**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** This file contains C code routines that used to generate VDBE code
** that implements the ALTER TABLE command.
**
** $Id: alter.c,v 1.2 2005/02/15 21:36:18 drh Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"


/*
** The code in this file only exists if we are not omitting the
** ALTER TABLE logic from the build.
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_ALTERTABLE

................................................................................
  int i;

  for(i=0; i<sizeof(aFuncs)/sizeof(aFuncs[0]); i++){
    sqlite3_create_function(db, aFuncs[i].zName, aFuncs[i].nArg,
        SQLITE_UTF8, 0, aFuncs[i].xFunc, 0, 0);
  }
}









































































/*
** Generate code to implement the "ALTER TABLE xxx RENAME TO yyy" 
** command. 
*/
void sqlite3AlterRenameTable(
  Parse *pParse,            /* Parser context. */
................................................................................
  SrcList *pSrc,            /* The table to rename. */
  Token *pName              /* The new table name. */
){
  int iDb;                  /* Database that contains the table */
  char *zDb;                /* Name of database iDb */
  Table *pTab;              /* Table being renamed */
  char *zName = 0;          /* NULL-terminated version of pName */ 
  char *zWhere = 0;         /* Where clause of schema elements to reparse */
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db; /* Database connection */
  Vdbe *v;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
  char *zTempTrig = 0;      /* Where clause to locate temp triggers */
#endif
  
  assert( pSrc->nSrc==1 );

  pTab = sqlite3LocateTable(pParse, pSrc->a[0].zName, pSrc->a[0].zDatabase);
  if( !pTab ) goto exit_rename_table;
  iDb = pTab->iDb;
................................................................................
            "WHEN name LIKE 'sqlite_autoindex%%' AND type='index' THEN "
              "'sqlite_autoindex_' || %Q || substr(name, %d+18,10) "
            "ELSE name END "
      "WHERE tbl_name=%Q AND "
          "(type='table' OR type='index' OR type='trigger');", 
      zDb, SCHEMA_TABLE(iDb), zName, zName, zName, 
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
zName,
#endif
      zName, strlen(pTab->zName), pTab->zName
  );

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINCREMENT
  /* If the sqlite_sequence table exists in this database, then update 
  ** it with the new table name.
................................................................................
#endif

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
  /* If there are TEMP triggers on this table, modify the sqlite_temp_master
  ** table. Don't do this if the table being ALTERed is itself located in
  ** the temp database.
  */
  if( iDb!=1 ){
    Trigger *pTrig;
    char *tmp = 0;
    for( pTrig=pTab->pTrigger; pTrig; pTrig=pTrig->pNext ){
      if( pTrig->iDb==1 ){
        if( !zTempTrig ){
          zTempTrig = 
              sqlite3MPrintf("type = 'trigger' AND (name=%Q", pTrig->name);
        }else{
          tmp = zTempTrig;
          zTempTrig = sqlite3MPrintf("%s OR name=%Q", zTempTrig, pTrig->name);
          sqliteFree(tmp);
        }
      }
    }
    if( zTempTrig ){
      tmp = zTempTrig;
      zTempTrig = sqlite3MPrintf("%s)", zTempTrig);
      sqliteFree(tmp);
      sqlite3NestedParse(pParse, 
          "UPDATE sqlite_temp_master SET "
              "sql = sqlite_rename_trigger(sql, %Q), "
              "tbl_name = %Q "
              "WHERE %s;", zName, zName, zTempTrig);

    }
  }
#endif

  /* Drop the elements of the in-memory schema that refered to the table
  ** renamed and load the new versions from the database.
















  */




  if( pParse->nErr==0 ){
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
    Trigger *pTrig;
    for( pTrig=pTab->pTrigger; pTrig; pTrig=pTrig->pNext ){
      assert( pTrig->iDb==iDb || pTrig->iDb==1 );
      sqlite3VdbeOp3(v, OP_DropTrigger, pTrig->iDb, 0, pTrig->name, 0);
    }
#endif
    sqlite3VdbeOp3(v, OP_DropTable, iDb, 0, pTab->zName, 0);
    zWhere = sqlite3MPrintf("tbl_name=%Q", zName);
    sqlite3VdbeOp3(v, OP_ParseSchema, iDb, 0, zWhere, P3_DYNAMIC);

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER



















































    if( zTempTrig ){
      sqlite3VdbeOp3(v, OP_ParseSchema, 1, 0, zTempTrig, P3_DYNAMIC);



    }
  }else{







    sqliteFree(zTempTrig);
#endif
  }

exit_rename_table:























































































  sqlite3SrcListDelete(pSrc);
  sqliteFree(zName);

}
#endif  /* SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE */

**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** This file contains C code routines that used to generate VDBE code
** that implements the ALTER TABLE command.
**
** $Id: alter.c,v 1.3 2005/03/17 05:03:39 danielk1977 Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"
#include <ctype.h>

/*
** The code in this file only exists if we are not omitting the
** ALTER TABLE logic from the build.
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_ALTERTABLE

................................................................................
  int i;

  for(i=0; i<sizeof(aFuncs)/sizeof(aFuncs[0]); i++){
    sqlite3_create_function(db, aFuncs[i].zName, aFuncs[i].nArg,
        SQLITE_UTF8, 0, aFuncs[i].xFunc, 0, 0);
  }
}

/*
** Generate the text of a WHERE expression which can be used to select all
** temporary triggers on table pTab from the sqlite_temp_master table. If
** table pTab has no temporary triggers, or is itself stored in the 
** temporary database, NULL is returned.
*/
static char *whereTempTriggers(Parse *pParse, Table *pTab){
  Trigger *pTrig;
  char *zWhere = 0;
  char *tmp = 0;
  if( pTab->iDb!=1 ){
    for( pTrig=pTab->pTrigger; pTrig; pTrig=pTrig->pNext ){
      if( pTrig->iDb==1 ){
        if( !zWhere ){
          zWhere = sqlite3MPrintf("name=%Q", pTrig->name);
        }else{
          tmp = zWhere;
          zWhere = sqlite3MPrintf("%s OR name=%Q", zWhere, pTrig->name);
          sqliteFree(tmp);
        }
      }
    }
  }
  return zWhere;
}

