**     CREATE INDEX
**     DROP INDEX
**     creating ID lists
**     BEGIN TRANSACTION
**     COMMIT
**     ROLLBACK
**
** $Id: build.c,v 1.460 2008/01/05 18:48:24 drh Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"
#include <ctype.h>

/*
** This routine is called when a new SQL statement is beginning to
** be parsed.  Initialize the pParse structure as needed.
................................................................................
    **
    ** A shared-cache write-lock is not required to write to the new table,
    ** as a schema-lock must have already been obtained to create it. Since
    ** a schema-lock excludes all other database users, the write-lock would
    ** be redundant.
    */
    if( pSelect ){
      SelectDest dest = {SRT_Table, 0, 1};
      Table *pSelTab;

      sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(v, OP_Copy);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_OpenWrite, 1, 0, iDb);
      pParse->nTab = 2;

      sqlite3Select(pParse, pSelect, &dest, 0, 0, 0, 0);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Close, 1);
      if( pParse->nErr==0 ){
        pSelTab = sqlite3ResultSetOfSelect(pParse, 0, pSelect);
        if( pSelTab==0 ) return;
        assert( p->aCol==0 );
        p->nCol = pSelTab->nCol;

**     CREATE INDEX
**     DROP INDEX
**     creating ID lists
**     BEGIN TRANSACTION
**     COMMIT
**     ROLLBACK
**
** $Id: build.c,v 1.461 2008/01/06 00:25:22 drh Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"
#include <ctype.h>

/*
** This routine is called when a new SQL statement is beginning to
** be parsed.  Initialize the pParse structure as needed.
................................................................................
    **
    ** A shared-cache write-lock is not required to write to the new table,
    ** as a schema-lock must have already been obtained to create it. Since
    ** a schema-lock excludes all other database users, the write-lock would
    ** be redundant.
    */
    if( pSelect ){
      SelectDest dest;
      Table *pSelTab;

      sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(v, OP_Copy);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_OpenWrite, 1, 0, iDb);
      pParse->nTab = 2;
      sqlite3SelectDestInit(&dest, SRT_Table, 1);
      sqlite3Select(pParse, pSelect, &dest, 0, 0, 0, 0);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Close, 1);
      if( pParse->nErr==0 ){
        pSelTab = sqlite3ResultSetOfSelect(pParse, 0, pSelect);
        if( pSelTab==0 ) return;
        assert( p->aCol==0 );
        p->nCol = pSelTab->nCol;

**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** This file contains C code routines that are called by the parser
** in order to generate code for DELETE FROM statements.
**
** $Id: delete.c,v 1.151 2008/01/05 17:39:30 danielk1977 Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"

/*
** Look up every table that is named in pSrc.  If any table is not found,
** add an error message to pParse->zErrMsg and return NULL.  If all tables
** are found, return a pointer to the last table.
................................................................................
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, iGoto);
  }

  /* If we are trying to delete from a view, realize that view into
  ** a ephemeral table.
  */
  if( isView ){
    SelectDest dest = {SRT_EphemTab, 0, 0};


    Select *pView = sqlite3SelectDup(db, pTab->pSelect);
    sqlite3SelectMask(pParse, pView, old_col_mask);
    dest.iParm = iCur;

    sqlite3Select(pParse, pView, &dest, 0, 0, 0, 0);
    sqlite3SelectDelete(pView);
  }

  /* Initialize the counter of the number of rows deleted, if
  ** we are counting rows.
  */

**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** This file contains C code routines that are called by the parser
** in order to generate code for DELETE FROM statements.
**
** $Id: delete.c,v 1.152 2008/01/06 00:25:22 drh Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"

/*
** Look up every table that is named in pSrc.  If any table is not found,
** add an error message to pParse->zErrMsg and return NULL.  If all tables
** are found, return a pointer to the last table.
................................................................................
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, iGoto);
  }

  /* If we are trying to delete from a view, realize that view into
  ** a ephemeral table.
  */
  if( isView ){
    SelectDest dest;
    Select *pView;

    pView = sqlite3SelectDup(db, pTab->pSelect);
    sqlite3SelectMask(pParse, pView, old_col_mask);

    sqlite3SelectDestInit(&dest, SRT_EphemTab, iCur);
    sqlite3Select(pParse, pView, &dest, 0, 0, 0, 0);
    sqlite3SelectDelete(pView);
  }

  /* Initialize the counter of the number of rows deleted, if
  ** we are counting rows.
  */

