FTS5_BI_ROWID_GE) ){

    pInfo->estimatedCost = bHasMatch ? 750.0 : 750000.0;
  }else{
    pInfo->estimatedCost = bHasMatch ? 1000.0 : 1000000.0;
  }

  /* Assign argvIndex values to each constraint in use. */
  iNext = 1;
  for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aConstraint); i++){
    struct Constraint *pC = &aConstraint[i];
    if( pC->iConsIndex>=0 ){
      pInfo->aConstraintUsage[pC->iConsIndex].argvIndex = iNext++;
      pInfo->aConstraintUsage[pC->iConsIndex].omit = (unsigned char)pC->omit;
    }
  }

  pInfo->idxNum = idxFlags;
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

static int fts5NewTransaction(Fts5FullTable *pTab){
................................................................................
  sqlite3_free(pCsr->apRankArg);

  if( CsrFlagTest(pCsr, FTS5CSR_FREE_ZRANK) ){
    sqlite3_free(pCsr->zRank);
    sqlite3_free(pCsr->zRankArgs);
  }


  memset(&pCsr->ePlan, 0, sizeof(Fts5Cursor) - ((u8*)&pCsr->ePlan - (u8*)pCsr));
}


/*
** Close the cursor.  For additional information see the documentation
** on the xClose method of the virtual table interface.
................................................................................
  ** handles here, rather than preparing a new one for each query. But that
  ** is not possible as SQLite reference counts the virtual table objects.
  ** And since the statement required here reads from this very virtual 
  ** table, saving it creates a circular reference.
  **
  ** If SQLite a built-in statement cache, this wouldn't be a problem. */
  rc = fts5PrepareStatement(&pSorter->pStmt, pConfig,
      "SELECT rowid, rank FROM %Q.%Q ORDER BY %s(%s%s%s) %s",
      pConfig->zDb, pConfig->zName, zRank, pConfig->zName,
      (zRankArgs ? ", " : ""),
      (zRankArgs ? zRankArgs : ""),
      bDesc ? "DESC" : "ASC"
  );

  pCsr->pSorter = pSorter;
................................................................................

  while( z[0]==' ' ) z++;
  for(n=0; z[n] && z[n]!=' '; n++);

  assert( pTab->p.base.zErrMsg==0 );
  pCsr->ePlan = FTS5_PLAN_SPECIAL;

  if( 0==sqlite3_strnicmp("reads", z, n) ){
    pCsr->iSpecial = sqlite3Fts5IndexReads(pTab->p.pIndex);
  }
  else if( 0==sqlite3_strnicmp("id", z, n) ){
    pCsr->iSpecial = pCsr->iCsrId;
  }
  else{
    /* An unrecognized directive. Return an error message. */
    pTab->p.base.zErrMsg = sqlite3_mprintf("unknown special query: %.*s", n, z);
    rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
  }
................................................................................
**   1. Full-text search using a MATCH operator.
**   2. A by-rowid lookup.
**   3. A full-table scan.
*/
static int fts5FilterMethod(
  sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pCursor,   /* The cursor used for this query */
  int idxNum,                     /* Strategy index */
  const char *zUnused,            /* Unused */
  int nVal,                       /* Number of elements in apVal */
  sqlite3_value **apVal           /* Arguments for the indexing scheme */
){
  Fts5FullTable *pTab = (Fts5FullTable*)(pCursor->pVtab);
  Fts5Config *pConfig = pTab->p.pConfig;
  Fts5Cursor *pCsr = (Fts5Cursor*)pCursor;
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;             /* Error code */
  int iVal = 0;                   /* Counter for apVal[] */
  int bDesc;                      /* True if ORDER BY [rank|rowid] DESC */
  int bOrderByRank;               /* True if ORDER BY rank */
  sqlite3_value *pMatch = 0;      /* <tbl> MATCH ? expression (or NULL) */
  sqlite3_value *pRank = 0;       /* rank MATCH ? expression (or NULL) */
  sqlite3_value *pRowidEq = 0;    /* rowid = ? expression (or NULL) */
  sqlite3_value *pRowidLe = 0;    /* rowid <= ? expression (or NULL) */
  sqlite3_value *pRowidGe = 0;    /* rowid >= ? expression (or NULL) */
  int iCol;                       /* Column on LHS of MATCH operator */
  char **pzErrmsg = pConfig->pzErrmsg;

  UNUSED_PARAM(zUnused);
  UNUSED_PARAM(nVal);

  if( pCsr->ePlan ){
    fts5FreeCursorComponents(pCsr);
    memset(&pCsr->ePlan, 0, sizeof(Fts5Cursor) - ((u8*)&pCsr->ePlan-(u8*)pCsr));
  }

  assert( pCsr->pStmt==0 );
  assert( pCsr->pExpr==0 );
  assert( pCsr->csrflags==0 );
  assert( pCsr->pRank==0 );
  assert( pCsr->zRank==0 );
  assert( pCsr->zRankArgs==0 );


  assert( pzErrmsg==0 || pzErrmsg==&pTab->p.base.zErrMsg );
  pConfig->pzErrmsg = &pTab->p.base.zErrMsg;

  /* Decode the arguments passed through to this function.
  **
  ** Note: The following set of if(...) statements must be in the same
  ** order as the corresponding entries in the struct at the top of
  ** fts5BestIndexMethod().  */
  if( BitFlagTest(idxNum, FTS5_BI_MATCH) ) pMatch = apVal[iVal++];
  if( BitFlagTest(idxNum, FTS5_BI_RANK) ) pRank = apVal[iVal++];


































  if( BitFlagTest(idxNum, FTS5_BI_ROWID_EQ) ) pRowidEq = apVal[iVal++];


  if( BitFlagTest(idxNum, FTS5_BI_ROWID_LE) ) pRowidLe = apVal[iVal++];


  if( BitFlagTest(idxNum, FTS5_BI_ROWID_GE) ) pRowidGe = apVal[iVal++];
  iCol = (idxNum>>16);
  assert( iCol>=0 && iCol<=pConfig->nCol );
  assert( iVal==nVal );



  bOrderByRank = ((idxNum & FTS5_BI_ORDER_RANK) ? 1 : 0);
  pCsr->bDesc = bDesc = ((idxNum & FTS5_BI_ORDER_DESC) ? 1 : 0);

  /* Set the cursor upper and lower rowid limits. Only some strategies 
  ** actually use them. This is ok, as the xBestIndex() method leaves the
  ** sqlite3_index_constraint.omit flag clear for range constraints
  ** on the rowid field.  */
................................................................................
    /* If pSortCsr is non-NULL, then this call is being made as part of 
    ** processing for a "... MATCH <expr> ORDER BY rank" query (ePlan is
    ** set to FTS5_PLAN_SORTED_MATCH). pSortCsr is the cursor that will
    ** return results to the user for this query. The current cursor 
    ** (pCursor) is used to execute the query issued by function 
    ** fts5CursorFirstSorted() above.  */
    assert( pRowidEq==0 && pRowidLe==0 && pRowidGe==0 && pRank==0 );
    assert( nVal==0 && pMatch==0 && bOrderByRank==0 && bDesc==0 );
    assert( pCsr->iLastRowid==LARGEST_INT64 );
    assert( pCsr->iFirstRowid==SMALLEST_INT64 );
    if( pTab->pSortCsr->bDesc ){
      pCsr->iLastRowid = pTab->pSortCsr->iFirstRowid;
      pCsr->iFirstRowid = pTab->pSortCsr->iLastRowid;
    }else{
      pCsr->iLastRowid = pTab->pSortCsr->iLastRowid;
      pCsr->iFirstRowid = pTab->pSortCsr->iFirstRowid;
    }
    pCsr->ePlan = FTS5_PLAN_SOURCE;
    pCsr->pExpr = pTab->pSortCsr->pExpr;
    rc = fts5CursorFirst(pTab, pCsr, bDesc);
  }else if( pMatch ){
    const char *zExpr = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[0]);
    if( zExpr==0 ) zExpr = "";

    rc = fts5CursorParseRank(pConfig, pCsr, pRank);
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      if( zExpr[0]=='*' ){
        /* The user has issued a query of the form "MATCH '*...'". This
        ** indicates that the MATCH expression is not a full text query,
        ** but a request for an internal parameter.  */
        rc = fts5SpecialMatch(pTab, pCsr, &zExpr[1]);
      }else{
        char **pzErr = &pTab->p.base.zErrMsg;
        rc = sqlite3Fts5ExprNew(pConfig, iCol, zExpr, &pCsr->pExpr, pzErr);
        if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
          if( bOrderByRank ){
            pCsr->ePlan = FTS5_PLAN_SORTED_MATCH;
            rc = fts5CursorFirstSorted(pTab, pCsr, bDesc);
          }else{
            pCsr->ePlan = FTS5_PLAN_MATCH;
            rc = fts5CursorFirst(pTab, pCsr, bDesc);
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }else if( pConfig->zContent==0 ){
    *pConfig->pzErrmsg = sqlite3_mprintf(
        "%s: table does not support scanning", pConfig->zName
    );
    rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
................................................................................
    ** by rowid (ePlan==FTS5_PLAN_ROWID).  */
    pCsr->ePlan = (pRowidEq ? FTS5_PLAN_ROWID : FTS5_PLAN_SCAN);
    rc = sqlite3Fts5StorageStmt(
        pTab->pStorage, fts5StmtType(pCsr), &pCsr->pStmt, &pTab->p.base.zErrMsg
    );
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      if( pCsr->ePlan==FTS5_PLAN_ROWID ){
        sqlite3_bind_value(pCsr->pStmt, 1, apVal[0]);
      }else{
        sqlite3_bind_int64(pCsr->pStmt, 1, pCsr->iFirstRowid);
        sqlite3_bind_int64(pCsr->pStmt, 2, pCsr->iLastRowid);
      }
      rc = fts5NextMethod(pCursor);
    }
  }



  pConfig->pzErrmsg = pzErrmsg;
  return rc;
}

/* 
** This is the xEof method of the virtual table. SQLite calls this 
** routine to find out if it has reached the end of a result set.
................................................................................
  i64 iCsrId;

  assert( argc>=1 );
  pAux = (Fts5Auxiliary*)sqlite3_user_data(context);
  iCsrId = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[0]);

  pCsr = fts5CursorFromCsrid(pAux->pGlobal, iCsrId);
  if( pCsr==0 ){
    char *zErr = sqlite3_mprintf("no such cursor: %lld", iCsrId);
    sqlite3_result_error(context, zErr, -1);
    sqlite3_free(zErr);
  }else{
    fts5ApiInvoke(pAux, pCsr, context, argc-1, &argv[1]);
  }
}

#endif
}

/*
** Implementation of the xBestIndex method for FTS5 tables. Within the 
** WHERE constraint, it searches for the following:
**
**   1. A MATCH constraint against the table column.
**   2. A MATCH constraint against the "rank" column.
**   3. A MATCH constraint against some other column.
**   4. An == constraint against the rowid column.
**   5. A < or <= constraint against the rowid column.
**   6. A > or >= constraint against the rowid column.
**
** Within the ORDER BY, the following are supported:
**
**   5. ORDER BY rank [ASC|DESC]
**   6. ORDER BY rowid [ASC|DESC]
**
** Information for the xFilter call is passed via both the idxNum and 
** idxStr variables. Specifically, idxNum is a bitmask of the following
** flags used to encode the ORDER BY clause:
**
**     FTS5_BI_ORDER_RANK
**     FTS5_BI_ORDER_ROWID
**     FTS5_BI_ORDER_DESC
**
** idxStr is used to encode data from the WHERE clause. For each argument
** passed to the xFilter method, the following is appended to idxStr:
**
**   Match against table column:            "m"
**   Match against rank column:             "r"
**   Match against other column:            "<column-number>"
**   Equality constraint against the rowid: "="
**   A < or <= against the rowid:           "<"
**   A > or >= against the rowid:           ">"
**
** This function ensures that there is at most one "r" or "=". And that if
** there exists an "=" then there is no "<" or ">".
**
** Costs are assigned as follows:
**
**  a) If an unusable MATCH operator is present in the WHERE clause, the
**     cost is unconditionally set to 1e50 (a really big number).
**
**  a) If a MATCH operator is present, the cost depends on the other
................................................................................
** Costs are not modified by the ORDER BY clause.
*/
static int fts5BestIndexMethod(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info *pInfo){
  Fts5Table *pTab = (Fts5Table*)pVTab;
  Fts5Config *pConfig = pTab->pConfig;
  const int nCol = pConfig->nCol;
  int idxFlags = 0;               /* Parameter passed through to xFilter() */
  int i;

  char *idxStr;
  int iIdxStr = 0;
  int iCons = 0;



  int bSeenEq = 0;
  int bSeenGt = 0;
  int bSeenLt = 0;
  int bSeenMatch = 0;
  int bSeenRank = 0;
















  assert( SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ<SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH );
  assert( SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT<SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH );
  assert( SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE<SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH );
  assert( SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE<SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH );
  assert( SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE<SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH );

................................................................................
  if( pConfig->bLock ){
    pTab->base.zErrMsg = sqlite3_mprintf(
        "recursively defined fts5 content table"
    );
    return SQLITE_ERROR;
  }

  idxStr = (char*)sqlite3_malloc(pInfo->nConstraint * 6 + 1);
  if( idxStr==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
  pInfo->idxStr = idxStr;
  pInfo->needToFreeIdxStr = 1;

  for(i=0; i<pInfo->nConstraint; i++){
    struct sqlite3_index_constraint *p = &pInfo->aConstraint[i];
    int iCol = p->iColumn;

    if( p->op==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH
     || (p->op==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ && iCol>=nCol)
    ){
      /* A MATCH operator or equivalent */
      if( p->usable==0 || iCol<0 ){



        /* As there exists an unusable MATCH constraint this is an 
        ** unusable plan. Set a prohibitively high cost. */
        pInfo->estimatedCost = 1e50;
        assert( iIdxStr < pInfo->nConstraint*6 + 1 );
        idxStr[iIdxStr] = 0;
        return SQLITE_OK;
      }else{
        if( iCol==nCol+1 ){
          if( bSeenRank ) continue;
          idxStr[iIdxStr++] = 'r';
          bSeenRank = 1;
        }else{
          bSeenMatch = 1;
          idxStr[iIdxStr++] = 'm';
          if( iCol<nCol ){
            sqlite3_snprintf(6, &idxStr[iIdxStr], "%d", iCol);
            idxStr += strlen(&idxStr[iIdxStr]);
            assert( idxStr[iIdxStr]=='\0' );
          }
        }
        pInfo->aConstraintUsage[i].argvIndex = ++iCons;
        pInfo->aConstraintUsage[i].omit = 1;
      }
    }
    else if( p->usable && bSeenEq==0 
      && p->op==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ && iCol<0 
    ){
      idxStr[iIdxStr++] = '=';
      bSeenEq = 1;
      pInfo->aConstraintUsage[i].argvIndex = ++iCons;
    }
  }

  if( bSeenEq==0 ){
    for(i=0; i<pInfo->nConstraint; i++){
      struct sqlite3_index_constraint *p = &pInfo->aConstraint[i];
      if( p->iColumn<0 && p->usable ){
        int op = p->op;





        if( op==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT || op==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE ){
          if( bSeenLt ) continue;
          idxStr[iIdxStr++] = '<';
          pInfo->aConstraintUsage[i].argvIndex = ++iCons;
          bSeenLt = 1;
        }else
        if( op==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT || op==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE ){
          if( bSeenGt ) continue;
          idxStr[iIdxStr++] = '>';
          pInfo->aConstraintUsage[i].argvIndex = ++iCons;
          bSeenGt = 1;
        }
      }
    }
  }
  idxStr[iIdxStr] = '\0';

  /* Set idxFlags flags for the ORDER BY clause */
  if( pInfo->nOrderBy==1 ){
    int iSort = pInfo->aOrderBy[0].iColumn;
    if( iSort==(pConfig->nCol+1) && bSeenMatch ){
      idxFlags |= FTS5_BI_ORDER_RANK;
    }else if( iSort==-1 ){
      idxFlags |= FTS5_BI_ORDER_ROWID;
    }
    if( BitFlagTest(idxFlags, FTS5_BI_ORDER_RANK|FTS5_BI_ORDER_ROWID) ){
      pInfo->orderByConsumed = 1;
      if( pInfo->aOrderBy[0].desc ){
        idxFlags |= FTS5_BI_ORDER_DESC;
      }
    }
  }

  /* Calculate the estimated cost based on the flags set in idxFlags. */
  if( bSeenEq ){

    pInfo->estimatedCost = bSeenMatch ? 100.0 : 10.0;
    if( bSeenMatch==0 ) fts5SetUniqueFlag(pInfo);

  }else if( bSeenLt && bSeenGt ){
    pInfo->estimatedCost = bSeenMatch ? 500.0 : 250000.0;

  }else if( bSeenLt || bSeenGt ){
    pInfo->estimatedCost = bSeenMatch ? 750.0 : 750000.0;
  }else{
    pInfo->estimatedCost = bSeenMatch ? 1000.0 : 1000000.0;










  }

  pInfo->idxNum = idxFlags;
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

static int fts5NewTransaction(Fts5FullTable *pTab){
................................................................................
  sqlite3_free(pCsr->apRankArg);

  if( CsrFlagTest(pCsr, FTS5CSR_FREE_ZRANK) ){
    sqlite3_free(pCsr->zRank);
    sqlite3_free(pCsr->zRankArgs);
  }

  sqlite3Fts5IndexCloseReader(pTab->p.pIndex);
  memset(&pCsr->ePlan, 0, sizeof(Fts5Cursor) - ((u8*)&pCsr->ePlan - (u8*)pCsr));
}


/*
** Close the cursor.  For additional information see the documentation
** on the xClose method of the virtual table interface.
................................................................................
  ** handles here, rather than preparing a new one for each query. But that
  ** is not possible as SQLite reference counts the virtual table objects.
  ** And since the statement required here reads from this very virtual 
  ** table, saving it creates a circular reference.
  **
  ** If SQLite a built-in statement cache, this wouldn't be a problem. */
  rc = fts5PrepareStatement(&pSorter->pStmt, pConfig,
      "SELECT rowid, rank FROM %Q.%Q ORDER BY %s(\"%w\"%s%s) %s",
      pConfig->zDb, pConfig->zName, zRank, pConfig->zName,
      (zRankArgs ? ", " : ""),
      (zRankArgs ? zRankArgs : ""),
      bDesc ? "DESC" : "ASC"
  );

  pCsr->pSorter = pSorter;
................................................................................

  while( z[0]==' ' ) z++;
  for(n=0; z[n] && z[n]!=' '; n++);

  assert( pTab->p.base.zErrMsg==0 );
  pCsr->ePlan = FTS5_PLAN_SPECIAL;

  if( n==5 && 0==sqlite3_strnicmp("reads", z, n) ){
    pCsr->iSpecial = sqlite3Fts5IndexReads(pTab->p.pIndex);
  }
  else if( n==2 && 0==sqlite3_strnicmp("id", z, n) ){
    pCsr->iSpecial = pCsr->iCsrId;
  }
  else{
    /* An unrecognized directive. Return an error message. */
    pTab->p.base.zErrMsg = sqlite3_mprintf("unknown special query: %.*s", n, z);
    rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
  }
................................................................................
**   1. Full-text search using a MATCH operator.
**   2. A by-rowid lookup.
**   3. A full-table scan.
*/
static int fts5FilterMethod(
  sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pCursor,   /* The cursor used for this query */
  int idxNum,                     /* Strategy index */
  const char *idxStr,             /* Unused */
  int nVal,                       /* Number of elements in apVal */
  sqlite3_value **apVal           /* Arguments for the indexing scheme */
){
  Fts5FullTable *pTab = (Fts5FullTable*)(pCursor->pVtab);
  Fts5Config *pConfig = pTab->p.pConfig;
  Fts5Cursor *pCsr = (Fts5Cursor*)pCursor;
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;             /* Error code */

  int bDesc;                      /* True if ORDER BY [rank|rowid] DESC */
  int bOrderByRank;               /* True if ORDER BY rank */

  sqlite3_value *pRank = 0;       /* rank MATCH ? expression (or NULL) */
  sqlite3_value *pRowidEq = 0;    /* rowid = ? expression (or NULL) */
  sqlite3_value *pRowidLe = 0;    /* rowid <= ? expression (or NULL) */
  sqlite3_value *pRowidGe = 0;    /* rowid >= ? expression (or NULL) */
  int iCol;                       /* Column on LHS of MATCH operator */
  char **pzErrmsg = pConfig->pzErrmsg;
  int i;
  int iIdxStr = 0;
  Fts5Expr *pExpr = 0;

  if( pCsr->ePlan ){
    fts5FreeCursorComponents(pCsr);
    memset(&pCsr->ePlan, 0, sizeof(Fts5Cursor) - ((u8*)&pCsr->ePlan-(u8*)pCsr));
  }

  assert( pCsr->pStmt==0 );
  assert( pCsr->pExpr==0 );
  assert( pCsr->csrflags==0 );
  assert( pCsr->pRank==0 );
  assert( pCsr->zRank==0 );
  assert( pCsr->zRankArgs==0 );
  assert( pTab->pSortCsr==0 || nVal==0 );

  assert( pzErrmsg==0 || pzErrmsg==&pTab->p.base.zErrMsg );
  pConfig->pzErrmsg = &pTab->p.base.zErrMsg;

  /* Decode the arguments passed through to this function. */

  for(i=0; i<nVal; i++){
    switch( idxStr[iIdxStr++] ){
      case 'r':

        pRank = apVal[i];
        break;
      case 'm': {
        const char *zText = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[i]);
        if( zText==0 ) zText = "";

        if( idxStr[iIdxStr]>='0' && idxStr[iIdxStr]<='9' ){
          iCol = 0;
          do{
            iCol = iCol*10 + (idxStr[iIdxStr]-'0');
            iIdxStr++;
          }while( idxStr[iIdxStr]>='0' && idxStr[iIdxStr]<='9' );
        }else{
          iCol = pConfig->nCol;
        }

        if( zText[0]=='*' ){
          /* The user has issued a query of the form "MATCH '*...'". This
          ** indicates that the MATCH expression is not a full text query,
          ** but a request for an internal parameter.  */
          rc = fts5SpecialMatch(pTab, pCsr, &zText[1]);
          goto filter_out;
        }else{
          char **pzErr = &pTab->p.base.zErrMsg;
          rc = sqlite3Fts5ExprNew(pConfig, iCol, zText, &pExpr, pzErr);
          if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
            rc = sqlite3Fts5ExprAnd(&pCsr->pExpr, pExpr);
            pExpr = 0;
          }
          if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto filter_out;
        }

        break;
      }
      case '=':
        pRowidEq = apVal[i];
        break;
      case '<':
        pRowidLe = apVal[i];
        break;
      default: assert( idxStr[iIdxStr-1]=='>' );
        pRowidGe = apVal[i];



        break;
    }
  }
  bOrderByRank = ((idxNum & FTS5_BI_ORDER_RANK) ? 1 : 0);
  pCsr->bDesc = bDesc = ((idxNum & FTS5_BI_ORDER_DESC) ? 1 : 0);

  /* Set the cursor upper and lower rowid limits. Only some strategies 
  ** actually use them. This is ok, as the xBestIndex() method leaves the
  ** sqlite3_index_constraint.omit flag clear for range constraints
  ** on the rowid field.  */
................................................................................
    /* If pSortCsr is non-NULL, then this call is being made as part of 
    ** processing for a "... MATCH <expr> ORDER BY rank" query (ePlan is
    ** set to FTS5_PLAN_SORTED_MATCH). pSortCsr is the cursor that will
    ** return results to the user for this query. The current cursor 
    ** (pCursor) is used to execute the query issued by function 
    ** fts5CursorFirstSorted() above.  */
    assert( pRowidEq==0 && pRowidLe==0 && pRowidGe==0 && pRank==0 );
    assert( nVal==0 && bOrderByRank==0 && bDesc==0 );
    assert( pCsr->iLastRowid==LARGEST_INT64 );
    assert( pCsr->iFirstRowid==SMALLEST_INT64 );
    if( pTab->pSortCsr->bDesc ){
      pCsr->iLastRowid = pTab->pSortCsr->iFirstRowid;
      pCsr->iFirstRowid = pTab->pSortCsr->iLastRowid;
    }else{
      pCsr->iLastRowid = pTab->pSortCsr->iLastRowid;
      pCsr->iFirstRowid = pTab->pSortCsr->iFirstRowid;
    }
    pCsr->ePlan = FTS5_PLAN_SOURCE;
    pCsr->pExpr = pTab->pSortCsr->pExpr;
    rc = fts5CursorFirst(pTab, pCsr, bDesc);
  }else if( pCsr->pExpr ){



    rc = fts5CursorParseRank(pConfig, pCsr, pRank);
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){









      if( bOrderByRank ){
        pCsr->ePlan = FTS5_PLAN_SORTED_MATCH;
        rc = fts5CursorFirstSorted(pTab, pCsr, bDesc);
      }else{
        pCsr->ePlan = FTS5_PLAN_MATCH;
        rc = fts5CursorFirst(pTab, pCsr, bDesc);


      }
    }
  }else if( pConfig->zContent==0 ){
    *pConfig->pzErrmsg = sqlite3_mprintf(
        "%s: table does not support scanning", pConfig->zName
    );
    rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
................................................................................
    ** by rowid (ePlan==FTS5_PLAN_ROWID).  */
    pCsr->ePlan = (pRowidEq ? FTS5_PLAN_ROWID : FTS5_PLAN_SCAN);
    rc = sqlite3Fts5StorageStmt(
        pTab->pStorage, fts5StmtType(pCsr), &pCsr->pStmt, &pTab->p.base.zErrMsg
    );
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      if( pCsr->ePlan==FTS5_PLAN_ROWID ){
        sqlite3_bind_value(pCsr->pStmt, 1, pRowidEq);
      }else{
        sqlite3_bind_int64(pCsr->pStmt, 1, pCsr->iFirstRowid);
        sqlite3_bind_int64(pCsr->pStmt, 2, pCsr->iLastRowid);
      }
      rc = fts5NextMethod(pCursor);
    }
  }

 filter_out:
  sqlite3Fts5ExprFree(pExpr);
  pConfig->pzErrmsg = pzErrmsg;
  return rc;
}

/* 
** This is the xEof method of the virtual table. SQLite calls this 
** routine to find out if it has reached the end of a result set.
................................................................................
  i64 iCsrId;

  assert( argc>=1 );
  pAux = (Fts5Auxiliary*)sqlite3_user_data(context);
  iCsrId = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[0]);

  pCsr = fts5CursorFromCsrid(pAux->pGlobal, iCsrId);
  if( pCsr==0 || pCsr->ePlan==0 ){
    char *zErr = sqlite3_mprintf("no such cursor: %lld", iCsrId);
    sqlite3_result_error(context, zErr, -1);
    sqlite3_free(zErr);
  }else{
    fts5ApiInvoke(pAux, pCsr, context, argc-1, &argv[1]);
  }
}

/*
** Delete all entries in the FTS5 index.
*/
int sqlite3Fts5StorageDeleteAll(Fts5Storage *p){
  Fts5Config *pConfig = p->pConfig;
  int rc;



  /* Delete the contents of the %_data and %_docsize tables. */
  rc = fts5ExecPrintf(pConfig->db, 0,
      "DELETE FROM %Q.'%q_data';" 
      "DELETE FROM %Q.'%q_idx';",
      pConfig->zDb, pConfig->zName,
      pConfig->zDb, pConfig->zName

/*
** Delete all entries in the FTS5 index.
*/
int sqlite3Fts5StorageDeleteAll(Fts5Storage *p){
  Fts5Config *pConfig = p->pConfig;
  int rc;

  p->bTotalsValid = 0;

  /* Delete the contents of the %_data and %_docsize tables. */
  rc = fts5ExecPrintf(pConfig->db, 0,
      "DELETE FROM %Q.'%q_data';" 
      "DELETE FROM %Q.'%q_idx';",
      pConfig->zDb, pConfig->zName,
      pConfig->zDb, pConfig->zName

|   4080: 68 65 63 6b 0a 01 02 1d 6f 70 74 69 6d 69 7a 65   heck....optimize
| end c13.db
SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'abandon';
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 13.1 {
  SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'abandon'; 
} {1 {vtable constructor failed: t1}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 14.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
| size 28672 pagesize 4096 filename c14b.db
................................................................................
|     48: 01 00 00 10 10 04 02 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
|     64: 70 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 70 00 00 00   p...........p...
| end c16.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 15.1 {
  INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('integrity-check');
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
reset_db
do_test 16.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
................................................................................
|    448: 54 55 41 4c 20 54 41 42 4c 45 20 74 31 20 55 53   TUAL TABLE t1 US
|    464: 49 4e 47 20 66 74 73 35 28 61 2c 62 2c 63 29 00   ING fts5(a,b,c).
|    480: 00 00 39 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ..9.............
|   4080: 00 00 00 00 0b 03 1b 01 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 04   ........version.
| end crash-fed6e90021ba5d.db
}]} {}

do_execsql_test 33.1 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t2 USING fts5vocab('t1','row');
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t3 USING fts5vocab('t1','col');
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t4 USING fts5vocab('t1','instance');
}

do_catchsql_test 33.2 {
  SELECT * FROM t2;
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}

do_catchsql_test 33.3 {
  SELECT * FROM t2, t3, t4 WHERE t2.term=t3.term AND t3.term=t4.term;
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 34.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
| size 40960 pagesize 4096 filename crash-a60a9da4c8932f.db
................................................................................
|   4080: 00 00 03 03 02 01 03 03 02 02 01 02 02 01 0c e9   ................
| end crash-a6651222df1bd1.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 36.1 {
  INSERT INTO t1(b) VALUES(
      x'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');
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 37.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
| size 40960 pagesize 4096 filename null-memcmp-param-1..db
................................................................................
|      0: 0a 00 00 00 01 0f f4 00 0f f4 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
|   4080: 00 00 00 00 0b 03 1b 01 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 04   ........version.
| end null-memcmp-param-1..db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 37.1 {
  SELECT * FROM t3;
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db 
do_execsql_test 37.0 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(b, c);
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('a', 'b');
  SELECT quote(block) FROM t1_data WHERE rowid=10;
} {X'000000000101010001010101'}

do_execsql_test 37.1 {
  UPDATE t1_data SET block = X'FFFFFFFF0101010001010101' WHERE rowid = 10;
  SELECT rowid FROM t1('a');
} {1}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db 
do_execsql_test 38.0 {
................................................................................
|   4064: 69 74 79 2d 63 68 65 63 6b 09 02 02 1b 72 65 62   ity-check....reb
|   4080: 75 69 6c 64 0a 01 02 1d 6f 70 74 69 6d 69 7a 65   uild....optimize
| end crash-fd2a1313e5b5e9.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 38.1 {
  UPDATE t1 SET b=quote(zeroblob(200)) WHERE t1 MATCH 'thread*';
} {0 {}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 39.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
.open --hexdb
................................................................................
|   4080: 67 73 7a 18 0b 03 1b 01 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 04   gsz.....version.
| page 6 offset 20480
|      0: 0d 00 00 00 03 0f f2 00 0f fc 0f f7 0f f2 00 00   ................
|   4080: 00 00 03 03 02 01 03 03 02 02 01 02 02 01 02 09   ................
| end crash2.txt.db
}]} {}

do_execsql_test 40.1 {
  BEGIN;
  INSERT INTO t1(b) VALUES(X'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');
  INSERT INTO t1(b) VALUES(X'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');
  INSERT INTO t1(b) VALUES(X'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');
}

do_catchsql_test 40.2 {
  INSERT INTO t1(a,b) VALUES(1,11),(2,22),(3, true ),(4,44);
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_execsql_test 41.0 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(a,b,c);
  REPLACE INTO t1_data VALUES(1,X'255a5824');
  REPLACE INTO t1_data VALUES(10,X'0a1000000102020002010101020101');
................................................................................
|      0: 0d 00 00 00 03 0f f2 00 0f fc 0f f7 0f f2 00 00   ................
|   4080: 00 00 03 03 02 01 03 03 02 02 01 02 02 01 02 09   ................
| end 89028ffd2c29b679e250.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 43.1 {
  INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('optimize');
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_execsql_test 44.1 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(a,b unindexed,c,tokenize="porter ascii");
  REPLACE INTO t1_data VALUES(1,X'03090009');
  REPLACE INTO t1_data VALUES(10,X'000000000103030003010101020101030101');
................................................................................
  INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('merge', 5);
  INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('merge', 5);
  INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('merge', 5);
  INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('merge', 5);
  INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('merge', 5);
  INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('merge', 5);
  INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('merge', 5);
} {0 {}}

#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 46.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
| size 32768 pagesize 4096 filename crash-1ee8bd451dd1ad.db
................................................................................
|   4064: 69 74 79 2d 63 68 65 63 6b 09 02 02 1b 72 65 62   ity-check....reb
|   4080: 75 69 6c 64 0a 01 02 1d 6f 70 74 69 6d 69 7a 65   uild....optimize
| end crash-1ee8bd451dd1ad.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 46.1 {
  SELECT snippet(t1,'[','', '--',-1,10) FROM t1('*');
} {0 {{}}}

#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 47.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
| size 40960 pagesize 4096 filename 4b6fc659283f2735616c.db
................................................................................
|      0: 0a 00 00 00 01 0f f4 00 0f f4 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
|   4080: 00 00 00 00 0b 03 1b 01 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 04   ........version.
| end 4b6fc659283f2735616c.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 47.1 {
  INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('integrity-check');
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}

do_catchsql_test 47.2 {
  SELECT count(*) FROM (
      SELECT snippet(t1, -1, '.', '..', '[', 50), 
      highlight(t1, 2, '[', ']') FROM t1('g h') 
      WHERE rank MATCH 'bm25(1.0, 1.0)' ORDER BY rank
  )
} {0 3}

#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 48.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
| size 32768 pagesize 4096 filename crash-44a8305b4bd86f.db
................................................................................

do_catchsql_test 50.1 {
  SELECT term FROM t4 WHERE term LIKE '»as';
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_execsql_test 51.1 {
BEGIN TRANSACTION;
PRAGMA writable_schema=ON;
CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(a,b,c);
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS 't1_data'(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, block BLOB);
REPLACE INTO t1_data VALUES(1,X'2eb1182424');
REPLACE INTO t1_data VALUES(10,X'000000000102080002010101020107');
INSERT INTO t1_data VALUES(137438953473,X'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');
................................................................................
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES('integrity-check');
PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF;
COMMIT;
} {}

do_catchsql_test 51.1 {
  SELECT max(rowid)==0 FROM t1('e*');
} {0 0}

#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 52.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
| size 40960 pagesize 4096 filename crash-2b92f77ddfe191.db
................................................................................
|      0: 0a 00 00 00 01 0f f4 00 0f f4 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
|   4080: 00 00 00 00 0b 03 1b 01 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 04   ........version.
| end crash-2b92f77ddfe191.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 52.1 {
  SELECT fts5_decode(id, block) FROM t1_data;
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 53.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
| size 24576 pagesize 4096 filename crash-dbe9b7614da103.db
................................................................................
|   4080: 00 00 03 03 02 01 03 03 02 02 01 02 02 01 0c e9   ................
| end crash-dbe9b7614da103.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 53.1 {
  WITH RECURSIVE c(x) AS (VALUES(1) UNION ALL SELECT x<>1 FROM c WHERE x<10)
    INSERT INTO t1(a) SELECT randomblob(3000) FROM c;
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 54.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
| size 24576 pagesize 4096 filename crash-03a1855566d9ae.db
................................................................................
|      0: 0d 00 00 00 03 0f f2 00 0f fc 0f f7 0f f2 00 00   ................
|   4080: 00 00 23 03 02 01 03 03 02 02 01 02 02 00 f2 09   ..#.............
| end crash-03a1855566d9ae.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 54.1 {
  SELECT rowid==-1 FROM t1('t*');
} {0 {0 0 0}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 55.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
| size 32768 pagesize 4096 filename crash-b366b5ac0d3887.db
................................................................................
|      0: 0d 00 00 00 03 0f d6 00 0f f4 0f e9 0f d6 00 00   ................
|   4048: 00 00 00 00 00 00 11 03 02 2b 69 6e 74 65 77 72   .........+intewr
|   4064: 69 74 79 2d 63 68 65 63 6b 09 02 02 1b 72 65 62   ity-check....reb
|   4080: 75 69 6c 64 0a 01 02 1d 6f 70 74 69 6d 69 7a 65   uild....optimize
| end crash-b366b5ac0d3887.db
}]} {}

do_execsql_test 55.1 {
  SAVEPOINT one;
  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE a MATCH 'ts';
}

do_execsql_test 55.2 {
  ROLLBACK TO one;
}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
................................................................................
  # may return SQLITE_CONSTRAINT instead of SQLITE_CORRUPT. This is because
  # the corrupt db in the test over-reads the page buffer slightly, with
  # different results depending on whether or not the page-cache is in use.
  if {$res=="1 {constraint failed}"} {
    set res "1 {database disk image is malformed}"
  }
  set res
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 57.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
| size 28672 pagesize 4096 filename x.db
................................................................................
|   4064: 64 11 02 02 2b 69 6e 74 65 67 72 69 74 79 2d 63   d...+integrity-c
|   4080: 68 65 63 6b 0a 01 02 1d 6f 70 74 69 6d 69 7a 65   heck....optimize
| end x.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 57.1 {
  INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('optimize')
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 58.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
.open --hexdb
................................................................................
|   4064: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 03 15 01 70   ...............p
|   4080: 67 73 7a 18 0b 03 1b 01 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 04   gsz.....version.
| page 6 offset 20480
|   4080: 00 00 23 03 02 01 03 03 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ..#.............
| end crash-5a5acd0ab42d31.db
}]} {}

do_execsql_test 58.1 {
  SELECT * FROM t1('t*');
} {{} {} {} {} {} {}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
do_test 59.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
.open --hexdb
| size 32768 pagesize 4096 filename crash-96b136358d01ec.db
................................................................................
| page 8 offset 28672
|   4048: 00 00 00 00 00 00 5d 03 02 2b 69 6e 74 00 00 00   ......]..+int...
| end crash-96b136358d01ec.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 59.1 {
  SELECT (matchinfo(591,t1)) FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'e*eŸ'
} {0 {}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
do_test 60.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
.open --hexdb
| size 32768 pagesize 4096 filename crash-c77b90b929dc92.db
................................................................................
|   4048: 00 00 00 00 00 00 5d 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ......].........
| end crash-c77b90b929dc92.db
}]} {}


do_catchsql_test 60.2 {
  SELECT (matchinfo(t1,591)) FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'e*eŸ'
} {0 {}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
do_test 61.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
.open --hexdb
| size 28672 pagesize 4096 filename crash-e5fa281edabddf.db
................................................................................
|   4080: 06 02 03 00 12 06 01 01 06 01 03 00 12 06 01 01   ................
| page 7 offset 24576
|      0: 0a 00 00 00 01 0f f4 00 0f f4 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
|   4080: 00 00 00 00 0b 03 1b 01 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 04   ........version.
| end crash-e5fa281edabddf.db
}]} {}

do_execsql_test 61.1 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t3 USING fts5vocab('t1'(),'col' );
} 

do_catchsql_test 61.2 {
  SELECT * FROM t3 ORDER BY rowid;
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}

breakpoint
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
do_test 62.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
.open --hexdb
................................................................................
|   4080: 00 00 00 00 0b 03 1b 01 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 04   ........version.
| end crash-44942694542e1e.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 62.1 {
  WITH c(x) AS (VALUES(false) UNION ALL SELECT x+1 FROM c WHERE x<72)
    INSERT INTO t1(a) SELECT randomblob(2829) FROM c;
} {0 {}}

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
do_test 63.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
.open --hexdb
| size 24576 pagesize 4096 filename crash-8230e6c3b368f5.db
................................................................................
|   4064: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 03 15 01 70   ...............p
|   4080: 67 73 7a 08 0b 03 1b 01 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 04   gsz.....version.
| end crash-8230e6c3b368f5.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 63.1 {
  SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE b MATCH 'thead*thead*theSt*';
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}

do_catchsql_test 63.2 {
  INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('optimize');
} {0 {}}

breakpoint
do_catchsql_test 63.3 {
  SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE b MATCH 'thead*thead*theSt*';
























































































































} {0 {}}


































































































































































































































































































sqlite3_fts5_may_be_corrupt 0
finish_test

|   4080: 68 65 63 6b 0a 01 02 1d 6f 70 74 69 6d 69 7a 65   heck....optimize
| end c13.db
SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'abandon';
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 13.1 {
  SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'abandon'; 
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 14.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
| size 28672 pagesize 4096 filename c14b.db
................................................................................
|     48: 01 00 00 10 10 04 02 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
|     64: 70 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 70 00 00 00   p...........p...
| end c16.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 15.1 {
  INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('integrity-check');
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
reset_db
do_test 16.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
................................................................................
|    448: 54 55 41 4c 20 54 41 42 4c 45 20 74 31 20 55 53   TUAL TABLE t1 US
|    464: 49 4e 47 20 66 74 73 35 28 61 2c 62 2c 63 29 00   ING fts5(a,b,c).
|    480: 00 00 39 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ..9.............
|   4080: 00 00 00 00 0b 03 1b 01 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 04   ........version.
| end crash-fed6e90021ba5d.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 33.1 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t2 USING fts5vocab('t1','row');
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t3 USING fts5vocab('t1','col');
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t4 USING fts5vocab('t1','instance');
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

do_catchsql_test 33.2 {
  SELECT * FROM t2;
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

do_catchsql_test 33.3 {
  SELECT * FROM t2, t3, t4 WHERE t2.term=t3.term AND t3.term=t4.term;
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 34.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
| size 40960 pagesize 4096 filename crash-a60a9da4c8932f.db
................................................................................
|   4080: 00 00 03 03 02 01 03 03 02 02 01 02 02 01 0c e9   ................
| end crash-a6651222df1bd1.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 36.1 {
  INSERT INTO t1(b) VALUES(
      x'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');
} {0 {}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 37.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
| size 40960 pagesize 4096 filename null-memcmp-param-1..db
................................................................................
|      0: 0a 00 00 00 01 0f f4 00 0f f4 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
|   4080: 00 00 00 00 0b 03 1b 01 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 04   ........version.
| end null-memcmp-param-1..db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 37.1 {
  SELECT * FROM t3;
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db 
do_execsql_test 37a.0 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(b, c);
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('a', 'b');
  SELECT quote(block) FROM t1_data WHERE rowid=10;
} {X'000000000101010001010101'}

do_execsql_test 37a.1 {
  UPDATE t1_data SET block = X'FFFFFFFF0101010001010101' WHERE rowid = 10;
  SELECT rowid FROM t1('a');
} {1}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db 
do_execsql_test 38.0 {
................................................................................
|   4064: 69 74 79 2d 63 68 65 63 6b 09 02 02 1b 72 65 62   ity-check....reb
|   4080: 75 69 6c 64 0a 01 02 1d 6f 70 74 69 6d 69 7a 65   uild....optimize
| end crash-fd2a1313e5b5e9.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 38.1 {
  UPDATE t1 SET b=quote(zeroblob(200)) WHERE t1 MATCH 'thread*';
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 39.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
.open --hexdb
................................................................................
|   4080: 67 73 7a 18 0b 03 1b 01 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 04   gsz.....version.
| page 6 offset 20480
|      0: 0d 00 00 00 03 0f f2 00 0f fc 0f f7 0f f2 00 00   ................
|   4080: 00 00 03 03 02 01 03 03 02 02 01 02 02 01 02 09   ................
| end crash2.txt.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 40.1 {
  BEGIN;
  INSERT INTO t1(b) VALUES(X'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');
  INSERT INTO t1(b) VALUES(X'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');
  INSERT INTO t1(b) VALUES(X'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');
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

do_catchsql_test 40.2 {
  INSERT INTO t1(a,b) VALUES(1,11),(2,22),(3, true ),(4,44);
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_execsql_test 41.0 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(a,b,c);
  REPLACE INTO t1_data VALUES(1,X'255a5824');
  REPLACE INTO t1_data VALUES(10,X'0a1000000102020002010101020101');
................................................................................
|      0: 0d 00 00 00 03 0f f2 00 0f fc 0f f7 0f f2 00 00   ................
|   4080: 00 00 03 03 02 01 03 03 02 02 01 02 02 01 02 09   ................
| end 89028ffd2c29b679e250.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 43.1 {
  INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('optimize');
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_execsql_test 44.1 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(a,b unindexed,c,tokenize="porter ascii");
  REPLACE INTO t1_data VALUES(1,X'03090009');
  REPLACE INTO t1_data VALUES(10,X'000000000103030003010101020101030101');
................................................................................
  INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('merge', 5);
  INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('merge', 5);
  INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('merge', 5);
  INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('merge', 5);
  INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('merge', 5);
  INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('merge', 5);
  INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('merge', 5);
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 46.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
| size 32768 pagesize 4096 filename crash-1ee8bd451dd1ad.db
................................................................................
|   4064: 69 74 79 2d 63 68 65 63 6b 09 02 02 1b 72 65 62   ity-check....reb
|   4080: 75 69 6c 64 0a 01 02 1d 6f 70 74 69 6d 69 7a 65   uild....optimize
| end crash-1ee8bd451dd1ad.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 46.1 {
  SELECT snippet(t1,'[','', '--',-1,10) FROM t1('*');
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 47.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
| size 40960 pagesize 4096 filename 4b6fc659283f2735616c.db
................................................................................
|      0: 0a 00 00 00 01 0f f4 00 0f f4 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
|   4080: 00 00 00 00 0b 03 1b 01 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 04   ........version.
| end 4b6fc659283f2735616c.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 47.1 {
  INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('integrity-check');
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

do_catchsql_test 47.2 {
  SELECT count(*) FROM (
      SELECT snippet(t1, -1, '.', '..', '[', 50), 
      highlight(t1, 2, '[', ']') FROM t1('g h') 
      WHERE rank MATCH 'bm25(1.0, 1.0)' ORDER BY rank
  )
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 48.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
| size 32768 pagesize 4096 filename crash-44a8305b4bd86f.db
................................................................................

do_catchsql_test 50.1 {
  SELECT term FROM t4 WHERE term LIKE '»as';
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_execsql_test 51.0 {
BEGIN TRANSACTION;
PRAGMA writable_schema=ON;
CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(a,b,c);
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS 't1_data'(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, block BLOB);
REPLACE INTO t1_data VALUES(1,X'2eb1182424');
REPLACE INTO t1_data VALUES(10,X'000000000102080002010101020107');
INSERT INTO t1_data VALUES(137438953473,X'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');
................................................................................
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES('integrity-check');
PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF;
COMMIT;
} {}

do_catchsql_test 51.1 {
  SELECT max(rowid)==0 FROM t1('e*');
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}

#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 52.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
| size 40960 pagesize 4096 filename crash-2b92f77ddfe191.db
................................................................................
|      0: 0a 00 00 00 01 0f f4 00 0f f4 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
|   4080: 00 00 00 00 0b 03 1b 01 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 04   ........version.
| end crash-2b92f77ddfe191.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 52.1 {
  SELECT fts5_decode(id, block) FROM t1_data;
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 53.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
| size 24576 pagesize 4096 filename crash-dbe9b7614da103.db
................................................................................
|   4080: 00 00 03 03 02 01 03 03 02 02 01 02 02 01 0c e9   ................
| end crash-dbe9b7614da103.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 53.1 {
  WITH RECURSIVE c(x) AS (VALUES(1) UNION ALL SELECT x<>1 FROM c WHERE x<10)
    INSERT INTO t1(a) SELECT randomblob(3000) FROM c;
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 54.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
| size 24576 pagesize 4096 filename crash-03a1855566d9ae.db
................................................................................
|      0: 0d 00 00 00 03 0f f2 00 0f fc 0f f7 0f f2 00 00   ................
|   4080: 00 00 23 03 02 01 03 03 02 02 01 02 02 00 f2 09   ..#.............
| end crash-03a1855566d9ae.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 54.1 {
  SELECT rowid==-1 FROM t1('t*');
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 55.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
| size 32768 pagesize 4096 filename crash-b366b5ac0d3887.db
................................................................................
|      0: 0d 00 00 00 03 0f d6 00 0f f4 0f e9 0f d6 00 00   ................
|   4048: 00 00 00 00 00 00 11 03 02 2b 69 6e 74 65 77 72   .........+intewr
|   4064: 69 74 79 2d 63 68 65 63 6b 09 02 02 1b 72 65 62   ity-check....reb
|   4080: 75 69 6c 64 0a 01 02 1d 6f 70 74 69 6d 69 7a 65   uild....optimize
| end crash-b366b5ac0d3887.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 55.1 {
  SAVEPOINT one;
  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE a MATCH 'ts';
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

do_execsql_test 55.2 {
  ROLLBACK TO one;
}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
................................................................................
  # may return SQLITE_CONSTRAINT instead of SQLITE_CORRUPT. This is because
  # the corrupt db in the test over-reads the page buffer slightly, with
  # different results depending on whether or not the page-cache is in use.
  if {$res=="1 {constraint failed}"} {
    set res "1 {database disk image is malformed}"
  }
  set res
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 57.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
| size 28672 pagesize 4096 filename x.db
................................................................................
|   4064: 64 11 02 02 2b 69 6e 74 65 67 72 69 74 79 2d 63   d...+integrity-c
|   4080: 68 65 63 6b 0a 01 02 1d 6f 70 74 69 6d 69 7a 65   heck....optimize
| end x.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 57.1 {
  INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('optimize')
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_test 58.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
.open --hexdb
................................................................................
|   4064: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 03 15 01 70   ...............p
|   4080: 67 73 7a 18 0b 03 1b 01 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 04   gsz.....version.
| page 6 offset 20480
|   4080: 00 00 23 03 02 01 03 03 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ..#.............
| end crash-5a5acd0ab42d31.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 58.1 {
  SELECT * FROM t1('t*');
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
do_test 59.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
.open --hexdb
| size 32768 pagesize 4096 filename crash-96b136358d01ec.db
................................................................................
| page 8 offset 28672
|   4048: 00 00 00 00 00 00 5d 03 02 2b 69 6e 74 00 00 00   ......]..+int...
| end crash-96b136358d01ec.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 59.1 {
  SELECT (matchinfo(591,t1)) FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'e*eŸ'
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
do_test 60.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
.open --hexdb
| size 32768 pagesize 4096 filename crash-c77b90b929dc92.db
................................................................................
|   4048: 00 00 00 00 00 00 5d 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ......].........
| end crash-c77b90b929dc92.db
}]} {}


do_catchsql_test 60.2 {
  SELECT (matchinfo(t1,591)) FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'e*eŸ'
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
do_test 61.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
.open --hexdb
| size 28672 pagesize 4096 filename crash-e5fa281edabddf.db
................................................................................
|   4080: 06 02 03 00 12 06 01 01 06 01 03 00 12 06 01 01   ................
| page 7 offset 24576
|      0: 0a 00 00 00 01 0f f4 00 0f f4 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
|   4080: 00 00 00 00 0b 03 1b 01 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 04   ........version.
| end crash-e5fa281edabddf.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 61.1 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t3 USING fts5vocab('t1'(),'col' );
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

do_catchsql_test 61.2 {
  SELECT * FROM t3 ORDER BY rowid;
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

breakpoint
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
do_test 62.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
.open --hexdb
................................................................................
|   4080: 00 00 00 00 0b 03 1b 01 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 04   ........version.
| end crash-44942694542e1e.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 62.1 {
  WITH c(x) AS (VALUES(false) UNION ALL SELECT x+1 FROM c WHERE x<72)
    INSERT INTO t1(a) SELECT randomblob(2829) FROM c;
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
do_test 63.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
.open --hexdb
| size 24576 pagesize 4096 filename crash-8230e6c3b368f5.db
................................................................................
|   4064: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 03 15 01 70   ...............p
|   4080: 67 73 7a 08 0b 03 1b 01 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 04   gsz.....version.
| end crash-8230e6c3b368f5.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 63.1 {
  SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE b MATCH 'thead*thead*theSt*';
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

do_catchsql_test 63.2 {
  INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('optimize');
} {/*malformed database schema*/}


do_catchsql_test 63.3 {
  SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE b MATCH 'thead*thead*theSt*';
} {/*malformed database schema*/}

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
do_test 64.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
.open --hexdb
| size 28672 pagesize 4096 filename crash-4470f0b94422f7.db
| page 1 offset 0
|      0: 53 51 4c 69 74 65 20 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 20 33 00   SQLite format 3.
|     16: 10 00 01 01 00 40 20 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 06   .....@  ........
|     32: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 06 00 00 00 04   ................
|     96: 00 00 00 00 0d 00 00 00 06 0d e2 00 0f c4 0f 6a   ...............j
|    112: 0e fc 0e 9d 0e 3d 0d e2 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00   .....=..........
|   3552: 00 00 59 06 06 17 21 21 01 7f 74 61 62 6c 65 74   ..Y...!!..tablet
|   3568: 74 74 5f 63 6f 6e 66 69 67 74 74 74 5f 63 6f 6e   tt_configttt_con
|   3584: 66 69 67 06 43 52 45 41 54 45 20 54 41 42 4c 45   fig.CREATE TABLE
|   3600: 20 27 74 74 74 5f 63 6f 6e 66 69 67 27 28 6b 20    'ttt_config'(k 
|   3616: 50 52 49 4d 41 52 59 20 4b 45 59 2c 20 76 29 20   PRIMARY KEY, v) 
|   3632: 57 49 54 48 4f 55 54 20 52 4f 57 49 44 5e 05 07   WITHOUT ROWID^..
|   3648: 17 23 23 01 81 03 74 61 62 6c 65 74 74 74 5f 64   .##...tablettt_d
|   3664: 6f 63 73 69 7a 65 74 74 74 5f 64 6f 63 73 69 7a   ocsizettt_docsiz
|   3680: 65 05 43 52 45 41 54 45 20 54 41 42 4c 45 20 27   e.CREATE TABLE '
|   3696: 74 74 74 5f 64 6f 63 73 69 7a 65 27 28 69 64 20   ttt_docsize'(id 
|   3712: 49 4e 54 45 47 45 52 20 50 52 49 4d 41 52 59 20   INTEGER PRIMARY 
|   3728: 4b 45 59 2c 20 73 7a 20 42 4c 4f 42 29 5d 04 07   KEY, sz BLOB)]..
|   3744: 17 23 23 01 81 01 74 61 62 6c 65 74 74 74 5f 63   .##...tablettt_c
|   3760: 6f 6e 74 65 6e 74 74 74 74 5f 63 6f 6e 74 65 6e   ontentttt_conten
|   3776: 74 04 43 52 45 41 54 45 20 54 41 42 4c 45 20 27   t.CREATE TABLE '
|   3792: 74 74 74 5f 63 6f 6e 74 65 6e 74 27 28 69 64 20   ttt_content'(id 
|   3808: 49 4e 54 45 47 45 52 20 50 52 49 4d 41 52 59 20   INTEGER PRIMARY 
|   3824: 4b 45 59 2c 20 63 30 2c 20 63 31 29 6c 03 07 17   KEY, c0, c1)l...
|   3840: 1b 1b 01 81 2f 74 61 62 6c 65 74 74 74 5f 69 64   ..../tablettt_id
|   3856: 78 74 74 74 5f 69 64 78 03 43 52 45 41 54 45 20   xttt_idx.CREATE 
|   3872: 54 41 42 4c 45 20 27 74 74 74 5f 69 64 78 27 28   TABLE 'ttt_idx'(
|   3888: 73 65 67 69 64 2c 20 74 65 72 6d 2c 20 70 67 6e   segid, term, pgn
|   3904: 6f 2c 20 50 52 49 4d 41 52 59 20 4b 45 59 28 73   o, PRIMARY KEY(s
|   3920: 65 67 69 64 2c 20 74 65 72 6d 29 29 20 57 49 54   egid, term)) WIT
|   3936: 48 4f 55 54 20 52 4f 57 49 44 58 02 07 17 1d 1d   HOUT ROWIDX.....
|   3952: 01 81 03 74 61 62 6c 65 74 74 74 5f 64 61 74 61   ...tablettt_data
|   3968: 74 74 74 5f 64 61 74 61 02 43 52 45 41 54 45 20   ttt_data.CREATE 
|   3984: 54 41 42 4c 45 20 27 74 74 74 5f 64 61 74 61 27   TABLE 'ttt_data'
|   4000: 28 69 64 20 49 4e 54 45 47 45 52 20 50 52 49 4d   (id INTEGER PRIM
|   4016: 41 52 59 20 4b 45 59 2c 20 62 6c 6f 63 6b 20 42   ARY KEY, block B
|   4032: 4c 4f 42 29 3a 01 06 17 13 13 08 5f 74 61 62 6c   LOB):......_tabl
|   4048: 65 74 74 74 74 74 74 43 52 45 41 54 45 20 56 49   ettttttCREATE VI
|   4064: 52 54 55 41 4c 20 54 41 42 4c 45 20 74 74 74 20   RTUAL TABLE ttt 
|   4080: 55 53 49 4e 47 20 66 74 73 35 28 61 2c 20 62 29   USING fts5(a, b)
| page 2 offset 4096
|      0: 0d 0f 44 00 05 0e 81 00 0f 1a 0e 81 0f af 0f 58   ..D............X
|     16: 0e 98 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
|   3712: 00 15 0a 03 00 30 00 00 00 00 01 03 03 00 03 01   .....0..........
|   3728: 01 01 02 01 01 03 01 01 81 24 8c 80 80 80 80 01   .........$......
|   3744: 04 00 82 4c 00 00 00 9b 02 30 65 03 1a 02 05 05   ...L.....0e.....
|   3760: 07 05 01 01 04 03 03 08 03 03 01 2e 02 05 05 07   ................
|   3776: 05 07 05 07 05 01 01 04 03 03 08 03 03 08 03 03   ................
|   3792: 07 f3 03 02 01 65 03 1e 03 05 05 04 05 05 01 00   .....e..........
|   3808: 03 06 04 04 06 04 03 01 36 03 05 05 04 06 05 04   ........6.......
|   3824: 06 05 04 05 05 01 01 03 06 04 04 06 04 04 06 04   ................
|   3840: 04 06 04 03 03 01 65 03 14 04 05 06 f5 05 01 01   ......e.........
|   3856: 02 08 09 01 20 04 05 07 05 07 05 07 05 05 01 00   .... ...........
|   3872: 02 08 0a 0a 0a 04 01 65 03 02 0a 01 06 0a 0a 0a   .......e........
|   3888: 05 01 65 03 06 01 01 0a 01 0a 01 01 0a 0a 0a 04   ..e.............
|   3904: 2b 31 21 0b 0f ef 00 14 2a 00 00 00 00 01 02 02   +1!.....*.......
|   3920: 00 02 01 01 01 02 01 01 50 88 80 80 80 80 01 04   ........P.......
|   3936: 00 81 24 00 00 00 47 02 30 65 02 1a 02 05 05 07   ..$...G.0e......
|   3952: 05 01 01 04 03 03 08 03 03 02 01 65 02 1e 03 05   ...........e....
|   3968: 05 04 05 05 01 01 03 06 04 04 06 04 03 03 01 65   ...............e
|   3984: 02 14 04 05 07 05 05 01 01 02 08 0a 04 01 65 02   ..............e.
|   4000: 02 0a 05 01 65 02 06 01 01 0a 04 12 14 0f 06 31   ....e..........1
|   4016: 84 80 80 80 80 01 03 00 68 00 00 00 2b 02 30 65   ........h...+.0e
|   4032: 01 10 02 05 05 01 01 04 03 03 02 01 65 01 12 03   ............e...
|   4048: 05 05 01 01 03 06 04 03 03 01 65 01 0e 04 05 05   ..........e.....
|   4064: 01 01 02 08 04 0d 0e 06 01 03 00 12 04 4c 4c 00   .............LL.
|   4080: 00 00 11 24 00 00 00 00 01 01 01 00 01 01 01 01   ...$............
| page 3 offset 8192
|      0: 0a 00 00 00 03 0f ec 00 0f 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
|   4064: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 06 04 01 0c   ................
|   4080: 01 03 02 06 04 01 0c 01 02 02 05 04 09 0c 01 02   ................
| page 4 offset 12288
|      0: 0d 00 00 00 04 0e 1a 00 0f c7 0f 5b 0e ef 0e 1a   ...........[....
|   3600: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 81 52 04 06 00 81   ...........R....
|   3616: 5d 81 55 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 20 65 20 65 65   ].Ue ee eee e ee
|   3632: 20 65 65 65 20 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 66 20 65    eee e ee eeef e
|   3648: 65 20 65 65 65 20 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 20 65   e eee e ee eee e
|   3664: 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 20    ee eeee ee eee 
|   3680: 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 20 65 20 65 65 20 65 65   e ee eee e ee ee
|   3696: 65 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 20 65 20 65 65 20 65   ee ee eee e ee e
|   3712: 65 65 20 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 65 65 65 20 65   ee e ee eeeeee e
|   3728: 65 20 65 20 65 20 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 20 65   e e e e ee eee e
|   3744: 65 20 65 65 65 65 65 20 65 65 20 65 20 65 1f 65   e eeeee ee e e.e
|   3760: 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 65 65    ee eee ee eeeee
|   3776: 20 65 65 20 65 20 65 20 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 65    ee e e e ee eee
|   3792: 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 65 65 20 65 65 20 65 20 65    ee eeeee ee e e
|   3808: 20 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 6a    e ee eee ee eej
|   3824: 03 03 ff 75 71 65 20 65 65 1f 65 65 65 20 65 20   ...uqe ee.eee e 
|   3840: 65 65 20 65 65 65 20 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 65   ee eee e ee eeee
|   3856: 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 20 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 65    ee eee e ee eee
|   3872: 20 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 65 65 65 20 65 65 20    e ee eeeeee ee 
|   3888: 65 20 65 20 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 20 65 65 20   e e e ee eee ee 
|   3904: 65 65 65 65 65 20 65 65 20 65 20 65 20 65 20 65   eeeee ee e e e e
|   3920: 65 20 65 65 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 6a 02 04 00 75   e eee ee eej...u
|   3936: 40 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 20 65 20 65 65 20 65   @e ee eee e ee e
|   3952: 65 65 20 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 65 20 65 65 20   ee e ee eeee ee 
|   3968: 65 65 65 20 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 20 65 20 65   eee e ee eee e e
|   3984: 65 20 65 65 65 65 65 65 20 65 65 20 65 20 65 20   e eeeeee ee e e 
|   4000: 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 65   e ee eee ee eeee
|   4016: 65 20 65 65 20 65 20 65 20 65 20 65 65 20 65 65   e ee e e e ee ee
|   4032: 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 37 01 04 00 41 3f 65 20 65   e ee ee7...A?e e
|   4048: 65 20 65 65 65 20 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 20 65   e eee e ee eee e
|   4064: 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 65 65 65 20 65 65 20 65 20    ee eeeeee ee e 
|   4080: 65 20 65 20 65 65 20 65 65 65 20 65 65 20 65 65   e e ee eee ee ee
| page 5 offset 16384
|      0: 0d 00 00 00 04 0f e4 00 0f f9 0f f2 0f eb 0f e4   ................
|   4064: 00 00 00 00 05 04 03 00 10 21 21 05 03 03 00 10   .........!!.....
|   4080: 11 11 05 02 03 00 10 11 11 05 01 03 00 10 09 09   ................
| page 6 offset 20480
|      0: 0a 00 00 00 01 0f f4 00 0f f4 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
|   4080: 00 00 00 00 0b 03 1b 01 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 04   ........version.
| end crash-4470f0b94422f7.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 64.1 {
  SELECT * FROM ttt('e*');
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
do_test 65.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
.open --hexdb
| size 28672 pagesize 4096 filename crash-3aef66940ace0c.db
| page 1 offset 0
|      0: 53 51 4c 69 74 65 20 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 20 33 00   SQLite format 3.
|     16: 10 00 01 01 00 40 20 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   .....@  ........
|     96: 00 00 00 00 0d 0f c7 00 07 0d 92 00 0f 8d 0f 36   ...............6
|    112: 0e cb 0e 6b 0e 0e 0d b6 0d 92 00 00 00 00 00 00   ...k............
|   3472: 00 00 22 08 06 17 11 11 01 31 74 61 62 6c 65 74   .........1tablet
|   3488: 32 74 32 08 43 52 45 41 54 45 20 54 41 42 4c 45   2t2.CREATE TABLE
|   3504: 20 74 32 28 78 29 56 07 06 17 1f 1f 01 7d 74 61    t2(x)V.......ta
|   3520: 62 6c 65 74 31 5f 63 6f 6e 66 69 67 74 31 5f 63   blet1_configt1_c
|   3536: 6f 6e 66 69 67 07 43 52 45 41 54 45 20 54 41 42   onfig.CREATE TAB
|   3552: 4c 45 20 27 74 31 5f 63 6f 6e 66 69 67 27 28 6b   LE 't1_config'(k
|   3568: 20 50 52 49 4d 41 52 59 20 4b 45 59 2c 20 76 29    PRIMARY KEY, v)
|   3584: 20 57 49 54 48 4f 55 54 20 52 4f 57 49 44 5b 06    WITHOUT ROWID[.
|   3600: 07 17 21 21 01 81 01 74 61 62 6c 65 74 31 5f 64   ..!!...tablet1_d
|   3616: 6f 63 73 69 7a 65 74 31 5f 64 6f 63 73 69 7a 65   ocsizet1_docsize
|   3632: 06 43 52 45 41 54 45 20 54 41 42 4c 45 20 27 74   .CREATE TABLE 't
|   3648: 31 5f 64 6f 63 73 69 7a 65 27 28 69 64 20 49 4e   1_docsize'(id IN
|   3664: 54 45 47 45 52 20 50 52 49 4d 41 52 59 20 4b 45   TEGER PRIMARY KE
|   3680: 59 2c 20 73 7a 20 42 4c 4f 42 29 5e 05 07 17 21   Y, sz BLOB)^...!
|   3696: 21 01 81 07 74 61 62 6c 65 74 31 5f 63 6f 6e 74   !...tablet1_cont
|   3712: 65 6e 74 74 31 5f 63 6f 6e 74 65 6e 74 05 43 52   entt1_content.CR
|   3728: 45 41 54 45 20 54 41 42 4c 45 20 27 74 31 5f 63   EATE TABLE 't1_c
|   3744: 6f 6e 74 65 6e 74 27 28 69 64 20 49 4e 54 45 47   ontent'(id INTEG
|   3760: 45 52 20 50 52 49 4d 41 52 59 20 4b 45 59 2c 20   ER PRIMARY KEY, 
|   3776: 63 30 2c 20 63 31 2c d6 63 32 29 69 04 07 17 19   c0, c1,.c2)i....
|   3792: 19 01 81 2d 74 61 62 6c 65 74 31 5f 69 64 78 74   ...-tablet1_idxt
|   3808: 31 5f 69 64 78 04 43 52 45 41 54 45 20 54 41 42   1_idx.CREATE TAB
|   3824: 4c 45 20 27 74 31 5f 69 64 78 27 28 73 65 67 69   LE 't1_idx'(segi
|   3840: 64 2c 20 74 65 72 6d 2c 20 70 67 6e 6f 2c 20 50   d, term, pgno, P
|   3856: 52 49 4d 41 52 59 20 4b 45 59 28 73 65 67 69 64   RIMARY KEY(segid
|   3872: 2c 20 74 65 72 6d 29 29 20 57 49 54 48 4f 55 54   , term)) WITHOUT
|   3888: 20 52 4f 57 49 44 55 03 07 17 1b 1b 01 81 01 74    ROWIDU........t
|   3904: 61 62 6c 65 74 31 5f 64 61 74 61 74 31 5f 64 61   ablet1_datat1_da
|   3920: 74 61 03 43 52 45 41 54 45 20 54 41 42 4c 45 20   ta.CREATE TABLE 
|   3936: 27 74 31 5f 64 61 74 61 27 28 69 64 20 49 4e 54   't1_data'(id INT
|   3952: 45 47 45 52 20 50 52 49 4d 41 52 59 20 4b 45 59   EGER PRIMARY KEY
|   3968: 2c 20 62 6c 6f 63 6b 20 42 4c 4f 42 29 38 02 06   , block BLOB)8..
|   3984: 17 11 11 08 5f 74 61 62 6c 65 74 31 74 31 43 52   ...._tablet1t1CR
|   4000: 45 41 54 45 20 56 49 52 54 55 41 4c 20 54 41 42   EATE VIRTUAL TAB
|   4016: 4c 45 20 74 31 20 55 53 49 4e 47 20 66 74 73 35   LE t1 USING fts5
|   4032: 28 61 2c 62 2c 63 29 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   (a,b,c).........
| page 3 offset 8192
|      0: 0d 00 00 00 03 0c 93 ff 0f e6 0f ef 0c 94 00 00   ................
|   3216: 00 00 00 00 86 4a 84 80 80 80 80 01 04 00 8d 18   .....J..........
|   3232: 00 00 03 2b 02 30 30 01 02 06 01 02 06 01 02 06   ...+.00.........
|   3248: 1f 02 03 01 02 03 01 02 03 01 08 32 31 31 36 30   ...........21160
|   3264: 36 30 39 01 02 07 01 02 07 01 02 07 01 01 33 f1   609...........3.
|   3280: 02 05 01 02 05 01 02 05 01 01 35 01 02 03 01 02   ..........5.....
|   3296: 04 01 02 04 02 07 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 1c 02 3d   ......0000000..=
|   3312: 01 02 04 01 02 04 01 06 62 69 6e 61 72 79 03 06   ........binary..
|   3328: 01 02 02 03 06 01 01 f2 03 06 4e 02 02 03 06 01   ..........N.....
|   3344: 02 02 03 06 01 02 02 03 06 01 02 02 03 06 01 02   ................
|   3360: 02 03 06 01 02 02 03 06 01 02 02 03 06 01 02 02   ................
|   3376: 03 06 01 02 02 03 06 01 02 02 01 08 63 6f 6d 70   ............comp
|   3392: 69 6c 65 72 01 02 02 01 02 02 01 02 02 01 06 64   iler...........d
|   3408: 62 73 74 61 74 07 02 03 01 02 13 01 02 03 02 04   bstat...........
|   3424: 65 62 75 67 04 02 02 01 02 02 01 02 02 01 07 65   ebug...........e
|   3440: 6e 61 62 6c 65 07 02 02 01 02 02 01 02 02 01 02   nable...........
|   3456: 02 01 02 02 01 02 02 01 02 02 01 02 02 01 02 02   ................
|   3472: 01 02 02 01 02 01 f1 02 02 01 02 02 01 02 02 01   ................
|   3488: 02 02 01 02 02 01 02 02 01 02 02 01 02 02 01 02   ................
|   3504: 02 01 02 02 02 08 76 b4 65 6e 73 69 6f 6e 1f 02   ......v.ension..
|   3520: 04 01 02 04 01 02 04 01 04 66 74 73 34 0a 02 03   .........fts4...
|   3536: 01 02 03 01 02 03 04 01 25 0d 02 03 01 02 03 01   ........%.......
|   3552: 02 03 01 03 67 63 63 01 02 03 01 02 03 01 02 03   ....gcc.........
|   3568: 02 06 65 6f 70 6f 6c 79 0f f2 03 01 02 03 01 02   ..eopoly........
|   3584: 03 01 05 6a 73 6f 6e 31 13 02 03 01 02 03 01 02   ...json1........
|   3600: 03 01 04 6c 6f 61 64 1f 02 03 01 02 03 01 02 03   ...load.........
|   3616: 00 03 6d 61 78 1c 02 0c 01 02 02 01 02 02 02 05   ..max...........
|   3632: 65 6d 6f 72 79 1c 02 03 01 02 03 01 02 03 04 04   emory...........
|   3648: 73 79 73 35 16 02 03 01 02 03 01 02 03 01 06 6e   sys5...........n
|   3664: 6f 63 61 73 65 02 06 01 02 02 13 06 00 f2 02 03   ocase...........
|   3680: 06 01 12 02 13 06 01 02 02 03 06 01 02 02 03 06   ................
|   3696: 01 02 02 03 06 01 02 02 03 06 01 02 02 03 06 01   ................
|   3712: 02 02 03 06 01 02 02 03 06 01 02 02 03 06 01 02   ................
|   3728: 02 01 04 6f 6d 69 74 1f 02 02 01 02 02 01 02 02   ...omit.........
|   3744: 01 05 72 74 72 65 65 19 02 03 01 02 03 01 02 03   ..rtree.........
|   3760: 04 02 69 6d 01 06 01 02 02 03 06 01 02 02 03 06   ..im............
|   3776: 01 02 02 03 06 01 02 02 03 06 01 02 02 03 06 01   ................
|   3792: 02 02 03 06 01 02 02 03 06 01 02 02 8e 06 01 02   ................
|   3808: 02 03 06 01 02 02 03 06 01 02 02 03 06 01 02 02   ................
|   3824: 01 0a 74 68 72 65 61 64 73 61 66 65 22 02 02 01   ..threadsafe....
|   3840: 02 02 01 02 02 01 04 76 74 61 62 07 02 04 01 02   .......vtab.....
|   3856: 04 01 02 04 01 01 78 01 06 01 01 02 01 06 01 01   ......x.........
|   3872: 02 01 06 01 01 02 01 06 01 01 02 01 06 01 01 02   ................
|   3888: 01 06 01 11 02 01 06 01 01 02 01 06 01 01 02 01   ................
|   3904: 06 01 01 02 01 06 01 01 02 01 06 01 01 02 01 06   ................
|   3920: 01 01 02 01 06 01 01 01 01 06 01 01 02 01 06 01   ................
|   3936: 01 02 01 06 01 01 02 01 06 01 01 02 01 06 01 01   ................
|   3952: 02 01 06 01 01 01 f1 06 01 01 02 ad 06 01 01 02   ................
|   3968: 01 06 01 01 02 01 06 01 01 02 01 06 01 01 02 01   ................
|   3984: 06 01 01 01 01 06 01 01 02 01 06 01 01 02 01 06   ................
|   4000: 01 01 02 01 06 01 01 02 01 06 01 01 02 01 06 01   ................
|   4016: 01 02 01 06 01 01 02 01 06 01 01 02 01 06 01 01   ................
|   4032: 02 01 06 01 01 02 01 06 01 01 02 04 15 13 0c 0c   ................
|   4048: 12 44 13 11 0f 47 13 0e fc 0e 11 10 0f 0e 10 0f   .D...G..........
|   4064: 44 0f 10 40 15 0f 07 01 03 00 14 24 5a 24 24 0f   D..@.......$Z$$.
|   4080: 0a 03 00 24 00 00 00 00 01 01 01 00 01 01 01 01   ...$............
| page 4 offset 12288
|      0: 0a 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
|   4080: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 05 04 09 0c 01 02   ................
| page 5 offset 16384
|      0: 0d 00 00 00 24 0c 0a 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ....$...........
|   3072: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 18 24 05 00 25 0f   ...........$..%.
|   3088: 19 54 48 52 45 41 44 53 41 46 45 3d 30 58 42 49   .THREADSAFE=0XBI
|   3104: 4e 41 52 59 18 23 05 00 25 0f 19 54 48 52 45 41   NARY.#..%..THREA
|   3120: 44 53 41 46 45 3d 30 58 4e 4f 43 41 53 45 17 8f   DSAFE=0XNOCASE..
|   3136: 05 00 25 0f 17 54 48 52 45 41 44 43 41 46 45 3d   ..%..THREADCAFE=
|   3152: 30 58 52 54 52 49 4d 1f 21 05 00 33 0f 19 4f 4d   0XRTRIM.!..3..OM
|   3168: 49 54 20 4b 4f 41 44 21 45 58 54 45 4e 53 49 4f   IT KOAD!EXTENSIO
|   3184: 4e 58 42 49 4e 41 52 59 1f 20 05 00 33 0f 19 4f   NXBINARY. ..3..O
|   3200: 4d 49 54 20 4c 4f 41 44 20 45 58 54 45 4e 53 49   MIT LOAD EXTENSI
|   3216: 4f 4e 58 4e 4f 43 41 53 45 1e 1f 05 00 33 0f 17   ONXNOCASE....3..
|   3232: 4f 4d 59 54 20 4c 4f 41 44 20 45 58 54 45 4e 53   OMYT LOAD EXTENS
|   3248: 49 4f 4e 58 52 54 56 a9 4d 1f 1e 05 00 33 0f 19   IONXRTV.M....3..
|   3264: 4d 41 58 20 4d 45 4d 4f 52 59 3d 35 30 30 30 30   MAX MEMORY=50000
|   3280: 30 30 30 57 42 49 4e 31 52 59 1f 1d 05 00 33 0f   000WBIN1RY....3.
|   3296: 19 4d 41 58 20 4d 45 4d 4f 52 59 3d 35 30 30 30   .MAX MEMORY=5000
|   3312: 30 30 30 30 58 4e 4f 43 41 53 45 1e 1c 05 00 32   0000XNOCASE....2
|   3328: 0f 17 4e 41 58 20 4d 45 4d 4f 52 59 2d 35 30 30   ..NAX MEMORY-500
|   3344: 30 30 30 30 30 58 52 54 52 49 4d 18 1b 05 00 25   00000XRTRIM....%
|   3360: 0f 19 45 4e 41 42 4c 45 20 52 54 52 45 45 58 42   ..ENABLE RTREEXB
|   3376: 49 4e 41 52 59 18 1a 05 00 25 0f 19 45 4e 41 42   INARY....%..ENAB
|   3392: 4c 45 20 52 54 52 45 45 59 4e 4f 43 41 53 45 17   LE RTREEYNOCASE.
|   3408: 19 66 00 25 0f 17 45 4e 41 42 4c 45 20 52 54 52   .f.%..ENABLE RTR
|   3424: 45 45 58 52 54 52 49 4d 1a 18 05 00 29 0f 19 45   EEXRTRIM....)..E
|   3440: 4e 41 42 4c 45 20 4d 45 4d 53 59 53 35 58 42 49   NABLE MEMSYS5XBI
|   3456: 4e 41 52 59 1a 17 05 00 29 0f 19 45 4e 41 42 4c   NARY....)..ENABL
|   3472: 45 20 4d 45 4d 53 59 53 35 58 4e 4f 43 41 53 45   E MEMSYS5XNOCASE
|   3488: 19 16 05 00 29 0f 17 45 4e 41 42 4c 45 20 4d 45   ....)..ENABLE ME
|   3504: 4d 53 59 53 35 58 52 54 52 49 4d 18 15 05 10 25   MSYS5XRTRIM....%
|   3520: 0f 19 45 4e 40 42 4c 45 20 4a 53 4f 4e 31 58 42   ..EN@BLE JSON1XB
|   3536: 49 4e 41 52 59 18 14 05 00 25 0f 19 45 4e 41 42   INARY....%..ENAB
|   3552: 4c 45 20 4a 53 4f 4e 32 58 4e 4f 43 41 53 45 17   LE JSON2XNOCASE.
|   3568: 13 05 00 25 0f 17 45 4d 41 42 4c 45 20 4a 53 4f   ...%..EMABLE JSO
|   3584: 4e 31 58 52 54 52 49 4d 1a 12 05 00 29 0f 19 45   N1XRTRIM....)..E
|   3600: 4e 41 42 4c 45 20 47 45 4f 50 4f 4c 59 58 42 49   NABLE GEOPOLYXBI
|   3616: 4e 41 52 59 1a 11 05 00 29 0f 19 45 4f 81 42 4c   NARY....)..EO.BL
|   3632: 45 20 47 45 4f 50 4f 4c 59 58 4e 4f 43 51 53 45   E GEOPOLYXNOCQSE
|   3648: 19 10 05 00 29 0f 17 45 4e 41 42 4c 45 20 47 45   ....)..ENABLE GE
|   3664: 4f 50 4f 4c 59 58 52 54 52 49 4d 17 0f 05 00 23   OPOLYXRTRIM....#
|   3680: 0f 1a 45 4e 41 42 4c 45 20 46 54 53 35 58 42 49   ..ENABLE FTS5XBI
|   3696: 4e 41 52 59 17 0e 05 00 23 0f 19 45 4e 41 42 4c   NARY....#..ENABL
|   3712: 45 20 46 54 53 35 48 4e 4f 43 41 53 45 16 1d 05   E FTS5HNOCASE...
|   3728: 00 23 0f a4 45 4e 41 42 4c 45 20 46 54 53 35 58   .#..ENABLE FTS5X
|   3744: 52 54 52 49 4d 17 0c 05 00 23 0f 19 45 4e 41 42   RTRIM....#..ENAB
|   3760: 4c 45 20 46 55 53 34 58 42 49 4e 41 52 59 17 0b   LE FUS4XBINARY..
|   3776: 05 00 23 0f 19 45 4e 41 42 4c 45 20 46 54 53 34   ..#..ENABLE FTS4
|   3792: 57 4e 4f 43 41 53 45 16 0a 05 00 23 0f 17 45 4e   WNOCASE....#..EN
|   3808: 41 42 4c 45 20 46 54 53 34 05 52 54 52 49 4d 1e   ABLE FTS4.RTRIM.
|   3824: 09 05 00 31 0f 19 45 4e 41 42 4c 45 20 44 42 53   ...1..ENABLE DBS
|   3840: 54 41 54 20 56 54 41 42 58 42 49 4e 41 52 59 1e   TAT VTABXBINARY.
|   3856: 08 05 00 31 0f 19 45 4e 41 42 4c 45 20 44 42 53   ...1..ENABLE DBS
|   3872: 54 41 54 20 56 54 41 42 58 4e 4f 43 41 53 45 1d   TAT VTABXNOCASE.
|   3888: 07 05 00 31 0f 17 45 4e 41 42 4c 45 20 44 42 53   ...1..ENABLE DBS
|   3904: 54 41 54 20 56 54 41 42 58 52 54 52 49 4d 11 06   TAT VTABXRTRIM..
|   3920: 05 00 17 0f 19 44 45 42 55 47 58 42 8a 4e 41 52   .....DEBUGXB.NAR
|   3936: 59 11 05 05 00 17 0f 19 44 45 42 55 47 58 4e 4f   Y.......DEBUGXNO
|   3952: 43 41 53 45 10 04 05 00 17 0f 17 44 45 42 55 47   CASE.......DEBUG
|   3968: 58 52 54 52 49 4d 27 03 05 00 43 0f 19 43 4f 4d   XRTRIM'...C..COM
|   3984: 50 49 4c 45 52 3d 67 63 63 2d 35 2e 34 2e 30 20   PILER=gcc-5.4.0 
|   4000: 32 30 31 36 30 36 30 39 58 42 49 4e 41 52 59 27   20160609XBINARY'
|   4016: 02 05 00 43 0f 19 43 4f 4d 50 49 4c 45 52 3f 87   ...C..COMPILER?.
|   4032: 63 63 2d 35 2e 34 2e 30 20 32 30 31 36 30 36 30   cc-5.4.0 2016060
|   4048: 39 58 4e 4f 43 41 53 45 26 01 05 00 43 0f 17 43   9XNOCASE&...C..C
|   4064: 45 0d 60 59 4c 45 52 3d 67 63 63 2d 35 2e 34 2d   E.`YLER=gcc-5.4-
|   4080: 30 20 32 30 31 36 30 36 30 39 00 00 00 00 00 00   0 20160609......
| page 6 offset 20480
|   3808: 06 24 03 00 12 02 01 01 06 23 03 00 12 02 01 01   .$.......#......
|   3824: 06 22 03 01 12 02 01 01 06 21 03 00 12 03 01 01   .........!......
|   3840: 06 20 03 00 12 03 01 01 06 1f 03 00 12 03 02 01   . ..............
|   3856: 06 1e 03 00 12 03 01 01 06 1d 03 00 12 03 01 01   ................
|   3872: 06 1c 03 00 12 03 01 01 06 1b 03 00 12 02 01 01   ................
|   3888: 06 1a 03 00 12 02 01 01 06 19 03 00 12 02 01 01   ................
|   3904: 06 18 03 00 12 02 01 01 06 17 03 00 12 02 01 01   ................
|   3920: 06 16 03 00 12 02 01 01 06 15 03 00 12 02 01 01   ................
|   3936: 06 14 03 00 12 02 01 01 06 13 03 00 12 02 01 01   ................
|   3952: 06 12 03 00 12 02 01 01 06 11 03 00 12 02 01 01   ................
|   3968: 06 00 03 00 12 02 01 01 06 0f 03 00 12 02 01 01   ................
|   3984: 06 0e 03 00 12 02 01 01 06 0d 03 00 12 02 01 01   ................
|   4000: 06 0c 03 00 12 02 01 01 06 0b 03 00 12 02 01 01   ................
|   4016: 06 0a 03 00 12 02 01 01 06 09 03 00 12 03 01 01   ................
|   4032: 06 08 03 00 12 03 01 01 06 07 03 00 12 03 01 01   ................
|   4048: 06 06 03 00 12 01 01 01 06 05 03 00 12 01 01 01   ................
|   4064: 06 04 03 00 12 01 01 01 06 03 03 00 12 06 01 01   ................
|   4080: 06 02 03 00 12 06 01 01 06 01 03 00 12 06 01 01   ................
| page 7 offset 24576
|      0: 0a 00 00 00 01 0f f4 00 0f f4 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
|   4080: 00 00 00 00 0b 03 1b 01 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 04   ........version.
| end crash-3aef66940ace0c.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 65.1 {
  SELECT ( MATCH (t1,591)) FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'e*eŸ'
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
reset_db
do_test 66.0 {
  sqlite3 db {}
  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
.open --hexdb
| size 28672 pagesize 4096 filename crash-37cecb4e784e9f.db
| page 1 offset 0
|      0: 53 51 4c 69 74 65 20 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 20 33 00   SQLite format 3.
|     16: 10 00 01 01 00 40 20 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 07   .....@  ........
|     96: 00 00 00 00 0d 00 00 00 07 0d d2 00 0f c4 0f 6d   ...............m
|    112: 0f 02 0e ab 0e 4e 0d f6 0d d2 00 00 00 00 00 00   .....N..........
|   3536: 00 00 22 07 06 17 11 11 01 31 74 61 62 6c 65 74   .........1tablet
|   3552: 32 74 32 07 43 52 45 41 54 45 20 54 41 42 4c 45   2t2.CREATE TABLE
|   3568: 20 74 32 28 78 29 56 06 06 17 1f 1f 01 7d 74 61    t2(x)V.......ta
|   3584: 62 6c 65 74 31 5f 63 6f 6e 66 69 67 74 31 5f 63   blet1_configt1_c
|   3600: 6f 6e 66 69 67 06 43 52 45 41 54 45 20 54 41 42   onfig.CREATE TAB
|   3616: 4c 45 20 27 74 31 5f 63 6f 6e 66 69 67 27 28 6b   LE 't1_config'(k
|   3632: 20 50 52 49 4d 41 52 59 20 4b 45 59 2c 20 76 29    PRIMARY KEY, v)
|   3648: 20 57 49 54 48 4f 55 54 20 52 4f 57 49 44 5b 05    WITHOUT ROWID[.
|   3664: 07 17 21 21 01 81 01 74 61 62 6c 65 74 31 5f 64   ..!!...tablet1_d
|   3680: 6f 63 73 69 7a 65 74 31 5f 64 6f 63 73 69 7a 65   ocsizet1_docsize
|   3696: 05 43 52 45 41 54 45 20 54 41 42 4c 45 20 27 74   .CREATE TABLE 't
|   3712: 31 5f 64 6f 63 73 69 7a 65 27 28 69 64 20 49 4e   1_docsize'(id IN
|   3728: 54 45 47 45 52 20 50 52 49 4d 41 52 59 20 4b 45   TEGER PRIMARY KE
|   3744: 59 2c 20 73 7a 20 42 4c 4f 42 29 55 04 06 17 21   Y, sz BLOB)U...!
|   3760: 21 01 77 74 61 62 6c 65 74 31 5f 63 6f 6e 74 65   !.wtablet1_conte
|   3776: 6e 74 74 31 5f 63 6f 6e 74 65 6e 74 04 43 52 45   ntt1_content.CRE
|   3792: 41 54 45 20 54 41 42 4c 45 20 27 74 31 5f 63 6f   ATE TABLE 't1_co
|   3808: 6e 74 65 6e 74 27 28 69 64 20 49 4e 54 45 47 45   ntent'(id INTEGE
|   3824: 52 20 50 52 49 4d 41 52 59 20 4b 45 59 2c 20 63   R PRIMARY KEY, c
|   3840: 30 29 69 03 07 17 19 19 01 81 2d 74 61 62 6c 65   0)i.......-table
|   3856: 74 31 5f 69 64 78 74 31 5f 69 64 78 03 43 52 45   t1_idxt1_idx.CRE
|   3872: 41 54 45 20 54 41 42 4c 45 20 27 74 31 5f 69 64   ATE TABLE 't1_id
|   3888: 78 27 28 73 65 67 69 64 2c 20 74 65 72 6d 2c 20   x'(segid, term, 
|   3904: 70 67 6e 6f 2c 20 50 52 49 4d 41 52 59 20 4b 45   pgno, PRIMARY KE
|   3920: 59 28 73 65 67 69 64 2c 20 74 65 72 6d 29 29 20   Y(segid, term)) 
|   3936: 57 49 54 48 4f 55 54 20 52 4f 57 49 44 55 02 07   WITHOUT ROWIDU..
|   3952: 17 1b 1b 01 81 01 74 61 62 6c 65 74 31 5f 64 61   ......tablet1_da
|   3968: 74 61 74 31 5f 64 61 74 61 02 43 52 45 41 54 45   tat1_data.CREATE
|   3984: 20 54 41 42 4c 45 20 27 74 31 5f 64 61 74 61 27    TABLE 't1_data'
|   4000: 28 69 64 20 49 4e 54 45 47 45 52 20 50 52 49 4d   (id INTEGER PRIM
|   4016: 41 52 49 20 4b 45 59 2c 20 62 6c 6f 63 6b 20 42   ARI KEY, block B
|   4032: 4c 4f 42 29 3a 01 06 17 11 11 08 63 74 61 62 6c   LOB):......ctabl
|   4048: 65 74 31 74 31 43 52 45 41 54 45 20 56 49 52 54   et1t1CREATE VIRT
|   4064: 55 41 4c 20 54 41 42 4c 45 20 74 31 20 55 53 49   UAL TABLE t1 USI
|   4080: 4e 47 20 66 74 73 35 28 63 6f 6e 74 65 6e 74 29   NG fts5(content)
| page 2 offset 4096
|      0: 0d 00 00 00 03 0f bd 00 0f e8 0f ef 0f bd 00 01   ................
|   4016: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 24 84 80   .............$..
|   4032: 80 80 80 01 03 00 4e 00 00 00 1e 06 30 61 62 61   ......N.....0aba
|   4048: 63 6b 01 02 02 04 02 66 74 02 02 02 04 04 6e 64   ck.....ft.....nd
|   4064: 6f 6e 03 02 02 04 0a 07 05 01 03 00 10 03 03 0f   on..............
|   4080: 0a 03 00 24 00 00 00 00 01 01 01 00 01 00 01 01   ...$............
| page 3 offset 8192
|      0: 0a 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
|   4080: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 05 04 09 0c 01 02   ................
| page 4 offset 12288
|      0: 0d 00 00 00 03 0f e0 00 0f f6 0f ec 0f e0 00 00   ................
|   4064: 0a 03 03 00 1b 61 62 61 6e 64 6f 6e 08 02 03 00   .....abandon....
|   4080: 17 61 62 61 66 74 08 01 03 00 17 61 62 61 63 6b   .abaft.....aback
| page 5 offset 16384
|      0: 0d 00 00 00 03 0f ee 00 0f fa 0f f4 0f ee 00 00   ................
|   4064: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 03   ................
|   4080: 03 00 0e 01 04 02 03 00 0e 01 04 01 03 00 0e 01   ................
| page 6 offset 20480
|      0: 0a 00 00 01 01 0f f4 00 0f f4 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
|   4080: 00 00 00 00 0b 03 1b 01 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 04   ........version.
| page 7 offset 24576
|      0: 0d 00 00 00 03 0f d6 00 0f f4 0f e1 0f d6 00 00   ................
|   4048: 00 00 00 00 00 00 09 01 52 1b 72 65 62 75 69 6c   ........R.rebuil
|   4064: 64 11 02 02 2b 69 6e 74 65 67 72 69 74 79 2d 63   d...+integrity-c
|   4080: 68 65 63 6b 0a 01 02 1d 6f 70 74 69 6d 69 7a 65   heck....optimize
| end crash-37cecb4e784e9f.db
}]} {}