/*
** Generate code to drop and reload the internal representation of table
** pTab from the database, including triggers and temporary triggers.
** Argument zName is the name of the table in the database schema at
** the time the generated code is executed. This can be different from
** pTab->zName if this function is being called to code part of an 
** "ALTER TABLE RENAME TO" statement.
*/
static void reloadTableSchema(Parse *pParse, Table *pTab, const char *zName){
  Vdbe *v;
  char *zWhere;
  int iDb;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
  Trigger *pTrig;
#endif

  v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
  if( !v ) return;
  iDb = pTab->iDb;

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
  /* Drop any table triggers from the internal schema. */
  for(pTrig=pTab->pTrigger; pTrig; pTrig=pTrig->pNext){
    assert( pTrig->iDb==iDb || pTrig->iDb==1 );
    sqlite3VdbeOp3(v, OP_DropTrigger, pTrig->iDb, 0, pTrig->name, 0);
  }
#endif

  /* Drop the table and index from the internal schema */
  sqlite3VdbeOp3(v, OP_DropTable, iDb, 0, pTab->zName, 0);

  /* Reload the table, index and permanent trigger schemas. */
  zWhere = sqlite3MPrintf("tbl_name=%Q", zName);
  if( !zWhere ) return;
  sqlite3VdbeOp3(v, OP_ParseSchema, iDb, 0, zWhere, P3_DYNAMIC);

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
  /* Now, if the table is not stored in the temp database, reload any temp 
  ** triggers. Don't use IN(...) in case SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY is defined. 
  */
  if( (zWhere=whereTempTriggers(pParse, pTab)) ){
    sqlite3VdbeOp3(v, OP_ParseSchema, 1, 0, zWhere, P3_DYNAMIC);
  }
#endif
}

/*
** Generate code to implement the "ALTER TABLE xxx RENAME TO yyy" 
** command. 
*/
void sqlite3AlterRenameTable(
  Parse *pParse,            /* Parser context. */
................................................................................
  SrcList *pSrc,            /* The table to rename. */
  Token *pName              /* The new table name. */
){
  int iDb;                  /* Database that contains the table */
  char *zDb;                /* Name of database iDb */
  Table *pTab;              /* Table being renamed */
  char *zName = 0;          /* NULL-terminated version of pName */ 

  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db; /* Database connection */
  Vdbe *v;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
  char *zWhere = 0;         /* Where clause to locate temp triggers */
#endif
  
  assert( pSrc->nSrc==1 );

  pTab = sqlite3LocateTable(pParse, pSrc->a[0].zName, pSrc->a[0].zDatabase);
  if( !pTab ) goto exit_rename_table;
  iDb = pTab->iDb;
................................................................................
            "WHEN name LIKE 'sqlite_autoindex%%' AND type='index' THEN "
              "'sqlite_autoindex_' || %Q || substr(name, %d+18,10) "
            "ELSE name END "
      "WHERE tbl_name=%Q AND "
          "(type='table' OR type='index' OR type='trigger');", 
      zDb, SCHEMA_TABLE(iDb), zName, zName, zName, 
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
      zName,
#endif
      zName, strlen(pTab->zName), pTab->zName
  );

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINCREMENT
  /* If the sqlite_sequence table exists in this database, then update 
  ** it with the new table name.
................................................................................
#endif

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
  /* If there are TEMP triggers on this table, modify the sqlite_temp_master
  ** table. Don't do this if the table being ALTERed is itself located in
  ** the temp database.
  */
  if( (zWhere=whereTempTriggers(pParse, pTab)) ){


















    sqlite3NestedParse(pParse, 
        "UPDATE sqlite_temp_master SET "
            "sql = sqlite_rename_trigger(sql, %Q), "
            "tbl_name = %Q "
            "WHERE %s;", zName, zName, zWhere);
    sqliteFree(zWhere);
  }

#endif



  /* Drop and reload the internal table schema. */
  reloadTableSchema(pParse, pTab, zName);

exit_rename_table:
  sqlite3SrcListDelete(pSrc);
  sqliteFree(zName);
}


/*
** This function is called after an "ALTER TABLE ... ADD" statement
** has been parsed. Argument pColDef contains the text of the new
** column definition.
**
** The Table structure pParse->pNewTable was extended to include
** the new column during parsing.
*/
void sqlite3AlterFinishAddColumn(Parse *pParse, Token *pColDef){
  Table *pNew;              /* Copy of pParse->pNewTable */
  Table *pTab;              /* Table being altered */
  int iDb;                  /* Database number */
  const char *zDb;          /* Database name */
  const char *zTab;         /* Table name */
  char *zCol;               /* Null-terminated column definition */
  Column *pCol;             /* The new column */
  Expr *pDflt;              /* Default value for the new column */
  Vdbe *v;

  if( pParse->nErr ) return;
  pNew = pParse->pNewTable;
  assert( pNew );


  iDb = pNew->iDb;
  zDb = pParse->db->aDb[iDb].zName;
  zTab = pNew->zName;
  pCol = &pNew->aCol[pNew->nCol-1];
  pDflt = pCol->pDflt;
  pTab = sqlite3FindTable(pParse->db, zTab, zDb);
  assert( pTab );

  /* If the default value for the new column was specified with a 
  ** literal NULL, then set pDflt to 0. This simplifies checking
  ** for an SQL NULL default below.
  */
  if( pDflt && pDflt->op==TK_NULL ){
    pDflt = 0;
  }