**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** This file contains routines used for analyzing expressions and
** for generating VDBE code that evaluates expressions in SQLite.
**
** $Id: expr.c,v 1.334 2008/01/05 16:29:28 drh Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"
#include <ctype.h>

/*
** Return the 'affinity' of the expression pExpr if any.
**
................................................................................

      if( pExpr->pSelect ){
        /* Case 1:     expr IN (SELECT ...)
        **
        ** Generate code to write the results of the select into the temporary
        ** table allocated and opened above.
        */
        SelectDest dest = {SRT_Set, 0, 0};
        dest.iParm = pExpr->iTable;


        dest.affinity = (int)affinity;
        ExprList *pEList;
        assert( (pExpr->iTable&0x0000FFFF)==pExpr->iTable );
        if( sqlite3Select(pParse, pExpr->pSelect, &dest, 0, 0, 0, 0) ){
          return;
        }
        pEList = pExpr->pSelect->pEList;
        if( pEList && pEList->nExpr>0 ){ 
          keyInfo.aColl[0] = sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq(pParse, pExpr->pLeft,
................................................................................
      ** of the memory cell in iColumn.
      */
      static const Token one = { (u8*)"1", 0, 1 };
      Select *pSel;
      SelectDest dest;

      pSel = pExpr->pSelect;
      dest.iParm = ++pParse->nMem;
      if( pExpr->op==TK_SELECT ){
        dest.eDest = SRT_Mem;
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, dest.iParm);
        VdbeComment((v, "Init subquery result"));
      }else{
        dest.eDest = SRT_Exists;
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 0, dest.iParm);

**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** This file contains routines used for analyzing expressions and
** for generating VDBE code that evaluates expressions in SQLite.
**
** $Id: expr.c,v 1.335 2008/01/06 00:25:22 drh Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"
#include <ctype.h>

/*
** Return the 'affinity' of the expression pExpr if any.
**
................................................................................

      if( pExpr->pSelect ){
        /* Case 1:     expr IN (SELECT ...)
        **
        ** Generate code to write the results of the select into the temporary
        ** table allocated and opened above.
        */
        SelectDest dest;
        ExprList *pEList;

        sqlite3SelectDestInit(&dest, SRT_Set, pExpr->iTable);
        dest.affinity = (int)affinity;

        assert( (pExpr->iTable&0x0000FFFF)==pExpr->iTable );
        if( sqlite3Select(pParse, pExpr->pSelect, &dest, 0, 0, 0, 0) ){
          return;
        }
        pEList = pExpr->pSelect->pEList;
        if( pEList && pEList->nExpr>0 ){ 
          keyInfo.aColl[0] = sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq(pParse, pExpr->pLeft,
................................................................................
      ** of the memory cell in iColumn.
      */
      static const Token one = { (u8*)"1", 0, 1 };
      Select *pSel;
      SelectDest dest;

      pSel = pExpr->pSelect;
      sqlite3SelectDestInit(&dest, 0, ++pParse->nMem);
      if( pExpr->op==TK_SELECT ){
        dest.eDest = SRT_Mem;
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, dest.iParm);
        VdbeComment((v, "Init subquery result"));
      }else{
        dest.eDest = SRT_Exists;
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 0, dest.iParm);

**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** This file contains C code routines that are called by the parser
** to handle INSERT statements in SQLite.
**
** $Id: insert.c,v 1.213 2008/01/05 05:20:10 drh Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"

/*
** Set P4 of the most recently inserted opcode to a column affinity
** string for index pIdx. A column affinity string has one character
** for each column in the table, according to the affinity of the column:
................................................................................
  int endOfLoop;        /* Label for the end of the insertion loop */
  int useTempTable = 0; /* Store SELECT results in intermediate table */
  int srcTab = 0;       /* Data comes from this temporary cursor if >=0 */
  int iSelectLoop = 0;  /* Address of code that implements the SELECT */
  int iCleanup = 0;     /* Address of the cleanup code */
  int iInsertBlock = 0; /* Address of the subroutine used to insert data */
  int iCntMem = 0;      /* Memory cell used for the row counter */

  int newIdx = -1;      /* Cursor for the NEW table */
  Db *pDb;              /* The database containing table being inserted into */
  int counterMem = 0;   /* Memory cell holding AUTOINCREMENT counter */
  int appendFlag = 0;   /* True if the insert is likely to be an append */
  int iDb;

  int nHidden = 0;
................................................................................
  ** statement uses the the table that is being inserted into, then the
  ** subroutine is also coded here.  That subroutine stores the SELECT
  ** results in a temporary table. (Template 3.)
  */
  if( pSelect ){
    /* Data is coming from a SELECT.  Generate code to implement that SELECT
    */
    SelectDest dest = {SRT_Subroutine, 0, 0};
    int rc, iInitCode;

    iInitCode = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, 0);
    iSelectLoop = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
    iInsertBlock = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
    dest.iParm = iInsertBlock;