do_catchsql_test 66.1 {
  INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('integrity-check');
} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}



sqlite3_fts5_may_be_corrupt 0
finish_test

  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('b c d a');  -- 4
}
do_faultsim_test 5.1 -faults oom* -body {
  execsql { SELECT rowid FROM t1('^a OR ^b') }
} -test {
  faultsim_test_result {0 {1 4}}
}
























finish_test

  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('b c d a');  -- 4
}
do_faultsim_test 5.1 -faults oom* -body {
  execsql { SELECT rowid FROM t1('^a OR ^b') }
} -test {
  faultsim_test_result {0 {1 4}}
}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Test OOM injection in a query with two MATCH expressions
#
reset_db
do_execsql_test 6.0 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(a);
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('a b c d');  -- 1
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('d a b c');  -- 2
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('c d a b');  -- 3
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('b c d a');  -- 4
}
do_faultsim_test 6.1 -faults oom* -body {
  execsql { SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'a' AND t1 MATCH 'b' }
} -test {
  faultsim_test_result {0 {1 2 3 4}}
}
do_faultsim_test 6.2 -faults oom* -body {
  execsql { SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'a OR b' AND t1 MATCH 'c OR d' }
} -test {
  faultsim_test_result {0 {1 2 3 4}}
}


finish_test

db func rnddoc fts5_rnddoc
do_test 1.1 {
  list [catch {
    for {set i 0} {$i < 2500} {incr i} {
      execsql { INSERT INTO x8 VALUES( rnddoc(5) ); }
    }
  } msg] $msg
} {1 {database or disk is full}}


finish_test

db func rnddoc fts5_rnddoc
do_test 1.1 {
  list [catch {
    for {set i 0} {$i < 2500} {incr i} {
      execsql { INSERT INTO x8 VALUES( rnddoc(5) ); }
    }
  } msg] $msg
} {0 {}}


finish_test

  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE x1 USING fts5(z);
  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('a b c a b c a b c');
} {}

do_catchsql_test 14.2 {
  SELECT matchinfo(x1, 'd') FROM x1('a b c');
} {1 {unrecognized matchinfo flag: d}}


























finish_test

  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE x1 USING fts5(z);
  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('a b c a b c a b c');
} {}

do_catchsql_test 14.2 {
  SELECT matchinfo(x1, 'd') FROM x1('a b c');
} {1 {unrecognized matchinfo flag: d}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Test using matchinfo() and similar on a non-full-text query
#
do_execsql_test 15.0 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(x, y);
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('a', 'b');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('c', 'd');
}

do_execsql_test 15.1 {
  SELECT quote(matchinfo(t1, 'n')) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
} {X'02000000'}

do_execsql_test 15.2 {
  DELETE FROM t1_content WHERE rowid=1;
  SELECT quote(matchinfo(t1, 'n')) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
} {X'02000000'}

fts5_aux_test_functions db
do_execsql_test 15.3 {
  SELECT fts5_test_all(t1) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
} {
  {columnsize {0 0} columntext {c d} columntotalsize {2 2} poslist {} tokenize {c d} rowcount 2}
}

finish_test

# 2019 September 02
#
# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
#
#    May you do good and not evil.
#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
#
#*************************************************************************
# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
# focus of this script is testing the FTS5 module.
#

source [file join [file dirname [info script]] fts5_common.tcl]
set testprefix fts5misc

# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5 is not defined, omit this file.
ifcapable !fts5 {
  finish_test
  return
}

do_execsql_test 1.0 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(a);
}

do_catchsql_test 1.1.1 { 
  SELECT highlight(t1, 4, '<b>', '</b>') FROM t1('*'); 
} {1 {unknown special query: }}
do_catchsql_test 1.1.2 {
  SELECT a FROM t1
    WHERE rank = (SELECT highlight(t1, 4, '<b>', '</b>') FROM t1('*'));
} {1 {unknown special query: }}

do_catchsql_test 1.2.1 { 
  SELECT highlight(t1, 4, '<b>', '</b>') FROM t1('*id'); 
} {0 {{}}}

do_catchsql_test 1.2.2 {
  SELECT a FROM t1
    WHERE rank = (SELECT highlight(t1, 4, '<b>', '</b>') FROM t1('*id'));
} {0 {}}

do_catchsql_test 1.3.1 { 
  SELECT highlight(t1, 4, '<b>', '</b>') FROM t1('*reads'); 
} {1 {no such cursor: 1}}

do_catchsql_test 1.3.2 {
  SELECT a FROM t1
    WHERE rank = (SELECT highlight(t1, 4, '<b>', '</b>') FROM t1('*reads'));
} {1 {no such cursor: 1}}

db close
sqlite3 db test.db

do_catchsql_test 1.3.3 {
  SELECT a FROM t1
    WHERE rank = (SELECT highlight(t1, 4, '<b>', '</b>') FROM t1('*reads'));
} {1 {no such cursor: 1}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_execsql_test 2.0 {
  CREATE TABLE t0(c0);
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE vt0 USING fts5(c0);
}
do_execsql_test 2.1.1 {
  BEGIN TRANSACTION;
  INSERT INTO vt0(c0) VALUES ('xyz');
}
do_execsql_test 2.1.2 {
  ALTER TABLE t0 ADD COLUMN c5;
}
do_execsql_test 2.1.3 {
  INSERT INTO vt0(vt0) VALUES('integrity-check');
}
do_execsql_test 2.1.4 {
  INSERT INTO vt0(c0) VALUES ('abc');
  COMMIT
}
do_execsql_test 2.1.5 {
  INSERT INTO vt0(vt0) VALUES('integrity-check');
}

reset_db
do_execsql_test 2.2.1 {
  CREATE TABLE t0(c0);
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE vt0 USING fts5(c0);
  BEGIN TRANSACTION;
  INSERT INTO vt0(c0) VALUES ('xyz');
}

breakpoint
do_execsql_test 2.2.2 {
  ALTER TABLE t0 RENAME TO t1;
}
do_execsql_test 2.2.3 {
  INSERT INTO vt0(vt0) VALUES('integrity-check');
}
do_execsql_test 2.2.4 {
  INSERT INTO vt0(c0) VALUES ('abc');
  COMMIT;
}
do_execsql_test 2.2.5 {
  INSERT INTO vt0(vt0) VALUES('integrity-check');
}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_execsql_test 3.0 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE vt0 USING fts5(a);
  PRAGMA reverse_unordered_selects = true;
  INSERT INTO vt0 VALUES('365062398'), (0), (0);
  INSERT INTO vt0(vt0, rank) VALUES('pgsz', '38');
}
do_execsql_test 3.1 {
  UPDATE vt0 SET a = 399905135; -- unexpected: database disk image is malformed
}
do_execsql_test 3.2 {
  INSERT INTO vt0(vt0) VALUES('integrity-check');
}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_execsql_test 4.0 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE vt0 USING fts5(c0);
  INSERT INTO vt0(c0) VALUES ('xyz');
}

do_execsql_test 4.1 {
  BEGIN;
    INSERT INTO vt0(c0) VALUES ('abc');
    INSERT INTO vt0(vt0) VALUES('rebuild');
  COMMIT;
}

do_execsql_test 4.2 {
  INSERT INTO vt0(vt0) VALUES('integrity-check');
}

do_execsql_test 4.3 {
  BEGIN;
    INSERT INTO vt0(vt0) VALUES('rebuild');
    INSERT INTO vt0(vt0) VALUES('rebuild');
  COMMIT;
}

do_execsql_test 4.4 {
  INSERT INTO vt0(vt0) VALUES('integrity-check');
}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Ticket [81a7f7b9].
#
reset_db
do_execsql_test 5.0 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE vt0 USING fts5(c0, c1);
  INSERT INTO vt0(vt0, rank) VALUES('pgsz', '65536');
  WITH s(i) AS (
    SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT i+1 FROM s WHERE i<1236
  )
  INSERT INTO vt0(c0) SELECT '0' FROM s;
} {}

do_execsql_test 5.1 {
  UPDATE vt0 SET c1 = 'T,D&p^y/7#3*v<b<4j7|f';
}

do_execsql_test 5.2 {
  INSERT INTO vt0(vt0) VALUES('integrity-check');
}

do_catchsql_test 5.3 {
  INSERT INTO vt0(vt0, rank) VALUES('pgsz', '65537');
} {1 {SQL logic error}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Ticket [d392017c].
#
reset_db
do_execsql_test 6.0 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE vt0 USING fts5(c0);
  WITH s(i) AS (
    SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT i+1 FROM s WHERE i<10000
  )
  INSERT INTO vt0(c0) SELECT '0' FROM s;
  INSERT INTO vt0(vt0, rank) VALUES('crisismerge', 2000);
  INSERT INTO vt0(vt0, rank) VALUES('automerge', 0);
} {}

do_execsql_test 6.1 {
  INSERT INTO vt0(vt0) VALUES('rebuild');
}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
reset_db
do_execsql_test 7.0 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(x);
  INSERT INTO t1(rowid, x) VALUES(1, 'hello world');
  INSERT INTO t1(rowid, x) VALUES(2, 'well said');
  INSERT INTO t1(rowid, x) VALUES(3, 'hello said');
  INSERT INTO t1(rowid, x) VALUES(4, 'well world');

  CREATE TABLE t2 (a, b);
  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1, 'hello');
  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(2, 'world');
  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(3, 'said');
  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(4, 'hello');
}

do_execsql_test 7.1 {
  SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE (rowid, x) IN (SELECT a, b FROM t2); 
}

do_execsql_test 7.2 {
  SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE rowid=2 AND t1 = 'hello';
}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
reset_db
do_execsql_test 8.0 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE vt0 USING fts5(c0, tokenize = "ascii", prefix = 1);
  INSERT INTO vt0(c0) VALUES (x'd1');
}

do_execsql_test 8.1 {
  INSERT INTO vt0(vt0) VALUES('integrity-check');
}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
reset_db
do_execsql_test 9.0 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 using FTS5(mailcontent);
  insert into t1(rowid, mailcontent) values
      (-4764623217061966105, 'we are going to upgrade'),
      (8324454597464624651, 'we are going to upgrade');
}

do_execsql_test 9.1 {
  INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('integrity-check');
}

do_execsql_test 9.2 {
  SELECT rowid FROM t1('upgrade');
} {
  -4764623217061966105 8324454597464624651
}


finish_test

# 2014 September 13
#
# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
#
#    May you do good and not evil.
#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
#
#*************************************************************************
# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
# focus of this script is testing the FTS5 module.
#

source [file join [file dirname [info script]] fts5_common.tcl]
set testprefix fts5multi

# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5 is not defined, omit this file.
ifcapable !fts5 {
  finish_test
  return
}

fts5_aux_test_functions db

do_execsql_test 1.0 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(a, b, c);
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('gg bb bb'   ,'gg ff gg'   ,'ii ii');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('dd dd hh kk','jj'         ,'aa');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('kk gg ee'   ,'hh cc'      ,'hh jj aa cc');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('hh'         ,'bb jj cc'   ,'kk ii');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('kk dd kk ii','aa ee aa'   ,'ee');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('ee'         ,'ff gg kk aa','ee ff ee');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('ff jj'      ,'gg ee'      ,'kk ee gg kk');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('ff ee dd hh','kk ee'      ,'gg dd');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('bb'         ,'aa'         ,'bb aa');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('hh cc bb'   ,'ff bb'      ,'cc');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('jj'         ,'ff dd bb aa','dd dd ff ff');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('ff dd gg dd','gg aa bb ff','cc');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('ff aa cc jj','kk'         ,'ii dd');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('jj dd'      ,'cc'         ,'ii hh ee aa');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('ff ii hh'   ,'dd'         ,'gg');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('ff dd gg hh','hh'         ,'ff dd');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('cc cc'      ,'ff dd ff'   ,'bb');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('ii'         ,'bb ii'      ,'jj kk');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('ff hh'      ,'hh bb'      ,'bb dd ee');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('jj kk'      ,'jj'         ,'gg ff cc');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('dd kk'      ,'ii gg'      ,'dd');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('cc'         ,'aa ff'      ,'ii');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('bb ff bb ii','bb kk bb aa','hh ff ii dd');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('aa'         ,'ee bb jj jj','dd');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('kk dd cc'   ,'aa jj'      ,'ee aa ff');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('aa gg aa'   ,'jj'         ,'ii kk hh gg');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('ff hh aa'   ,'jj ii'      ,'hh dd bb jj');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('hh'         ,'aa gg kk'   ,'bb ee');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('bb'         ,'ee'         ,'gg');
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('dd kk'      ,'kk bb aa'   ,'ee');
}

foreach {tn c1 e1 c2 e2} {
  1     t1 aa     t1 bb
  2     a  aa     b  bb
  3     a  "aa OR bb OR cc"    b  "jj OR ii OR hh"
  4     t1  "aa AND bb"       t1  "cc"
  5     c   "kk"               b  "aa OR bb OR cc OR dd OR ee"
} {
  if {$c1=="t1"} {
    set lhs "( $e1 )"
  } else {
    set lhs "$c1 : ( $e1 )"
  }
  if {$c2=="t1"} {
    set rhs "( $e2 )"
  } else {
    set rhs "$c2 : ( $e2 )"
  }

  set q1 "t1 MATCH '($lhs) AND ($rhs)'"
  set q2 "$c1 MATCH '$e1' AND $c2 MATCH '$e2'"

  set ret [execsql "SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE $q1"]
  set N [llength $ret]
  do_execsql_test 1.$tn.1.($N) "SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE $q2" $ret

  set ret [execsql "SELECT fts5_test_poslist(t1) FROM t1 WHERE $q1"]
  do_execsql_test 1.$tn.2.($N) "
    SELECT fts5_test_poslist(t1) FROM t1 WHERE $q2
  " $ret
}

do_catchsql_test 2.1.1 {
  SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH '(NOT' AND t1 MATCH 'aa bb';
} {1 {fts5: syntax error near "NOT"}}
do_catchsql_test 2.1.2 {
  SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'aa bb' AND t1 MATCH '(NOT';
} {1 {fts5: syntax error near "NOT"}}

finish_test

}

do_eqp_test 1.1 {
  SELECT * FROM t1, f1 WHERE f1 MATCH t1.x
} {
  QUERY PLAN
  |--SCAN TABLE t1
  `--SCAN TABLE f1 VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 65537:
}

do_eqp_test 1.2 {
  SELECT * FROM t1, f1 WHERE f1 > t1.x
} {
  QUERY PLAN
  |--SCAN TABLE f1 VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 0:
................................................................................
  `--SCAN TABLE t1
}

do_eqp_test 1.3 {
  SELECT * FROM f1 WHERE f1 MATCH ? ORDER BY ff
} {
  QUERY PLAN
  |--SCAN TABLE f1 VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 65537:
  `--USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY
}

do_eqp_test 1.4 {
  SELECT * FROM f1 ORDER BY rank
} {
  QUERY PLAN
  |--SCAN TABLE f1 VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 0:
  `--USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY
}

do_eqp_test 1.5 {
  SELECT * FROM f1 WHERE rank MATCH ?
} {SCAN TABLE f1 VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 2:}

finish_test

}

do_eqp_test 1.1 {
  SELECT * FROM t1, f1 WHERE f1 MATCH t1.x
} {
  QUERY PLAN
  |--SCAN TABLE t1
  `--SCAN TABLE f1 VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 0:m
}

do_eqp_test 1.2 {
  SELECT * FROM t1, f1 WHERE f1 > t1.x
} {
  QUERY PLAN
  |--SCAN TABLE f1 VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 0:
................................................................................
  `--SCAN TABLE t1
}

do_eqp_test 1.3 {
  SELECT * FROM f1 WHERE f1 MATCH ? ORDER BY ff
} {
  QUERY PLAN
  |--SCAN TABLE f1 VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 0:m
  `--USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY
}

do_eqp_test 1.4 {
  SELECT * FROM f1 ORDER BY rank
} {
  QUERY PLAN
  |--SCAN TABLE f1 VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 0:
  `--USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY
}

do_eqp_test 1.5 {
  SELECT * FROM f1 WHERE rank MATCH ?
} {SCAN TABLE f1 VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 0:r}

finish_test

  )
  INSERT INTO ttt SELECT 'word ' || i FROM s;
}

do_execsql_test 5.1 {
  SELECT rowid FROM ttt('word') WHERE rowid BETWEEN 30 AND 40 ORDER BY rank;
} {30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40}



















finish_test

  )
  INSERT INTO ttt SELECT 'word ' || i FROM s;
}

do_execsql_test 5.1 {
  SELECT rowid FROM ttt('word') WHERE rowid BETWEEN 30 AND 40 ORDER BY rank;
} {30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_execsql_test 6.0 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE "My.Table" USING fts5(Text);

  INSERT INTO "My.Table" VALUES ('hello this is a test');
  INSERT INTO "My.Table" VALUES ('of trying to order by');
  INSERT INTO "My.Table" VALUES ('rank on an fts5 table');
  INSERT INTO "My.Table" VALUES ('that have periods in');
  INSERT INTO "My.Table" VALUES ('the table names.');
  INSERT INTO "My.Table" VALUES ('table table table');
}
do_execsql_test 6.1 {
  SELECT * FROM "My.Table" WHERE Text MATCH 'table' ORDER BY rank;
} {
  {table table table} {the table names.} {rank on an fts5 table}
}

finish_test

} {11111 11112}
do_execsql_test 21.3 {
  DELETE FROM x1 WHERE rowid=11111;
  INSERT INTO x1(x1) VALUES('integrity-check');
  SELECT rowid FROM x1($doc);
} {11112}














finish_test

} {11111 11112}
do_execsql_test 21.3 {
  DELETE FROM x1 WHERE rowid=11111;
  INSERT INTO x1(x1) VALUES('integrity-check');
  SELECT rowid FROM x1($doc);
} {11112}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset_db
do_execsql_test 22.0 {
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE x1 USING fts5(x);
  INSERT INTO x1(x) VALUES('a b c');
  INSERT INTO x1(x) VALUES('x y z');
  INSERT INTO x1(x) VALUES('c b a');
  INSERT INTO x1(x) VALUES('z y x');
}

do_catchsql_test 22.1 {SELECT * FROM x1('')}   {1 {fts5: syntax error near ""}}
do_catchsql_test 22.2 {SELECT * FROM x1(NULL)} {1 {fts5: syntax error near ""}}

finish_test

** at the address $ptr.  $ptr is a pointer to the array of integers.
** The pointer value must be assigned to $ptr using the
** sqlite3_bind_pointer() interface with a pointer type of "carray".
** For example:
**
**    static int aX[] = { 53, 9, 17, 2231, 4, 99 };
**    int i = sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(pStmt, "$ptr");
**    sqlite3_bind_value(pStmt, i, aX, "carray", 0);
**
** There is an optional third parameter to determine the datatype of
** the C-language array.  Allowed values of the third parameter are
** 'int32', 'int64', 'double', 'char*'.  Example:
**
**      SELECT * FROM carray($ptr,10,'char*');
**

** at the address $ptr.  $ptr is a pointer to the array of integers.
** The pointer value must be assigned to $ptr using the
** sqlite3_bind_pointer() interface with a pointer type of "carray".
** For example:
**
**    static int aX[] = { 53, 9, 17, 2231, 4, 99 };
**    int i = sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(pStmt, "$ptr");
**    sqlite3_bind_pointer(pStmt, i, aX, "carray", 0);
**
** There is an optional third parameter to determine the datatype of
** the C-language array.  Allowed values of the third parameter are
** 'int32', 'int64', 'double', 'char*'.  Example:
**
**      SELECT * FROM carray($ptr,10,'char*');
**

){
  JsonString s;
  jsonInit(&s, pCtx);
  jsonRenderNode(pNode, &s, aReplace);
  jsonResult(&s);
  sqlite3_result_subtype(pCtx, JSON_SUBTYPE);
}
































/*
** Make the JsonNode the return value of the function.
*/
static void jsonReturn(
  JsonNode *pNode,            /* Node to return */
  sqlite3_context *pCtx,      /* Return value for this function */
................................................................................
        for(i=1, j=0; i<n-1; i++){
          char c = z[i];
          if( c!='\\' ){
            zOut[j++] = c;
          }else{
            c = z[++i];
            if( c=='u' ){
              u32 v = 0, k;
              for(k=0; k<4; i++, k++){
                assert( i<n-2 );
                c = z[i+1];
                assert( safe_isxdigit(c) );
                if( c<='9' ) v = v*16 + c - '0';
                else if( c<='F' ) v = v*16 + c - 'A' + 10;
                else v = v*16 + c - 'a' + 10;
              }
              if( v==0 ) break;
              if( v<=0x7f ){
                zOut[j++] = (char)v;
              }else if( v<=0x7ff ){
                zOut[j++] = (char)(0xc0 | (v>>6));
                zOut[j++] = 0x80 | (v&0x3f);
              }else{















                zOut[j++] = (char)(0xe0 | (v>>12));
                zOut[j++] = 0x80 | ((v>>6)&0x3f);
                zOut[j++] = 0x80 | (v&0x3f);

              }
            }else{
              if( c=='b' ){
                c = '\b';
              }else if( c=='f' ){
                c = '\f';
              }else if( c=='n' ){
................................................................................
  JsonString *pStr;
  UNUSED_PARAM(argc);
  pStr = (JsonString*)sqlite3_aggregate_context(ctx, sizeof(*pStr));
  if( pStr ){
    if( pStr->zBuf==0 ){
      jsonInit(pStr, ctx);
      jsonAppendChar(pStr, '[');
    }else{
      jsonAppendChar(pStr, ',');
      pStr->pCtx = ctx;
    }
    jsonAppendValue(pStr, argv[0]);
  }
}
static void jsonArrayCompute(sqlite3_context *ctx, int isFinal){
................................................................................
** text through that comma.
*/
static void jsonGroupInverse(
  sqlite3_context *ctx,
  int argc,
  sqlite3_value **argv
){
  int i;
  int inStr = 0;

  char *z;

  JsonString *pStr;
  UNUSED_PARAM(argc);
  UNUSED_PARAM(argv);
  pStr = (JsonString*)sqlite3_aggregate_context(ctx, 0);
#ifdef NEVER
  /* pStr is always non-NULL since jsonArrayStep() or jsonObjectStep() will
  ** always have been called to initalize it */
  if( NEVER(!pStr) ) return;
#endif
  z = pStr->zBuf;
  for(i=1; z[i]!=',' || inStr; i++){
    assert( i<pStr->nUsed );



    if( z[i]=='"' ){
      inStr = !inStr;
    }else if( z[i]=='\\' ){
      i++;



    }
  }
  pStr->nUsed -= i;      
  memmove(&z[1], &z[i+1], (size_t)pStr->nUsed-1);
}
#else
# define jsonGroupInverse 0
................................................................................
  u32 n;
  UNUSED_PARAM(argc);
  pStr = (JsonString*)sqlite3_aggregate_context(ctx, sizeof(*pStr));
  if( pStr ){
    if( pStr->zBuf==0 ){
      jsonInit(pStr, ctx);
      jsonAppendChar(pStr, '{');
    }else{
      jsonAppendChar(pStr, ',');
      pStr->pCtx = ctx;
    }
    z = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
    n = (u32)sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]);
    jsonAppendString(pStr, z, n);
    jsonAppendChar(pStr, ':');
................................................................................
  } aMod[] = {
    { "json_each",            &jsonEachModule               },
    { "json_tree",            &jsonTreeModule               },
  };
#endif
  for(i=0; i<sizeof(aFunc)/sizeof(aFunc[0]) && rc==SQLITE_OK; i++){
    rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, aFunc[i].zName, aFunc[i].nArg,
                                 SQLITE_UTF8 | SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC, 
                                 (void*)&aFunc[i].flag,
                                 aFunc[i].xFunc, 0, 0);
  }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
  for(i=0; i<sizeof(aAgg)/sizeof(aAgg[0]) && rc==SQLITE_OK; i++){
    rc = sqlite3_create_window_function(db, aAgg[i].zName, aAgg[i].nArg,
                                 SQLITE_UTF8 | SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC, 0,
                                 aAgg[i].xStep, aAgg[i].xFinal,
                                 aAgg[i].xValue, jsonGroupInverse, 0);
  }
#endif
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
  for(i=0; i<sizeof(aMod)/sizeof(aMod[0]) && rc==SQLITE_OK; i++){
    rc = sqlite3_create_module(db, aMod[i].zName, aMod[i].pModule, 0);

){
  JsonString s;
  jsonInit(&s, pCtx);
  jsonRenderNode(pNode, &s, aReplace);
  jsonResult(&s);
  sqlite3_result_subtype(pCtx, JSON_SUBTYPE);
}

/*
** Translate a single byte of Hex into an integer.
** This routine only works if h really is a valid hexadecimal
** character:  0..9a..fA..F
*/
static u8 jsonHexToInt(int h){
  assert( (h>='0' && h<='9') ||  (h>='a' && h<='f') ||  (h>='A' && h<='F') );
#ifdef SQLITE_EBCDIC
  h += 9*(1&~(h>>4));
#else
  h += 9*(1&(h>>6));
#endif
  return (u8)(h & 0xf);
}

/*
** Convert a 4-byte hex string into an integer
*/
static u32 jsonHexToInt4(const char *z){
  u32 v;
  assert( safe_isxdigit(z[0]) );
  assert( safe_isxdigit(z[1]) );
  assert( safe_isxdigit(z[2]) );
  assert( safe_isxdigit(z[3]) );
  v = (jsonHexToInt(z[0])<<12)
    + (jsonHexToInt(z[1])<<8)
    + (jsonHexToInt(z[2])<<4)
    + jsonHexToInt(z[3]);
  return v;
}

/*
** Make the JsonNode the return value of the function.
*/
static void jsonReturn(
  JsonNode *pNode,            /* Node to return */
  sqlite3_context *pCtx,      /* Return value for this function */
................................................................................
        for(i=1, j=0; i<n-1; i++){
          char c = z[i];
          if( c!='\\' ){
            zOut[j++] = c;
          }else{
            c = z[++i];
            if( c=='u' ){
              u32 v = jsonHexToInt4(z+i+1);
              i += 4;







              if( v==0 ) break;
              if( v<=0x7f ){
                zOut[j++] = (char)v;
              }else if( v<=0x7ff ){
                zOut[j++] = (char)(0xc0 | (v>>6));
                zOut[j++] = 0x80 | (v&0x3f);
              }else{
                u32 vlo;
                if( (v&0xfc00)==0xd800
                  && i<n-6
                  && z[i+1]=='\\'
                  && z[i+2]=='u'
                  && ((vlo = jsonHexToInt4(z+i+3))&0xfc00)==0xdc00
                ){
                  /* We have a surrogate pair */
                  v = ((v&0x3ff)<<10) + (vlo&0x3ff) + 0x10000;
                  i += 6;
                  zOut[j++] = 0xf0 | (v>>18);
                  zOut[j++] = 0x80 | ((v>>12)&0x3f);
                  zOut[j++] = 0x80 | ((v>>6)&0x3f);
                  zOut[j++] = 0x80 | (v&0x3f);
                }else{
                  zOut[j++] = 0xe0 | (v>>12);
                  zOut[j++] = 0x80 | ((v>>6)&0x3f);
                  zOut[j++] = 0x80 | (v&0x3f);
                }
              }
            }else{
              if( c=='b' ){
                c = '\b';
              }else if( c=='f' ){
                c = '\f';
              }else if( c=='n' ){
................................................................................
  JsonString *pStr;
  UNUSED_PARAM(argc);
  pStr = (JsonString*)sqlite3_aggregate_context(ctx, sizeof(*pStr));
  if( pStr ){
    if( pStr->zBuf==0 ){
      jsonInit(pStr, ctx);
      jsonAppendChar(pStr, '[');
    }else if( pStr->nUsed>1 ){
      jsonAppendChar(pStr, ',');
      pStr->pCtx = ctx;
    }
    jsonAppendValue(pStr, argv[0]);
  }
}
static void jsonArrayCompute(sqlite3_context *ctx, int isFinal){
................................................................................
** text through that comma.
*/
static void jsonGroupInverse(
  sqlite3_context *ctx,
  int argc,
  sqlite3_value **argv
){
  unsigned int i;
  int inStr = 0;
  int nNest = 0;
  char *z;
  char c;
  JsonString *pStr;
  UNUSED_PARAM(argc);
  UNUSED_PARAM(argv);
  pStr = (JsonString*)sqlite3_aggregate_context(ctx, 0);
#ifdef NEVER
  /* pStr is always non-NULL since jsonArrayStep() or jsonObjectStep() will
  ** always have been called to initalize it */
  if( NEVER(!pStr) ) return;
#endif
  z = pStr->zBuf;
  for(i=1; (c = z[i])!=',' || inStr || nNest; i++){
    if( i>=pStr->nUsed ){
      pStr->nUsed = 1;
      return;
    }
    if( c=='"' ){
      inStr = !inStr;
    }else if( c=='\\' ){
      i++;
    }else if( !inStr ){
      if( c=='{' || c=='[' ) nNest++;
      if( c=='}' || c==']' ) nNest--;
    }
  }
  pStr->nUsed -= i;      
  memmove(&z[1], &z[i+1], (size_t)pStr->nUsed-1);
}
#else
# define jsonGroupInverse 0
................................................................................
  u32 n;
  UNUSED_PARAM(argc);
  pStr = (JsonString*)sqlite3_aggregate_context(ctx, sizeof(*pStr));
  if( pStr ){
    if( pStr->zBuf==0 ){
      jsonInit(pStr, ctx);
      jsonAppendChar(pStr, '{');
    }else if( pStr->nUsed>1 ){
      jsonAppendChar(pStr, ',');
      pStr->pCtx = ctx;
    }
    z = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
    n = (u32)sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]);
    jsonAppendString(pStr, z, n);
    jsonAppendChar(pStr, ':');
................................................................................
  } aMod[] = {
    { "json_each",            &jsonEachModule               },
    { "json_tree",            &jsonTreeModule               },
  };
#endif
  for(i=0; i<sizeof(aFunc)/sizeof(aFunc[0]) && rc==SQLITE_OK; i++){
    rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, aFunc[i].zName, aFunc[i].nArg,
                                 SQLITE_UTF8 | SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC,
                                 (void*)&aFunc[i].flag,
                                 aFunc[i].xFunc, 0, 0);
  }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
  for(i=0; i<sizeof(aAgg)/sizeof(aAgg[0]) && rc==SQLITE_OK; i++){
    rc = sqlite3_create_window_function(db, aAgg[i].zName, aAgg[i].nArg,
                SQLITE_SUBTYPE | SQLITE_UTF8 | SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC, 0,
                                 aAgg[i].xStep, aAgg[i].xFinal,
                                 aAgg[i].xValue, jsonGroupInverse, 0);
  }
#endif
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
  for(i=0; i<sizeof(aMod)/sizeof(aMod[0]) && rc==SQLITE_OK; i++){
    rc = sqlite3_create_module(db, aMod[i].zName, aMod[i].pModule, 0);

  sqlite3 *db,
  char **pzErrMsg,
  const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi
){
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
  SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(pApi);
  (void)pzErrMsg;  /* Unused parameter */
  rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "tointeger", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,

                               tointegerFunc, 0, 0);
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "toreal", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,

                                 torealFunc, 0, 0);
  }
  return rc;
}

  sqlite3 *db,
  char **pzErrMsg,
  const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi
){
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
  SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(pApi);
  (void)pzErrMsg;  /* Unused parameter */
  rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "tointeger", 1,
        SQLITE_UTF8 | SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC, 0,
        tointegerFunc, 0, 0);
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "toreal", 1,
        SQLITE_UTF8 | SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC, 0,
        torealFunc, 0, 0);
  }
  return rc;
}

/*
** 2019-10-23
**
** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
**
**    May you do good and not evil.
**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
******************************************************************************
**
** This SQLite extension implements functions that handling RFC-4122 UUIDs
** Three SQL functions are implemented:
**
**     uuid()        - generate a version 4 UUID as a string
**     uuid_str(X)   - convert a UUID X into a well-formed UUID string
**     uuid_blob(X)  - convert a UUID X into a 16-byte blob
**
** The output from uuid() and uuid_str(X) are always well-formed RFC-4122
** UUID strings in this format:
**
**        xxxxxxxx-xxxx-Mxxx-Nxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx
**
** All of the 'x', 'M', and 'N' values are lower-case hexadecimal digits.
** The M digit indicates the "version".  For uuid()-generated UUIDs, the
** version is always "4" (a random UUID).  The upper three bits of N digit
** are the "variant".  This library only supports variant 1 (indicated
** by values of N between '8' and 'b') as those are overwhelming the most
** common.  Other variants are for legacy compatibility only.
**
** The output of uuid_blob(X) is always a 16-byte blob.  The UUID input
** string is converted in network byte order (big-endian) in accordance
** with RFC-4122 specifications for variant-1 UUIDs.  Note that network
** byte order is *always* used, even if the input self-identifies as a
** variant-2 UUID.
**
** The input X to the uuid_str() and uuid_blob() functions can be either
** a string or a BLOB.  If it is a BLOB it must be exactly 16 bytes in
** length or else a NULL is returned.  If the input is a string it must
** consist of 32 hexadecimal digits, upper or lower case, optionally
** surrounded by {...} and with optional "-" characters interposed in the
** middle.  The flexibility of input is inspired by the PostgreSQL
** implementation of UUID functions that accept in all of the following
** formats:
**
**     A0EEBC99-9C0B-4EF8-BB6D-6BB9BD380A11
**     {a0eebc99-9c0b-4ef8-bb6d-6bb9bd380a11}
**     a0eebc999c0b4ef8bb6d6bb9bd380a11
**     a0ee-bc99-9c0b-4ef8-bb6d-6bb9-bd38-0a11
**     {a0eebc99-9c0b4ef8-bb6d6bb9-bd380a11}
**
** If any of the above inputs are passed into uuid_str(), the output will
** always be in the canonical RFC-4122 format:
**
**     a0eebc99-9c0b-4ef8-bb6d-6bb9bd380a11
**
** If the X input string has too few or too many digits or contains
** stray characters other than {, }, or -, then NULL is returned.
*/
#include "sqlite3ext.h"
SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1
#include <assert.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>

#if !defined(SQLITE_ASCII) && !defined(SQLITE_EBCDIC)
# define SQLITE_ASCII 1
#endif

/*
** Translate a single byte of Hex into an integer.
** This routine only works if h really is a valid hexadecimal
** character:  0..9a..fA..F
*/
static unsigned char sqlite3UuidHexToInt(int h){
  assert( (h>='0' && h<='9') ||  (h>='a' && h<='f') ||  (h>='A' && h<='F') );
#ifdef SQLITE_ASCII
  h += 9*(1&(h>>6));
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_EBCDIC
  h += 9*(1&~(h>>4));
#endif
  return (unsigned char)(h & 0xf);
}

/*
** Convert a 16-byte BLOB into a well-formed RFC-4122 UUID.  The output
** buffer zStr should be at least 37 bytes in length.   The output will
** be zero-terminated.
*/
static void sqlite3UuidBlobToStr(
  const unsigned char *aBlob,  /* Input blob */
  unsigned char *zStr          /* Write the answer here */
){
  static const char zDigits[] = "0123456789abcdef";
  int i, k;
  unsigned char x;
  k = 0;
  for(i=0, k=0x550; i<16; i++, k=k>>1){
    if( k&1 ){
      zStr[0] = '-';
      zStr++;
    }
    x = aBlob[i];
    zStr[0] = zDigits[x>>4];
    zStr[1] = zDigits[x&0xf];
    zStr += 2;
  }
  *zStr = 0;
}

/*
** Attempt to parse a zero-terminated input string zStr into a binary
** UUID.  Return 0 on success, or non-zero if the input string is not
** parsable.
*/
static int sqlite3UuidStrToBlob(
  const unsigned char *zStr,   /* Input string */
  unsigned char *aBlob         /* Write results here */
){
  int i;
  if( zStr[0]=='{' ) zStr++;
  for(i=0; i<16; i++){
    if( zStr[0]=='-' ) zStr++;
    if( isxdigit(zStr[0]) && isxdigit(zStr[1]) ){
      aBlob[i] = (sqlite3UuidHexToInt(zStr[0])<<4)
                      + sqlite3UuidHexToInt(zStr[1]);
      zStr += 2;
    }else{
      return 1;
    }
  }
  if( zStr[0]=='}' ) zStr++;
  return zStr[0]!=0;
}

/*
** Render sqlite3_value pIn as a 16-byte UUID blob.  Return a pointer
** to the blob, or NULL if the input is not well-formed.
*/
static const unsigned char *sqlite3UuidInputToBlob(
  sqlite3_value *pIn,     /* Input text */
  unsigned char *pBuf     /* output buffer */
){
  switch( sqlite3_value_type(pIn) ){
    case SQLITE_TEXT: {
      const unsigned char *z = sqlite3_value_text(pIn);
      if( sqlite3UuidStrToBlob(z, pBuf) ) return 0;
      return pBuf;
    }
    case SQLITE_BLOB: {
      int n = sqlite3_value_bytes(pIn);
      return n==16 ? sqlite3_value_blob(pIn) : 0;
    }
    default: {
      return 0;
    }
  }
}

/* Implementation of uuid() */
static void sqlite3UuidFunc(
  sqlite3_context *context,
  int argc,
  sqlite3_value **argv
){
  unsigned char aBlob[16];
  unsigned char zStr[37];
  (void)argc;
  (void)argv;
  sqlite3_randomness(16, aBlob);
  aBlob[6] = (aBlob[6]&0x0f) + 0x40;
  aBlob[8] = (aBlob[8]&0x3f) + 0x80;
  sqlite3UuidBlobToStr(aBlob, zStr);
  sqlite3_result_text(context, (char*)zStr, 36, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
}

/* Implementation of uuid_str() */
static void sqlite3UuidStrFunc(
  sqlite3_context *context,
  int argc,
  sqlite3_value **argv
){
  unsigned char aBlob[16];
  unsigned char zStr[37];
  const unsigned char *pBlob;
  (void)argc;
  pBlob = sqlite3UuidInputToBlob(argv[0], aBlob);
  if( pBlob==0 ) return;
  sqlite3UuidBlobToStr(pBlob, zStr);
  sqlite3_result_text(context, (char*)zStr, 36, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
}

/* Implementation of uuid_blob() */
static void sqlite3UuidBlobFunc(
  sqlite3_context *context,
  int argc,
  sqlite3_value **argv
){
  unsigned char aBlob[16];
  const unsigned char *pBlob;
  (void)argc;
  pBlob = sqlite3UuidInputToBlob(argv[0], aBlob);
  if( pBlob==0 ) return;
  sqlite3_result_blob(context, pBlob, 16, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
}

#ifdef _WIN32
__declspec(dllexport)
#endif
int sqlite3_uuid_init(
  sqlite3 *db,
  char **pzErrMsg,
  const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi
){
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
  SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(pApi);
  (void)pzErrMsg;  /* Unused parameter */
  rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "uuid", 0, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
                               sqlite3UuidFunc, 0, 0);
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "uuid_str", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
                                 sqlite3UuidStrFunc, 0, 0);
  }
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "uuid_blob", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
                                 sqlite3UuidBlobFunc, 0, 0);
  }
  return rc;
}

** case.
*/
static int zipfileDeflate(
  const u8 *aIn, int nIn,         /* Input */
  u8 **ppOut, int *pnOut,         /* Output */
  char **pzErr                    /* OUT: Error message */
){

  sqlite3_int64 nAlloc = compressBound(nIn);

  u8 *aOut;
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;







  aOut = (u8*)sqlite3_malloc64(nAlloc);
  if( aOut==0 ){
    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
  }else{
    int res;
    z_stream str;
    memset(&str, 0, sizeof(str));
    str.next_in = (Bytef*)aIn;
    str.avail_in = nIn;
    str.next_out = aOut;
    str.avail_out = nAlloc;

    deflateInit2(&str, 9, Z_DEFLATED, -15, 8, Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY);
    res = deflate(&str, Z_FINISH);

    if( res==Z_STREAM_END ){
      *ppOut = aOut;
      *pnOut = (int)str.total_out;
    }else{
      sqlite3_free(aOut);
      *pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("zipfile: deflate() error");
      rc = SQLITE_ERROR;

** case.
*/
static int zipfileDeflate(
  const u8 *aIn, int nIn,         /* Input */
  u8 **ppOut, int *pnOut,         /* Output */
  char **pzErr                    /* OUT: Error message */
){
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
  sqlite3_int64 nAlloc;
  z_stream str;
  u8 *aOut;


  memset(&str, 0, sizeof(str));
  str.next_in = (Bytef*)aIn;
  str.avail_in = nIn;
  deflateInit2(&str, 9, Z_DEFLATED, -15, 8, Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY);

  nAlloc = deflateBound(&str, nIn);
  aOut = (u8*)sqlite3_malloc64(nAlloc);
  if( aOut==0 ){
    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
  }else{
    int res;




    str.next_out = aOut;
    str.avail_out = nAlloc;

    deflateInit2(&str, 9, Z_DEFLATED, -15, 8, Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY);
    res = deflate(&str, Z_FINISH);

    if( res==Z_STREAM_END ){
      *ppOut = aOut;
      *pnOut = (int)str.total_out;
    }else{
      sqlite3_free(aOut);
      *pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("zipfile: deflate() error");
      rc = SQLITE_ERROR;

queryplantest:	testfixture$(EXE) sqlite3$(EXE)
	./testfixture$(EXE) $(TOP)/test/permutations.test queryplanner $(TESTOPTS)

fuzztest:	fuzzcheck$(EXE) $(FUZZDATA) sessionfuzz$(EXE) $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db
	./fuzzcheck$(EXE) $(FUZZDATA)
	./sessionfuzz run $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db

fastfuzztest:	fuzzcheck$(EXE) $(FUZZDATA) sessionfuzz$(EXE) $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db
	./fuzzcheck$(EXE) --limit-mem 100M $(FUZZDATA)
	./sessionfuzz run $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db

valgrindfuzz:	fuzzcheck$(EXE) $(FUZZDATA) sessionfuzz$(EXE) $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db
	valgrind ./fuzzcheck$(EXE) --cell-size-check --limit-mem 10M --timeout 600 $(FUZZDATA)
	valgrind ./sessionfuzz run $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db

# The veryquick.test TCL tests.
#
tcltest:	./testfixture$(EXE)
................................................................................
# tests.  Designed to run in under 3 minutes on a workstation.
#
quicktest:	./testfixture$(EXE)
	./testfixture$(EXE) $(TOP)/test/extraquick.test $(TESTOPTS)

# The default test case.  Runs most of the faster standard TCL tests,
# and fuzz tests, and sqlite3_analyzer and sqldiff tests.
test:	fastfuzztest sourcetest $(TESTPROGS) tcltest

# Run a test using valgrind.  This can take a really long time
# because valgrind is so much slower than a native machine.
#
valgrindtest:	$(TESTPROGS) valgrindfuzz
	OMIT_MISUSE=1 valgrind -v \
	./testfixture$(EXE) $(TOP)/test/permutations.test valgrind $(TESTOPTS)

queryplantest:	testfixture$(EXE) sqlite3$(EXE)
	./testfixture$(EXE) $(TOP)/test/permutations.test queryplanner $(TESTOPTS)

fuzztest:	fuzzcheck$(EXE) $(FUZZDATA) sessionfuzz$(EXE) $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db
	./fuzzcheck$(EXE) $(FUZZDATA)
	./sessionfuzz run $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db





valgrindfuzz:	fuzzcheck$(EXE) $(FUZZDATA) sessionfuzz$(EXE) $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db
	valgrind ./fuzzcheck$(EXE) --cell-size-check --limit-mem 10M --timeout 600 $(FUZZDATA)
	valgrind ./sessionfuzz run $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db

# The veryquick.test TCL tests.
#
tcltest:	./testfixture$(EXE)
................................................................................
# tests.  Designed to run in under 3 minutes on a workstation.
#
quicktest:	./testfixture$(EXE)
	./testfixture$(EXE) $(TOP)/test/extraquick.test $(TESTOPTS)

# The default test case.  Runs most of the faster standard TCL tests,
# and fuzz tests, and sqlite3_analyzer and sqldiff tests.
test:	fuzztest sourcetest $(TESTPROGS) tcltest

# Run a test using valgrind.  This can take a really long time
# because valgrind is so much slower than a native machine.
#
valgrindtest:	$(TESTPROGS) valgrindfuzz
	OMIT_MISUSE=1 valgrind -v \
	./testfixture$(EXE) $(TOP)/test/permutations.test valgrind $(TESTOPTS)

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
  /* Invoke the authorization callback. */
  if( sqlite3AuthCheck(pParse, SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE, zDb, pTab->zName, 0) ){
    return;
  }
#endif

  /* If the default value for the new column was specified with a 
  ** literal NULL, then set pDflt to 0. This simplifies checking
  ** for an SQL NULL default below.
  */
  assert( pDflt==0 || pDflt->op==TK_SPAN );
  if( pDflt && pDflt->pLeft->op==TK_NULL ){
    pDflt = 0;
  }

  /* Check that the new column is not specified as PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE.
  ** If there is a NOT NULL constraint, then the default value for the
  ** column must not be NULL.
  */
  if( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_PRIMKEY ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "Cannot add a PRIMARY KEY column");
    return;
  }
  if( pNew->pIndex ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "Cannot add a UNIQUE column");
    return;
  }









  if( (db->flags&SQLITE_ForeignKeys) && pNew->pFKey && pDflt ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
        "Cannot add a REFERENCES column with non-NULL default value");
    return;
  }
  if( pCol->notNull && !pDflt ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
        "Cannot add a NOT NULL column with default value NULL");
    return;
  }

  /* Ensure the default expression is something that sqlite3ValueFromExpr()
  ** can handle (i.e. not CURRENT_TIME etc.)
  */
  if( pDflt ){
    sqlite3_value *pVal = 0;
    int rc;
    rc = sqlite3ValueFromExpr(db, pDflt, SQLITE_UTF8, SQLITE_AFF_BLOB, &pVal);
    assert( rc==SQLITE_OK || rc==SQLITE_NOMEM );
    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
      assert( db->mallocFailed == 1 );
      return;
    }
    if( !pVal ){
      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "Cannot add a column with non-constant default");
      return;
    }
    sqlite3ValueFree(pVal);
  }






  /* Modify the CREATE TABLE statement. */
  zCol = sqlite3DbStrNDup(db, (char*)pColDef->z, pColDef->n);
  if( zCol ){
    char *zEnd = &zCol[pColDef->n-1];
    u32 savedDbFlags = db->mDbFlags;
    while( zEnd>zCol && (*zEnd==';' || sqlite3Isspace(*zEnd)) ){
................................................................................
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "Cannot add a column to a view");
    goto exit_begin_add_column;
  }
  if( SQLITE_OK!=isAlterableTable(pParse, pTab) ){
    goto exit_begin_add_column;
  }


  assert( pTab->addColOffset>0 );
  iDb = sqlite3SchemaToIndex(db, pTab->pSchema);

  /* Put a copy of the Table struct in Parse.pNewTable for the
  ** sqlite3AddColumn() function and friends to modify.  But modify
  ** the name by adding an "sqlite_altertab_" prefix.  By adding this
  ** prefix, we insure that the name will not collide with an existing
................................................................................
        for(pIdx=sParse.pNewTable->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext){
          sqlite3WalkExprList(&sWalker, pIdx->aColExpr);
        }
        for(pIdx=sParse.pNewIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext){
          sqlite3WalkExprList(&sWalker, pIdx->aColExpr);
        }
      }






      for(pFKey=sParse.pNewTable->pFKey; pFKey; pFKey=pFKey->pNextFrom){
        for(i=0; i<pFKey->nCol; i++){
          if( bFKOnly==0 && pFKey->aCol[i].iFrom==iCol ){
            renameTokenFind(&sParse, &sCtx, (void*)&pFKey->aCol[i]);
          }
          if( 0==sqlite3_stricmp(pFKey->zTo, zTable)

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
  /* Invoke the authorization callback. */
  if( sqlite3AuthCheck(pParse, SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE, zDb, pTab->zName, 0) ){
    return;
  }
#endif










  /* Check that the new column is not specified as PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE.
  ** If there is a NOT NULL constraint, then the default value for the
  ** column must not be NULL.
  */
  if( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_PRIMKEY ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "Cannot add a PRIMARY KEY column");
    return;
  }
  if( pNew->pIndex ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "Cannot add a UNIQUE column");
    return;
  }
  if( (pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_GENERATED)==0 ){
    /* If the default value for the new column was specified with a 
    ** literal NULL, then set pDflt to 0. This simplifies checking
    ** for an SQL NULL default below.
    */
    assert( pDflt==0 || pDflt->op==TK_SPAN );
    if( pDflt && pDflt->pLeft->op==TK_NULL ){
      pDflt = 0;
    }
    if( (db->flags&SQLITE_ForeignKeys) && pNew->pFKey && pDflt ){
      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
          "Cannot add a REFERENCES column with non-NULL default value");
      return;
    }
    if( pCol->notNull && !pDflt ){
      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
          "Cannot add a NOT NULL column with default value NULL");
      return;
    }

    /* Ensure the default expression is something that sqlite3ValueFromExpr()
    ** can handle (i.e. not CURRENT_TIME etc.)
    */
    if( pDflt ){
      sqlite3_value *pVal = 0;
      int rc;
      rc = sqlite3ValueFromExpr(db, pDflt, SQLITE_UTF8, SQLITE_AFF_BLOB, &pVal);
      assert( rc==SQLITE_OK || rc==SQLITE_NOMEM );
      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        assert( db->mallocFailed == 1 );
        return;
      }
      if( !pVal ){
        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,"Cannot add a column with non-constant default");
        return;
      }
      sqlite3ValueFree(pVal);
    }
  }else if( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_STORED ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "cannot add a STORED column");
    return;
  }


  /* Modify the CREATE TABLE statement. */
  zCol = sqlite3DbStrNDup(db, (char*)pColDef->z, pColDef->n);
  if( zCol ){
    char *zEnd = &zCol[pColDef->n-1];
    u32 savedDbFlags = db->mDbFlags;
    while( zEnd>zCol && (*zEnd==';' || sqlite3Isspace(*zEnd)) ){
................................................................................
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "Cannot add a column to a view");
    goto exit_begin_add_column;
  }
  if( SQLITE_OK!=isAlterableTable(pParse, pTab) ){
    goto exit_begin_add_column;
  }

  sqlite3MayAbort(pParse);
  assert( pTab->addColOffset>0 );
  iDb = sqlite3SchemaToIndex(db, pTab->pSchema);

  /* Put a copy of the Table struct in Parse.pNewTable for the
  ** sqlite3AddColumn() function and friends to modify.  But modify
  ** the name by adding an "sqlite_altertab_" prefix.  By adding this
  ** prefix, we insure that the name will not collide with an existing
................................................................................
        for(pIdx=sParse.pNewTable->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext){
          sqlite3WalkExprList(&sWalker, pIdx->aColExpr);
        }
        for(pIdx=sParse.pNewIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext){
          sqlite3WalkExprList(&sWalker, pIdx->aColExpr);
        }
      }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
      for(i=0; i<sParse.pNewTable->nCol; i++){
        sqlite3WalkExpr(&sWalker, sParse.pNewTable->aCol[i].pDflt);
      }
#endif

      for(pFKey=sParse.pNewTable->pFKey; pFKey; pFKey=pFKey->pNextFrom){
        for(i=0; i<pFKey->nCol; i++){
          if( bFKOnly==0 && pFKey->aCol[i].iFrom==iCol ){
            renameTokenFind(&sParse, &sCtx, (void*)&pFKey->aCol[i]);
          }
          if( 0==sqlite3_stricmp(pFKey->zTo, zTable)

  statGet,         /* xSFunc */
  0,               /* xFinalize */
  0, 0,            /* xValue, xInverse */
  "stat_get",      /* zName */
  {0}
};

static void callStatGet(Vdbe *v, int regStat4, int iParam, int regOut){
  assert( regOut!=regStat4 && regOut!=regStat4+1 );
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, iParam, regStat4+1);
#elif SQLITE_DEBUG
  assert( iParam==STAT_GET_STAT1 );
#else
  UNUSED_PARAMETER( iParam );
#endif
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_Function0, 0, regStat4, regOut,
                    (char*)&statGetFuncdef, P4_FUNCDEF);
  sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, 1 + IsStat4);
}

/*
** Generate code to do an analysis of all indices associated with
** a single table.
*/
static void analyzeOneTable(
................................................................................
    ** The third argument is only used for STAT4
    */
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Count, iIdxCur, regStat4+3);
#endif
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, nCol, regStat4+1);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, pIdx->nKeyCol, regStat4+2);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_Function0, 0, regStat4+1, regStat4,
                     (char*)&statInitFuncdef, P4_FUNCDEF);
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, 2+IsStat4);

    /* Implementation of the following:
    **
    **   Rewind csr
    **   if eof(csr) goto end_of_scan;
    **   regChng = 0
    **   goto next_push_0;
................................................................................
    if( HasRowid(pTab) ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IdxRowid, iIdxCur, regRowid);
    }else{
      Index *pPk = sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(pIdx->pTable);
      int j, k, regKey;
      regKey = sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, pPk->nKeyCol);
      for(j=0; j<pPk->nKeyCol; j++){
        k = sqlite3ColumnOfIndex(pIdx, pPk->aiColumn[j]);
        assert( k>=0 && k<pIdx->nColumn );
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, iIdxCur, k, regKey+j);
        VdbeComment((v, "%s", pTab->aCol[pPk->aiColumn[j]].zName));
      }
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, regKey, pPk->nKeyCol, regRowid);
      sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(pParse, regKey, pPk->nKeyCol);
    }
#endif
    assert( regChng==(regStat4+1) );
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_Function0, 1, regStat4, regTemp,
                     (char*)&statPushFuncdef, P4_FUNCDEF);
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, 2+IsStat4);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, iIdxCur, addrNextRow); VdbeCoverage(v);

    /* Add the entry to the stat1 table. */
    callStatGet(v, regStat4, STAT_GET_STAT1, regStat1);
    assert( "BBB"[0]==SQLITE_AFF_TEXT );
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_MakeRecord, regTabname, 3, regTemp, "BBB", 0);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_NewRowid, iStatCur, regNewRowid);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Insert, iStatCur, regTemp, regNewRowid);
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP4(v, -1, (char*)pStat1, P4_TABLE);
#endif
................................................................................
      int addrNext;
      int addrIsNull;
      u8 seekOp = HasRowid(pTab) ? OP_NotExists : OP_NotFound;

      pParse->nMem = MAX(pParse->nMem, regCol+nCol);

      addrNext = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
      callStatGet(v, regStat4, STAT_GET_ROWID, regSampleRowid);
      addrIsNull = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_IsNull, regSampleRowid);
      VdbeCoverage(v);
      callStatGet(v, regStat4, STAT_GET_NEQ, regEq);
      callStatGet(v, regStat4, STAT_GET_NLT, regLt);
      callStatGet(v, regStat4, STAT_GET_NDLT, regDLt);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, seekOp, iTabCur, addrNext, regSampleRowid, 0);
      VdbeCoverage(v);
      for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
        sqlite3ExprCodeLoadIndexColumn(pParse, pIdx, iTabCur, i, regCol+i);
      }
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, regCol, nCol, regSample);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, regTabname, 6, regTemp);
................................................................................
    Index *pIdx = sqliteHashData(i);
    if( !pIdx->hasStat1 ) sqlite3DefaultRowEst(pIdx);
  }

  /* Load the statistics from the sqlite_stat4 table. */
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    db->lookaside.bDisable++;
    rc = loadStat4(db, sInfo.zDatabase);
    db->lookaside.bDisable--;
  }
  for(i=sqliteHashFirst(&pSchema->idxHash); i; i=sqliteHashNext(i)){
    Index *pIdx = sqliteHashData(i);
    sqlite3_free(pIdx->aiRowEst);
    pIdx->aiRowEst = 0;
  }
#endif

  statGet,         /* xSFunc */
  0,               /* xFinalize */
  0, 0,            /* xValue, xInverse */
  "stat_get",      /* zName */
  {0}
};

static void callStatGet(Parse *pParse, int regStat4, int iParam, int regOut){

#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(pParse->pVdbe, OP_Integer, iParam, regStat4+1);
#elif SQLITE_DEBUG
  assert( iParam==STAT_GET_STAT1 );
#else
  UNUSED_PARAMETER( iParam );
#endif
  assert( regOut!=regStat4 && regOut!=regStat4+1 );
  sqlite3VdbeAddFunctionCall(pParse, 0, regStat4, regOut, 1+IsStat4,
                             &statGetFuncdef, 0);
}

/*
** Generate code to do an analysis of all indices associated with
** a single table.
*/
static void analyzeOneTable(
................................................................................
    ** The third argument is only used for STAT4
    */
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Count, iIdxCur, regStat4+3);
#endif
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, nCol, regStat4+1);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, pIdx->nKeyCol, regStat4+2);
    sqlite3VdbeAddFunctionCall(pParse, 0, regStat4+1, regStat4, 2+IsStat4,
                               &statInitFuncdef, 0);


    /* Implementation of the following:
    **
    **   Rewind csr
    **   if eof(csr) goto end_of_scan;
    **   regChng = 0
    **   goto next_push_0;
................................................................................
    if( HasRowid(pTab) ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IdxRowid, iIdxCur, regRowid);
    }else{
      Index *pPk = sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(pIdx->pTable);
      int j, k, regKey;
      regKey = sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, pPk->nKeyCol);
      for(j=0; j<pPk->nKeyCol; j++){
        k = sqlite3TableColumnToIndex(pIdx, pPk->aiColumn[j]);
        assert( k>=0 && k<pIdx->nColumn );
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, iIdxCur, k, regKey+j);
        VdbeComment((v, "%s", pTab->aCol[pPk->aiColumn[j]].zName));
      }
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, regKey, pPk->nKeyCol, regRowid);
      sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(pParse, regKey, pPk->nKeyCol);
    }
#endif
    assert( regChng==(regStat4+1) );
    sqlite3VdbeAddFunctionCall(pParse, 1, regStat4, regTemp, 2+IsStat4,
                               &statPushFuncdef, 0);

    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, iIdxCur, addrNextRow); VdbeCoverage(v);

    /* Add the entry to the stat1 table. */
    callStatGet(pParse, regStat4, STAT_GET_STAT1, regStat1);
    assert( "BBB"[0]==SQLITE_AFF_TEXT );
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_MakeRecord, regTabname, 3, regTemp, "BBB", 0);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_NewRowid, iStatCur, regNewRowid);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Insert, iStatCur, regTemp, regNewRowid);
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP4(v, -1, (char*)pStat1, P4_TABLE);
#endif
................................................................................
      int addrNext;
      int addrIsNull;
      u8 seekOp = HasRowid(pTab) ? OP_NotExists : OP_NotFound;

      pParse->nMem = MAX(pParse->nMem, regCol+nCol);

      addrNext = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
      callStatGet(pParse, regStat4, STAT_GET_ROWID, regSampleRowid);
      addrIsNull = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_IsNull, regSampleRowid);
      VdbeCoverage(v);
      callStatGet(pParse, regStat4, STAT_GET_NEQ, regEq);
      callStatGet(pParse, regStat4, STAT_GET_NLT, regLt);
      callStatGet(pParse, regStat4, STAT_GET_NDLT, regDLt);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, seekOp, iTabCur, addrNext, regSampleRowid, 0);
      VdbeCoverage(v);
      for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
        sqlite3ExprCodeLoadIndexColumn(pParse, pIdx, iTabCur, i, regCol+i);
      }
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, regCol, nCol, regSample);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, regTabname, 6, regTemp);
................................................................................
    Index *pIdx = sqliteHashData(i);
    if( !pIdx->hasStat1 ) sqlite3DefaultRowEst(pIdx);
  }

  /* Load the statistics from the sqlite_stat4 table. */
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    DisableLookaside;
    rc = loadStat4(db, sInfo.zDatabase);
    EnableLookaside;
  }
  for(i=sqliteHashFirst(&pSchema->idxHash); i; i=sqliteHashNext(i)){
    Index *pIdx = sqliteHashData(i);
    sqlite3_free(pIdx->aiRowEst);
    pIdx->aiRowEst = 0;
  }
#endif

  int NotUsed,
  sqlite3_value **argv
){
  const char *zName = (const char *)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
  sqlite3 *db = sqlite3_context_db_handle(context);
  int i;
  Db *pDb = 0;

  char zErr[128];

  UNUSED_PARAMETER(NotUsed);

  if( zName==0 ) zName = "";
  for(i=0; i<db->nDb; i++){
    pDb = &db->aDb[i];
................................................................................
    sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zErr),zErr, "cannot detach database %s", zName);
    goto detach_error;
  }
  if( sqlite3BtreeIsInReadTrans(pDb->pBt) || sqlite3BtreeIsInBackup(pDb->pBt) ){
    sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zErr),zErr, "database %s is locked", zName);
    goto detach_error;
  }













  sqlite3BtreeClose(pDb->pBt);
  pDb->pBt = 0;
  pDb->pSchema = 0;
  sqlite3CollapseDatabaseArray(db);
  return;

................................................................................
  regArgs = sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, 4);
  sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pFilename, regArgs);
  sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pDbname, regArgs+1);
  sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pKey, regArgs+2);

  assert( v || db->mallocFailed );
  if( v ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_Function0, 0, regArgs+3-pFunc->nArg, regArgs+3,
                      (char *)pFunc, P4_FUNCDEF);
    assert( pFunc->nArg==-1 || (pFunc->nArg&0xff)==pFunc->nArg );
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, (u8)(pFunc->nArg));
 
    /* Code an OP_Expire. For an ATTACH statement, set P1 to true (expire this
    ** statement only). For DETACH, set it to false (expire all existing
    ** statements).
    */
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Expire, (type==SQLITE_ATTACH));
  }
  

  int NotUsed,
  sqlite3_value **argv
){
  const char *zName = (const char *)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
  sqlite3 *db = sqlite3_context_db_handle(context);
  int i;
  Db *pDb = 0;
  HashElem *pEntry;
  char zErr[128];

  UNUSED_PARAMETER(NotUsed);

  if( zName==0 ) zName = "";
  for(i=0; i<db->nDb; i++){
    pDb = &db->aDb[i];
................................................................................
    sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zErr),zErr, "cannot detach database %s", zName);
    goto detach_error;
  }
  if( sqlite3BtreeIsInReadTrans(pDb->pBt) || sqlite3BtreeIsInBackup(pDb->pBt) ){
    sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zErr),zErr, "database %s is locked", zName);
    goto detach_error;
  }

  /* If any TEMP triggers reference the schema being detached, move those
  ** triggers to reference the TEMP schema itself. */
  assert( db->aDb[1].pSchema );
  pEntry = sqliteHashFirst(&db->aDb[1].pSchema->trigHash);
  while( pEntry ){
    Trigger *pTrig = (Trigger*)sqliteHashData(pEntry);
    if( pTrig->pTabSchema==pDb->pSchema ){
      pTrig->pTabSchema = pTrig->pSchema;
    }
    pEntry = sqliteHashNext(pEntry);
  }

  sqlite3BtreeClose(pDb->pBt);
  pDb->pBt = 0;
  pDb->pSchema = 0;
  sqlite3CollapseDatabaseArray(db);
  return;

................................................................................
  regArgs = sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, 4);
  sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pFilename, regArgs);
  sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pDbname, regArgs+1);
  sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pKey, regArgs+2);

  assert( v || db->mallocFailed );
  if( v ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddFunctionCall(pParse, 0, regArgs+3-pFunc->nArg, regArgs+3,
                               pFunc->nArg, pFunc, 0);



    /* Code an OP_Expire. For an ATTACH statement, set P1 to true (expire this
    ** statement only). For DETACH, set it to false (expire all existing
    ** statements).
    */
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Expire, (type==SQLITE_ATTACH));
  }
  

  assert( pBt->pPage1 && pBt->pPage1->aData );
  assert( wrFlag==0 || (pBt->btsFlags & BTS_READ_ONLY)==0 );

  if( wrFlag ){
    allocateTempSpace(pBt);
    if( pBt->pTmpSpace==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
  }



  if( iTable==1 && btreePagecount(pBt)==0 ){
    assert( wrFlag==0 );
    iTable = 0;

  }

  /* Now that no other errors can occur, finish filling in the BtCursor
  ** variables and link the cursor into the BtShared list.  */
  pCur->pgnoRoot = (Pgno)iTable;
  pCur->iPage = -1;
  pCur->pKeyInfo = pKeyInfo;
................................................................................
      pCur->curFlags |= BTCF_Multiple;
    }
  }
  pCur->pNext = pBt->pCursor;
  pBt->pCursor = pCur;
  pCur->eState = CURSOR_INVALID;
  return SQLITE_OK;