  /* Check that the new column is not specified as PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE.
  ** If there is a NOT NULL constraint, then the default value for the
  ** column must not be NULL.
  */
  if( pCol->isPrimKey ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "Cannot add a PRIMARY KEY column");
    return;
  }
  if( pNew->pIndex ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "Cannot add a UNIQUE column");
    return;
  }
  if( pCol->notNull && !pDflt ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
        "Cannot add a NOT NULL column with default value NULL");
    return;
  }

  /* Ensure the default expression is something that sqlite3ValueFromExpr()
  ** can handle (i.e. not CURRENT_TIME etc.)
  */
  if( pDflt ){
    sqlite3_value *pVal;
    if( sqlite3ValueFromExpr(pDflt, SQLITE_UTF8, SQLITE_AFF_NONE, &pVal) ){
      /* malloc() has failed */
      return;
    }
    if( !pVal ){
      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "Cannot add a column with non-constant default");
      return;
    }
    sqlite3ValueFree(pVal);
  }

  /* Modify the CREATE TABLE statement. */
  zCol = sqliteStrNDup(pColDef->z, pColDef->n);
  if( zCol ){

    char *zEnd = &zCol[pColDef->n-1];
    while( zEnd>zCol && *zEnd==';' || isspace(*(unsigned char *)zEnd) ){
      *zEnd-- = '\0';
    }

    sqlite3NestedParse(pParse, 
        "UPDATE %Q.%s SET "
          "sql = substr(sql,0,%d) || ', ' || %Q || substr(sql,%d,length(sql)) "
        "WHERE type = 'table' AND name = %Q", 
      zDb, SCHEMA_TABLE(iDb), pNew->addColOffset, zCol, pNew->addColOffset+1,
      zTab
    );
    sqliteFree(zCol);

  }


  /* If the default value of the new column is NULL, then set the file
  ** format to 2. If the default value of the new column is not NULL,
  ** the file format becomes 3.
  */
  if( (v=sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse)) ){
    int f = (pDflt?3:2);

    /* Only set the file format to $f if it is currently less than $f. */
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_ReadCookie, iDb, 1);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Integer, f, 0);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Ge, 0, sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)+3);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Integer, f, 0);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_SetCookie, iDb, 1);
  }

  /* Reload the schema of the modified table. */
  reloadTableSchema(pParse, pTab, pTab->zName);
}


/*
** This function is called by the parser after the table-name in
** an "ALTER TABLE <table-name> ADD" statement is parsed. Argument 
** pSrc is the full-name of the table being altered.
**
** This routine makes a (partial) copy of the Table structure
** for the table being altered and sets Parse.pNewTable to point
** to it. Routines called by the parser as the column definition
** is parsed (i.e. sqlite3AddColumn()) add the new Column data to 
** the copy. The copy of the Table structure is deleted by tokenize.c 
** after parsing is finished.
**
** Routine sqlite3AlterFinishAddColumn() will be called to complete
** coding the "ALTER TABLE ... ADD" statement.
*/
void sqlite3AlterBeginAddColumn(Parse *pParse, SrcList *pSrc){
  Table *pNew;
  Table *pTab;
  Vdbe *v;
  int iDb;
  int i;
  int nAlloc;

  /* Look up the table being altered. */
  assert( !pParse->pNewTable );
  pTab = sqlite3LocateTable(pParse, pSrc->a[0].zName, pSrc->a[0].zDatabase);
  if( !pTab ) goto exit_begin_add_column;

  /* Make sure this is not an attempt to ALTER a view. */
  if( pTab->pSelect ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "Cannot add a column to a view");
    goto exit_begin_add_column;
  }

  assert( pTab->addColOffset>0 );
  iDb = pTab->iDb;

  /* Put a copy of the Table struct in Parse.pNewTable for the
  ** sqlite3AddColumn() function and friends to modify.
  */
  pNew = (Table *)sqliteMalloc(sizeof(Table));
  if( !pNew ) goto exit_begin_add_column;
  pParse->pNewTable = pNew;
  pNew->nCol = pTab->nCol;
  nAlloc = ((pNew->nCol)/8)+8;
  pNew->aCol = (Column *)sqliteMalloc(sizeof(Column)*nAlloc);
  pNew->zName = sqliteStrDup(pTab->zName);
  if( !pNew->aCol || !pNew->zName ){
    goto exit_begin_add_column;
  }
  memcpy(pNew->aCol, pTab->aCol, sizeof(Column)*pNew->nCol);
  for(i=0; i<pNew->nCol; i++){
    Column *pCol = &pNew->aCol[i];
    pCol->zName = sqliteStrDup(pCol->zName);
    pCol->zType = 0;
    pCol->pDflt = 0;
  }
  pNew->iDb = iDb;
  pNew->addColOffset = pTab->addColOffset;

  /* Begin a transaction and increment the schema cookie.  */
  sqlite3BeginWriteOperation(pParse, 0, iDb);
  v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
  if( !v ) goto exit_begin_add_column;
  sqlite3ChangeCookie(pParse->db, v, iDb);

exit_begin_add_column:
  sqlite3SrcListDelete(pSrc);

  return;
}
#endif  /* SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE */

**     CREATE INDEX
**     DROP INDEX
**     creating ID lists
**     BEGIN TRANSACTION
**     COMMIT
**     ROLLBACK
**
** $Id: build.c,v 1.313 2005/03/16 12:15:21 danielk1977 Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"
#include <ctype.h>

/*
** This routine is called when a new SQL statement is beginning to
** be parsed.  Initialize the pParse structure as needed.
................................................................................
** the sqlite_master table.  We do not want to create it again.
**
** If the pSelect argument is not NULL, it means that this routine
** was called to create a table generated from a 
** "CREATE TABLE ... AS SELECT ..." statement.  The column names of
** the new table will match the result set of the SELECT.
*/
void sqlite3EndTable(Parse *pParse, Token *pEnd, Select *pSelect){