    /* Resolve the expressions in the SELECT statement and execute it. */
    rc = sqlite3Select(pParse, pSelect, &dest, 0, 0, 0, 0);
    if( rc || pParse->nErr || db->mallocFailed ){
      goto insert_cleanup;
    }


    iCleanup = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, iCleanup);
    assert( pSelect->pEList );
    nColumn = pSelect->pEList->nExpr;

    /* Set useTempTable to TRUE if the result of the SELECT statement
    ** should be written into a temporary table.  Set to FALSE if each
................................................................................

    if( useTempTable ){
      /* Generate the subroutine that SELECT calls to process each row of
      ** the result.  Store the result in a temporary table
      */
      srcTab = pParse->nTab++;
      sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, iInsertBlock);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_StackDepth, -1, 0);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_MakeRecord, nColumn, 0);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_NewRowid, srcTab);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Pull, 1, 0);
      sqlite3CodeInsert(pParse, srcTab, OPFLAG_APPEND);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Return, 0, 0);

      /* The following code runs first because the GOTO at the very top
      ** of the program jumps to it.  Create the temporary table, then jump
................................................................................
  if( useTempTable ){
    iBreak = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rewind, srcTab, iBreak);
    iCont = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
  }else if( pSelect ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, iSelectLoop);
    sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, iInsertBlock);

    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_StackDepth, -1, 0);
  }

  /* Run the BEFORE and INSTEAD OF triggers, if there are any
  */
  endOfLoop = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
  if( triggers_exist & TRIGGER_BEFORE ){

**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** This file contains C code routines that are called by the parser
** to handle INSERT statements in SQLite.
**
** $Id: insert.c,v 1.214 2008/01/06 00:25:22 drh Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"

/*
** Set P4 of the most recently inserted opcode to a column affinity
** string for index pIdx. A column affinity string has one character
** for each column in the table, according to the affinity of the column:
................................................................................
  int endOfLoop;        /* Label for the end of the insertion loop */
  int useTempTable = 0; /* Store SELECT results in intermediate table */
  int srcTab = 0;       /* Data comes from this temporary cursor if >=0 */
  int iSelectLoop = 0;  /* Address of code that implements the SELECT */
  int iCleanup = 0;     /* Address of the cleanup code */
  int iInsertBlock = 0; /* Address of the subroutine used to insert data */
  int iCntMem = 0;      /* Memory cell used for the row counter */
  int iBaseReg;         /* Base register for data */
  int newIdx = -1;      /* Cursor for the NEW table */
  Db *pDb;              /* The database containing table being inserted into */
  int counterMem = 0;   /* Memory cell holding AUTOINCREMENT counter */
  int appendFlag = 0;   /* True if the insert is likely to be an append */
  int iDb;

  int nHidden = 0;
................................................................................
  ** statement uses the the table that is being inserted into, then the
  ** subroutine is also coded here.  That subroutine stores the SELECT
  ** results in a temporary table. (Template 3.)
  */
  if( pSelect ){
    /* Data is coming from a SELECT.  Generate code to implement that SELECT
    */
    SelectDest dest;
    int rc, iInitCode;

    iInitCode = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, 0);
    iSelectLoop = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
    iInsertBlock = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
    sqlite3SelectDestInit(&dest, SRT_Subroutine, iInsertBlock);

    /* Resolve the expressions in the SELECT statement and execute it. */
    rc = sqlite3Select(pParse, pSelect, &dest, 0, 0, 0, 0);
    if( rc || pParse->nErr || db->mallocFailed ){
      goto insert_cleanup;
    }

    iBaseReg = dest.iMem;
    iCleanup = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, iCleanup);
    assert( pSelect->pEList );
    nColumn = pSelect->pEList->nExpr;

    /* Set useTempTable to TRUE if the result of the SELECT statement
    ** should be written into a temporary table.  Set to FALSE if each
................................................................................

    if( useTempTable ){
      /* Generate the subroutine that SELECT calls to process each row of
      ** the result.  Store the result in a temporary table
      */
      srcTab = pParse->nTab++;
      sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, iInsertBlock);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_RegMakeRec, iBaseReg, nColumn);

      sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_NewRowid, srcTab);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Pull, 1, 0);
      sqlite3CodeInsert(pParse, srcTab, OPFLAG_APPEND);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Return, 0, 0);