}
int sqlite3BtreeCursor(
  Btree *p,                                   /* The btree */
  int iTable,                                 /* Root page of table to open */
  int wrFlag,                                 /* 1 to write. 0 read-only */
  struct KeyInfo *pKeyInfo,                   /* First arg to xCompare() */
  BtCursor *pCur                              /* Write new cursor here */
){
  int rc;
  if( iTable<1 ){
    rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
  }else{
    sqlite3BtreeEnter(p);
    rc = btreeCursor(p, iTable, wrFlag, pKeyInfo, pCur);
    sqlite3BtreeLeave(p);
  }
  return rc;
}

/*
** Return the size of a BtCursor object in bytes.
**
** This interfaces is needed so that users of cursors can preallocate
** sufficient storage to hold a cursor.  The BtCursor object is opaque
................................................................................
  assert( CORRUPT_DB || pPg->hdrOffset==0 );    /* Never called on page 1 */
  if( iEnd<=iFirst ) return 0;
  for(k=0; pCArray->ixNx[k]<=i && ALWAYS(k<NB*2); k++){}
  pEnd = pCArray->apEnd[k];
  while( 1 /*Exit by break*/ ){
    int sz, rc;
    u8 *pSlot;
    sz = cachedCellSize(pCArray, i);

    if( (aData[1]==0 && aData[2]==0) || (pSlot = pageFindSlot(pPg,sz,&rc))==0 ){
      if( (pData - pBegin)<sz ) return 1;
      pData -= sz;
      pSlot = pData;
    }
    /* pSlot and pCArray->apCell[i] will never overlap on a well-formed
    ** database.  But they might for a corrupt database.  Hence use memmove()
................................................................................
    int iCell = (iOld + pPg->aiOvfl[i]) - iNew;
    if( iCell>=0 && iCell<nNew ){
      pCellptr = &pPg->aCellIdx[iCell * 2];
      if( nCell>iCell ){
        memmove(&pCellptr[2], pCellptr, (nCell - iCell) * 2);
      }
      nCell++;

      if( pageInsertArray(
            pPg, pBegin, &pData, pCellptr,
            iCell+iNew, 1, pCArray
      ) ) goto editpage_fail;
    }
  }

................................................................................
** The first argument, pCur, is a cursor opened on some b-tree. Count the
** number of entries in the b-tree and write the result to *pnEntry.
**
** SQLITE_OK is returned if the operation is successfully executed. 
** Otherwise, if an error is encountered (i.e. an IO error or database
** corruption) an SQLite error code is returned.
*/
int sqlite3BtreeCount(BtCursor *pCur, i64 *pnEntry){
  i64 nEntry = 0;                      /* Value to return in *pnEntry */
  int rc;                              /* Return code */

  rc = moveToRoot(pCur);
  if( rc==SQLITE_EMPTY ){
    *pnEntry = 0;
    return SQLITE_OK;
  }

  /* Unless an error occurs, the following loop runs one iteration for each
  ** page in the B-Tree structure (not including overflow pages). 
  */
  while( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    int iIdx;                          /* Index of child node in parent */
    MemPage *pPage;                    /* Current page of the b-tree */

    /* If this is a leaf page or the tree is not an int-key tree, then 
    ** this page contains countable entries. Increment the entry counter
    ** accordingly.
    */
................................................................................
    checkAppendMsg(pCheck, "invalid page number %d", iPage);
    return 1;
  }
  if( getPageReferenced(pCheck, iPage) ){
    checkAppendMsg(pCheck, "2nd reference to page %d", iPage);
    return 1;
  }

  setPageReferenced(pCheck, iPage);
  return 0;
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
/*
** Check that the entry in the pointer-map for page iChild maps to 
................................................................................
**
** Write the number of error seen in *pnErr.  Except for some memory
** allocation errors,  an error message held in memory obtained from
** malloc is returned if *pnErr is non-zero.  If *pnErr==0 then NULL is
** returned.  If a memory allocation error occurs, NULL is returned.
*/
char *sqlite3BtreeIntegrityCheck(

  Btree *p,     /* The btree to be checked */
  int *aRoot,   /* An array of root pages numbers for individual trees */
  int nRoot,    /* Number of entries in aRoot[] */
  int mxErr,    /* Stop reporting errors after this many */
  int *pnErr    /* Write number of errors seen to this variable */
){
  Pgno i;
................................................................................
  char zErr[100];
  VVA_ONLY( int nRef );

  sqlite3BtreeEnter(p);
  assert( p->inTrans>TRANS_NONE && pBt->inTransaction>TRANS_NONE );
  VVA_ONLY( nRef = sqlite3PagerRefcount(pBt->pPager) );
  assert( nRef>=0 );

  sCheck.pBt = pBt;
  sCheck.pPager = pBt->pPager;
  sCheck.nPage = btreePagecount(sCheck.pBt);
  sCheck.mxErr = mxErr;
  sCheck.nErr = 0;
  sCheck.mallocFailed = 0;
  sCheck.zPfx = 0;

  assert( pBt->pPage1 && pBt->pPage1->aData );
  assert( wrFlag==0 || (pBt->btsFlags & BTS_READ_ONLY)==0 );

  if( wrFlag ){
    allocateTempSpace(pBt);
    if( pBt->pTmpSpace==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
  }
  if( iTable<=1 ){
    if( iTable<1 ){
      return SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
    }else if( btreePagecount(pBt)==0 ){
      assert( wrFlag==0 );
      iTable = 0;
    }
  }

  /* Now that no other errors can occur, finish filling in the BtCursor
  ** variables and link the cursor into the BtShared list.  */
  pCur->pgnoRoot = (Pgno)iTable;
  pCur->iPage = -1;
  pCur->pKeyInfo = pKeyInfo;
................................................................................
      pCur->curFlags |= BTCF_Multiple;
    }
  }
  pCur->pNext = pBt->pCursor;
  pBt->pCursor = pCur;
  pCur->eState = CURSOR_INVALID;
  return SQLITE_OK;
}
static int btreeCursorWithLock(
  Btree *p,                              /* The btree */
  int iTable,                            /* Root page of table to open */
  int wrFlag,                            /* 1 to write. 0 read-only */
  struct KeyInfo *pKeyInfo,              /* First arg to comparison function */
  BtCursor *pCur                         /* Space for new cursor */
){
  int rc;
  sqlite3BtreeEnter(p);
  rc = btreeCursor(p, iTable, wrFlag, pKeyInfo, pCur);
  sqlite3BtreeLeave(p);
  return rc;
}
int sqlite3BtreeCursor(
  Btree *p,                                   /* The btree */
  int iTable,                                 /* Root page of table to open */
  int wrFlag,                                 /* 1 to write. 0 read-only */
  struct KeyInfo *pKeyInfo,                   /* First arg to xCompare() */
  BtCursor *pCur                              /* Write new cursor here */
){
  if( p->sharable ){
    return btreeCursorWithLock(p, iTable, wrFlag, pKeyInfo, pCur);

  }else{

    return btreeCursor(p, iTable, wrFlag, pKeyInfo, pCur);

  }

}

/*
** Return the size of a BtCursor object in bytes.
**
** This interfaces is needed so that users of cursors can preallocate
** sufficient storage to hold a cursor.  The BtCursor object is opaque
................................................................................
  assert( CORRUPT_DB || pPg->hdrOffset==0 );    /* Never called on page 1 */
  if( iEnd<=iFirst ) return 0;
  for(k=0; pCArray->ixNx[k]<=i && ALWAYS(k<NB*2); k++){}
  pEnd = pCArray->apEnd[k];
  while( 1 /*Exit by break*/ ){
    int sz, rc;
    u8 *pSlot;
    assert( pCArray->szCell[i]!=0 );
    sz = pCArray->szCell[i];
    if( (aData[1]==0 && aData[2]==0) || (pSlot = pageFindSlot(pPg,sz,&rc))==0 ){
      if( (pData - pBegin)<sz ) return 1;
      pData -= sz;
      pSlot = pData;
    }
    /* pSlot and pCArray->apCell[i] will never overlap on a well-formed
    ** database.  But they might for a corrupt database.  Hence use memmove()
................................................................................
    int iCell = (iOld + pPg->aiOvfl[i]) - iNew;
    if( iCell>=0 && iCell<nNew ){
      pCellptr = &pPg->aCellIdx[iCell * 2];
      if( nCell>iCell ){
        memmove(&pCellptr[2], pCellptr, (nCell - iCell) * 2);
      }
      nCell++;
      cachedCellSize(pCArray, iCell+iNew);
      if( pageInsertArray(
            pPg, pBegin, &pData, pCellptr,
            iCell+iNew, 1, pCArray
      ) ) goto editpage_fail;
    }
  }

................................................................................
** The first argument, pCur, is a cursor opened on some b-tree. Count the
** number of entries in the b-tree and write the result to *pnEntry.
**
** SQLITE_OK is returned if the operation is successfully executed. 
** Otherwise, if an error is encountered (i.e. an IO error or database
** corruption) an SQLite error code is returned.
*/
int sqlite3BtreeCount(sqlite3 *db, BtCursor *pCur, i64 *pnEntry){
  i64 nEntry = 0;                      /* Value to return in *pnEntry */
  int rc;                              /* Return code */

  rc = moveToRoot(pCur);
  if( rc==SQLITE_EMPTY ){
    *pnEntry = 0;
    return SQLITE_OK;
  }

  /* Unless an error occurs, the following loop runs one iteration for each
  ** page in the B-Tree structure (not including overflow pages). 
  */
  while( rc==SQLITE_OK && !db->u1.isInterrupted ){
    int iIdx;                          /* Index of child node in parent */
    MemPage *pPage;                    /* Current page of the b-tree */

    /* If this is a leaf page or the tree is not an int-key tree, then 
    ** this page contains countable entries. Increment the entry counter
    ** accordingly.
    */
................................................................................
    checkAppendMsg(pCheck, "invalid page number %d", iPage);
    return 1;
  }
  if( getPageReferenced(pCheck, iPage) ){
    checkAppendMsg(pCheck, "2nd reference to page %d", iPage);
    return 1;
  }
  if( pCheck->db->u1.isInterrupted ) return 1;
  setPageReferenced(pCheck, iPage);
  return 0;
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
/*
** Check that the entry in the pointer-map for page iChild maps to 
................................................................................
**
** Write the number of error seen in *pnErr.  Except for some memory
** allocation errors,  an error message held in memory obtained from
** malloc is returned if *pnErr is non-zero.  If *pnErr==0 then NULL is
** returned.  If a memory allocation error occurs, NULL is returned.
*/
char *sqlite3BtreeIntegrityCheck(
  sqlite3 *db,  /* Database connection that is running the check */
  Btree *p,     /* The btree to be checked */
  int *aRoot,   /* An array of root pages numbers for individual trees */
  int nRoot,    /* Number of entries in aRoot[] */
  int mxErr,    /* Stop reporting errors after this many */
  int *pnErr    /* Write number of errors seen to this variable */
){
  Pgno i;
................................................................................
  char zErr[100];
  VVA_ONLY( int nRef );

  sqlite3BtreeEnter(p);
  assert( p->inTrans>TRANS_NONE && pBt->inTransaction>TRANS_NONE );
  VVA_ONLY( nRef = sqlite3PagerRefcount(pBt->pPager) );
  assert( nRef>=0 );
  sCheck.db = db;
  sCheck.pBt = pBt;
  sCheck.pPager = pBt->pPager;
  sCheck.nPage = btreePagecount(sCheck.pBt);
  sCheck.mxErr = mxErr;
  sCheck.nErr = 0;
  sCheck.mallocFailed = 0;
  sCheck.zPfx = 0;

i64 sqlite3BtreeOffset(BtCursor*);
#endif
int sqlite3BtreePayload(BtCursor*, u32 offset, u32 amt, void*);
const void *sqlite3BtreePayloadFetch(BtCursor*, u32 *pAmt);
u32 sqlite3BtreePayloadSize(BtCursor*);
sqlite3_int64 sqlite3BtreeMaxRecordSize(BtCursor*);

char *sqlite3BtreeIntegrityCheck(Btree*, int *aRoot, int nRoot, int, int*);
struct Pager *sqlite3BtreePager(Btree*);
i64 sqlite3BtreeRowCountEst(BtCursor*);

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_INCRBLOB
int sqlite3BtreePayloadChecked(BtCursor*, u32 offset, u32 amt, void*);
int sqlite3BtreePutData(BtCursor*, u32 offset, u32 amt, void*);
void sqlite3BtreeIncrblobCursor(BtCursor *);
................................................................................

#ifndef NDEBUG
int sqlite3BtreeCursorIsValid(BtCursor*);
#endif
int sqlite3BtreeCursorIsValidNN(BtCursor*);

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_BTREECOUNT
int sqlite3BtreeCount(BtCursor *, i64 *);
#endif

#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
int sqlite3BtreeCursorInfo(BtCursor*, int*, int);
void sqlite3BtreeCursorList(Btree*);
#endif

i64 sqlite3BtreeOffset(BtCursor*);
#endif
int sqlite3BtreePayload(BtCursor*, u32 offset, u32 amt, void*);
const void *sqlite3BtreePayloadFetch(BtCursor*, u32 *pAmt);
u32 sqlite3BtreePayloadSize(BtCursor*);
sqlite3_int64 sqlite3BtreeMaxRecordSize(BtCursor*);

char *sqlite3BtreeIntegrityCheck(sqlite3*,Btree*,int*aRoot,int nRoot,int,int*);
struct Pager *sqlite3BtreePager(Btree*);
i64 sqlite3BtreeRowCountEst(BtCursor*);

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_INCRBLOB
int sqlite3BtreePayloadChecked(BtCursor*, u32 offset, u32 amt, void*);
int sqlite3BtreePutData(BtCursor*, u32 offset, u32 amt, void*);
void sqlite3BtreeIncrblobCursor(BtCursor *);
................................................................................

#ifndef NDEBUG
int sqlite3BtreeCursorIsValid(BtCursor*);
#endif
int sqlite3BtreeCursorIsValidNN(BtCursor*);

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_BTREECOUNT
int sqlite3BtreeCount(sqlite3*, BtCursor*, i64*);
#endif

#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
int sqlite3BtreeCursorInfo(BtCursor*, int*, int);
void sqlite3BtreeCursorList(Btree*);
#endif

  int mxErr;        /* Stop accumulating errors when this reaches zero */
  int nErr;         /* Number of messages written to zErrMsg so far */
  int mallocFailed; /* A memory allocation error has occurred */
  const char *zPfx; /* Error message prefix */
  int v1, v2;       /* Values for up to two %d fields in zPfx */
  StrAccum errMsg;  /* Accumulate the error message text here */
  u32 *heap;        /* Min-heap used for analyzing cell coverage */

};

/*
** Routines to read or write a two- and four-byte big-endian integer values.
*/
#define get2byte(x)   ((x)[0]<<8 | (x)[1])
#define put2byte(p,v) ((p)[0] = (u8)((v)>>8), (p)[1] = (u8)(v))

  int mxErr;        /* Stop accumulating errors when this reaches zero */
  int nErr;         /* Number of messages written to zErrMsg so far */
  int mallocFailed; /* A memory allocation error has occurred */
  const char *zPfx; /* Error message prefix */
  int v1, v2;       /* Values for up to two %d fields in zPfx */
  StrAccum errMsg;  /* Accumulate the error message text here */
  u32 *heap;        /* Min-heap used for analyzing cell coverage */
  sqlite3 *db;      /* Database connection running the check */
};

/*
** Routines to read or write a two- and four-byte big-endian integer values.
*/
#define get2byte(x)   ((x)[0]<<8 | (x)[1])
#define put2byte(p,v) ((p)[0] = (u8)((v)>>8), (p)[1] = (u8)(v))

Index *sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(Table *pTab){
  Index *p;
  for(p=pTab->pIndex; p && !IsPrimaryKeyIndex(p); p=p->pNext){}
  return p;
}

/*
** Return the column of index pIdx that corresponds to table
** column iCol.  Return -1 if not found.


*/
i16 sqlite3ColumnOfIndex(Index *pIdx, i16 iCol){
  int i;
  for(i=0; i<pIdx->nColumn; i++){
    if( iCol==pIdx->aiColumn[i] ) return i;
  }
  return -1;
}













































































/*
** Begin constructing a new table representation in memory.  This is
** the first of several action routines that get called in response
** to a CREATE TABLE statement.  In particular, this routine is called
** after seeing tokens "CREATE" and "TABLE" and the table name. The isTemp
** flag is true if the table should be stored in the auxiliary database
................................................................................
    memcpy(zType, pType->z, pType->n);
    zType[pType->n] = 0;
    sqlite3Dequote(zType);
    pCol->affinity = sqlite3AffinityType(zType, pCol);
    pCol->colFlags |= COLFLAG_HASTYPE;
  }
  p->nCol++;

  pParse->constraintName.n = 0;
}

/*
** This routine is called by the parser while in the middle of
** parsing a CREATE TABLE statement.  A "NOT NULL" constraint has
** been seen on a column.  This routine sets the notNull flag on
................................................................................
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
  p = pParse->pNewTable;
  if( p!=0 ){
    pCol = &(p->aCol[p->nCol-1]);
    if( !sqlite3ExprIsConstantOrFunction(pExpr, db->init.busy) ){
      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "default value of column [%s] is not constant",
          pCol->zName);






    }else{
      /* A copy of pExpr is used instead of the original, as pExpr contains
      ** tokens that point to volatile memory.
      */
      Expr x;
      sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pCol->pDflt);
      memset(&x, 0, sizeof(x));
................................................................................
static void sqlite3StringToId(Expr *p){
  if( p->op==TK_STRING ){
    p->op = TK_ID;
  }else if( p->op==TK_COLLATE && p->pLeft->op==TK_STRING ){
    p->pLeft->op = TK_ID;
  }
}
















/*
** Designate the PRIMARY KEY for the table.  pList is a list of names 
** of columns that form the primary key.  If pList is NULL, then the
** most recently added column of the table is the primary key.
**
** A table can have at most one primary key.  If the table already has
................................................................................
      "table \"%s\" has more than one primary key", pTab->zName);
    goto primary_key_exit;
  }
  pTab->tabFlags |= TF_HasPrimaryKey;
  if( pList==0 ){
    iCol = pTab->nCol - 1;
    pCol = &pTab->aCol[iCol];
    pCol->colFlags |= COLFLAG_PRIMKEY;
    nTerm = 1;
  }else{
    nTerm = pList->nExpr;
    for(i=0; i<nTerm; i++){
      Expr *pCExpr = sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(pList->a[i].pExpr);
      assert( pCExpr!=0 );
      sqlite3StringToId(pCExpr);
      if( pCExpr->op==TK_ID ){
        const char *zCName = pCExpr->u.zToken;
        for(iCol=0; iCol<pTab->nCol; iCol++){
          if( sqlite3StrICmp(zCName, pTab->aCol[iCol].zName)==0 ){
            pCol = &pTab->aCol[iCol];
            pCol->colFlags |= COLFLAG_PRIMKEY;
            break;
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
  if( nTerm==1
................................................................................
      Expr *pCExpr = sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(pList->a[0].pExpr);
      sqlite3RenameTokenRemap(pParse, &pTab->iPKey, pCExpr);
    }
    pTab->iPKey = iCol;
    pTab->keyConf = (u8)onError;
    assert( autoInc==0 || autoInc==1 );
    pTab->tabFlags |= autoInc*TF_Autoincrement;
    if( pList ) pParse->iPkSortOrder = pList->a[0].sortOrder;
  }else if( autoInc ){
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINCREMENT
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "AUTOINCREMENT is only allowed on an "
       "INTEGER PRIMARY KEY");
#endif
  }else{
    sqlite3CreateIndex(pParse, 0, 0, 0, pList, onError, 0,
................................................................................
      }
    }
  }else{
    sqlite3DbFree(db, zColl);
  }
}

/*
** This function returns the collation sequence for database native text
** encoding identified by the string zName, length nName.
**

** If the requested collation sequence is not available, or not available
** in the database native encoding, the collation factory is invoked to
** request it. If the collation factory does not supply such a sequence,
** and the sequence is available in another text encoding, then that is
** returned instead.
**

** If no versions of the requested collations sequence are available, or
** another error occurs, NULL is returned and an error message written into
** pParse.
**

** This routine is a wrapper around sqlite3FindCollSeq().  This routine
** invokes the collation factory if the named collation cannot be found
** and generates an error message.
**
** See also: sqlite3FindCollSeq(), sqlite3GetCollSeq()
*/

CollSeq *sqlite3LocateCollSeq(Parse *pParse, const char *zName){
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
  u8 enc = ENC(db);
  u8 initbusy = db->init.busy;
  CollSeq *pColl;

  pColl = sqlite3FindCollSeq(db, enc, zName, initbusy);
  if( !initbusy && (!pColl || !pColl->xCmp) ){
    pColl = sqlite3GetCollSeq(pParse, enc, pColl, zName);
  }








  return pColl;



}













/*
** Generate code that will increment the schema cookie.
**
** The schema cookie is used to determine when the schema for the
** database changes.  After each schema change, the cookie value
** changes.  When a process first reads the schema it records the
................................................................................

/* Recompute the colNotIdxed field of the Index.
**
** colNotIdxed is a bitmask that has a 0 bit representing each indexed
** columns that are within the first 63 columns of the table.  The
** high-order bit of colNotIdxed is always 1.  All unindexed columns
** of the table have a 1.








**
** The colNotIdxed mask is AND-ed with the SrcList.a[].colUsed mask
** to determine if the index is covering index.
*/
static void recomputeColumnsNotIndexed(Index *pIdx){
  Bitmask m = 0;
  int j;

  for(j=pIdx->nColumn-1; j>=0; j--){
    int x = pIdx->aiColumn[j];
    if( x>=0 ){

      testcase( x==BMS-1 );
      testcase( x==BMS-2 );
      if( x<BMS-1 ) m |= MASKBIT(x);
    }
  }
  pIdx->colNotIdxed = ~m;
  assert( (pIdx->colNotIdxed>>63)==1 );
................................................................................
  */
  if( !db->init.imposterTable ){
    for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
      if( (pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_PRIMKEY)!=0 ){
        pTab->aCol[i].notNull = OE_Abort;
      }
    }

  }

  /* Convert the P3 operand of the OP_CreateBtree opcode from BTREE_INTKEY
  ** into BTREE_BLOBKEY.
  */
  if( pParse->addrCrTab ){
    assert( v );
................................................................................
    sqlite3TokenInit(&ipkToken, pTab->aCol[pTab->iPKey].zName);
    pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, 0, 
                  sqlite3ExprAlloc(db, TK_ID, &ipkToken, 0));
    if( pList==0 ) return;
    if( IN_RENAME_OBJECT ){
      sqlite3RenameTokenRemap(pParse, pList->a[0].pExpr, &pTab->iPKey);
    }
    pList->a[0].sortOrder = pParse->iPkSortOrder;
    assert( pParse->pNewTable==pTab );
    pTab->iPKey = -1;
    sqlite3CreateIndex(pParse, 0, 0, 0, pList, pTab->keyConf, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                       SQLITE_IDXTYPE_PRIMARYKEY);
    if( db->mallocFailed || pParse->nErr ) return;
    pPk = sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(pTab);
    assert( pPk->nKeyCol==1 );
................................................................................
    assert( pIdx->nColumn>=j );
  }

  /* Add all table columns to the PRIMARY KEY index
  */
  nExtra = 0;
  for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
    if( !hasColumn(pPk->aiColumn, nPk, i) ) nExtra++;

  }
  if( resizeIndexObject(db, pPk, nPk+nExtra) ) return;
  for(i=0, j=nPk; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
    if( !hasColumn(pPk->aiColumn, j, i) ){


      assert( j<pPk->nColumn );
      pPk->aiColumn[j] = i;
      pPk->azColl[j] = sqlite3StrBINARY;
      j++;
    }
  }
  assert( pPk->nColumn==j );
  assert( pTab->nCol<=j );
  recomputeColumnsNotIndexed(pPk);
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
/*
** Return true if zName is a shadow table name in the current database
** connection.
................................................................................
    if( (p->tabFlags & TF_Autoincrement) ){
      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
          "AUTOINCREMENT not allowed on WITHOUT ROWID tables");
      return;
    }
    if( (p->tabFlags & TF_HasPrimaryKey)==0 ){
      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "PRIMARY KEY missing on table %s", p->zName);
    }else{

      p->tabFlags |= TF_WithoutRowid | TF_NoVisibleRowid;
      convertToWithoutRowidTable(pParse, p);
    }
  }

  iDb = sqlite3SchemaToIndex(db, p->pSchema);

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_CHECK
  /* Resolve names in all CHECK constraint expressions.
  */
  if( p->pCheck ){
    sqlite3ResolveSelfReference(pParse, p, NC_IsCheck, 0, p->pCheck);
  }
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_CHECK) */























  /* Estimate the average row size for the table and for all implied indices */
  estimateTableWidth(p);
  for(pIdx=p->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext){
    estimateIndexWidth(pIdx);
  }

................................................................................
      pParse->nTab = 2;
      addrTop = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v) + 1;
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_InitCoroutine, regYield, 0, addrTop);
      if( pParse->nErr ) return;
      pSelTab = sqlite3ResultSetOfSelect(pParse, pSelect, SQLITE_AFF_BLOB);
      if( pSelTab==0 ) return;
      assert( p->aCol==0 );
      p->nCol = pSelTab->nCol;
      p->aCol = pSelTab->aCol;
      pSelTab->nCol = 0;
      pSelTab->aCol = 0;
      sqlite3DeleteTable(db, pSelTab);
      sqlite3SelectDestInit(&dest, SRT_Coroutine, regYield);
      sqlite3Select(pParse, pSelect, &dest);
      if( pParse->nErr ) return;
................................................................................
    }
#endif

    /* Reparse everything to update our internal data structures */
    sqlite3VdbeAddParseSchemaOp(v, iDb,
           sqlite3MPrintf(db, "tbl_name='%q' AND type!='trigger'", p->zName));
  }


  /* Add the table to the in-memory representation of the database.
  */
  if( db->init.busy ){
    Table *pOld;
    Schema *pSchema = p->pSchema;
    assert( sqlite3SchemaMutexHeld(db, iDb, 0) );
................................................................................
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_ALTERTABLE
    u8 eParseMode = pParse->eParseMode;
    pParse->eParseMode = PARSE_MODE_NORMAL;
#endif
    n = pParse->nTab;
    sqlite3SrcListAssignCursors(pParse, pSel->pSrc);
    pTable->nCol = -1;
    db->lookaside.bDisable++;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
    xAuth = db->xAuth;
    db->xAuth = 0;
    pSelTab = sqlite3ResultSetOfSelect(pParse, pSel, SQLITE_AFF_NONE);
    db->xAuth = xAuth;
#else
    pSelTab = sqlite3ResultSetOfSelect(pParse, pSel, SQLITE_AFF_NONE);
................................................................................
      pSelTab->nCol = 0;
      pSelTab->aCol = 0;
      assert( sqlite3SchemaMutexHeld(db, 0, pTable->pSchema) );
    }else{
      pTable->nCol = 0;
      nErr++;
    }

    sqlite3DeleteTable(db, pSelTab);
    sqlite3SelectDelete(db, pSel);
    db->lookaside.bDisable--;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_ALTERTABLE
    pParse->eParseMode = eParseMode;
#endif
  } else {
    nErr++;
  }
  pTable->pSchema->schemaFlags |= DB_UnresetViews;
................................................................................
    }
    if( sqlite3AuthCheck(pParse, SQLITE_DELETE, pTab->zName, 0, zDb) ){
      goto exit_drop_table;
    }
  }
#endif
  if( sqlite3StrNICmp(pTab->zName, "sqlite_", 7)==0 
    && sqlite3StrNICmp(pTab->zName, "sqlite_stat", 11)!=0 ){

    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "table %s may not be dropped", pTab->zName);
    goto exit_drop_table;
  }

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
  /* Ensure DROP TABLE is not used on a view, and DROP VIEW is not used
  ** on a table.
................................................................................
    p->aSortOrder = (u8*)pExtra;
    p->nColumn = nCol;
    p->nKeyCol = nCol - 1;
    *ppExtra = ((char*)p) + nByte;
  }
  return p;
}






















/*
** Create a new index for an SQL table.  pName1.pName2 is the name of the index 
** and pTblList is the name of the table that is to be indexed.  Both will 
** be NULL for a primary key or an index that is created to satisfy a
** UNIQUE constraint.  If pTable and pIndex are NULL, use pParse->pNewTable
** as the table to be indexed.  pParse->pNewTable is a table that is
................................................................................
    goto exit_create_index;
  }
  if( IN_DECLARE_VTAB && idxType!=SQLITE_IDXTYPE_PRIMARYKEY ){
    goto exit_create_index;
  }
  if( SQLITE_OK!=sqlite3ReadSchema(pParse) ){
    goto exit_create_index;



  }

  /*
  ** Find the table that is to be indexed.  Return early if not found.
  */
  if( pTblName!=0 ){

................................................................................
    Column *pCol = &pTab->aCol[pTab->nCol-1];
    pCol->colFlags |= COLFLAG_UNIQUE;
    sqlite3TokenInit(&prevCol, pCol->zName);
    pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, 0,
              sqlite3ExprAlloc(db, TK_ID, &prevCol, 0));
    if( pList==0 ) goto exit_create_index;
    assert( pList->nExpr==1 );
    sqlite3ExprListSetSortOrder(pList, sortOrder);
  }else{
    sqlite3ExprListCheckLength(pParse, pList, "index");
    if( pParse->nErr ) goto exit_create_index;
  }

  /* Figure out how many bytes of space are required to store explicitly
  ** specified collation sequence names.
................................................................................
      pIndex->aiColumn[i] = XN_EXPR;
      pIndex->uniqNotNull = 0;
    }else{
      j = pCExpr->iColumn;
      assert( j<=0x7fff );
      if( j<0 ){
        j = pTab->iPKey;

      }else if( pTab->aCol[j].notNull==0 ){
        pIndex->uniqNotNull = 0;




      }
      pIndex->aiColumn[i] = (i16)j;
    }
    zColl = 0;
    if( pListItem->pExpr->op==TK_COLLATE ){
      int nColl;
      zColl = pListItem->pExpr->u.zToken;
................................................................................
      zColl = pTab->aCol[j].zColl;
    }
    if( !zColl ) zColl = sqlite3StrBINARY;
    if( !db->init.busy && !sqlite3LocateCollSeq(pParse, zColl) ){
      goto exit_create_index;
    }
    pIndex->azColl[i] = zColl;
    requestedSortOrder = pListItem->sortOrder & sortOrderMask;
    pIndex->aSortOrder[i] = (u8)requestedSortOrder;
  }

  /* Append the table key to the end of the index.  For WITHOUT ROWID
  ** tables (when pPk!=0) this will be the declared PRIMARY KEY.  For
  ** normal tables (when pPk==0) this will be the rowid.
  */
................................................................................
  }
  sqlite3DefaultRowEst(pIndex);
  if( pParse->pNewTable==0 ) estimateIndexWidth(pIndex);

  /* If this index contains every column of its table, then mark
  ** it as a covering index */
  assert( HasRowid(pTab) 
      || pTab->iPKey<0 || sqlite3ColumnOfIndex(pIndex, pTab->iPKey)>=0 );
  recomputeColumnsNotIndexed(pIndex);
  if( pTblName!=0 && pIndex->nColumn>=pTab->nCol ){
    pIndex->isCovering = 1;
    for(j=0; j<pTab->nCol; j++){
      if( j==pTab->iPKey ) continue;
      if( sqlite3ColumnOfIndex(pIndex,j)>=0 ) continue;
      pIndex->isCovering = 0;
      break;
    }
  }

  if( pTab==pParse->pNewTable ){
    /* This routine has been called to create an automatic index as a
................................................................................
  }
  if( pKey ){
    assert( sqlite3KeyInfoIsWriteable(pKey) );
    for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
      const char *zColl = pIdx->azColl[i];
      pKey->aColl[i] = zColl==sqlite3StrBINARY ? 0 :
                        sqlite3LocateCollSeq(pParse, zColl);
      pKey->aSortOrder[i] = pIdx->aSortOrder[i];

    }
    if( pParse->nErr ){
      assert( pParse->rc==SQLITE_ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ );
      if( pIdx->bNoQuery==0 ){
        /* Deactivate the index because it contains an unknown collating
        ** sequence.  The only way to reactive the index is to reload the
        ** schema.  Adding the missing collating sequence later does not

Index *sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(Table *pTab){
  Index *p;
  for(p=pTab->pIndex; p && !IsPrimaryKeyIndex(p); p=p->pNext){}
  return p;
}

/*
** Convert an table column number into a index column number.  That is,
** for the column iCol in the table (as defined by the CREATE TABLE statement)
** find the (first) offset of that column in index pIdx.  Or return -1
** if column iCol is not used in index pIdx.
*/
i16 sqlite3TableColumnToIndex(Index *pIdx, i16 iCol){
  int i;
  for(i=0; i<pIdx->nColumn; i++){
    if( iCol==pIdx->aiColumn[i] ) return i;
  }
  return -1;
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
/* Convert a storage column number into a table column number.
**
** The storage column number (0,1,2,....) is the index of the value
** as it appears in the record on disk.  The true column number
** is the index (0,1,2,...) of the column in the CREATE TABLE statement.
**
** The storage column number is less than the table column number if
** and only there are VIRTUAL columns to the left.
**
** If SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS, this routine is a no-op macro.
*/
i16 sqlite3StorageColumnToTable(Table *pTab, i16 iCol){
  if( pTab->tabFlags & TF_HasVirtual ){
    int i;
    for(i=0; i<=iCol; i++){
      if( pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL ) iCol++;
    }
  }
  return iCol;
}
#endif

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
/* Convert a table column number into a storage column number.
**
** The storage column number (0,1,2,....) is the index of the value
** as it appears in the record on disk.  Or, if the input column is
** the N-th virtual column (zero-based) then the storage number is
** the number of non-virtual columns in the table plus N.  
**
** The true column number is the index (0,1,2,...) of the column in
** the CREATE TABLE statement.
**
** If the input column is a VIRTUAL column, then it should not appear
** in storage.  But the value sometimes is cached in registers that
** follow the range of registers used to construct storage.  This
** avoids computing the same VIRTUAL column multiple times, and provides
** values for use by OP_Param opcodes in triggers.  Hence, if the
** input column is a VIRTUAL table, put it after all the other columns.
**
** In the following, N means "normal column", S means STORED, and
** V means VIRTUAL.  Suppose the CREATE TABLE has columns like this:
**
**        CREATE TABLE ex(N,S,V,N,S,V,N,S,V);
**                     -- 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
**
** Then the mapping from this function is as follows:
**
**    INPUTS:     0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
**    OUTPUTS:    0 1 6 2 3 7 4 5 8
**
** So, in other words, this routine shifts all the virtual columns to
** the end.
**
** If SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS then there are no virtual columns and
** this routine is a no-op macro.
*/
i16 sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(Table *pTab, i16 iCol){
  int i;
  i16 n;
  assert( iCol<pTab->nCol );
  if( (pTab->tabFlags & TF_HasVirtual)==0 ) return iCol;
  for(i=0, n=0; i<iCol; i++){
    if( (pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL)==0 ) n++;
  }
  if( pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL ){
    /* iCol is a virtual column itself */
    return pTab->nNVCol + i - n;
  }else{
    /* iCol is a normal or stored column */
    return n;
  }
}
#endif

/*
** Begin constructing a new table representation in memory.  This is
** the first of several action routines that get called in response
** to a CREATE TABLE statement.  In particular, this routine is called
** after seeing tokens "CREATE" and "TABLE" and the table name. The isTemp
** flag is true if the table should be stored in the auxiliary database
................................................................................
    memcpy(zType, pType->z, pType->n);
    zType[pType->n] = 0;
    sqlite3Dequote(zType);
    pCol->affinity = sqlite3AffinityType(zType, pCol);
    pCol->colFlags |= COLFLAG_HASTYPE;
  }
  p->nCol++;
  p->nNVCol++;
  pParse->constraintName.n = 0;
}

/*
** This routine is called by the parser while in the middle of
** parsing a CREATE TABLE statement.  A "NOT NULL" constraint has
** been seen on a column.  This routine sets the notNull flag on
................................................................................
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
  p = pParse->pNewTable;
  if( p!=0 ){
    pCol = &(p->aCol[p->nCol-1]);
    if( !sqlite3ExprIsConstantOrFunction(pExpr, db->init.busy) ){
      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "default value of column [%s] is not constant",
          pCol->zName);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
    }else if( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_GENERATED ){
      testcase( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL );
      testcase( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_STORED );
      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "cannot use DEFAULT on a generated column");
#endif
    }else{
      /* A copy of pExpr is used instead of the original, as pExpr contains
      ** tokens that point to volatile memory.
      */
      Expr x;
      sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pCol->pDflt);
      memset(&x, 0, sizeof(x));
................................................................................
static void sqlite3StringToId(Expr *p){
  if( p->op==TK_STRING ){
    p->op = TK_ID;
  }else if( p->op==TK_COLLATE && p->pLeft->op==TK_STRING ){
    p->pLeft->op = TK_ID;
  }
}

/*
** Tag the given column as being part of the PRIMARY KEY
*/
static void makeColumnPartOfPrimaryKey(Parse *pParse, Column *pCol){
  pCol->colFlags |= COLFLAG_PRIMKEY;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
  if( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_GENERATED ){
    testcase( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL );
    testcase( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_STORED );
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
      "generated columns cannot be part of the PRIMARY KEY");
  }
#endif          
}

/*
** Designate the PRIMARY KEY for the table.  pList is a list of names 
** of columns that form the primary key.  If pList is NULL, then the
** most recently added column of the table is the primary key.
**
** A table can have at most one primary key.  If the table already has
................................................................................
      "table \"%s\" has more than one primary key", pTab->zName);
    goto primary_key_exit;
  }
  pTab->tabFlags |= TF_HasPrimaryKey;
  if( pList==0 ){
    iCol = pTab->nCol - 1;
    pCol = &pTab->aCol[iCol];
    makeColumnPartOfPrimaryKey(pParse, pCol);
    nTerm = 1;
  }else{
    nTerm = pList->nExpr;
    for(i=0; i<nTerm; i++){
      Expr *pCExpr = sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(pList->a[i].pExpr);
      assert( pCExpr!=0 );
      sqlite3StringToId(pCExpr);
      if( pCExpr->op==TK_ID ){
        const char *zCName = pCExpr->u.zToken;
        for(iCol=0; iCol<pTab->nCol; iCol++){
          if( sqlite3StrICmp(zCName, pTab->aCol[iCol].zName)==0 ){
            pCol = &pTab->aCol[iCol];
            makeColumnPartOfPrimaryKey(pParse, pCol);
            break;
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
  if( nTerm==1
................................................................................
      Expr *pCExpr = sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(pList->a[0].pExpr);
      sqlite3RenameTokenRemap(pParse, &pTab->iPKey, pCExpr);
    }
    pTab->iPKey = iCol;
    pTab->keyConf = (u8)onError;
    assert( autoInc==0 || autoInc==1 );
    pTab->tabFlags |= autoInc*TF_Autoincrement;
    if( pList ) pParse->iPkSortOrder = pList->a[0].sortFlags;
  }else if( autoInc ){
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINCREMENT
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "AUTOINCREMENT is only allowed on an "
       "INTEGER PRIMARY KEY");
#endif
  }else{
    sqlite3CreateIndex(pParse, 0, 0, 0, pList, onError, 0,
................................................................................
      }
    }
  }else{
    sqlite3DbFree(db, zColl);
  }
}

/* Change the most recently parsed column to be a GENERATED ALWAYS AS
** column.

*/
void sqlite3AddGenerated(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, Token *pType){
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
  u8 eType = COLFLAG_VIRTUAL;
  Table *pTab = pParse->pNewTable;
  Column *pCol;
  if( NEVER(pTab==0) ) goto generated_done;

  pCol = &(pTab->aCol[pTab->nCol-1]);
  if( IN_DECLARE_VTAB ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "virtual tables cannot use computed columns");
    goto generated_done;

  }
  if( pCol->pDflt ) goto generated_error;
  if( pType ){
    if( pType->n==7 && sqlite3StrNICmp("virtual",pType->z,7)==0 ){
      /* no-op */
    }else if( pType->n==6 && sqlite3StrNICmp("stored",pType->z,6)==0 ){

      eType = COLFLAG_STORED;
    }else{
      goto generated_error;



    }



  }
  if( eType==COLFLAG_VIRTUAL ) pTab->nNVCol--;
  pCol->colFlags |= eType;
  assert( TF_HasVirtual==COLFLAG_VIRTUAL );
  assert( TF_HasStored==COLFLAG_STORED );
  pTab->tabFlags |= eType;
  if( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_PRIMKEY ){
    makeColumnPartOfPrimaryKey(pParse, pCol); /* For the error message */
  }

  pCol->pDflt = pExpr;
  pExpr = 0;
  goto generated_done;

generated_error:
  sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "error in generated column \"%s\"",
                  pCol->zName);
generated_done:
  sqlite3ExprDelete(pParse->db, pExpr);
#else
  /* Throw and error for the GENERATED ALWAYS AS clause if the
  ** SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS compile-time option is used. */
  sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "generated columns not supported");
  sqlite3ExprDelete(pParse->db, pExpr);
#endif
}

/*
** Generate code that will increment the schema cookie.
**
** The schema cookie is used to determine when the schema for the
** database changes.  After each schema change, the cookie value
** changes.  When a process first reads the schema it records the
................................................................................

/* Recompute the colNotIdxed field of the Index.
**
** colNotIdxed is a bitmask that has a 0 bit representing each indexed
** columns that are within the first 63 columns of the table.  The
** high-order bit of colNotIdxed is always 1.  All unindexed columns
** of the table have a 1.
**
** 2019-10-24:  For the purpose of this computation, virtual columns are
** not considered to be covered by the index, even if they are in the
** index, because we do not trust the logic in whereIndexExprTrans() to be
** able to find all instances of a reference to the indexed table column
** and convert them into references to the index.  Hence we always want
** the actual table at hand in order to recompute the virtual column, if
** necessary.
**
** The colNotIdxed mask is AND-ed with the SrcList.a[].colUsed mask
** to determine if the index is covering index.
*/
static void recomputeColumnsNotIndexed(Index *pIdx){
  Bitmask m = 0;
  int j;
  Table *pTab = pIdx->pTable;
  for(j=pIdx->nColumn-1; j>=0; j--){
    int x = pIdx->aiColumn[j];

    if( x>=0 && (pTab->aCol[x].colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL)==0 ){
      testcase( x==BMS-1 );
      testcase( x==BMS-2 );
      if( x<BMS-1 ) m |= MASKBIT(x);
    }
  }
  pIdx->colNotIdxed = ~m;
  assert( (pIdx->colNotIdxed>>63)==1 );
................................................................................
  */
  if( !db->init.imposterTable ){
    for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
      if( (pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_PRIMKEY)!=0 ){
        pTab->aCol[i].notNull = OE_Abort;
      }
    }
    pTab->tabFlags |= TF_HasNotNull;
  }

  /* Convert the P3 operand of the OP_CreateBtree opcode from BTREE_INTKEY
  ** into BTREE_BLOBKEY.
  */
  if( pParse->addrCrTab ){
    assert( v );
................................................................................
    sqlite3TokenInit(&ipkToken, pTab->aCol[pTab->iPKey].zName);
    pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, 0, 
                  sqlite3ExprAlloc(db, TK_ID, &ipkToken, 0));
    if( pList==0 ) return;
    if( IN_RENAME_OBJECT ){
      sqlite3RenameTokenRemap(pParse, pList->a[0].pExpr, &pTab->iPKey);
    }
    pList->a[0].sortFlags = pParse->iPkSortOrder;
    assert( pParse->pNewTable==pTab );
    pTab->iPKey = -1;
    sqlite3CreateIndex(pParse, 0, 0, 0, pList, pTab->keyConf, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                       SQLITE_IDXTYPE_PRIMARYKEY);
    if( db->mallocFailed || pParse->nErr ) return;
    pPk = sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(pTab);
    assert( pPk->nKeyCol==1 );
................................................................................
    assert( pIdx->nColumn>=j );
  }

  /* Add all table columns to the PRIMARY KEY index
  */
  nExtra = 0;
  for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
    if( !hasColumn(pPk->aiColumn, nPk, i)
     && (pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL)==0 ) nExtra++;
  }
  if( resizeIndexObject(db, pPk, nPk+nExtra) ) return;
  for(i=0, j=nPk; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
    if( !hasColumn(pPk->aiColumn, j, i)
     && (pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL)==0
    ){
      assert( j<pPk->nColumn );
      pPk->aiColumn[j] = i;
      pPk->azColl[j] = sqlite3StrBINARY;
      j++;
    }
  }
  assert( pPk->nColumn==j );
  assert( pTab->nNVCol<=j );
  recomputeColumnsNotIndexed(pPk);
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
/*
** Return true if zName is a shadow table name in the current database
** connection.
................................................................................
    if( (p->tabFlags & TF_Autoincrement) ){
      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
          "AUTOINCREMENT not allowed on WITHOUT ROWID tables");
      return;
    }
    if( (p->tabFlags & TF_HasPrimaryKey)==0 ){
      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "PRIMARY KEY missing on table %s", p->zName);
      return;
    }
    p->tabFlags |= TF_WithoutRowid | TF_NoVisibleRowid;
    convertToWithoutRowidTable(pParse, p);
  }


  iDb = sqlite3SchemaToIndex(db, p->pSchema);

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_CHECK
  /* Resolve names in all CHECK constraint expressions.
  */
  if( p->pCheck ){
    sqlite3ResolveSelfReference(pParse, p, NC_IsCheck, 0, p->pCheck);
  }
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_CHECK) */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
  if( p->tabFlags & TF_HasGenerated ){
    int ii, nNG = 0;
    testcase( p->tabFlags & TF_HasVirtual );
    testcase( p->tabFlags & TF_HasStored );
    for(ii=0; ii<p->nCol; ii++){
      u32 colFlags = p->aCol[ii].colFlags;
      if( (colFlags & COLFLAG_GENERATED)!=0 ){
        testcase( colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL );
        testcase( colFlags & COLFLAG_STORED );
        sqlite3ResolveSelfReference(pParse, p, NC_GenCol, 
                                    p->aCol[ii].pDflt, 0);
      }else{
        nNG++;
      }
    }
    if( nNG==0 ){
      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "must have at least one non-generated column");
      return;
    }
  }
#endif

  /* Estimate the average row size for the table and for all implied indices */
  estimateTableWidth(p);
  for(pIdx=p->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext){
    estimateIndexWidth(pIdx);
  }

................................................................................
      pParse->nTab = 2;
      addrTop = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v) + 1;
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_InitCoroutine, regYield, 0, addrTop);
      if( pParse->nErr ) return;
      pSelTab = sqlite3ResultSetOfSelect(pParse, pSelect, SQLITE_AFF_BLOB);
      if( pSelTab==0 ) return;
      assert( p->aCol==0 );
      p->nCol = p->nNVCol = pSelTab->nCol;
      p->aCol = pSelTab->aCol;
      pSelTab->nCol = 0;
      pSelTab->aCol = 0;
      sqlite3DeleteTable(db, pSelTab);
      sqlite3SelectDestInit(&dest, SRT_Coroutine, regYield);
      sqlite3Select(pParse, pSelect, &dest);
      if( pParse->nErr ) return;
................................................................................
    }
#endif

    /* Reparse everything to update our internal data structures */
    sqlite3VdbeAddParseSchemaOp(v, iDb,
           sqlite3MPrintf(db, "tbl_name='%q' AND type!='trigger'", p->zName));
  }


  /* Add the table to the in-memory representation of the database.
  */
  if( db->init.busy ){
    Table *pOld;
    Schema *pSchema = p->pSchema;
    assert( sqlite3SchemaMutexHeld(db, iDb, 0) );
................................................................................
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_ALTERTABLE
    u8 eParseMode = pParse->eParseMode;
    pParse->eParseMode = PARSE_MODE_NORMAL;
#endif
    n = pParse->nTab;
    sqlite3SrcListAssignCursors(pParse, pSel->pSrc);
    pTable->nCol = -1;
    DisableLookaside;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
    xAuth = db->xAuth;
    db->xAuth = 0;
    pSelTab = sqlite3ResultSetOfSelect(pParse, pSel, SQLITE_AFF_NONE);
    db->xAuth = xAuth;
#else
    pSelTab = sqlite3ResultSetOfSelect(pParse, pSel, SQLITE_AFF_NONE);
................................................................................
      pSelTab->nCol = 0;
      pSelTab->aCol = 0;
      assert( sqlite3SchemaMutexHeld(db, 0, pTable->pSchema) );
    }else{
      pTable->nCol = 0;
      nErr++;
    }
    pTable->nNVCol = pTable->nCol;
    sqlite3DeleteTable(db, pSelTab);
    sqlite3SelectDelete(db, pSel);
    EnableLookaside;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_ALTERTABLE
    pParse->eParseMode = eParseMode;
#endif
  } else {
    nErr++;
  }
  pTable->pSchema->schemaFlags |= DB_UnresetViews;
................................................................................
    }
    if( sqlite3AuthCheck(pParse, SQLITE_DELETE, pTab->zName, 0, zDb) ){
      goto exit_drop_table;
    }
  }
#endif
  if( sqlite3StrNICmp(pTab->zName, "sqlite_", 7)==0 
    && sqlite3StrNICmp(pTab->zName+7, "stat", 4)!=0
    && sqlite3StrNICmp(pTab->zName+7, "parameters", 10)!=0 ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "table %s may not be dropped", pTab->zName);
    goto exit_drop_table;
  }

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
  /* Ensure DROP TABLE is not used on a view, and DROP VIEW is not used
  ** on a table.
................................................................................
    p->aSortOrder = (u8*)pExtra;
    p->nColumn = nCol;
    p->nKeyCol = nCol - 1;
    *ppExtra = ((char*)p) + nByte;
  }
  return p;
}

/*
** If expression list pList contains an expression that was parsed with
** an explicit "NULLS FIRST" or "NULLS LAST" clause, leave an error in
** pParse and return non-zero. Otherwise, return zero.
*/
int sqlite3HasExplicitNulls(Parse *pParse, ExprList *pList){
  if( pList ){
    int i;
    for(i=0; i<pList->nExpr; i++){
      if( pList->a[i].bNulls ){
        u8 sf = pList->a[i].sortFlags;
        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "unsupported use of NULLS %s", 
            (sf==0 || sf==3) ? "FIRST" : "LAST"
        );
        return 1;
      }
    }
  }
  return 0;
}

/*
** Create a new index for an SQL table.  pName1.pName2 is the name of the index 
** and pTblList is the name of the table that is to be indexed.  Both will 
** be NULL for a primary key or an index that is created to satisfy a
** UNIQUE constraint.  If pTable and pIndex are NULL, use pParse->pNewTable
** as the table to be indexed.  pParse->pNewTable is a table that is
................................................................................
    goto exit_create_index;
  }
  if( IN_DECLARE_VTAB && idxType!=SQLITE_IDXTYPE_PRIMARYKEY ){
    goto exit_create_index;
  }
  if( SQLITE_OK!=sqlite3ReadSchema(pParse) ){
    goto exit_create_index;
  }
  if( sqlite3HasExplicitNulls(pParse, pList) ){
    goto exit_create_index;
  }

  /*
  ** Find the table that is to be indexed.  Return early if not found.
  */
  if( pTblName!=0 ){

................................................................................
    Column *pCol = &pTab->aCol[pTab->nCol-1];
    pCol->colFlags |= COLFLAG_UNIQUE;
    sqlite3TokenInit(&prevCol, pCol->zName);
    pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, 0,
              sqlite3ExprAlloc(db, TK_ID, &prevCol, 0));
    if( pList==0 ) goto exit_create_index;
    assert( pList->nExpr==1 );
    sqlite3ExprListSetSortOrder(pList, sortOrder, SQLITE_SO_UNDEFINED);
  }else{
    sqlite3ExprListCheckLength(pParse, pList, "index");
    if( pParse->nErr ) goto exit_create_index;
  }

  /* Figure out how many bytes of space are required to store explicitly
  ** specified collation sequence names.
................................................................................
      pIndex->aiColumn[i] = XN_EXPR;
      pIndex->uniqNotNull = 0;
    }else{
      j = pCExpr->iColumn;
      assert( j<=0x7fff );
      if( j<0 ){
        j = pTab->iPKey;
      }else{
        if( pTab->aCol[j].notNull==0 ){
          pIndex->uniqNotNull = 0;
        }
        if( pTab->aCol[j].colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL ){
          pIndex->bHasVCol = 1;
        }
      }
      pIndex->aiColumn[i] = (i16)j;
    }
    zColl = 0;
    if( pListItem->pExpr->op==TK_COLLATE ){
      int nColl;
      zColl = pListItem->pExpr->u.zToken;
................................................................................
      zColl = pTab->aCol[j].zColl;
    }
    if( !zColl ) zColl = sqlite3StrBINARY;
    if( !db->init.busy && !sqlite3LocateCollSeq(pParse, zColl) ){
      goto exit_create_index;
    }
    pIndex->azColl[i] = zColl;
    requestedSortOrder = pListItem->sortFlags & sortOrderMask;
    pIndex->aSortOrder[i] = (u8)requestedSortOrder;
  }

  /* Append the table key to the end of the index.  For WITHOUT ROWID
  ** tables (when pPk!=0) this will be the declared PRIMARY KEY.  For
  ** normal tables (when pPk==0) this will be the rowid.
  */
................................................................................
  }
  sqlite3DefaultRowEst(pIndex);
  if( pParse->pNewTable==0 ) estimateIndexWidth(pIndex);

  /* If this index contains every column of its table, then mark
  ** it as a covering index */
  assert( HasRowid(pTab) 
      || pTab->iPKey<0 || sqlite3TableColumnToIndex(pIndex, pTab->iPKey)>=0 );
  recomputeColumnsNotIndexed(pIndex);
  if( pTblName!=0 && pIndex->nColumn>=pTab->nCol ){
    pIndex->isCovering = 1;
    for(j=0; j<pTab->nCol; j++){
      if( j==pTab->iPKey ) continue;
      if( sqlite3TableColumnToIndex(pIndex,j)>=0 ) continue;
      pIndex->isCovering = 0;
      break;
    }
  }

  if( pTab==pParse->pNewTable ){
    /* This routine has been called to create an automatic index as a
................................................................................
  }
  if( pKey ){
    assert( sqlite3KeyInfoIsWriteable(pKey) );
    for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
      const char *zColl = pIdx->azColl[i];
      pKey->aColl[i] = zColl==sqlite3StrBINARY ? 0 :
                        sqlite3LocateCollSeq(pParse, zColl);
      pKey->aSortFlags[i] = pIdx->aSortOrder[i];
      assert( 0==(pKey->aSortFlags[i] & KEYINFO_ORDER_BIGNULL) );
    }
    if( pParse->nErr ){
      assert( pParse->rc==SQLITE_ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ );
      if( pIdx->bNoQuery==0 ){
        /* Deactivate the index because it contains an unknown collating
        ** sequence.  The only way to reactive the index is to reload the
        ** schema.  Adding the missing collating sequence later does not

      pColl->xDel = 0;         /* Do not copy the destructor */
      return SQLITE_OK;
    }
  }
  return SQLITE_ERROR;
}

/*
** This function is responsible for invoking the collation factory callback
** or substituting a collation sequence of a different encoding when the
** requested collation sequence is not available in the desired encoding.
** 
** If it is not NULL, then pColl must point to the database native encoding 
** collation sequence with name zName, length nName.
**
** The return value is either the collation sequence to be used in database
** db for collation type name zName, length nName, or NULL, if no collation
** sequence can be found.  If no collation is found, leave an error message.
**
** See also: sqlite3LocateCollSeq(), sqlite3FindCollSeq()
*/
CollSeq *sqlite3GetCollSeq(
  Parse *pParse,        /* Parsing context */
  u8 enc,               /* The desired encoding for the collating sequence */
  CollSeq *pColl,       /* Collating sequence with native encoding, or NULL */
  const char *zName     /* Collating sequence name */
){
  CollSeq *p;
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;

  p = pColl;
  if( !p ){
    p = sqlite3FindCollSeq(db, enc, zName, 0);
  }
  if( !p || !p->xCmp ){
    /* No collation sequence of this type for this encoding is registered.
    ** Call the collation factory to see if it can supply us with one.
    */
    callCollNeeded(db, enc, zName);
    p = sqlite3FindCollSeq(db, enc, zName, 0);
  }
  if( p && !p->xCmp && synthCollSeq(db, p) ){
    p = 0;
  }
  assert( !p || p->xCmp );
  if( p==0 ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "no such collation sequence: %s", zName);
    pParse->rc = SQLITE_ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ;
  }
  return p;
}

/*
** This routine is called on a collation sequence before it is used to
** check that it is defined. An undefined collation sequence exists when
** a database is loaded that contains references to collation sequences
** that have not been defined by sqlite3_create_collation() etc.
**
** If required, this routine calls the 'collation needed' callback to
................................................................................
** this routine.  sqlite3LocateCollSeq() invokes the collation factory
** if necessary and generates an error message if the collating sequence
** cannot be found.
**
** See also: sqlite3LocateCollSeq(), sqlite3GetCollSeq()
*/
CollSeq *sqlite3FindCollSeq(
  sqlite3 *db,
  u8 enc,
  const char *zName,
  int create
){
  CollSeq *pColl;
  if( zName ){
    pColl = findCollSeqEntry(db, zName, create);
  }else{
    pColl = db->pDfltColl;
  }
  assert( SQLITE_UTF8==1 && SQLITE_UTF16LE==2 && SQLITE_UTF16BE==3 );
  assert( enc>=SQLITE_UTF8 && enc<=SQLITE_UTF16BE );
  if( pColl ) pColl += enc-1;















































































  return pColl;
}

/* During the search for the best function definition, this procedure
** is called to test how well the function passed as the first argument
** matches the request for a function with nArg arguments in a system
** that uses encoding enc. The value returned indicates how well the

      pColl->xDel = 0;         /* Do not copy the destructor */
      return SQLITE_OK;
    }
  }
  return SQLITE_ERROR;
}














































/*
** This routine is called on a collation sequence before it is used to
** check that it is defined. An undefined collation sequence exists when
** a database is loaded that contains references to collation sequences
** that have not been defined by sqlite3_create_collation() etc.
**
** If required, this routine calls the 'collation needed' callback to
................................................................................
** this routine.  sqlite3LocateCollSeq() invokes the collation factory
** if necessary and generates an error message if the collating sequence
** cannot be found.
**
** See also: sqlite3LocateCollSeq(), sqlite3GetCollSeq()
*/
CollSeq *sqlite3FindCollSeq(
  sqlite3 *db,          /* Database connection to search */
  u8 enc,               /* Desired text encoding */
  const char *zName,    /* Name of the collating sequence.  Might be NULL */
  int create            /* True to create CollSeq if doesn't already exist */
){
  CollSeq *pColl;
  if( zName ){
    pColl = findCollSeqEntry(db, zName, create);
  }else{
    pColl = db->pDfltColl;
  }
  assert( SQLITE_UTF8==1 && SQLITE_UTF16LE==2 && SQLITE_UTF16BE==3 );
  assert( enc>=SQLITE_UTF8 && enc<=SQLITE_UTF16BE );
  if( pColl ) pColl += enc-1;
  return pColl;
}

/*
** This function is responsible for invoking the collation factory callback
** or substituting a collation sequence of a different encoding when the
** requested collation sequence is not available in the desired encoding.
** 
** If it is not NULL, then pColl must point to the database native encoding 
** collation sequence with name zName, length nName.
**
** The return value is either the collation sequence to be used in database
** db for collation type name zName, length nName, or NULL, if no collation
** sequence can be found.  If no collation is found, leave an error message.
**
** See also: sqlite3LocateCollSeq(), sqlite3FindCollSeq()
*/
CollSeq *sqlite3GetCollSeq(
  Parse *pParse,        /* Parsing context */
  u8 enc,               /* The desired encoding for the collating sequence */
  CollSeq *pColl,       /* Collating sequence with native encoding, or NULL */
  const char *zName     /* Collating sequence name */
){
  CollSeq *p;
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;

  p = pColl;
  if( !p ){
    p = sqlite3FindCollSeq(db, enc, zName, 0);
  }
  if( !p || !p->xCmp ){
    /* No collation sequence of this type for this encoding is registered.
    ** Call the collation factory to see if it can supply us with one.
    */
    callCollNeeded(db, enc, zName);
    p = sqlite3FindCollSeq(db, enc, zName, 0);
  }
  if( p && !p->xCmp && synthCollSeq(db, p) ){
    p = 0;
  }
  assert( !p || p->xCmp );
  if( p==0 ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "no such collation sequence: %s", zName);
    pParse->rc = SQLITE_ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ;
  }
  return p;
}

/*
** This function returns the collation sequence for database native text
** encoding identified by the string zName.
**
** If the requested collation sequence is not available, or not available
** in the database native encoding, the collation factory is invoked to
** request it. If the collation factory does not supply such a sequence,
** and the sequence is available in another text encoding, then that is
** returned instead.
**
** If no versions of the requested collations sequence are available, or
** another error occurs, NULL is returned and an error message written into
** pParse.
**
** This routine is a wrapper around sqlite3FindCollSeq().  This routine
** invokes the collation factory if the named collation cannot be found
** and generates an error message.
**
** See also: sqlite3FindCollSeq(), sqlite3GetCollSeq()
*/
CollSeq *sqlite3LocateCollSeq(Parse *pParse, const char *zName){
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
  u8 enc = ENC(db);
  u8 initbusy = db->init.busy;
  CollSeq *pColl;

  pColl = sqlite3FindCollSeq(db, enc, zName, initbusy);
  if( !initbusy && (!pColl || !pColl->xCmp) ){
    pColl = sqlite3GetCollSeq(pParse, enc, pColl, zName);
  }

  return pColl;
}

/* During the search for the best function definition, this procedure
** is called to test how well the function passed as the first argument
** matches the request for a function with nArg arguments in a system
** that uses encoding enc. The value returned indicates how well the

    /* Populate the OLD.* pseudo-table register array. These values will be 
    ** used by any BEFORE and AFTER triggers that exist.  */
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Copy, iPk, iOld);
    for(iCol=0; iCol<pTab->nCol; iCol++){
      testcase( mask!=0xffffffff && iCol==31 );
      testcase( mask!=0xffffffff && iCol==32 );
      if( mask==0xffffffff || (iCol<=31 && (mask & MASKBIT32(iCol))!=0) ){

        sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(v, pTab, iDataCur, iCol, iOld+iCol+1);
      }
    }

    /* Invoke BEFORE DELETE trigger programs. */
    addrStart = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
    sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(pParse, pTrigger, 
        TK_DELETE, 0, TRIGGER_BEFORE, pTab, iOld, onconf, iLabel
................................................................................
  if( piPartIdxLabel ){
    if( pIdx->pPartIdxWhere ){
      *piPartIdxLabel = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
      pParse->iSelfTab = iDataCur + 1;
      sqlite3ExprIfFalseDup(pParse, pIdx->pPartIdxWhere, *piPartIdxLabel, 
                            SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL);
      pParse->iSelfTab = 0;


    }else{
      *piPartIdxLabel = 0;
    }
  }
  nCol = (prefixOnly && pIdx->uniqNotNull) ? pIdx->nKeyCol : pIdx->nColumn;
  regBase = sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, nCol);
  if( pPrior && (regBase!=regPrior || pPrior->pPartIdxWhere) ) pPrior = 0;

    /* Populate the OLD.* pseudo-table register array. These values will be 
    ** used by any BEFORE and AFTER triggers that exist.  */
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Copy, iPk, iOld);
    for(iCol=0; iCol<pTab->nCol; iCol++){
      testcase( mask!=0xffffffff && iCol==31 );
      testcase( mask!=0xffffffff && iCol==32 );
      if( mask==0xffffffff || (iCol<=31 && (mask & MASKBIT32(iCol))!=0) ){
        int kk = sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(pTab, iCol);
        sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(v, pTab, iDataCur, iCol, iOld+kk+1);
      }
    }

    /* Invoke BEFORE DELETE trigger programs. */
    addrStart = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
    sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(pParse, pTrigger, 
        TK_DELETE, 0, TRIGGER_BEFORE, pTab, iOld, onconf, iLabel
................................................................................
  if( piPartIdxLabel ){
    if( pIdx->pPartIdxWhere ){
      *piPartIdxLabel = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
      pParse->iSelfTab = iDataCur + 1;
      sqlite3ExprIfFalseDup(pParse, pIdx->pPartIdxWhere, *piPartIdxLabel, 
                            SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL);
      pParse->iSelfTab = 0;
      pPrior = 0; /* Ticket a9efb42811fa41ee 2019-11-02;
                  ** pPartIdxWhere may have corrupted regPrior registers */
    }else{
      *piPartIdxLabel = 0;
    }
  }
  nCol = (prefixOnly && pIdx->uniqNotNull) ? pIdx->nKeyCol : pIdx->nColumn;
  regBase = sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, nCol);
  if( pPrior && (regBase!=regPrior || pPrior->pPartIdxWhere) ) pPrior = 0;

** CREATE TABLE t1(a);
** SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a;
** SELECT a AS b FROM t1 WHERE b;
** SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE (select a from t1);
*/
char sqlite3ExprAffinity(Expr *pExpr){
  int op;
  if( pExpr->flags & EP_Generic ) return 0;
  while( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_Skip) ){
    assert( pExpr->op==TK_COLLATE );
    pExpr = pExpr->pLeft;
    assert( pExpr!=0 );
  }
  op = pExpr->op;
  if( op==TK_SELECT ){
................................................................................
  }
  if( op==TK_SELECT_COLUMN ){
    assert( pExpr->pLeft->flags&EP_xIsSelect );
    return sqlite3ExprAffinity(
        pExpr->pLeft->x.pSelect->pEList->a[pExpr->iColumn].pExpr
    );
  }



  return pExpr->affExpr;
}

/*
** Set the collating sequence for expression pExpr to be the collating
** sequence named by pToken.   Return a pointer to a new Expr node that
** implements the COLLATE operator.
................................................................................
  Token s;
  assert( zC!=0 );
  sqlite3TokenInit(&s, (char*)zC);
  return sqlite3ExprAddCollateToken(pParse, pExpr, &s, 0);
}

/*
** Skip over any TK_COLLATE operators and any unlikely()
** or likelihood() function at the root of an expression.
*/
Expr *sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(Expr *pExpr){













  while( pExpr && ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_Skip|EP_Unlikely) ){
    if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_Unlikely) ){
      assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_xIsSelect) );
      assert( pExpr->x.pList->nExpr>0 );
      assert( pExpr->op==TK_FUNCTION );
      pExpr = pExpr->x.pList->a[0].pExpr;
    }else{
................................................................................
*/
CollSeq *sqlite3ExprCollSeq(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr){
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
  CollSeq *pColl = 0;
  Expr *p = pExpr;
  while( p ){
    int op = p->op;
    if( p->flags & EP_Generic ) break;
    if( op==TK_REGISTER ) op = p->op2;
    if( (op==TK_AGG_COLUMN || op==TK_COLUMN || op==TK_TRIGGER)
     && p->y.pTab!=0
    ){
      /* op==TK_REGISTER && p->y.pTab!=0 happens when pExpr was originally
      ** a TK_COLUMN but was previously evaluated and cached in a register */
      int j = p->iColumn;
................................................................................
        pColl = sqlite3FindCollSeq(db, ENC(db), zColl, 0);
      }
      break;
    }
    if( op==TK_CAST || op==TK_UPLUS ){
      p = p->pLeft;
      continue;




    }
    if( op==TK_COLLATE ){
      pColl = sqlite3GetCollSeq(pParse, ENC(db), 0, p->u.zToken);
      break;
    }
    if( p->flags & EP_Collate ){
      if( p->pLeft && (p->pLeft->flags & EP_Collate)!=0 ){
        p = p->pLeft;
      }else{
        Expr *pNext  = p->pRight;
        /* The Expr.x union is never used at the same time as Expr.pRight */
        assert( p->x.pList==0 || p->pRight==0 );
        /* p->flags holds EP_Collate and p->pLeft->flags does not.  And
        ** p->x.pSelect cannot.  So if p->x.pLeft exists, it must hold at
        ** least one EP_Collate. Thus the following two ALWAYS. */
        if( p->x.pList!=0 && ALWAYS(!ExprHasProperty(p, EP_xIsSelect)) ){

          int i;
          for(i=0; ALWAYS(i<p->x.pList->nExpr); i++){
            if( ExprHasProperty(p->x.pList->a[i].pExpr, EP_Collate) ){
              pNext = p->x.pList->a[i].pExpr;
              break;
            }
          }
        }
        p = pNext;
................................................................................
    pColl = sqlite3ExprCollSeq(pParse, pLeft);
    if( !pColl ){
      pColl = sqlite3ExprCollSeq(pParse, pRight);
    }
  }
  return pColl;
}

















/*
** Generate code for a comparison operator.
*/
static int codeCompare(
  Parse *pParse,    /* The parsing (and code generating) context */
  Expr *pLeft,      /* The left operand */
  Expr *pRight,     /* The right operand */
  int opcode,       /* The comparison opcode */
  int in1, int in2, /* Register holding operands */
  int dest,         /* Jump here if true.  */
  int jumpIfNull    /* If true, jump if either operand is NULL */

){
  int p5;
  int addr;
  CollSeq *p4;




  p4 = sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq(pParse, pLeft, pRight);

  p5 = binaryCompareP5(pLeft, pRight, jumpIfNull);
  addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(pParse->pVdbe, opcode, in2, dest, in1,
                           (void*)p4, P4_COLLSEQ);
  sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(pParse->pVdbe, (u8)p5);
  return addr;
}

................................................................................
  Expr *pRight = pExpr->pRight;
  int nLeft = sqlite3ExprVectorSize(pLeft);
  int i;
  int regLeft = 0;
  int regRight = 0;
  u8 opx = op;
  int addrDone = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);


  if( nLeft!=sqlite3ExprVectorSize(pRight) ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "row value misused");
    return;
  }
  assert( pExpr->op==TK_EQ || pExpr->op==TK_NE 
       || pExpr->op==TK_IS || pExpr->op==TK_ISNOT 
................................................................................
  for(i=0; 1 /*Loop exits by "break"*/; i++){
    int regFree1 = 0, regFree2 = 0;
    Expr *pL, *pR; 
    int r1, r2;
    assert( i>=0 && i<nLeft );
    r1 = exprVectorRegister(pParse, pLeft, i, regLeft, &pL, &regFree1);
    r2 = exprVectorRegister(pParse, pRight, i, regRight, &pR, &regFree2);
    codeCompare(pParse, pL, pR, opx, r1, r2, dest, p5);
    testcase(op==OP_Lt); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Lt);
    testcase(op==OP_Le); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Le);
    testcase(op==OP_Gt); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Gt);
    testcase(op==OP_Ge); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Ge);
    testcase(op==OP_Eq); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Eq);
    testcase(op==OP_Ne); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Ne);
    sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regFree1);
................................................................................
  if( pLeft==0  ){
    return pRight;
  }else if( pRight==0 ){
    return pLeft;
  }else if( ExprAlwaysFalse(pLeft) || ExprAlwaysFalse(pRight) ){
    sqlite3ExprUnmapAndDelete(pParse, pLeft);
    sqlite3ExprUnmapAndDelete(pParse, pRight);
    return sqlite3ExprAlloc(db, TK_INTEGER, &sqlite3IntTokens[0], 0);
  }else{
    return sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_AND, pLeft, pRight);
  }
}

/*
** Construct a new expression node for a function with multiple
................................................................................
        assert( pNewExpr->iColumn==pItem[-1].pExpr->iColumn+1 );
        assert( pPriorSelectCol==pItem[-1].pExpr->pLeft );
        pNewExpr->pLeft = pPriorSelectCol;
      }
    }
    pItem->zName = sqlite3DbStrDup(db, pOldItem->zName);
    pItem->zSpan = sqlite3DbStrDup(db, pOldItem->zSpan);
    pItem->sortOrder = pOldItem->sortOrder;
    pItem->done = 0;

    pItem->bSpanIsTab = pOldItem->bSpanIsTab;
    pItem->bSorterRef = pOldItem->bSorterRef;
    pItem->u = pOldItem->u;
  }
  return pNew;
}

................................................................................
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "%d columns assigned %d values",
                    pColumns->nId, n);
    goto vector_append_error;
  }

  for(i=0; i<pColumns->nId; i++){
    Expr *pSubExpr = sqlite3ExprForVectorField(pParse, pExpr, i);




    pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, pList, pSubExpr);
    if( pList ){
      assert( pList->nExpr==iFirst+i+1 );
      pList->a[pList->nExpr-1].zName = pColumns->a[i].zName;
      pColumns->a[i].zName = 0;
    }
  }
................................................................................
  sqlite3IdListDelete(db, pColumns);
  return pList;
}

/*
** Set the sort order for the last element on the given ExprList.
*/
void sqlite3ExprListSetSortOrder(ExprList *p, int iSortOrder){

  if( p==0 ) return;
  assert( SQLITE_SO_UNDEFINED<0 && SQLITE_SO_ASC>=0 && SQLITE_SO_DESC>0 );
  assert( p->nExpr>0 );


  if( iSortOrder<0 ){
    assert( p->a[p->nExpr-1].sortOrder==SQLITE_SO_ASC );
    return;






  }





  p->a[p->nExpr-1].sortOrder = (u8)iSortOrder;







}

/*
** Set the ExprList.a[].zName element of the most recently added item
** on the expression list.
**
** pList might be NULL following an OOM error.  But pName should never be
................................................................................
** This routine is used to determine if the OP_Affinity operation
** can be omitted.  When in doubt return FALSE.  A false negative
** is harmless.  A false positive, however, can result in the wrong
** answer.
*/
int sqlite3ExprNeedsNoAffinityChange(const Expr *p, char aff){
  u8 op;

  if( aff==SQLITE_AFF_BLOB ) return 1;
  while( p->op==TK_UPLUS || p->op==TK_UMINUS ){ p = p->pLeft; }



  op = p->op;
  if( op==TK_REGISTER ) op = p->op2;
  switch( op ){
    case TK_INTEGER: {
      return aff==SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER || aff==SQLITE_AFF_NUMERIC;
    }
    case TK_FLOAT: {
      return aff==SQLITE_AFF_REAL || aff==SQLITE_AFF_NUMERIC;
    }
    case TK_STRING: {
      return aff==SQLITE_AFF_TEXT;
    }
    case TK_BLOB: {
      return 1;
    }
    case TK_COLUMN: {
      assert( p->iTable>=0 );  /* p cannot be part of a CHECK constraint */
      return p->iColumn<0
          && (aff==SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER || aff==SQLITE_AFF_NUMERIC);
    }
    default: {
      return 0;
    }
  }
}

................................................................................
**   CREATE INDEX i1 ON t1(b, c, a);
**
** then aiMap[] is populated with {2, 0, 1}.
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
int sqlite3FindInIndex(
  Parse *pParse,             /* Parsing context */
  Expr *pX,                  /* The right-hand side (RHS) of the IN operator */
  u32 inFlags,               /* IN_INDEX_LOOP, _MEMBERSHIP, and/or _NOOP_OK */
  int *prRhsHasNull,         /* Register holding NULL status.  See notes */
  int *aiMap,                /* Mapping from Index fields to RHS fields */
  int *piTab                 /* OUT: index to use */
){
  Select *p;                            /* SELECT to the right of IN operator */
  int eType = 0;                        /* Type of RHS table. IN_INDEX_* */
................................................................................
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP4(v, addr, (void *)pKeyInfo, P4_KEYINFO);
  }
  if( addrOnce ){
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrOnce);
    /* Subroutine return */
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Return, pExpr->y.sub.regReturn);
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP1(v, pExpr->y.sub.iAddr-1, sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)-1);

  }
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY */

/*
** Generate code for scalar subqueries used as a subquery expression
** or EXISTS operator:
**
**     (SELECT a FROM b)          -- subquery
**     EXISTS (SELECT a FROM b)   -- EXISTS subquery
**
** The pExpr parameter is the SELECT or EXISTS operator to be coded.
**
** The register that holds the result.  For a multi-column SELECT, 
** the result is stored in a contiguous array of registers and the
** return value is the register of the left-most result column.
** Return 0 if an error occurs.
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
int sqlite3CodeSubselect(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr){
  int addrOnce = 0;           /* Address of OP_Once at top of subroutine */
................................................................................
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Null, 0, dest.iSDParm, dest.iSDParm+nReg-1);
    VdbeComment((v, "Init subquery result"));
  }else{
    dest.eDest = SRT_Exists;
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 0, dest.iSDParm);
    VdbeComment((v, "Init EXISTS result"));
  }
  pLimit = sqlite3ExprAlloc(pParse->db, TK_INTEGER,&sqlite3IntTokens[1], 0);
  if( pSel->pLimit ){









    sqlite3ExprDelete(pParse->db, pSel->pLimit->pLeft);
    pSel->pLimit->pLeft = pLimit;
  }else{


    pSel->pLimit = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_LIMIT, pLimit, 0);
  }
  pSel->iLimit = 0;
  if( sqlite3Select(pParse, pSel, &dest) ){
    return 0;
  }
  pExpr->iTable = rReg = dest.iSDParm;
................................................................................
  ExprSetVVAProperty(pExpr, EP_NoReduce);
  if( addrOnce ){
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrOnce);

    /* Subroutine return */
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Return, pExpr->y.sub.regReturn);
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP1(v, pExpr->y.sub.iAddr-1, sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)-1);

  }

  return rReg;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
................................................................................
  if( eType==IN_INDEX_NOOP ){
    ExprList *pList = pExpr->x.pList;
    CollSeq *pColl = sqlite3ExprCollSeq(pParse, pExpr->pLeft);
    int labelOk = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
    int r2, regToFree;
    int regCkNull = 0;
    int ii;

    assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_xIsSelect) );
    if( destIfNull!=destIfFalse ){
      regCkNull = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_BitAnd, rLhs, rLhs, regCkNull);
    }

    for(ii=0; ii<pList->nExpr; ii++){





      r2 = sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(pParse, pList->a[ii].pExpr, &regToFree);

      if( regCkNull && sqlite3ExprCanBeNull(pList->a[ii].pExpr) ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_BitAnd, regCkNull, r2, regCkNull);
      }
      if( ii<pList->nExpr-1 || destIfNull!=destIfFalse ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_Eq, rLhs, labelOk, r2,
                          (void*)pColl, P4_COLLSEQ);
        VdbeCoverageIf(v, ii<pList->nExpr-1);
................................................................................
    pParse->iSelfTab = 0;
  }else{
    sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(pParse->pVdbe, pIdx->pTable, iTabCur,
                                    iTabCol, regOut);
  }
}



















/*
** Generate code to extract the value of the iCol-th column of a table.
*/
void sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(
  Vdbe *v,        /* The VDBE under construction */
  Table *pTab,    /* The table containing the value */
  int iTabCur,    /* The table cursor.  Or the PK cursor for WITHOUT ROWID */
  int iCol,       /* Index of the column to extract */
  int regOut      /* Extract the value into this register */
){


  if( pTab==0 ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, iTabCur, iCol, regOut);
    return;
  }
  if( iCol<0 || iCol==pTab->iPKey ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rowid, iTabCur, regOut);
  }else{


    int op = IsVirtual(pTab) ? OP_VColumn : OP_Column;

    int x = iCol;















    if( !HasRowid(pTab) && !IsVirtual(pTab) ){

      x = sqlite3ColumnOfIndex(sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(pTab), iCol);





    }
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, op, iTabCur, x, regOut);
  }
  if( iCol>=0 ){
    sqlite3ColumnDefault(v, pTab, iCol, regOut);
  }
}

/*
** Generate code that will extract the iColumn-th column from
** table pTab and store the column value in register iReg. 
................................................................................
  Parse *pParse,   /* Parsing and code generating context */
  Table *pTab,     /* Description of the table we are reading from */
  int iColumn,     /* Index of the table column */
  int iTable,      /* The cursor pointing to the table */
  int iReg,        /* Store results here */
  u8 p5            /* P5 value for OP_Column + FLAGS */
){
  Vdbe *v = pParse->pVdbe;
  assert( v!=0 );
  sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(v, pTab, iTable, iColumn, iReg);
  if( p5 ){
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, p5);
  }
  return iReg;
}

/*
** Generate code to move content from registers iFrom...iFrom+nReg-1
** over to iTo..iTo+nReg-1.
................................................................................