  Table *p;
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;

  if( (pEnd==0 && pSelect==0) || pParse->nErr || sqlite3_malloc_failed ) return;
  p = pParse->pNewTable;
  if( p==0 ) return;

................................................................................
      pFKey->pNextTo = sqlite3HashFind(&pDb->aFKey, pFKey->zTo, nTo);
      sqlite3HashInsert(&pDb->aFKey, pFKey->zTo, nTo, pFKey);
    }
#endif
    pParse->pNewTable = 0;
    db->nTable++;
    db->flags |= SQLITE_InternChanges;








  }
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
/*
** The parser calls this routine in order to create a new VIEW
*/
................................................................................
  n = sEnd.z - pBegin->z;
  z = (const unsigned char*)pBegin->z;
  while( n>0 && (z[n-1]==';' || isspace(z[n-1])) ){ n--; }
  sEnd.z = &z[n-1];
  sEnd.n = 1;

  /* Use sqlite3EndTable() to add the view to the SQLITE_MASTER table */
  sqlite3EndTable(pParse, &sEnd, 0);
  return;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
/*
** The Table structure pTable is really a VIEW.  Fill in the names of

**     CREATE INDEX
**     DROP INDEX
**     creating ID lists
**     BEGIN TRANSACTION
**     COMMIT
**     ROLLBACK
**
** $Id: build.c,v 1.314 2005/03/17 05:03:39 danielk1977 Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"
#include <ctype.h>

/*
** This routine is called when a new SQL statement is beginning to
** be parsed.  Initialize the pParse structure as needed.
................................................................................
** the sqlite_master table.  We do not want to create it again.
**
** If the pSelect argument is not NULL, it means that this routine
** was called to create a table generated from a 
** "CREATE TABLE ... AS SELECT ..." statement.  The column names of
** the new table will match the result set of the SELECT.
*/
void sqlite3EndTable(
  Parse *pParse,          /* Parse context */
  Token *pCons,           /* The ',' token after the last column defn. */
  Token *pEnd,            /* The final ')' token in the CREATE TABLE */
  Select *pSelect         /* Select from a "CREATE ... AS SELECT" */
){
  Table *p;
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;

  if( (pEnd==0 && pSelect==0) || pParse->nErr || sqlite3_malloc_failed ) return;
  p = pParse->pNewTable;
  if( p==0 ) return;

................................................................................
      pFKey->pNextTo = sqlite3HashFind(&pDb->aFKey, pFKey->zTo, nTo);
      sqlite3HashInsert(&pDb->aFKey, pFKey->zTo, nTo, pFKey);
    }
#endif
    pParse->pNewTable = 0;
    db->nTable++;
    db->flags |= SQLITE_InternChanges;

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_ALTERTABLE
    if( !p->pSelect ){
      assert( !pSelect && pCons && pEnd );
      if( pCons->z==0 ) pCons = pEnd;
      p->addColOffset = 13 + (pCons->z - pParse->sNameToken.z);
    }
#endif
  }
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
/*
** The parser calls this routine in order to create a new VIEW
*/
................................................................................
  n = sEnd.z - pBegin->z;
  z = (const unsigned char*)pBegin->z;
  while( n>0 && (z[n-1]==';' || isspace(z[n-1])) ){ n--; }
  sEnd.z = &z[n-1];
  sEnd.n = 1;

  /* Use sqlite3EndTable() to add the view to the SQLITE_MASTER table */
  sqlite3EndTable(pParse, 0, &sEnd, 0);
  return;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
/*
** The Table structure pTable is really a VIEW.  Fill in the names of

**
*************************************************************************
** This file contains SQLite's grammar for SQL.  Process this file
** using the lemon parser generator to generate C code that runs
** the parser.  Lemon will also generate a header file containing
** numeric codes for all of the tokens.
**
** @(#) $Id: parse.y,v 1.168 2005/03/16 12:15:21 danielk1977 Exp $
*/
%token_prefix TK_
%token_type {Token}
%default_type {Token}
%extra_argument {Parse *pParse}
%syntax_error {
  if( pParse->zErrMsg==0 ){
................................................................................
cmd ::= create_table create_table_args.
create_table ::= CREATE(X) temp(T) TABLE nm(Y) dbnm(Z). {
   sqlite3StartTable(pParse,&X,&Y,&Z,T,0);
}
%type temp {int}
temp(A) ::= TEMP.  {A = 1;}
temp(A) ::= .      {A = 0;}
create_table_args ::= LP columnlist conslist_opt RP(X). {
  sqlite3EndTable(pParse,&X,0);
}
create_table_args ::= AS select(S). {
  sqlite3EndTable(pParse,0,S);
  sqlite3SelectDelete(S);
}
columnlist ::= columnlist COMMA column.
columnlist ::= column.

// About the only information used for a column is the name of the
// column.  The type is always just "text".  But the code will accept
// an elaborate typename.  Perhaps someday we'll do something with it.
//
column ::= columnid type carglist. 




columnid ::= nm(X).                {sqlite3AddColumn(pParse,&X);}




// An IDENTIFIER can be a generic identifier, or one of several
// keywords.  Any non-standard keyword can also be an identifier.
//
%type id {Token}
id(A) ::= ID(X).         {A = X;}

................................................................................
// UNIQUE constraints.
//
ccons ::= NULL onconf.
ccons ::= NOT NULL onconf(R).               {sqlite3AddNotNull(pParse, R);}
ccons ::= PRIMARY KEY sortorder onconf(R) autoinc(I).
                                     {sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(pParse,0,R,I);}
ccons ::= UNIQUE onconf(R).          {sqlite3CreateIndex(pParse,0,0,0,0,R,0,0);}
ccons ::= CHECK LP expr RP onconf.
ccons ::= REFERENCES nm(T) idxlist_opt(TA) refargs(R).
                                {sqlite3CreateForeignKey(pParse,0,&T,TA,R);}
ccons ::= defer_subclause(D).   {sqlite3DeferForeignKey(pParse,D);}
ccons ::= COLLATE id(C).  {sqlite3AddCollateType(pParse, C.z, C.n);}