      /* The following code runs first because the GOTO at the very top
      ** of the program jumps to it.  Create the temporary table, then jump
................................................................................
  if( useTempTable ){
    iBreak = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rewind, srcTab, iBreak);
    iCont = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
  }else if( pSelect ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, iSelectLoop);
    sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, iInsertBlock);
    sqlite3RegToStack(pParse, iBaseReg, nColumn);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_StackDepth, -1, 0);
  }

  /* Run the BEFORE and INSTEAD OF triggers, if there are any
  */
  endOfLoop = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
  if( triggers_exist & TRIGGER_BEFORE ){

**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** This file contains C code routines that are called by the parser
** to handle SELECT statements in SQLite.
**
** $Id: select.c,v 1.389 2008/01/05 18:48:24 drh Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"


/*
** Delete all the content of a Select structure but do not deallocate
** the select structure itself.
................................................................................
  sqlite3ExprListDelete(p->pGroupBy);
  sqlite3ExprDelete(p->pHaving);
  sqlite3ExprListDelete(p->pOrderBy);
  sqlite3SelectDelete(p->pPrior);
  sqlite3ExprDelete(p->pLimit);
  sqlite3ExprDelete(p->pOffset);
}












/*
** Allocate a new Select structure and return a pointer to that
** structure.
*/
Select *sqlite3SelectNew(
................................................................................
  /* Pull the requested columns.
  */
  if( nColumn>0 ){
    n = nColumn;
  }else{
    n = pEList->nExpr;
  }



  iMem = pParse->nMem+1;
  pParse->nMem += n;

  if( nColumn>0 ){
    for(i=0; i<nColumn; i++){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, srcTab, i, iMem+i);
    }
  }else if( eDest!=SRT_Exists ){
    /* If the destination is an EXISTS(...) expression, the actual
    ** values returned by the SELECT are not required.
................................................................................
    */
    case SRT_Subroutine:
    case SRT_Callback: {
      if( pOrderBy ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_RegMakeRec, iMem, nColumn);
        pushOntoSorter(pParse, pOrderBy, p);
      }else if( eDest==SRT_Subroutine ){
        for(i=0; i<nColumn; i++) sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_SCopy, iMem+i, 0);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, 0, iParm);
      }else{
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, iMem, nColumn);
      }
      break;
    }

................................................................................
    }
#endif
    case SRT_Callback:
    case SRT_Subroutine: {
      int i;
      sqlite3CodeInsert(pParse, pseudoTab, 0);
      for(i=0; i<nColumn; i++){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Column, pseudoTab, i);
      }
      if( eDest==SRT_Callback ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Callback, nColumn, 0);
      }else{
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, 0, iParm);
      }
      break;
    }
    default: {
      /* Do nothing */
................................................................................
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;   /* Success code from a subroutine */
  Select *pPrior;       /* Another SELECT immediately to our left */
  Vdbe *v;              /* Generate code to this VDBE */
  int nCol;             /* Number of columns in the result set */
  ExprList *pOrderBy;   /* The ORDER BY clause on p */
  int aSetP2[2];        /* Set P2 value of these op to number of columns */
  int nSetP2 = 0;       /* Number of slots in aSetP2[] used */


  SelectDest dest;
  dest.eDest = pDest->eDest;
  dest.iParm = pDest->iParm;
  dest.affinity = pDest->affinity;

  /* Make sure there is no ORDER BY or LIMIT clause on prior SELECTs.  Only
  ** the last (right-most) SELECT in the series may have an ORDER BY or LIMIT.
  */
  if( p==0 || p->pPrior==0 ){
    rc = 1;
    goto multi_select_end;
................................................................................
        createSortingIndex(pParse, p, pOrderBy);
        assert( p->pEList );
      }

      /* Code the SELECT statements to our left
      */
      assert( !pPrior->pOrderBy );
      uniondest.eDest = priorOp;
      uniondest.iParm = unionTab;
      rc = sqlite3Select(pParse, pPrior, &uniondest, 0, 0, 0, aff);
      if( rc ){
        goto multi_select_end;
      }

      /* Code the current SELECT statement
      */
................................................................................
      break;
    }
    case TK_INTERSECT: {
      int tab1, tab2;
      int iCont, iBreak, iStart;
      Expr *pLimit, *pOffset;
      int addr;
      SelectDest intersectdest = {SRT_Union, 0, 0};