/*
** Convert a scalar expression node to a TK_REGISTER referencing
** register iReg.  The caller must ensure that iReg already contains
** the correct value for the expression.
*/
static void exprToRegister(Expr *pExpr, int iReg){
  Expr *p = sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(pExpr);
  p->op2 = p->op;
  p->op = TK_REGISTER;
  p->iTable = iReg;
  ExprClearProperty(p, EP_Skip);
}

/*
................................................................................
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_Affinity, iReg, 1, 0,
                            &zAff[(aff-'B')*2], P4_STATIC);
        }
        return iReg;
      }
      if( iTab<0 ){
        if( pParse->iSelfTab<0 ){

          /* Generating CHECK constraints or inserting into partial index */












          return pExpr->iColumn - pParse->iSelfTab;


























        }else{
          /* Coding an expression that is part of an index where column names
          ** in the index refer to the table to which the index belongs */
          iTab = pParse->iSelfTab - 1;
        }
      }
      return sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumn(pParse, pExpr->y.pTab,
................................................................................
      Expr *pLeft = pExpr->pLeft;
      if( sqlite3ExprIsVector(pLeft) ){
        codeVectorCompare(pParse, pExpr, target, op, p5);
      }else{
        r1 = sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(pParse, pLeft, &regFree1);
        r2 = sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(pParse, pExpr->pRight, &regFree2);
        codeCompare(pParse, pLeft, pExpr->pRight, op,
            r1, r2, inReg, SQLITE_STOREP2 | p5);

        assert(TK_LT==OP_Lt); testcase(op==OP_Lt); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Lt);
        assert(TK_LE==OP_Le); testcase(op==OP_Le); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Le);
        assert(TK_GT==OP_Gt); testcase(op==OP_Gt); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Gt);
        assert(TK_GE==OP_Ge); testcase(op==OP_Ge); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Ge);
        assert(TK_EQ==OP_Eq); testcase(op==OP_Eq); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Eq);
        assert(TK_NE==OP_Ne); testcase(op==OP_Ne); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Ne);
        testcase( regFree1==0 );
................................................................................
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Offset, pArg->iTable, pArg->iColumn, target);
        }else{
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, target);
        }
      }else
#endif
      {
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, pParse->iSelfTab ? OP_PureFunc0 : OP_Function0,
                          constMask, r1, target, (char*)pDef, P4_FUNCDEF);
        sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, (u8)nFarg);
      }
      if( nFarg && constMask==0 ){
        sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(pParse, r1, nFarg);
      }
      return target;
    }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
................................................................................
    }
    case TK_SELECT_COLUMN: {
      int n;
      if( pExpr->pLeft->iTable==0 ){
        pExpr->pLeft->iTable = sqlite3CodeSubselect(pParse, pExpr->pLeft);
      }
      assert( pExpr->iTable==0 || pExpr->pLeft->op==TK_SELECT );
      if( pExpr->iTable
       && pExpr->iTable!=(n = sqlite3ExprVectorSize(pExpr->pLeft)) 
      ){
        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "%d columns assigned %d values",
                                pExpr->iTable, n);
      }
      return pExpr->pLeft->iTable + pExpr->iColumn;
    }
    case TK_IN: {
................................................................................
      ** Then p1 is interpreted as follows:
      **
      **   p1==0   ->    old.rowid     p1==3   ->    new.rowid
      **   p1==1   ->    old.a         p1==4   ->    new.a
      **   p1==2   ->    old.b         p1==5   ->    new.b       
      */
      Table *pTab = pExpr->y.pTab;

      int p1 = pExpr->iTable * (pTab->nCol+1) + 1 + pExpr->iColumn;


      assert( pExpr->iTable==0 || pExpr->iTable==1 );
      assert( pExpr->iColumn>=-1 && pExpr->iColumn<pTab->nCol );

      assert( pTab->iPKey<0 || pExpr->iColumn!=pTab->iPKey );
      assert( p1>=0 && p1<(pTab->nCol*2+2) );

      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Param, p1, target);
      VdbeComment((v, "r[%d]=%s.%s", target,
        (pExpr->iTable ? "new" : "old"),
        (pExpr->iColumn<0 ? "rowid" : pExpr->y.pTab->aCol[pExpr->iColumn].zName)
      ));

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
      /* If the column has REAL affinity, it may currently be stored as an
      ** integer. Use OP_RealAffinity to make sure it is really real.
      **
      ** EVIDENCE-OF: R-60985-57662 SQLite will convert the value back to
      ** floating point when extracting it from the record.  */
      if( pExpr->iColumn>=0 
       && pTab->aCol[pExpr->iColumn].affinity==SQLITE_AFF_REAL
      ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_RealAffinity, target);
      }
#endif
      break;
    }

    case TK_VECTOR: {
................................................................................
**
** If pExpr is a constant, then this routine might generate this
** code to fill the register in the initialization section of the
** VDBE program, in order to factor it out of the evaluation loop.
*/
int sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int *pReg){
  int r2;
  pExpr = sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(pExpr);
  if( ConstFactorOk(pParse)
   && pExpr->op!=TK_REGISTER
   && sqlite3ExprIsConstantNotJoin(pExpr)
  ){
    *pReg  = 0;
    r2 = sqlite3ExprCodeAtInit(pParse, pExpr, -1);
  }else{
................................................................................
** results in register target.  The results are guaranteed to appear
** in register target.
*/
void sqlite3ExprCode(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int target){
  int inReg;

  assert( target>0 && target<=pParse->nMem );
  if( pExpr && pExpr->op==TK_REGISTER ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(pParse->pVdbe, OP_Copy, pExpr->iTable, target);
  }else{
    inReg = sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(pParse, pExpr, target);
    assert( pParse->pVdbe!=0 || pParse->db->mallocFailed );
    if( inReg!=target && pParse->pVdbe ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(pParse->pVdbe, OP_SCopy, inReg, target);
    }
  }
}

/*
** Make a transient copy of expression pExpr and then code it using
** sqlite3ExprCode().  This routine works just like sqlite3ExprCode()
** except that the input expression is guaranteed to be unchanged.
................................................................................
  if( pParse->okConstFactor && sqlite3ExprIsConstantNotJoin(pExpr) ){
    sqlite3ExprCodeAtInit(pParse, pExpr, target);
  }else{
    sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pExpr, target);
  }
}

/*
** Generate code that evaluates the given expression and puts the result
** in register target.
**
** Also make a copy of the expression results into another "cache" register
** and modify the expression so that the next time it is evaluated,
** the result is a copy of the cache register.
**
** This routine is used for expressions that are used multiple 
** times.  They are evaluated once and the results of the expression
** are reused.
*/
void sqlite3ExprCodeAndCache(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int target){
  Vdbe *v = pParse->pVdbe;
  int iMem;

  assert( target>0 );
  assert( pExpr->op!=TK_REGISTER );
  sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pExpr, target);
  iMem = ++pParse->nMem;
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Copy, target, iMem);
  exprToRegister(pExpr, iMem);
}

/*
** Generate code that pushes the value of every element of the given
** expression list into a sequence of registers beginning at target.
**
** Return the number of elements evaluated.  The number returned will
** usually be pList->nExpr but might be reduced if SQLITE_ECEL_OMITREF
** is defined.
................................................................................
    case TK_NE:
    case TK_EQ: {
      if( sqlite3ExprIsVector(pExpr->pLeft) ) goto default_expr;
      testcase( jumpIfNull==0 );
      r1 = sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(pParse, pExpr->pLeft, &regFree1);
      r2 = sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(pParse, pExpr->pRight, &regFree2);
      codeCompare(pParse, pExpr->pLeft, pExpr->pRight, op,
                  r1, r2, dest, jumpIfNull);
      assert(TK_LT==OP_Lt); testcase(op==OP_Lt); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Lt);
      assert(TK_LE==OP_Le); testcase(op==OP_Le); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Le);
      assert(TK_GT==OP_Gt); testcase(op==OP_Gt); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Gt);
      assert(TK_GE==OP_Ge); testcase(op==OP_Ge); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Ge);
      assert(TK_EQ==OP_Eq); testcase(op==OP_Eq);
      VdbeCoverageIf(v, op==OP_Eq && jumpIfNull==SQLITE_NULLEQ);
      VdbeCoverageIf(v, op==OP_Eq && jumpIfNull!=SQLITE_NULLEQ);
................................................................................
    case TK_NE:
    case TK_EQ: {
      if( sqlite3ExprIsVector(pExpr->pLeft) ) goto default_expr;
      testcase( jumpIfNull==0 );
      r1 = sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(pParse, pExpr->pLeft, &regFree1);
      r2 = sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(pParse, pExpr->pRight, &regFree2);
      codeCompare(pParse, pExpr->pLeft, pExpr->pRight, op,
                  r1, r2, dest, jumpIfNull);
      assert(TK_LT==OP_Lt); testcase(op==OP_Lt); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Lt);
      assert(TK_LE==OP_Le); testcase(op==OP_Le); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Le);
      assert(TK_GT==OP_Gt); testcase(op==OP_Gt); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Gt);
      assert(TK_GE==OP_Ge); testcase(op==OP_Ge); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Ge);
      assert(TK_EQ==OP_Eq); testcase(op==OP_Eq);
      VdbeCoverageIf(v, op==OP_Eq && jumpIfNull!=SQLITE_NULLEQ);
      VdbeCoverageIf(v, op==OP_Eq && jumpIfNull==SQLITE_NULLEQ);
................................................................................
      return 0;
    }else if( pA->op==TK_COLLATE ){
      if( sqlite3_stricmp(pA->u.zToken,pB->u.zToken)!=0 ) return 2;
    }else if( ALWAYS(pB->u.zToken!=0) && strcmp(pA->u.zToken,pB->u.zToken)!=0 ){
      return 2;
    }
  }
  if( (pA->flags & EP_Distinct)!=(pB->flags & EP_Distinct) ) return 2;

  if( (combinedFlags & EP_TokenOnly)==0 ){
    if( combinedFlags & EP_xIsSelect ) return 2;
    if( (combinedFlags & EP_FixedCol)==0
     && sqlite3ExprCompare(pParse, pA->pLeft, pB->pLeft, iTab) ) return 2;
    if( sqlite3ExprCompare(pParse, pA->pRight, pB->pRight, iTab) ) return 2;
    if( sqlite3ExprListCompare(pA->x.pList, pB->x.pList, iTab) ) return 2;
    if( pA->op!=TK_STRING
     && pA->op!=TK_TRUEFALSE
     && (combinedFlags & EP_Reduced)==0
    ){
      if( pA->iColumn!=pB->iColumn ) return 2;
      if( pA->op2!=pB->op2 ) return 2;
      if( pA->iTable!=pB->iTable 
       && (pA->iTable!=iTab || NEVER(pB->iTable>=0)) ) return 2;















    }
  }
  return 0;
}

/*
** Compare two ExprList objects.  Return 0 if they are identical and 
................................................................................
  int i;
  if( pA==0 && pB==0 ) return 0;
  if( pA==0 || pB==0 ) return 1;
  if( pA->nExpr!=pB->nExpr ) return 1;
  for(i=0; i<pA->nExpr; i++){
    Expr *pExprA = pA->a[i].pExpr;
    Expr *pExprB = pB->a[i].pExpr;
    if( pA->a[i].sortOrder!=pB->a[i].sortOrder ) return 1;
    if( sqlite3ExprCompare(0, pExprA, pExprB, iTab) ) return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}

/*
** Like sqlite3ExprCompare() except COLLATE operators at the top-level
** are ignored.
*/
int sqlite3ExprCompareSkip(Expr *pA, Expr *pB, int iTab){
  return sqlite3ExprCompare(0,
             sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(pA),
             sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(pB),
             iTab);
}

/*
** Return non-zero if Expr p can only be true if pNN is not NULL.



*/
static int exprImpliesNotNull(
  Parse *pParse,      /* Parsing context */
  Expr *p,            /* The expression to be checked */
  Expr *pNN,          /* The expression that is NOT NULL */
  int iTab,           /* Table being evaluated */
  int seenNot         /* True if p is an operand of NOT */
){
  assert( p );
  assert( pNN );
  if( sqlite3ExprCompare(pParse, p, pNN, iTab)==0 ){
    return pNN->op!=TK_NULL;
  }
  switch( p->op ){
    case TK_IN: {
      if( seenNot && ExprHasProperty(p, EP_xIsSelect) ) return 0;
      assert( ExprHasProperty(p,EP_xIsSelect)
           || (p->x.pList!=0 && p->x.pList->nExpr>0) );
      return exprImpliesNotNull(pParse, p->pLeft, pNN, iTab, seenNot);
    }
    case TK_BETWEEN: {
      ExprList *pList = p->x.pList;
      assert( pList!=0 );
      assert( pList->nExpr==2 );
      if( seenNot ) return 0;
      if( exprImpliesNotNull(pParse, pList->a[0].pExpr, pNN, iTab, seenNot)
       || exprImpliesNotNull(pParse, pList->a[1].pExpr, pNN, iTab, seenNot)
      ){
        return 1;
      }
      return exprImpliesNotNull(pParse, p->pLeft, pNN, iTab, seenNot);
    }
    case TK_EQ:
    case TK_NE:
    case TK_LT:
    case TK_LE:
    case TK_GT:
    case TK_GE:
    case TK_PLUS:
    case TK_MINUS:






    case TK_STAR:
    case TK_REM:
    case TK_BITAND:
    case TK_BITOR:
    case TK_SLASH:
    case TK_LSHIFT:
    case TK_RSHIFT: 
    case TK_CONCAT: {
      if( exprImpliesNotNull(pParse, p->pRight, pNN, iTab, seenNot) ) return 1;
      /* Fall thru into the next case */
    }
    case TK_SPAN:
    case TK_COLLATE:
    case TK_BITNOT:
    case TK_UPLUS:
    case TK_UMINUS: {
      return exprImpliesNotNull(pParse, p->pLeft, pNN, iTab, seenNot);
    }
    case TK_TRUTH: {
      if( seenNot ) return 0;
      if( p->op2!=TK_IS ) return 0;
      return exprImpliesNotNull(pParse, p->pLeft, pNN, iTab, seenNot);
    }

    case TK_NOT: {
      return exprImpliesNotNull(pParse, p->pLeft, pNN, iTab, 1);
    }
  }
  return 0;
}

................................................................................
  ){
    return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}

/*
** This is the Expr node callback for sqlite3ExprImpliesNotNullRow().
** If the expression node requires that the table at pWalker->iCur
** have one or more non-NULL column, then set pWalker->eCode to 1 and abort.
**
** This routine controls an optimization.  False positives (setting
** pWalker->eCode to 1 when it should not be) are deadly, but false-negatives
** (never setting pWalker->eCode) is a harmless missed optimization.
*/
static int impliesNotNullRow(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
  testcase( pExpr->op==TK_AGG_COLUMN );
  testcase( pExpr->op==TK_AGG_FUNCTION );
  if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_FromJoin) ) return WRC_Prune;
  switch( pExpr->op ){
    case TK_ISNOT:
    case TK_NOT:
    case TK_ISNULL:
    case TK_NOTNULL:
    case TK_IS:
    case TK_OR:

    case TK_CASE:
    case TK_IN:
    case TK_FUNCTION:

      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_ISNOT );
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_NOT );
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_ISNULL );
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_NOTNULL );
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_IS );
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_OR );

      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_CASE );
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_IN );
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_FUNCTION );

      return WRC_Prune;
    case TK_COLUMN:
      if( pWalker->u.iCur==pExpr->iTable ){
        pWalker->eCode = 1;
        return WRC_Abort;
      }
      return WRC_Prune;














    /* Virtual tables are allowed to use constraints like x=NULL.  So
    ** a term of the form x=y does not prove that y is not null if x
    ** is the column of a virtual table */
    case TK_EQ:
    case TK_NE:
    case TK_LT:
    case TK_LE:
................................................................................
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_GT );
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_GE );
      if( (pExpr->pLeft->op==TK_COLUMN && IsVirtual(pExpr->pLeft->y.pTab))
       || (pExpr->pRight->op==TK_COLUMN && IsVirtual(pExpr->pRight->y.pTab))
      ){
       return WRC_Prune;
      }

    default:
      return WRC_Continue;
  }
}

/*
** Return true (non-zero) if expression p can only be true if at least
................................................................................
** an ordinary JOIN.  The p argument is the WHERE clause.  If the WHERE
** clause requires that some column of the right table of the LEFT JOIN
** be non-NULL, then the LEFT JOIN can be safely converted into an
** ordinary join.
*/
int sqlite3ExprImpliesNonNullRow(Expr *p, int iTab){
  Walker w;
  p = sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(p);
  while( p ){
    if( p->op==TK_NOTNULL ){
      p = p->pLeft;

    }else if( p->op==TK_AND ){
      if( sqlite3ExprImpliesNonNullRow(p->pLeft, iTab) ) return 1;
      p = p->pRight;
    }else{
      break;
    }
  }
  w.xExprCallback = impliesNotNullRow;
  w.xSelectCallback = 0;
  w.xSelectCallback2 = 0;
  w.eCode = 0;
  w.u.iCur = iTab;
................................................................................
** Check to see if there are references to columns in table 
** pWalker->u.pIdxCover->iCur can be satisfied using the index
** pWalker->u.pIdxCover->pIdx.
*/
static int exprIdxCover(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
  if( pExpr->op==TK_COLUMN
   && pExpr->iTable==pWalker->u.pIdxCover->iCur
   && sqlite3ColumnOfIndex(pWalker->u.pIdxCover->pIdx, pExpr->iColumn)<0
  ){
    pWalker->eCode = 1;
    return WRC_Abort;
  }
  return WRC_Continue;
}

................................................................................
    SrcList *pSrc = p->pSrc;
    int nSrc = pSrc ? pSrc->nSrc : 0;
    for(i=0; i<nSrc; i++){
      if( pExpr->iTable==pSrc->a[i].iCursor ) break;
    }
    if( i<nSrc ){
      p->nThis++;
    }else{



      p->nOther++;
    }
  }
  return WRC_Continue;
}

/*
................................................................................
** has no arguments or has only constant arguments.  Return false if pExpr
** references columns but not columns of tables found in pSrcList.
*/
int sqlite3FunctionUsesThisSrc(Expr *pExpr, SrcList *pSrcList){
  Walker w;
  struct SrcCount cnt;
  assert( pExpr->op==TK_AGG_FUNCTION );

  w.xExprCallback = exprSrcCount;
  w.xSelectCallback = 0;
  w.u.pSrcCount = &cnt;
  cnt.pSrc = pSrcList;
  cnt.nThis = 0;
  cnt.nOther = 0;
  sqlite3WalkExprList(&w, pExpr->x.pList);
  return cnt.nThis>0 || cnt.nOther==0;
}
................................................................................
    pParse->nRangeReg = nReg;
    pParse->iRangeReg = iReg;
  }
}

/*
** Mark all temporary registers as being unavailable for reuse.





*/
void sqlite3ClearTempRegCache(Parse *pParse){
  pParse->nTempReg = 0;
  pParse->nRangeReg = 0;
}

/*

** CREATE TABLE t1(a);
** SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a;
** SELECT a AS b FROM t1 WHERE b;
** SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE (select a from t1);
*/
char sqlite3ExprAffinity(Expr *pExpr){
  int op;

  while( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_Skip) ){
    assert( pExpr->op==TK_COLLATE );
    pExpr = pExpr->pLeft;
    assert( pExpr!=0 );
  }
  op = pExpr->op;
  if( op==TK_SELECT ){
................................................................................
  }
  if( op==TK_SELECT_COLUMN ){
    assert( pExpr->pLeft->flags&EP_xIsSelect );
    return sqlite3ExprAffinity(
        pExpr->pLeft->x.pSelect->pEList->a[pExpr->iColumn].pExpr
    );
  }
  if( op==TK_VECTOR ){
    return sqlite3ExprAffinity(pExpr->x.pList->a[0].pExpr);
  }
  return pExpr->affExpr;
}

/*
** Set the collating sequence for expression pExpr to be the collating
** sequence named by pToken.   Return a pointer to a new Expr node that
** implements the COLLATE operator.
................................................................................
  Token s;
  assert( zC!=0 );
  sqlite3TokenInit(&s, (char*)zC);
  return sqlite3ExprAddCollateToken(pParse, pExpr, &s, 0);
}

/*
** Skip over any TK_COLLATE operators.

*/
Expr *sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(Expr *pExpr){
  while( pExpr && ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_Skip) ){
    assert( pExpr->op==TK_COLLATE );
    pExpr = pExpr->pLeft;
  }   
  return pExpr;
}

/*
** Skip over any TK_COLLATE operators and/or any unlikely()
** or likelihood() or likely() functions at the root of an
** expression.
*/
Expr *sqlite3ExprSkipCollateAndLikely(Expr *pExpr){
  while( pExpr && ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_Skip|EP_Unlikely) ){
    if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_Unlikely) ){
      assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_xIsSelect) );
      assert( pExpr->x.pList->nExpr>0 );
      assert( pExpr->op==TK_FUNCTION );
      pExpr = pExpr->x.pList->a[0].pExpr;
    }else{
................................................................................
*/
CollSeq *sqlite3ExprCollSeq(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr){
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
  CollSeq *pColl = 0;
  Expr *p = pExpr;
  while( p ){
    int op = p->op;

    if( op==TK_REGISTER ) op = p->op2;
    if( (op==TK_AGG_COLUMN || op==TK_COLUMN || op==TK_TRIGGER)
     && p->y.pTab!=0
    ){
      /* op==TK_REGISTER && p->y.pTab!=0 happens when pExpr was originally
      ** a TK_COLUMN but was previously evaluated and cached in a register */
      int j = p->iColumn;
................................................................................
        pColl = sqlite3FindCollSeq(db, ENC(db), zColl, 0);
      }
      break;
    }
    if( op==TK_CAST || op==TK_UPLUS ){
      p = p->pLeft;
      continue;
    }
    if( op==TK_VECTOR ){
      p = p->x.pList->a[0].pExpr;
      continue;
    }
    if( op==TK_COLLATE ){
      pColl = sqlite3GetCollSeq(pParse, ENC(db), 0, p->u.zToken);
      break;
    }
    if( p->flags & EP_Collate ){
      if( p->pLeft && (p->pLeft->flags & EP_Collate)!=0 ){
        p = p->pLeft;
      }else{
        Expr *pNext  = p->pRight;
        /* The Expr.x union is never used at the same time as Expr.pRight */
        assert( p->x.pList==0 || p->pRight==0 );
        if( p->x.pList!=0 
         && !db->mallocFailed

         && ALWAYS(!ExprHasProperty(p, EP_xIsSelect))
        ){
          int i;
          for(i=0; i<p->x.pList->nExpr; i++){
            if( ExprHasProperty(p->x.pList->a[i].pExpr, EP_Collate) ){
              pNext = p->x.pList->a[i].pExpr;
              break;
            }
          }
        }
        p = pNext;
................................................................................
    pColl = sqlite3ExprCollSeq(pParse, pLeft);
    if( !pColl ){
      pColl = sqlite3ExprCollSeq(pParse, pRight);
    }
  }
  return pColl;
}

/* Expresssion p is a comparison operator.  Return a collation sequence
** appropriate for the comparison operator.
**
** This is normally just a wrapper around sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq().
** However, if the OP_Commuted flag is set, then the order of the operands
** is reversed in the sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq() call so that the
** correct collating sequence is found.
*/
CollSeq *sqlite3ExprCompareCollSeq(Parse *pParse, Expr *p){
  if( ExprHasProperty(p, EP_Commuted) ){
    return sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq(pParse, p->pRight, p->pLeft);
  }else{
    return sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq(pParse, p->pLeft, p->pRight);
  }
}

/*
** Generate code for a comparison operator.
*/
static int codeCompare(
  Parse *pParse,    /* The parsing (and code generating) context */
  Expr *pLeft,      /* The left operand */
  Expr *pRight,     /* The right operand */
  int opcode,       /* The comparison opcode */
  int in1, int in2, /* Register holding operands */
  int dest,         /* Jump here if true.  */
  int jumpIfNull,   /* If true, jump if either operand is NULL */
  int isCommuted    /* The comparison has been commuted */
){
  int p5;
  int addr;
  CollSeq *p4;

  if( isCommuted ){
    p4 = sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq(pParse, pRight, pLeft);
  }else{
    p4 = sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq(pParse, pLeft, pRight);
  }
  p5 = binaryCompareP5(pLeft, pRight, jumpIfNull);
  addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(pParse->pVdbe, opcode, in2, dest, in1,
                           (void*)p4, P4_COLLSEQ);
  sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(pParse->pVdbe, (u8)p5);
  return addr;
}

................................................................................
  Expr *pRight = pExpr->pRight;
  int nLeft = sqlite3ExprVectorSize(pLeft);
  int i;
  int regLeft = 0;
  int regRight = 0;
  u8 opx = op;
  int addrDone = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
  int isCommuted = ExprHasProperty(pExpr,EP_Commuted);

  if( nLeft!=sqlite3ExprVectorSize(pRight) ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "row value misused");
    return;
  }
  assert( pExpr->op==TK_EQ || pExpr->op==TK_NE 
       || pExpr->op==TK_IS || pExpr->op==TK_ISNOT 
................................................................................
  for(i=0; 1 /*Loop exits by "break"*/; i++){
    int regFree1 = 0, regFree2 = 0;
    Expr *pL, *pR; 
    int r1, r2;
    assert( i>=0 && i<nLeft );
    r1 = exprVectorRegister(pParse, pLeft, i, regLeft, &pL, &regFree1);
    r2 = exprVectorRegister(pParse, pRight, i, regRight, &pR, &regFree2);
    codeCompare(pParse, pL, pR, opx, r1, r2, dest, p5, isCommuted);
    testcase(op==OP_Lt); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Lt);
    testcase(op==OP_Le); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Le);
    testcase(op==OP_Gt); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Gt);
    testcase(op==OP_Ge); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Ge);
    testcase(op==OP_Eq); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Eq);
    testcase(op==OP_Ne); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Ne);
    sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regFree1);
................................................................................
  if( pLeft==0  ){
    return pRight;
  }else if( pRight==0 ){
    return pLeft;
  }else if( ExprAlwaysFalse(pLeft) || ExprAlwaysFalse(pRight) ){
    sqlite3ExprUnmapAndDelete(pParse, pLeft);
    sqlite3ExprUnmapAndDelete(pParse, pRight);
    return sqlite3Expr(db, TK_INTEGER, "0");
  }else{
    return sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_AND, pLeft, pRight);
  }
}

/*
** Construct a new expression node for a function with multiple
................................................................................
        assert( pNewExpr->iColumn==pItem[-1].pExpr->iColumn+1 );
        assert( pPriorSelectCol==pItem[-1].pExpr->pLeft );
        pNewExpr->pLeft = pPriorSelectCol;
      }
    }
    pItem->zName = sqlite3DbStrDup(db, pOldItem->zName);
    pItem->zSpan = sqlite3DbStrDup(db, pOldItem->zSpan);
    pItem->sortFlags = pOldItem->sortFlags;
    pItem->done = 0;
    pItem->bNulls = pOldItem->bNulls;
    pItem->bSpanIsTab = pOldItem->bSpanIsTab;
    pItem->bSorterRef = pOldItem->bSorterRef;
    pItem->u = pOldItem->u;
  }
  return pNew;
}

................................................................................
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "%d columns assigned %d values",
                    pColumns->nId, n);
    goto vector_append_error;
  }

  for(i=0; i<pColumns->nId; i++){
    Expr *pSubExpr = sqlite3ExprForVectorField(pParse, pExpr, i);
    assert( pSubExpr!=0 || db->mallocFailed );
    assert( pSubExpr==0 || pSubExpr->iTable==0 );
    if( pSubExpr==0 ) continue;
    pSubExpr->iTable = pColumns->nId;
    pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, pList, pSubExpr);
    if( pList ){
      assert( pList->nExpr==iFirst+i+1 );
      pList->a[pList->nExpr-1].zName = pColumns->a[i].zName;
      pColumns->a[i].zName = 0;
    }
  }
................................................................................
  sqlite3IdListDelete(db, pColumns);
  return pList;
}

/*
** Set the sort order for the last element on the given ExprList.
*/
void sqlite3ExprListSetSortOrder(ExprList *p, int iSortOrder, int eNulls){
  struct ExprList_item *pItem;
  if( p==0 ) return;

  assert( p->nExpr>0 );

  assert( SQLITE_SO_UNDEFINED<0 && SQLITE_SO_ASC==0 && SQLITE_SO_DESC>0 );
  assert( iSortOrder==SQLITE_SO_UNDEFINED 
       || iSortOrder==SQLITE_SO_ASC 

       || iSortOrder==SQLITE_SO_DESC 
  );
  assert( eNulls==SQLITE_SO_UNDEFINED 
       || eNulls==SQLITE_SO_ASC 
       || eNulls==SQLITE_SO_DESC 
  );

  pItem = &p->a[p->nExpr-1];
  assert( pItem->bNulls==0 );
  if( iSortOrder==SQLITE_SO_UNDEFINED ){
    iSortOrder = SQLITE_SO_ASC;
  }
  pItem->sortFlags = (u8)iSortOrder;

  if( eNulls!=SQLITE_SO_UNDEFINED ){
    pItem->bNulls = 1;
    if( iSortOrder!=eNulls ){
      pItem->sortFlags |= KEYINFO_ORDER_BIGNULL;
    }
  }
}

/*
** Set the ExprList.a[].zName element of the most recently added item
** on the expression list.
**
** pList might be NULL following an OOM error.  But pName should never be
................................................................................
** This routine is used to determine if the OP_Affinity operation
** can be omitted.  When in doubt return FALSE.  A false negative
** is harmless.  A false positive, however, can result in the wrong
** answer.
*/
int sqlite3ExprNeedsNoAffinityChange(const Expr *p, char aff){
  u8 op;
  int unaryMinus = 0;
  if( aff==SQLITE_AFF_BLOB ) return 1;
  while( p->op==TK_UPLUS || p->op==TK_UMINUS ){
    if( p->op==TK_UMINUS ) unaryMinus = 1;
    p = p->pLeft;
  }
  op = p->op;
  if( op==TK_REGISTER ) op = p->op2;
  switch( op ){
    case TK_INTEGER: {
      return aff>=SQLITE_AFF_NUMERIC;
    }
    case TK_FLOAT: {
      return aff>=SQLITE_AFF_NUMERIC;
    }
    case TK_STRING: {
      return !unaryMinus && aff==SQLITE_AFF_TEXT;
    }
    case TK_BLOB: {
      return !unaryMinus;
    }
    case TK_COLUMN: {
      assert( p->iTable>=0 );  /* p cannot be part of a CHECK constraint */

      return aff>=SQLITE_AFF_NUMERIC && p->iColumn<0;
    }
    default: {
      return 0;
    }
  }
}

................................................................................
**   CREATE INDEX i1 ON t1(b, c, a);
**
** then aiMap[] is populated with {2, 0, 1}.
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
int sqlite3FindInIndex(
  Parse *pParse,             /* Parsing context */
  Expr *pX,                  /* The IN expression */
  u32 inFlags,               /* IN_INDEX_LOOP, _MEMBERSHIP, and/or _NOOP_OK */
  int *prRhsHasNull,         /* Register holding NULL status.  See notes */
  int *aiMap,                /* Mapping from Index fields to RHS fields */
  int *piTab                 /* OUT: index to use */
){
  Select *p;                            /* SELECT to the right of IN operator */
  int eType = 0;                        /* Type of RHS table. IN_INDEX_* */
................................................................................
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP4(v, addr, (void *)pKeyInfo, P4_KEYINFO);
  }
  if( addrOnce ){
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrOnce);
    /* Subroutine return */
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Return, pExpr->y.sub.regReturn);
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP1(v, pExpr->y.sub.iAddr-1, sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)-1);
    sqlite3ClearTempRegCache(pParse);
  }
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY */

/*
** Generate code for scalar subqueries used as a subquery expression
** or EXISTS operator:
**
**     (SELECT a FROM b)          -- subquery
**     EXISTS (SELECT a FROM b)   -- EXISTS subquery
**
** The pExpr parameter is the SELECT or EXISTS operator to be coded.
**
** Return the register that holds the result.  For a multi-column SELECT, 
** the result is stored in a contiguous array of registers and the
** return value is the register of the left-most result column.
** Return 0 if an error occurs.
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
int sqlite3CodeSubselect(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr){
  int addrOnce = 0;           /* Address of OP_Once at top of subroutine */
................................................................................
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Null, 0, dest.iSDParm, dest.iSDParm+nReg-1);
    VdbeComment((v, "Init subquery result"));
  }else{
    dest.eDest = SRT_Exists;
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 0, dest.iSDParm);
    VdbeComment((v, "Init EXISTS result"));
  }

  if( pSel->pLimit ){
    /* The subquery already has a limit.  If the pre-existing limit is X
    ** then make the new limit X<>0 so that the new limit is either 1 or 0 */
    sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
    pLimit = sqlite3Expr(db, TK_INTEGER, "0");
    if( pLimit ){
      pLimit->affExpr = SQLITE_AFF_NUMERIC;
      pLimit = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_NE,
                            sqlite3ExprDup(db, pSel->pLimit->pLeft, 0), pLimit);
    }
    sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pSel->pLimit->pLeft);
    pSel->pLimit->pLeft = pLimit;
  }else{
    /* If there is no pre-existing limit add a limit of 1 */
    pLimit = sqlite3Expr(pParse->db, TK_INTEGER, "1");
    pSel->pLimit = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_LIMIT, pLimit, 0);
  }
  pSel->iLimit = 0;
  if( sqlite3Select(pParse, pSel, &dest) ){
    return 0;
  }
  pExpr->iTable = rReg = dest.iSDParm;
................................................................................
  ExprSetVVAProperty(pExpr, EP_NoReduce);
  if( addrOnce ){
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrOnce);

    /* Subroutine return */
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Return, pExpr->y.sub.regReturn);
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP1(v, pExpr->y.sub.iAddr-1, sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)-1);
    sqlite3ClearTempRegCache(pParse);
  }

  return rReg;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
................................................................................
  if( eType==IN_INDEX_NOOP ){
    ExprList *pList = pExpr->x.pList;
    CollSeq *pColl = sqlite3ExprCollSeq(pParse, pExpr->pLeft);
    int labelOk = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
    int r2, regToFree;
    int regCkNull = 0;
    int ii;
    int bLhsReal;  /* True if the LHS of the IN has REAL affinity */
    assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_xIsSelect) );
    if( destIfNull!=destIfFalse ){
      regCkNull = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_BitAnd, rLhs, rLhs, regCkNull);
    }
    bLhsReal = sqlite3ExprAffinity(pExpr->pLeft)==SQLITE_AFF_REAL;
    for(ii=0; ii<pList->nExpr; ii++){
      if( bLhsReal ){
        r2 = regToFree = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
        sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pList->a[ii].pExpr, r2);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_Affinity, r2, 1, 0, "E", P4_STATIC);
      }else{
        r2 = sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(pParse, pList->a[ii].pExpr, &regToFree);
      }
      if( regCkNull && sqlite3ExprCanBeNull(pList->a[ii].pExpr) ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_BitAnd, regCkNull, r2, regCkNull);
      }
      if( ii<pList->nExpr-1 || destIfNull!=destIfFalse ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_Eq, rLhs, labelOk, r2,
                          (void*)pColl, P4_COLLSEQ);
        VdbeCoverageIf(v, ii<pList->nExpr-1);
................................................................................
    pParse->iSelfTab = 0;
  }else{
    sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(pParse->pVdbe, pIdx->pTable, iTabCur,
                                    iTabCol, regOut);
  }
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
/*
** Generate code that will compute the value of generated column pCol
** and store the result in register regOut
*/
void sqlite3ExprCodeGeneratedColumn(
  Parse *pParse,
  Column *pCol,
  int regOut
){
  sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pCol->pDflt, regOut);
  if( pCol->affinity>=SQLITE_AFF_TEXT ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(pParse->pVdbe, OP_Affinity, regOut, 1, 0,
                      &pCol->affinity, 1);
  }
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS */

/*
** Generate code to extract the value of the iCol-th column of a table.
*/
void sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(
  Vdbe *v,        /* Parsing context */
  Table *pTab,    /* The table containing the value */
  int iTabCur,    /* The table cursor.  Or the PK cursor for WITHOUT ROWID */
  int iCol,       /* Index of the column to extract */
  int regOut      /* Extract the value into this register */
){
  Column *pCol;
  assert( v!=0 );
  if( pTab==0 ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, iTabCur, iCol, regOut);
    return;
  }
  if( iCol<0 || iCol==pTab->iPKey ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rowid, iTabCur, regOut);
  }else{
    int op;
    int x;
    if( IsVirtual(pTab) ){
      op = OP_VColumn;
      x = iCol;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
    }else if( (pCol = &pTab->aCol[iCol])->colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL ){
      Parse *pParse = sqlite3VdbeParser(v);
      if( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_BUSY ){
        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "generated column loop on \"%s\"", pCol->zName);
      }else{
        int savedSelfTab = pParse->iSelfTab;
        pCol->colFlags |= COLFLAG_BUSY;
        pParse->iSelfTab = iTabCur+1;
        sqlite3ExprCodeGeneratedColumn(pParse, pCol, regOut);
        pParse->iSelfTab = savedSelfTab;
        pCol->colFlags &= ~COLFLAG_BUSY;
      }
      return;
#endif
    }else if( !HasRowid(pTab) ){
      testcase( iCol!=sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(pTab, iCol) );
      x = sqlite3TableColumnToIndex(sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(pTab), iCol);
      op = OP_Column;
    }else{
      x = sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(pTab,iCol);
      testcase( x!=iCol );
      op = OP_Column;
    }
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, op, iTabCur, x, regOut);


    sqlite3ColumnDefault(v, pTab, iCol, regOut);
  }
}

/*
** Generate code that will extract the iColumn-th column from
** table pTab and store the column value in register iReg. 
................................................................................
  Parse *pParse,   /* Parsing and code generating context */
  Table *pTab,     /* Description of the table we are reading from */
  int iColumn,     /* Index of the table column */
  int iTable,      /* The cursor pointing to the table */
  int iReg,        /* Store results here */
  u8 p5            /* P5 value for OP_Column + FLAGS */
){
  assert( pParse->pVdbe!=0 );

  sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(pParse->pVdbe, pTab, iTable, iColumn, iReg);
  if( p5 ){
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(pParse->pVdbe, p5);
  }
  return iReg;
}

/*
** Generate code to move content from registers iFrom...iFrom+nReg-1
** over to iTo..iTo+nReg-1.
................................................................................

/*
** Convert a scalar expression node to a TK_REGISTER referencing
** register iReg.  The caller must ensure that iReg already contains
** the correct value for the expression.
*/
static void exprToRegister(Expr *pExpr, int iReg){
  Expr *p = sqlite3ExprSkipCollateAndLikely(pExpr);
  p->op2 = p->op;
  p->op = TK_REGISTER;
  p->iTable = iReg;
  ExprClearProperty(p, EP_Skip);
}

/*
................................................................................
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_Affinity, iReg, 1, 0,
                            &zAff[(aff-'B')*2], P4_STATIC);
        }
        return iReg;
      }
      if( iTab<0 ){
        if( pParse->iSelfTab<0 ){
          /* Other columns in the same row for CHECK constraints or
          ** generated columns or for inserting into partial index.
          ** The row is unpacked into registers beginning at
          ** 0-(pParse->iSelfTab).  The rowid (if any) is in a register
          ** immediately prior to the first column.
          */
          Column *pCol;
          Table *pTab = pExpr->y.pTab;
          int iSrc;
          int iCol = pExpr->iColumn;
          assert( pTab!=0 );
          assert( iCol>=XN_ROWID );
          assert( iCol<pExpr->y.pTab->nCol );
          if( iCol<0 ){
            return -1-pParse->iSelfTab;
          }
          pCol = pTab->aCol + iCol;
          testcase( iCol!=sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(pTab,iCol) );
          iSrc = sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(pTab, iCol) - pParse->iSelfTab;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
          if( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_GENERATED ){
            if( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_BUSY ){
              sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "generated column loop on \"%s\"",
                              pCol->zName);
              return 0;
            }
            pCol->colFlags |= COLFLAG_BUSY;
            if( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_NOTAVAIL ){
              sqlite3ExprCodeGeneratedColumn(pParse, pCol, iSrc);
            }
            pCol->colFlags &= ~(COLFLAG_BUSY|COLFLAG_NOTAVAIL);
            return iSrc;
          }else
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS */
          if( pCol->affinity==SQLITE_AFF_REAL ){
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_SCopy, iSrc, target);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_RealAffinity, target);
            return target;
          }else{
            return iSrc;
          }
        }else{
          /* Coding an expression that is part of an index where column names
          ** in the index refer to the table to which the index belongs */
          iTab = pParse->iSelfTab - 1;
        }
      }
      return sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumn(pParse, pExpr->y.pTab,
................................................................................
      Expr *pLeft = pExpr->pLeft;
      if( sqlite3ExprIsVector(pLeft) ){
        codeVectorCompare(pParse, pExpr, target, op, p5);
      }else{
        r1 = sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(pParse, pLeft, &regFree1);
        r2 = sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(pParse, pExpr->pRight, &regFree2);
        codeCompare(pParse, pLeft, pExpr->pRight, op,
            r1, r2, inReg, SQLITE_STOREP2 | p5,
            ExprHasProperty(pExpr,EP_Commuted));
        assert(TK_LT==OP_Lt); testcase(op==OP_Lt); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Lt);
        assert(TK_LE==OP_Le); testcase(op==OP_Le); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Le);
        assert(TK_GT==OP_Gt); testcase(op==OP_Gt); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Gt);
        assert(TK_GE==OP_Ge); testcase(op==OP_Ge); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Ge);
        assert(TK_EQ==OP_Eq); testcase(op==OP_Eq); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Eq);
        assert(TK_NE==OP_Ne); testcase(op==OP_Ne); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Ne);
        testcase( regFree1==0 );
................................................................................
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Offset, pArg->iTable, pArg->iColumn, target);
        }else{
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, target);
        }
      }else
#endif
      {
        sqlite3VdbeAddFunctionCall(pParse, constMask, r1, target, nFarg,
                                   pDef, pExpr->op2);

      }
      if( nFarg && constMask==0 ){
        sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(pParse, r1, nFarg);
      }
      return target;
    }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
................................................................................
    }
    case TK_SELECT_COLUMN: {
      int n;
      if( pExpr->pLeft->iTable==0 ){
        pExpr->pLeft->iTable = sqlite3CodeSubselect(pParse, pExpr->pLeft);
      }
      assert( pExpr->iTable==0 || pExpr->pLeft->op==TK_SELECT );
      if( pExpr->iTable!=0
       && pExpr->iTable!=(n = sqlite3ExprVectorSize(pExpr->pLeft))
      ){
        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "%d columns assigned %d values",
                                pExpr->iTable, n);
      }
      return pExpr->pLeft->iTable + pExpr->iColumn;
    }
    case TK_IN: {
................................................................................
      ** Then p1 is interpreted as follows:
      **
      **   p1==0   ->    old.rowid     p1==3   ->    new.rowid
      **   p1==1   ->    old.a         p1==4   ->    new.a
      **   p1==2   ->    old.b         p1==5   ->    new.b       
      */
      Table *pTab = pExpr->y.pTab;
      int iCol = pExpr->iColumn;
      int p1 = pExpr->iTable * (pTab->nCol+1) + 1 
                     + (iCol>=0 ? sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(pTab, iCol) : -1);

      assert( pExpr->iTable==0 || pExpr->iTable==1 );

      assert( iCol>=-1 && iCol<pTab->nCol );
      assert( pTab->iPKey<0 || iCol!=pTab->iPKey );
      assert( p1>=0 && p1<(pTab->nCol*2+2) );

      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Param, p1, target);
      VdbeComment((v, "r[%d]=%s.%s", target,
        (pExpr->iTable ? "new" : "old"),
        (pExpr->iColumn<0 ? "rowid" : pExpr->y.pTab->aCol[iCol].zName)
      ));

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
      /* If the column has REAL affinity, it may currently be stored as an
      ** integer. Use OP_RealAffinity to make sure it is really real.
      **
      ** EVIDENCE-OF: R-60985-57662 SQLite will convert the value back to
      ** floating point when extracting it from the record.  */

      if( iCol>=0 && pTab->aCol[iCol].affinity==SQLITE_AFF_REAL ){

        sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_RealAffinity, target);
      }
#endif
      break;
    }

    case TK_VECTOR: {
................................................................................
**
** If pExpr is a constant, then this routine might generate this
** code to fill the register in the initialization section of the
** VDBE program, in order to factor it out of the evaluation loop.
*/
int sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int *pReg){
  int r2;
  pExpr = sqlite3ExprSkipCollateAndLikely(pExpr);
  if( ConstFactorOk(pParse)
   && pExpr->op!=TK_REGISTER
   && sqlite3ExprIsConstantNotJoin(pExpr)
  ){
    *pReg  = 0;
    r2 = sqlite3ExprCodeAtInit(pParse, pExpr, -1);
  }else{
................................................................................
** results in register target.  The results are guaranteed to appear
** in register target.
*/
void sqlite3ExprCode(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int target){
  int inReg;

  assert( target>0 && target<=pParse->nMem );



  inReg = sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(pParse, pExpr, target);
  assert( pParse->pVdbe!=0 || pParse->db->mallocFailed );
  if( inReg!=target && pParse->pVdbe ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(pParse->pVdbe, OP_SCopy, inReg, target);

  }
}

/*
** Make a transient copy of expression pExpr and then code it using
** sqlite3ExprCode().  This routine works just like sqlite3ExprCode()
** except that the input expression is guaranteed to be unchanged.
................................................................................
  if( pParse->okConstFactor && sqlite3ExprIsConstantNotJoin(pExpr) ){
    sqlite3ExprCodeAtInit(pParse, pExpr, target);
  }else{
    sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pExpr, target);
  }
}

























/*
** Generate code that pushes the value of every element of the given
** expression list into a sequence of registers beginning at target.
**
** Return the number of elements evaluated.  The number returned will
** usually be pList->nExpr but might be reduced if SQLITE_ECEL_OMITREF
** is defined.
................................................................................
    case TK_NE:
    case TK_EQ: {
      if( sqlite3ExprIsVector(pExpr->pLeft) ) goto default_expr;
      testcase( jumpIfNull==0 );
      r1 = sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(pParse, pExpr->pLeft, &regFree1);
      r2 = sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(pParse, pExpr->pRight, &regFree2);
      codeCompare(pParse, pExpr->pLeft, pExpr->pRight, op,
                  r1, r2, dest, jumpIfNull, ExprHasProperty(pExpr,EP_Commuted));
      assert(TK_LT==OP_Lt); testcase(op==OP_Lt); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Lt);
      assert(TK_LE==OP_Le); testcase(op==OP_Le); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Le);
      assert(TK_GT==OP_Gt); testcase(op==OP_Gt); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Gt);
      assert(TK_GE==OP_Ge); testcase(op==OP_Ge); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Ge);
      assert(TK_EQ==OP_Eq); testcase(op==OP_Eq);
      VdbeCoverageIf(v, op==OP_Eq && jumpIfNull==SQLITE_NULLEQ);
      VdbeCoverageIf(v, op==OP_Eq && jumpIfNull!=SQLITE_NULLEQ);
................................................................................
    case TK_NE:
    case TK_EQ: {
      if( sqlite3ExprIsVector(pExpr->pLeft) ) goto default_expr;
      testcase( jumpIfNull==0 );
      r1 = sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(pParse, pExpr->pLeft, &regFree1);
      r2 = sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(pParse, pExpr->pRight, &regFree2);
      codeCompare(pParse, pExpr->pLeft, pExpr->pRight, op,
                  r1, r2, dest, jumpIfNull,ExprHasProperty(pExpr,EP_Commuted));
      assert(TK_LT==OP_Lt); testcase(op==OP_Lt); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Lt);
      assert(TK_LE==OP_Le); testcase(op==OP_Le); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Le);
      assert(TK_GT==OP_Gt); testcase(op==OP_Gt); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Gt);
      assert(TK_GE==OP_Ge); testcase(op==OP_Ge); VdbeCoverageIf(v,op==OP_Ge);
      assert(TK_EQ==OP_Eq); testcase(op==OP_Eq);
      VdbeCoverageIf(v, op==OP_Eq && jumpIfNull!=SQLITE_NULLEQ);
      VdbeCoverageIf(v, op==OP_Eq && jumpIfNull==SQLITE_NULLEQ);
................................................................................
      return 0;
    }else if( pA->op==TK_COLLATE ){
      if( sqlite3_stricmp(pA->u.zToken,pB->u.zToken)!=0 ) return 2;
    }else if( ALWAYS(pB->u.zToken!=0) && strcmp(pA->u.zToken,pB->u.zToken)!=0 ){
      return 2;
    }
  }
  if( (pA->flags & (EP_Distinct|EP_Commuted))
     != (pB->flags & (EP_Distinct|EP_Commuted)) ) return 2;
  if( (combinedFlags & EP_TokenOnly)==0 ){
    if( combinedFlags & EP_xIsSelect ) return 2;
    if( (combinedFlags & EP_FixedCol)==0
     && sqlite3ExprCompare(pParse, pA->pLeft, pB->pLeft, iTab) ) return 2;
    if( sqlite3ExprCompare(pParse, pA->pRight, pB->pRight, iTab) ) return 2;
    if( sqlite3ExprListCompare(pA->x.pList, pB->x.pList, iTab) ) return 2;
    if( pA->op!=TK_STRING
     && pA->op!=TK_TRUEFALSE
     && (combinedFlags & EP_Reduced)==0
    ){
      if( pA->iColumn!=pB->iColumn ) return 2;
      if( pA->op2!=pB->op2 ){
        if( pA->op==TK_TRUTH ) return 2;
        if( pA->op==TK_FUNCTION && iTab<0 ){
          /* Ex: CREATE TABLE t1(a CHECK( a<julianday('now') ));
          **     INSERT INTO t1(a) VALUES(julianday('now')+10);
          ** Without this test, sqlite3ExprCodeAtInit() will run on the
          ** the julianday() of INSERT first, and remember that expression.
          ** Then sqlite3ExprCodeInit() will see the julianday() in the CHECK
          ** constraint as redundant, reusing the one from the INSERT, even
          ** though the julianday() in INSERT lacks the critical NC_IsCheck
          ** flag.  See ticket [830277d9db6c3ba1] (2019-10-30)
          */
          return 2;
        }
      }
      if( pA->op!=TK_IN && pA->iTable!=pB->iTable && pA->iTable!=iTab ){
        return 2;
      }
    }
  }
  return 0;
}

/*
** Compare two ExprList objects.  Return 0 if they are identical and 
................................................................................
  int i;
  if( pA==0 && pB==0 ) return 0;
  if( pA==0 || pB==0 ) return 1;
  if( pA->nExpr!=pB->nExpr ) return 1;
  for(i=0; i<pA->nExpr; i++){
    Expr *pExprA = pA->a[i].pExpr;
    Expr *pExprB = pB->a[i].pExpr;
    if( pA->a[i].sortFlags!=pB->a[i].sortFlags ) return 1;
    if( sqlite3ExprCompare(0, pExprA, pExprB, iTab) ) return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}

/*
** Like sqlite3ExprCompare() except COLLATE operators at the top-level
** are ignored.
*/
int sqlite3ExprCompareSkip(Expr *pA, Expr *pB, int iTab){
  return sqlite3ExprCompare(0,
             sqlite3ExprSkipCollateAndLikely(pA),
             sqlite3ExprSkipCollateAndLikely(pB),
             iTab);
}

/*
** Return non-zero if Expr p can only be true if pNN is not NULL.
**
** Or if seenNot is true, return non-zero if Expr p can only be
** non-NULL if pNN is not NULL
*/
static int exprImpliesNotNull(
  Parse *pParse,      /* Parsing context */
  Expr *p,            /* The expression to be checked */
  Expr *pNN,          /* The expression that is NOT NULL */
  int iTab,           /* Table being evaluated */
  int seenNot         /* Return true only if p can be any non-NULL value */
){
  assert( p );
  assert( pNN );
  if( sqlite3ExprCompare(pParse, p, pNN, iTab)==0 ){
    return pNN->op!=TK_NULL;
  }
  switch( p->op ){
    case TK_IN: {
      if( seenNot && ExprHasProperty(p, EP_xIsSelect) ) return 0;
      assert( ExprHasProperty(p,EP_xIsSelect)
           || (p->x.pList!=0 && p->x.pList->nExpr>0) );
      return exprImpliesNotNull(pParse, p->pLeft, pNN, iTab, 1);
    }
    case TK_BETWEEN: {
      ExprList *pList = p->x.pList;
      assert( pList!=0 );
      assert( pList->nExpr==2 );
      if( seenNot ) return 0;
      if( exprImpliesNotNull(pParse, pList->a[0].pExpr, pNN, iTab, 1)
       || exprImpliesNotNull(pParse, pList->a[1].pExpr, pNN, iTab, 1)
      ){
        return 1;
      }
      return exprImpliesNotNull(pParse, p->pLeft, pNN, iTab, 1);
    }
    case TK_EQ:
    case TK_NE:
    case TK_LT:
    case TK_LE:
    case TK_GT:
    case TK_GE:
    case TK_PLUS:
    case TK_MINUS:
    case TK_BITOR:
    case TK_LSHIFT:
    case TK_RSHIFT: 
    case TK_CONCAT: 
      seenNot = 1;
      /* Fall thru */
    case TK_STAR:
    case TK_REM:
    case TK_BITAND:

    case TK_SLASH: {



      if( exprImpliesNotNull(pParse, p->pRight, pNN, iTab, seenNot) ) return 1;
      /* Fall thru into the next case */
    }
    case TK_SPAN:
    case TK_COLLATE:

    case TK_UPLUS:
    case TK_UMINUS: {
      return exprImpliesNotNull(pParse, p->pLeft, pNN, iTab, seenNot);
    }
    case TK_TRUTH: {
      if( seenNot ) return 0;
      if( p->op2!=TK_IS ) return 0;
      return exprImpliesNotNull(pParse, p->pLeft, pNN, iTab, 1);
    }
    case TK_BITNOT:
    case TK_NOT: {
      return exprImpliesNotNull(pParse, p->pLeft, pNN, iTab, 1);
    }
  }
  return 0;
}

................................................................................
  ){
    return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}

/*
** This is the Expr node callback for sqlite3ExprImpliesNonNullRow().
** If the expression node requires that the table at pWalker->iCur
** have one or more non-NULL column, then set pWalker->eCode to 1 and abort.
**
** This routine controls an optimization.  False positives (setting
** pWalker->eCode to 1 when it should not be) are deadly, but false-negatives
** (never setting pWalker->eCode) is a harmless missed optimization.
*/
static int impliesNotNullRow(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
  testcase( pExpr->op==TK_AGG_COLUMN );
  testcase( pExpr->op==TK_AGG_FUNCTION );
  if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_FromJoin) ) return WRC_Prune;
  switch( pExpr->op ){
    case TK_ISNOT:

    case TK_ISNULL:
    case TK_NOTNULL:
    case TK_IS:
    case TK_OR:
    case TK_VECTOR:
    case TK_CASE:
    case TK_IN:
    case TK_FUNCTION:
    case TK_TRUTH:
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_ISNOT );

      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_ISNULL );
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_NOTNULL );
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_IS );
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_OR );
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_VECTOR );
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_CASE );
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_IN );
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_FUNCTION );
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_TRUTH );
      return WRC_Prune;
    case TK_COLUMN:
      if( pWalker->u.iCur==pExpr->iTable ){
        pWalker->eCode = 1;
        return WRC_Abort;
      }
      return WRC_Prune;

    case TK_AND:
      assert( pWalker->eCode==0 );
      sqlite3WalkExpr(pWalker, pExpr->pLeft);
      if( pWalker->eCode ){
        pWalker->eCode = 0;
        sqlite3WalkExpr(pWalker, pExpr->pRight);
      }
      return WRC_Prune;

    case TK_BETWEEN:
      sqlite3WalkExpr(pWalker, pExpr->pLeft);
      return WRC_Prune;

    /* Virtual tables are allowed to use constraints like x=NULL.  So
    ** a term of the form x=y does not prove that y is not null if x
    ** is the column of a virtual table */
    case TK_EQ:
    case TK_NE:
    case TK_LT:
    case TK_LE:
................................................................................
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_GT );
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_GE );
      if( (pExpr->pLeft->op==TK_COLUMN && IsVirtual(pExpr->pLeft->y.pTab))
       || (pExpr->pRight->op==TK_COLUMN && IsVirtual(pExpr->pRight->y.pTab))
      ){
       return WRC_Prune;
      }

    default:
      return WRC_Continue;
  }
}

/*
** Return true (non-zero) if expression p can only be true if at least
................................................................................
** an ordinary JOIN.  The p argument is the WHERE clause.  If the WHERE
** clause requires that some column of the right table of the LEFT JOIN
** be non-NULL, then the LEFT JOIN can be safely converted into an
** ordinary join.
*/
int sqlite3ExprImpliesNonNullRow(Expr *p, int iTab){
  Walker w;
  p = sqlite3ExprSkipCollateAndLikely(p);
  if( p==0 ) return 0;
  if( p->op==TK_NOTNULL ){
    p = p->pLeft;
  }else{
    while( p->op==TK_AND ){
      if( sqlite3ExprImpliesNonNullRow(p->pLeft, iTab) ) return 1;
      p = p->pRight;


    }
  }
  w.xExprCallback = impliesNotNullRow;
  w.xSelectCallback = 0;
  w.xSelectCallback2 = 0;
  w.eCode = 0;
  w.u.iCur = iTab;
................................................................................
** Check to see if there are references to columns in table 
** pWalker->u.pIdxCover->iCur can be satisfied using the index
** pWalker->u.pIdxCover->pIdx.
*/
static int exprIdxCover(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
  if( pExpr->op==TK_COLUMN
   && pExpr->iTable==pWalker->u.pIdxCover->iCur
   && sqlite3TableColumnToIndex(pWalker->u.pIdxCover->pIdx, pExpr->iColumn)<0
  ){
    pWalker->eCode = 1;
    return WRC_Abort;
  }
  return WRC_Continue;
}

................................................................................
    SrcList *pSrc = p->pSrc;
    int nSrc = pSrc ? pSrc->nSrc : 0;
    for(i=0; i<nSrc; i++){
      if( pExpr->iTable==pSrc->a[i].iCursor ) break;
    }
    if( i<nSrc ){
      p->nThis++;
    }else if( nSrc==0 || pExpr->iTable<pSrc->a[0].iCursor ){
      /* In a well-formed parse tree (no name resolution errors),
      ** TK_COLUMN nodes with smaller Expr.iTable values are in an
      ** outer context.  Those are the only ones to count as "other" */
      p->nOther++;
    }
  }
  return WRC_Continue;
}

/*
................................................................................
** has no arguments or has only constant arguments.  Return false if pExpr
** references columns but not columns of tables found in pSrcList.
*/
int sqlite3FunctionUsesThisSrc(Expr *pExpr, SrcList *pSrcList){
  Walker w;
  struct SrcCount cnt;
  assert( pExpr->op==TK_AGG_FUNCTION );
  memset(&w, 0, sizeof(w));
  w.xExprCallback = exprSrcCount;
  w.xSelectCallback = sqlite3SelectWalkNoop;
  w.u.pSrcCount = &cnt;
  cnt.pSrc = pSrcList;
  cnt.nThis = 0;
  cnt.nOther = 0;
  sqlite3WalkExprList(&w, pExpr->x.pList);
  return cnt.nThis>0 || cnt.nOther==0;
}
................................................................................
    pParse->nRangeReg = nReg;
    pParse->iRangeReg = iReg;
  }
}

/*
** Mark all temporary registers as being unavailable for reuse.
**
** Always invoke this procedure after coding a subroutine or co-routine
** that might be invoked from other parts of the code, to ensure that
** the sub/co-routine does not use registers in common with the code that
** invokes the sub/co-routine.
*/
void sqlite3ClearTempRegCache(Parse *pParse){
  pParse->nTempReg = 0;
  pParse->nRangeReg = 0;
}

/*

  ** any are, then the constraint is considered satisfied. No need to 
  ** search for a matching row in the parent table.  */
  if( nIncr<0 ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_FkIfZero, pFKey->isDeferred, iOk);
    VdbeCoverage(v);
  }
  for(i=0; i<pFKey->nCol; i++){
    int iReg = aiCol[i] + regData + 1;
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IsNull, iReg, iOk); VdbeCoverage(v);
  }

  if( isIgnore==0 ){
    if( pIdx==0 ){
      /* If pIdx is NULL, then the parent key is the INTEGER PRIMARY KEY
      ** column of the parent table (table pTab).  */
................................................................................
      int regTemp = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
  
      /* Invoke MustBeInt to coerce the child key value to an integer (i.e. 
      ** apply the affinity of the parent key). If this fails, then there
      ** is no matching parent key. Before using MustBeInt, make a copy of
      ** the value. Otherwise, the value inserted into the child key column
      ** will have INTEGER affinity applied to it, which may not be correct.  */
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_SCopy, aiCol[0]+1+regData, regTemp);

      iMustBeInt = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_MustBeInt, regTemp, 0);
      VdbeCoverage(v);
  
      /* If the parent table is the same as the child table, and we are about
      ** to increment the constraint-counter (i.e. this is an INSERT operation),
      ** then check if the row being inserted matches itself. If so, do not
      ** increment the constraint-counter.  */
................................................................................
      int nCol = pFKey->nCol;
      int regTemp = sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, nCol);
      int regRec = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
  
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_OpenRead, iCur, pIdx->tnum, iDb);
      sqlite3VdbeSetP4KeyInfo(pParse, pIdx);
      for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Copy, aiCol[i]+1+regData, regTemp+i);


      }
  
      /* If the parent table is the same as the child table, and we are about
      ** to increment the constraint-counter (i.e. this is an INSERT operation),
      ** then check if the row being inserted matches itself. If so, do not
      ** increment the constraint-counter. 
      **
................................................................................
      ** itself. So set JUMPIFNULL to make sure we do the OP_Found if any
      ** of the parent-key values are NULL (at this point it is known that
      ** none of the child key values are).
      */
      if( pTab==pFKey->pFrom && nIncr==1 ){
        int iJump = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v) + nCol + 1;
        for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){

          int iChild = aiCol[i]+1+regData;


          int iParent = pIdx->aiColumn[i]+1+regData;
          assert( pIdx->aiColumn[i]>=0 );
          assert( aiCol[i]!=pTab->iPKey );
          if( pIdx->aiColumn[i]==pTab->iPKey ){
            /* The parent key is a composite key that includes the IPK column */
            iParent = regData;
          }
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Ne, iChild, iJump, iParent); VdbeCoverage(v);
................................................................................
  const char *zColl;
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;

  pExpr = sqlite3Expr(db, TK_REGISTER, 0);
  if( pExpr ){
    if( iCol>=0 && iCol!=pTab->iPKey ){
      pCol = &pTab->aCol[iCol];
      pExpr->iTable = regBase + iCol + 1;
      pExpr->affExpr = pCol->affinity;
      zColl = pCol->zColl;
      if( zColl==0 ) zColl = db->pDfltColl->zName;
      pExpr = sqlite3ExprAddCollateString(pParse, pExpr, zColl);
    }else{
      pExpr->iTable = regBase;
      pExpr->affExpr = SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER;
................................................................................
        ** If the parent table of an FK constraint on the current table is
        ** missing, behave as if it is empty. i.e. decrement the relevant
        ** FK counter for each row of the current table with non-NULL keys.
        */
        Vdbe *v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
        int iJump = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v) + pFKey->nCol + 1;
        for(i=0; i<pFKey->nCol; i++){

          int iReg = pFKey->aCol[i].iFrom + regOld + 1;

          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IsNull, iReg, iJump); VdbeCoverage(v);
        }
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_FkCounter, pFKey->isDeferred, -1);
      }
      continue;
    }
    assert( pFKey->nCol==1 || (aiFree && pIdx) );
................................................................................
      if( action!=OE_Restrict && (action!=OE_Cascade || pChanges) ){
        Expr *pNew;
        if( action==OE_Cascade ){
          pNew = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_DOT, 
            sqlite3ExprAlloc(db, TK_ID, &tNew, 0),
            sqlite3ExprAlloc(db, TK_ID, &tToCol, 0));
        }else if( action==OE_SetDflt ){
          Expr *pDflt = pFKey->pFrom->aCol[iFromCol].pDflt;








          if( pDflt ){
            pNew = sqlite3ExprDup(db, pDflt, 0);
          }else{
            pNew = sqlite3ExprAlloc(db, TK_NULL, 0, 0);
          }
        }else{
          pNew = sqlite3ExprAlloc(db, TK_NULL, 0, 0);
................................................................................
          pWhere,
          0, 0, 0, 0, 0
      );
      pWhere = 0;
    }

    /* Disable lookaside memory allocation */
    db->lookaside.bDisable++;

    pTrigger = (Trigger *)sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, 
        sizeof(Trigger) +         /* struct Trigger */
        sizeof(TriggerStep) +     /* Single step in trigger program */
        nFrom + 1                 /* Space for pStep->zTarget */
    );
    if( pTrigger ){
................................................................................
      if( pWhen ){
        pWhen = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_NOT, pWhen, 0);
        pTrigger->pWhen = sqlite3ExprDup(db, pWhen, EXPRDUP_REDUCE);
      }
    }

    /* Re-enable the lookaside buffer, if it was disabled earlier. */
    db->lookaside.bDisable--;

    sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pWhere);
    sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pWhen);
    sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pList);
    sqlite3SelectDelete(db, pSelect);
    if( db->mallocFailed==1 ){
      fkTriggerDelete(db, pTrigger);

  ** any are, then the constraint is considered satisfied. No need to 
  ** search for a matching row in the parent table.  */
  if( nIncr<0 ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_FkIfZero, pFKey->isDeferred, iOk);
    VdbeCoverage(v);
  }
  for(i=0; i<pFKey->nCol; i++){
    int iReg = sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(pFKey->pFrom,aiCol[i]) + regData + 1;
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IsNull, iReg, iOk); VdbeCoverage(v);
  }

  if( isIgnore==0 ){
    if( pIdx==0 ){
      /* If pIdx is NULL, then the parent key is the INTEGER PRIMARY KEY
      ** column of the parent table (table pTab).  */
................................................................................
      int regTemp = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
  
      /* Invoke MustBeInt to coerce the child key value to an integer (i.e. 
      ** apply the affinity of the parent key). If this fails, then there
      ** is no matching parent key. Before using MustBeInt, make a copy of
      ** the value. Otherwise, the value inserted into the child key column
      ** will have INTEGER affinity applied to it, which may not be correct.  */
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_SCopy, 
        sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(pFKey->pFrom,aiCol[0])+1+regData, regTemp);
      iMustBeInt = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_MustBeInt, regTemp, 0);
      VdbeCoverage(v);
  
      /* If the parent table is the same as the child table, and we are about
      ** to increment the constraint-counter (i.e. this is an INSERT operation),
      ** then check if the row being inserted matches itself. If so, do not
      ** increment the constraint-counter.  */
................................................................................
      int nCol = pFKey->nCol;
      int regTemp = sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, nCol);
      int regRec = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
  
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_OpenRead, iCur, pIdx->tnum, iDb);
      sqlite3VdbeSetP4KeyInfo(pParse, pIdx);
      for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Copy, 
               sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(pFKey->pFrom, aiCol[i])+1+regData,
               regTemp+i);
      }
  
      /* If the parent table is the same as the child table, and we are about
      ** to increment the constraint-counter (i.e. this is an INSERT operation),
      ** then check if the row being inserted matches itself. If so, do not
      ** increment the constraint-counter. 
      **
................................................................................
      ** itself. So set JUMPIFNULL to make sure we do the OP_Found if any
      ** of the parent-key values are NULL (at this point it is known that
      ** none of the child key values are).
      */
      if( pTab==pFKey->pFrom && nIncr==1 ){
        int iJump = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v) + nCol + 1;
        for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
          int iChild = sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(pFKey->pFrom,aiCol[i])
                              +1+regData;
          int iParent = 1+regData;
          iParent += sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(pIdx->pTable,
                                                 pIdx->aiColumn[i]);
          assert( pIdx->aiColumn[i]>=0 );
          assert( aiCol[i]!=pTab->iPKey );
          if( pIdx->aiColumn[i]==pTab->iPKey ){
            /* The parent key is a composite key that includes the IPK column */
            iParent = regData;
          }
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Ne, iChild, iJump, iParent); VdbeCoverage(v);
................................................................................
  const char *zColl;
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;

  pExpr = sqlite3Expr(db, TK_REGISTER, 0);
  if( pExpr ){
    if( iCol>=0 && iCol!=pTab->iPKey ){
      pCol = &pTab->aCol[iCol];
      pExpr->iTable = regBase + sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(pTab,iCol) + 1;
      pExpr->affExpr = pCol->affinity;
      zColl = pCol->zColl;
      if( zColl==0 ) zColl = db->pDfltColl->zName;
      pExpr = sqlite3ExprAddCollateString(pParse, pExpr, zColl);
    }else{
      pExpr->iTable = regBase;
      pExpr->affExpr = SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER;
................................................................................
        ** If the parent table of an FK constraint on the current table is
        ** missing, behave as if it is empty. i.e. decrement the relevant
        ** FK counter for each row of the current table with non-NULL keys.
        */
        Vdbe *v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
        int iJump = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v) + pFKey->nCol + 1;
        for(i=0; i<pFKey->nCol; i++){
          int iFromCol, iReg;
          iFromCol = pFKey->aCol[i].iFrom;
          iReg = sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(pFKey->pFrom,iFromCol) + regOld+1;
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IsNull, iReg, iJump); VdbeCoverage(v);
        }
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_FkCounter, pFKey->isDeferred, -1);
      }
      continue;
    }
    assert( pFKey->nCol==1 || (aiFree && pIdx) );
................................................................................
      if( action!=OE_Restrict && (action!=OE_Cascade || pChanges) ){
        Expr *pNew;
        if( action==OE_Cascade ){
          pNew = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_DOT, 
            sqlite3ExprAlloc(db, TK_ID, &tNew, 0),
            sqlite3ExprAlloc(db, TK_ID, &tToCol, 0));
        }else if( action==OE_SetDflt ){
          Column *pCol = pFKey->pFrom->aCol + iFromCol;
          Expr *pDflt;
          if( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_GENERATED ){
            testcase( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL );
            testcase( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_STORED );
            pDflt = 0;
          }else{
            pDflt = pCol->pDflt;
          }
          if( pDflt ){
            pNew = sqlite3ExprDup(db, pDflt, 0);
          }else{
            pNew = sqlite3ExprAlloc(db, TK_NULL, 0, 0);
          }
        }else{
          pNew = sqlite3ExprAlloc(db, TK_NULL, 0, 0);
................................................................................
          pWhere,
          0, 0, 0, 0, 0
      );
      pWhere = 0;
    }

    /* Disable lookaside memory allocation */
    DisableLookaside;

    pTrigger = (Trigger *)sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, 
        sizeof(Trigger) +         /* struct Trigger */
        sizeof(TriggerStep) +     /* Single step in trigger program */
        nFrom + 1                 /* Space for pStep->zTarget */
    );
    if( pTrigger ){
................................................................................
      if( pWhen ){
        pWhen = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_NOT, pWhen, 0);
        pTrigger->pWhen = sqlite3ExprDup(db, pWhen, EXPRDUP_REDUCE);
      }
    }

    /* Re-enable the lookaside buffer, if it was disabled earlier. */
    EnableLookaside;

    sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pWhere);
    sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pWhen);
    sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pList);
    sqlite3SelectDelete(db, pSelect);
    if( db->mallocFailed==1 ){
      fkTriggerDelete(db, pTrigger);

  const unsigned char *zNeedle;
  int nHaystack;
  int nNeedle;
  int typeHaystack, typeNeedle;
  int N = 1;
  int isText;
  unsigned char firstChar;



  UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
  typeHaystack = sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]);
  typeNeedle = sqlite3_value_type(argv[1]);
  if( typeHaystack==SQLITE_NULL || typeNeedle==SQLITE_NULL ) return;
  nHaystack = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]);
  nNeedle = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[1]);
  if( nNeedle>0 ){
    if( typeHaystack==SQLITE_BLOB && typeNeedle==SQLITE_BLOB ){
      zHaystack = sqlite3_value_blob(argv[0]);
      zNeedle = sqlite3_value_blob(argv[1]);
      isText = 0;
    }else{
      zHaystack = sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
      zNeedle = sqlite3_value_text(argv[1]);
      isText = 1;










    }
    if( zNeedle==0 || (nHaystack && zHaystack==0) ) return;
    firstChar = zNeedle[0];
    while( nNeedle<=nHaystack
       && (zHaystack[0]!=firstChar || memcmp(zHaystack, zNeedle, nNeedle)!=0)
    ){
      N++;
      do{
        nHaystack--;
        zHaystack++;
      }while( isText && (zHaystack[0]&0xc0)==0x80 );
    }
    if( nNeedle>nHaystack ) N = 0;
  }
  sqlite3_result_int(context, N);







}

/*
** Implementation of the printf() function.
*/
static void printfFunc(
  sqlite3_context *context,

  const unsigned char *zNeedle;
  int nHaystack;
  int nNeedle;
  int typeHaystack, typeNeedle;
  int N = 1;
  int isText;
  unsigned char firstChar;
  sqlite3_value *pC1 = 0;
  sqlite3_value *pC2 = 0;

  UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
  typeHaystack = sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]);
  typeNeedle = sqlite3_value_type(argv[1]);
  if( typeHaystack==SQLITE_NULL || typeNeedle==SQLITE_NULL ) return;
  nHaystack = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]);
  nNeedle = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[1]);
  if( nNeedle>0 ){
    if( typeHaystack==SQLITE_BLOB && typeNeedle==SQLITE_BLOB ){
      zHaystack = sqlite3_value_blob(argv[0]);
      zNeedle = sqlite3_value_blob(argv[1]);
      isText = 0;
    }else if( typeHaystack!=SQLITE_BLOB && typeNeedle!=SQLITE_BLOB ){
      zHaystack = sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
      zNeedle = sqlite3_value_text(argv[1]);
      isText = 1;
    }else{
      pC1 = sqlite3_value_dup(argv[0]);
      zHaystack = sqlite3_value_text(pC1);
      if( zHaystack==0 ) goto endInstrOOM;
      nHaystack = sqlite3_value_bytes(pC1);
      pC2 = sqlite3_value_dup(argv[1]);
      zNeedle = sqlite3_value_text(pC2);
      if( zNeedle==0 ) goto endInstrOOM;
      nNeedle = sqlite3_value_bytes(pC2);
      isText = 1;
    }
    if( zNeedle==0 || (nHaystack && zHaystack==0) ) goto endInstrOOM;
    firstChar = zNeedle[0];
    while( nNeedle<=nHaystack
       && (zHaystack[0]!=firstChar || memcmp(zHaystack, zNeedle, nNeedle)!=0)
    ){
      N++;
      do{
        nHaystack--;
        zHaystack++;
      }while( isText && (zHaystack[0]&0xc0)==0x80 );
    }
    if( nNeedle>nHaystack ) N = 0;
  }
  sqlite3_result_int(context, N);
endInstr:
  sqlite3_value_free(pC1);
  sqlite3_value_free(pC2);
  return;
endInstrOOM:
  sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
  goto endInstr;
}

/*
** Implementation of the printf() function.
*/
static void printfFunc(
  sqlite3_context *context,

/*
** Hash table for global functions - functions common to all
** database connections.  After initialization, this table is
** read-only.
*/
FuncDefHash sqlite3BuiltinFunctions;

/*
** Constant tokens for values 0 and 1.
*/
const Token sqlite3IntTokens[] = {
   { "0", 1 },
   { "1", 1 }
};

#ifdef VDBE_PROFILE
/*
** The following performance counter can be used in place of
** sqlite3Hwtime() for profiling.  This is a no-op on standard builds.
*/
sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3NProfileCnt = 0;
#endif

/*
** Hash table for global functions - functions common to all
** database connections.  After initialization, this table is
** read-only.
*/
FuncDefHash sqlite3BuiltinFunctions;









#ifdef VDBE_PROFILE
/*
** The following performance counter can be used in place of
** sqlite3Hwtime() for profiling.  This is a no-op on standard builds.
*/
sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3NProfileCnt = 0;
#endif

  Vdbe *v;
  assert( !IsVirtual(pTab) );
  v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
  assert( opcode==OP_OpenWrite || opcode==OP_OpenRead );
  sqlite3TableLock(pParse, iDb, pTab->tnum, 
                   (opcode==OP_OpenWrite)?1:0, pTab->zName);
  if( HasRowid(pTab) ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, opcode, iCur, pTab->tnum, iDb, pTab->nCol);
    VdbeComment((v, "%s", pTab->zName));
  }else{
    Index *pPk = sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(pTab);
    assert( pPk!=0 );
    assert( pPk->tnum==pTab->tnum );
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, opcode, iCur, pPk->tnum, iDb);
    sqlite3VdbeSetP4KeyInfo(pParse, pPk);
................................................................................
        aff = SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER;
      }else{
        assert( x==XN_EXPR );
        assert( pIdx->aColExpr!=0 );
        aff = sqlite3ExprAffinity(pIdx->aColExpr->a[n].pExpr);
      }
      if( aff<SQLITE_AFF_BLOB ) aff = SQLITE_AFF_BLOB;

      pIdx->zColAff[n] = aff;
    }
    pIdx->zColAff[n] = 0;
  }
 
  return pIdx->zColAff;
}
................................................................................
**  'A'            BLOB
**  'B'            TEXT
**  'C'            NUMERIC
**  'D'            INTEGER
**  'E'            REAL
*/
void sqlite3TableAffinity(Vdbe *v, Table *pTab, int iReg){
  int i;
  char *zColAff = pTab->zColAff;
  if( zColAff==0 ){
    sqlite3 *db = sqlite3VdbeDb(v);
    zColAff = (char *)sqlite3DbMallocRaw(0, pTab->nCol+1);
    if( !zColAff ){
      sqlite3OomFault(db);
      return;
    }

    for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
      assert( pTab->aCol[i].affinity!=0 );

      zColAff[i] = pTab->aCol[i].affinity;
    }

    do{
      zColAff[i--] = 0;
    }while( i>=0 && zColAff[i]<=SQLITE_AFF_BLOB );
    pTab->zColAff = zColAff;
  }
  assert( zColAff!=0 );
  i = sqlite3Strlen30NN(zColAff);
  if( i ){
    if( iReg ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_Affinity, iReg, i, 0, zColAff, i);
................................................................................
      assert( pOp->p4type==P4_VTAB );
      return 1;
    }
#endif
  }
  return 0;
}



















































































#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINCREMENT
/*
** Locate or create an AutoincInfo structure associated with table pTab
** which is in database iDb.  Return the register number for the register
** that holds the maximum rowid.  Return zero if pTab is not an AUTOINCREMENT
** table.  (Also return zero when doing a VACUUM since we do not want to
................................................................................
**         end loop
**      D: cleanup
*/
void sqlite3Insert(
  Parse *pParse,        /* Parser context */
  SrcList *pTabList,    /* Name of table into which we are inserting */
  Select *pSelect,      /* A SELECT statement to use as the data source */
  IdList *pColumn,      /* Column names corresponding to IDLIST. */
  int onError,          /* How to handle constraint errors */
  Upsert *pUpsert       /* ON CONFLICT clauses for upsert, or NULL */
){
  sqlite3 *db;          /* The main database structure */
  Table *pTab;          /* The table to insert into.  aka TABLE */
  int i, j;             /* Loop counters */
  Vdbe *v;              /* Generate code into this virtual machine */
................................................................................
  SelectDest dest;      /* Destination for SELECT on rhs of INSERT */
  int iDb;              /* Index of database holding TABLE */
  u8 useTempTable = 0;  /* Store SELECT results in intermediate table */
  u8 appendFlag = 0;    /* True if the insert is likely to be an append */
  u8 withoutRowid;      /* 0 for normal table.  1 for WITHOUT ROWID table */
  u8 bIdListInOrder;    /* True if IDLIST is in table order */
  ExprList *pList = 0;  /* List of VALUES() to be inserted  */


  /* Register allocations */
  int regFromSelect = 0;/* Base register for data coming from SELECT */
  int regAutoinc = 0;   /* Register holding the AUTOINCREMENT counter */
  int regRowCount = 0;  /* Memory cell used for the row counter */
  int regIns;           /* Block of regs holding rowid+data being inserted */
  int regRowid;         /* registers holding insert rowid */
................................................................................
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_XFER_OPT */

  /* If this is an AUTOINCREMENT table, look up the sequence number in the
  ** sqlite_sequence table and store it in memory cell regAutoinc.
  */
  regAutoinc = autoIncBegin(pParse, iDb, pTab);

  /* Allocate registers for holding the rowid of the new row,
  ** the content of the new row, and the assembled row record.
  */
  regRowid = regIns = pParse->nMem+1;
  pParse->nMem += pTab->nCol + 1;
  if( IsVirtual(pTab) ){
    regRowid++;
    pParse->nMem++;
  }
................................................................................
  ** remember the column indices.
  **
  ** If the table has an INTEGER PRIMARY KEY column and that column
  ** is named in the IDLIST, then record in the ipkColumn variable
  ** the index into IDLIST of the primary key column.  ipkColumn is
  ** the index of the primary key as it appears in IDLIST, not as
  ** is appears in the original table.  (The index of the INTEGER
  ** PRIMARY KEY in the original table is pTab->iPKey.)