// The optional AUTOINCREMENT keyword
%type autoinc {int}
................................................................................
init_deferred_pred_opt(A) ::= .                       {A = 0;}
init_deferred_pred_opt(A) ::= INITIALLY DEFERRED.     {A = 1;}
init_deferred_pred_opt(A) ::= INITIALLY IMMEDIATE.    {A = 0;}

// For the time being, the only constraint we care about is the primary
// key and UNIQUE.  Both create indices.
//
conslist_opt ::= .
conslist_opt ::= COMMA conslist.
conslist ::= conslist COMMA tcons.
conslist ::= conslist tcons.
conslist ::= tcons.
tcons ::= CONSTRAINT nm.
tcons ::= PRIMARY KEY LP idxlist(X) autoinc(I) RP onconf(R).
                                         {sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(pParse,X,R,I);}
tcons ::= UNIQUE LP idxlist(X) RP onconf(R).
................................................................................
%endif

//////////////////////// ALTER TABLE table ... ////////////////////////////////
%ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_ALTERTABLE
cmd ::= ALTER TABLE fullname(X) RENAME TO nm(Z). {
  sqlite3AlterRenameTable(pParse,X,&Z);
}








%endif

**
*************************************************************************
** This file contains SQLite's grammar for SQL.  Process this file
** using the lemon parser generator to generate C code that runs
** the parser.  Lemon will also generate a header file containing
** numeric codes for all of the tokens.
**
** @(#) $Id: parse.y,v 1.169 2005/03/17 05:03:40 danielk1977 Exp $
*/
%token_prefix TK_
%token_type {Token}
%default_type {Token}
%extra_argument {Parse *pParse}
%syntax_error {
  if( pParse->zErrMsg==0 ){
................................................................................
cmd ::= create_table create_table_args.
create_table ::= CREATE(X) temp(T) TABLE nm(Y) dbnm(Z). {
   sqlite3StartTable(pParse,&X,&Y,&Z,T,0);
}
%type temp {int}
temp(A) ::= TEMP.  {A = 1;}
temp(A) ::= .      {A = 0;}
create_table_args ::= LP columnlist conslist_opt(X) RP(Y). {
  sqlite3EndTable(pParse,&X,&Y,0);
}
create_table_args ::= AS select(S). {
  sqlite3EndTable(pParse,0,0,S);
  sqlite3SelectDelete(S);
}
columnlist ::= columnlist COMMA column.
columnlist ::= column.

// About the only information used for a column is the name of the
// column.  The type is always just "text".  But the code will accept
// an elaborate typename.  Perhaps someday we'll do something with it.
//
column(A) ::= columnid(X) type carglist. {
  A.z = X.z;
  A.n = (pParse->sLastToken.z-X.z) + pParse->sLastToken.n;
}
columnid(A) ::= nm(X). {
  sqlite3AddColumn(pParse,&X);
  A = X;
}


// An IDENTIFIER can be a generic identifier, or one of several
// keywords.  Any non-standard keyword can also be an identifier.
//
%type id {Token}
id(A) ::= ID(X).         {A = X;}

................................................................................
// UNIQUE constraints.
//
ccons ::= NULL onconf.
ccons ::= NOT NULL onconf(R).               {sqlite3AddNotNull(pParse, R);}
ccons ::= PRIMARY KEY sortorder onconf(R) autoinc(I).
                                     {sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(pParse,0,R,I);}
ccons ::= UNIQUE onconf(R).          {sqlite3CreateIndex(pParse,0,0,0,0,R,0,0);}
ccons ::= CHECK LP expr(X) RP onconf. {sqlite3ExprDelete(X);}
ccons ::= REFERENCES nm(T) idxlist_opt(TA) refargs(R).
                                {sqlite3CreateForeignKey(pParse,0,&T,TA,R);}
ccons ::= defer_subclause(D).   {sqlite3DeferForeignKey(pParse,D);}
ccons ::= COLLATE id(C).  {sqlite3AddCollateType(pParse, C.z, C.n);}

// The optional AUTOINCREMENT keyword
%type autoinc {int}
................................................................................
init_deferred_pred_opt(A) ::= .                       {A = 0;}
init_deferred_pred_opt(A) ::= INITIALLY DEFERRED.     {A = 1;}
init_deferred_pred_opt(A) ::= INITIALLY IMMEDIATE.    {A = 0;}

// For the time being, the only constraint we care about is the primary
// key and UNIQUE.  Both create indices.
//
conslist_opt(A) ::= .                   {A.n = 0; A.z = 0;}
conslist_opt(A) ::= COMMA(X) conslist.  {A = X;}
conslist ::= conslist COMMA tcons.
conslist ::= conslist tcons.
conslist ::= tcons.
tcons ::= CONSTRAINT nm.
tcons ::= PRIMARY KEY LP idxlist(X) autoinc(I) RP onconf(R).
                                         {sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(pParse,X,R,I);}
tcons ::= UNIQUE LP idxlist(X) RP onconf(R).
................................................................................
%endif

//////////////////////// ALTER TABLE table ... ////////////////////////////////
%ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_ALTERTABLE
cmd ::= ALTER TABLE fullname(X) RENAME TO nm(Z). {
  sqlite3AlterRenameTable(pParse,X,&Z);
}
cmd ::= ALTER TABLE add_column_fullname ADD kwcolumn_opt column(Y). {
  sqlite3AlterFinishAddColumn(pParse, &Y);
}
add_column_fullname ::= fullname(X). {
  sqlite3AlterBeginAddColumn(pParse, X);
}
kwcolumn_opt ::= .
kwcolumn_opt ::= COLUMNKW.
%endif

**    May you do good and not evil.
**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** Internal interface definitions for SQLite.
**
** @(#) $Id: sqliteInt.h,v 1.372 2005/03/09 12:26:51 danielk1977 Exp $
*/
#ifndef _SQLITEINT_H_
#define _SQLITEINT_H_

/*
** These #defines should enable >2GB file support on Posix if the
** underlying operating system supports it.  If the OS lacks
................................................................................
  u8 isTransient;  /* True if automatically deleted when VDBE finishes */
  u8 hasPrimKey;   /* True if there exists a primary key */
  u8 keyConf;      /* What to do in case of uniqueness conflict on iPKey */
  u8 autoInc;      /* True if the integer primary key is autoincrement */
  Trigger *pTrigger; /* List of SQL triggers on this table */
  FKey *pFKey;       /* Linked list of all foreign keys in this table */
  char *zColAff;     /* String defining the affinity of each column */



};

/*
** Each foreign key constraint is an instance of the following structure.
**
** A foreign key is associated with two tables.  The "from" table is
** the table that contains the REFERENCES clause that creates the foreign
................................................................................
void sqlite3StartTable(Parse*,Token*,Token*,Token*,int,int);
void sqlite3AddColumn(Parse*,Token*);
void sqlite3AddNotNull(Parse*, int);
void sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(Parse*, ExprList*, int, int);
void sqlite3AddColumnType(Parse*,Token*,Token*);
void sqlite3AddDefaultValue(Parse*,Expr*);
void sqlite3AddCollateType(Parse*, const char*, int);
void sqlite3EndTable(Parse*,Token*,Select*);

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
  void sqlite3CreateView(Parse*,Token*,Token*,Token*,Select*,int);
  int sqlite3ViewGetColumnNames(Parse*,Table*);
#else
# define sqlite3ViewGetColumnNames(A,B) 0
#endif
................................................................................
void sqlite3AlterRenameTable(Parse*, SrcList*, Token*);
int sqlite3GetToken(const unsigned char *, int *);
void sqlite3NestedParse(Parse*, const char*, ...);
void sqlite3ExpirePreparedStatements(sqlite3*);
void sqlite3CodeSubselect(Parse *, Expr *);
int sqlite3SelectResolve(Parse *, Select *, NameContext *);
void sqlite3ColumnDefault(Vdbe *, Table *, int);



#endif

**    May you do good and not evil.
**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** Internal interface definitions for SQLite.
**
** @(#) $Id: sqliteInt.h,v 1.373 2005/03/17 05:03:40 danielk1977 Exp $
*/
#ifndef _SQLITEINT_H_
#define _SQLITEINT_H_

/*
** These #defines should enable >2GB file support on Posix if the
** underlying operating system supports it.  If the OS lacks
................................................................................
  u8 isTransient;  /* True if automatically deleted when VDBE finishes */
  u8 hasPrimKey;   /* True if there exists a primary key */
  u8 keyConf;      /* What to do in case of uniqueness conflict on iPKey */
  u8 autoInc;      /* True if the integer primary key is autoincrement */
  Trigger *pTrigger; /* List of SQL triggers on this table */
  FKey *pFKey;       /* Linked list of all foreign keys in this table */
  char *zColAff;     /* String defining the affinity of each column */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_ALTERTABLE
  int addColOffset;  /* Offset in CREATE TABLE statement to add a new column */
#endif
};

/*
** Each foreign key constraint is an instance of the following structure.
**
** A foreign key is associated with two tables.  The "from" table is
** the table that contains the REFERENCES clause that creates the foreign
................................................................................
void sqlite3StartTable(Parse*,Token*,Token*,Token*,int,int);
void sqlite3AddColumn(Parse*,Token*);
void sqlite3AddNotNull(Parse*, int);
void sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(Parse*, ExprList*, int, int);
void sqlite3AddColumnType(Parse*,Token*,Token*);
void sqlite3AddDefaultValue(Parse*,Expr*);
void sqlite3AddCollateType(Parse*, const char*, int);
void sqlite3EndTable(Parse*,Token*,Token*,Select*);

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
  void sqlite3CreateView(Parse*,Token*,Token*,Token*,Select*,int);
  int sqlite3ViewGetColumnNames(Parse*,Table*);
#else
# define sqlite3ViewGetColumnNames(A,B) 0
#endif
................................................................................
void sqlite3AlterRenameTable(Parse*, SrcList*, Token*);
int sqlite3GetToken(const unsigned char *, int *);
void sqlite3NestedParse(Parse*, const char*, ...);
void sqlite3ExpirePreparedStatements(sqlite3*);
void sqlite3CodeSubselect(Parse *, Expr *);
int sqlite3SelectResolve(Parse *, Select *, NameContext *);
void sqlite3ColumnDefault(Vdbe *, Table *, int);
void sqlite3AlterFinishAddColumn(Parse *, Token *);
void sqlite3AlterBeginAddColumn(Parse *, SrcList *);

#endif

# 2005 February 19
#
# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
#
#    May you do good and not evil.
#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
#
#*************************************************************************
# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
# focus of this script is testing that SQLite can handle a subtle 
# file format change that may be used in the future to implement
# "ALTER TABLE ... ADD COLUMN".
#
# $Id: alter3.test,v 1.1 2005/03/17 05:03:41 danielk1977 Exp $
#

set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
source $testdir/tester.tcl

# Test Organisation:
# ------------------
#
# alter3-1.*: Test that ALTER TABLE correctly modifies the CREATE TABLE sql.
# alter3-2.*: Test error messages.
# alter3-3.*: Test adding columns with default value NULL.
# alter3-4.*: Test adding columns with default values other than NULL.
# alter3-5.*: Test adding columns to tables in ATTACHed databases.
# alter3-6.*: Test that temp triggers are not accidentally dropped.
# alter3-7.*: Test that VACUUM resets the file-format.
#