  */
  bIdListInOrder = (pTab->tabFlags & TF_OOOHidden)==0;
  if( pColumn ){
    for(i=0; i<pColumn->nId; i++){
      pColumn->a[i].idx = -1;
    }
    for(i=0; i<pColumn->nId; i++){
      for(j=0; j<pTab->nCol; j++){
        if( sqlite3StrICmp(pColumn->a[i].zName, pTab->aCol[j].zName)==0 ){
          pColumn->a[i].idx = j;
          if( i!=j ) bIdListInOrder = 0;
          if( j==pTab->iPKey ){
            ipkColumn = i;  assert( !withoutRowid );
          }








          break;
        }
      }
      if( j>=pTab->nCol ){
        if( sqlite3IsRowid(pColumn->a[i].zName) && !withoutRowid ){
          ipkColumn = i;
          bIdListInOrder = 0;
................................................................................

  /* If there is no IDLIST term but the table has an integer primary
  ** key, the set the ipkColumn variable to the integer primary key 
  ** column index in the original table definition.
  */
  if( pColumn==0 && nColumn>0 ){
    ipkColumn = pTab->iPKey;













  }

  /* Make sure the number of columns in the source data matches the number
  ** of columns to be inserted into the table.
  */
  for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
    nHidden += (IsHiddenColumn(&pTab->aCol[i]) ? 1 : 0);
  }
  if( pColumn==0 && nColumn && nColumn!=(pTab->nCol-nHidden) ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
       "table %S has %d columns but %d values were supplied",
       pTabList, 0, pTab->nCol-nHidden, nColumn);
    goto insert_cleanup;
  }
................................................................................
  }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_UPSERT
  if( pUpsert ){
    if( IsVirtual(pTab) ){
      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "UPSERT not implemented for virtual table \"%s\"",
              pTab->zName);
      goto insert_cleanup;



    }
    pTabList->a[0].iCursor = iDataCur;
    pUpsert->pUpsertSrc = pTabList;
    pUpsert->regData = regData;
    pUpsert->iDataCur = iDataCur;
    pUpsert->iIdxCur = iIdxCur;
    if( pUpsert->pUpsertTarget ){
................................................................................
    **      C: yield X, at EOF goto D
    **         insert the select result into <table> from R..R+n
    **         goto C
    **      D: ...
    */
    addrInsTop = addrCont = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Yield, dest.iSDParm);
    VdbeCoverage(v);





  }












































































  /* Run the BEFORE and INSTEAD OF triggers, if there are any
  */
  endOfLoop = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
  if( tmask & TRIGGER_BEFORE ){
    int regCols = sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, pTab->nCol+1);

................................................................................
    }

    /* Cannot have triggers on a virtual table. If it were possible,
    ** this block would have to account for hidden column.
    */
    assert( !IsVirtual(pTab) );

    /* Create the new column data
    */
    for(i=j=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
      if( pColumn ){
        for(j=0; j<pColumn->nId; j++){
          if( pColumn->a[j].idx==i ) break;
        }
      }
      if( (!useTempTable && !pList) || (pColumn && j>=pColumn->nId)
            || (pColumn==0 && IsOrdinaryHiddenColumn(&pTab->aCol[i])) ){
        sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pTab->aCol[i].pDflt, regCols+i+1);
      }else if( useTempTable ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, srcTab, j, regCols+i+1); 
      }else{
        assert( pSelect==0 ); /* Otherwise useTempTable is true */
        sqlite3ExprCodeAndCache(pParse, pList->a[j].pExpr, regCols+i+1);
      }
      if( pColumn==0 && !IsOrdinaryHiddenColumn(&pTab->aCol[i]) ) j++;
    }

    /* If this is an INSERT on a view with an INSTEAD OF INSERT trigger,
    ** do not attempt any conversions before assembling the record.
    ** If this is a real table, attempt conversions as required by the
    ** table column affinities.
    */
    if( !isView ){
................................................................................
    /* Fire BEFORE or INSTEAD OF triggers */
    sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(pParse, pTrigger, TK_INSERT, 0, TRIGGER_BEFORE, 
        pTab, regCols-pTab->nCol-1, onError, endOfLoop);

    sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(pParse, regCols, pTab->nCol+1);
  }

  /* Compute the content of the next row to insert into a range of
  ** registers beginning at regIns.
  */
  if( !isView ){
    if( IsVirtual(pTab) ){
      /* The row that the VUpdate opcode will delete: none */
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, regIns);
    }
    if( ipkColumn>=0 ){

      if( useTempTable ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, srcTab, ipkColumn, regRowid);
      }else if( pSelect ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Copy, regFromSelect+ipkColumn, regRowid);
      }else{
        Expr *pIpk = pList->a[ipkColumn].pExpr;
        if( pIpk->op==TK_NULL && !IsVirtual(pTab) ){
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_NewRowid, iDataCur, regRowid, regAutoinc);
          appendFlag = 1;
        }else{
          sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pList->a[ipkColumn].pExpr, regRowid);
................................................................................
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, regRowid);
    }else{
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_NewRowid, iDataCur, regRowid, regAutoinc);
      appendFlag = 1;
    }
    autoIncStep(pParse, regAutoinc, regRowid);

    /* Compute data for all columns of the new entry, beginning
    ** with the first column.
    */
    nHidden = 0;
    for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
      int iRegStore = regRowid+1+i;
      if( i==pTab->iPKey ){
        /* The value of the INTEGER PRIMARY KEY column is always a NULL.
        ** Whenever this column is read, the rowid will be substituted
        ** in its place.  Hence, fill this column with a NULL to avoid
        ** taking up data space with information that will never be used.
        ** As there may be shallow copies of this value, make it a soft-NULL */
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_SoftNull, iRegStore);
        continue;
      }
      if( pColumn==0 ){
        if( IsHiddenColumn(&pTab->aCol[i]) ){
          j = -1;
          nHidden++;
        }else{
          j = i - nHidden;
        }
      }else{
        for(j=0; j<pColumn->nId; j++){
          if( pColumn->a[j].idx==i ) break;
        }
      }
      if( j<0 || nColumn==0 || (pColumn && j>=pColumn->nId) ){
        sqlite3ExprCodeFactorable(pParse, pTab->aCol[i].pDflt, iRegStore);
      }else if( useTempTable ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, srcTab, j, iRegStore); 
      }else if( pSelect ){
        if( regFromSelect!=regData ){
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_SCopy, regFromSelect+j, iRegStore);
        }
      }else{
        sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pList->a[j].pExpr, iRegStore);
      }
    }


    /* Generate code to check constraints and generate index keys and
    ** do the insertion.
    */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
    if( IsVirtual(pTab) ){
      const char *pVTab = (const char *)sqlite3GetVTable(db, pTab);
................................................................................
      ** constraints or (b) there are no triggers and this table is not a
      ** parent table in a foreign key constraint. It is safe to set the
      ** flag in the second case as if any REPLACE constraint is hit, an
      ** OP_Delete or OP_IdxDelete instruction will be executed on each 
      ** cursor that is disturbed. And these instructions both clear the
      ** VdbeCursor.seekResult variable, disabling the OPFLAG_USESEEKRESULT
      ** functionality.  */
      bUseSeek = (isReplace==0 || (pTrigger==0 &&
          ((db->flags & SQLITE_ForeignKeys)==0 || sqlite3FkReferences(pTab)==0)
      ));
      sqlite3CompleteInsertion(pParse, pTab, iDataCur, iIdxCur,
          regIns, aRegIdx, 0, appendFlag, bUseSeek
      );
    }
  }

  /* Update the count of rows that are inserted
................................................................................
  Index *pUpIdx = 0;   /* Index to which to apply the upsert */
  u8 isUpdate;         /* True if this is an UPDATE operation */
  u8 bAffinityDone = 0;  /* True if the OP_Affinity operation has been run */
  int upsertBypass = 0;  /* Address of Goto to bypass upsert subroutine */
  int upsertJump = 0;    /* Address of Goto that jumps into upsert subroutine */
  int ipkTop = 0;        /* Top of the IPK uniqueness check */
  int ipkBottom = 0;     /* OP_Goto at the end of the IPK uniqueness check */








  isUpdate = regOldData!=0;
  db = pParse->db;
  v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
  assert( v!=0 );
  assert( pTab->pSelect==0 );  /* This table is not a VIEW */
  nCol = pTab->nCol;
................................................................................

  /* Record that this module has started */
  VdbeModuleComment((v, "BEGIN: GenCnstCks(%d,%d,%d,%d,%d)",
                     iDataCur, iIdxCur, regNewData, regOldData, pkChng));

  /* Test all NOT NULL constraints.
  */

  for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){



    if( i==pTab->iPKey ){
      continue;        /* ROWID is never NULL */
    }
    if( aiChng && aiChng[i]<0 ){
      /* Don't bother checking for NOT NULL on columns that do not change */
      continue;
    }
    onError = pTab->aCol[i].notNull;
    if( onError==OE_None ) continue;  /* This column is allowed to be NULL */
    if( overrideError!=OE_Default ){
      onError = overrideError;
    }else if( onError==OE_Default ){
      onError = OE_Abort;
    }
    if( onError==OE_Replace && pTab->aCol[i].pDflt==0 ){
      onError = OE_Abort;
    }
    assert( onError==OE_Rollback || onError==OE_Abort || onError==OE_Fail
        || onError==OE_Ignore || onError==OE_Replace );
    addr1 = 0;




    switch( onError ){
      case OE_Replace: {
        assert( onError==OE_Replace );
        addr1 = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_NotNull, regNewData+1+i, addr1);
          VdbeCoverage(v);

        sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pTab->aCol[i].pDflt, regNewData+1+i);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_NotNull, regNewData+1+i, addr1);
          VdbeCoverage(v);

        onError = OE_Abort;
        /* Fall through into the OE_Abort case to generate code that runs
        ** if both the input and the default value are NULL */
      }
      case OE_Abort:
        sqlite3MayAbort(pParse);
        /* Fall through */
      case OE_Rollback:
      case OE_Fail: {
        char *zMsg = sqlite3MPrintf(db, "%s.%s", pTab->zName,
                                    pTab->aCol[i].zName);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_HaltIfNull, SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL, onError,
                          regNewData+1+i);

        sqlite3VdbeAppendP4(v, zMsg, P4_DYNAMIC);
        sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, P5_ConstraintNotNull);
        VdbeCoverage(v);
        if( addr1 ) sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, addr1);
        break;
      }
      default: {
        assert( onError==OE_Ignore );
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IsNull, regNewData+1+i, ignoreDest);
        VdbeCoverage(v);
        break;

      }
    }
  }

  /* Test all CHECK constraints
  */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_CHECK
................................................................................
    }else if( (pUpIdx = pUpsert->pUpsertIdx)!=0 ){
      /* If the constraint-target uniqueness check must be run first.
      ** Jump to that uniqueness check now */
      upsertJump = sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(v, OP_Goto);
      VdbeComment((v, "UPSERT constraint goes first"));
    }
  }













































  /* If rowid is changing, make sure the new rowid does not previously
  ** exist in the table.
  */
  if( pkChng && pPk==0 ){
    int addrRowidOk = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);

................................................................................
        ** but being more selective here allows statements like:
        **
        **   REPLACE INTO t(rowid) VALUES($newrowid)
        **
        ** to run without a statement journal if there are no indexes on the
        ** table.
        */
        Trigger *pTrigger = 0;
        if( db->flags&SQLITE_RecTriggers ){
          pTrigger = sqlite3TriggersExist(pParse, pTab, TK_DELETE, 0, 0);
        }
        if( pTrigger || sqlite3FkRequired(pParse, pTab, 0, 0) ){
          sqlite3MultiWrite(pParse);
          sqlite3GenerateRowDelete(pParse, pTab, pTrigger, iDataCur, iIdxCur,
                                   regNewData, 1, 0, OE_Replace, 1, -1);


        }else{
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
          assert( HasRowid(pTab) );
          /* This OP_Delete opcode fires the pre-update-hook only. It does
          ** not modify the b-tree. It is more efficient to let the coming
          ** OP_Insert replace the existing entry than it is to delete the
          ** existing entry and then insert a new one. */
................................................................................
  ** WITHOUT ROWID table.
  */
  for(ix=0, pIdx=pTab->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext, ix++){
    int regIdx;          /* Range of registers hold conent for pIdx */
    int regR;            /* Range of registers holding conflicting PK */
    int iThisCur;        /* Cursor for this UNIQUE index */
    int addrUniqueOk;    /* Jump here if the UNIQUE constraint is satisfied */


    if( aRegIdx[ix]==0 ) continue;  /* Skip indices that do not change */
    if( pUpIdx==pIdx ){
      addrUniqueOk = upsertJump+1;
      upsertBypass = sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, 0);
      VdbeComment((v, "Skip upsert subroutine"));
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, upsertJump);
................................................................................
      int iField = pIdx->aiColumn[i];
      int x;
      if( iField==XN_EXPR ){
        pParse->iSelfTab = -(regNewData+1);
        sqlite3ExprCodeCopy(pParse, pIdx->aColExpr->a[i].pExpr, regIdx+i);
        pParse->iSelfTab = 0;
        VdbeComment((v, "%s column %d", pIdx->zName, i));
      }else{
        if( iField==XN_ROWID || iField==pTab->iPKey ){
          x = regNewData;


        }else{

          x = iField + regNewData + 1;
        }
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, iField<0 ? OP_IntCopy : OP_SCopy, x, regIdx+i);
        VdbeComment((v, "%s", iField<0 ? "rowid" : pTab->aCol[iField].zName));
      }
    }
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, regIdx, pIdx->nColumn, aRegIdx[ix]);
    VdbeComment((v, "for %s", pIdx->zName));
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NULL_TRIM
    if( pIdx->idxType==SQLITE_IDXTYPE_PRIMARYKEY ){
      sqlite3SetMakeRecordP5(v, pIdx->pTable);
................................................................................
      sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, addrUniqueOk);
      continue;
    }
#endif /* ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK */

    /* Check to see if the new index entry will be unique */
    sqlite3VdbeVerifyAbortable(v, onError);

    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_NoConflict, iThisCur, addrUniqueOk,
                         regIdx, pIdx->nKeyCol); VdbeCoverage(v);

    /* Generate code to handle collisions */
    regR = (pIdx==pPk) ? regIdx : sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, nPkField);
    if( isUpdate || onError==OE_Replace ){
      if( HasRowid(pTab) ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IdxRowid, iThisCur, regR);
        /* Conflict only if the rowid of the existing index entry
................................................................................
      }else{
        int x;
        /* Extract the PRIMARY KEY from the end of the index entry and
        ** store it in registers regR..regR+nPk-1 */
        if( pIdx!=pPk ){
          for(i=0; i<pPk->nKeyCol; i++){
            assert( pPk->aiColumn[i]>=0 );
            x = sqlite3ColumnOfIndex(pIdx, pPk->aiColumn[i]);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, iThisCur, x, regR+i);
            VdbeComment((v, "%s.%s", pTab->zName,
                         pTab->aCol[pPk->aiColumn[i]].zName));
          }
        }
        if( isUpdate ){
          /* If currently processing the PRIMARY KEY of a WITHOUT ROWID 
................................................................................
            char *p4 = (char*)sqlite3LocateCollSeq(pParse, pPk->azColl[i]);
            x = pPk->aiColumn[i];
            assert( x>=0 );
            if( i==(pPk->nKeyCol-1) ){
              addrJump = addrUniqueOk;
              op = OP_Eq;
            }

            sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, op, 
                regOldData+1+x, addrJump, regCmp+i, p4, P4_COLLSEQ
            );
            sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, SQLITE_NOTNULL);
            VdbeCoverageIf(v, op==OP_Eq);
            VdbeCoverageIf(v, op==OP_Ne);
          }
................................................................................
#endif
      case OE_Ignore: {
        testcase( onError==OE_Ignore );
        sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, ignoreDest);
        break;
      }
      default: {
        Trigger *pTrigger = 0;

        assert( onError==OE_Replace );
        if( db->flags&SQLITE_RecTriggers ){
          pTrigger = sqlite3TriggersExist(pParse, pTab, TK_DELETE, 0, 0);
        }

        if( pTrigger || sqlite3FkRequired(pParse, pTab, 0, 0) ){

          sqlite3MultiWrite(pParse);

        }
        sqlite3GenerateRowDelete(pParse, pTab, pTrigger, iDataCur, iIdxCur,
            regR, nPkField, 0, OE_Replace,
            (pIdx==pPk ? ONEPASS_SINGLE : ONEPASS_OFF), iThisCur);














































        seenReplace = 1;
        break;
      }
    }
    if( pUpIdx==pIdx ){
      sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, upsertJump+1);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, upsertBypass);
................................................................................

  /* If the IPK constraint is a REPLACE, run it last */
  if( ipkTop ){
    sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, ipkTop);
    VdbeComment((v, "Do IPK REPLACE"));
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, ipkBottom);
  }





















  /* Generate the table record */
  if( HasRowid(pTab) ){
    int regRec = aRegIdx[ix];
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, regNewData+1, pTab->nCol, regRec);
    sqlite3SetMakeRecordP5(v, pTab);
    if( !bAffinityDone ){
      sqlite3TableAffinity(v, pTab, 0);
    }
  }

  *pbMayReplace = seenReplace;
................................................................................
**    *   The same collating sequence on each column
**    *   The index has the exact same WHERE clause
*/
static int xferCompatibleIndex(Index *pDest, Index *pSrc){
  int i;
  assert( pDest && pSrc );
  assert( pDest->pTable!=pSrc->pTable );
  if( pDest->nKeyCol!=pSrc->nKeyCol ){
    return 0;   /* Different number of columns */
  }
  if( pDest->onError!=pSrc->onError ){
    return 0;   /* Different conflict resolution strategies */
  }
  for(i=0; i<pSrc->nKeyCol; i++){
    if( pSrc->aiColumn[i]!=pDest->aiColumn[i] ){
................................................................................
    Column *pSrcCol = &pSrc->aCol[i];
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_HIDDEN_COLUMNS
    if( (db->mDbFlags & DBFLAG_Vacuum)==0 
     && (pDestCol->colFlags | pSrcCol->colFlags) & COLFLAG_HIDDEN 
    ){
      return 0;    /* Neither table may have __hidden__ columns */
    }

































#endif
    if( pDestCol->affinity!=pSrcCol->affinity ){
      return 0;    /* Affinity must be the same on all columns */
    }
    if( sqlite3_stricmp(pDestCol->zColl, pSrcCol->zColl)!=0 ){
      return 0;    /* Collating sequence must be the same on all columns */
    }
    if( pDestCol->notNull && !pSrcCol->notNull ){
      return 0;    /* tab2 must be NOT NULL if tab1 is */
    }
    /* Default values for second and subsequent columns need to match. */
    if( i>0 ){
      assert( pDestCol->pDflt==0 || pDestCol->pDflt->op==TK_SPAN );
      assert( pSrcCol->pDflt==0 || pSrcCol->pDflt->op==TK_SPAN );
      if( (pDestCol->pDflt==0)!=(pSrcCol->pDflt==0) 
       || (pDestCol->pDflt && strcmp(pDestCol->pDflt->u.zToken,
                                       pSrcCol->pDflt->u.zToken)!=0)
      ){
        return 0;    /* Default values must be the same for all columns */

  Vdbe *v;
  assert( !IsVirtual(pTab) );
  v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
  assert( opcode==OP_OpenWrite || opcode==OP_OpenRead );
  sqlite3TableLock(pParse, iDb, pTab->tnum, 
                   (opcode==OP_OpenWrite)?1:0, pTab->zName);
  if( HasRowid(pTab) ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, opcode, iCur, pTab->tnum, iDb, pTab->nNVCol);
    VdbeComment((v, "%s", pTab->zName));
  }else{
    Index *pPk = sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(pTab);
    assert( pPk!=0 );
    assert( pPk->tnum==pTab->tnum );
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, opcode, iCur, pPk->tnum, iDb);
    sqlite3VdbeSetP4KeyInfo(pParse, pPk);
................................................................................
        aff = SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER;
      }else{
        assert( x==XN_EXPR );
        assert( pIdx->aColExpr!=0 );
        aff = sqlite3ExprAffinity(pIdx->aColExpr->a[n].pExpr);
      }
      if( aff<SQLITE_AFF_BLOB ) aff = SQLITE_AFF_BLOB;
      if( aff>SQLITE_AFF_NUMERIC) aff = SQLITE_AFF_NUMERIC;
      pIdx->zColAff[n] = aff;
    }
    pIdx->zColAff[n] = 0;
  }
 
  return pIdx->zColAff;
}
................................................................................
**  'A'            BLOB
**  'B'            TEXT
**  'C'            NUMERIC
**  'D'            INTEGER
**  'E'            REAL
*/
void sqlite3TableAffinity(Vdbe *v, Table *pTab, int iReg){
  int i, j;
  char *zColAff = pTab->zColAff;
  if( zColAff==0 ){
    sqlite3 *db = sqlite3VdbeDb(v);
    zColAff = (char *)sqlite3DbMallocRaw(0, pTab->nCol+1);
    if( !zColAff ){
      sqlite3OomFault(db);
      return;
    }

    for(i=j=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
      assert( pTab->aCol[i].affinity!=0 );
      if( (pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL)==0 ){
        zColAff[j++] = pTab->aCol[i].affinity;
      }
    }
    do{
      zColAff[j--] = 0;
    }while( j>=0 && zColAff[j]<=SQLITE_AFF_BLOB );
    pTab->zColAff = zColAff;
  }
  assert( zColAff!=0 );
  i = sqlite3Strlen30NN(zColAff);
  if( i ){
    if( iReg ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_Affinity, iReg, i, 0, zColAff, i);
................................................................................
      assert( pOp->p4type==P4_VTAB );
      return 1;
    }
#endif
  }
  return 0;
}

/* This walker callback will compute the union of colFlags flags for all
** references columns in a CHECK constraint or generated column expression.
*/
static int exprColumnFlagUnion(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
  if( pExpr->op==TK_COLUMN ){
    pWalker->eCode |= pWalker->u.pTab->aCol[pExpr->iColumn].colFlags;
  }
  return WRC_Continue;
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
/*
** All regular columns for table pTab have been puts into registers
** starting with iRegStore.  The registers that correspond to STORED
** or VIRTUAL columns have not yet been initialized.  This routine goes
** back and computes the values for those columns based on the previously
** computed normal columns.
*/
void sqlite3ComputeGeneratedColumns(
  Parse *pParse,    /* Parsing context */
  int iRegStore,    /* Register holding the first column */
  Table *pTab       /* The table */
){
  int i;
  Walker w;
  Column *pRedo;
  int eProgress;

  /* Because there can be multiple generated columns that refer to one another,
  ** this is a two-pass algorithm.  On the first pass, mark all generated
  ** columns as "not available".
  */
  for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
    if( pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_GENERATED ){
      testcase( pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL );
      testcase( pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_STORED );
      pTab->aCol[i].colFlags |= COLFLAG_NOTAVAIL;
    }
  }

  w.u.pTab = pTab;
  w.xExprCallback = exprColumnFlagUnion;
  w.xSelectCallback = 0;
  w.xSelectCallback2 = 0;

  /* On the second pass, compute the value of each NOT-AVAILABLE column.
  ** Companion code in the TK_COLUMN case of sqlite3ExprCodeTarget() will
  ** compute dependencies and mark remove the COLSPAN_NOTAVAIL mark, as
  ** they are needed.
  */
  pParse->iSelfTab = -iRegStore;
  do{
    eProgress = 0;
    pRedo = 0;
    for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
      Column *pCol = pTab->aCol + i;
      if( (pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_NOTAVAIL)!=0 ){
        int x;
        pCol->colFlags |= COLFLAG_BUSY;
        w.eCode = 0;
        sqlite3WalkExpr(&w, pCol->pDflt);
        pCol->colFlags &= ~COLFLAG_BUSY;
        if( w.eCode & COLFLAG_NOTAVAIL ){
          pRedo = pCol;
          continue;
        }
        eProgress = 1;
        assert( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_GENERATED );
        x = sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(pTab, i) + iRegStore;
        sqlite3ExprCodeGeneratedColumn(pParse, pCol, x);
        pCol->colFlags &= ~COLFLAG_NOTAVAIL;
      }
    }
  }while( pRedo && eProgress );
  if( pRedo ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "generated column loop on \"%s\"", pRedo->zName);
  }
  pParse->iSelfTab = 0;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS */


#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINCREMENT
/*
** Locate or create an AutoincInfo structure associated with table pTab
** which is in database iDb.  Return the register number for the register
** that holds the maximum rowid.  Return zero if pTab is not an AUTOINCREMENT
** table.  (Also return zero when doing a VACUUM since we do not want to
................................................................................
**         end loop
**      D: cleanup
*/
void sqlite3Insert(
  Parse *pParse,        /* Parser context */
  SrcList *pTabList,    /* Name of table into which we are inserting */
  Select *pSelect,      /* A SELECT statement to use as the data source */
  IdList *pColumn,      /* Column names corresponding to IDLIST, or NULL. */
  int onError,          /* How to handle constraint errors */
  Upsert *pUpsert       /* ON CONFLICT clauses for upsert, or NULL */
){
  sqlite3 *db;          /* The main database structure */
  Table *pTab;          /* The table to insert into.  aka TABLE */
  int i, j;             /* Loop counters */
  Vdbe *v;              /* Generate code into this virtual machine */
................................................................................
  SelectDest dest;      /* Destination for SELECT on rhs of INSERT */
  int iDb;              /* Index of database holding TABLE */
  u8 useTempTable = 0;  /* Store SELECT results in intermediate table */
  u8 appendFlag = 0;    /* True if the insert is likely to be an append */
  u8 withoutRowid;      /* 0 for normal table.  1 for WITHOUT ROWID table */
  u8 bIdListInOrder;    /* True if IDLIST is in table order */
  ExprList *pList = 0;  /* List of VALUES() to be inserted  */
  int iRegStore;        /* Register in which to store next column */

  /* Register allocations */
  int regFromSelect = 0;/* Base register for data coming from SELECT */
  int regAutoinc = 0;   /* Register holding the AUTOINCREMENT counter */
  int regRowCount = 0;  /* Memory cell used for the row counter */
  int regIns;           /* Block of regs holding rowid+data being inserted */
  int regRowid;         /* registers holding insert rowid */
................................................................................
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_XFER_OPT */

  /* If this is an AUTOINCREMENT table, look up the sequence number in the
  ** sqlite_sequence table and store it in memory cell regAutoinc.
  */
  regAutoinc = autoIncBegin(pParse, iDb, pTab);

  /* Allocate a block registers to hold the rowid and the values
  ** for all columns of the new row.
  */
  regRowid = regIns = pParse->nMem+1;
  pParse->nMem += pTab->nCol + 1;
  if( IsVirtual(pTab) ){
    regRowid++;
    pParse->nMem++;
  }
................................................................................
  ** remember the column indices.
  **
  ** If the table has an INTEGER PRIMARY KEY column and that column
  ** is named in the IDLIST, then record in the ipkColumn variable
  ** the index into IDLIST of the primary key column.  ipkColumn is
  ** the index of the primary key as it appears in IDLIST, not as
  ** is appears in the original table.  (The index of the INTEGER
  ** PRIMARY KEY in the original table is pTab->iPKey.)  After this
  ** loop, if ipkColumn==(-1), that means that integer primary key
  ** is unspecified, and hence the table is either WITHOUT ROWID or
  ** it will automatically generated an integer primary key.
  **
  ** bIdListInOrder is true if the columns in IDLIST are in storage
  ** order.  This enables an optimization that avoids shuffling the
  ** columns into storage order.  False negatives are harmless,
  ** but false positives will cause database corruption.
  */
  bIdListInOrder = (pTab->tabFlags & (TF_OOOHidden|TF_HasStored))==0;
  if( pColumn ){
    for(i=0; i<pColumn->nId; i++){
      pColumn->a[i].idx = -1;
    }
    for(i=0; i<pColumn->nId; i++){
      for(j=0; j<pTab->nCol; j++){
        if( sqlite3StrICmp(pColumn->a[i].zName, pTab->aCol[j].zName)==0 ){
          pColumn->a[i].idx = j;
          if( i!=j ) bIdListInOrder = 0;
          if( j==pTab->iPKey ){
            ipkColumn = i;  assert( !withoutRowid );
          }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
          if( pTab->aCol[j].colFlags & (COLFLAG_STORED|COLFLAG_VIRTUAL) ){
            sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
               "cannot INSERT into generated column \"%s\"",
               pTab->aCol[j].zName);
            goto insert_cleanup;
          }
#endif
          break;
        }
      }
      if( j>=pTab->nCol ){
        if( sqlite3IsRowid(pColumn->a[i].zName) && !withoutRowid ){
          ipkColumn = i;
          bIdListInOrder = 0;
................................................................................

  /* If there is no IDLIST term but the table has an integer primary
  ** key, the set the ipkColumn variable to the integer primary key 
  ** column index in the original table definition.
  */
  if( pColumn==0 && nColumn>0 ){
    ipkColumn = pTab->iPKey;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
    if( ipkColumn>=0 && (pTab->tabFlags & TF_HasGenerated)!=0 ){
      testcase( pTab->tabFlags & TF_HasVirtual );
      testcase( pTab->tabFlags & TF_HasStored );
      for(i=ipkColumn-1; i>=0; i--){
        if( pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_GENERATED ){
          testcase( pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL );
          testcase( pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_STORED );
          ipkColumn--;
        }
      }
    }
#endif
  }

  /* Make sure the number of columns in the source data matches the number
  ** of columns to be inserted into the table.
  */
  for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
    if( pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_NOINSERT ) nHidden++;
  }
  if( pColumn==0 && nColumn && nColumn!=(pTab->nCol-nHidden) ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
       "table %S has %d columns but %d values were supplied",
       pTabList, 0, pTab->nCol-nHidden, nColumn);
    goto insert_cleanup;
  }
................................................................................
  }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_UPSERT
  if( pUpsert ){
    if( IsVirtual(pTab) ){
      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "UPSERT not implemented for virtual table \"%s\"",
              pTab->zName);
      goto insert_cleanup;
    }
    if( sqlite3HasExplicitNulls(pParse, pUpsert->pUpsertTarget) ){
      goto insert_cleanup;
    }
    pTabList->a[0].iCursor = iDataCur;
    pUpsert->pUpsertSrc = pTabList;
    pUpsert->regData = regData;
    pUpsert->iDataCur = iDataCur;
    pUpsert->iIdxCur = iIdxCur;
    if( pUpsert->pUpsertTarget ){
................................................................................
    **      C: yield X, at EOF goto D
    **         insert the select result into <table> from R..R+n
    **         goto C
    **      D: ...
    */
    addrInsTop = addrCont = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Yield, dest.iSDParm);
    VdbeCoverage(v);
    if( ipkColumn>=0 ){
      /* tag-20191021-001: If the INTEGER PRIMARY KEY is being generated by the
      ** SELECT, go ahead and copy the value into the rowid slot now, so that
      ** the value does not get overwritten by a NULL at tag-20191021-002. */
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Copy, regFromSelect+ipkColumn, regRowid);
    }
  }

  /* Compute data for ordinary columns of the new entry.  Values
  ** are written in storage order into registers starting with regData.
  ** Only ordinary columns are computed in this loop. The rowid
  ** (if there is one) is computed later and generated columns are
  ** computed after the rowid since they might depend on the value
  ** of the rowid.
  */
  nHidden = 0;
  iRegStore = regData;  assert( regData==regRowid+1 );
  for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++, iRegStore++){
    int k;
    u32 colFlags;
    assert( i>=nHidden );
    if( i==pTab->iPKey ){
      /* tag-20191021-002: References to the INTEGER PRIMARY KEY are filled
      ** using the rowid. So put a NULL in the IPK slot of the record to avoid
      ** using excess space.  The file format definition requires this extra
      ** NULL - we cannot optimize further by skipping the column completely */
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_SoftNull, iRegStore);
      continue;
    }
    if( ((colFlags = pTab->aCol[i].colFlags) & COLFLAG_NOINSERT)!=0 ){
      nHidden++;
      if( (colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL)!=0 ){
        /* Virtual columns do not participate in OP_MakeRecord.  So back up
        ** iRegStore by one slot to compensate for the iRegStore++ in the
        ** outer for() loop */
        iRegStore--;
        continue;
      }else if( (colFlags & COLFLAG_STORED)!=0 ){
        /* Stored columns are computed later.  But if there are BEFORE
        ** triggers, the slots used for stored columns will be OP_Copy-ed
        ** to a second block of registers, so the register needs to be
        ** initialized to NULL to avoid an uninitialized register read */
        if( tmask & TRIGGER_BEFORE ){
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_SoftNull, iRegStore);
        }
        continue;
      }else if( pColumn==0 ){
        /* Hidden columns that are not explicitly named in the INSERT
        ** get there default value */
        sqlite3ExprCodeFactorable(pParse, pTab->aCol[i].pDflt, iRegStore);
        continue;
      }
    }
    if( pColumn ){
      for(j=0; j<pColumn->nId && pColumn->a[j].idx!=i; j++){}
      if( j>=pColumn->nId ){
        /* A column not named in the insert column list gets its
        ** default value */
        sqlite3ExprCodeFactorable(pParse, pTab->aCol[i].pDflt, iRegStore);
        continue;
      }
      k = j;
    }else if( nColumn==0 ){
      /* This is INSERT INTO ... DEFAULT VALUES.  Load the default value. */
      sqlite3ExprCodeFactorable(pParse, pTab->aCol[i].pDflt, iRegStore);
      continue;
    }else{
      k = i - nHidden;
    }

    if( useTempTable ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, srcTab, k, iRegStore); 
    }else if( pSelect ){
      if( regFromSelect!=regData ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_SCopy, regFromSelect+k, iRegStore);
      }
    }else{
      sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pList->a[k].pExpr, iRegStore);
    }
  }


  /* Run the BEFORE and INSTEAD OF triggers, if there are any
  */
  endOfLoop = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
  if( tmask & TRIGGER_BEFORE ){
    int regCols = sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, pTab->nCol+1);

................................................................................
    }

    /* Cannot have triggers on a virtual table. If it were possible,
    ** this block would have to account for hidden column.
    */
    assert( !IsVirtual(pTab) );

    /* Copy the new data already generated. */
    assert( pTab->nNVCol>0 );
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Copy, regRowid+1, regCols+1, pTab->nNVCol-1);

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
    /* Compute the new value for generated columns after all other
    ** columns have already been computed.  This must be done after
    ** computing the ROWID in case one of the generated columns
    ** refers to the ROWID. */
    if( pTab->tabFlags & TF_HasGenerated ){
      testcase( pTab->tabFlags & TF_HasVirtual );
      testcase( pTab->tabFlags & TF_HasStored );
      sqlite3ComputeGeneratedColumns(pParse, regCols+1, pTab);
    }
#endif





    /* If this is an INSERT on a view with an INSTEAD OF INSERT trigger,
    ** do not attempt any conversions before assembling the record.
    ** If this is a real table, attempt conversions as required by the
    ** table column affinities.
    */
    if( !isView ){
................................................................................
    /* Fire BEFORE or INSTEAD OF triggers */
    sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(pParse, pTrigger, TK_INSERT, 0, TRIGGER_BEFORE, 
        pTab, regCols-pTab->nCol-1, onError, endOfLoop);

    sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(pParse, regCols, pTab->nCol+1);
  }




  if( !isView ){
    if( IsVirtual(pTab) ){
      /* The row that the VUpdate opcode will delete: none */
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, regIns);
    }
    if( ipkColumn>=0 ){
      /* Compute the new rowid */
      if( useTempTable ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, srcTab, ipkColumn, regRowid);
      }else if( pSelect ){
        /* Rowid already initialized at tag-20191021-001 */
      }else{
        Expr *pIpk = pList->a[ipkColumn].pExpr;
        if( pIpk->op==TK_NULL && !IsVirtual(pTab) ){
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_NewRowid, iDataCur, regRowid, regAutoinc);
          appendFlag = 1;
        }else{
          sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pList->a[ipkColumn].pExpr, regRowid);
................................................................................
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, regRowid);
    }else{
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_NewRowid, iDataCur, regRowid, regAutoinc);
      appendFlag = 1;
    }
    autoIncStep(pParse, regAutoinc, regRowid);

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
    /* Compute the new value for generated columns after all other
    ** columns have already been computed.  This must be done after
    ** computing the ROWID in case one of the generated columns
    ** refers to the ROWID. */
    if( pTab->tabFlags & TF_HasGenerated ){
      testcase( pTab->tabFlags & TF_HasVirtual );
      testcase( pTab->tabFlags & TF_HasStored );
      sqlite3ComputeGeneratedColumns(pParse, regRowid+1, pTab);





    }
























#endif

    /* Generate code to check constraints and generate index keys and
    ** do the insertion.
    */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
    if( IsVirtual(pTab) ){
      const char *pVTab = (const char *)sqlite3GetVTable(db, pTab);
................................................................................
      ** constraints or (b) there are no triggers and this table is not a
      ** parent table in a foreign key constraint. It is safe to set the
      ** flag in the second case as if any REPLACE constraint is hit, an
      ** OP_Delete or OP_IdxDelete instruction will be executed on each 
      ** cursor that is disturbed. And these instructions both clear the
      ** VdbeCursor.seekResult variable, disabling the OPFLAG_USESEEKRESULT
      ** functionality.  */
      bUseSeek = (isReplace==0 || !sqlite3VdbeHasSubProgram(v));


      sqlite3CompleteInsertion(pParse, pTab, iDataCur, iIdxCur,
          regIns, aRegIdx, 0, appendFlag, bUseSeek
      );
    }
  }

  /* Update the count of rows that are inserted
................................................................................
  Index *pUpIdx = 0;   /* Index to which to apply the upsert */
  u8 isUpdate;         /* True if this is an UPDATE operation */
  u8 bAffinityDone = 0;  /* True if the OP_Affinity operation has been run */
  int upsertBypass = 0;  /* Address of Goto to bypass upsert subroutine */
  int upsertJump = 0;    /* Address of Goto that jumps into upsert subroutine */
  int ipkTop = 0;        /* Top of the IPK uniqueness check */
  int ipkBottom = 0;     /* OP_Goto at the end of the IPK uniqueness check */
  /* Variables associated with retesting uniqueness constraints after
  ** replace triggers fire have run */
  int regTrigCnt;       /* Register used to count replace trigger invocations */
  int addrRecheck = 0;  /* Jump here to recheck all uniqueness constraints */
  int lblRecheckOk = 0; /* Each recheck jumps to this label if it passes */
  Trigger *pTrigger;    /* List of DELETE triggers on the table pTab */
  int nReplaceTrig = 0; /* Number of replace triggers coded */

  isUpdate = regOldData!=0;
  db = pParse->db;
  v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
  assert( v!=0 );
  assert( pTab->pSelect==0 );  /* This table is not a VIEW */
  nCol = pTab->nCol;
................................................................................

  /* Record that this module has started */
  VdbeModuleComment((v, "BEGIN: GenCnstCks(%d,%d,%d,%d,%d)",
                     iDataCur, iIdxCur, regNewData, regOldData, pkChng));

  /* Test all NOT NULL constraints.
  */
  if( pTab->tabFlags & TF_HasNotNull ){
    for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
      int iReg;
      onError = pTab->aCol[i].notNull;
      if( onError==OE_None ) continue; /* No NOT NULL on this column */
      if( i==pTab->iPKey ){
        continue;        /* ROWID is never NULL */
      }
      if( aiChng && aiChng[i]<0 ){
        /* Don't bother checking for NOT NULL on columns that do not change */
        continue;
      }


      if( overrideError!=OE_Default ){
        onError = overrideError;
      }else if( onError==OE_Default ){
        onError = OE_Abort;
      }
      if( onError==OE_Replace && pTab->aCol[i].pDflt==0 ){
        onError = OE_Abort;
      }
      assert( onError==OE_Rollback || onError==OE_Abort || onError==OE_Fail
          || onError==OE_Ignore || onError==OE_Replace );
      addr1 = 0;
      testcase( i!=sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(pTab, i) );
      testcase( pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL );
      testcase( pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_STORED );
      iReg = sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(pTab, i) + regNewData + 1;
      switch( onError ){
        case OE_Replace: {
          assert( onError==OE_Replace );
          addr1 = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_NotNull, iReg, addr1);
            VdbeCoverage(v);
          if( (pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_GENERATED)==0 ){
            sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pTab->aCol[i].pDflt, regNewData+1+i);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_NotNull, iReg, addr1);
              VdbeCoverage(v);
          }
          onError = OE_Abort;
          /* Fall through into the OE_Abort case to generate code that runs
          ** if both the input and the default value are NULL */
        }
        case OE_Abort:
          sqlite3MayAbort(pParse);
          /* Fall through */
        case OE_Rollback:
        case OE_Fail: {
          char *zMsg = sqlite3MPrintf(db, "%s.%s", pTab->zName,
                                      pTab->aCol[i].zName);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_HaltIfNull, SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL,

                            onError, iReg);
          sqlite3VdbeAppendP4(v, zMsg, P4_DYNAMIC);
          sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, P5_ConstraintNotNull);
          VdbeCoverage(v);
          if( addr1 ) sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, addr1);
          break;
        }
        default: {
          assert( onError==OE_Ignore );
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IsNull, iReg, ignoreDest);
          VdbeCoverage(v);
          break;
        }
      }
    }
  }

  /* Test all CHECK constraints
  */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_CHECK
................................................................................
    }else if( (pUpIdx = pUpsert->pUpsertIdx)!=0 ){
      /* If the constraint-target uniqueness check must be run first.
      ** Jump to that uniqueness check now */
      upsertJump = sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(v, OP_Goto);
      VdbeComment((v, "UPSERT constraint goes first"));
    }
  }

  /* Determine if it is possible that triggers (either explicitly coded
  ** triggers or FK resolution actions) might run as a result of deletes
  ** that happen when OE_Replace conflict resolution occurs. (Call these
  ** "replace triggers".)  If any replace triggers run, we will need to
  ** recheck all of the uniqueness constraints after they have all run.
  ** But on the recheck, the resolution is OE_Abort instead of OE_Replace.
  **
  ** If replace triggers are a possibility, then
  **
  **   (1) Allocate register regTrigCnt and initialize it to zero.
  **       That register will count the number of replace triggers that
  **       fire.  Constraint recheck only occurs if the number is positive.
  **   (2) Initialize pTrigger to the list of all DELETE triggers on pTab.
  **   (3) Initialize addrRecheck and lblRecheckOk
  **
  ** The uniqueness rechecking code will create a series of tests to run
  ** in a second pass.  The addrRecheck and lblRecheckOk variables are
  ** used to link together these tests which are separated from each other
  ** in the generate bytecode.
  */
  if( (db->flags & (SQLITE_RecTriggers|SQLITE_ForeignKeys))==0 ){
    /* There are not DELETE triggers nor FK constraints.  No constraint
    ** rechecks are needed. */
    pTrigger = 0;
    regTrigCnt = 0;
  }else{
    if( db->flags&SQLITE_RecTriggers ){
      pTrigger = sqlite3TriggersExist(pParse, pTab, TK_DELETE, 0, 0);
      regTrigCnt = pTrigger!=0 || sqlite3FkRequired(pParse, pTab, 0, 0);
    }else{
      pTrigger = 0;
      regTrigCnt = sqlite3FkRequired(pParse, pTab, 0, 0);
    }
    if( regTrigCnt ){
      /* Replace triggers might exist.  Allocate the counter and
      ** initialize it to zero. */
      regTrigCnt = ++pParse->nMem;
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 0, regTrigCnt);
      VdbeComment((v, "trigger count"));
      lblRecheckOk = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
      addrRecheck = lblRecheckOk;
    }
  }

  /* If rowid is changing, make sure the new rowid does not previously
  ** exist in the table.
  */
  if( pkChng && pPk==0 ){
    int addrRowidOk = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);

................................................................................
        ** but being more selective here allows statements like:
        **
        **   REPLACE INTO t(rowid) VALUES($newrowid)
        **
        ** to run without a statement journal if there are no indexes on the
        ** table.
        */
        if( regTrigCnt ){




          sqlite3MultiWrite(pParse);
          sqlite3GenerateRowDelete(pParse, pTab, pTrigger, iDataCur, iIdxCur,
                                   regNewData, 1, 0, OE_Replace, 1, -1);
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_AddImm, regTrigCnt, 1); /* incr trigger cnt */
          nReplaceTrig++;
        }else{
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
          assert( HasRowid(pTab) );
          /* This OP_Delete opcode fires the pre-update-hook only. It does
          ** not modify the b-tree. It is more efficient to let the coming
          ** OP_Insert replace the existing entry than it is to delete the
          ** existing entry and then insert a new one. */
................................................................................
  ** WITHOUT ROWID table.
  */
  for(ix=0, pIdx=pTab->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext, ix++){
    int regIdx;          /* Range of registers hold conent for pIdx */
    int regR;            /* Range of registers holding conflicting PK */
    int iThisCur;        /* Cursor for this UNIQUE index */
    int addrUniqueOk;    /* Jump here if the UNIQUE constraint is satisfied */
    int addrConflictCk;  /* First opcode in the conflict check logic */

    if( aRegIdx[ix]==0 ) continue;  /* Skip indices that do not change */
    if( pUpIdx==pIdx ){
      addrUniqueOk = upsertJump+1;
      upsertBypass = sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, 0);
      VdbeComment((v, "Skip upsert subroutine"));
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, upsertJump);
................................................................................
      int iField = pIdx->aiColumn[i];
      int x;
      if( iField==XN_EXPR ){
        pParse->iSelfTab = -(regNewData+1);
        sqlite3ExprCodeCopy(pParse, pIdx->aColExpr->a[i].pExpr, regIdx+i);
        pParse->iSelfTab = 0;
        VdbeComment((v, "%s column %d", pIdx->zName, i));

      }else if( iField==XN_ROWID || iField==pTab->iPKey ){
        x = regNewData;
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IntCopy, x, regIdx+i);
        VdbeComment((v, "rowid"));
      }else{
        testcase( sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(pTab, iField)!=iField );
        x = sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(pTab, iField) + regNewData + 1;

        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_SCopy, x, regIdx+i);
        VdbeComment((v, "%s", pTab->aCol[iField].zName));
      }
    }
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, regIdx, pIdx->nColumn, aRegIdx[ix]);
    VdbeComment((v, "for %s", pIdx->zName));
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NULL_TRIM
    if( pIdx->idxType==SQLITE_IDXTYPE_PRIMARYKEY ){
      sqlite3SetMakeRecordP5(v, pIdx->pTable);
................................................................................
      sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, addrUniqueOk);
      continue;
    }
#endif /* ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK */

    /* Check to see if the new index entry will be unique */
    sqlite3VdbeVerifyAbortable(v, onError);
    addrConflictCk = 
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_NoConflict, iThisCur, addrUniqueOk,
                           regIdx, pIdx->nKeyCol); VdbeCoverage(v);

    /* Generate code to handle collisions */
    regR = (pIdx==pPk) ? regIdx : sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, nPkField);
    if( isUpdate || onError==OE_Replace ){
      if( HasRowid(pTab) ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IdxRowid, iThisCur, regR);
        /* Conflict only if the rowid of the existing index entry
................................................................................
      }else{
        int x;
        /* Extract the PRIMARY KEY from the end of the index entry and
        ** store it in registers regR..regR+nPk-1 */
        if( pIdx!=pPk ){
          for(i=0; i<pPk->nKeyCol; i++){
            assert( pPk->aiColumn[i]>=0 );
            x = sqlite3TableColumnToIndex(pIdx, pPk->aiColumn[i]);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, iThisCur, x, regR+i);
            VdbeComment((v, "%s.%s", pTab->zName,
                         pTab->aCol[pPk->aiColumn[i]].zName));
          }
        }
        if( isUpdate ){
          /* If currently processing the PRIMARY KEY of a WITHOUT ROWID 
................................................................................
            char *p4 = (char*)sqlite3LocateCollSeq(pParse, pPk->azColl[i]);
            x = pPk->aiColumn[i];
            assert( x>=0 );
            if( i==(pPk->nKeyCol-1) ){
              addrJump = addrUniqueOk;
              op = OP_Eq;
            }
            x = sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(pTab, x);
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, op, 
                regOldData+1+x, addrJump, regCmp+i, p4, P4_COLLSEQ
            );
            sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, SQLITE_NOTNULL);
            VdbeCoverageIf(v, op==OP_Eq);
            VdbeCoverageIf(v, op==OP_Ne);
          }
................................................................................
#endif
      case OE_Ignore: {
        testcase( onError==OE_Ignore );
        sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, ignoreDest);
        break;
      }
      default: {
        int nConflictCk;   /* Number of opcodes in conflict check logic */

        assert( onError==OE_Replace );

        nConflictCk = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v) - addrConflictCk;

        assert( nConflictCk>0 );
        testcase( nConflictCk>1 );
        if( regTrigCnt ){
          sqlite3MultiWrite(pParse);
          nReplaceTrig++;
        }
        sqlite3GenerateRowDelete(pParse, pTab, pTrigger, iDataCur, iIdxCur,
            regR, nPkField, 0, OE_Replace,
            (pIdx==pPk ? ONEPASS_SINGLE : ONEPASS_OFF), iThisCur);
        if( regTrigCnt ){
          int addrBypass;  /* Jump destination to bypass recheck logic */

          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_AddImm, regTrigCnt, 1); /* incr trigger cnt */
          addrBypass = sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(v, OP_Goto);  /* Bypass recheck */
          VdbeComment((v, "bypass recheck"));

          /* Here we insert code that will be invoked after all constraint
          ** checks have run, if and only if one or more replace triggers
          ** fired. */
          sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, lblRecheckOk);
          lblRecheckOk = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
          if( pIdx->pPartIdxWhere ){
            /* Bypass the recheck if this partial index is not defined
            ** for the current row */
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IsNull, regIdx-1, lblRecheckOk);
            VdbeCoverage(v);
          }
          /* Copy the constraint check code from above, except change
          ** the constraint-ok jump destination to be the address of
          ** the next retest block */
          while( nConflictCk>0 ){
            VdbeOp x;    /* Conflict check opcode to copy */
            /* The sqlite3VdbeAddOp4() call might reallocate the opcode array.
            ** Hence, make a complete copy of the opcode, rather than using
            ** a pointer to the opcode. */
            x = *sqlite3VdbeGetOp(v, addrConflictCk);
            if( x.opcode!=OP_IdxRowid ){
              int p2;      /* New P2 value for copied conflict check opcode */
              if( sqlite3OpcodeProperty[x.opcode]&OPFLG_JUMP ){
                p2 = lblRecheckOk;
              }else{
                p2 = x.p2;
              }
              sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, x.opcode, x.p1, p2, x.p3, x.p4.z, x.p4type);
              sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, x.p5);
              VdbeCoverageIf(v, p2!=x.p2);
            }
            nConflictCk--;
            addrConflictCk++;
          }
          /* If the retest fails, issue an abort */
          sqlite3UniqueConstraint(pParse, OE_Abort, pIdx);

          sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrBypass); /* Terminate the recheck bypass */
        }
        seenReplace = 1;
        break;
      }
    }
    if( pUpIdx==pIdx ){
      sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, upsertJump+1);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, upsertBypass);
................................................................................

  /* If the IPK constraint is a REPLACE, run it last */
  if( ipkTop ){
    sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, ipkTop);
    VdbeComment((v, "Do IPK REPLACE"));
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, ipkBottom);
  }

  /* Recheck all uniqueness constraints after replace triggers have run */
  testcase( regTrigCnt!=0 && nReplaceTrig==0 );
  assert( regTrigCnt!=0 || nReplaceTrig==0 );
  if( nReplaceTrig ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IfNot, regTrigCnt, lblRecheckOk);VdbeCoverage(v);
    if( !pPk ){
      if( isUpdate ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Eq, regNewData, addrRecheck, regOldData);
        sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, SQLITE_NOTNULL);
        VdbeCoverage(v);
      }
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_NotExists, iDataCur, addrRecheck, regNewData);
      VdbeCoverage(v);
      sqlite3RowidConstraint(pParse, OE_Abort, pTab);
    }else{
      sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, addrRecheck);
    }
    sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, lblRecheckOk);
  }

  /* Generate the table record */
  if( HasRowid(pTab) ){
    int regRec = aRegIdx[ix];
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, regNewData+1, pTab->nNVCol, regRec);
    sqlite3SetMakeRecordP5(v, pTab);
    if( !bAffinityDone ){
      sqlite3TableAffinity(v, pTab, 0);
    }
  }

  *pbMayReplace = seenReplace;
................................................................................
**    *   The same collating sequence on each column
**    *   The index has the exact same WHERE clause
*/
static int xferCompatibleIndex(Index *pDest, Index *pSrc){
  int i;
  assert( pDest && pSrc );
  assert( pDest->pTable!=pSrc->pTable );
  if( pDest->nKeyCol!=pSrc->nKeyCol || pDest->nColumn!=pSrc->nColumn ){
    return 0;   /* Different number of columns */
  }
  if( pDest->onError!=pSrc->onError ){
    return 0;   /* Different conflict resolution strategies */
  }
  for(i=0; i<pSrc->nKeyCol; i++){
    if( pSrc->aiColumn[i]!=pDest->aiColumn[i] ){
................................................................................
    Column *pSrcCol = &pSrc->aCol[i];
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_HIDDEN_COLUMNS
    if( (db->mDbFlags & DBFLAG_Vacuum)==0 
     && (pDestCol->colFlags | pSrcCol->colFlags) & COLFLAG_HIDDEN 
    ){
      return 0;    /* Neither table may have __hidden__ columns */
    }
#endif
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
    /* Even if tables t1 and t2 have identical schemas, if they contain
    ** generated columns, then this statement is semantically incorrect:
    **
    **     INSERT INTO t2 SELECT * FROM t1;
    **
    ** The reason is that generated column values are returned by the
    ** the SELECT statement on the right but the INSERT statement on the
    ** left wants them to be omitted.
    **
    ** Nevertheless, this is a useful notational shorthand to tell SQLite
    ** to do a bulk transfer all of the content from t1 over to t2.
    ** 
    ** We could, in theory, disable this (except for internal use by the
    ** VACUUM command where it is actually needed).  But why do that?  It
    ** seems harmless enough, and provides a useful service.
    */
    if( (pDestCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_GENERATED) !=
        (pSrcCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_GENERATED) ){
      return 0;    /* Both columns have the same generated-column type */
    }
    /* But the transfer is only allowed if both the source and destination
    ** tables have the exact same expressions for generated columns.
    ** This requirement could be relaxed for VIRTUAL columns, I suppose.
    */
    if( (pDestCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_GENERATED)!=0 ){
      if( sqlite3ExprCompare(0, pSrcCol->pDflt, pDestCol->pDflt, -1)!=0 ){
        testcase( pDestCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL );
        testcase( pDestCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_STORED );
        return 0;  /* Different generator expressions */
      }
    }
#endif
    if( pDestCol->affinity!=pSrcCol->affinity ){
      return 0;    /* Affinity must be the same on all columns */
    }
    if( sqlite3_stricmp(pDestCol->zColl, pSrcCol->zColl)!=0 ){
      return 0;    /* Collating sequence must be the same on all columns */
    }
    if( pDestCol->notNull && !pSrcCol->notNull ){
      return 0;    /* tab2 must be NOT NULL if tab1 is */
    }
    /* Default values for second and subsequent columns need to match. */
    if( (pDestCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_GENERATED)==0 && i>0 ){
      assert( pDestCol->pDflt==0 || pDestCol->pDflt->op==TK_SPAN );
      assert( pSrcCol->pDflt==0 || pSrcCol->pDflt->op==TK_SPAN );
      if( (pDestCol->pDflt==0)!=(pSrcCol->pDflt==0) 
       || (pDestCol->pDflt && strcmp(pDestCol->pDflt->u.zToken,
                                       pSrcCol->pDflt->u.zToken)!=0)
      ){
        return 0;    /* Default values must be the same for all columns */

#else
  0,
#endif
  /* Version 3.28.0 and later */
  sqlite3_stmt_isexplain,
  sqlite3_value_frombind,
  /* Version 3.30.0 and later */

  sqlite3_drop_modules,




  sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64
};

/*
** Attempt to load an SQLite extension library contained in the file
** zFile.  The entry point is zProc.  zProc may be 0 in which case a
** default entry point name (sqlite3_extension_init) is used.  Use
** of the default name is recommended.

#else
  0,
#endif
  /* Version 3.28.0 and later */
  sqlite3_stmt_isexplain,
  sqlite3_value_frombind,
  /* Version 3.30.0 and later */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
  sqlite3_drop_modules,
#else
  0,
#endif
  /* Version 3.31.0 and later */
  sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64,
};

/*
** Attempt to load an SQLite extension library contained in the file
** zFile.  The entry point is zProc.  zProc may be 0 in which case a
** default entry point name (sqlite3_extension_init) is used.  Use
** of the default name is recommended.

  }else{
    pStart = pBuf;
  }
  db->lookaside.pStart = pStart;
  db->lookaside.pInit = 0;
  db->lookaside.pFree = 0;
  db->lookaside.sz = (u16)sz;

  if( pStart ){
    int i;
    LookasideSlot *p;
    assert( sz > (int)sizeof(LookasideSlot*) );
    db->lookaside.nSlot = cnt;
    p = (LookasideSlot*)pStart;
    for(i=cnt-1; i>=0; i--){
................................................................................
    db->lookaside.pEnd = p;
    db->lookaside.bDisable = 0;
    db->lookaside.bMalloced = pBuf==0 ?1:0;
  }else{
    db->lookaside.pStart = db;
    db->lookaside.pEnd = db;
    db->lookaside.bDisable = 1;

    db->lookaside.bMalloced = 0;
    db->lookaside.nSlot = 0;
  }
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_LOOKASIDE */
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

................................................................................
        { SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE,        SQLITE_ResetDatabase  },
        { SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE,             SQLITE_Defensive      },
        { SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA,       SQLITE_WriteSchema|
                                                 SQLITE_NoSchemaError  },
        { SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE,    SQLITE_LegacyAlter    },
        { SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL,               SQLITE_DqsDDL         },
        { SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML,               SQLITE_DqsDML         },

      };
      unsigned int i;
      rc = SQLITE_ERROR; /* IMP: R-42790-23372 */
      for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aFlagOp); i++){
        if( aFlagOp[i].op==op ){
          int onoff = va_arg(ap, int);
          int *pRes = va_arg(ap, int*);
................................................................................
   || (255<(nName = sqlite3Strlen30( zFunctionName)))
  ){
    return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
  }

  assert( SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT==SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC );
  assert( SQLITE_FUNC_DIRECT==SQLITE_DIRECTONLY );
  extraFlags = enc &  (SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC|SQLITE_DIRECTONLY);
  enc &= (SQLITE_FUNC_ENCMASK|SQLITE_ANY);
  
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_UTF16
  /* If SQLITE_UTF16 is specified as the encoding type, transform this
  ** to one of SQLITE_UTF16LE or SQLITE_UTF16BE using the
  ** SQLITE_UTF16NATIVE macro. SQLITE_UTF16 is not used internally.
  **
................................................................................
  }
  sqlite3_mutex_enter(db->mutex);
  db->errMask = 0xff;
  db->nDb = 2;
  db->magic = SQLITE_MAGIC_BUSY;
  db->aDb = db->aDbStatic;
  db->lookaside.bDisable = 1;


  assert( sizeof(db->aLimit)==sizeof(aHardLimit) );
  memcpy(db->aLimit, aHardLimit, sizeof(db->aLimit));
  db->aLimit[SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS] = SQLITE_DEFAULT_WORKER_THREADS;
  db->autoCommit = 1;
  db->nextAutovac = -1;
  db->szMmap = sqlite3GlobalConfig.szMmap;
................................................................................
    }
  }
  va_end(ap);
#endif /* SQLITE_UNTESTABLE */
  return rc;
}




















/*
** This is a utility routine, useful to VFS implementations, that checks
** to see if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query 
** parameter, and if so obtains the value of the query parameter.
**
** The zFilename argument is the filename pointer passed into the xOpen()
** method of a VFS implementation.  The zParam argument is the name of the

  }else{
    pStart = pBuf;
  }
  db->lookaside.pStart = pStart;
  db->lookaside.pInit = 0;
  db->lookaside.pFree = 0;
  db->lookaside.sz = (u16)sz;
  db->lookaside.szTrue = (u16)sz;
  if( pStart ){
    int i;
    LookasideSlot *p;
    assert( sz > (int)sizeof(LookasideSlot*) );
    db->lookaside.nSlot = cnt;
    p = (LookasideSlot*)pStart;
    for(i=cnt-1; i>=0; i--){
................................................................................
    db->lookaside.pEnd = p;
    db->lookaside.bDisable = 0;
    db->lookaside.bMalloced = pBuf==0 ?1:0;
  }else{
    db->lookaside.pStart = db;
    db->lookaside.pEnd = db;
    db->lookaside.bDisable = 1;
    db->lookaside.sz = 0;
    db->lookaside.bMalloced = 0;
    db->lookaside.nSlot = 0;
  }
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_LOOKASIDE */
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

................................................................................
        { SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE,        SQLITE_ResetDatabase  },
        { SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE,             SQLITE_Defensive      },
        { SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA,       SQLITE_WriteSchema|
                                                 SQLITE_NoSchemaError  },
        { SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE,    SQLITE_LegacyAlter    },
        { SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL,               SQLITE_DqsDDL         },
        { SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML,               SQLITE_DqsDML         },
        { SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT,    SQLITE_LegacyFileFmt  },
      };
      unsigned int i;
      rc = SQLITE_ERROR; /* IMP: R-42790-23372 */
      for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aFlagOp); i++){
        if( aFlagOp[i].op==op ){
          int onoff = va_arg(ap, int);
          int *pRes = va_arg(ap, int*);
................................................................................
   || (255<(nName = sqlite3Strlen30( zFunctionName)))
  ){
    return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
  }

  assert( SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT==SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC );
  assert( SQLITE_FUNC_DIRECT==SQLITE_DIRECTONLY );
  extraFlags = enc &  (SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC|SQLITE_DIRECTONLY|SQLITE_SUBTYPE);
  enc &= (SQLITE_FUNC_ENCMASK|SQLITE_ANY);
  
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_UTF16
  /* If SQLITE_UTF16 is specified as the encoding type, transform this
  ** to one of SQLITE_UTF16LE or SQLITE_UTF16BE using the
  ** SQLITE_UTF16NATIVE macro. SQLITE_UTF16 is not used internally.
  **
................................................................................
  }
  sqlite3_mutex_enter(db->mutex);
  db->errMask = 0xff;
  db->nDb = 2;
  db->magic = SQLITE_MAGIC_BUSY;
  db->aDb = db->aDbStatic;
  db->lookaside.bDisable = 1;
  db->lookaside.sz = 0;

  assert( sizeof(db->aLimit)==sizeof(aHardLimit) );
  memcpy(db->aLimit, aHardLimit, sizeof(db->aLimit));
  db->aLimit[SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS] = SQLITE_DEFAULT_WORKER_THREADS;
  db->autoCommit = 1;
  db->nextAutovac = -1;
  db->szMmap = sqlite3GlobalConfig.szMmap;
................................................................................
    }
  }
  va_end(ap);
#endif /* SQLITE_UNTESTABLE */
  return rc;
}

#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
/*
** This routine appears inside assert() statements only.
**
** Return the number of URI parameters that follow the filename.
*/
int sqlite3UriCount(const char *z){
  int n = 0;
  if( z==0 ) return 0;
  z += strlen(z)+1;
  while( z[0] ){
    z += strlen(z)+1;
    z += strlen(z)+1;
    n++;
  }
  return n;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_DEBUG */

/*
** This is a utility routine, useful to VFS implementations, that checks
** to see if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query 
** parameter, and if so obtains the value of the query parameter.
**
** The zFilename argument is the filename pointer passed into the xOpen()
** method of a VFS implementation.  The zParam argument is the name of the

      assert( sqlite3MemdebugHasType(p, (MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE|MEMTYPE_HEAP)) );
      assert( sqlite3MemdebugNoType(p, (u8)~(MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE|MEMTYPE_HEAP)) );
    }
#endif
    return sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xSize(p);
  }else{
    assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(db->mutex) );
    return db->lookaside.sz;
  }
}
sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3_msize(void *p){
  assert( sqlite3MemdebugNoType(p, (u8)~MEMTYPE_HEAP) );
  assert( sqlite3MemdebugHasType(p, MEMTYPE_HEAP) );
  return p ? sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xSize(p) : 0;
}
................................................................................
      measureAllocationSize(db, p);
      return;
    }
    if( isLookaside(db, p) ){
      LookasideSlot *pBuf = (LookasideSlot*)p;
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
      /* Trash all content in the buffer being freed */
      memset(p, 0xaa, db->lookaside.sz);
#endif
      pBuf->pNext = db->lookaside.pFree;
      db->lookaside.pFree = pBuf;
      return;
    }
  }
  assert( sqlite3MemdebugHasType(p, (MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE|MEMTYPE_HEAP)) );
................................................................................
}
void *sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(sqlite3 *db, u64 n){
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_LOOKASIDE
  LookasideSlot *pBuf;
  assert( db!=0 );
  assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(db->mutex) );
  assert( db->pnBytesFreed==0 );

  if( db->lookaside.bDisable==0 ){
    assert( db->mallocFailed==0 );
    if( n>db->lookaside.sz ){

      db->lookaside.anStat[1]++;
    }else if( (pBuf = db->lookaside.pFree)!=0 ){
      db->lookaside.pFree = pBuf->pNext;
      db->lookaside.anStat[0]++;
      return (void*)pBuf;
    }else if( (pBuf = db->lookaside.pInit)!=0 ){
      db->lookaside.pInit = pBuf->pNext;
      db->lookaside.anStat[0]++;
      return (void*)pBuf;
    }else{
      db->lookaside.anStat[2]++;
    }
  }else if( db->mallocFailed ){
    return 0;
  }
#else
  assert( db!=0 );
  assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(db->mutex) );
  assert( db->pnBytesFreed==0 );
  if( db->mallocFailed ){
    return 0;
................................................................................
** Resize the block of memory pointed to by p to n bytes. If the
** resize fails, set the mallocFailed flag in the connection object.
*/
void *sqlite3DbRealloc(sqlite3 *db, void *p, u64 n){
  assert( db!=0 );
  if( p==0 ) return sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(db, n);
  assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(db->mutex) );
  if( isLookaside(db,p) && n<=db->lookaside.sz ) return p;
  return dbReallocFinish(db, p, n);
}
static SQLITE_NOINLINE void *dbReallocFinish(sqlite3 *db, void *p, u64 n){
  void *pNew = 0;
  assert( db!=0 );
  assert( p!=0 );
  if( db->mallocFailed==0 ){
    if( isLookaside(db, p) ){
      pNew = sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(db, n);
      if( pNew ){
        memcpy(pNew, p, db->lookaside.sz);
        sqlite3DbFree(db, p);
      }
    }else{
      assert( sqlite3MemdebugHasType(p, (MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE|MEMTYPE_HEAP)) );
      assert( sqlite3MemdebugNoType(p, (u8)~(MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE|MEMTYPE_HEAP)) );
      sqlite3MemdebugSetType(p, MEMTYPE_HEAP);
      pNew = sqlite3_realloc64(p, n);
................................................................................
*/
void sqlite3OomFault(sqlite3 *db){
  if( db->mallocFailed==0 && db->bBenignMalloc==0 ){
    db->mallocFailed = 1;
    if( db->nVdbeExec>0 ){
      db->u1.isInterrupted = 1;
    }
    db->lookaside.bDisable++;
    if( db->pParse ){
      db->pParse->rc = SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
    }
  }
}

/*
................................................................................
** VDBEs.
*/
void sqlite3OomClear(sqlite3 *db){
  if( db->mallocFailed && db->nVdbeExec==0 ){
    db->mallocFailed = 0;
    db->u1.isInterrupted = 0;
    assert( db->lookaside.bDisable>0 );
    db->lookaside.bDisable--;
  }
}

/*
** Take actions at the end of an API call to indicate an OOM error
*/
static SQLITE_NOINLINE int apiOomError(sqlite3 *db){

      assert( sqlite3MemdebugHasType(p, (MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE|MEMTYPE_HEAP)) );
      assert( sqlite3MemdebugNoType(p, (u8)~(MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE|MEMTYPE_HEAP)) );
    }
#endif
    return sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xSize(p);
  }else{
    assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(db->mutex) );
    return db->lookaside.szTrue;
  }
}
sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3_msize(void *p){
  assert( sqlite3MemdebugNoType(p, (u8)~MEMTYPE_HEAP) );
  assert( sqlite3MemdebugHasType(p, MEMTYPE_HEAP) );
  return p ? sqlite3GlobalConfig.m.xSize(p) : 0;
}
................................................................................
      measureAllocationSize(db, p);
      return;
    }
    if( isLookaside(db, p) ){
      LookasideSlot *pBuf = (LookasideSlot*)p;
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
      /* Trash all content in the buffer being freed */
      memset(p, 0xaa, db->lookaside.szTrue);
#endif
      pBuf->pNext = db->lookaside.pFree;
      db->lookaside.pFree = pBuf;
      return;
    }
  }
  assert( sqlite3MemdebugHasType(p, (MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE|MEMTYPE_HEAP)) );
................................................................................
}
void *sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(sqlite3 *db, u64 n){
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_LOOKASIDE
  LookasideSlot *pBuf;
  assert( db!=0 );
  assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(db->mutex) );
  assert( db->pnBytesFreed==0 );
  if( n>db->lookaside.sz ){
    if( db->lookaside.bDisable ){
      return db->mallocFailed ? 0 : dbMallocRawFinish(db, n);

    }
    db->lookaside.anStat[1]++;
  }else if( (pBuf = db->lookaside.pFree)!=0 ){
    db->lookaside.pFree = pBuf->pNext;
    db->lookaside.anStat[0]++;
    return (void*)pBuf;
  }else if( (pBuf = db->lookaside.pInit)!=0 ){
    db->lookaside.pInit = pBuf->pNext;
    db->lookaside.anStat[0]++;
    return (void*)pBuf;
  }else{
    db->lookaside.anStat[2]++;



  }
#else
  assert( db!=0 );
  assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(db->mutex) );
  assert( db->pnBytesFreed==0 );
  if( db->mallocFailed ){
    return 0;
................................................................................
** Resize the block of memory pointed to by p to n bytes. If the
** resize fails, set the mallocFailed flag in the connection object.
*/
void *sqlite3DbRealloc(sqlite3 *db, void *p, u64 n){
  assert( db!=0 );
  if( p==0 ) return sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(db, n);
  assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(db->mutex) );
  if( isLookaside(db,p) && n<=db->lookaside.szTrue ) return p;
  return dbReallocFinish(db, p, n);
}
static SQLITE_NOINLINE void *dbReallocFinish(sqlite3 *db, void *p, u64 n){
  void *pNew = 0;
  assert( db!=0 );
  assert( p!=0 );
  if( db->mallocFailed==0 ){
    if( isLookaside(db, p) ){
      pNew = sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(db, n);
      if( pNew ){
        memcpy(pNew, p, db->lookaside.szTrue);
        sqlite3DbFree(db, p);
      }
    }else{
      assert( sqlite3MemdebugHasType(p, (MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE|MEMTYPE_HEAP)) );
      assert( sqlite3MemdebugNoType(p, (u8)~(MEMTYPE_LOOKASIDE|MEMTYPE_HEAP)) );
      sqlite3MemdebugSetType(p, MEMTYPE_HEAP);
      pNew = sqlite3_realloc64(p, n);
................................................................................
*/
void sqlite3OomFault(sqlite3 *db){
  if( db->mallocFailed==0 && db->bBenignMalloc==0 ){
    db->mallocFailed = 1;
    if( db->nVdbeExec>0 ){
      db->u1.isInterrupted = 1;
    }
    DisableLookaside;
    if( db->pParse ){
      db->pParse->rc = SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
    }
  }
}

/*
................................................................................
** VDBEs.
*/
void sqlite3OomClear(sqlite3 *db){
  if( db->mallocFailed && db->nVdbeExec==0 ){
    db->mallocFailed = 0;
    db->u1.isInterrupted = 0;
    assert( db->lookaside.bDisable>0 );
    EnableLookaside;
  }
}

/*
** Take actions at the end of an API call to indicate an OOM error
*/
static SQLITE_NOINLINE int apiOomError(sqlite3 *db){

#define sqlite3_mutex_notheld(X)  ((void)(X),1)
#define sqlite3MutexAlloc(X)      ((sqlite3_mutex*)8)
#define sqlite3MutexInit()        SQLITE_OK
#define sqlite3MutexEnd()
#define MUTEX_LOGIC(X)
#else
#define MUTEX_LOGIC(X)            X

#endif /* defined(SQLITE_MUTEX_OMIT) */

#define sqlite3_mutex_notheld(X)  ((void)(X),1)
#define sqlite3MutexAlloc(X)      ((sqlite3_mutex*)8)
#define sqlite3MutexInit()        SQLITE_OK
#define sqlite3MutexEnd()
#define MUTEX_LOGIC(X)
#else
#define MUTEX_LOGIC(X)            X
int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
#endif /* defined(SQLITE_MUTEX_OMIT) */

#if SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE
# include <sys/ioctl.h>
# include <sys/file.h>
# include <sys/param.h>
#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE */















#if defined(__APPLE__) && ((__MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED > 1050) || \
                           (__IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED > 2000))
#  if (!defined(TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED) || (TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED==0)) \
       && (!defined(TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR) || (TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR==0))

#    define HAVE_GETHOSTUUID 1
#  else
#    warning "gethostuuid() is disabled."

#  endif
#endif


#if OS_VXWORKS
# include <sys/ioctl.h>
# include <semaphore.h>
................................................................................
** corresponding database file and sets *pMode to this value. Whenever 
** possible, WAL and journal files are created using the same permissions 
** as the associated database file.
**
** If the SQLITE_ENABLE_8_3_NAMES option is enabled, then the
** original filename is unavailable.  But 8_3_NAMES is only used for
** FAT filesystems and permissions do not matter there, so just use
** the default permissions.
*/
static int findCreateFileMode(
  const char *zPath,              /* Path of file (possibly) being created */
  int flags,                      /* Flags passed as 4th argument to xOpen() */
  mode_t *pMode,                  /* OUT: Permissions to open file with */
  uid_t *pUid,                    /* OUT: uid to set on the file */
  gid_t *pGid                     /* OUT: gid to set on the file */
................................................................................
    }
    if( fd<0 ){
      int rc2 = unixLogError(SQLITE_CANTOPEN_BKPT, "open", zName);
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = rc2;
      goto open_finished;
    }

    /* If this process is running as root and if creating a new rollback
    ** journal or WAL file, set the ownership of the journal or WAL to be
    ** the same as the original database.