# This procedure returns the value of the file-format in file 'test.db'.
# 
proc get_file_format {{fname test.db}} {
  set bt [btree_open $fname 10 0]
  set meta [btree_get_meta $bt]
  btree_close $bt
  lindex $meta 2
}

do_test alter3-1.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE abc(a, b, c);
    SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master;
  }
} {{CREATE TABLE abc(a, b, c)}}
do_test alter3-1.2 {
  execsql {ALTER TABLE abc ADD d INTEGER;}
  execsql {
    SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master;
  }
} {{CREATE TABLE abc(a, b, c, d INTEGER)}}
do_test alter3-1.3 {
  execsql {ALTER TABLE abc ADD e}
  execsql {
    SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master;
  }
} {{CREATE TABLE abc(a, b, c, d INTEGER, e)}}
do_test alter3-1.4 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE main.t1(a, b);
    ALTER TABLE t1 ADD c;
    SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE tbl_name = 't1';
  }
} {{CREATE TABLE t1(a, b, c)}}
do_test alter3-1.5 {
  execsql {
    ALTER TABLE t1 ADD d CHECK (a>d);
    SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE tbl_name = 't1';
  }
} {{CREATE TABLE t1(a, b, c, d CHECK (a>d))}}
do_test alter3-1.6 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t2(a, b, UNIQUE(a, b));
    ALTER TABLE t2 ADD c REFERENCES t1(c)  ;
    SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE tbl_name = 't2' AND type = 'table';
  }
} {{CREATE TABLE t2(a, b, c REFERENCES t1(c), UNIQUE(a, b))}}
do_test alter3-1.7 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t3(a, b, UNIQUE(a, b));
    ALTER TABLE t3 ADD COLUMN c VARCHAR(10, 20);
    SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE tbl_name = 't3' AND type = 'table';
  }
} {{CREATE TABLE t3(a, b, c VARCHAR(10, 20), UNIQUE(a, b))}}
do_test alter3-1.99 {
  execsql {
    DROP TABLE abc; 
    DROP TABLE t1; 
    DROP TABLE t2; 
    DROP TABLE t3; 
  }
} {}

do_test alter3-2.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t1(a, b);
  }
  catchsql {
    ALTER TABLE t1 ADD c PRIMARY KEY;
  }
} {1 {Cannot add a PRIMARY KEY column}}
do_test alter3-2.2 {
  catchsql {
    ALTER TABLE t1 ADD c UNIQUE
  }
} {1 {Cannot add a UNIQUE column}}
do_test alter3-2.3 {
  catchsql {
    ALTER TABLE t1 ADD b VARCHAR(10)
  }
} {1 {duplicate column name: b}}
do_test alter3-2.3 {
  catchsql {
    ALTER TABLE t1 ADD c NOT NULL;
  }
} {1 {Cannot add a NOT NULL column with default value NULL}}
do_test alter3-2.4 {
  catchsql {
    ALTER TABLE t1 ADD c NOT NULL DEFAULT 10;
  }
} {0 {}}
do_test alter3-2.5 {
  execsql {
    CREATE VIEW v1 AS SELECT * FROM t1;
  }
  catchsql {
    alter table v1 add column d;
  }
} {1 {Cannot add a column to a view}}
do_test alter3-2.6 {
  catchsql {
    alter table t1 add column d DEFAULT CURRENT_TIME;
  }
} {1 {Cannot add a column with non-constant default}}
do_test alter3-2.99 {
  execsql {
    DROP TABLE t1;
  }
} {}

do_test alter3-3.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t1(a, b);
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 100);
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(2, 300);
    SELECT * FROM t1;
  }
} {1 100 2 300}
do_test alter3-3.1 {
  execsql {
    PRAGMA schema_version = 10;
  }
} {}
do_test alter3-3.2 {
  execsql {
    ALTER TABLE t1 ADD c;
    SELECT * FROM t1;
  }
} {1 100 {} 2 300 {}}
do_test alter3-3.3 {
  get_file_format
} {3}
do_test alter3-3.4 {
  execsql {
    PRAGMA schema_version;
  }
} {11}

do_test alter3-4.1 {
  db close
  file delete -force test.db
  set ::DB [sqlite3 db test.db]
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t1(a, b);
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 100);
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(2, 300);
    SELECT * FROM t1;
  }
} {1 100 2 300}
do_test alter3-4.1 {
  execsql {
    PRAGMA schema_version = 20;
  }
} {}
do_test alter3-4.2 {
  execsql {
    ALTER TABLE t1 ADD c DEFAULT 'hello world';
    SELECT * FROM t1;
  }
} {1 100 {hello world} 2 300 {hello world}}
do_test alter3-4.3 {
  get_file_format
} {3}
do_test alter3-4.4 {
  execsql {
    PRAGMA schema_version;
  }
} {21}
do_test alter3-4.99 {
  execsql {
    DROP TABLE t1;
  }
} {}

do_test alter3-5.1 {
  file delete -force test2.db
  file delete -force test2.db-journal
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t1(a, b);
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 'one');
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(2, 'two');
    ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux;
    CREATE TABLE aux.t1 AS SELECT * FROM t1;
    PRAGMA aux.schema_version = 30;
    SELECT sql FROM aux.sqlite_master;
  } 
} {{CREATE TABLE t1(a,b)}}
do_test alter3-5.2 {
  execsql {
    ALTER TABLE aux.t1 ADD COLUMN c VARCHAR(128);
    SELECT sql FROM aux.sqlite_master;
  }
} {{CREATE TABLE t1(a,b, c VARCHAR(128))}}
do_test alter3-5.3 {
  execsql {
    SELECT * FROM aux.t1;
  }
} {1 one {} 2 two {}}
do_test alter3-5.4 {
  execsql {
    PRAGMA aux.schema_version;
  }
} {31}
do_test alter3-5.5 {
  list [get_file_format test2.db] [get_file_format]
} {2 3}
do_test alter3-5.6 {
  execsql {
    ALTER TABLE aux.t1 ADD COLUMN d DEFAULT 1000;
    SELECT sql FROM aux.sqlite_master;
  }
} {{CREATE TABLE t1(a,b, c VARCHAR(128), d DEFAULT 1000)}}
do_test alter3-5.7 {
  execsql {
    SELECT * FROM aux.t1;
  }
} {1 one {} 1000 2 two {} 1000}
do_test alter3-5.8 {
  execsql {
    PRAGMA aux.schema_version;
  }
} {32}
do_test alter3-5.9 {
  execsql {
    SELECT * FROM t1;
  }
} {1 one 2 two}
do_test alter3-5.99 {
  execsql {
    DROP TABLE aux.t1;
    DROP TABLE t1;
  }
} {}