    */
    if( flags & (SQLITE_OPEN_WAL|SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL) ){
      robustFchown(fd, uid, gid);
    }
  }
  assert( fd>=0 );
  if( pOutFlags ){
    *pOutFlags = flags;
  }
................................................................................
#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
/* simulate multiple hosts by creating unique hostid file paths */
int sqlite3_hostid_num = 0;
#endif

#define PROXY_HOSTIDLEN    16  /* conch file host id length */

#ifdef HAVE_GETHOSTUUID
/* Not always defined in the headers as it ought to be */
extern int gethostuuid(uuid_t id, const struct timespec *wait);
#endif

/* get the host ID via gethostuuid(), pHostID must point to PROXY_HOSTIDLEN 
** bytes of writable memory.
*/
static int proxyGetHostID(unsigned char *pHostID, int *pError){
  assert(PROXY_HOSTIDLEN == sizeof(uuid_t));
  memset(pHostID, 0, PROXY_HOSTIDLEN);
#ifdef HAVE_GETHOSTUUID
  {
    struct timespec timeout = {1, 0}; /* 1 sec timeout */
    if( gethostuuid(pHostID, &timeout) ){
      int err = errno;
      if( pError ){
        *pError = err;
      }

#if SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE
# include <sys/ioctl.h>
# include <sys/file.h>
# include <sys/param.h>
#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE */

/*
** Try to determine if gethostuuid() is available based on standard
** macros.  This might sometimes compute the wrong value for some
** obscure platforms.  For those cases, simply compile with one of
** the following:
**
**    -DHAVE_GETHOSTUUID=0
**    -DHAVE_GETHOSTUUID=1
**
** None if this matters except when building on Apple products with
** -DSQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE.
*/
#ifndef HAVE_GETHOSTUUID
# define HAVE_GETHOSTUUID 0
# if defined(__APPLE__) && ((__MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED > 1050) || \
                            (__IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED > 2000))
#    if (!defined(TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED) || (TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED==0)) \
         && (!defined(TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR) || (TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR==0))
#      undef HAVE_GETHOSTUUID
#      define HAVE_GETHOSTUUID 1
#    else
#      warning "gethostuuid() is disabled."
#    endif
#  endif
#endif


#if OS_VXWORKS
# include <sys/ioctl.h>
# include <semaphore.h>
................................................................................
** corresponding database file and sets *pMode to this value. Whenever 
** possible, WAL and journal files are created using the same permissions 
** as the associated database file.
**
** If the SQLITE_ENABLE_8_3_NAMES option is enabled, then the
** original filename is unavailable.  But 8_3_NAMES is only used for
** FAT filesystems and permissions do not matter there, so just use
** the default permissions.  In 8_3_NAMES mode, leave *pMode set to zero.
*/
static int findCreateFileMode(
  const char *zPath,              /* Path of file (possibly) being created */
  int flags,                      /* Flags passed as 4th argument to xOpen() */
  mode_t *pMode,                  /* OUT: Permissions to open file with */
  uid_t *pUid,                    /* OUT: uid to set on the file */
  gid_t *pGid                     /* OUT: gid to set on the file */
................................................................................
    }
    if( fd<0 ){
      int rc2 = unixLogError(SQLITE_CANTOPEN_BKPT, "open", zName);
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = rc2;
      goto open_finished;
    }

    /* The owner of the rollback journal or WAL file should always be the
    ** same as the owner of the database file.  Try to ensure that this is
    ** the case.  The chown() system call will be a no-op if the current
    ** process lacks root privileges, be we should at least try.  Without
    ** this step, if a root process opens a database file, it can leave
    ** behinds a journal/WAL that is owned by root and hence make the
    ** database inaccessible to unprivileged processes.
    **
    ** If openMode==0, then that means uid and gid are not set correctly
    ** (probably because SQLite is configured to use 8+3 filename mode) and
    ** in that case we do not want to attempt the chown().
    */
    if( openMode && (flags & (SQLITE_OPEN_WAL|SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL))!=0 ){
      robustFchown(fd, uid, gid);
    }
  }
  assert( fd>=0 );
  if( pOutFlags ){
    *pOutFlags = flags;
  }
................................................................................
#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
/* simulate multiple hosts by creating unique hostid file paths */
int sqlite3_hostid_num = 0;
#endif

#define PROXY_HOSTIDLEN    16  /* conch file host id length */

#if HAVE_GETHOSTUUID
/* Not always defined in the headers as it ought to be */
extern int gethostuuid(uuid_t id, const struct timespec *wait);
#endif

/* get the host ID via gethostuuid(), pHostID must point to PROXY_HOSTIDLEN 
** bytes of writable memory.
*/
static int proxyGetHostID(unsigned char *pHostID, int *pError){
  assert(PROXY_HOSTIDLEN == sizeof(uuid_t));
  memset(pHostID, 0, PROXY_HOSTIDLEN);
#if HAVE_GETHOSTUUID
  {
    struct timespec timeout = {1, 0}; /* 1 sec timeout */
    if( gethostuuid(pHostID, &timeout) ){
      int err = errno;
      if( pError ){
        *pError = err;
      }

  int journalFileSize;     /* Bytes to allocate for each journal fd */
  char *zPathname = 0;     /* Full path to database file */
  int nPathname = 0;       /* Number of bytes in zPathname */
  int useJournal = (flags & PAGER_OMIT_JOURNAL)==0; /* False to omit journal */
  int pcacheSize = sqlite3PcacheSize();       /* Bytes to allocate for PCache */
  u32 szPageDflt = SQLITE_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE;  /* Default page size */
  const char *zUri = 0;    /* URI args to copy */
  int nUri = 0;            /* Number of bytes of URI args at *zUri */


  /* Figure out how much space is required for each journal file-handle
  ** (there are two of them, the main journal and the sub-journal).  */
  journalFileSize = ROUND8(sqlite3JournalSize(pVfs));

  /* Set the output variable to NULL in case an error occurs. */
  *ppPager = 0;
................................................................................
      return SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
    }
    zPathname[0] = 0; /* Make sure initialized even if FullPathname() fails */
    rc = sqlite3OsFullPathname(pVfs, zFilename, nPathname, zPathname);
    nPathname = sqlite3Strlen30(zPathname);
    z = zUri = &zFilename[sqlite3Strlen30(zFilename)+1];
    while( *z ){
      z += sqlite3Strlen30(z)+1;
      z += sqlite3Strlen30(z)+1;

    }
    nUri = (int)(&z[1] - zUri);
    assert( nUri>=0 );
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK && nPathname+8>pVfs->mxPathname ){
      /* This branch is taken when the journal path required by
      ** the database being opened will be more than pVfs->mxPathname
      ** bytes in length. This means the database cannot be opened,
      ** as it will not be possible to open the journal file or even
      ** check for a hot-journal before reading.
      */
................................................................................
  **     Journal file name               (nPathname+8+1 bytes)
  */
  pPtr = (u8 *)sqlite3MallocZero(
    ROUND8(sizeof(*pPager)) +      /* Pager structure */
    ROUND8(pcacheSize) +           /* PCache object */
    ROUND8(pVfs->szOsFile) +       /* The main db file */
    journalFileSize * 2 +          /* The two journal files */ 
    nPathname + 1 + nUri +         /* zFilename */
    nPathname + 8 + 2              /* zJournal */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL
    + nPathname + 4 + 2            /* zWal */
#endif
  );
  assert( EIGHT_BYTE_ALIGNMENT(SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(journalFileSize)) );
  if( !pPtr ){
................................................................................
  pPager->jfd =  (sqlite3_file*)(pPtr += journalFileSize);
  pPager->zFilename =    (char*)(pPtr += journalFileSize);
  assert( EIGHT_BYTE_ALIGNMENT(pPager->jfd) );

  /* Fill in the Pager.zFilename and Pager.zJournal buffers, if required. */
  if( zPathname ){
    assert( nPathname>0 );
    pPager->zJournal =   (char*)(pPtr += nPathname + 1 + nUri);
    memcpy(pPager->zFilename, zPathname, nPathname);
    if( nUri ) memcpy(&pPager->zFilename[nPathname+1], zUri, nUri);

    memcpy(pPager->zJournal, zPathname, nPathname);
    memcpy(&pPager->zJournal[nPathname], "-journal\000", 8+2);
    sqlite3FileSuffix3(pPager->zFilename, pPager->zJournal);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL
    pPager->zWal = &pPager->zJournal[nPathname+8+1];
    memcpy(pPager->zWal, zPathname, nPathname);
    memcpy(&pPager->zWal[nPathname], "-wal\000", 4+1);
    sqlite3FileSuffix3(pPager->zFilename, pPager->zWal);

#endif


    sqlite3DbFree(0, zPathname);
  }
  pPager->pVfs = pVfs;
  pPager->vfsFlags = vfsFlags;

  /* Open the pager file.
  */

  int journalFileSize;     /* Bytes to allocate for each journal fd */
  char *zPathname = 0;     /* Full path to database file */
  int nPathname = 0;       /* Number of bytes in zPathname */
  int useJournal = (flags & PAGER_OMIT_JOURNAL)==0; /* False to omit journal */
  int pcacheSize = sqlite3PcacheSize();       /* Bytes to allocate for PCache */
  u32 szPageDflt = SQLITE_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE;  /* Default page size */
  const char *zUri = 0;    /* URI args to copy */
  int nUriByte = 1;        /* Number of bytes of URI args at *zUri */
  int nUri = 0;            /* Number of URI parameters */

  /* Figure out how much space is required for each journal file-handle
  ** (there are two of them, the main journal and the sub-journal).  */
  journalFileSize = ROUND8(sqlite3JournalSize(pVfs));

  /* Set the output variable to NULL in case an error occurs. */
  *ppPager = 0;
................................................................................
      return SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
    }
    zPathname[0] = 0; /* Make sure initialized even if FullPathname() fails */
    rc = sqlite3OsFullPathname(pVfs, zFilename, nPathname, zPathname);
    nPathname = sqlite3Strlen30(zPathname);
    z = zUri = &zFilename[sqlite3Strlen30(zFilename)+1];
    while( *z ){
      z += strlen(z)+1;
      z += strlen(z)+1;
      nUri++;
    }
    nUriByte = (int)(&z[2] - zUri);
    assert( nUriByte>=1 );
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK && nPathname+8>pVfs->mxPathname ){
      /* This branch is taken when the journal path required by
      ** the database being opened will be more than pVfs->mxPathname
      ** bytes in length. This means the database cannot be opened,
      ** as it will not be possible to open the journal file or even
      ** check for a hot-journal before reading.
      */
................................................................................
  **     Journal file name               (nPathname+8+1 bytes)
  */
  pPtr = (u8 *)sqlite3MallocZero(
    ROUND8(sizeof(*pPager)) +      /* Pager structure */
    ROUND8(pcacheSize) +           /* PCache object */
    ROUND8(pVfs->szOsFile) +       /* The main db file */
    journalFileSize * 2 +          /* The two journal files */ 
    nPathname + 1 + nUriByte +     /* zFilename */
    nPathname + 8 + 2              /* zJournal */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL
    + nPathname + 4 + 2            /* zWal */
#endif
  );
  assert( EIGHT_BYTE_ALIGNMENT(SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(journalFileSize)) );
  if( !pPtr ){
................................................................................
  pPager->jfd =  (sqlite3_file*)(pPtr += journalFileSize);
  pPager->zFilename =    (char*)(pPtr += journalFileSize);
  assert( EIGHT_BYTE_ALIGNMENT(pPager->jfd) );

  /* Fill in the Pager.zFilename and Pager.zJournal buffers, if required. */
  if( zPathname ){
    assert( nPathname>0 );

    memcpy(pPager->zFilename, zPathname, nPathname);
    if( nUri ) memcpy(&pPager->zFilename[nPathname+1], zUri, nUriByte);
    pPager->zJournal =   (char*)(pPtr += nPathname + 1 + nUriByte);
    memcpy(pPager->zJournal, zPathname, nPathname);
    memcpy(&pPager->zJournal[nPathname], "-journal", 8);
    sqlite3FileSuffix3(pPager->zFilename, pPager->zJournal);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL
    pPager->zWal = (char*)(pPtr += nPathname + 8 + 2);
    memcpy(pPager->zWal, zPathname, nPathname);
    memcpy(&pPager->zWal[nPathname], "-wal", 4);
    sqlite3FileSuffix3(pPager->zFilename, pPager->zWal);
    assert( sqlite3UriCount(pPager->zWal)==0 );
#endif
    assert( sqlite3UriCount(pPager->zFilename)==nUri );
    assert( sqlite3UriCount(pPager->zJournal)==0 );
    sqlite3DbFree(0, zPathname);
  }
  pPager->pVfs = pVfs;
  pPager->vfsFlags = vfsFlags;

  /* Open the pager file.
  */

struct FrameBound     { int eType; Expr *pExpr; };

/*
** Disable lookaside memory allocation for objects that might be
** shared across database connections.
*/
static void disableLookaside(Parse *pParse){

  pParse->disableLookaside++;
  pParse->db->lookaside.bDisable++;

}

} // end %include

// Input is a single SQL command
input ::= cmdlist.
cmdlist ::= cmdlist ecmd.
................................................................................
%fallback ID
  ABORT ACTION AFTER ANALYZE ASC ATTACH BEFORE BEGIN BY CASCADE CAST COLUMNKW
  CONFLICT DATABASE DEFERRED DESC DETACH DO
  EACH END EXCLUSIVE EXPLAIN FAIL FOR
  IGNORE IMMEDIATE INITIALLY INSTEAD LIKE_KW MATCH NO PLAN
  QUERY KEY OF OFFSET PRAGMA RAISE RECURSIVE RELEASE REPLACE RESTRICT ROW ROWS
  ROLLBACK SAVEPOINT TEMP TRIGGER VACUUM VIEW VIRTUAL WITH WITHOUT

%ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT
  EXCEPT INTERSECT UNION
%endif SQLITE_OMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT
%ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
  CURRENT FOLLOWING PARTITION PRECEDING RANGE UNBOUNDED
  EXCLUDE GROUPS OTHERS TIES
%endif SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC



  REINDEX RENAME CTIME_KW IF
  .
%wildcard ANY.

// Define operator precedence early so that this is the first occurrence
// of the operator tokens in the grammer.  Keeping the operators together
// causes them to be assigned integer values that are close together,
................................................................................
ccons ::= UNIQUE onconf(R).      {sqlite3CreateIndex(pParse,0,0,0,0,R,0,0,0,0,
                                   SQLITE_IDXTYPE_UNIQUE);}
ccons ::= CHECK LP expr(X) RP.   {sqlite3AddCheckConstraint(pParse,X);}
ccons ::= REFERENCES nm(T) eidlist_opt(TA) refargs(R).
                                 {sqlite3CreateForeignKey(pParse,0,&T,TA,R);}
ccons ::= defer_subclause(D).    {sqlite3DeferForeignKey(pParse,D);}
ccons ::= COLLATE ids(C).        {sqlite3AddCollateType(pParse, &C);}





// The optional AUTOINCREMENT keyword
%type autoinc {int}
autoinc(X) ::= .          {X = 0;}
autoinc(X) ::= AUTOINCR.  {X = 1;}

// The next group of rules parses the arguments to a REFERENCES clause
................................................................................
// sort order.
//
%type sortlist {ExprList*}
%destructor sortlist {sqlite3ExprListDelete(pParse->db, $$);}

orderby_opt(A) ::= .                          {A = 0;}
orderby_opt(A) ::= ORDER BY sortlist(X).      {A = X;}
sortlist(A) ::= sortlist(A) COMMA expr(Y) sortorder(Z). {
  A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,A,Y);
  sqlite3ExprListSetSortOrder(A,Z);
}
sortlist(A) ::= expr(Y) sortorder(Z). {
  A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,0,Y); /*A-overwrites-Y*/
  sqlite3ExprListSetSortOrder(A,Z);
}

%type sortorder {int}

sortorder(A) ::= ASC.           {A = SQLITE_SO_ASC;}
sortorder(A) ::= DESC.          {A = SQLITE_SO_DESC;}
sortorder(A) ::= .              {A = SQLITE_SO_UNDEFINED;}






%type groupby_opt {ExprList*}
%destructor groupby_opt {sqlite3ExprListDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
groupby_opt(A) ::= .                      {A = 0;}
groupby_opt(A) ::= GROUP BY nexprlist(X). {A = X;}

%type having_opt {Expr*}
%destructor having_opt {sqlite3ExprDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
................................................................................
}

expr(A) ::= LP nexprlist(X) COMMA expr(Y) RP. {
  ExprList *pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, X, Y);
  A = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_VECTOR, 0, 0);
  if( A ){
    A->x.pList = pList;



  }else{
    sqlite3ExprListDelete(pParse->db, pList);
  }
}

expr(A) ::= expr(A) AND expr(Y).        {A=sqlite3ExprAnd(pParse,A,Y);}
expr(A) ::= expr(A) OR(OP) expr(Y).     {A=sqlite3PExpr(pParse,@OP,A,Y);}
................................................................................
      **      expr1 IN ()
      **      expr1 NOT IN ()
      **
      ** simplify to constants 0 (false) and 1 (true), respectively,
      ** regardless of the value of expr1.
      */
      sqlite3ExprUnmapAndDelete(pParse, A);
      A = sqlite3ExprAlloc(pParse->db, TK_INTEGER,&sqlite3IntTokens[N],1);
    }else if( Y->nExpr==1 ){
      /* Expressions of the form:
      **
      **      expr1 IN (?1)
      **      expr1 NOT IN (?2)
      **
      ** with exactly one value on the RHS can be simplified to something
      ** like this:
      **
      **      expr1 == ?1
      **      expr1 <> ?2
      **
      ** But, the RHS of the == or <> is marked with the EP_Generic flag
      ** so that it may not contribute to the computation of comparison
      ** affinity or the collating sequence to use for comparison.  Otherwise,
      ** the semantics would be subtly different from IN or NOT IN.
      */
      Expr *pRHS = Y->a[0].pExpr;
      Y->a[0].pExpr = 0;
      sqlite3ExprListDelete(pParse->db, Y);
      /* pRHS cannot be NULL because a malloc error would have been detected
      ** before now and control would have never reached this point */
      if( ALWAYS(pRHS) ){
        pRHS->flags &= ~EP_Collate;
        pRHS->flags |= EP_Generic;
      }
      A = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, N ? TK_NE : TK_EQ, A, pRHS);
    }else{
      A = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_IN, A, 0);
      if( A ){
        A->x.pList = Y;
        sqlite3ExprSetHeightAndFlags(pParse, A);
      }else{
        sqlite3ExprListDelete(pParse->db, Y);
................................................................................
%endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC */

/*
** The code generator needs some extra TK_ token values for tokens that
** are synthesized and do not actually appear in the grammar:
*/
%token
  TRUEFALSE       /* True or false keyword */
  ISNOT           /* Combination of IS and NOT */
  FUNCTION        /* A function invocation */
  COLUMN          /* Reference to a table column */
  AGG_FUNCTION    /* An aggregate function */
  AGG_COLUMN      /* An aggregated column */



  UMINUS          /* Unary minus */
  UPLUS           /* Unary plus */
  TRUTH           /* IS TRUE or IS FALSE or IS NOT TRUE or IS NOT FALSE */
  REGISTER        /* Reference to a VDBE register */
  VECTOR          /* Vector */
  SELECT_COLUMN   /* Choose a single column from a multi-column SELECT */
  IF_NULL_ROW     /* the if-null-row operator */

struct FrameBound     { int eType; Expr *pExpr; };

/*
** Disable lookaside memory allocation for objects that might be
** shared across database connections.
*/
static void disableLookaside(Parse *pParse){
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
  pParse->disableLookaside++;

  DisableLookaside;
}

} // end %include

// Input is a single SQL command
input ::= cmdlist.
cmdlist ::= cmdlist ecmd.
................................................................................
%fallback ID
  ABORT ACTION AFTER ANALYZE ASC ATTACH BEFORE BEGIN BY CASCADE CAST COLUMNKW
  CONFLICT DATABASE DEFERRED DESC DETACH DO
  EACH END EXCLUSIVE EXPLAIN FAIL FOR
  IGNORE IMMEDIATE INITIALLY INSTEAD LIKE_KW MATCH NO PLAN
  QUERY KEY OF OFFSET PRAGMA RAISE RECURSIVE RELEASE REPLACE RESTRICT ROW ROWS
  ROLLBACK SAVEPOINT TEMP TRIGGER VACUUM VIEW VIRTUAL WITH WITHOUT
  NULLS FIRST LAST
%ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT
  EXCEPT INTERSECT UNION
%endif SQLITE_OMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT
%ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
  CURRENT FOLLOWING PARTITION PRECEDING RANGE UNBOUNDED
  EXCLUDE GROUPS OTHERS TIES
%endif SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
%ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
  GENERATED ALWAYS
%endif
  REINDEX RENAME CTIME_KW IF
  .
%wildcard ANY.

// Define operator precedence early so that this is the first occurrence
// of the operator tokens in the grammer.  Keeping the operators together
// causes them to be assigned integer values that are close together,
................................................................................
ccons ::= UNIQUE onconf(R).      {sqlite3CreateIndex(pParse,0,0,0,0,R,0,0,0,0,
                                   SQLITE_IDXTYPE_UNIQUE);}
ccons ::= CHECK LP expr(X) RP.   {sqlite3AddCheckConstraint(pParse,X);}
ccons ::= REFERENCES nm(T) eidlist_opt(TA) refargs(R).
                                 {sqlite3CreateForeignKey(pParse,0,&T,TA,R);}
ccons ::= defer_subclause(D).    {sqlite3DeferForeignKey(pParse,D);}
ccons ::= COLLATE ids(C).        {sqlite3AddCollateType(pParse, &C);}
ccons ::= GENERATED ALWAYS AS generated.
ccons ::= AS generated.
generated ::= LP expr(E) RP.          {sqlite3AddGenerated(pParse,E,0);}
generated ::= LP expr(E) RP ID(TYPE). {sqlite3AddGenerated(pParse,E,&TYPE);}

// The optional AUTOINCREMENT keyword
%type autoinc {int}
autoinc(X) ::= .          {X = 0;}
autoinc(X) ::= AUTOINCR.  {X = 1;}

// The next group of rules parses the arguments to a REFERENCES clause
................................................................................
// sort order.
//
%type sortlist {ExprList*}
%destructor sortlist {sqlite3ExprListDelete(pParse->db, $$);}

orderby_opt(A) ::= .                          {A = 0;}
orderby_opt(A) ::= ORDER BY sortlist(X).      {A = X;}
sortlist(A) ::= sortlist(A) COMMA expr(Y) sortorder(Z) nulls(X). {
  A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,A,Y);
  sqlite3ExprListSetSortOrder(A,Z,X);
}
sortlist(A) ::= expr(Y) sortorder(Z) nulls(X). {
  A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,0,Y); /*A-overwrites-Y*/
  sqlite3ExprListSetSortOrder(A,Z,X);
}

%type sortorder {int}

sortorder(A) ::= ASC.           {A = SQLITE_SO_ASC;}
sortorder(A) ::= DESC.          {A = SQLITE_SO_DESC;}
sortorder(A) ::= .              {A = SQLITE_SO_UNDEFINED;}

%type nulls {int}
nulls(A) ::= NULLS FIRST.       {A = SQLITE_SO_ASC;}
nulls(A) ::= NULLS LAST.        {A = SQLITE_SO_DESC;}
nulls(A) ::= .                  {A = SQLITE_SO_UNDEFINED;}

%type groupby_opt {ExprList*}
%destructor groupby_opt {sqlite3ExprListDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
groupby_opt(A) ::= .                      {A = 0;}
groupby_opt(A) ::= GROUP BY nexprlist(X). {A = X;}

%type having_opt {Expr*}
%destructor having_opt {sqlite3ExprDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
................................................................................
}

expr(A) ::= LP nexprlist(X) COMMA expr(Y) RP. {
  ExprList *pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, X, Y);
  A = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_VECTOR, 0, 0);
  if( A ){
    A->x.pList = pList;
    if( ALWAYS(pList->nExpr) ){
      A->flags |= pList->a[0].pExpr->flags & EP_Propagate;
    }
  }else{
    sqlite3ExprListDelete(pParse->db, pList);
  }
}

expr(A) ::= expr(A) AND expr(Y).        {A=sqlite3ExprAnd(pParse,A,Y);}
expr(A) ::= expr(A) OR(OP) expr(Y).     {A=sqlite3PExpr(pParse,@OP,A,Y);}
................................................................................
      **      expr1 IN ()
      **      expr1 NOT IN ()
      **
      ** simplify to constants 0 (false) and 1 (true), respectively,
      ** regardless of the value of expr1.
      */
      sqlite3ExprUnmapAndDelete(pParse, A);
      A = sqlite3Expr(pParse->db, TK_INTEGER, N ? "1" : "0");



























    }else{
      A = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_IN, A, 0);
      if( A ){
        A->x.pList = Y;
        sqlite3ExprSetHeightAndFlags(pParse, A);
      }else{
        sqlite3ExprListDelete(pParse->db, Y);
................................................................................
%endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC */

/*
** The code generator needs some extra TK_ token values for tokens that
** are synthesized and do not actually appear in the grammar:
*/
%token



  COLUMN          /* Reference to a table column */
  AGG_FUNCTION    /* An aggregate function */
  AGG_COLUMN      /* An aggregated column */
  TRUEFALSE       /* True or false keyword */
  ISNOT           /* Combination of IS and NOT */
  FUNCTION        /* A function invocation */
  UMINUS          /* Unary minus */
  UPLUS           /* Unary plus */
  TRUTH           /* IS TRUE or IS FALSE or IS NOT TRUE or IS NOT FALSE */
  REGISTER        /* Reference to a VDBE register */
  VECTOR          /* Vector */
  SELECT_COLUMN   /* Choose a single column from a multi-column SELECT */
  IF_NULL_ROW     /* the if-null-row operator */

      int nHidden = 0;
      Column *pCol;
      Index *pPk = sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(pTab);
      pParse->nMem = 7;
      sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(pParse, iTabDb);
      sqlite3ViewGetColumnNames(pParse, pTab);
      for(i=0, pCol=pTab->aCol; i<pTab->nCol; i++, pCol++){
        int isHidden = IsHiddenColumn(pCol);

        if( isHidden && pPragma->iArg==0 ){
          nHidden++;
          continue;








        }
        if( (pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_PRIMKEY)==0 ){
          k = 0;
        }else if( pPk==0 ){
          k = 1;
        }else{
          for(k=1; k<=pTab->nCol && pPk->aiColumn[k-1]!=i; k++){}
        }
        assert( pCol->pDflt==0 || pCol->pDflt->op==TK_SPAN );
        sqlite3VdbeMultiLoad(v, 1, pPragma->iArg ? "issisii" : "issisi",
               i-nHidden,
               pCol->zName,
               sqlite3ColumnType(pCol,""),
               pCol->notNull ? 1 : 0,
               pCol->pDflt ? pCol->pDflt->u.zToken : 0,
               k,
               isHidden);
      }
    }
  }
  break;

................................................................................
        }
        assert( pParse->nMem>=8+j );
        assert( sqlite3NoTempsInRange(pParse,1,7+j) );
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rewind, iDataCur, 0); VdbeCoverage(v);
        loopTop = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_AddImm, 7, 1);
        if( !isQuick ){
          /* Sanity check on record header decoding */
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, iDataCur, pTab->nCol-1, 3);
          sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG);
        }
        /* Verify that all NOT NULL columns really are NOT NULL */
        for(j=0; j<pTab->nCol; j++){
          char *zErr;
          int jmp2;
          if( j==pTab->iPKey ) continue;

      int nHidden = 0;
      Column *pCol;
      Index *pPk = sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(pTab);
      pParse->nMem = 7;
      sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(pParse, iTabDb);
      sqlite3ViewGetColumnNames(pParse, pTab);
      for(i=0, pCol=pTab->aCol; i<pTab->nCol; i++, pCol++){
        int isHidden = 0;
        if( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_NOINSERT ){
          if( pPragma->iArg==0 ){
            nHidden++;
            continue;
          }
          if( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL ){
            isHidden = 2;  /* GENERATED ALWAYS AS ... VIRTUAL */
          }else if( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_STORED ){
            isHidden = 3;  /* GENERATED ALWAYS AS ... STORED */
          }else{ assert( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_HIDDEN );
            isHidden = 1;  /* HIDDEN */
          }
        }
        if( (pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_PRIMKEY)==0 ){
          k = 0;
        }else if( pPk==0 ){
          k = 1;
        }else{
          for(k=1; k<=pTab->nCol && pPk->aiColumn[k-1]!=i; k++){}
        }
        assert( pCol->pDflt==0 || pCol->pDflt->op==TK_SPAN || isHidden>=2 );
        sqlite3VdbeMultiLoad(v, 1, pPragma->iArg ? "issisii" : "issisi",
               i-nHidden,
               pCol->zName,
               sqlite3ColumnType(pCol,""),
               pCol->notNull ? 1 : 0,
               pCol->pDflt && isHidden<2 ? pCol->pDflt->u.zToken : 0,
               k,
               isHidden);
      }
    }
  }
  break;

................................................................................
        }
        assert( pParse->nMem>=8+j );
        assert( sqlite3NoTempsInRange(pParse,1,7+j) );
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rewind, iDataCur, 0); VdbeCoverage(v);
        loopTop = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_AddImm, 7, 1);
        if( !isQuick ){
          /* Sanity check on record header decoding */
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, iDataCur, pTab->nNVCol-1,3);
          sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG);
        }
        /* Verify that all NOT NULL columns really are NOT NULL */
        for(j=0; j<pTab->nCol; j++){
          char *zErr;
          int jmp2;
          if( j==pTab->iPKey ) continue;

#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_FLAG_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "legacy_alter_table",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_FLAG,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_NoColumns1,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ SQLITE_LegacyAlter },
 {/* zName:     */ "legacy_file_format",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_FLAG,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_NoColumns1,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ SQLITE_LegacyFileFmt },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_PAGER_PRAGMAS) && SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE
 {/* zName:     */ "lock_proxy_file",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_LOCK_PROXY_FILE,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NoColumns1,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
................................................................................
 {/* zName:     */ "writable_schema",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_FLAG,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_NoColumns1,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ SQLITE_WriteSchema|SQLITE_NoSchemaError },
#endif
};
/* Number of pragmas: 66 on by default, 82 total. */

#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_FLAG_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "legacy_alter_table",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_FLAG,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_NoColumns1,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ SQLITE_LegacyAlter },





#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_PAGER_PRAGMAS) && SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE
 {/* zName:     */ "lock_proxy_file",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_LOCK_PROXY_FILE,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NoColumns1,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
................................................................................
 {/* zName:     */ "writable_schema",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_FLAG,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_NoColumns1,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ SQLITE_WriteSchema|SQLITE_NoSchemaError },
#endif
};
/* Number of pragmas: 65 on by default, 81 total. */

int sqlite3IndexHasDuplicateRootPage(Index *pIndex){
  Index *p;
  for(p=pIndex->pTable->pIndex; p; p=p->pNext){
    if( p->tnum==pIndex->tnum && p!=pIndex ) return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}













/*
** This is the callback routine for the code that initializes the
** database.  See sqlite3Init() below for additional information.
** This routine is also called from the OP_ParseSchema opcode of the VDBE.
**
** Each callback contains the following information:
................................................................................
    TESTONLY(int rcp);            /* Return code from sqlite3_prepare() */

    assert( db->init.busy );
    db->init.iDb = iDb;
    db->init.newTnum = sqlite3Atoi(argv[3]);
    db->init.orphanTrigger = 0;
    db->init.azInit = argv;

    TESTONLY(rcp = ) sqlite3_prepare(db, argv[4], -1, &pStmt, 0);
    rc = db->errCode;
    assert( (rc&0xFF)==(rcp&0xFF) );
    db->init.iDb = saved_iDb;
    /* assert( saved_iDb==0 || (db->mDbFlags & DBFLAG_Vacuum)!=0 ); */
    if( SQLITE_OK!=rc ){
      if( db->init.orphanTrigger ){
        assert( iDb==1 );
................................................................................
void sqlite3ParserReset(Parse *pParse){
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
  sqlite3DbFree(db, pParse->aLabel);
  sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pParse->pConstExpr);
  if( db ){
    assert( db->lookaside.bDisable >= pParse->disableLookaside );
    db->lookaside.bDisable -= pParse->disableLookaside;

  }
  pParse->disableLookaside = 0;
}

/*
** Compile the UTF-8 encoded SQL statement zSql into a statement handle.
*/
................................................................................
  assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(db->mutex) );

  /* For a long-term use prepared statement avoid the use of
  ** lookaside memory.
  */
  if( prepFlags & SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT ){
    sParse.disableLookaside++;
    db->lookaside.bDisable++;
  }
  sParse.disableVtab = (prepFlags & SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB)!=0;

  /* Check to verify that it is possible to get a read lock on all
  ** database schemas.  The inability to get a read lock indicates that
  ** some other database connection is holding a write-lock, which in
  ** turn means that the other connection has made uncommitted changes
................................................................................
  ** locks on the schema, we just need to make sure nobody else is 
  ** holding them.
  **
  ** Note that setting READ_UNCOMMITTED overrides most lock detection,
  ** but it does *not* override schema lock detection, so this all still
  ** works even if READ_UNCOMMITTED is set.
  */

  for(i=0; i<db->nDb; i++) {
    Btree *pBt = db->aDb[i].pBt;
    if( pBt ){
      assert( sqlite3BtreeHoldsMutex(pBt) );
      rc = sqlite3BtreeSchemaLocked(pBt);
      if( rc ){
        const char *zDb = db->aDb[i].zDbSName;
        sqlite3ErrorWithMsg(db, rc, "database schema is locked: %s", zDb);
        testcase( db->flags & SQLITE_ReadUncommit );
        goto end_prepare;

      }
    }
  }

  sqlite3VtabUnlockList(db);

  sParse.db = db;
................................................................................
      sParse.zTail = &zSql[nBytes];
    }
  }else{
    sqlite3RunParser(&sParse, zSql, &zErrMsg);
  }
  assert( 0==sParse.nQueryLoop );

  if( sParse.rc==SQLITE_DONE ) sParse.rc = SQLITE_OK;


  if( sParse.checkSchema ){
    schemaIsValid(&sParse);
  }
  if( db->mallocFailed ){
    sParse.rc = SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
  }
  if( pzTail ){
    *pzTail = sParse.zTail;
  }
  rc = sParse.rc;

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
  /* Justification for the ALWAYS(): The only way for rc to be SQLITE_OK and
  ** sParse.pVdbe to be NULL is if the input SQL is an empty string, but in
  ** that case, sParse.explain will be false. */
  if( sParse.explain && rc==SQLITE_OK && ALWAYS(sParse.pVdbe) ){
    static const char * const azColName[] = {
       "addr", "opcode", "p1", "p2", "p3", "p4", "p5", "comment",
       "id", "parent", "notused", "detail"
    };
    int iFirst, mx;
    if( sParse.explain==2 ){
      sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(sParse.pVdbe, 4);
      iFirst = 8;
      mx = 12;
    }else{
      sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(sParse.pVdbe, 8);
      iFirst = 0;
      mx = 8;
    }
    for(i=iFirst; i<mx; i++){
      sqlite3VdbeSetColName(sParse.pVdbe, i-iFirst, COLNAME_NAME,
                            azColName[i], SQLITE_STATIC);
    }
  }
#endif

  if( db->init.busy==0 ){
    sqlite3VdbeSetSql(sParse.pVdbe, zSql, (int)(sParse.zTail-zSql), prepFlags);
  }
  if( rc!=SQLITE_OK || db->mallocFailed ){




    if( sParse.pVdbe ) sqlite3VdbeFinalize(sParse.pVdbe);
    assert(!(*ppStmt));
  }else{
    *ppStmt = (sqlite3_stmt*)sParse.pVdbe;
  }

  if( zErrMsg ){

int sqlite3IndexHasDuplicateRootPage(Index *pIndex){
  Index *p;
  for(p=pIndex->pTable->pIndex; p; p=p->pNext){
    if( p->tnum==pIndex->tnum && p!=pIndex ) return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}

/* forward declaration */
static int sqlite3Prepare(
  sqlite3 *db,              /* Database handle. */
  const char *zSql,         /* UTF-8 encoded SQL statement. */
  int nBytes,               /* Length of zSql in bytes. */
  u32 prepFlags,            /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_* flags */
  Vdbe *pReprepare,         /* VM being reprepared */
  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,    /* OUT: A pointer to the prepared statement */
  const char **pzTail       /* OUT: End of parsed string */
);


/*
** This is the callback routine for the code that initializes the
** database.  See sqlite3Init() below for additional information.
** This routine is also called from the OP_ParseSchema opcode of the VDBE.
**
** Each callback contains the following information:
................................................................................
    TESTONLY(int rcp);            /* Return code from sqlite3_prepare() */

    assert( db->init.busy );
    db->init.iDb = iDb;
    db->init.newTnum = sqlite3Atoi(argv[3]);
    db->init.orphanTrigger = 0;
    db->init.azInit = argv;
    pStmt = 0;
    TESTONLY(rcp = ) sqlite3Prepare(db, argv[4], -1, 0, 0, &pStmt, 0);
    rc = db->errCode;
    assert( (rc&0xFF)==(rcp&0xFF) );
    db->init.iDb = saved_iDb;
    /* assert( saved_iDb==0 || (db->mDbFlags & DBFLAG_Vacuum)!=0 ); */
    if( SQLITE_OK!=rc ){
      if( db->init.orphanTrigger ){
        assert( iDb==1 );
................................................................................
void sqlite3ParserReset(Parse *pParse){
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
  sqlite3DbFree(db, pParse->aLabel);
  sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pParse->pConstExpr);
  if( db ){
    assert( db->lookaside.bDisable >= pParse->disableLookaside );
    db->lookaside.bDisable -= pParse->disableLookaside;
    db->lookaside.sz = db->lookaside.bDisable ? 0 : db->lookaside.szTrue;
  }
  pParse->disableLookaside = 0;
}

/*
** Compile the UTF-8 encoded SQL statement zSql into a statement handle.
*/
................................................................................
  assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(db->mutex) );

  /* For a long-term use prepared statement avoid the use of
  ** lookaside memory.
  */
  if( prepFlags & SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT ){
    sParse.disableLookaside++;
    DisableLookaside;
  }
  sParse.disableVtab = (prepFlags & SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB)!=0;

  /* Check to verify that it is possible to get a read lock on all
  ** database schemas.  The inability to get a read lock indicates that
  ** some other database connection is holding a write-lock, which in
  ** turn means that the other connection has made uncommitted changes
................................................................................
  ** locks on the schema, we just need to make sure nobody else is 
  ** holding them.
  **
  ** Note that setting READ_UNCOMMITTED overrides most lock detection,
  ** but it does *not* override schema lock detection, so this all still
  ** works even if READ_UNCOMMITTED is set.
  */
  if( !db->noSharedCache ){
    for(i=0; i<db->nDb; i++) {
      Btree *pBt = db->aDb[i].pBt;
      if( pBt ){
        assert( sqlite3BtreeHoldsMutex(pBt) );
        rc = sqlite3BtreeSchemaLocked(pBt);
        if( rc ){
          const char *zDb = db->aDb[i].zDbSName;
          sqlite3ErrorWithMsg(db, rc, "database schema is locked: %s", zDb);
          testcase( db->flags & SQLITE_ReadUncommit );
          goto end_prepare;
        }
      }
    }
  }

  sqlite3VtabUnlockList(db);

  sParse.db = db;
................................................................................
      sParse.zTail = &zSql[nBytes];
    }
  }else{
    sqlite3RunParser(&sParse, zSql, &zErrMsg);
  }
  assert( 0==sParse.nQueryLoop );

  if( sParse.rc==SQLITE_DONE ){
    sParse.rc = SQLITE_OK;
  }
  if( sParse.checkSchema ){
    schemaIsValid(&sParse);
  }



  if( pzTail ){
    *pzTail = sParse.zTail;
  }




























  if( db->init.busy==0 ){
    sqlite3VdbeSetSql(sParse.pVdbe, zSql, (int)(sParse.zTail-zSql), prepFlags);
  }
  if( db->mallocFailed ){
    sParse.rc = SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
  }
  rc = sParse.rc;
  if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
    if( sParse.pVdbe ) sqlite3VdbeFinalize(sParse.pVdbe);
    assert(!(*ppStmt));
  }else{
    *ppStmt = (sqlite3_stmt*)sParse.pVdbe;
  }

  if( zErrMsg ){

    ExprSetProperty(pExpr, EP_Static);
    sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pExpr);
    memcpy(pExpr, pDup, sizeof(*pExpr));
    if( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_IntValue) && pExpr->u.zToken!=0 ){
      assert( (pExpr->flags & (EP_Reduced|EP_TokenOnly))==0 );
      pExpr->u.zToken = sqlite3DbStrDup(db, pExpr->u.zToken);
      pExpr->flags |= EP_MemToken;







    }
    sqlite3DbFree(db, pDup);
  }
  ExprSetProperty(pExpr, EP_Alias);
}


................................................................................

    /*
    ** Perhaps the name is a reference to the ROWID
    */
    if( cnt==0
     && cntTab==1
     && pMatch
     && (pNC->ncFlags & NC_IdxExpr)==0
     && sqlite3IsRowid(zCol)
     && VisibleRowid(pMatch->pTab)
    ){
      cnt = 1;
      pExpr->iColumn = -1;
      pExpr->affExpr = SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER;
    }
................................................................................
*/
static void notValid(
  Parse *pParse,       /* Leave error message here */
  NameContext *pNC,    /* The name context */
  const char *zMsg,    /* Type of error */
  int validMask        /* Set of contexts for which prohibited */
){
  assert( (validMask&~(NC_IsCheck|NC_PartIdx|NC_IdxExpr))==0 );
  if( (pNC->ncFlags & validMask)!=0 ){
    const char *zIn = "partial index WHERE clauses";
    if( pNC->ncFlags & NC_IdxExpr )      zIn = "index expressions";
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_CHECK
    else if( pNC->ncFlags & NC_IsCheck ) zIn = "CHECK constraints";
#endif



    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "%s prohibited in %s", zMsg, zIn);
  }
}

/*
** Expression p should encode a floating point value between 1.0 and 0.0.
** Return 1024 times this value.  Or return -1 if p is not a floating point
................................................................................

      if( pExpr->op==TK_ID ){
        zDb = 0;
        zTable = 0;
        zColumn = pExpr->u.zToken;
      }else{
        Expr *pLeft = pExpr->pLeft;
        notValid(pParse, pNC, "the \".\" operator", NC_IdxExpr);
        pRight = pExpr->pRight;
        if( pRight->op==TK_ID ){
          zDb = 0;
        }else{
          assert( pRight->op==TK_DOT );
          zDb = pLeft->u.zToken;
          pLeft = pRight->pLeft;
................................................................................
            return WRC_Prune;
          }
        }
#endif
        if( pDef->funcFlags & (SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT|SQLITE_FUNC_SLOCHNG) ){
          /* For the purposes of the EP_ConstFunc flag, date and time
          ** functions and other functions that change slowly are considered
          ** constant because they are constant for the duration of one query */

          ExprSetProperty(pExpr,EP_ConstFunc);
        }
        if( (pDef->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT)==0 ){
          /* Date/time functions that use 'now', and other functions like
          ** sqlite_version() that might change over time cannot be used
          ** in an index. */
          notValid(pParse, pNC, "non-deterministic functions",
                   NC_IdxExpr|NC_PartIdx);



        }
        if( (pDef->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_INTERNAL)!=0
         && pParse->nested==0
         && sqlite3Config.bInternalFunctions==0
        ){
          /* Internal-use-only functions are disallowed unless the
          ** SQL is being compiled using sqlite3NestedParse() */
................................................................................
    case TK_SELECT:
    case TK_EXISTS:  testcase( pExpr->op==TK_EXISTS );
#endif
    case TK_IN: {
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_IN );
      if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_xIsSelect) ){
        int nRef = pNC->nRef;
        notValid(pParse, pNC, "subqueries", NC_IsCheck|NC_PartIdx|NC_IdxExpr);

        sqlite3WalkSelect(pWalker, pExpr->x.pSelect);
        assert( pNC->nRef>=nRef );
        if( nRef!=pNC->nRef ){
          ExprSetProperty(pExpr, EP_VarSelect);
          pNC->ncFlags |= NC_VarSelect;
        }
      }
      break;
    }
    case TK_VARIABLE: {
      notValid(pParse, pNC, "parameters", NC_IsCheck|NC_PartIdx|NC_IdxExpr);

      break;
    }
    case TK_IS:
    case TK_ISNOT: {
      Expr *pRight = sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(pExpr->pRight);
      assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_Reduced) );
      /* Handle special cases of "x IS TRUE", "x IS FALSE", "x IS NOT TRUE",
      ** and "x IS NOT FALSE". */
      if( pRight->op==TK_ID ){
        int rc = resolveExprStep(pWalker, pRight);
        if( rc==WRC_Abort ) return WRC_Abort;
        if( pRight->op==TK_TRUEFALSE ){
................................................................................
    moreToDo = 0;
    pEList = pSelect->pEList;
    assert( pEList!=0 );
    for(i=0, pItem=pOrderBy->a; i<pOrderBy->nExpr; i++, pItem++){
      int iCol = -1;
      Expr *pE, *pDup;
      if( pItem->done ) continue;
      pE = sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(pItem->pExpr);
      if( sqlite3ExprIsInteger(pE, &iCol) ){
        if( iCol<=0 || iCol>pEList->nExpr ){
          resolveOutOfRangeError(pParse, "ORDER", i+1, pEList->nExpr);
          return 1;
        }
      }else{
        iCol = resolveAsName(pParse, pEList, pE);
................................................................................
  int nResult;                   /* Number of terms in the result set */

  if( pOrderBy==0 ) return 0;
  nResult = pSelect->pEList->nExpr;
  pParse = pNC->pParse;
  for(i=0, pItem=pOrderBy->a; i<pOrderBy->nExpr; i++, pItem++){
    Expr *pE = pItem->pExpr;
    Expr *pE2 = sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(pE);
    if( zType[0]!='G' ){
      iCol = resolveAsName(pParse, pSelect->pEList, pE2);
      if( iCol>0 ){
        /* If an AS-name match is found, mark this ORDER BY column as being
        ** a copy of the iCol-th result-set column.  The subsequent call to
        ** sqlite3ResolveOrderGroupBy() will convert the expression to a
        ** copy of the iCol-th result-set expression. */
................................................................................
  sqlite3WalkSelect(&w, p);
}

/*
** Resolve names in expressions that can only reference a single table
** or which cannot reference any tables at all.  Examples:
**


**    (1)   CHECK constraints
**    (2)   WHERE clauses on partial indices
**    (3)   Expressions in indexes on expressions
**    (4)   Expression arguments to VACUUM INTO.

**
** In all cases except (4), the Expr.iTable value for Expr.op==TK_COLUMN
** nodes of the expression is set to -1 and the Expr.iColumn value is
** set to the column number.  In case (4), TK_COLUMN nodes cause an error.
**
** Any errors cause an error message to be set in pParse.
*/
int sqlite3ResolveSelfReference(
  Parse *pParse,      /* Parsing context */
  Table *pTab,        /* The table being referenced, or NULL */
  int type,           /* NC_IsCheck or NC_PartIdx or NC_IdxExpr, or 0 */
  Expr *pExpr,        /* Expression to resolve.  May be NULL. */
  ExprList *pList     /* Expression list to resolve.  May be NULL. */
){
  SrcList sSrc;                   /* Fake SrcList for pParse->pNewTable */
  NameContext sNC;                /* Name context for pParse->pNewTable */
  int rc;

  assert( type==0 || pTab!=0 );
  assert( type==NC_IsCheck || type==NC_PartIdx || type==NC_IdxExpr || pTab==0 );

  memset(&sNC, 0, sizeof(sNC));
  memset(&sSrc, 0, sizeof(sSrc));
  if( pTab ){
    sSrc.nSrc = 1;
    sSrc.a[0].zName = pTab->zName;
    sSrc.a[0].pTab = pTab;
    sSrc.a[0].iCursor = -1;

    ExprSetProperty(pExpr, EP_Static);
    sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pExpr);
    memcpy(pExpr, pDup, sizeof(*pExpr));
    if( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_IntValue) && pExpr->u.zToken!=0 ){
      assert( (pExpr->flags & (EP_Reduced|EP_TokenOnly))==0 );
      pExpr->u.zToken = sqlite3DbStrDup(db, pExpr->u.zToken);
      pExpr->flags |= EP_MemToken;
    }
    if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_WinFunc) ){
      if( pExpr->y.pWin!=0 ){
        pExpr->y.pWin->pOwner = pExpr;
      }else{
        assert( db->mallocFailed );
      }
    }
    sqlite3DbFree(db, pDup);
  }
  ExprSetProperty(pExpr, EP_Alias);
}


................................................................................

    /*
    ** Perhaps the name is a reference to the ROWID
    */
    if( cnt==0
     && cntTab==1
     && pMatch
     && (pNC->ncFlags & (NC_IdxExpr|NC_GenCol))==0
     && sqlite3IsRowid(zCol)
     && VisibleRowid(pMatch->pTab)
    ){
      cnt = 1;
      pExpr->iColumn = -1;
      pExpr->affExpr = SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER;
    }
................................................................................
*/
static void notValid(
  Parse *pParse,       /* Leave error message here */
  NameContext *pNC,    /* The name context */
  const char *zMsg,    /* Type of error */
  int validMask        /* Set of contexts for which prohibited */
){
  assert( (validMask&~(NC_IsCheck|NC_PartIdx|NC_IdxExpr|NC_GenCol))==0 );
  if( (pNC->ncFlags & validMask)!=0 ){
    const char *zIn = "partial index WHERE clauses";
    if( pNC->ncFlags & NC_IdxExpr )      zIn = "index expressions";
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_CHECK
    else if( pNC->ncFlags & NC_IsCheck ) zIn = "CHECK constraints";
#endif
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
    else if( pNC->ncFlags & NC_GenCol ) zIn = "generated columns";
#endif
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "%s prohibited in %s", zMsg, zIn);
  }
}

/*
** Expression p should encode a floating point value between 1.0 and 0.0.
** Return 1024 times this value.  Or return -1 if p is not a floating point
................................................................................

      if( pExpr->op==TK_ID ){
        zDb = 0;
        zTable = 0;
        zColumn = pExpr->u.zToken;
      }else{
        Expr *pLeft = pExpr->pLeft;
        notValid(pParse, pNC, "the \".\" operator", NC_IdxExpr|NC_GenCol);
        pRight = pExpr->pRight;
        if( pRight->op==TK_ID ){
          zDb = 0;
        }else{
          assert( pRight->op==TK_DOT );
          zDb = pLeft->u.zToken;
          pLeft = pRight->pLeft;
................................................................................
            return WRC_Prune;
          }
        }
#endif
        if( pDef->funcFlags & (SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT|SQLITE_FUNC_SLOCHNG) ){
          /* For the purposes of the EP_ConstFunc flag, date and time
          ** functions and other functions that change slowly are considered
          ** constant because they are constant for the duration of one query.
          ** This allows them to be factored out of inner loops. */
          ExprSetProperty(pExpr,EP_ConstFunc);
        }
        if( (pDef->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT)==0 ){
          /* Date/time functions that use 'now', and other functions like
          ** sqlite_version() that might change over time cannot be used
          ** in an index. */
          notValid(pParse, pNC, "non-deterministic functions", NC_SelfRef);

        }else{
          assert( (NC_SelfRef & 0xff)==NC_SelfRef ); /* Must fit in 8 bits */
          pExpr->op2 = pNC->ncFlags & NC_SelfRef;
        }
        if( (pDef->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_INTERNAL)!=0
         && pParse->nested==0
         && sqlite3Config.bInternalFunctions==0
        ){
          /* Internal-use-only functions are disallowed unless the
          ** SQL is being compiled using sqlite3NestedParse() */
................................................................................
    case TK_SELECT:
    case TK_EXISTS:  testcase( pExpr->op==TK_EXISTS );
#endif
    case TK_IN: {
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_IN );
      if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_xIsSelect) ){
        int nRef = pNC->nRef;
        notValid(pParse, pNC, "subqueries", 
                 NC_IsCheck|NC_PartIdx|NC_IdxExpr|NC_GenCol);
        sqlite3WalkSelect(pWalker, pExpr->x.pSelect);
        assert( pNC->nRef>=nRef );
        if( nRef!=pNC->nRef ){
          ExprSetProperty(pExpr, EP_VarSelect);
          pNC->ncFlags |= NC_VarSelect;
        }
      }
      break;
    }
    case TK_VARIABLE: {
      notValid(pParse, pNC, "parameters",
               NC_IsCheck|NC_PartIdx|NC_IdxExpr|NC_GenCol);
      break;
    }
    case TK_IS:
    case TK_ISNOT: {
      Expr *pRight = sqlite3ExprSkipCollateAndLikely(pExpr->pRight);
      assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_Reduced) );
      /* Handle special cases of "x IS TRUE", "x IS FALSE", "x IS NOT TRUE",
      ** and "x IS NOT FALSE". */
      if( pRight->op==TK_ID ){
        int rc = resolveExprStep(pWalker, pRight);
        if( rc==WRC_Abort ) return WRC_Abort;
        if( pRight->op==TK_TRUEFALSE ){
................................................................................
    moreToDo = 0;
    pEList = pSelect->pEList;
    assert( pEList!=0 );
    for(i=0, pItem=pOrderBy->a; i<pOrderBy->nExpr; i++, pItem++){
      int iCol = -1;
      Expr *pE, *pDup;
      if( pItem->done ) continue;
      pE = sqlite3ExprSkipCollateAndLikely(pItem->pExpr);
      if( sqlite3ExprIsInteger(pE, &iCol) ){
        if( iCol<=0 || iCol>pEList->nExpr ){
          resolveOutOfRangeError(pParse, "ORDER", i+1, pEList->nExpr);
          return 1;
        }
      }else{
        iCol = resolveAsName(pParse, pEList, pE);
................................................................................
  int nResult;                   /* Number of terms in the result set */

  if( pOrderBy==0 ) return 0;
  nResult = pSelect->pEList->nExpr;
  pParse = pNC->pParse;
  for(i=0, pItem=pOrderBy->a; i<pOrderBy->nExpr; i++, pItem++){
    Expr *pE = pItem->pExpr;
    Expr *pE2 = sqlite3ExprSkipCollateAndLikely(pE);
    if( zType[0]!='G' ){
      iCol = resolveAsName(pParse, pSelect->pEList, pE2);
      if( iCol>0 ){
        /* If an AS-name match is found, mark this ORDER BY column as being
        ** a copy of the iCol-th result-set column.  The subsequent call to
        ** sqlite3ResolveOrderGroupBy() will convert the expression to a
        ** copy of the iCol-th result-set expression. */
................................................................................
  sqlite3WalkSelect(&w, p);
}

/*
** Resolve names in expressions that can only reference a single table
** or which cannot reference any tables at all.  Examples:
**
**                                                    "type" flag
**                                                    ------------
**    (1)   CHECK constraints                         NC_IsCheck
**    (2)   WHERE clauses on partial indices          NC_PartIdx
**    (3)   Expressions in indexes on expressions     NC_IdxExpr
**    (4)   Expression arguments to VACUUM INTO.      0
**    (5)   GENERATED ALWAYS as expressions           NC_GenCol
**
** In all cases except (4), the Expr.iTable value for Expr.op==TK_COLUMN
** nodes of the expression is set to -1 and the Expr.iColumn value is
** set to the column number.  In case (4), TK_COLUMN nodes cause an error.
**
** Any errors cause an error message to be set in pParse.
*/
int sqlite3ResolveSelfReference(
  Parse *pParse,   /* Parsing context */
  Table *pTab,     /* The table being referenced, or NULL */
  int type,        /* NC_IsCheck, NC_PartIdx, NC_IdxExpr, NC_GenCol, or 0 */
  Expr *pExpr,     /* Expression to resolve.  May be NULL. */
  ExprList *pList  /* Expression list to resolve.  May be NULL. */
){
  SrcList sSrc;                   /* Fake SrcList for pParse->pNewTable */
  NameContext sNC;                /* Name context for pParse->pNewTable */
  int rc;

  assert( type==0 || pTab!=0 );
  assert( type==NC_IsCheck || type==NC_PartIdx || type==NC_IdxExpr
          || type==NC_GenCol || pTab==0 );
  memset(&sNC, 0, sizeof(sNC));
  memset(&sSrc, 0, sizeof(sSrc));
  if( pTab ){
    sSrc.nSrc = 1;
    sSrc.a[0].zName = pTab->zName;
    sSrc.a[0].pTab = pTab;
    sSrc.a[0].iCursor = -1;

    sqlite3ExprDelete(db, p->pHaving);
    sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, p->pOrderBy);
    sqlite3ExprDelete(db, p->pLimit);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
    if( OK_IF_ALWAYS_TRUE(p->pWinDefn) ){
      sqlite3WindowListDelete(db, p->pWinDefn);
    }

#endif
    if( OK_IF_ALWAYS_TRUE(p->pWith) ) sqlite3WithDelete(db, p->pWith);
    assert( p->pWin==0 );
    if( bFree ) sqlite3DbFreeNN(db, p);
    p = pPrior;
    bFree = 1;
  }
}

/*
................................................................................
    }
    VdbeCoverage(v);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Compare, regPrevKey, regBase, pSort->nOBSat);
    pOp = sqlite3VdbeGetOp(v, pSort->addrSortIndex);
    if( pParse->db->mallocFailed ) return;
    pOp->p2 = nKey + nData;
    pKI = pOp->p4.pKeyInfo;
    memset(pKI->aSortOrder, 0, pKI->nKeyField); /* Makes OP_Jump testable */
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP4(v, -1, (char*)pKI, P4_KEYINFO);
    testcase( pKI->nAllField > pKI->nKeyField+2 );
    pOp->p4.pKeyInfo = sqlite3KeyInfoFromExprList(pParse,pSort->pOrderBy,nOBSat,
                                           pKI->nAllField-pKI->nKeyField-1);

    addrJmp = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Jump, addrJmp+1, 0, addrJmp+1); VdbeCoverage(v);
    pSort->labelBkOut = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
    pSort->regReturn = ++pParse->nMem;
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, pSort->regReturn, pSort->labelBkOut);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_ResetSorter, pSort->iECursor);
    if( iLimit ){
................................................................................
        ** row is all NULLs.
        */
        sqlite3VdbeChangeToNoop(v, pDistinct->addrTnct);
        pOp = sqlite3VdbeGetOp(v, pDistinct->addrTnct);
        pOp->opcode = OP_Null;
        pOp->p1 = 1;
        pOp->p2 = regPrev;


        iJump = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v) + nResultCol;
        for(i=0; i<nResultCol; i++){
          CollSeq *pColl = sqlite3ExprCollSeq(pParse, p->pEList->a[i].pExpr);
          if( i<nResultCol-1 ){
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Ne, regResult+i, iJump, regPrev+i);
            VdbeCoverage(v);
................................................................................
** Allocate a KeyInfo object sufficient for an index of N key columns and
** X extra columns.
*/
KeyInfo *sqlite3KeyInfoAlloc(sqlite3 *db, int N, int X){
  int nExtra = (N+X)*(sizeof(CollSeq*)+1) - sizeof(CollSeq*);
  KeyInfo *p = sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(db, sizeof(KeyInfo) + nExtra);
  if( p ){
    p->aSortOrder = (u8*)&p->aColl[N+X];
    p->nKeyField = (u16)N;
    p->nAllField = (u16)(N+X);
    p->enc = ENC(db);
    p->db = db;
    p->nRef = 1;
    memset(&p[1], 0, nExtra);
  }else{
................................................................................

  nExpr = pList->nExpr;
  pInfo = sqlite3KeyInfoAlloc(db, nExpr-iStart, nExtra+1);
  if( pInfo ){
    assert( sqlite3KeyInfoIsWriteable(pInfo) );
    for(i=iStart, pItem=pList->a+iStart; i<nExpr; i++, pItem++){
      pInfo->aColl[i-iStart] = sqlite3ExprNNCollSeq(pParse, pItem->pExpr);
      pInfo->aSortOrder[i-iStart] = pItem->sortOrder;
    }
  }
  return pInfo;
}

/*
** Name of the connection operator, used for error messages.
................................................................................

  for(i=0, pCol=aCol; i<nCol && !db->mallocFailed; i++, pCol++){
    /* Get an appropriate name for the column
    */
    if( (zName = pEList->a[i].zName)!=0 ){
      /* If the column contains an "AS <name>" phrase, use <name> as the name */
    }else{
      Expr *pColExpr = sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(pEList->a[i].pExpr);
      while( pColExpr->op==TK_DOT ){
        pColExpr = pColExpr->pRight;
        assert( pColExpr!=0 );
      }
      if( pColExpr->op==TK_COLUMN ){
        /* For columns use the column name name */
        int iCol = pColExpr->iColumn;
................................................................................
        pColl = multiSelectCollSeq(pParse, p, pItem->u.x.iOrderByCol-1);
        if( pColl==0 ) pColl = db->pDfltColl;
        pOrderBy->a[i].pExpr =
          sqlite3ExprAddCollateString(pParse, pTerm, pColl->zName);
      }
      assert( sqlite3KeyInfoIsWriteable(pRet) );
      pRet->aColl[i] = pColl;
      pRet->aSortOrder[i] = pOrderBy->a[i].sortOrder;
    }
  }

  return pRet;
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_CTE
................................................................................
    pParse->nMem += nExpr+1;
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 0, regPrev);
    pKeyDup = sqlite3KeyInfoAlloc(db, nExpr, 1);
    if( pKeyDup ){
      assert( sqlite3KeyInfoIsWriteable(pKeyDup) );
      for(i=0; i<nExpr; i++){
        pKeyDup->aColl[i] = multiSelectCollSeq(pParse, p, i);
        pKeyDup->aSortOrder[i] = 0;
      }
    }
  }
 
  /* Separate the left and the right query from one another
  */
  p->pPrior = 0;
................................................................................
        if( pNew && pSubst->isLeftJoin ){
          ExprSetProperty(pNew, EP_CanBeNull);
        }
        if( pNew && ExprHasProperty(pExpr,EP_FromJoin) ){
          pNew->iRightJoinTable = pExpr->iRightJoinTable;
          ExprSetProperty(pNew, EP_FromJoin);
        }
        if( pNew && ExprHasProperty(pExpr,EP_Generic) ){
          ExprSetProperty(pNew, EP_Generic);
        }
        sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pExpr);
        pExpr = pNew;












      }
    }
  }else{
    if( pExpr->op==TK_IF_NULL_ROW && pExpr->iTable==pSubst->iTable ){
      pExpr->iTable = pSubst->iNewTable;
    }
    pExpr->pLeft = substExpr(pSubst, pExpr->pLeft);
    pExpr->pRight = substExpr(pSubst, pExpr->pRight);
    if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_xIsSelect) ){
      substSelect(pSubst, pExpr->x.pSelect, 1);
    }else{
      substExprList(pSubst, pExpr->x.pList);
    }








  }
  return pExpr;
}
static void substExprList(
  SubstContext *pSubst, /* Description of the substitution */
  ExprList *pList       /* List to scan and in which to make substitutes */
){
................................................................................
  pRight = pExpr->pRight;
  pLeft = pExpr->pLeft;
  assert( pRight!=0 );
  assert( pLeft!=0 );
  if( pRight->op==TK_COLUMN
   && !ExprHasProperty(pRight, EP_FixedCol)
   && sqlite3ExprIsConstant(pLeft)
   && sqlite3IsBinary(sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq(pConst->pParse,pLeft,pRight))
  ){
    constInsert(pConst, pRight, pLeft);
  }else
  if( pLeft->op==TK_COLUMN
   && !ExprHasProperty(pLeft, EP_FixedCol)
   && sqlite3ExprIsConstant(pRight)
   && sqlite3IsBinary(sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq(pConst->pParse,pLeft,pRight))
  ){
    constInsert(pConst, pLeft, pRight);
  }
}

/*
** This is a Walker expression callback.  pExpr is a candidate expression
................................................................................
** analysis.
*/
static u8 minMaxQuery(sqlite3 *db, Expr *pFunc, ExprList **ppMinMax){
  int eRet = WHERE_ORDERBY_NORMAL;      /* Return value */
  ExprList *pEList = pFunc->x.pList;    /* Arguments to agg function */
  const char *zFunc;                    /* Name of aggregate function pFunc */
  ExprList *pOrderBy;
  u8 sortOrder;

  assert( *ppMinMax==0 );
  assert( pFunc->op==TK_AGG_FUNCTION );
  assert( !IsWindowFunc(pFunc) );
  if( pEList==0 || pEList->nExpr!=1 || ExprHasProperty(pFunc, EP_WinFunc) ){
    return eRet;
  }
  zFunc = pFunc->u.zToken;
  if( sqlite3StrICmp(zFunc, "min")==0 ){
    eRet = WHERE_ORDERBY_MIN;
    sortOrder = SQLITE_SO_ASC;
  }else if( sqlite3StrICmp(zFunc, "max")==0 ){
    eRet = WHERE_ORDERBY_MAX;
    sortOrder = SQLITE_SO_DESC;
  }else{
    return eRet;
  }
  *ppMinMax = pOrderBy = sqlite3ExprListDup(db, pEList, 0);
  assert( pOrderBy!=0 || db->mallocFailed );
  if( pOrderBy ) pOrderBy->a[0].sortOrder = sortOrder;
  return eRet;
}

/*
** The select statement passed as the first argument is an aggregate query.
** The second argument is the associated aggregate-info object. This 
** function tests if the SELECT is of the form:
................................................................................
){
  Parse *pParse = pWalker->pParse;
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
  struct Cte *pCte;               /* Matched CTE (or NULL if no match) */
  With *pWith;                    /* WITH clause that pCte belongs to */

  assert( pFrom->pTab==0 );




  pCte = searchWith(pParse->pWith, pFrom, &pWith);
  if( pCte ){
    Table *pTab;
    ExprList *pEList;
    Select *pSel;
    Select *pLeft;                /* Left-most SELECT statement */
................................................................................
    int addrNext = 0;
    int regAgg;
    ExprList *pList = pF->pExpr->x.pList;
    assert( !ExprHasProperty(pF->pExpr, EP_xIsSelect) );
    assert( !IsWindowFunc(pF->pExpr) );
    if( ExprHasProperty(pF->pExpr, EP_WinFunc) ){
      Expr *pFilter = pF->pExpr->y.pWin->pFilter;













      addrNext = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
      sqlite3ExprIfFalse(pParse, pFilter, addrNext, SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL);
    }
    if( pList ){
      nArg = pList->nExpr;
      regAgg = sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, nArg);
      sqlite3ExprCodeExprList(pParse, pList, regAgg, 0, SQLITE_ECEL_DUP);
................................................................................
  }
  if( regHit ){
    addrHitTest = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_If, regHit); VdbeCoverage(v);
  }
  for(i=0, pC=pAggInfo->aCol; i<pAggInfo->nAccumulator; i++, pC++){
    sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pC->pExpr, pC->iMem);
  }

  pAggInfo->directMode = 0;
  if( addrHitTest ){
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrHitTest);
  }
}

/*
................................................................................
** within the HAVING expression with a constant "1".
*/
static int havingToWhereExprCb(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
  if( pExpr->op!=TK_AND ){
    Select *pS = pWalker->u.pSelect;
    if( sqlite3ExprIsConstantOrGroupBy(pWalker->pParse, pExpr, pS->pGroupBy) ){
      sqlite3 *db = pWalker->pParse->db;
      Expr *pNew = sqlite3ExprAlloc(db, TK_INTEGER, &sqlite3IntTokens[1], 0);
      if( pNew ){
        Expr *pWhere = pS->pWhere;
        SWAP(Expr, *pNew, *pExpr);
        pNew = sqlite3ExprAnd(pWalker->pParse, pWhere, pNew);
        pS->pWhere = pNew;
        pWalker->eCode = 1;
      }
................................................................................
  }

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
  if( sqlite3WindowRewrite(pParse, p) ){
    goto select_end;
  }
#if SELECTTRACE_ENABLED
  if( sqlite3SelectTrace & 0x108 ){
    SELECTTRACE(0x104,pParse,p, ("after window rewrite:\n"));
    sqlite3TreeViewSelect(0, p, 0);
  }
#endif
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC */
  pTabList = p->pSrc;
  isAgg = (p->selFlags & SF_Aggregate)!=0;
................................................................................
        pItem->u.x.iAlias = 0;
      }
      for(k=pGroupBy->nExpr, pItem=pGroupBy->a; k>0; k--, pItem++){
        pItem->u.x.iAlias = 0;
      }
      assert( 66==sqlite3LogEst(100) );
      if( p->nSelectRow>66 ) p->nSelectRow = 66;
























    }else{
      assert( 0==sqlite3LogEst(1) );
      p->nSelectRow = 0;
    }

    /* If there is both a GROUP BY and an ORDER BY clause and they are
    ** identical, then it may be possible to disable the ORDER BY clause 
    ** on the grounds that the GROUP BY will cause elements to come out 
    ** in the correct order. It also may not - the GROUP BY might use a
    ** database index that causes rows to be grouped together as required
    ** but not actually sorted. Either way, record the fact that the
    ** ORDER BY and GROUP BY clauses are the same by setting the orderByGrp
    ** variable.  */
    if( sqlite3ExprListCompare(pGroupBy, sSort.pOrderBy, -1)==0 ){
      orderByGrp = 1;
    }
 
    /* Create a label to jump to when we want to abort the query */
    addrEnd = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);

    /* Convert TK_COLUMN nodes into TK_AGG_COLUMN and make entries in
    ** sAggInfo for all TK_AGG_FUNCTION nodes in expressions of the
    ** SELECT statement.
    */
................................................................................
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Close, iCsr);
        explainSimpleCount(pParse, pTab, pBest);
      }else
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_BTREECOUNT */
      {
        int regAcc = 0;           /* "populate accumulators" flag */

        /* If there are accumulator registers but no min() or max() functions,
        ** allocate register regAcc. Register regAcc will contain 0 the first
        ** time the inner loop runs, and 1 thereafter. The code generated
        ** by updateAccumulator() only updates the accumulator registers if
        ** regAcc contains 0.  */




        if( sAggInfo.nAccumulator ){
          for(i=0; i<sAggInfo.nFunc; i++){

            if( sAggInfo.aFunc[i].pFunc->funcFlags&SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL ) break;
          }
          if( i==sAggInfo.nFunc ){
            regAcc = ++pParse->nMem;
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 0, regAcc);
          }
        }

    sqlite3ExprDelete(db, p->pHaving);
    sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, p->pOrderBy);
    sqlite3ExprDelete(db, p->pLimit);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
    if( OK_IF_ALWAYS_TRUE(p->pWinDefn) ){
      sqlite3WindowListDelete(db, p->pWinDefn);
    }
    assert( p->pWin==0 );
#endif
    if( OK_IF_ALWAYS_TRUE(p->pWith) ) sqlite3WithDelete(db, p->pWith);

    if( bFree ) sqlite3DbFreeNN(db, p);
    p = pPrior;
    bFree = 1;
  }
}

/*
................................................................................
    }
    VdbeCoverage(v);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Compare, regPrevKey, regBase, pSort->nOBSat);
    pOp = sqlite3VdbeGetOp(v, pSort->addrSortIndex);
    if( pParse->db->mallocFailed ) return;
    pOp->p2 = nKey + nData;
    pKI = pOp->p4.pKeyInfo;
    memset(pKI->aSortFlags, 0, pKI->nKeyField); /* Makes OP_Jump testable */
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP4(v, -1, (char*)pKI, P4_KEYINFO);
    testcase( pKI->nAllField > pKI->nKeyField+2 );
    pOp->p4.pKeyInfo = sqlite3KeyInfoFromExprList(pParse,pSort->pOrderBy,nOBSat,
                                           pKI->nAllField-pKI->nKeyField-1);
    pOp = 0; /* Ensure pOp not used after sqltie3VdbeAddOp3() */
    addrJmp = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Jump, addrJmp+1, 0, addrJmp+1); VdbeCoverage(v);
    pSort->labelBkOut = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
    pSort->regReturn = ++pParse->nMem;
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, pSort->regReturn, pSort->labelBkOut);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_ResetSorter, pSort->iECursor);
    if( iLimit ){
................................................................................
        ** row is all NULLs.
        */
        sqlite3VdbeChangeToNoop(v, pDistinct->addrTnct);
        pOp = sqlite3VdbeGetOp(v, pDistinct->addrTnct);
        pOp->opcode = OP_Null;
        pOp->p1 = 1;
        pOp->p2 = regPrev;
        pOp = 0;  /* Ensure pOp is not used after sqlite3VdbeAddOp() */

        iJump = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v) + nResultCol;
        for(i=0; i<nResultCol; i++){
          CollSeq *pColl = sqlite3ExprCollSeq(pParse, p->pEList->a[i].pExpr);
          if( i<nResultCol-1 ){
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Ne, regResult+i, iJump, regPrev+i);
            VdbeCoverage(v);
................................................................................
** Allocate a KeyInfo object sufficient for an index of N key columns and
** X extra columns.
*/
KeyInfo *sqlite3KeyInfoAlloc(sqlite3 *db, int N, int X){
  int nExtra = (N+X)*(sizeof(CollSeq*)+1) - sizeof(CollSeq*);
  KeyInfo *p = sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(db, sizeof(KeyInfo) + nExtra);
  if( p ){
    p->aSortFlags = (u8*)&p->aColl[N+X];
    p->nKeyField = (u16)N;
    p->nAllField = (u16)(N+X);
    p->enc = ENC(db);
    p->db = db;
    p->nRef = 1;
    memset(&p[1], 0, nExtra);
  }else{
................................................................................

  nExpr = pList->nExpr;
  pInfo = sqlite3KeyInfoAlloc(db, nExpr-iStart, nExtra+1);
  if( pInfo ){
    assert( sqlite3KeyInfoIsWriteable(pInfo) );
    for(i=iStart, pItem=pList->a+iStart; i<nExpr; i++, pItem++){
      pInfo->aColl[i-iStart] = sqlite3ExprNNCollSeq(pParse, pItem->pExpr);
      pInfo->aSortFlags[i-iStart] = pItem->sortFlags;
    }
  }
  return pInfo;
}

/*
** Name of the connection operator, used for error messages.
................................................................................

  for(i=0, pCol=aCol; i<nCol && !db->mallocFailed; i++, pCol++){
    /* Get an appropriate name for the column
    */
    if( (zName = pEList->a[i].zName)!=0 ){
      /* If the column contains an "AS <name>" phrase, use <name> as the name */
    }else{
      Expr *pColExpr = sqlite3ExprSkipCollateAndLikely(pEList->a[i].pExpr);
      while( pColExpr->op==TK_DOT ){
        pColExpr = pColExpr->pRight;
        assert( pColExpr!=0 );
      }
      if( pColExpr->op==TK_COLUMN ){
        /* For columns use the column name name */
        int iCol = pColExpr->iColumn;
................................................................................
        pColl = multiSelectCollSeq(pParse, p, pItem->u.x.iOrderByCol-1);
        if( pColl==0 ) pColl = db->pDfltColl;
        pOrderBy->a[i].pExpr =
          sqlite3ExprAddCollateString(pParse, pTerm, pColl->zName);
      }
      assert( sqlite3KeyInfoIsWriteable(pRet) );
      pRet->aColl[i] = pColl;
      pRet->aSortFlags[i] = pOrderBy->a[i].sortFlags;
    }
  }

  return pRet;
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_CTE
................................................................................
    pParse->nMem += nExpr+1;
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 0, regPrev);
    pKeyDup = sqlite3KeyInfoAlloc(db, nExpr, 1);
    if( pKeyDup ){
      assert( sqlite3KeyInfoIsWriteable(pKeyDup) );
      for(i=0; i<nExpr; i++){
        pKeyDup->aColl[i] = multiSelectCollSeq(pParse, p, i);
        pKeyDup->aSortFlags[i] = 0;
      }
    }
  }
 
  /* Separate the left and the right query from one another
  */
  p->pPrior = 0;
................................................................................
        if( pNew && pSubst->isLeftJoin ){
          ExprSetProperty(pNew, EP_CanBeNull);
        }
        if( pNew && ExprHasProperty(pExpr,EP_FromJoin) ){
          pNew->iRightJoinTable = pExpr->iRightJoinTable;
          ExprSetProperty(pNew, EP_FromJoin);
        }



        sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pExpr);
        pExpr = pNew;

        /* Ensure that the expression now has an implicit collation sequence,
        ** just as it did when it was a column of a view or sub-query. */
        if( pExpr ){
          if( pExpr->op!=TK_COLUMN && pExpr->op!=TK_COLLATE ){
            CollSeq *pColl = sqlite3ExprCollSeq(pSubst->pParse, pExpr);
            pExpr = sqlite3ExprAddCollateString(pSubst->pParse, pExpr, 
                (pColl ? pColl->zName : "BINARY")
            );
          }
          ExprClearProperty(pExpr, EP_Collate);
        }
      }
    }
  }else{
    if( pExpr->op==TK_IF_NULL_ROW && pExpr->iTable==pSubst->iTable ){
      pExpr->iTable = pSubst->iNewTable;
    }
    pExpr->pLeft = substExpr(pSubst, pExpr->pLeft);
    pExpr->pRight = substExpr(pSubst, pExpr->pRight);
    if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_xIsSelect) ){
      substSelect(pSubst, pExpr->x.pSelect, 1);
    }else{
      substExprList(pSubst, pExpr->x.pList);
    }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
    if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_WinFunc) ){
      Window *pWin = pExpr->y.pWin;
      pWin->pFilter = substExpr(pSubst, pWin->pFilter);
      substExprList(pSubst, pWin->pPartition);
      substExprList(pSubst, pWin->pOrderBy);
    }
#endif
  }
  return pExpr;
}
static void substExprList(
  SubstContext *pSubst, /* Description of the substitution */
  ExprList *pList       /* List to scan and in which to make substitutes */
){
................................................................................
  pRight = pExpr->pRight;
  pLeft = pExpr->pLeft;
  assert( pRight!=0 );
  assert( pLeft!=0 );
  if( pRight->op==TK_COLUMN
   && !ExprHasProperty(pRight, EP_FixedCol)
   && sqlite3ExprIsConstant(pLeft)
   && sqlite3IsBinary(sqlite3ExprCompareCollSeq(pConst->pParse,pExpr))
  ){
    constInsert(pConst, pRight, pLeft);
  }else
  if( pLeft->op==TK_COLUMN
   && !ExprHasProperty(pLeft, EP_FixedCol)
   && sqlite3ExprIsConstant(pRight)
   && sqlite3IsBinary(sqlite3ExprCompareCollSeq(pConst->pParse,pExpr))
  ){
    constInsert(pConst, pLeft, pRight);
  }
}

/*
** This is a Walker expression callback.  pExpr is a candidate expression
................................................................................
** analysis.
*/
static u8 minMaxQuery(sqlite3 *db, Expr *pFunc, ExprList **ppMinMax){
  int eRet = WHERE_ORDERBY_NORMAL;      /* Return value */
  ExprList *pEList = pFunc->x.pList;    /* Arguments to agg function */
  const char *zFunc;                    /* Name of aggregate function pFunc */
  ExprList *pOrderBy;
  u8 sortFlags;

  assert( *ppMinMax==0 );
  assert( pFunc->op==TK_AGG_FUNCTION );
  assert( !IsWindowFunc(pFunc) );
  if( pEList==0 || pEList->nExpr!=1 || ExprHasProperty(pFunc, EP_WinFunc) ){
    return eRet;
  }
  zFunc = pFunc->u.zToken;
  if( sqlite3StrICmp(zFunc, "min")==0 ){
    eRet = WHERE_ORDERBY_MIN;
    sortFlags = KEYINFO_ORDER_BIGNULL;
  }else if( sqlite3StrICmp(zFunc, "max")==0 ){
    eRet = WHERE_ORDERBY_MAX;
    sortFlags = KEYINFO_ORDER_DESC;
  }else{
    return eRet;
  }
  *ppMinMax = pOrderBy = sqlite3ExprListDup(db, pEList, 0);
  assert( pOrderBy!=0 || db->mallocFailed );
  if( pOrderBy ) pOrderBy->a[0].sortFlags = sortFlags;
  return eRet;
}

/*
** The select statement passed as the first argument is an aggregate query.
** The second argument is the associated aggregate-info object. This 
** function tests if the SELECT is of the form:
................................................................................
){
  Parse *pParse = pWalker->pParse;
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
  struct Cte *pCte;               /* Matched CTE (or NULL if no match) */
  With *pWith;                    /* WITH clause that pCte belongs to */

  assert( pFrom->pTab==0 );
  if( pParse->nErr ){
    return SQLITE_ERROR;
  }

  pCte = searchWith(pParse->pWith, pFrom, &pWith);
  if( pCte ){
    Table *pTab;
    ExprList *pEList;
    Select *pSel;
    Select *pLeft;                /* Left-most SELECT statement */
................................................................................
    int addrNext = 0;
    int regAgg;
    ExprList *pList = pF->pExpr->x.pList;
    assert( !ExprHasProperty(pF->pExpr, EP_xIsSelect) );
    assert( !IsWindowFunc(pF->pExpr) );
    if( ExprHasProperty(pF->pExpr, EP_WinFunc) ){
      Expr *pFilter = pF->pExpr->y.pWin->pFilter;
      if( pAggInfo->nAccumulator 
       && (pF->pFunc->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL) 
      ){
        if( regHit==0 ) regHit = ++pParse->nMem;
        /* If this is the first row of the group (regAcc==0), clear the
        ** "magnet" register regHit so that the accumulator registers
        ** are populated if the FILTER clause jumps over the the 
        ** invocation of min() or max() altogether. Or, if this is not
        ** the first row (regAcc==1), set the magnet register so that the
        ** accumulators are not populated unless the min()/max() is invoked and
        ** indicates that they should be.  */
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Copy, regAcc, regHit);
      }
      addrNext = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
      sqlite3ExprIfFalse(pParse, pFilter, addrNext, SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL);
    }
    if( pList ){
      nArg = pList->nExpr;
      regAgg = sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, nArg);
      sqlite3ExprCodeExprList(pParse, pList, regAgg, 0, SQLITE_ECEL_DUP);
................................................................................
  }
  if( regHit ){
    addrHitTest = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_If, regHit); VdbeCoverage(v);
  }
  for(i=0, pC=pAggInfo->aCol; i<pAggInfo->nAccumulator; i++, pC++){
    sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pC->pExpr, pC->iMem);
  }

  pAggInfo->directMode = 0;
  if( addrHitTest ){
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrHitTest);
  }
}

/*
................................................................................
** within the HAVING expression with a constant "1".
*/
static int havingToWhereExprCb(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
  if( pExpr->op!=TK_AND ){
    Select *pS = pWalker->u.pSelect;
    if( sqlite3ExprIsConstantOrGroupBy(pWalker->pParse, pExpr, pS->pGroupBy) ){
      sqlite3 *db = pWalker->pParse->db;
      Expr *pNew = sqlite3Expr(db, TK_INTEGER, "1");
      if( pNew ){
        Expr *pWhere = pS->pWhere;
        SWAP(Expr, *pNew, *pExpr);
        pNew = sqlite3ExprAnd(pWalker->pParse, pWhere, pNew);
        pS->pWhere = pNew;
        pWalker->eCode = 1;
      }
................................................................................
  }

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
  if( sqlite3WindowRewrite(pParse, p) ){
    goto select_end;
  }
#if SELECTTRACE_ENABLED
  if( p->pWin && (sqlite3SelectTrace & 0x108)!=0 ){
    SELECTTRACE(0x104,pParse,p, ("after window rewrite:\n"));
    sqlite3TreeViewSelect(0, p, 0);
  }
#endif
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC */
  pTabList = p->pSrc;
  isAgg = (p->selFlags & SF_Aggregate)!=0;
................................................................................
        pItem->u.x.iAlias = 0;
      }
      for(k=pGroupBy->nExpr, pItem=pGroupBy->a; k>0; k--, pItem++){
        pItem->u.x.iAlias = 0;
      }
      assert( 66==sqlite3LogEst(100) );
      if( p->nSelectRow>66 ) p->nSelectRow = 66;

      /* If there is both a GROUP BY and an ORDER BY clause and they are
      ** identical, then it may be possible to disable the ORDER BY clause 
      ** on the grounds that the GROUP BY will cause elements to come out 
      ** in the correct order. It also may not - the GROUP BY might use a
      ** database index that causes rows to be grouped together as required
      ** but not actually sorted. Either way, record the fact that the
      ** ORDER BY and GROUP BY clauses are the same by setting the orderByGrp
      ** variable.  */
      if( sSort.pOrderBy && pGroupBy->nExpr==sSort.pOrderBy->nExpr ){
        int ii;
        /* The GROUP BY processing doesn't care whether rows are delivered in
        ** ASC or DESC order - only that each group is returned contiguously.
        ** So set the ASC/DESC flags in the GROUP BY to match those in the 
        ** ORDER BY to maximize the chances of rows being delivered in an 
        ** order that makes the ORDER BY redundant.  */
        for(ii=0; ii<pGroupBy->nExpr; ii++){
          u8 sortFlags = sSort.pOrderBy->a[ii].sortFlags & KEYINFO_ORDER_DESC;
          pGroupBy->a[ii].sortFlags = sortFlags;
        }
        if( sqlite3ExprListCompare(pGroupBy, sSort.pOrderBy, -1)==0 ){
          orderByGrp = 1;
        }
      }
    }else{
      assert( 0==sqlite3LogEst(1) );
      p->nSelectRow = 0;
    }













    /* Create a label to jump to when we want to abort the query */
    addrEnd = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);

    /* Convert TK_COLUMN nodes into TK_AGG_COLUMN and make entries in
    ** sAggInfo for all TK_AGG_FUNCTION nodes in expressions of the
    ** SELECT statement.
    */
................................................................................
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Close, iCsr);
        explainSimpleCount(pParse, pTab, pBest);
      }else
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_BTREECOUNT */
      {
        int regAcc = 0;           /* "populate accumulators" flag */

        /* If there are accumulator registers but no min() or max() functions
        ** without FILTER clauses, allocate register regAcc. Register regAcc
        ** will contain 0 the first time the inner loop runs, and 1 thereafter.
        ** The code generated by updateAccumulator() uses this to ensure
        ** that the accumulator registers are (a) updated only once if
        ** there are no min() or max functions or (b) always updated for the
        ** first row visited by the aggregate, so that they are updated at
        ** least once even if the FILTER clause means the min() or max() 
        ** function visits zero rows.  */
        if( sAggInfo.nAccumulator ){
          for(i=0; i<sAggInfo.nFunc; i++){
            if( ExprHasProperty(sAggInfo.aFunc[i].pExpr, EP_WinFunc) ) continue;
            if( sAggInfo.aFunc[i].pFunc->funcFlags&SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL ) break;
          }
          if( i==sAggInfo.nFunc ){
            regAcc = ++pParse->nMem;
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 0, regAcc);
          }
        }

    sqlite3_result_error(context,
      "edit() cannot reopen temp file after edit", -1);
    goto edit_func_end;
  }
  fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END);
  sz = ftell(f);
  rewind(f);
  p = sqlite3_malloc64( sz+(bBin==0) );
  if( p==0 ){
    sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
    goto edit_func_end;
  }
  x = fread(p, 1, (size_t)sz, f);
  fclose(f);
  f = 0;
................................................................................
static void eqp_render_level(ShellState *p, int iEqpId){
  EQPGraphRow *pRow, *pNext;
  int n = strlen30(p->sGraph.zPrefix);
  char *z;
  for(pRow = eqp_next_row(p, iEqpId, 0); pRow; pRow = pNext){
    pNext = eqp_next_row(p, iEqpId, pRow);
    z = pRow->zText;
    utf8_printf(p->out, "%s%s%s\n", p->sGraph.zPrefix, pNext ? "|--" : "`--", z);

    if( n<(int)sizeof(p->sGraph.zPrefix)-7 ){
      memcpy(&p->sGraph.zPrefix[n], pNext ? "|  " : "   ", 4);
      eqp_render_level(p, pRow->iEqpId);
      p->sGraph.zPrefix[n] = 0;
    }
  }
}
................................................................................
    }
    case MODE_Explain:
    case MODE_Column: {
      static const int aExplainWidths[] = {4, 13, 4, 4, 4, 13, 2, 13};
      const int *colWidth;
      int showHdr;
      char *rowSep;

      if( p->cMode==MODE_Column ){
        colWidth = p->colWidth;

        showHdr = p->showHeader;
        rowSep = p->rowSeparator;
      }else{
        colWidth = aExplainWidths;

        showHdr = 1;
        rowSep = SEP_Row;
      }
      if( p->cnt++==0 ){
        for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
          int w, n;
          if( i<ArraySize(p->colWidth) ){
            w = colWidth[i];
          }else{
            w = 0;
          }
          if( w==0 ){
            w = strlenChar(azCol[i] ? azCol[i] : "");
            if( w<10 ) w = 10;
................................................................................
          j--;
        }
        z[j++] = c;
      }
      while( j>0 && IsSpace(z[j-1]) ){ j--; }
      z[j] = 0;
      if( strlen30(z)>=79 ){
        for(i=j=0; (c = z[i])!=0; i++){  /* Copy changes from z[i] back to z[j] */
          if( c==cEnd ){
            cEnd = 0;
          }else if( c=='"' || c=='\'' || c=='`' ){
            cEnd = c;
          }else if( c=='[' ){
            cEnd = ']';
          }else if( c=='-' && z[i+1]=='-' ){
................................................................................
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Fullscan Steps:                      %d\n", iCur);
    iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT, bReset);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Sort Operations:                     %d\n", iCur);
    iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX,bReset);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Autoindex Inserts:                   %d\n", iCur);
    iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP, bReset);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Virtual Machine Steps:               %d\n", iCur);
    iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE, bReset);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Reprepare operations:                %d\n", iCur);
    iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN, bReset);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Number of times run:                 %d\n", iCur);
    iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED, bReset);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Memory used by prepared stmt:        %d\n", iCur);
  }

................................................................................
** start of the description of what that command does.
*/
static const char *(azHelp[]) = {
#if defined(SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE)
  ".archive ...             Manage SQL archives",
  "   Each command must have exactly one of the following options:",
  "     -c, --create               Create a new archive",
  "     -u, --update               Add files or update files with changed mtime",
  "     -i, --insert               Like -u but always add even if mtime unchanged",
  "     -t, --list                 List contents of archive",
  "     -x, --extract              Extract files from archive",
  "   Optional arguments:",
  "     -v, --verbose              Print each filename as it is processed",
  "     -f FILE, --file FILE       Operate on archive FILE (default is current db)",
  "     -a FILE, --append FILE     Operate on FILE opened using the apndvfs VFS",
  "     -C DIR, --directory DIR    Change to directory DIR to read/extract files",
  "     -n, --dryrun               Show the SQL that would have occurred",
  "   Examples:",
  "     .ar -cf archive.sar foo bar  # Create archive.sar from files foo and bar",
  "     .ar -tf archive.sar          # List members of archive.sar",
  "     .ar -xvf archive.sar         # Verbosely extract files from archive.sar",
  "   See also:",
  "      http://sqlite.org/cli.html#sqlar_archive_support",
#endif
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
  ".auth ON|OFF             Show authorizer callbacks",
#endif
  ".backup ?DB? FILE        Backup DB (default \"main\") to FILE",
  "       --append            Use the appendvfs",
  "       --async             Write to FILE without a journal and without fsync()",
  ".bail on|off             Stop after hitting an error.  Default OFF",
  ".binary on|off           Turn binary output on or off.  Default OFF",
  ".cd DIRECTORY            Change the working directory to DIRECTORY",
  ".changes on|off          Show number of rows changed by SQL",
  ".check GLOB              Fail if output since .testcase does not match",
  ".clone NEWDB             Clone data into NEWDB from the existing database",
  ".databases               List names and files of attached databases",
................................................................................
  "     --newlines             Allow unescaped newline characters in output",
  "   TABLE is a LIKE pattern for the tables to dump",
  ".echo on|off             Turn command echo on or off",
  ".eqp on|off|full|...     Enable or disable automatic EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN",
  "   Other Modes:",
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  "      test                  Show raw EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN output",
  "      trace                 Like \"full\" but also enable \"PRAGMA vdbe_trace\"",
#endif
  "      trigger               Like \"full\" but also show trigger bytecode",
  ".excel                   Display the output of next command in a spreadsheet",
  ".exit ?CODE?             Exit this program with return-code CODE",
  ".expert                  EXPERIMENTAL. Suggest indexes for specified queries",
/* Because explain mode comes on automatically now, the ".explain" mode
** is removed from the help screen.  It is still supported for legacy, however */
/*".explain ?on|off|auto?   Turn EXPLAIN output mode on or off or to automatic",*/
  ".filectrl CMD ...        Run various sqlite3_file_control() operations",
  "                           Run \".filectrl\" with no arguments for details",
  ".fullschema ?--indent?   Show schema and the content of sqlite_stat tables",
  ".headers on|off          Turn display of headers on or off",
  ".help ?-all? ?PATTERN?   Show help text for PATTERN",
  ".import FILE TABLE       Import data from FILE into TABLE",
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TEST_CONTROL
................................................................................
  "       -e    Invoke system text editor",
  "       -x    Open in a spreadsheet",
  ".open ?OPTIONS? ?FILE?   Close existing database and reopen FILE",
  "     Options:",
  "        --append        Use appendvfs to append database to the end of FILE",
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE
  "        --deserialize   Load into memory useing sqlite3_deserialize()",
  "        --hexdb         Load the output of \"dbtotxt\" as an in-memory database",
  "        --maxsize N     Maximum size for --hexdb or --deserialized database",
#endif
  "        --new           Initialize FILE to an empty database",
  "        --readonly      Open FILE readonly",
  "        --zip           FILE is a ZIP archive",
  ".output ?FILE?           Send output to FILE or stdout if FILE is omitted",
  "     If FILE begins with '|' then open it as a pipe.",
  ".parameter CMD ...       Manage SQL parameter bindings",
  "   clear                   Erase all bindings",
  "   init                    Initialize the TEMP table that holds bindings",
  "   list                    List the current parameter bindings",
  "   set PARAMETER VALUE     Given SQL parameter PARAMETER a value of VALUE",
  "                           PARAMETER should start with '$', ':', '@', or '?'",
  "   unset PARAMETER         Remove PARAMETER from the binding table",
  ".print STRING...         Print literal STRING",
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_PROGRESS_CALLBACK
  ".progress N              Invoke progress handler after every N opcodes",
  "   --limit N                 Interrupt after N progress callbacks",
  "   --once                    Do no more than one progress interrupt",
  "   --quiet|-q                No output except at interrupts",
................................................................................
  "   --reset                   Reset the count for each input and interrupt",
#endif
  ".prompt MAIN CONTINUE    Replace the standard prompts",
  ".quit                    Exit this program",
  ".read FILE               Read input from FILE",
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_DBPAGE_VTAB)
  ".recover                 Recover as much data as possible from corrupt db.",





#endif
  ".restore ?DB? FILE       Restore content of DB (default \"main\") from FILE",
  ".save FILE               Write in-memory database into FILE",
  ".scanstats on|off        Turn sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() metrics on or off",
  ".schema ?PATTERN?        Show the CREATE statements matching PATTERN",
  "     Options:",
  "         --indent            Try to pretty-print the schema",
................................................................................
  "     patchset FILE            Write a patchset into FILE",
  "   If ?NAME? is omitted, the first defined session is used.",
#endif
  ".sha3sum ...             Compute a SHA3 hash of database content",
  "    Options:",
  "      --schema              Also hash the sqlite_master table",
  "      --sha3-224            Use the sha3-224 algorithm",
  "      --sha3-256            Use the sha3-256 algorithm.  This is the default.",
  "      --sha3-384            Use the sha3-384 algorithm",
  "      --sha3-512            Use the sha3-512 algorithm",
  "    Any other argument is a LIKE pattern for tables to hash",
#ifndef SQLITE_NOHAVE_SYSTEM
  ".shell CMD ARGS...       Run CMD ARGS... in a system shell",
#endif
  ".show                    Show the current values for various settings",
................................................................................
    }
    *pRc = rc;
  }
}
#endif /* !defined SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */

#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB)
/*********************************************************************************
** The ".archive" or ".ar" command.
*/
/*
** Structure representing a single ".ar" command.
*/
typedef struct ArCommand ArCommand;
struct ArCommand {
................................................................................
            }
            if( pOpt->bArg ){
              if( i<(n-1) ){
                zArg = &z[i+1];
                i = n;
              }else{
                if( iArg>=(nArg-1) ){
                  return arErrorMsg(pAr, "option requires an argument: %c",z[i]);

                }
                zArg = azArg[++iArg];
              }
            }
            if( arProcessSwitch(pAr, pOpt->eSwitch, zArg) ) return SQLITE_ERROR;
          }
        }else if( z[2]=='\0' ){
................................................................................
  return rc;
}

/*
** Implementation of ".ar" dot command.
*/
static int arDotCommand(
  ShellState *pState,             /* Current shell tool state */
  int fromCmdLine,                /* True if -A command-line option, not .ar cmd */
  char **azArg,                   /* Array of arguments passed to dot command */
  int nArg                        /* Number of entries in azArg[] */
){
  ArCommand cmd;
  int rc;
  memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
  cmd.fromCmdLine = fromCmdLine;
  rc = arParseCommand(azArg, nArg, &cmd);
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
................................................................................
    close_db(cmd.db);
  }
  sqlite3_free(cmd.zSrcTable);

  return rc;
}
/* End of the ".archive" or ".ar" command logic
**********************************************************************************/
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB) */

#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_DBPAGE_VTAB)
/*
** If (*pRc) is not SQLITE_OK when this function is called, it is a no-op.
** Otherwise, the SQL statement or statements in zSql are executed using
** database connection db and the error code written to *pRc before
................................................................................
  const char *zRecoveryDb = "";   /* Name of "recovery" database */
  const char *zLostAndFound = "lost_and_found";
  int i;
  int nOrphan = -1;
  RecoverTable *pOrphan = 0;

  int bFreelist = 1;              /* 0 if --freelist-corrupt is specified */

  for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
    char *z = azArg[i];
    int n;
    if( z[0]=='-' && z[1]=='-' ) z++;
    n = strlen30(z);
    if( n<=17 && memcmp("-freelist-corrupt", z, n)==0 ){
      bFreelist = 0;
................................................................................
    if( n<=12 && memcmp("-recovery-db", z, n)==0 && i<(nArg-1) ){
      i++;
      zRecoveryDb = azArg[i];
    }else
    if( n<=15 && memcmp("-lost-and-found", z, n)==0 && i<(nArg-1) ){
      i++;
      zLostAndFound = azArg[i];



    }
    else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "unexpected option: %s\n", azArg[i]); 
      raw_printf(stderr, "options are:\n");
      raw_printf(stderr, "    --freelist-corrupt\n");
      raw_printf(stderr, "    --recovery-db DATABASE\n");
      raw_printf(stderr, "    --lost-and-found TABLE-NAME\n");
      return 1;
    }
  }

  shellExecPrintf(pState->db, &rc,
    /* Attach an in-memory database named 'recovery'. Create an indexed 
    ** cache of the sqlite_dbptr virtual table. */
................................................................................
    "      SELECT 0, i, (SELECT pgno FROM recovery.dbptr WHERE child=i)"
    "        UNION "
    "      SELECT i, p.parent, "
    "        (SELECT pgno FROM recovery.dbptr WHERE child=p.parent) FROM p"
    "    )"
    "    SELECT pgno FROM p WHERE (parent IS NULL OR pgno = orig)"
    ") "
    "FROM pages WHERE maxlen > 0 AND i NOT IN freelist;"
    "UPDATE recovery.map AS o SET intkey = ("
    "  SELECT substr(data, 1, 1)==X'0D' FROM sqlite_dbpage WHERE pgno=o.pgno"
    ");"

    /* Extract data from page 1 and any linked pages into table
    ** recovery.schema. With the same schema as an sqlite_master table.  */
    "CREATE TABLE recovery.schema(type, name, tbl_name, rootpage, sql);"
................................................................................
  }
  shellFinalize(&rc, pLoop);
  pLoop = 0;

  shellPrepare(pState->db, &rc,
      "SELECT pgno FROM recovery.map WHERE root=?", &pPages
  );

  shellPrepare(pState->db, &rc,
      "SELECT max(field), group_concat(shell_escape_crnl(quote(value)), ', ')"


      ", min(field) "
      "FROM sqlite_dbdata WHERE pgno = ? AND field != ?"
      "GROUP BY cell", &pCells
  );

  /* Loop through each root page. */
  shellPrepare(pState->db, &rc, 
................................................................................
      if( pTab==0 ) break;
    }

    if( 0==sqlite3_stricmp(pTab->zQuoted, "\"sqlite_sequence\"") ){
      raw_printf(pState->out, "DELETE FROM sqlite_sequence;\n");
    }
    sqlite3_bind_int(pPages, 1, iRoot);

    sqlite3_bind_int(pCells, 2, pTab->iPk);





    while( rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pPages) ){
      int iPgno = sqlite3_column_int(pPages, 0);
      sqlite3_bind_int(pCells, 1, iPgno);
      while( rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pCells) ){
        int nField = sqlite3_column_int(pCells, 0);
        int iMin = sqlite3_column_int(pCells, 2);
        const char *zVal = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pCells, 1);

        RecoverTable *pTab2 = pTab;
        if( pTab!=pOrphan && (iMin<0)!=bIntkey ){
................................................................................
        { "trigger_eqp",        SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP           },
        { "reset_database",     SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE        },
        { "defensive",          SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE             },
        { "writable_schema",    SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA       },
        { "legacy_alter_table", SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE    },
        { "dqs_dml",            SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML               },
        { "dqs_ddl",            SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL               },

    };
    int ii, v;
    open_db(p, 0);
    for(ii=0; ii<ArraySize(aDbConfig); ii++){
      if( nArg>1 && strcmp(azArg[1], aDbConfig[ii].zName)!=0 ) continue;
      if( nArg>=3 ){
        sqlite3_db_config(p->db, aDbConfig[ii].op, booleanValue(azArg[2]), 0);
................................................................................

#ifndef SQLITE_UNTESTABLE
  if( c=='i' && strncmp(azArg[0], "imposter", n)==0 ){
    char *zSql;
    char *zCollist = 0;
    sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
    int tnum = 0;


    int i;
    if( !(nArg==3 || (nArg==2 && sqlite3_stricmp(azArg[1],"off")==0)) ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Usage: .imposter INDEX IMPOSTER\n"
                          "       .imposter off\n");







      rc = 1;
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
    open_db(p, 0);
    if( nArg==2 ){
      sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER, p->db, "main", 0, 1);
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
    zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("SELECT rootpage FROM sqlite_master"

                           " WHERE name='%q' AND type='index'", azArg[1]);






    sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
    sqlite3_free(zSql);
    if( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
      tnum = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 0);

    }
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
    if( tnum==0 ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "no such index: \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
      rc = 1;
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
    zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("PRAGMA index_xinfo='%q'", azArg[1]);
    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
    sqlite3_free(zSql);
    i = 0;
    while( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
      char zLabel[20];
      const char *zCol = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,2);
................................................................................
        if( sqlite3_column_int(pStmt,1)==-1 ){
          zCol = "_ROWID_";
        }else{
          sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zLabel),zLabel,"expr%d",i);
          zCol = zLabel;
        }
      }



      if( zCollist==0 ){
        zCollist = sqlite3_mprintf("\"%w\"", zCol);
      }else{
        zCollist = sqlite3_mprintf("%z,\"%w\"", zCollist, zCol);
      }
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);







    zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
          "CREATE TABLE \"%w\"(%s,PRIMARY KEY(%s))WITHOUT ROWID",
          azArg[2], zCollist, zCollist);
    sqlite3_free(zCollist);
    rc = sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER, p->db, "main", 1, tnum);
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      rc = sqlite3_exec(p->db, zSql, 0, 0, 0);
      sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER, p->db, "main", 0, 0);
      if( rc ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Error in [%s]: %s\n", zSql, sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
      }else{
        utf8_printf(stdout, "%s;\n", zSql);
        raw_printf(stdout,
           "WARNING: writing to an imposter table will corrupt the index!\n"

        );
      }
    }else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER returns %d\n", rc);
      rc = 1;
    }
    sqlite3_free(zSql);
................................................................................
    open_db(p,0);
    if( nArg<=1 ) goto parameter_syntax_error;

    /* .parameter clear
    ** Clear all bind parameters by dropping the TEMP table that holds them.
    */
    if( nArg==2 && strcmp(azArg[1],"clear")==0 ){
      int wrSchema = 0;
      sqlite3_db_config(p->db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA, -1, &wrSchema);
      sqlite3_db_config(p->db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA, 1, 0);
      sqlite3_exec(p->db, "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS temp.sqlite_parameters;",
                   0, 0, 0);
      sqlite3_db_config(p->db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA, wrSchema, 0);
    }else

    /* .parameter list
    ** List all bind parameters.
    */
    if( nArg==2 && strcmp(azArg[1],"list")==0 ){
      sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
................................................................................
        appendText(&sSelect, ".sqlite_master", 0);
      }
      sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_INTROSPECTION_PRAGMAS
      if( zName ){
        appendText(&sSelect,
           " UNION ALL SELECT shell_module_schema(name),"
           " 'table', name, name, name, 9e+99, 'main' FROM pragma_module_list", 0);

      }
#endif
      appendText(&sSelect, ") WHERE ", 0);
      if( zName ){
        char *zQarg = sqlite3_mprintf("%Q", zName);
        int bGlob = strchr(zName, '*') != 0 || strchr(zName, '?') != 0 ||
                    strchr(zName, '[') != 0;
................................................................................
    */
    if( strcmp(azCmd[0],"changeset")==0 || strcmp(azCmd[0],"patchset")==0 ){
      FILE *out = 0;
      if( nCmd!=2 ) goto session_syntax_error;
      if( pSession->p==0 ) goto session_not_open;
      out = fopen(azCmd[1], "wb");
      if( out==0 ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "ERROR: cannot open \"%s\" for writing\n", azCmd[1]);

      }else{
        int szChng;
        void *pChng;
        if( azCmd[0][0]=='c' ){
          rc = sqlite3session_changeset(pSession->p, &szChng, &pChng);
        }else{
          rc = sqlite3session_patchset(pSession->p, &szChng, &pChng);
................................................................................
        }else
        if( strcmp(z,"debug")==0 ){
          bDebug = 1;
        }else
        {
          utf8_printf(stderr, "Unknown option \"%s\" on \"%s\"\n",
                      azArg[i], azArg[0]);
          raw_printf(stderr, "Should be one of: --schema"
                             " --sha3-224 --sha3-256 --sha3-384 --sha3-512\n");
          rc = 1;
          goto meta_command_exit;
        }
      }else if( zLike ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .sha3sum ?OPTIONS? ?LIKE-PATTERN?\n");
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
................................................................................
#ifndef SQLITE_UNTESTABLE
  if( c=='t' && n>=8 && strncmp(azArg[0], "testctrl", n)==0 ){
    static const struct {
       const char *zCtrlName;   /* Name of a test-control option */
       int ctrlCode;            /* Integer code for that option */
       const char *zUsage;      /* Usage notes */
    } aCtrl[] = {
      { "always",             SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ALWAYS,        "BOOLEAN"            },
      { "assert",             SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ASSERT,        "BOOLEAN"            },
    /*{ "benign_malloc_hooks",SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS, ""          },*/
    /*{ "bitvec_test",        SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST,   ""                },*/
      { "byteorder",          SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER,     ""                   },
      { "extra_schema_checks",SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXTRA_SCHEMA_CHECKS,"BOOLEAN"       },
    /*{ "fault_install",      SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL, ""                }, */
      { "imposter",           SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER,   "SCHEMA ON/OFF ROOTPAGE"},
      { "internal_functions", SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS, "BOOLEAN"       },
      { "localtime_fault",    SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOCALTIME_FAULT,"BOOLEAN"           },
      { "never_corrupt",      SQLITE_TESTCTRL_NEVER_CORRUPT, "BOOLEAN"            },
      { "optimizations",      SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS, "DISABLE-MASK"       },
#ifdef YYCOVERAGE
      { "parser_coverage",    SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PARSER_COVERAGE, ""                 },
#endif
      { "pending_byte",       SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PENDING_BYTE,  "OFFSET  "           },
      { "prng_restore",       SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE,  ""                   },
      { "prng_save",          SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE,     ""                   },
      { "prng_seed",          SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SEED,     "SEED ?db?"          },
      { "reserve",            SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESERVE,       "BYTES-OF-RESERVE"   },
    };
    int testctrl = -1;
    int iCtrl = -1;
    int rc2 = 0;    /* 0: usage.  1: %d  2: %x  3: no-output */
    int isOk = 0;
    int i, n2;
    const char *zCmd = 0;
................................................................................
            sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, p->out);
            isOk = 3;
          }
#endif
      }
    }
    if( isOk==0 && iCtrl>=0 ){
      utf8_printf(p->out, "Usage: .testctrl %s %s\n", zCmd, aCtrl[iCtrl].zUsage);
      rc = 1;
    }else if( isOk==1 ){
      raw_printf(p->out, "%d\n", rc2);
    }else if( isOk==2 ){
      raw_printf(p->out, "0x%08x\n", rc2);
    }
  }else
................................................................................
    }else{
      if( mType==0 ) mType = SQLITE_TRACE_STMT;
      sqlite3_trace_v2(p->db, mType, sql_trace_callback, p);
    }
  }else
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE) */

#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  if( c=='u' && strncmp(azArg[0], "unmodule", n)==0 ){
    int ii;
    int lenOpt;
    char *zOpt;
    if( nArg<2 ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .unmodule [--allexcept] NAME ...\n");
      rc = 1;
................................................................................
    open_db(p, 0);
    if( strcmp(azArg[1],"login")==0 ){
      if( nArg!=4 ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .user login USER PASSWORD\n");
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }
      rc = sqlite3_user_authenticate(p->db, azArg[2], azArg[3], strlen30(azArg[3]));

      if( rc ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Authentication failed for user %s\n", azArg[2]);
        rc = 1;
      }
    }else if( strcmp(azArg[1],"add")==0 ){
      if( nArg!=5 ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .user add USER PASSWORD ISADMIN\n");

    sqlite3_result_error(context,
      "edit() cannot reopen temp file after edit", -1);
    goto edit_func_end;
  }
  fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END);
  sz = ftell(f);
  rewind(f);
  p = sqlite3_malloc64( sz+1 );
  if( p==0 ){
    sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
    goto edit_func_end;
  }
  x = fread(p, 1, (size_t)sz, f);
  fclose(f);
  f = 0;
................................................................................
static void eqp_render_level(ShellState *p, int iEqpId){
  EQPGraphRow *pRow, *pNext;
  int n = strlen30(p->sGraph.zPrefix);
  char *z;
  for(pRow = eqp_next_row(p, iEqpId, 0); pRow; pRow = pNext){
    pNext = eqp_next_row(p, iEqpId, pRow);
    z = pRow->zText;
    utf8_printf(p->out, "%s%s%s\n", p->sGraph.zPrefix,
                pNext ? "|--" : "`--", z);
    if( n<(int)sizeof(p->sGraph.zPrefix)-7 ){
      memcpy(&p->sGraph.zPrefix[n], pNext ? "|  " : "   ", 4);
      eqp_render_level(p, pRow->iEqpId);
      p->sGraph.zPrefix[n] = 0;
    }
  }
}
................................................................................
    }
    case MODE_Explain:
    case MODE_Column: {
      static const int aExplainWidths[] = {4, 13, 4, 4, 4, 13, 2, 13};
      const int *colWidth;
      int showHdr;
      char *rowSep;
      int nWidth;
      if( p->cMode==MODE_Column ){
        colWidth = p->colWidth;
        nWidth = ArraySize(p->colWidth);
        showHdr = p->showHeader;
        rowSep = p->rowSeparator;
      }else{
        colWidth = aExplainWidths;
        nWidth = ArraySize(aExplainWidths);
        showHdr = 1;
        rowSep = SEP_Row;
      }
      if( p->cnt++==0 ){
        for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
          int w, n;
          if( i<nWidth ){
            w = colWidth[i];
          }else{
            w = 0;
          }
          if( w==0 ){
            w = strlenChar(azCol[i] ? azCol[i] : "");
            if( w<10 ) w = 10;
................................................................................
          j--;
        }
        z[j++] = c;
      }
      while( j>0 && IsSpace(z[j-1]) ){ j--; }
      z[j] = 0;
      if( strlen30(z)>=79 ){
        for(i=j=0; (c = z[i])!=0; i++){ /* Copy from z[i] back to z[j] */
          if( c==cEnd ){
            cEnd = 0;
          }else if( c=='"' || c=='\'' || c=='`' ){
            cEnd = c;
          }else if( c=='[' ){
            cEnd = ']';
          }else if( c=='-' && z[i+1]=='-' ){
................................................................................
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Fullscan Steps:                      %d\n", iCur);
    iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT, bReset);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Sort Operations:                     %d\n", iCur);
    iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX,bReset);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Autoindex Inserts:                   %d\n", iCur);
    iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP, bReset);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Virtual Machine Steps:               %d\n", iCur);
    iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE,bReset);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Reprepare operations:                %d\n", iCur);
    iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN, bReset);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Number of times run:                 %d\n", iCur);
    iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED, bReset);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Memory used by prepared stmt:        %d\n", iCur);
  }

................................................................................
** start of the description of what that command does.
*/
static const char *(azHelp[]) = {
#if defined(SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE)
  ".archive ...             Manage SQL archives",
  "   Each command must have exactly one of the following options:",
  "     -c, --create               Create a new archive",
  "     -u, --update               Add or update files with changed mtime",
  "     -i, --insert               Like -u but always add even if unchanged",
  "     -t, --list                 List contents of archive",
  "     -x, --extract              Extract files from archive",
  "   Optional arguments:",
  "     -v, --verbose              Print each filename as it is processed",
  "     -f FILE, --file FILE       Use archive FILE (default is current db)",
  "     -a FILE, --append FILE     Open FILE using the apndvfs VFS",
  "     -C DIR, --directory DIR    Read/extract files from directory DIR",
  "     -n, --dryrun               Show the SQL that would have occurred",
  "   Examples:",
  "     .ar -cf ARCHIVE foo bar  # Create ARCHIVE from files foo and bar",
  "     .ar -tf ARCHIVE          # List members of ARCHIVE",
  "     .ar -xvf ARCHIVE         # Verbosely extract files from ARCHIVE",
  "   See also:",
  "      http://sqlite.org/cli.html#sqlar_archive_support",
#endif
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
  ".auth ON|OFF             Show authorizer callbacks",
#endif
  ".backup ?DB? FILE        Backup DB (default \"main\") to FILE",
  "       --append            Use the appendvfs",
  "       --async             Write to FILE without journal and fsync()",
  ".bail on|off             Stop after hitting an error.  Default OFF",
  ".binary on|off           Turn binary output on or off.  Default OFF",
  ".cd DIRECTORY            Change the working directory to DIRECTORY",
  ".changes on|off          Show number of rows changed by SQL",
  ".check GLOB              Fail if output since .testcase does not match",
  ".clone NEWDB             Clone data into NEWDB from the existing database",
  ".databases               List names and files of attached databases",
................................................................................
  "     --newlines             Allow unescaped newline characters in output",
  "   TABLE is a LIKE pattern for the tables to dump",
  ".echo on|off             Turn command echo on or off",
  ".eqp on|off|full|...     Enable or disable automatic EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN",
  "   Other Modes:",
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  "      test                  Show raw EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN output",
  "      trace                 Like \"full\" but enable \"PRAGMA vdbe_trace\"",
#endif
  "      trigger               Like \"full\" but also show trigger bytecode",
  ".excel                   Display the output of next command in spreadsheet",
  ".exit ?CODE?             Exit this program with return-code CODE",
  ".expert                  EXPERIMENTAL. Suggest indexes for queries",
  ".explain ?on|off|auto?   Change the EXPLAIN formatting mode.  Default: auto",


  ".filectrl CMD ...        Run various sqlite3_file_control() operations",
  "                           Run \".filectrl\" with no arguments for details",
  ".fullschema ?--indent?   Show schema and the content of sqlite_stat tables",
  ".headers on|off          Turn display of headers on or off",
  ".help ?-all? ?PATTERN?   Show help text for PATTERN",
  ".import FILE TABLE       Import data from FILE into TABLE",
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TEST_CONTROL
................................................................................
  "       -e    Invoke system text editor",
  "       -x    Open in a spreadsheet",
  ".open ?OPTIONS? ?FILE?   Close existing database and reopen FILE",
  "     Options:",
  "        --append        Use appendvfs to append database to the end of FILE",
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE
  "        --deserialize   Load into memory useing sqlite3_deserialize()",
  "        --hexdb         Load the output of \"dbtotxt\" as an in-memory db",
  "        --maxsize N     Maximum size for --hexdb or --deserialized database",
#endif
  "        --new           Initialize FILE to an empty database",
  "        --readonly      Open FILE readonly",
  "        --zip           FILE is a ZIP archive",
  ".output ?FILE?           Send output to FILE or stdout if FILE is omitted",
  "     If FILE begins with '|' then open it as a pipe.",
  ".parameter CMD ...       Manage SQL parameter bindings",
  "   clear                   Erase all bindings",
  "   init                    Initialize the TEMP table that holds bindings",
  "   list                    List the current parameter bindings",
  "   set PARAMETER VALUE     Given SQL parameter PARAMETER a value of VALUE",
  "                           PARAMETER should start with one of: $ : @ ?",
  "   unset PARAMETER         Remove PARAMETER from the binding table",
  ".print STRING...         Print literal STRING",
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_PROGRESS_CALLBACK
  ".progress N              Invoke progress handler after every N opcodes",
  "   --limit N                 Interrupt after N progress callbacks",
  "   --once                    Do no more than one progress interrupt",
  "   --quiet|-q                No output except at interrupts",
................................................................................
  "   --reset                   Reset the count for each input and interrupt",
#endif
  ".prompt MAIN CONTINUE    Replace the standard prompts",
  ".quit                    Exit this program",
  ".read FILE               Read input from FILE",
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_DBPAGE_VTAB)
  ".recover                 Recover as much data as possible from corrupt db.",
  "   --freelist-corrupt       Assume the freelist is corrupt",
  "   --recovery-db NAME       Store recovery metadata in database file NAME",
  "   --lost-and-found TABLE   Alternative name for the lost-and-found table",
  "   --no-rowids              Do not attempt to recover rowid values",
  "                            that are not also INTEGER PRIMARY KEYs",
#endif
  ".restore ?DB? FILE       Restore content of DB (default \"main\") from FILE",
  ".save FILE               Write in-memory database into FILE",
  ".scanstats on|off        Turn sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() metrics on or off",
  ".schema ?PATTERN?        Show the CREATE statements matching PATTERN",
  "     Options:",
  "         --indent            Try to pretty-print the schema",
................................................................................
  "     patchset FILE            Write a patchset into FILE",
  "   If ?NAME? is omitted, the first defined session is used.",
#endif
  ".sha3sum ...             Compute a SHA3 hash of database content",
  "    Options:",
  "      --schema              Also hash the sqlite_master table",
  "      --sha3-224            Use the sha3-224 algorithm",
  "      --sha3-256            Use the sha3-256 algorithm (default)",
  "      --sha3-384            Use the sha3-384 algorithm",
  "      --sha3-512            Use the sha3-512 algorithm",
  "    Any other argument is a LIKE pattern for tables to hash",
#ifndef SQLITE_NOHAVE_SYSTEM
  ".shell CMD ARGS...       Run CMD ARGS... in a system shell",
#endif
  ".show                    Show the current values for various settings",
................................................................................
    }
    *pRc = rc;
  }
}
#endif /* !defined SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */

#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB)
/******************************************************************************
** The ".archive" or ".ar" command.
*/
/*
** Structure representing a single ".ar" command.
*/
typedef struct ArCommand ArCommand;
struct ArCommand {
................................................................................
            }
            if( pOpt->bArg ){
              if( i<(n-1) ){
                zArg = &z[i+1];
                i = n;
              }else{
                if( iArg>=(nArg-1) ){
                  return arErrorMsg(pAr, "option requires an argument: %c",
                                    z[i]);
                }
                zArg = azArg[++iArg];
              }
            }
            if( arProcessSwitch(pAr, pOpt->eSwitch, zArg) ) return SQLITE_ERROR;
          }
        }else if( z[2]=='\0' ){
................................................................................
  return rc;
}

/*
** Implementation of ".ar" dot command.
*/
static int arDotCommand(
  ShellState *pState,          /* Current shell tool state */
  int fromCmdLine,             /* True if -A command-line option, not .ar cmd */
  char **azArg,                /* Array of arguments passed to dot command */
  int nArg                     /* Number of entries in azArg[] */
){
  ArCommand cmd;
  int rc;
  memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
  cmd.fromCmdLine = fromCmdLine;
  rc = arParseCommand(azArg, nArg, &cmd);
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
................................................................................
    close_db(cmd.db);
  }
  sqlite3_free(cmd.zSrcTable);

  return rc;
}
/* End of the ".archive" or ".ar" command logic
*******************************************************************************/
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB) */

#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_DBPAGE_VTAB)
/*
** If (*pRc) is not SQLITE_OK when this function is called, it is a no-op.
** Otherwise, the SQL statement or statements in zSql are executed using
** database connection db and the error code written to *pRc before
................................................................................
  const char *zRecoveryDb = "";   /* Name of "recovery" database */
  const char *zLostAndFound = "lost_and_found";
  int i;
  int nOrphan = -1;
  RecoverTable *pOrphan = 0;

  int bFreelist = 1;              /* 0 if --freelist-corrupt is specified */
  int bRowids = 1;                /* 0 if --no-rowids */
  for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
    char *z = azArg[i];
    int n;
    if( z[0]=='-' && z[1]=='-' ) z++;
    n = strlen30(z);
    if( n<=17 && memcmp("-freelist-corrupt", z, n)==0 ){
      bFreelist = 0;
................................................................................
    if( n<=12 && memcmp("-recovery-db", z, n)==0 && i<(nArg-1) ){
      i++;
      zRecoveryDb = azArg[i];
    }else
    if( n<=15 && memcmp("-lost-and-found", z, n)==0 && i<(nArg-1) ){
      i++;
      zLostAndFound = azArg[i];
    }else
    if( n<=10 && memcmp("-no-rowids", z, n)==0 ){
      bRowids = 0;
    }
    else{
      utf8_printf(stderr, "unexpected option: %s\n", azArg[i]); 



      showHelp(pState->out, azArg[0]);
      return 1;
    }
  }

  shellExecPrintf(pState->db, &rc,
    /* Attach an in-memory database named 'recovery'. Create an indexed 
    ** cache of the sqlite_dbptr virtual table. */
................................................................................
    "      SELECT 0, i, (SELECT pgno FROM recovery.dbptr WHERE child=i)"
    "        UNION "
    "      SELECT i, p.parent, "
    "        (SELECT pgno FROM recovery.dbptr WHERE child=p.parent) FROM p"
    "    )"
    "    SELECT pgno FROM p WHERE (parent IS NULL OR pgno = orig)"
    ") "
    "FROM pages WHERE maxlen IS NOT NULL AND i NOT IN freelist;"
    "UPDATE recovery.map AS o SET intkey = ("
    "  SELECT substr(data, 1, 1)==X'0D' FROM sqlite_dbpage WHERE pgno=o.pgno"
    ");"

    /* Extract data from page 1 and any linked pages into table
    ** recovery.schema. With the same schema as an sqlite_master table.  */
    "CREATE TABLE recovery.schema(type, name, tbl_name, rootpage, sql);"
................................................................................
  }
  shellFinalize(&rc, pLoop);
  pLoop = 0;

  shellPrepare(pState->db, &rc,
      "SELECT pgno FROM recovery.map WHERE root=?", &pPages
  );

  shellPrepare(pState->db, &rc,
      "SELECT max(field), group_concat(shell_escape_crnl(quote"
      "(case when (? AND field<0) then NULL else value end)"
      "), ', ')"
      ", min(field) "
      "FROM sqlite_dbdata WHERE pgno = ? AND field != ?"
      "GROUP BY cell", &pCells
  );

  /* Loop through each root page. */
  shellPrepare(pState->db, &rc, 
................................................................................
      if( pTab==0 ) break;
    }

    if( 0==sqlite3_stricmp(pTab->zQuoted, "\"sqlite_sequence\"") ){
      raw_printf(pState->out, "DELETE FROM sqlite_sequence;\n");
    }
    sqlite3_bind_int(pPages, 1, iRoot);
    if( bRowids==0 && pTab->iPk<0 ){
      sqlite3_bind_int(pCells, 1, 1);
    }else{
      sqlite3_bind_int(pCells, 1, 0);
    }
    sqlite3_bind_int(pCells, 3, pTab->iPk);

    while( rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pPages) ){
      int iPgno = sqlite3_column_int(pPages, 0);
      sqlite3_bind_int(pCells, 2, iPgno);
      while( rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pCells) ){
        int nField = sqlite3_column_int(pCells, 0);
        int iMin = sqlite3_column_int(pCells, 2);
        const char *zVal = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pCells, 1);

        RecoverTable *pTab2 = pTab;
        if( pTab!=pOrphan && (iMin<0)!=bIntkey ){
................................................................................
        { "trigger_eqp",        SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP           },
        { "reset_database",     SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE        },
        { "defensive",          SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE             },
        { "writable_schema",    SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA       },
        { "legacy_alter_table", SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE    },
        { "dqs_dml",            SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML               },
        { "dqs_ddl",            SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL               },
        { "legacy_file_format", SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT    },
    };
    int ii, v;
    open_db(p, 0);
    for(ii=0; ii<ArraySize(aDbConfig); ii++){
      if( nArg>1 && strcmp(azArg[1], aDbConfig[ii].zName)!=0 ) continue;
      if( nArg>=3 ){
        sqlite3_db_config(p->db, aDbConfig[ii].op, booleanValue(azArg[2]), 0);
................................................................................

#ifndef SQLITE_UNTESTABLE
  if( c=='i' && strncmp(azArg[0], "imposter", n)==0 ){
    char *zSql;
    char *zCollist = 0;
    sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
    int tnum = 0;
    int isWO = 0;  /* True if making an imposter of a WITHOUT ROWID table */
    int lenPK = 0; /* Length of the PRIMARY KEY string for isWO tables */
    int i;
    if( !(nArg==3 || (nArg==2 && sqlite3_stricmp(azArg[1],"off")==0)) ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Usage: .imposter INDEX IMPOSTER\n"
                          "       .imposter off\n");
      /* Also allowed, but not documented:
      **
      **    .imposter TABLE IMPOSTER
      **
      ** where TABLE is a WITHOUT ROWID table.  In that case, the
      ** imposter is another WITHOUT ROWID table with the columns in
      ** storage order. */
      rc = 1;
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
    open_db(p, 0);
    if( nArg==2 ){
      sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER, p->db, "main", 0, 1);
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
    zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
      "SELECT rootpage, 0 FROM sqlite_master"
      " WHERE name='%q' AND type='index'"
      "UNION ALL "
      "SELECT rootpage, 1 FROM sqlite_master"
      " WHERE name='%q' AND type='table'"
      "   AND sql LIKE '%%without%%rowid%%'",
      azArg[1], azArg[1]
    );
    sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
    sqlite3_free(zSql);
    if( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
      tnum = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 0);
      isWO = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 1);
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);





    zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("PRAGMA index_xinfo='%q'", azArg[1]);
    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
    sqlite3_free(zSql);
    i = 0;
    while( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
      char zLabel[20];
      const char *zCol = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,2);
................................................................................
        if( sqlite3_column_int(pStmt,1)==-1 ){
          zCol = "_ROWID_";
        }else{
          sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zLabel),zLabel,"expr%d",i);
          zCol = zLabel;
        }
      }
      if( isWO && lenPK==0 && sqlite3_column_int(pStmt,5)==0 && zCollist ){
        lenPK = (int)strlen(zCollist);
      }
      if( zCollist==0 ){
        zCollist = sqlite3_mprintf("\"%w\"", zCol);
      }else{
        zCollist = sqlite3_mprintf("%z,\"%w\"", zCollist, zCol);
      }
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
    if( i==0 || tnum==0 ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "no such index: \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
      rc = 1;
      sqlite3_free(zCollist);
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
    if( lenPK==0 ) lenPK = 100000;
    zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
          "CREATE TABLE \"%w\"(%s,PRIMARY KEY(%.*s))WITHOUT ROWID",
          azArg[2], zCollist, lenPK, zCollist);
    sqlite3_free(zCollist);
    rc = sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER, p->db, "main", 1, tnum);
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      rc = sqlite3_exec(p->db, zSql, 0, 0, 0);
      sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER, p->db, "main", 0, 0);
      if( rc ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Error in [%s]: %s\n", zSql, sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
      }else{
        utf8_printf(stdout, "%s;\n", zSql);
        raw_printf(stdout,
          "WARNING: writing to an imposter table will corrupt the \"%s\" %s!\n",
          azArg[1], isWO ? "table" : "index"
        );
      }
    }else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER returns %d\n", rc);
      rc = 1;
    }
    sqlite3_free(zSql);
................................................................................
    open_db(p,0);
    if( nArg<=1 ) goto parameter_syntax_error;

    /* .parameter clear
    ** Clear all bind parameters by dropping the TEMP table that holds them.
    */
    if( nArg==2 && strcmp(azArg[1],"clear")==0 ){



      sqlite3_exec(p->db, "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS temp.sqlite_parameters;",
                   0, 0, 0);

    }else

    /* .parameter list
    ** List all bind parameters.
    */
    if( nArg==2 && strcmp(azArg[1],"list")==0 ){
      sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
................................................................................
        appendText(&sSelect, ".sqlite_master", 0);
      }
      sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_INTROSPECTION_PRAGMAS
      if( zName ){
        appendText(&sSelect,
           " UNION ALL SELECT shell_module_schema(name),"
           " 'table', name, name, name, 9e+99, 'main' FROM pragma_module_list",
        0);
      }
#endif
      appendText(&sSelect, ") WHERE ", 0);
      if( zName ){
        char *zQarg = sqlite3_mprintf("%Q", zName);
        int bGlob = strchr(zName, '*') != 0 || strchr(zName, '?') != 0 ||
                    strchr(zName, '[') != 0;
................................................................................
    */
    if( strcmp(azCmd[0],"changeset")==0 || strcmp(azCmd[0],"patchset")==0 ){
      FILE *out = 0;
      if( nCmd!=2 ) goto session_syntax_error;
      if( pSession->p==0 ) goto session_not_open;
      out = fopen(azCmd[1], "wb");
      if( out==0 ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "ERROR: cannot open \"%s\" for writing\n",
                    azCmd[1]);
      }else{
        int szChng;
        void *pChng;
        if( azCmd[0][0]=='c' ){
          rc = sqlite3session_changeset(pSession->p, &szChng, &pChng);
        }else{
          rc = sqlite3session_patchset(pSession->p, &szChng, &pChng);
................................................................................
        }else
        if( strcmp(z,"debug")==0 ){
          bDebug = 1;
        }else
        {
          utf8_printf(stderr, "Unknown option \"%s\" on \"%s\"\n",
                      azArg[i], azArg[0]);
          showHelp(p->out, azArg[0]);

          rc = 1;
          goto meta_command_exit;
        }
      }else if( zLike ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .sha3sum ?OPTIONS? ?LIKE-PATTERN?\n");
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
................................................................................
#ifndef SQLITE_UNTESTABLE
  if( c=='t' && n>=8 && strncmp(azArg[0], "testctrl", n)==0 ){
    static const struct {
       const char *zCtrlName;   /* Name of a test-control option */
       int ctrlCode;            /* Integer code for that option */
       const char *zUsage;      /* Usage notes */
    } aCtrl[] = {
      { "always",             SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ALWAYS,        "BOOLEAN"        },
      { "assert",             SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ASSERT,        "BOOLEAN"        },
    /*{ "benign_malloc_hooks",SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS, ""       },*/
    /*{ "bitvec_test",        SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST,   ""             },*/
      { "byteorder",          SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER,     ""               },
      { "extra_schema_checks",SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXTRA_SCHEMA_CHECKS,"BOOLEAN"   },
    /*{ "fault_install",      SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL, ""             },*/
      { "imposter",         SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER, "SCHEMA ON/OFF ROOTPAGE"},
      { "internal_functions", SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS, "BOOLEAN"   },
      { "localtime_fault",    SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOCALTIME_FAULT,"BOOLEAN"       },
      { "never_corrupt",      SQLITE_TESTCTRL_NEVER_CORRUPT, "BOOLEAN"        },
      { "optimizations",      SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS, "DISABLE-MASK"   },
#ifdef YYCOVERAGE
      { "parser_coverage",    SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PARSER_COVERAGE, ""             },
#endif
      { "pending_byte",       SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PENDING_BYTE,  "OFFSET  "       },
      { "prng_restore",       SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE,  ""               },
      { "prng_save",          SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE,     ""               },
      { "prng_seed",          SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SEED,     "SEED ?db?"      },
      { "reserve",            SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESERVE,      "BYTES-OF-RESERVE"},
    };
    int testctrl = -1;
    int iCtrl = -1;
    int rc2 = 0;    /* 0: usage.  1: %d  2: %x  3: no-output */
    int isOk = 0;
    int i, n2;
    const char *zCmd = 0;
................................................................................
            sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, p->out);
            isOk = 3;
          }
#endif
      }
    }
    if( isOk==0 && iCtrl>=0 ){
      utf8_printf(p->out, "Usage: .testctrl %s %s\n", zCmd,aCtrl[iCtrl].zUsage);
      rc = 1;
    }else if( isOk==1 ){
      raw_printf(p->out, "%d\n", rc2);
    }else if( isOk==2 ){
      raw_printf(p->out, "0x%08x\n", rc2);
    }
  }else
................................................................................
    }else{
      if( mType==0 ) mType = SQLITE_TRACE_STMT;
      sqlite3_trace_v2(p->db, mType, sql_trace_callback, p);
    }
  }else
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE) */

#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE)
  if( c=='u' && strncmp(azArg[0], "unmodule", n)==0 ){
    int ii;
    int lenOpt;
    char *zOpt;
    if( nArg<2 ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .unmodule [--allexcept] NAME ...\n");
      rc = 1;
................................................................................
    open_db(p, 0);
    if( strcmp(azArg[1],"login")==0 ){
      if( nArg!=4 ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .user login USER PASSWORD\n");
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }
      rc = sqlite3_user_authenticate(p->db, azArg[2], azArg[3],
                                     strlen30(azArg[3]));
      if( rc ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Authentication failed for user %s\n", azArg[2]);
        rc = 1;
      }
    }else if( strcmp(azArg[1],"add")==0 ){
      if( nArg!=5 ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .user add USER PASSWORD ISADMIN\n");

** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL</td>
** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS option activates or deactivates
** the legacy [double-quoted string literal] misfeature for DDL statements,
** such as CREATE TABLE and CREATE INDEX. The
** default value of this setting is determined by the [-DSQLITE_DQS]
** compile-time option.
** </dd>






















** </dl>
*/
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME            1000 /* const char* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE             1001 /* void* int int */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY           1002 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER        1003 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER 1004 /* int int* */
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE        1009 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE             1010 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA       1011 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE    1012 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML               1013 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL               1014 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW           1015 /* int int* */

#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAX                   1015 /* Largest DBCONFIG */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. ^The extended result
................................................................................
** ^The fourth parameter may optionally be ORed with [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]
** to signal that the function will always return the same result given
** the same inputs within a single SQL statement.  Most SQL functions are
** deterministic.  The built-in [random()] SQL function is an example of a
** function that is not deterministic.  The SQLite query planner is able to
** perform additional optimizations on deterministic functions, so use
** of the [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC] flag is recommended where possible.

** ^The fourth parameter may also optionally include the [SQLITE_DIRECTONLY]
** flag, which if present prevents the function from being invoked from
** within VIEWs or TRIGGERs.


**
** ^(The fifth parameter is an arbitrary pointer.  The implementation of the
** function can gain access to this pointer using [sqlite3_user_data()].)^
**
** ^The sixth, seventh and eighth parameters passed to the three
** "sqlite3_create_function*" functions, xFunc, xStep and xFinal, are
** pointers to C-language functions that implement the SQL function or
................................................................................
** [sqlite3_create_function_v2()].
**
** The SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC flag means that the new function will always
** maps the same inputs into the same output.  The abs() function is
** deterministic, for example, but randomblob() is not.
**
** The SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flag means that the function may only be invoked
** from top-level SQL, and cannot be used in VIEWs or TRIGGERs.













*/
#define SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC    0x000000800
#define SQLITE_DIRECTONLY       0x000080000


/*
** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Functions
** DEPRECATED
**
** These functions are [deprecated].  In order to maintain
** backwards compatibility with older code, these functions continue 

** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL</td>
** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS option activates or deactivates
** the legacy [double-quoted string literal] misfeature for DDL statements,
** such as CREATE TABLE and CREATE INDEX. The
** default value of this setting is determined by the [-DSQLITE_DQS]
** compile-time option.
** </dd>
**
** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT]]
** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT</td>
** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT option activates or deactivates
** the legacy file format flag.  When activated, this flag causes all newly
** created database file to have a schema format version number (the 4-byte
** integer found at offset 44 into the database header) of 1.  This in turn
** means that the resulting database file will be readable and writable by
** any SQLite version back to 3.0.0 ([dateof:3.0.0]).  Without this setting,
** newly created databases are generally not understandable by SQLite versions
** prior to 3.3.0 ([dateof:3.3.0]).  As these words are written, there
** is now scarcely any need to generated database files that are compatible 
** all the way back to version 3.0.0, and so this setting is of little
** practical use, but is provided so that SQLite can continue to claim the
** ability to generate new database files that are compatible with  version
** 3.0.0.
** <p>Note that when the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT setting is on,
** the [VACUUM] command will fail with an obscure error when attempting to
** process a table with generated columns and a descending index.  This is
** not considered a bug since SQLite versions 3.3.0 and earlier do not support
** either generated columns or decending indexes.
** </dd>
** </dl>
*/
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME            1000 /* const char* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE             1001 /* void* int int */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY           1002 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER        1003 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER 1004 /* int int* */
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE        1009 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE             1010 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA       1011 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE    1012 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML               1013 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL               1014 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW           1015 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT    1016 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAX                   1016 /* Largest DBCONFIG */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. ^The extended result
................................................................................
** ^The fourth parameter may optionally be ORed with [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]
** to signal that the function will always return the same result given
** the same inputs within a single SQL statement.  Most SQL functions are
** deterministic.  The built-in [random()] SQL function is an example of a
** function that is not deterministic.  The SQLite query planner is able to
** perform additional optimizations on deterministic functions, so use
** of the [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC] flag is recommended where possible.
**
** ^The fourth parameter may also optionally include the [SQLITE_DIRECTONLY]
** flag, which if present prevents the function from being invoked from
** within VIEWs or TRIGGERs.  For security reasons, the [SQLITE_DIRECTONLY]
** flag is recommended for any application-defined SQL function that has
** side-effects.
**
** ^(The fifth parameter is an arbitrary pointer.  The implementation of the
** function can gain access to this pointer using [sqlite3_user_data()].)^
**
** ^The sixth, seventh and eighth parameters passed to the three
** "sqlite3_create_function*" functions, xFunc, xStep and xFinal, are
** pointers to C-language functions that implement the SQL function or
................................................................................
** [sqlite3_create_function_v2()].
**
** The SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC flag means that the new function will always
** maps the same inputs into the same output.  The abs() function is
** deterministic, for example, but randomblob() is not.
**
** The SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flag means that the function may only be invoked
** from top-level SQL, and cannot be used in VIEWs or TRIGGERs.  This is
** a security feature which is recommended for all 
** [application-defined SQL functions] that have side-effects.  This flag 
** prevents an attacker from adding triggers and views to a schema then 
** tricking a high-privilege application into causing unintended side-effects
** while performing ordinary queries.
**
** The SQLITE_SUBTYPE flag indicates to SQLite that a function may call
** [sqlite3_value_subtype()] to inspect the sub-types of its arguments.
** Specifying this flag makes no difference for scalar or aggregate user
** functions. However, if it is not specified for a user-defined window
** function, then any sub-types belonging to arguments passed to the window
** function may be discarded before the window function is called (i.e.
** sqlite3_value_subtype() will always return 0).
*/
#define SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC    0x000000800
#define SQLITE_DIRECTONLY       0x000080000
#define SQLITE_SUBTYPE          0x000100000

/*
** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Functions
** DEPRECATED
**
** These functions are [deprecated].  In order to maintain
** backwards compatibility with older code, these functions continue 

**
** Lookaside allocations are only allowed for objects that are associated
** with a particular database connection.  Hence, schema information cannot
** be stored in lookaside because in shared cache mode the schema information
** is shared by multiple database connections.  Therefore, while parsing
** schema information, the Lookaside.bEnabled flag is cleared so that
** lookaside allocations are not used to construct the schema objects.






*/
struct Lookaside {
  u32 bDisable;           /* Only operate the lookaside when zero */
  u16 sz;                 /* Size of each buffer in bytes */

  u8 bMalloced;           /* True if pStart obtained from sqlite3_malloc() */
  u32 nSlot;              /* Number of lookaside slots allocated */
  u32 anStat[3];          /* 0: hits.  1: size misses.  2: full misses */
  LookasideSlot *pInit;   /* List of buffers not previously used */
  LookasideSlot *pFree;   /* List of available buffers */
  void *pStart;           /* First byte of available memory space */
  void *pEnd;             /* First byte past end of available space */
};
struct LookasideSlot {
  LookasideSlot *pNext;    /* Next buffer in the list of free buffers */
};





/*
** A hash table for built-in function definitions.  (Application-defined
** functions use a regular table table from hash.h.)
**
** Hash each FuncDef structure into one of the FuncDefHash.a[] slots.
** Collisions are on the FuncDef.u.pHash chain.  Use the SQLITE_FUNC_HASH()
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_FUNC_SLOCHNG  0x2000 /* "Slow Change". Value constant during a
                                    ** single query - might change over time */
#define SQLITE_FUNC_AFFINITY 0x4000 /* Built-in affinity() function */
#define SQLITE_FUNC_OFFSET   0x8000 /* Built-in sqlite_offset() function */
#define SQLITE_FUNC_WINDOW   0x00010000 /* Built-in window-only function */
#define SQLITE_FUNC_INTERNAL 0x00040000 /* For use by NestedParse() only */
#define SQLITE_FUNC_DIRECT   0x00080000 /* Not for use in TRIGGERs or VIEWs */


/*
** The following three macros, FUNCTION(), LIKEFUNC() and AGGREGATE() are
** used to create the initializers for the FuncDef structures.
**
**   FUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc)
**     Used to create a scalar function definition of a function zName
................................................................................
  int nRefModule;                      /* Number of pointers to this object */
  void *pAux;                          /* pAux passed to create_module() */
  void (*xDestroy)(void *);            /* Module destructor function */
  Table *pEpoTab;                      /* Eponymous table for this module */
};

/*
** information about each column of an SQL table is held in an instance
** of this structure.













*/
struct Column {
  char *zName;     /* Name of this column, \000, then the type */
  Expr *pDflt;     /* Default value of this column */
  char *zColl;     /* Collating sequence.  If NULL, use the default */
  u8 notNull;      /* An OE_ code for handling a NOT NULL constraint */
  char affinity;   /* One of the SQLITE_AFF_... values */
  u8 szEst;        /* Estimated size of value in this column. sizeof(INT)==1 */
  u8 colFlags;     /* Boolean properties.  See COLFLAG_ defines below */
};

/* Allowed values for Column.colFlags:
*/
#define COLFLAG_PRIMKEY  0x0001    /* Column is part of the primary key */
#define COLFLAG_HIDDEN   0x0002    /* A hidden column in a virtual table */
#define COLFLAG_HASTYPE  0x0004    /* Type name follows column name */
#define COLFLAG_UNIQUE   0x0008    /* Column def contains "UNIQUE" or "PK" */
#define COLFLAG_SORTERREF 0x0010   /* Use sorter-refs with this column */







/*
** A "Collating Sequence" is defined by an instance of the following
** structure. Conceptually, a collating sequence consists of a name and
** a comparison routine that defines the order of that sequence.
**
** If CollSeq.xCmp is NULL, it means that the
................................................................................
  ExprList *pCheck;    /* All CHECK constraints */
                       /*   ... also used as column name list in a VIEW */
  int tnum;            /* Root BTree page for this table */
  u32 nTabRef;         /* Number of pointers to this Table */
  u32 tabFlags;        /* Mask of TF_* values */
  i16 iPKey;           /* If not negative, use aCol[iPKey] as the rowid */
  i16 nCol;            /* Number of columns in this table */

  LogEst nRowLogEst;   /* Estimated rows in table - from sqlite_stat1 table */
  LogEst szTabRow;     /* Estimated size of each table row in bytes */
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_COSTMULT
  LogEst costMult;     /* Cost multiplier for using this table */
#endif
  u8 keyConf;          /* What to do in case of uniqueness conflict on iPKey */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_ALTERTABLE
................................................................................
/*
** Allowed values for Table.tabFlags.
**
** TF_OOOHidden applies to tables or view that have hidden columns that are
** followed by non-hidden columns.  Example:  "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE x USING
** vtab1(a HIDDEN, b);".  Since "b" is a non-hidden column but "a" is hidden,
** the TF_OOOHidden attribute would apply in this case.  Such tables require
** special handling during INSERT processing.