#----------------------------------------------------------------
# Test that the table schema is correctly reloaded when a column
# is added to a table.
#
ifcapable trigger {
  do_test alter3-6.1 {
    execsql {
      CREATE TABLE t1(a, b);
      CREATE TABLE log(trig, a, b);

      CREATE TRIGGER t1_a AFTER INSERT ON t1 BEGIN
        INSERT INTO log VALUES('a', new.a, new.b);
      END;
      CREATE TEMP TRIGGER t1_b AFTER INSERT ON t1 BEGIN
        INSERT INTO log VALUES('b', new.a, new.b);
      END;
  
      INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 2);
      SELECT * FROM log;
    }
  } {b 1 2 a 1 2}
  do_test alter3-6.2 {
    execsql {
      ALTER TABLE t1 ADD COLUMN c DEFAULT 'c';
      INSERT INTO t1(a, b) VALUES(3, 4);
      SELECT * FROM log;
    }
  } {b 1 2 a 1 2 b 3 4 a 3 4}
}

ifcapable vacuum {
  do_test alter3-7.1 {
    execsql {
      VACUUM;
    }
    get_file_format
  } {1}
  do_test alter3-7.2 {
    execsql {
      CREATE TABLE abc(a, b, c);
      ALTER TABLE abc ADD d DEFAULT NULL;
    }
    get_file_format
  } {2}
  do_test alter3-7.3 {
    execsql {
      ALTER TABLE abc ADD e DEFAULT 10;
    }
    get_file_format
  } {3}
  do_test alter3-7.4 {
    execsql {
      ALTER TABLE abc ADD f DEFAULT NULL;
    }
    get_file_format
  } {3}
  do_test alter3-7.5 {
    execsql {
      VACUUM;
    }
    get_file_format
  } {1}
}

finish_test

#
# Run this Tcl script to generate the lang-*.html files.
#
set rcsid {$Id: lang.tcl,v 1.84 2005/02/19 12:44:16 drh Exp $}
source common.tcl

if {[llength $argv]>0} {
  set outputdir [lindex $argv 0]
} else {
  set outputdir ""
}
................................................................................
  }
  puts "<h1>$name</h1>\n"
}

Section {ALTER TABLE} altertable

Syntax {sql-statement} {
ALTER TABLE [<database-name> .] <table-name> RENAME TO <new-table-name>




}

puts {
<p>SQLite's version of the ALTER TABLE command allows the user to 
rename an existing table. The table identified by 




<i>[database-name.]table-name</i> is renamed to
<i>new-table-name</i>. This command cannot be used to move a
table between attached databases, only to rename a table within
the same database.</p>

<p>If the table being renamed has triggers or indices, then these remain
attached to the table after it has been renamed. However, if there are
any view definitions, or statements executed by triggers that refer to
the table being renamed, these are not automatically modified to use the new
table name. If this is required, the triggers or view definitions must be
dropped and recreated to use the new table name by hand.
</p>












}

Section {ATTACH DATABASE} attach

Syntax {sql-statement} {
ATTACH [DATABASE] <database-filename> AS <database-name>
}

#
# Run this Tcl script to generate the lang-*.html files.
#
set rcsid {$Id: lang.tcl,v 1.85 2005/03/17 05:03:40 danielk1977 Exp $}
source common.tcl

if {[llength $argv]>0} {
  set outputdir [lindex $argv 0]
} else {
  set outputdir ""
}
................................................................................
  }
  puts "<h1>$name</h1>\n"
}

Section {ALTER TABLE} altertable

Syntax {sql-statement} {
ALTER TABLE [<database-name> .] <table-name> <alteration>
} {alteration} {
RENAME TO <new-table-name>
} {alteration} {
ADD [COLUMN] <column-def>
}

puts {
<p>SQLite's version of the ALTER TABLE command allows the user to 
rename or add a new column to an existing table. It is not possible
to remove a column from a table.
</p>

<p>The RENAME TO syntax is used to rename the table identified by 
<i>[database-name.]table-name</i> to <i>new-table-name</i>. This command 

cannot be used to move a table between attached databases, only to rename 
a table within the same database.</p>

<p>If the table being renamed has triggers or indices, then these remain
attached to the table after it has been renamed. However, if there are
any view definitions, or statements executed by triggers that refer to
the table being renamed, these are not automatically modified to use the new
table name. If this is required, the triggers or view definitions must be
dropped and recreated to use the new table name by hand.
</p>

<p>The ADD [COLUMN] syntax is used to add a new column to an existing table.
The new column is always appended to the end of the list of existing columns.
<i>Column-def</i> may take any of the forms permissable in a CREATE TABLE 
statement, with the following restrictions:
<ul>
<li>The column may not have a PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE constraint.</li>
<li>The column may not have a default value of CURRENT_TIME, CURRENT_DATE 
    or CURRENT_TIMESTAMP.</li>
<li>If a NOT NULL constraint is specified, then the column must have a
    default value other than NULL.
</ul>
}

Section {ATTACH DATABASE} attach

Syntax {sql-statement} {
ATTACH [DATABASE] <database-filename> AS <database-name>
}