*/
#define TF_Readonly        0x0001    /* Read-only system table */
#define TF_Ephemeral       0x0002    /* An ephemeral table */
#define TF_HasPrimaryKey   0x0004    /* Table has a primary key */
#define TF_Autoincrement   0x0008    /* Integer primary key is autoincrement */
#define TF_HasStat1        0x0010    /* nRowLogEst set from sqlite_stat1 */
#define TF_WithoutRowid    0x0020    /* No rowid.  PRIMARY KEY is the key */
#define TF_NoVisibleRowid  0x0040    /* No user-visible "rowid" column */
#define TF_OOOHidden       0x0080    /* Out-of-Order hidden columns */

#define TF_StatsUsed       0x0100    /* Query planner decisions affected by
                                     ** Index.aiRowLogEst[] values */


#define TF_HasNotNull      0x0200    /* Contains NOT NULL constraints */
#define TF_Shadow          0x0400    /* True for a shadow table */

/*
** Test to see whether or not a table is a virtual table.  This is
** done as a macro so that it will be optimized out when virtual
** table support is omitted from the build.
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
................................................................................
*/
struct KeyInfo {
  u32 nRef;           /* Number of references to this KeyInfo object */
  u8 enc;             /* Text encoding - one of the SQLITE_UTF* values */
  u16 nKeyField;      /* Number of key columns in the index */
  u16 nAllField;      /* Total columns, including key plus others */
  sqlite3 *db;        /* The database connection */
  u8 *aSortOrder;     /* Sort order for each column. */
  CollSeq *aColl[1];  /* Collating sequence for each term of the key */
};







/*
** This object holds a record which has been parsed out into individual
** fields, for the purposes of doing a comparison.
**
** A record is an object that contains one or more fields of data.
** Records are used to store the content of a table row and to store
** the key of an index.  A blob encoding of a record is created by
................................................................................
  unsigned uniqNotNull:1;  /* True if UNIQUE and NOT NULL for all columns */
  unsigned isResized:1;    /* True if resizeIndexObject() has been called */
  unsigned isCovering:1;   /* True if this is a covering index */
  unsigned noSkipScan:1;   /* Do not try to use skip-scan if true */
  unsigned hasStat1:1;     /* aiRowLogEst values come from sqlite_stat1 */
  unsigned bNoQuery:1;     /* Do not use this index to optimize queries */
  unsigned bAscKeyBug:1;   /* True if the bba7b69f9849b5bf bug applies */

#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
  int nSample;             /* Number of elements in aSample[] */
  int nSampleCol;          /* Size of IndexSample.anEq[] and so on */
  tRowcnt *aAvgEq;         /* Average nEq values for keys not in aSample */
  IndexSample *aSample;    /* Samples of the left-most key */
  tRowcnt *aiRowEst;       /* Non-logarithmic stat1 data for this index */
  tRowcnt nRowEst0;        /* Non-logarithmic number of rows in the index */
................................................................................
** are contained within the same memory allocation.  Note, however, that
** the subtrees in Expr.x.pList or Expr.x.pSelect are always separately
** allocated, regardless of whether or not EP_Reduced is set.
*/
struct Expr {
  u8 op;                 /* Operation performed by this node */
  char affExpr;          /* affinity, or RAISE type */




  u32 flags;             /* Various flags.  EP_* See below */
  union {
    char *zToken;          /* Token value. Zero terminated and dequoted */
    int iValue;            /* Non-negative integer value if EP_IntValue */
  } u;

  /* If the EP_TokenOnly flag is set in the Expr.flags mask, then no
................................................................................
#if SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH>0
  int nHeight;           /* Height of the tree headed by this node */
#endif
  int iTable;            /* TK_COLUMN: cursor number of table holding column
                         ** TK_REGISTER: register number
                         ** TK_TRIGGER: 1 -> new, 0 -> old
                         ** EP_Unlikely:  134217728 times likelihood


                         ** TK_SELECT: 1st register of result vector */
  ynVar iColumn;         /* TK_COLUMN: column index.  -1 for rowid.
                         ** TK_VARIABLE: variable number (always >= 1).
                         ** TK_SELECT_COLUMN: column of the result vector */
  i16 iAgg;              /* Which entry in pAggInfo->aCol[] or ->aFunc[] */
  i16 iRightJoinTable;   /* If EP_FromJoin, the right table of the join */
  u8 op2;                /* TK_REGISTER/TK_TRUTH: original value of Expr.op
                         ** TK_COLUMN: the value of p5 for OP_Column
                         ** TK_AGG_FUNCTION: nesting depth */
  AggInfo *pAggInfo;     /* Used by TK_AGG_COLUMN and TK_AGG_FUNCTION */
  union {
    Table *pTab;           /* TK_COLUMN: Table containing column. Can be NULL
                           ** for a column of an index on an expression */
    Window *pWin;          /* EP_WinFunc: Window/Filter defn for a function */
    struct {               /* TK_IN, TK_SELECT, and TK_EXISTS */
      int iAddr;             /* Subroutine entry address */
................................................................................
#define EP_HasFunc    0x000004 /* Contains one or more functions of any kind */
#define EP_FixedCol   0x000008 /* TK_Column with a known fixed value */
#define EP_Agg        0x000010 /* Contains one or more aggregate functions */
#define EP_VarSelect  0x000020 /* pSelect is correlated, not constant */
#define EP_DblQuoted  0x000040 /* token.z was originally in "..." */
#define EP_InfixFunc  0x000080 /* True for an infix function: LIKE, GLOB, etc */
#define EP_Collate    0x000100 /* Tree contains a TK_COLLATE operator */
#define EP_Generic    0x000200 /* Ignore COLLATE or affinity on this tree */
#define EP_IntValue   0x000400 /* Integer value contained in u.iValue */
#define EP_xIsSelect  0x000800 /* x.pSelect is valid (otherwise x.pList is) */
#define EP_Skip       0x001000 /* Operator does not contribute to affinity */
#define EP_Reduced    0x002000 /* Expr struct EXPR_REDUCEDSIZE bytes only */
#define EP_TokenOnly  0x004000 /* Expr struct EXPR_TOKENONLYSIZE bytes only */
#define EP_Win        0x008000 /* Contains window functions */
#define EP_MemToken   0x010000 /* Need to sqlite3DbFree() Expr.zToken */
................................................................................
*/
#define EXPRDUP_REDUCE         0x0001  /* Used reduced-size Expr nodes */

/*
** True if the expression passed as an argument was a function with
** an OVER() clause (a window function).
*/



#define IsWindowFunc(p) ( \
    ExprHasProperty((p), EP_WinFunc) && p->y.pWin->eFrmType!=TK_FILTER \
)


/*
** A list of expressions.  Each expression may optionally have a
** name.  An expr/name combination can be used in several ways, such
** as the list of "expr AS ID" fields following a "SELECT" or in the
** list of "ID = expr" items in an UPDATE.  A list of expressions can
** also be used as the argument to a function, in which case the a.zName
................................................................................
*/
struct ExprList {
  int nExpr;             /* Number of expressions on the list */
  struct ExprList_item { /* For each expression in the list */
    Expr *pExpr;            /* The parse tree for this expression */
    char *zName;            /* Token associated with this expression */
    char *zSpan;            /* Original text of the expression */
    u8 sortOrder;           /* 1 for DESC or 0 for ASC */
    unsigned done :1;       /* A flag to indicate when processing is finished */
    unsigned bSpanIsTab :1; /* zSpan holds DB.TABLE.COLUMN */
    unsigned reusable :1;   /* Constant expression is reusable */
    unsigned bSorterRef :1; /* Defer evaluation until after sorting */

    union {
      struct {
        u16 iOrderByCol;      /* For ORDER BY, column number in result set */
        u16 iAlias;           /* Index into Parse.aAlias[] for zName */
      } x;
      int iConstExprReg;      /* Register in which Expr value is cached */
    } u;
................................................................................
**
** Value constraints (all checked via assert()):
**    NC_HasAgg    == SF_HasAgg    == EP_Agg
**    NC_MinMaxAgg == SF_MinMaxAgg == SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX
**    NC_HasWin    == EP_Win
**
*/
#define NC_AllowAgg  0x0001  /* Aggregate functions are allowed here */
#define NC_PartIdx   0x0002  /* True if resolving a partial index WHERE */
#define NC_IsCheck   0x0004  /* True if resolving names in a CHECK constraint */
#define NC_InAggFunc 0x0008  /* True if analyzing arguments to an agg func */
#define NC_HasAgg    0x0010  /* One or more aggregate functions seen */
#define NC_IdxExpr   0x0020  /* True if resolving columns of CREATE INDEX */

#define NC_VarSelect 0x0040  /* A correlated subquery has been seen */
#define NC_UEList    0x0080  /* True if uNC.pEList is used */
#define NC_UAggInfo  0x0100  /* True if uNC.pAggInfo is used */
#define NC_UUpsert   0x0200  /* True if uNC.pUpsert is used */
#define NC_MinMaxAgg 0x1000  /* min/max aggregates seen.  See note above */
#define NC_Complex   0x2000  /* True if a function or subquery seen */
#define NC_AllowWin  0x4000  /* Window functions are allowed here */
#define NC_HasWin    0x8000  /* One or more window functions seen */
#define NC_IsDDL    0x10000  /* Resolving names in a CREATE statement */


/*
** An instance of the following object describes a single ON CONFLICT
** clause in an upsert.
**
** The pUpsertTarget field is only set if the ON CONFLICT clause includes
** conflict-target clause.  (In "ON CONFLICT(a,b)" the "(a,b)" is the
................................................................................
** "Select Flag".
**
** Value constraints (all checked via assert())
**     SF_HasAgg     == NC_HasAgg
**     SF_MinMaxAgg  == NC_MinMaxAgg     == SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX
**     SF_FixedLimit == WHERE_USE_LIMIT
*/
#define SF_Distinct       0x00001  /* Output should be DISTINCT */
#define SF_All            0x00002  /* Includes the ALL keyword */
#define SF_Resolved       0x00004  /* Identifiers have been resolved */
#define SF_Aggregate      0x00008  /* Contains agg functions or a GROUP BY */
#define SF_HasAgg         0x00010  /* Contains aggregate functions */
#define SF_UsesEphemeral  0x00020  /* Uses the OpenEphemeral opcode */
#define SF_Expanded       0x00040  /* sqlite3SelectExpand() called on this */
#define SF_HasTypeInfo    0x00080  /* FROM subqueries have Table metadata */
#define SF_Compound       0x00100  /* Part of a compound query */
#define SF_Values         0x00200  /* Synthesized from VALUES clause */
#define SF_MultiValue     0x00400  /* Single VALUES term with multiple rows */
#define SF_NestedFrom     0x00800  /* Part of a parenthesized FROM clause */
#define SF_MinMaxAgg      0x01000  /* Aggregate containing min() or max() */
#define SF_Recursive      0x02000  /* The recursive part of a recursive CTE */
#define SF_FixedLimit     0x04000  /* nSelectRow set by a constant LIMIT */
#define SF_MaybeConvert   0x08000  /* Need convertCompoundSelectToSubquery() */
#define SF_Converted      0x10000  /* By convertCompoundSelectToSubquery() */
#define SF_IncludeHidden  0x20000  /* Include hidden columns in output */
#define SF_ComplexResult  0x40000  /* Result contains subquery or function */
#define SF_WhereBegin     0x80000  /* Really a WhereBegin() call.  Debug Only */


/*
** The results of a SELECT can be distributed in several ways, as defined
** by one of the following macros.  The "SRT" prefix means "SELECT Result
** Type".
**
**     SRT_Union       Store results as a key in a temporary index
................................................................................
*/
struct Walker {
  Parse *pParse;                            /* Parser context.  */
  int (*xExprCallback)(Walker*, Expr*);     /* Callback for expressions */
  int (*xSelectCallback)(Walker*,Select*);  /* Callback for SELECTs */
  void (*xSelectCallback2)(Walker*,Select*);/* Second callback for SELECTs */
  int walkerDepth;                          /* Number of subqueries */
  u8 eCode;                                 /* A small processing code */
  union {                                   /* Extra data for callback */
    NameContext *pNC;                         /* Naming context */
    int n;                                    /* A counter */
    int iCur;                                 /* A cursor number */
    SrcList *pSrcList;                        /* FROM clause */
    struct SrcCount *pSrcCount;               /* Counting column references */
    struct CCurHint *pCCurHint;               /* Used by codeCursorHint() */
................................................................................
    struct IdxCover *pIdxCover;               /* Check for index coverage */
    struct IdxExprTrans *pIdxTrans;           /* Convert idxed expr to column */
    ExprList *pGroupBy;                       /* GROUP BY clause */
    Select *pSelect;                          /* HAVING to WHERE clause ctx */
    struct WindowRewrite *pRewrite;           /* Window rewrite context */
    struct WhereConst *pConst;                /* WHERE clause constants */
    struct RenameCtx *pRename;                /* RENAME COLUMN context */

  } u;
};

/* Forward declarations */
int sqlite3WalkExpr(Walker*, Expr*);
int sqlite3WalkExprList(Walker*, ExprList*);
int sqlite3WalkSelect(Walker*, Select*);
................................................................................
  Expr *pStart;           /* Expression for "<expr> PRECEDING" */
  Expr *pEnd;             /* Expression for "<expr> FOLLOWING" */
  Window **ppThis;        /* Pointer to this object in Select.pWin list */
  Window *pNextWin;       /* Next window function belonging to this SELECT */
  Expr *pFilter;          /* The FILTER expression */
  FuncDef *pFunc;         /* The function */
  int iEphCsr;            /* Partition buffer or Peer buffer */
  int regAccum;
  int regResult;
  int csrApp;             /* Function cursor (used by min/max) */
  int regApp;             /* Function register (also used by min/max) */
  int regPart;            /* Array of registers for PARTITION BY values */
  Expr *pOwner;           /* Expression object this window is attached to */
  int nBufferCol;         /* Number of columns in buffer table */
  int iArgCol;            /* Offset of first argument for this function */
  int regOne;             /* Register containing constant value 1 */
  int regStartRowid;
  int regEndRowid;


};

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
void sqlite3WindowDelete(sqlite3*, Window*);
void sqlite3WindowUnlinkFromSelect(Window*);
void sqlite3WindowListDelete(sqlite3 *db, Window *p);
Window *sqlite3WindowAlloc(Parse*, int, int, Expr*, int , Expr*, u8);
................................................................................
Expr *sqlite3ExprSimplifiedAndOr(Expr*);
Expr *sqlite3ExprFunction(Parse*,ExprList*, Token*, int);
void sqlite3ExprAssignVarNumber(Parse*, Expr*, u32);
void sqlite3ExprDelete(sqlite3*, Expr*);
void sqlite3ExprUnmapAndDelete(Parse*, Expr*);
ExprList *sqlite3ExprListAppend(Parse*,ExprList*,Expr*);
ExprList *sqlite3ExprListAppendVector(Parse*,ExprList*,IdList*,Expr*);
void sqlite3ExprListSetSortOrder(ExprList*,int);
void sqlite3ExprListSetName(Parse*,ExprList*,Token*,int);
void sqlite3ExprListSetSpan(Parse*,ExprList*,const char*,const char*);
void sqlite3ExprListDelete(sqlite3*, ExprList*);
u32 sqlite3ExprListFlags(const ExprList*);
int sqlite3IndexHasDuplicateRootPage(Index*);
int sqlite3Init(sqlite3*, char**);
int sqlite3InitCallback(void*, int, char**, char**);
................................................................................
void sqlite3CommitInternalChanges(sqlite3*);
void sqlite3DeleteColumnNames(sqlite3*,Table*);
int sqlite3ColumnsFromExprList(Parse*,ExprList*,i16*,Column**);
void sqlite3SelectAddColumnTypeAndCollation(Parse*,Table*,Select*,char);
Table *sqlite3ResultSetOfSelect(Parse*,Select*,char);
void sqlite3OpenMasterTable(Parse *, int);
Index *sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(Table*);
i16 sqlite3ColumnOfIndex(Index*, i16);







void sqlite3StartTable(Parse*,Token*,Token*,int,int,int,int);
#if SQLITE_ENABLE_HIDDEN_COLUMNS
  void sqlite3ColumnPropertiesFromName(Table*, Column*);
#else
# define sqlite3ColumnPropertiesFromName(T,C) /* no-op */
#endif
void sqlite3AddColumn(Parse*,Token*,Token*);
void sqlite3AddNotNull(Parse*, int);
void sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(Parse*, ExprList*, int, int, int);
void sqlite3AddCheckConstraint(Parse*, Expr*);
void sqlite3AddDefaultValue(Parse*,Expr*,const char*,const char*);
void sqlite3AddCollateType(Parse*, Token*);

void sqlite3EndTable(Parse*,Token*,Token*,u8,Select*);



int sqlite3ParseUri(const char*,const char*,unsigned int*,
                    sqlite3_vfs**,char**,char **);
#ifdef SQLITE_HAS_CODEC
  int sqlite3CodecQueryParameters(sqlite3*,const char*,const char*);
#else
# define sqlite3CodecQueryParameters(A,B,C) 0
#endif
................................................................................
  void sqlite3AutoincrementBegin(Parse *pParse);
  void sqlite3AutoincrementEnd(Parse *pParse);
#else
# define sqlite3AutoincrementBegin(X)
# define sqlite3AutoincrementEnd(X)
#endif
void sqlite3Insert(Parse*, SrcList*, Select*, IdList*, int, Upsert*);



void *sqlite3ArrayAllocate(sqlite3*,void*,int,int*,int*);
IdList *sqlite3IdListAppend(Parse*, IdList*, Token*);
int sqlite3IdListIndex(IdList*,const char*);
SrcList *sqlite3SrcListEnlarge(Parse*, SrcList*, int, int);
SrcList *sqlite3SrcListAppend(Parse*, SrcList*, Token*, Token*);
SrcList *sqlite3SrcListAppendFromTerm(Parse*, SrcList*, Token*, Token*,
                                      Token*, Select*, Expr*, IdList*);
................................................................................
#define ONEPASS_SINGLE   1        /* ONEPASS valid for a single row update */
#define ONEPASS_MULTI    2        /* ONEPASS is valid for multiple rows */
void sqlite3ExprCodeLoadIndexColumn(Parse*, Index*, int, int, int);
int sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumn(Parse*, Table*, int, int, int, u8);
void sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(Vdbe*, Table*, int, int, int);
void sqlite3ExprCodeMove(Parse*, int, int, int);
void sqlite3ExprCode(Parse*, Expr*, int);



void sqlite3ExprCodeCopy(Parse*, Expr*, int);
void sqlite3ExprCodeFactorable(Parse*, Expr*, int);
int sqlite3ExprCodeAtInit(Parse*, Expr*, int);
int sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(Parse*, Expr*, int*);
int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse*, Expr*, int);
void sqlite3ExprCodeAndCache(Parse*, Expr*, int);
int sqlite3ExprCodeExprList(Parse*, ExprList*, int, int, u8);
#define SQLITE_ECEL_DUP      0x01  /* Deep, not shallow copies */
#define SQLITE_ECEL_FACTOR   0x02  /* Factor out constant terms */
#define SQLITE_ECEL_REF      0x04  /* Use ExprList.u.x.iOrderByCol */
#define SQLITE_ECEL_OMITREF  0x08  /* Omit if ExprList.u.x.iOrderByCol */
void sqlite3ExprIfTrue(Parse*, Expr*, int, int);
void sqlite3ExprIfFalse(Parse*, Expr*, int, int);
................................................................................
CollSeq *sqlite3LocateCollSeq(Parse *pParse, const char*zName);
CollSeq *sqlite3ExprCollSeq(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr);
CollSeq *sqlite3ExprNNCollSeq(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr);
int sqlite3ExprCollSeqMatch(Parse*,Expr*,Expr*);
Expr *sqlite3ExprAddCollateToken(Parse *pParse, Expr*, const Token*, int);
Expr *sqlite3ExprAddCollateString(Parse*,Expr*,const char*);
Expr *sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(Expr*);

int sqlite3CheckCollSeq(Parse *, CollSeq *);
int sqlite3WritableSchema(sqlite3*);
int sqlite3CheckObjectName(Parse*, const char*,const char*,const char*);
void sqlite3VdbeSetChanges(sqlite3 *, int);
int sqlite3AddInt64(i64*,i64);
int sqlite3SubInt64(i64*,i64);
int sqlite3MulInt64(i64*,i64);
................................................................................
int sqlite3ValueFromExpr(sqlite3 *, Expr *, u8, u8, sqlite3_value **);
void sqlite3ValueApplyAffinity(sqlite3_value *, u8, u8);
#ifndef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
extern const unsigned char sqlite3OpcodeProperty[];
extern const char sqlite3StrBINARY[];
extern const unsigned char sqlite3UpperToLower[];
extern const unsigned char sqlite3CtypeMap[];
extern const Token sqlite3IntTokens[];
extern SQLITE_WSD struct Sqlite3Config sqlite3Config;
extern FuncDefHash sqlite3BuiltinFunctions;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WSD
extern int sqlite3PendingByte;
#endif
#endif
#ifdef VDBE_PROFILE
................................................................................
Schema *sqlite3SchemaGet(sqlite3 *, Btree *);
int sqlite3SchemaToIndex(sqlite3 *db, Schema *);
KeyInfo *sqlite3KeyInfoAlloc(sqlite3*,int,int);
void sqlite3KeyInfoUnref(KeyInfo*);
KeyInfo *sqlite3KeyInfoRef(KeyInfo*);
KeyInfo *sqlite3KeyInfoOfIndex(Parse*, Index*);
KeyInfo *sqlite3KeyInfoFromExprList(Parse*, ExprList*, int, int);


#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
int sqlite3KeyInfoIsWriteable(KeyInfo*);
#endif
int sqlite3CreateFunc(sqlite3 *, const char *, int, int, void *,
  void (*)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **),
  void (*)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **), 
................................................................................
int sqlite3TransferBindings(sqlite3_stmt *, sqlite3_stmt *);
void sqlite3ParserReset(Parse*);
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
char *sqlite3Normalize(Vdbe*, const char*);
#endif
int sqlite3Reprepare(Vdbe*);
void sqlite3ExprListCheckLength(Parse*, ExprList*, const char*);

CollSeq *sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq(Parse *, Expr *, Expr *);
int sqlite3TempInMemory(const sqlite3*);
const char *sqlite3JournalModename(int);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL
  int sqlite3Checkpoint(sqlite3*, int, int, int*, int*);
  int sqlite3WalDefaultHook(void*,sqlite3*,const char*,int);
#endif

**
** Lookaside allocations are only allowed for objects that are associated
** with a particular database connection.  Hence, schema information cannot
** be stored in lookaside because in shared cache mode the schema information
** is shared by multiple database connections.  Therefore, while parsing
** schema information, the Lookaside.bEnabled flag is cleared so that
** lookaside allocations are not used to construct the schema objects.
**
** New lookaside allocations are only allowed if bDisable==0.  When
** bDisable is greater than zero, sz is set to zero which effectively
** disables lookaside without adding a new test for the bDisable flag
** in a performance-critical path.  sz should be set by to szTrue whenever
** bDisable changes back to zero.
*/
struct Lookaside {
  u32 bDisable;           /* Only operate the lookaside when zero */
  u16 sz;                 /* Size of each buffer in bytes */
  u16 szTrue;             /* True value of sz, even if disabled */
  u8 bMalloced;           /* True if pStart obtained from sqlite3_malloc() */
  u32 nSlot;              /* Number of lookaside slots allocated */
  u32 anStat[3];          /* 0: hits.  1: size misses.  2: full misses */
  LookasideSlot *pInit;   /* List of buffers not previously used */
  LookasideSlot *pFree;   /* List of available buffers */
  void *pStart;           /* First byte of available memory space */
  void *pEnd;             /* First byte past end of available space */
};
struct LookasideSlot {
  LookasideSlot *pNext;    /* Next buffer in the list of free buffers */
};

#define DisableLookaside  db->lookaside.bDisable++;db->lookaside.sz=0
#define EnableLookaside   db->lookaside.bDisable--;\
   db->lookaside.sz=db->lookaside.bDisable?0:db->lookaside.szTrue

/*
** A hash table for built-in function definitions.  (Application-defined
** functions use a regular table table from hash.h.)
**
** Hash each FuncDef structure into one of the FuncDefHash.a[] slots.
** Collisions are on the FuncDef.u.pHash chain.  Use the SQLITE_FUNC_HASH()
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_FUNC_SLOCHNG  0x2000 /* "Slow Change". Value constant during a
                                    ** single query - might change over time */
#define SQLITE_FUNC_AFFINITY 0x4000 /* Built-in affinity() function */
#define SQLITE_FUNC_OFFSET   0x8000 /* Built-in sqlite_offset() function */
#define SQLITE_FUNC_WINDOW   0x00010000 /* Built-in window-only function */
#define SQLITE_FUNC_INTERNAL 0x00040000 /* For use by NestedParse() only */
#define SQLITE_FUNC_DIRECT   0x00080000 /* Not for use in TRIGGERs or VIEWs */
#define SQLITE_FUNC_SUBTYPE  0x00100000 /* Result likely to have sub-type */

/*
** The following three macros, FUNCTION(), LIKEFUNC() and AGGREGATE() are
** used to create the initializers for the FuncDef structures.
**
**   FUNCTION(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc)
**     Used to create a scalar function definition of a function zName
................................................................................
  int nRefModule;                      /* Number of pointers to this object */
  void *pAux;                          /* pAux passed to create_module() */
  void (*xDestroy)(void *);            /* Module destructor function */
  Table *pEpoTab;                      /* Eponymous table for this module */
};

/*
** Information about each column of an SQL table is held in an instance
** of the Column structure, in the Table.aCol[] array.
**
** Definitions:
**
**   "table column index"     This is the index of the column in the
**                            Table.aCol[] array, and also the index of
**                            the column in the original CREATE TABLE stmt.
**
**   "storage column index"   This is the index of the column in the
**                            record BLOB generated by the OP_MakeRecord
**                            opcode.  The storage column index is less than
**                            or equal to the table column index.  It is
**                            equal if and only if there are no VIRTUAL
**                            columns to the left.
*/
struct Column {
  char *zName;     /* Name of this column, \000, then the type */
  Expr *pDflt;     /* Default value or GENERATED ALWAYS AS value */
  char *zColl;     /* Collating sequence.  If NULL, use the default */
  u8 notNull;      /* An OE_ code for handling a NOT NULL constraint */
  char affinity;   /* One of the SQLITE_AFF_... values */
  u8 szEst;        /* Estimated size of value in this column. sizeof(INT)==1 */
  u16 colFlags;    /* Boolean properties.  See COLFLAG_ defines below */
};

/* Allowed values for Column.colFlags:
*/
#define COLFLAG_PRIMKEY   0x0001   /* Column is part of the primary key */
#define COLFLAG_HIDDEN    0x0002   /* A hidden column in a virtual table */
#define COLFLAG_HASTYPE   0x0004   /* Type name follows column name */
#define COLFLAG_UNIQUE    0x0008   /* Column def contains "UNIQUE" or "PK" */
#define COLFLAG_SORTERREF 0x0010   /* Use sorter-refs with this column */
#define COLFLAG_VIRTUAL   0x0020   /* GENERATED ALWAYS AS ... VIRTUAL */
#define COLFLAG_STORED    0x0040   /* GENERATED ALWAYS AS ... STORED */
#define COLFLAG_NOTAVAIL  0x0080   /* STORED column not yet calculated */
#define COLFLAG_BUSY      0x0100   /* Blocks recursion on GENERATED columns */
#define COLFLAG_GENERATED 0x0060   /* Combo: _STORED, _VIRTUAL */
#define COLFLAG_NOINSERT  0x0062   /* Combo: _HIDDEN, _STORED, _VIRTUAL */

/*
** A "Collating Sequence" is defined by an instance of the following
** structure. Conceptually, a collating sequence consists of a name and
** a comparison routine that defines the order of that sequence.
**
** If CollSeq.xCmp is NULL, it means that the
................................................................................
  ExprList *pCheck;    /* All CHECK constraints */
                       /*   ... also used as column name list in a VIEW */
  int tnum;            /* Root BTree page for this table */
  u32 nTabRef;         /* Number of pointers to this Table */
  u32 tabFlags;        /* Mask of TF_* values */
  i16 iPKey;           /* If not negative, use aCol[iPKey] as the rowid */
  i16 nCol;            /* Number of columns in this table */
  i16 nNVCol;          /* Number of columns that are not VIRTUAL */
  LogEst nRowLogEst;   /* Estimated rows in table - from sqlite_stat1 table */
  LogEst szTabRow;     /* Estimated size of each table row in bytes */
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_COSTMULT
  LogEst costMult;     /* Cost multiplier for using this table */
#endif
  u8 keyConf;          /* What to do in case of uniqueness conflict on iPKey */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_ALTERTABLE
................................................................................
/*
** Allowed values for Table.tabFlags.
**
** TF_OOOHidden applies to tables or view that have hidden columns that are
** followed by non-hidden columns.  Example:  "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE x USING
** vtab1(a HIDDEN, b);".  Since "b" is a non-hidden column but "a" is hidden,
** the TF_OOOHidden attribute would apply in this case.  Such tables require
** special handling during INSERT processing. The "OOO" means "Out Of Order".
**
** Constraints:
**
**         TF_HasVirtual == COLFLAG_Virtual
**         TF_HasStored  == COLFLAG_Stored
*/
#define TF_Readonly        0x0001    /* Read-only system table */
#define TF_Ephemeral       0x0002    /* An ephemeral table */
#define TF_HasPrimaryKey   0x0004    /* Table has a primary key */
#define TF_Autoincrement   0x0008    /* Integer primary key is autoincrement */
#define TF_HasStat1        0x0010    /* nRowLogEst set from sqlite_stat1 */
#define TF_HasVirtual      0x0020    /* Has one or more VIRTUAL columns */
#define TF_HasStored       0x0040    /* Has one or more STORED columns */
#define TF_HasGenerated    0x0060    /* Combo: HasVirtual + HasStored */
#define TF_WithoutRowid    0x0080    /* No rowid.  PRIMARY KEY is the key */
#define TF_StatsUsed       0x0100    /* Query planner decisions affected by
                                     ** Index.aiRowLogEst[] values */
#define TF_NoVisibleRowid  0x0200    /* No user-visible "rowid" column */
#define TF_OOOHidden       0x0400    /* Out-of-Order hidden columns */
#define TF_HasNotNull      0x0800    /* Contains NOT NULL constraints */
#define TF_Shadow          0x1000    /* True for a shadow table */

/*
** Test to see whether or not a table is a virtual table.  This is
** done as a macro so that it will be optimized out when virtual
** table support is omitted from the build.
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
................................................................................
*/
struct KeyInfo {
  u32 nRef;           /* Number of references to this KeyInfo object */
  u8 enc;             /* Text encoding - one of the SQLITE_UTF* values */
  u16 nKeyField;      /* Number of key columns in the index */
  u16 nAllField;      /* Total columns, including key plus others */
  sqlite3 *db;        /* The database connection */
  u8 *aSortFlags;     /* Sort order for each column. */
  CollSeq *aColl[1];  /* Collating sequence for each term of the key */
};

/*
** Allowed bit values for entries in the KeyInfo.aSortFlags[] array.
*/
#define KEYINFO_ORDER_DESC    0x01    /* DESC sort order */
#define KEYINFO_ORDER_BIGNULL 0x02    /* NULL is larger than any other value */

/*
** This object holds a record which has been parsed out into individual
** fields, for the purposes of doing a comparison.
**
** A record is an object that contains one or more fields of data.
** Records are used to store the content of a table row and to store
** the key of an index.  A blob encoding of a record is created by
................................................................................
  unsigned uniqNotNull:1;  /* True if UNIQUE and NOT NULL for all columns */
  unsigned isResized:1;    /* True if resizeIndexObject() has been called */
  unsigned isCovering:1;   /* True if this is a covering index */
  unsigned noSkipScan:1;   /* Do not try to use skip-scan if true */
  unsigned hasStat1:1;     /* aiRowLogEst values come from sqlite_stat1 */
  unsigned bNoQuery:1;     /* Do not use this index to optimize queries */
  unsigned bAscKeyBug:1;   /* True if the bba7b69f9849b5bf bug applies */
  unsigned bHasVCol:1;     /* Index references one or more VIRTUAL columns */
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
  int nSample;             /* Number of elements in aSample[] */
  int nSampleCol;          /* Size of IndexSample.anEq[] and so on */
  tRowcnt *aAvgEq;         /* Average nEq values for keys not in aSample */
  IndexSample *aSample;    /* Samples of the left-most key */
  tRowcnt *aiRowEst;       /* Non-logarithmic stat1 data for this index */
  tRowcnt nRowEst0;        /* Non-logarithmic number of rows in the index */
................................................................................
** are contained within the same memory allocation.  Note, however, that
** the subtrees in Expr.x.pList or Expr.x.pSelect are always separately
** allocated, regardless of whether or not EP_Reduced is set.
*/
struct Expr {
  u8 op;                 /* Operation performed by this node */
  char affExpr;          /* affinity, or RAISE type */
  u8 op2;                /* TK_REGISTER/TK_TRUTH: original value of Expr.op
                         ** TK_COLUMN: the value of p5 for OP_Column
                         ** TK_AGG_FUNCTION: nesting depth
                         ** TK_FUNCTION: NC_SelfRef flag if needs OP_PureFunc */
  u32 flags;             /* Various flags.  EP_* See below */
  union {
    char *zToken;          /* Token value. Zero terminated and dequoted */
    int iValue;            /* Non-negative integer value if EP_IntValue */
  } u;

  /* If the EP_TokenOnly flag is set in the Expr.flags mask, then no
................................................................................
#if SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH>0
  int nHeight;           /* Height of the tree headed by this node */
#endif
  int iTable;            /* TK_COLUMN: cursor number of table holding column
                         ** TK_REGISTER: register number
                         ** TK_TRIGGER: 1 -> new, 0 -> old
                         ** EP_Unlikely:  134217728 times likelihood
                         ** TK_IN: ephemerial table holding RHS
                         ** TK_SELECT_COLUMN: Number of columns on the LHS
                         ** TK_SELECT: 1st register of result vector */
  ynVar iColumn;         /* TK_COLUMN: column index.  -1 for rowid.
                         ** TK_VARIABLE: variable number (always >= 1).
                         ** TK_SELECT_COLUMN: column of the result vector */
  i16 iAgg;              /* Which entry in pAggInfo->aCol[] or ->aFunc[] */
  i16 iRightJoinTable;   /* If EP_FromJoin, the right table of the join */



  AggInfo *pAggInfo;     /* Used by TK_AGG_COLUMN and TK_AGG_FUNCTION */
  union {
    Table *pTab;           /* TK_COLUMN: Table containing column. Can be NULL
                           ** for a column of an index on an expression */
    Window *pWin;          /* EP_WinFunc: Window/Filter defn for a function */
    struct {               /* TK_IN, TK_SELECT, and TK_EXISTS */
      int iAddr;             /* Subroutine entry address */
................................................................................
#define EP_HasFunc    0x000004 /* Contains one or more functions of any kind */
#define EP_FixedCol   0x000008 /* TK_Column with a known fixed value */
#define EP_Agg        0x000010 /* Contains one or more aggregate functions */
#define EP_VarSelect  0x000020 /* pSelect is correlated, not constant */
#define EP_DblQuoted  0x000040 /* token.z was originally in "..." */
#define EP_InfixFunc  0x000080 /* True for an infix function: LIKE, GLOB, etc */
#define EP_Collate    0x000100 /* Tree contains a TK_COLLATE operator */
#define EP_Commuted   0x000200 /* Comparison operator has been commuted */
#define EP_IntValue   0x000400 /* Integer value contained in u.iValue */
#define EP_xIsSelect  0x000800 /* x.pSelect is valid (otherwise x.pList is) */
#define EP_Skip       0x001000 /* Operator does not contribute to affinity */
#define EP_Reduced    0x002000 /* Expr struct EXPR_REDUCEDSIZE bytes only */
#define EP_TokenOnly  0x004000 /* Expr struct EXPR_TOKENONLYSIZE bytes only */
#define EP_Win        0x008000 /* Contains window functions */
#define EP_MemToken   0x010000 /* Need to sqlite3DbFree() Expr.zToken */
................................................................................
*/
#define EXPRDUP_REDUCE         0x0001  /* Used reduced-size Expr nodes */

/*
** True if the expression passed as an argument was a function with
** an OVER() clause (a window function).
*/
#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
# define IsWindowFunc(p) 0
#else
# define IsWindowFunc(p) ( \
    ExprHasProperty((p), EP_WinFunc) && p->y.pWin->eFrmType!=TK_FILTER \
 )
#endif

/*
** A list of expressions.  Each expression may optionally have a
** name.  An expr/name combination can be used in several ways, such
** as the list of "expr AS ID" fields following a "SELECT" or in the
** list of "ID = expr" items in an UPDATE.  A list of expressions can
** also be used as the argument to a function, in which case the a.zName
................................................................................
*/
struct ExprList {
  int nExpr;             /* Number of expressions on the list */
  struct ExprList_item { /* For each expression in the list */
    Expr *pExpr;            /* The parse tree for this expression */
    char *zName;            /* Token associated with this expression */
    char *zSpan;            /* Original text of the expression */
    u8 sortFlags;           /* Mask of KEYINFO_ORDER_* flags */
    unsigned done :1;       /* A flag to indicate when processing is finished */
    unsigned bSpanIsTab :1; /* zSpan holds DB.TABLE.COLUMN */
    unsigned reusable :1;   /* Constant expression is reusable */
    unsigned bSorterRef :1; /* Defer evaluation until after sorting */
    unsigned bNulls: 1;     /* True if explicit "NULLS FIRST/LAST" */
    union {
      struct {
        u16 iOrderByCol;      /* For ORDER BY, column number in result set */
        u16 iAlias;           /* Index into Parse.aAlias[] for zName */
      } x;
      int iConstExprReg;      /* Register in which Expr value is cached */
    } u;
................................................................................
**
** Value constraints (all checked via assert()):
**    NC_HasAgg    == SF_HasAgg    == EP_Agg
**    NC_MinMaxAgg == SF_MinMaxAgg == SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX
**    NC_HasWin    == EP_Win
**
*/
#define NC_AllowAgg  0x00001  /* Aggregate functions are allowed here */
#define NC_PartIdx   0x00002  /* True if resolving a partial index WHERE */
#define NC_IsCheck   0x00004  /* True if resolving a CHECK constraint */
#define NC_GenCol    0x00008  /* True for a GENERATED ALWAYS AS clause */
#define NC_HasAgg    0x00010  /* One or more aggregate functions seen */
#define NC_IdxExpr   0x00020  /* True if resolving columns of CREATE INDEX */
#define NC_SelfRef   0x0002e  /* Combo: PartIdx, isCheck, GenCol, and IdxExpr */
#define NC_VarSelect 0x00040  /* A correlated subquery has been seen */
#define NC_UEList    0x00080  /* True if uNC.pEList is used */
#define NC_UAggInfo  0x00100  /* True if uNC.pAggInfo is used */
#define NC_UUpsert   0x00200  /* True if uNC.pUpsert is used */
#define NC_MinMaxAgg 0x01000  /* min/max aggregates seen.  See note above */
#define NC_Complex   0x02000  /* True if a function or subquery seen */
#define NC_AllowWin  0x04000  /* Window functions are allowed here */
#define NC_HasWin    0x08000  /* One or more window functions seen */
#define NC_IsDDL     0x10000  /* Resolving names in a CREATE statement */
#define NC_InAggFunc 0x20000  /* True if analyzing arguments to an agg func */

/*
** An instance of the following object describes a single ON CONFLICT
** clause in an upsert.
**
** The pUpsertTarget field is only set if the ON CONFLICT clause includes
** conflict-target clause.  (In "ON CONFLICT(a,b)" the "(a,b)" is the
................................................................................
** "Select Flag".
**
** Value constraints (all checked via assert())
**     SF_HasAgg     == NC_HasAgg
**     SF_MinMaxAgg  == NC_MinMaxAgg     == SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX
**     SF_FixedLimit == WHERE_USE_LIMIT
*/
#define SF_Distinct      0x0000001 /* Output should be DISTINCT */
#define SF_All           0x0000002 /* Includes the ALL keyword */
#define SF_Resolved      0x0000004 /* Identifiers have been resolved */
#define SF_Aggregate     0x0000008 /* Contains agg functions or a GROUP BY */
#define SF_HasAgg        0x0000010 /* Contains aggregate functions */
#define SF_UsesEphemeral 0x0000020 /* Uses the OpenEphemeral opcode */
#define SF_Expanded      0x0000040 /* sqlite3SelectExpand() called on this */
#define SF_HasTypeInfo   0x0000080 /* FROM subqueries have Table metadata */
#define SF_Compound      0x0000100 /* Part of a compound query */
#define SF_Values        0x0000200 /* Synthesized from VALUES clause */
#define SF_MultiValue    0x0000400 /* Single VALUES term with multiple rows */
#define SF_NestedFrom    0x0000800 /* Part of a parenthesized FROM clause */
#define SF_MinMaxAgg     0x0001000 /* Aggregate containing min() or max() */
#define SF_Recursive     0x0002000 /* The recursive part of a recursive CTE */
#define SF_FixedLimit    0x0004000 /* nSelectRow set by a constant LIMIT */
#define SF_MaybeConvert  0x0008000 /* Need convertCompoundSelectToSubquery() */
#define SF_Converted     0x0010000 /* By convertCompoundSelectToSubquery() */
#define SF_IncludeHidden 0x0020000 /* Include hidden columns in output */
#define SF_ComplexResult 0x0040000 /* Result contains subquery or function */
#define SF_WhereBegin    0x0080000 /* Really a WhereBegin() call.  Debug Only */
#define SF_WinRewrite    0x0100000 /* Window function rewrite accomplished */

/*
** The results of a SELECT can be distributed in several ways, as defined
** by one of the following macros.  The "SRT" prefix means "SELECT Result
** Type".
**
**     SRT_Union       Store results as a key in a temporary index
................................................................................
*/
struct Walker {
  Parse *pParse;                            /* Parser context.  */
  int (*xExprCallback)(Walker*, Expr*);     /* Callback for expressions */
  int (*xSelectCallback)(Walker*,Select*);  /* Callback for SELECTs */
  void (*xSelectCallback2)(Walker*,Select*);/* Second callback for SELECTs */
  int walkerDepth;                          /* Number of subqueries */
  u16 eCode;                                /* A small processing code */
  union {                                   /* Extra data for callback */
    NameContext *pNC;                         /* Naming context */
    int n;                                    /* A counter */
    int iCur;                                 /* A cursor number */
    SrcList *pSrcList;                        /* FROM clause */
    struct SrcCount *pSrcCount;               /* Counting column references */
    struct CCurHint *pCCurHint;               /* Used by codeCursorHint() */
................................................................................
    struct IdxCover *pIdxCover;               /* Check for index coverage */
    struct IdxExprTrans *pIdxTrans;           /* Convert idxed expr to column */
    ExprList *pGroupBy;                       /* GROUP BY clause */
    Select *pSelect;                          /* HAVING to WHERE clause ctx */
    struct WindowRewrite *pRewrite;           /* Window rewrite context */
    struct WhereConst *pConst;                /* WHERE clause constants */
    struct RenameCtx *pRename;                /* RENAME COLUMN context */
    struct Table *pTab;                       /* Table of generated column */
  } u;
};

/* Forward declarations */
int sqlite3WalkExpr(Walker*, Expr*);
int sqlite3WalkExprList(Walker*, ExprList*);
int sqlite3WalkSelect(Walker*, Select*);
................................................................................
  Expr *pStart;           /* Expression for "<expr> PRECEDING" */
  Expr *pEnd;             /* Expression for "<expr> FOLLOWING" */
  Window **ppThis;        /* Pointer to this object in Select.pWin list */
  Window *pNextWin;       /* Next window function belonging to this SELECT */
  Expr *pFilter;          /* The FILTER expression */
  FuncDef *pFunc;         /* The function */
  int iEphCsr;            /* Partition buffer or Peer buffer */
  int regAccum;           /* Accumulator */
  int regResult;          /* Interim result */
  int csrApp;             /* Function cursor (used by min/max) */
  int regApp;             /* Function register (also used by min/max) */
  int regPart;            /* Array of registers for PARTITION BY values */
  Expr *pOwner;           /* Expression object this window is attached to */
  int nBufferCol;         /* Number of columns in buffer table */
  int iArgCol;            /* Offset of first argument for this function */
  int regOne;             /* Register containing constant value 1 */
  int regStartRowid;
  int regEndRowid;
  u8 bExprArgs;           /* Defer evaluation of window function arguments
                          ** due to the SQLITE_SUBTYPE flag */
};

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
void sqlite3WindowDelete(sqlite3*, Window*);
void sqlite3WindowUnlinkFromSelect(Window*);
void sqlite3WindowListDelete(sqlite3 *db, Window *p);
Window *sqlite3WindowAlloc(Parse*, int, int, Expr*, int , Expr*, u8);
................................................................................
Expr *sqlite3ExprSimplifiedAndOr(Expr*);
Expr *sqlite3ExprFunction(Parse*,ExprList*, Token*, int);
void sqlite3ExprAssignVarNumber(Parse*, Expr*, u32);
void sqlite3ExprDelete(sqlite3*, Expr*);
void sqlite3ExprUnmapAndDelete(Parse*, Expr*);
ExprList *sqlite3ExprListAppend(Parse*,ExprList*,Expr*);
ExprList *sqlite3ExprListAppendVector(Parse*,ExprList*,IdList*,Expr*);
void sqlite3ExprListSetSortOrder(ExprList*,int,int);
void sqlite3ExprListSetName(Parse*,ExprList*,Token*,int);
void sqlite3ExprListSetSpan(Parse*,ExprList*,const char*,const char*);
void sqlite3ExprListDelete(sqlite3*, ExprList*);
u32 sqlite3ExprListFlags(const ExprList*);
int sqlite3IndexHasDuplicateRootPage(Index*);
int sqlite3Init(sqlite3*, char**);
int sqlite3InitCallback(void*, int, char**, char**);
................................................................................
void sqlite3CommitInternalChanges(sqlite3*);
void sqlite3DeleteColumnNames(sqlite3*,Table*);
int sqlite3ColumnsFromExprList(Parse*,ExprList*,i16*,Column**);
void sqlite3SelectAddColumnTypeAndCollation(Parse*,Table*,Select*,char);
Table *sqlite3ResultSetOfSelect(Parse*,Select*,char);
void sqlite3OpenMasterTable(Parse *, int);
Index *sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(Table*);
i16 sqlite3TableColumnToIndex(Index*, i16);
#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
# define sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(T,X) (X)  /* No-op pass-through */
# define sqlite3StorageColumnToTable(T,X) (X)  /* No-op pass-through */
#else
  i16 sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(Table*, i16);
  i16 sqlite3StorageColumnToTable(Table*, i16);
#endif
void sqlite3StartTable(Parse*,Token*,Token*,int,int,int,int);
#if SQLITE_ENABLE_HIDDEN_COLUMNS
  void sqlite3ColumnPropertiesFromName(Table*, Column*);
#else
# define sqlite3ColumnPropertiesFromName(T,C) /* no-op */
#endif
void sqlite3AddColumn(Parse*,Token*,Token*);
void sqlite3AddNotNull(Parse*, int);
void sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(Parse*, ExprList*, int, int, int);
void sqlite3AddCheckConstraint(Parse*, Expr*);
void sqlite3AddDefaultValue(Parse*,Expr*,const char*,const char*);
void sqlite3AddCollateType(Parse*, Token*);
void sqlite3AddGenerated(Parse*,Expr*,Token*);
void sqlite3EndTable(Parse*,Token*,Token*,u8,Select*);
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  int sqlite3UriCount(const char*);
#endif
int sqlite3ParseUri(const char*,const char*,unsigned int*,
                    sqlite3_vfs**,char**,char **);
#ifdef SQLITE_HAS_CODEC
  int sqlite3CodecQueryParameters(sqlite3*,const char*,const char*);
#else
# define sqlite3CodecQueryParameters(A,B,C) 0
#endif
................................................................................
  void sqlite3AutoincrementBegin(Parse *pParse);
  void sqlite3AutoincrementEnd(Parse *pParse);
#else
# define sqlite3AutoincrementBegin(X)
# define sqlite3AutoincrementEnd(X)
#endif
void sqlite3Insert(Parse*, SrcList*, Select*, IdList*, int, Upsert*);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
  void sqlite3ComputeGeneratedColumns(Parse*, int, Table*);
#endif
void *sqlite3ArrayAllocate(sqlite3*,void*,int,int*,int*);
IdList *sqlite3IdListAppend(Parse*, IdList*, Token*);
int sqlite3IdListIndex(IdList*,const char*);
SrcList *sqlite3SrcListEnlarge(Parse*, SrcList*, int, int);
SrcList *sqlite3SrcListAppend(Parse*, SrcList*, Token*, Token*);
SrcList *sqlite3SrcListAppendFromTerm(Parse*, SrcList*, Token*, Token*,
                                      Token*, Select*, Expr*, IdList*);
................................................................................
#define ONEPASS_SINGLE   1        /* ONEPASS valid for a single row update */
#define ONEPASS_MULTI    2        /* ONEPASS is valid for multiple rows */
void sqlite3ExprCodeLoadIndexColumn(Parse*, Index*, int, int, int);
int sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumn(Parse*, Table*, int, int, int, u8);
void sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(Vdbe*, Table*, int, int, int);
void sqlite3ExprCodeMove(Parse*, int, int, int);
void sqlite3ExprCode(Parse*, Expr*, int);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
void sqlite3ExprCodeGeneratedColumn(Parse*, Column*, int);
#endif
void sqlite3ExprCodeCopy(Parse*, Expr*, int);
void sqlite3ExprCodeFactorable(Parse*, Expr*, int);
int sqlite3ExprCodeAtInit(Parse*, Expr*, int);
int sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(Parse*, Expr*, int*);
int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse*, Expr*, int);

int sqlite3ExprCodeExprList(Parse*, ExprList*, int, int, u8);
#define SQLITE_ECEL_DUP      0x01  /* Deep, not shallow copies */
#define SQLITE_ECEL_FACTOR   0x02  /* Factor out constant terms */
#define SQLITE_ECEL_REF      0x04  /* Use ExprList.u.x.iOrderByCol */
#define SQLITE_ECEL_OMITREF  0x08  /* Omit if ExprList.u.x.iOrderByCol */
void sqlite3ExprIfTrue(Parse*, Expr*, int, int);
void sqlite3ExprIfFalse(Parse*, Expr*, int, int);
................................................................................
CollSeq *sqlite3LocateCollSeq(Parse *pParse, const char*zName);
CollSeq *sqlite3ExprCollSeq(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr);
CollSeq *sqlite3ExprNNCollSeq(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr);
int sqlite3ExprCollSeqMatch(Parse*,Expr*,Expr*);
Expr *sqlite3ExprAddCollateToken(Parse *pParse, Expr*, const Token*, int);
Expr *sqlite3ExprAddCollateString(Parse*,Expr*,const char*);
Expr *sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(Expr*);
Expr *sqlite3ExprSkipCollateAndLikely(Expr*);
int sqlite3CheckCollSeq(Parse *, CollSeq *);
int sqlite3WritableSchema(sqlite3*);
int sqlite3CheckObjectName(Parse*, const char*,const char*,const char*);
void sqlite3VdbeSetChanges(sqlite3 *, int);
int sqlite3AddInt64(i64*,i64);
int sqlite3SubInt64(i64*,i64);
int sqlite3MulInt64(i64*,i64);
................................................................................
int sqlite3ValueFromExpr(sqlite3 *, Expr *, u8, u8, sqlite3_value **);
void sqlite3ValueApplyAffinity(sqlite3_value *, u8, u8);
#ifndef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
extern const unsigned char sqlite3OpcodeProperty[];
extern const char sqlite3StrBINARY[];
extern const unsigned char sqlite3UpperToLower[];
extern const unsigned char sqlite3CtypeMap[];

extern SQLITE_WSD struct Sqlite3Config sqlite3Config;
extern FuncDefHash sqlite3BuiltinFunctions;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WSD
extern int sqlite3PendingByte;
#endif
#endif
#ifdef VDBE_PROFILE
................................................................................
Schema *sqlite3SchemaGet(sqlite3 *, Btree *);
int sqlite3SchemaToIndex(sqlite3 *db, Schema *);
KeyInfo *sqlite3KeyInfoAlloc(sqlite3*,int,int);
void sqlite3KeyInfoUnref(KeyInfo*);
KeyInfo *sqlite3KeyInfoRef(KeyInfo*);
KeyInfo *sqlite3KeyInfoOfIndex(Parse*, Index*);
KeyInfo *sqlite3KeyInfoFromExprList(Parse*, ExprList*, int, int);
int sqlite3HasExplicitNulls(Parse*, ExprList*);

#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
int sqlite3KeyInfoIsWriteable(KeyInfo*);
#endif
int sqlite3CreateFunc(sqlite3 *, const char *, int, int, void *,
  void (*)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **),
  void (*)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **), 
................................................................................
int sqlite3TransferBindings(sqlite3_stmt *, sqlite3_stmt *);
void sqlite3ParserReset(Parse*);
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
char *sqlite3Normalize(Vdbe*, const char*);
#endif
int sqlite3Reprepare(Vdbe*);
void sqlite3ExprListCheckLength(Parse*, ExprList*, const char*);
CollSeq *sqlite3ExprCompareCollSeq(Parse*,Expr*);
CollSeq *sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq(Parse *, Expr *, Expr *);
int sqlite3TempInMemory(const sqlite3*);
const char *sqlite3JournalModename(int);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL
  int sqlite3Checkpoint(sqlite3*, int, int, int*, int*);
  int sqlite3WalDefaultHook(void*,sqlite3*,const char*,int);
#endif

  if( argc!=2 ){
    Tcl_AppendResult(interp, "wrong # args: should be \"", argv[0],
       " DB\"", 0);
    return TCL_ERROR;
  }
  if( getDbPointer(interp, argv[1], &db) ) return TCL_ERROR;

  sqlite3_drop_modules(db, argc>2 ? (const char**)(argv+2) : 0);

  return TCL_OK;
}

/*
** Routines to implement the x_count() aggregate function.
**
** x_count() counts the number of non-null arguments.  But there are
................................................................................
    { "distinct-opt",        SQLITE_DistinctOpt    },
    { "cover-idx-scan",      SQLITE_CoverIdxScan   },
    { "order-by-idx-join",   SQLITE_OrderByIdxJoin },
    { "transitive",          SQLITE_Transitive     },
    { "omit-noop-join",      SQLITE_OmitNoopJoin   },
    { "stat4",               SQLITE_Stat4          },
    { "skip-scan",           SQLITE_SkipScan       },

  };

  if( objc!=4 ){
    Tcl_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, objv, "DB OPT BOOLEAN");
    return TCL_ERROR;
  }
  if( getDbPointer(interp, Tcl_GetString(objv[1]), &db) ) return TCL_ERROR;
................................................................................
    { "TRIGGER_EQP",        SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP },
    { "RESET_DB",           SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE },
    { "DEFENSIVE",          SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE },
    { "WRITABLE_SCHEMA",    SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA },
    { "LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE", SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE },
    { "DQS_DML",            SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML },
    { "DQS_DDL",            SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL },

  };
  int i;
  int v;
  const char *zSetting;
  sqlite3 *db;

  if( objc!=4 ){
    Tcl_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, objv, "DB SETTING VALUE");
    return TCL_ERROR;
  }
  if( getDbPointer(interp, Tcl_GetString(objv[1]), &db) ) return TCL_ERROR;
  zSetting = Tcl_GetString(objv[2]);
  if( sqlite3_strglob("SQLITE_*", zSetting)==0 ) zSetting += 7;
  if( sqlite3_strglob("DBCONFIG_*", zSetting)==0 ) zSetting += 9;
  if( sqlite3_strglob("ENABLE_*", zSetting)==0 ) zSetting += 7;
................................................................................
    if( strcmp(zSetting, aSetting[i].zName)==0 ) break;
  }
  if( i>=ArraySize(aSetting) ){
    Tcl_SetObjResult(interp,
      Tcl_NewStringObj("unknown sqlite3_db_config setting", -1));
    return TCL_ERROR;
  }

  if( Tcl_GetIntFromObj(interp, objv[3], &v) ) return TCL_ERROR;



  sqlite3_db_config(db, aSetting[i].eVal, v, &v);
  Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, Tcl_NewIntObj(v));
  return TCL_OK;
}

/*
** Change the name of the main database schema from "main" to "icecube".

  if( argc!=2 ){
    Tcl_AppendResult(interp, "wrong # args: should be \"", argv[0],
       " DB\"", 0);
    return TCL_ERROR;
  }
  if( getDbPointer(interp, argv[1], &db) ) return TCL_ERROR;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
  sqlite3_drop_modules(db, argc>2 ? (const char**)(argv+2) : 0);
#endif
  return TCL_OK;
}

/*
** Routines to implement the x_count() aggregate function.
**
** x_count() counts the number of non-null arguments.  But there are
................................................................................
    { "distinct-opt",        SQLITE_DistinctOpt    },
    { "cover-idx-scan",      SQLITE_CoverIdxScan   },
    { "order-by-idx-join",   SQLITE_OrderByIdxJoin },
    { "transitive",          SQLITE_Transitive     },
    { "omit-noop-join",      SQLITE_OmitNoopJoin   },
    { "stat4",               SQLITE_Stat4          },
    { "skip-scan",           SQLITE_SkipScan       },
    { "push-down",           SQLITE_PushDown       },
  };

  if( objc!=4 ){
    Tcl_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, objv, "DB OPT BOOLEAN");
    return TCL_ERROR;
  }
  if( getDbPointer(interp, Tcl_GetString(objv[1]), &db) ) return TCL_ERROR;
................................................................................
    { "TRIGGER_EQP",        SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP },
    { "RESET_DB",           SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE },
    { "DEFENSIVE",          SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE },
    { "WRITABLE_SCHEMA",    SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA },
    { "LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE", SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE },
    { "DQS_DML",            SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML },
    { "DQS_DDL",            SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL },
    { "LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT", SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT },
  };
  int i;
  int v = 0;
  const char *zSetting;
  sqlite3 *db;

  if( objc!=4 && objc!=3 ){
    Tcl_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, objv, "DB SETTING [VALUE]");
    return TCL_ERROR;
  }
  if( getDbPointer(interp, Tcl_GetString(objv[1]), &db) ) return TCL_ERROR;
  zSetting = Tcl_GetString(objv[2]);
  if( sqlite3_strglob("SQLITE_*", zSetting)==0 ) zSetting += 7;
  if( sqlite3_strglob("DBCONFIG_*", zSetting)==0 ) zSetting += 9;
  if( sqlite3_strglob("ENABLE_*", zSetting)==0 ) zSetting += 7;
................................................................................
    if( strcmp(zSetting, aSetting[i].zName)==0 ) break;
  }
  if( i>=ArraySize(aSetting) ){
    Tcl_SetObjResult(interp,
      Tcl_NewStringObj("unknown sqlite3_db_config setting", -1));
    return TCL_ERROR;
  }
  if( objc==4 ){
    if( Tcl_GetIntFromObj(interp, objv[3], &v) ) return TCL_ERROR;
  }else{
    v = -1;
  }
  sqlite3_db_config(db, aSetting[i].eVal, v, &v);
  Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, Tcl_NewIntObj(v));
  return TCL_OK;
}

/*
** Change the name of the main database schema from "main" to "icecube".

    y <<= 7;
  }
  x += y * (*q++);
  *v = (sqlite_int64) x;
  return (int) (q - (unsigned char *)p);
}













/*
** USAGE:  read_fts3varint BLOB VARNAME
**
** Read a varint from the start of BLOB. Set variable VARNAME to contain
** the interpreted value. Return the number of bytes of BLOB consumed.
*/
................................................................................

  nVal = getFts3Varint((char*)zBlob, (sqlite3_int64 *)(&iVal));
  Tcl_ObjSetVar2(interp, objv[2], 0, Tcl_NewWideIntObj(iVal), 0);
  Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, Tcl_NewIntObj(nVal));
  return TCL_OK;
}































































/*
** Register commands with the TCL interpreter.
*/
int Sqlitetest_hexio_Init(Tcl_Interp *interp){
  static struct {
     char *zName;
................................................................................
     { "hexio_read",                   hexio_read            },
     { "hexio_write",                  hexio_write           },
     { "hexio_get_int",                hexio_get_int         },
     { "hexio_render_int16",           hexio_render_int16    },
     { "hexio_render_int32",           hexio_render_int32    },
     { "utf8_to_utf8",                 utf8_to_utf8          },
     { "read_fts3varint",              read_fts3varint       },

  };
  int i;
  for(i=0; i<sizeof(aObjCmd)/sizeof(aObjCmd[0]); i++){
    Tcl_CreateObjCommand(interp, aObjCmd[i].zName, aObjCmd[i].xProc, 0, 0);
  }
  return TCL_OK;
}

    y <<= 7;
  }
  x += y * (*q++);
  *v = (sqlite_int64) x;
  return (int) (q - (unsigned char *)p);
}

static int putFts3Varint(char *p, sqlite_int64 v){
  unsigned char *q = (unsigned char *) p;
  sqlite_uint64 vu = v;
  do{
    *q++ = (unsigned char) ((vu & 0x7f) | 0x80);
    vu >>= 7;
  }while( vu!=0 );
  q[-1] &= 0x7f;  /* turn off high bit in final byte */
  assert( q - (unsigned char *)p <= 10 );
  return (int) (q - (unsigned char *)p);
}

/*
** USAGE:  read_fts3varint BLOB VARNAME
**
** Read a varint from the start of BLOB. Set variable VARNAME to contain
** the interpreted value. Return the number of bytes of BLOB consumed.
*/
................................................................................

  nVal = getFts3Varint((char*)zBlob, (sqlite3_int64 *)(&iVal));
  Tcl_ObjSetVar2(interp, objv[2], 0, Tcl_NewWideIntObj(iVal), 0);
  Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, Tcl_NewIntObj(nVal));
  return TCL_OK;
}

/*
** USAGE:  make_fts3record ARGLIST
*/
static int SQLITE_TCLAPI make_fts3record(
  void * clientData,
  Tcl_Interp *interp,
  int objc,
  Tcl_Obj *CONST objv[]
){
  Tcl_Obj **aArg = 0;
  int nArg = 0;
  unsigned char *aOut = 0;
  int nOut = 0;
  int nAlloc = 0;
  int i;

  if( objc!=2 ){
    Tcl_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, objv, "LIST");
    return TCL_ERROR;
  }
  if( Tcl_ListObjGetElements(interp, objv[1], &nArg, &aArg) ){
    return TCL_ERROR;
  }

  for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
    sqlite3_int64 iVal;
    if( TCL_OK==Tcl_GetWideIntFromObj(0, aArg[i], &iVal) ){
      if( nOut+10>nAlloc ){
        int nNew = nAlloc?nAlloc*2:128;
        unsigned char *aNew = sqlite3_realloc(aOut, nNew);
        if( aNew==0 ){
          sqlite3_free(aOut);
          return TCL_ERROR;
        }
        aOut = aNew;
        nAlloc = nNew;
      }
      nOut += putFts3Varint((char*)&aOut[nOut], iVal);
    }else{
      int nVal = 0;
      char *zVal = Tcl_GetStringFromObj(aArg[i], &nVal);
      while( (nOut + nVal)>nAlloc ){
        int nNew = nAlloc?nAlloc*2:128;
        unsigned char *aNew = sqlite3_realloc(aOut, nNew);
        if( aNew==0 ){
          sqlite3_free(aOut);
          return TCL_ERROR;
        }
        aOut = aNew;
        nAlloc = nNew;
      }
      memcpy(&aOut[nOut], zVal, nVal);
      nOut += nVal;
    }
  }

  Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, Tcl_NewByteArrayObj(aOut, nOut));
  sqlite3_free(aOut);
  return TCL_OK;
}


/*
** Register commands with the TCL interpreter.
*/
int Sqlitetest_hexio_Init(Tcl_Interp *interp){
  static struct {
     char *zName;
................................................................................
     { "hexio_read",                   hexio_read            },
     { "hexio_write",                  hexio_write           },
     { "hexio_get_int",                hexio_get_int         },
     { "hexio_render_int16",           hexio_render_int16    },
     { "hexio_render_int32",           hexio_render_int32    },
     { "utf8_to_utf8",                 utf8_to_utf8          },
     { "read_fts3varint",              read_fts3varint       },
     { "make_fts3record",              make_fts3record       },
  };
  int i;
  for(i=0; i<sizeof(aObjCmd)/sizeof(aObjCmd[0]); i++){
    Tcl_CreateObjCommand(interp, aObjCmd[i].zName, aObjCmd[i].xProc, 0, 0);
  }
  return TCL_OK;
}

  int i;             /* Next unread byte of zSql[] */
  int n;             /* length of current token */
  int tokenType;     /* type of current token */
  int prevType = 0;  /* Previous non-whitespace token */
  int nParen;        /* Number of nested levels of parentheses */
  int iStartIN;      /* Start of RHS of IN operator in z[] */
  int nParenAtIN;    /* Value of nParent at start of RHS of IN operator */
  int j;             /* Bytes of normalized SQL generated so far */
  sqlite3_str *pStr; /* The normalized SQL string under construction */

  db = sqlite3VdbeDb(pVdbe);
  tokenType = -1;
  nParen = iStartIN = nParenAtIN = 0;
  pStr = sqlite3_str_new(db);
  assert( pStr!=0 );  /* sqlite3_str_new() never returns NULL */
................................................................................
          nParenAtIN = nParen;
        }
        sqlite3_str_append(pStr, "(", 1);
        break;
      }
      case TK_RP: {
        if( iStartIN>0 && nParen==nParenAtIN ){
          assert( pStr->nChar>=iStartIN );
          pStr->nChar = iStartIN+1;
          sqlite3_str_append(pStr, "?,?,?", 5);
          iStartIN = 0;
        }
        nParen--;
        sqlite3_str_append(pStr, ")", 1);
        break;

  int i;             /* Next unread byte of zSql[] */
  int n;             /* length of current token */
  int tokenType;     /* type of current token */
  int prevType = 0;  /* Previous non-whitespace token */
  int nParen;        /* Number of nested levels of parentheses */
  int iStartIN;      /* Start of RHS of IN operator in z[] */
  int nParenAtIN;    /* Value of nParent at start of RHS of IN operator */
  u32 j;             /* Bytes of normalized SQL generated so far */
  sqlite3_str *pStr; /* The normalized SQL string under construction */

  db = sqlite3VdbeDb(pVdbe);
  tokenType = -1;
  nParen = iStartIN = nParenAtIN = 0;
  pStr = sqlite3_str_new(db);
  assert( pStr!=0 );  /* sqlite3_str_new() never returns NULL */
................................................................................
          nParenAtIN = nParen;
        }
        sqlite3_str_append(pStr, "(", 1);
        break;
      }
      case TK_RP: {
        if( iStartIN>0 && nParen==nParenAtIN ){
          assert( pStr->nChar>=(u32)iStartIN );
          pStr->nChar = iStartIN+1;
          sqlite3_str_append(pStr, "?,?,?", 5);
          iStartIN = 0;
        }
        nParen--;
        sqlite3_str_append(pStr, ")", 1);
        break;

void sqlite3TreeViewSrcList(TreeView *pView, const SrcList *pSrc){
  int i;
  for(i=0; i<pSrc->nSrc; i++){
    const struct SrcList_item *pItem = &pSrc->a[i];
    StrAccum x;
    char zLine[100];
    sqlite3StrAccumInit(&x, 0, zLine, sizeof(zLine), 0);
    sqlite3_str_appendf(&x, "{%d,*}", pItem->iCursor);
    if( pItem->zDatabase ){
      sqlite3_str_appendf(&x, " %s.%s", pItem->zDatabase, pItem->zName);
    }else if( pItem->zName ){
      sqlite3_str_appendf(&x, " %s", pItem->zName);
    }
    if( pItem->pTab ){
      sqlite3_str_appendf(&x, " tab=%Q nCol=%d ptr=%p",
................................................................................
      sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "AGG{%d:%d}%s",
            pExpr->iTable, pExpr->iColumn, zFlgs);
      break;
    }
    case TK_COLUMN: {
      if( pExpr->iTable<0 ){
        /* This only happens when coding check constraints */






        sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "COLUMN(%d)%s", pExpr->iColumn, zFlgs);

      }else{
        sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "{%d:%d}%s",
                             pExpr->iTable, pExpr->iColumn, zFlgs);
      }
      if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_FixedCol) ){
        sqlite3TreeViewExpr(pView, pExpr->pLeft, 0);
      }
................................................................................
    case TK_SPAN: {
      sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "SPAN %Q", pExpr->u.zToken);
      sqlite3TreeViewExpr(pView, pExpr->pLeft, 0);
      break;
    }

    case TK_COLLATE: {





      sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "COLLATE %Q", pExpr->u.zToken);


      sqlite3TreeViewExpr(pView, pExpr->pLeft, 0);
      break;
    }

    case TK_AGG_FUNCTION:
    case TK_FUNCTION: {
      ExprList *pFarg;       /* List of function arguments */
................................................................................
#else
        pWin = 0;
#endif 
      }
      if( pExpr->op==TK_AGG_FUNCTION ){
        sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "AGG_FUNCTION%d %Q%s",
                             pExpr->op2, pExpr->u.zToken, zFlgs);











      }else{
        sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "FUNCTION %Q%s", pExpr->u.zToken, zFlgs);
      }
      if( pFarg ){
        sqlite3TreeViewExprList(pView, pFarg, pWin!=0, 0);
      }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
................................................................................
    case TK_MATCH: {
      sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "MATCH {%d:%d}%s",
                          pExpr->iTable, pExpr->iColumn, zFlgs);
      sqlite3TreeViewExpr(pView, pExpr->pRight, 0);
      break;
    }
    case TK_VECTOR: {

      sqlite3TreeViewBareExprList(pView, pExpr->x.pList, "VECTOR");

      break;
    }
    case TK_SELECT_COLUMN: {
      sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "SELECT-COLUMN %d", pExpr->iColumn);
      sqlite3TreeViewSelect(pView, pExpr->pLeft->x.pSelect, 0);
      break;
    }

void sqlite3TreeViewSrcList(TreeView *pView, const SrcList *pSrc){
  int i;
  for(i=0; i<pSrc->nSrc; i++){
    const struct SrcList_item *pItem = &pSrc->a[i];
    StrAccum x;
    char zLine[100];
    sqlite3StrAccumInit(&x, 0, zLine, sizeof(zLine), 0);
    sqlite3_str_appendf(&x, "{%d:*}", pItem->iCursor);
    if( pItem->zDatabase ){
      sqlite3_str_appendf(&x, " %s.%s", pItem->zDatabase, pItem->zName);
    }else if( pItem->zName ){
      sqlite3_str_appendf(&x, " %s", pItem->zName);
    }
    if( pItem->pTab ){
      sqlite3_str_appendf(&x, " tab=%Q nCol=%d ptr=%p",
................................................................................
      sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "AGG{%d:%d}%s",
            pExpr->iTable, pExpr->iColumn, zFlgs);
      break;
    }
    case TK_COLUMN: {
      if( pExpr->iTable<0 ){
        /* This only happens when coding check constraints */
        char zOp2[16];
        if( pExpr->op2 ){
          sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zOp2),zOp2," op2=0x%02x",pExpr->op2);
        }else{
          zOp2[0] = 0;
        }
        sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "COLUMN(%d)%s%s",
                                    pExpr->iColumn, zFlgs, zOp2);
      }else{
        sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "{%d:%d}%s",
                             pExpr->iTable, pExpr->iColumn, zFlgs);
      }
      if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_FixedCol) ){
        sqlite3TreeViewExpr(pView, pExpr->pLeft, 0);
      }
................................................................................
    case TK_SPAN: {
      sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "SPAN %Q", pExpr->u.zToken);
      sqlite3TreeViewExpr(pView, pExpr->pLeft, 0);
      break;
    }

    case TK_COLLATE: {
      /* COLLATE operators without the EP_Collate flag are intended to
      ** emulate collation associated with a table column.  These show
      ** up in the treeview output as "SOFT-COLLATE".  Explicit COLLATE
      ** operators that appear in the original SQL always have the
      ** EP_Collate bit set and appear in treeview output as just "COLLATE" */
      sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "%sCOLLATE %Q%s",
        !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_Collate) ? "SOFT-" : "",
        pExpr->u.zToken, zFlgs);
      sqlite3TreeViewExpr(pView, pExpr->pLeft, 0);
      break;
    }

    case TK_AGG_FUNCTION:
    case TK_FUNCTION: {
      ExprList *pFarg;       /* List of function arguments */
................................................................................
#else
        pWin = 0;
#endif 
      }
      if( pExpr->op==TK_AGG_FUNCTION ){
        sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "AGG_FUNCTION%d %Q%s",
                             pExpr->op2, pExpr->u.zToken, zFlgs);
      }else if( pExpr->op2!=0 ){
        const char *zOp2;
        char zBuf[8];
        sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf),zBuf,"0x%02x",pExpr->op2);
        zOp2 = zBuf;
        if( pExpr->op2==NC_IsCheck ) zOp2 = "NC_IsCheck";
        if( pExpr->op2==NC_IdxExpr ) zOp2 = "NC_IdxExpr";
        if( pExpr->op2==NC_PartIdx ) zOp2 = "NC_PartIdx";
        if( pExpr->op2==NC_GenCol ) zOp2 = "NC_GenCol";
        sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "FUNCTION %Q%s op2=%s",
                            pExpr->u.zToken, zFlgs, zOp2);
      }else{
        sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "FUNCTION %Q%s", pExpr->u.zToken, zFlgs);
      }
      if( pFarg ){
        sqlite3TreeViewExprList(pView, pFarg, pWin!=0, 0);
      }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
................................................................................
    case TK_MATCH: {
      sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "MATCH {%d:%d}%s",
                          pExpr->iTable, pExpr->iColumn, zFlgs);
      sqlite3TreeViewExpr(pView, pExpr->pRight, 0);
      break;
    }
    case TK_VECTOR: {
      char *z = sqlite3_mprintf("VECTOR%s",zFlgs);
      sqlite3TreeViewBareExprList(pView, pExpr->x.pList, z);
      sqlite3_free(z);
      break;
    }
    case TK_SELECT_COLUMN: {
      sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "SELECT-COLUMN %d", pExpr->iColumn);
      sqlite3TreeViewSelect(pView, pExpr->pLeft->x.pSelect, 0);
      break;
    }

      pSelect = 0;
    }else{
      pTriggerStep->pSelect = sqlite3SelectDup(db, pSelect, EXPRDUP_REDUCE);
    }
    pTriggerStep->pIdList = pColumn;
    pTriggerStep->pUpsert = pUpsert;
    pTriggerStep->orconf = orconf;



  }else{
    testcase( pColumn );
    sqlite3IdListDelete(db, pColumn);
    testcase( pUpsert );
    sqlite3UpsertDelete(db, pUpsert);
  }
  sqlite3SelectDelete(db, pSelect);
................................................................................
  Vdbe *v;
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
  int iDb;

  iDb = sqlite3SchemaToIndex(pParse->db, pTrigger->pSchema);
  assert( iDb>=0 && iDb<db->nDb );
  pTable = tableOfTrigger(pTrigger);
  assert( pTable );
  assert( pTable->pSchema==pTrigger->pSchema || iDb==1 );
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
  {

    int code = SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER;
    const char *zDb = db->aDb[iDb].zDbSName;
    const char *zTab = SCHEMA_TABLE(iDb);
    if( iDb==1 ) code = SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER;
    if( sqlite3AuthCheck(pParse, code, pTrigger->zName, pTable->zName, zDb) ||
      sqlite3AuthCheck(pParse, SQLITE_DELETE, zTab, 0, zDb) ){
      return;
    }
  }
#endif

  /* Generate code to destroy the database record of the trigger.
  */
  assert( pTable!=0 );
  if( (v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse))!=0 ){
    sqlite3NestedParse(pParse,
       "DELETE FROM %Q.%s WHERE name=%Q AND type='trigger'",
       db->aDb[iDb].zDbSName, MASTER_NAME, pTrigger->zName
    );
    sqlite3ChangeCookie(pParse, iDb);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_DropTrigger, iDb, 0, 0, pTrigger->zName, 0);
................................................................................

  assert( sqlite3SchemaMutexHeld(db, iDb, 0) );
  pHash = &(db->aDb[iDb].pSchema->trigHash);
  pTrigger = sqlite3HashInsert(pHash, zName, 0);
  if( ALWAYS(pTrigger) ){
    if( pTrigger->pSchema==pTrigger->pTabSchema ){
      Table *pTab = tableOfTrigger(pTrigger);

      Trigger **pp;
      for(pp=&pTab->pTrigger; *pp!=pTrigger; pp=&((*pp)->pNext));
      *pp = (*pp)->pNext;

    }
    sqlite3DeleteTrigger(db, pTrigger);
    db->mDbFlags |= DBFLAG_SchemaChange;
  }
}

/*

      pSelect = 0;
    }else{
      pTriggerStep->pSelect = sqlite3SelectDup(db, pSelect, EXPRDUP_REDUCE);
    }
    pTriggerStep->pIdList = pColumn;
    pTriggerStep->pUpsert = pUpsert;
    pTriggerStep->orconf = orconf;
    if( pUpsert ){
      sqlite3HasExplicitNulls(pParse, pUpsert->pUpsertTarget);
    }
  }else{
    testcase( pColumn );
    sqlite3IdListDelete(db, pColumn);
    testcase( pUpsert );
    sqlite3UpsertDelete(db, pUpsert);
  }
  sqlite3SelectDelete(db, pSelect);
................................................................................
  Vdbe *v;
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
  int iDb;

  iDb = sqlite3SchemaToIndex(pParse->db, pTrigger->pSchema);
  assert( iDb>=0 && iDb<db->nDb );
  pTable = tableOfTrigger(pTrigger);

  assert( (pTable && pTable->pSchema==pTrigger->pSchema) || iDb==1 );
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION

  if( pTable ){
    int code = SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER;
    const char *zDb = db->aDb[iDb].zDbSName;
    const char *zTab = SCHEMA_TABLE(iDb);
    if( iDb==1 ) code = SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER;
    if( sqlite3AuthCheck(pParse, code, pTrigger->zName, pTable->zName, zDb) ||
      sqlite3AuthCheck(pParse, SQLITE_DELETE, zTab, 0, zDb) ){
      return;
    }
  }
#endif

  /* Generate code to destroy the database record of the trigger.
  */

  if( (v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse))!=0 ){
    sqlite3NestedParse(pParse,
       "DELETE FROM %Q.%s WHERE name=%Q AND type='trigger'",
       db->aDb[iDb].zDbSName, MASTER_NAME, pTrigger->zName
    );
    sqlite3ChangeCookie(pParse, iDb);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_DropTrigger, iDb, 0, 0, pTrigger->zName, 0);
................................................................................

  assert( sqlite3SchemaMutexHeld(db, iDb, 0) );
  pHash = &(db->aDb[iDb].pSchema->trigHash);
  pTrigger = sqlite3HashInsert(pHash, zName, 0);
  if( ALWAYS(pTrigger) ){
    if( pTrigger->pSchema==pTrigger->pTabSchema ){
      Table *pTab = tableOfTrigger(pTrigger);
      if( pTab ){
        Trigger **pp;
        for(pp=&pTab->pTrigger; *pp!=pTrigger; pp=&((*pp)->pNext));
        *pp = (*pp)->pNext;
      }
    }
    sqlite3DeleteTrigger(db, pTrigger);
    db->mDbFlags |= DBFLAG_SchemaChange;
  }
}

/*

  ExprList *pChanges,    /* Things to be changed */
  Expr *pWhere,          /* The WHERE clause.  May be null */
  int onError,           /* How to handle constraint errors */
  ExprList *pOrderBy,    /* ORDER BY clause. May be null */
  Expr *pLimit,          /* LIMIT clause. May be null */
  Upsert *pUpsert        /* ON CONFLICT clause, or null */
){
  int i, j;              /* Loop counters */
  Table *pTab;           /* The table to be updated */
  int addrTop = 0;       /* VDBE instruction address of the start of the loop */
  WhereInfo *pWInfo;     /* Information about the WHERE clause */
  Vdbe *v;               /* The virtual database engine */
  Index *pIdx;           /* For looping over indices */
  Index *pPk;            /* The PRIMARY KEY index for WITHOUT ROWID tables */
  int nIdx;              /* Number of indices that need updating */
................................................................................
  /* Initialize the name-context */
  memset(&sNC, 0, sizeof(sNC));
  sNC.pParse = pParse;
  sNC.pSrcList = pTabList;
  sNC.uNC.pUpsert = pUpsert;
  sNC.ncFlags = NC_UUpsert;





  /* Resolve the column names in all the expressions of the
  ** of the UPDATE statement.  Also find the column index
  ** for each column to be updated in the pChanges array.  For each
  ** column to be updated, make sure we have authorization to change
  ** that column.
  */
  chngRowid = chngPk = 0;
................................................................................
      if( sqlite3StrICmp(pTab->aCol[j].zName, pChanges->a[i].zName)==0 ){
        if( j==pTab->iPKey ){
          chngRowid = 1;
          pRowidExpr = pChanges->a[i].pExpr;
        }else if( pPk && (pTab->aCol[j].colFlags & COLFLAG_PRIMKEY)!=0 ){
          chngPk = 1;
        }










        aXRef[j] = i;
        break;
      }
    }
    if( j>=pTab->nCol ){
      if( pPk==0 && sqlite3IsRowid(pChanges->a[i].zName) ){
        j = -1;
................................................................................
    }
#endif
  }
  assert( (chngRowid & chngPk)==0 );
  assert( chngRowid==0 || chngRowid==1 );
  assert( chngPk==0 || chngPk==1 );
  chngKey = chngRowid + chngPk;




























  /* The SET expressions are not actually used inside the WHERE loop.  
  ** So reset the colUsed mask. Unless this is a virtual table. In that
  ** case, set all bits of the colUsed mask (to ensure that the virtual
  ** table implementation makes all columns available).
  */
  pTabList->a[0].colUsed = IsVirtual(pTab) ? ALLBITS : 0;
................................................................................
  aRegIdx[nAllIdx] = ++pParse->nMem;  /* Register storing the table record */
  if( bReplace ){
    /* If REPLACE conflict resolution might be invoked, open cursors on all 
    ** indexes in case they are needed to delete records.  */
    memset(aToOpen, 1, nIdx+1);
  }

  /* Begin generating code. */
  v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
  if( v==0 ) goto update_cleanup;
  if( pParse->nested==0 ) sqlite3VdbeCountChanges(v);
  sqlite3BeginWriteOperation(pParse, pTrigger || hasFK, iDb);

  /* Allocate required registers. */
  if( !IsVirtual(pTab) ){
    /* For now, regRowSet and aRegIdx[nAllIdx] share the same register.
    ** If regRowSet turns out to be needed, then aRegIdx[nAllIdx] will be
................................................................................
    /* Read the PK of the current row into an array of registers. In
    ** ONEPASS_OFF mode, serialize the array into a record and store it in
    ** the ephemeral table. Or, in ONEPASS_SINGLE or MULTI mode, change
    ** the OP_OpenEphemeral instruction to a Noop (the ephemeral table 
    ** is not required) and leave the PK fields in the array of registers.  */
    for(i=0; i<nPk; i++){
      assert( pPk->aiColumn[i]>=0 );
      sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(v, pTab, iDataCur,pPk->aiColumn[i],iPk+i);

    }
    if( eOnePass ){
      if( addrOpen ) sqlite3VdbeChangeToNoop(v, addrOpen);
      nKey = nPk;
      regKey = iPk;
    }else{
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_MakeRecord, iPk, nPk, regKey,
................................................................................
  ** information is needed */
  if( chngPk || hasFK || pTrigger ){
    u32 oldmask = (hasFK ? sqlite3FkOldmask(pParse, pTab) : 0);
    oldmask |= sqlite3TriggerColmask(pParse, 
        pTrigger, pChanges, 0, TRIGGER_BEFORE|TRIGGER_AFTER, pTab, onError
    );
    for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){


      if( oldmask==0xffffffff
       || (i<32 && (oldmask & MASKBIT32(i))!=0)
       || (pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_PRIMKEY)!=0
      ){
        testcase(  oldmask!=0xffffffff && i==31 );
        sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(v, pTab, iDataCur, i, regOld+i);
      }else{
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, regOld+i);
      }
    }
    if( chngRowid==0 && pPk==0 ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Copy, regOldRowid, regNewRowid);
    }
  }

................................................................................
  ** the database after the BEFORE triggers are fired anyway (as the trigger 
  ** may have modified them). So not loading those that are not going to
  ** be used eliminates some redundant opcodes.
  */
  newmask = sqlite3TriggerColmask(
      pParse, pTrigger, pChanges, 1, TRIGGER_BEFORE, pTab, onError
  );
  for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
    if( i==pTab->iPKey ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, regNew+i);


    }else{
      j = aXRef[i];
      if( j>=0 ){
        sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pChanges->a[j].pExpr, regNew+i);
      }else if( 0==(tmask&TRIGGER_BEFORE) || i>31 || (newmask & MASKBIT32(i)) ){
        /* This branch loads the value of a column that will not be changed 
        ** into a register. This is done if there are no BEFORE triggers, or
        ** if there are one or more BEFORE triggers that use this value via
        ** a new.* reference in a trigger program.
        */
        testcase( i==31 );
        testcase( i==32 );
        sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(v, pTab, iDataCur, i, regNew+i);
      }else{
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, regNew+i);
      }
    }
  }








  /* Fire any BEFORE UPDATE triggers. This happens before constraints are
  ** verified. One could argue that this is wrong.
  */
  if( tmask&TRIGGER_BEFORE ){
    sqlite3TableAffinity(v, pTab, regNew);
    sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(pParse, pTrigger, TK_UPDATE, pChanges, 
................................................................................
    ** some of the columns of the row being updated. Load the values for 
    ** all columns not modified by the update statement into their registers
    ** in case this has happened. Only unmodified columns are reloaded.
    ** The values computed for modified columns use the values before the
    ** BEFORE trigger runs.  See test case trigger1-18.0 (added 2018-04-26)
    ** for an example.
    */
    for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){


      if( aXRef[i]<0 && i!=pTab->iPKey ){
        sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(v, pTab, iDataCur, i, regNew+i);
      }
    }







  }

  if( !isView ){
    int addr1 = 0;        /* Address of jump instruction */

    /* Do constraint checks. */
    assert( regOldRowid>0 );
    sqlite3GenerateConstraintChecks(pParse, pTab, aRegIdx, iDataCur, iIdxCur,
        regNewRowid, regOldRowid, chngKey, onError, labelContinue, &bReplace,
        aXRef, 0);













    /* Do FK constraint checks. */
    if( hasFK ){
      sqlite3FkCheck(pParse, pTab, regOldRowid, 0, aXRef, chngKey);
    }

    /* Delete the index entries associated with the current record.  */
    if( bReplace || chngKey ){
      if( pPk ){
        addr1 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_NotFound, iDataCur, 0, regKey, nKey);
      }else{
        addr1 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_NotExists, iDataCur, 0, regOldRowid);
      }
      VdbeCoverageNeverTaken(v);
    }
    sqlite3GenerateRowIndexDelete(pParse, pTab, iDataCur, iIdxCur, aRegIdx, -1);

    /* If changing the rowid value, or if there are foreign key constraints
    ** to process, delete the old record. Otherwise, add a noop OP_Delete
    ** to invoke the pre-update hook.
    **
    ** That (regNew==regnewRowid+1) is true is also important for the 
................................................................................
      sqlite3VdbeAppendP4(v, pTab, P4_TABLE);
    }
#else
    if( hasFK>1 || chngKey ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Delete, iDataCur, 0);
    }
#endif
    if( bReplace || chngKey ){
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr1);
    }

    if( hasFK ){
      sqlite3FkCheck(pParse, pTab, 0, regNewRowid, aXRef, chngKey);
    }
  
    /* Insert the new index entries and the new record. */
    sqlite3CompleteInsertion(
................................................................................

  /* Start scanning the virtual table */
  pWInfo = sqlite3WhereBegin(pParse, pSrc, pWhere, 0,0,WHERE_ONEPASS_DESIRED,0);
  if( pWInfo==0 ) return;

  /* Populate the argument registers. */
  for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){

    if( aXRef[i]>=0 ){
      sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pChanges->a[aXRef[i]].pExpr, regArg+2+i);
    }else{
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_VColumn, iCsr, i, regArg+2+i);
      sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, OPFLAG_NOCHNG);/* Enable sqlite3_vtab_nochange() */
    }
  }