      /* INTERSECT is different from the others since it requires
      ** two temporary tables.  Hence it has its own case.  Begin
      ** by allocating the tables we will need.
      */
      tab1 = pParse->nTab++;
      tab2 = pParse->nTab++;
................................................................................
      assert( p->addrOpenEphm[0] == -1 );
      p->addrOpenEphm[0] = addr;
      p->pRightmost->usesEphm = 1;
      assert( p->pEList );

      /* Code the SELECTs to our left into temporary table "tab1".
      */
      intersectdest.iParm = tab1;
      rc = sqlite3Select(pParse, pPrior, &intersectdest, 0, 0, 0, aff);
      if( rc ){
        goto multi_select_end;
      }

      /* Code the current SELECT into temporary table "tab2"
      */
................................................................................
      generateSortTail(pParse, p, v, p->pEList->nExpr, &dest);
    }

    sqlite3_free(pKeyInfo);
  }

multi_select_end:

  return rc;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
/* Forward Declarations */
static void substExprList(sqlite3*, ExprList*, int, ExprList*);
................................................................................
  /* Generate code for all sub-queries in the FROM clause
  */
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY) || !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW)
  for(i=0; i<pTabList->nSrc; i++){
    const char *zSavedAuthContext = 0;
    int needRestoreContext;
    struct SrcList_item *pItem = &pTabList->a[i];
    SelectDest dest = {SRT_EphemTab, 0, 0};

    if( pItem->pSelect==0 || pItem->isPopulated ) continue;
    if( pItem->zName!=0 ){
      zSavedAuthContext = pParse->zAuthContext;
      pParse->zAuthContext = pItem->zName;
      needRestoreContext = 1;
    }else{
................................................................................
    ** may contain expression trees of at most
    ** (SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH-Parse.nHeight) height. This is a bit
    ** more conservative than necessary, but much easier than enforcing
    ** an exact limit.
    */
    pParse->nHeight += sqlite3SelectExprHeight(p);
#endif
    dest.iParm = pItem->iCursor;
    sqlite3Select(pParse, pItem->pSelect, &dest, p, i, &isAgg, 0);
    if( db->mallocFailed ){
      goto select_end;
    }
#if defined(SQLITE_TEST) || SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH>0
    pParse->nHeight -= sqlite3SelectExprHeight(p);
#endif
................................................................................

      flag = minMaxQuery(pParse, p);
      if( flag ){
        pMinMax = sqlite3ExprListDup(db, p->pEList->a[0].pExpr->pList);
        if( pMinMax ){
          pMinMax->a[0].sortOrder = ((flag==ORDERBY_MIN)?0:1);
          pMinMax->a[0].pExpr->op = TK_COLUMN;
        }
	pDel = pMinMax;

      }

      /* This case runs if the aggregate has no GROUP BY clause.  The
      ** processing is much simpler since there is only a single row
      ** of output.
      */
      resetAccumulator(pParse, &sAggInfo);
      pWInfo = sqlite3WhereBegin(pParse, pTabList, pWhere, &pMinMax, flag);
      if( pWInfo==0 ){
        sqlite3ExprListDelete(pMinMax);
        goto select_end;
      }
      updateAccumulator(pParse, &sAggInfo);
      if( !pMinMax && flag ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, pWInfo->iBreak);
        VdbeComment((v, "%s() by index", (flag==ORDERBY_MIN?"min":"max")));
      }

**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** This file contains C code routines that are called by the parser
** to handle SELECT statements in SQLite.
**
** $Id: select.c,v 1.390 2008/01/06 00:25:22 drh Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"


/*
** Delete all the content of a Select structure but do not deallocate
** the select structure itself.
................................................................................
  sqlite3ExprListDelete(p->pGroupBy);
  sqlite3ExprDelete(p->pHaving);
  sqlite3ExprListDelete(p->pOrderBy);
  sqlite3SelectDelete(p->pPrior);
  sqlite3ExprDelete(p->pLimit);
  sqlite3ExprDelete(p->pOffset);
}

/*
** Initialize a SelectDest structure.
*/
void sqlite3SelectDestInit(SelectDest *pDest, int eDest, int iParm){
  pDest->eDest = eDest;
  pDest->iParm = iParm;
  pDest->affinity = 0;
  pDest->iMem = 0;
}


/*
** Allocate a new Select structure and return a pointer to that
** structure.
*/
Select *sqlite3SelectNew(
................................................................................
  /* Pull the requested columns.
  */
  if( nColumn>0 ){
    n = nColumn;
  }else{
    n = pEList->nExpr;
  }
  if( pDest->iMem>0 ){
    iMem = pDest->iMem;
  }else{
    pDest->iMem = iMem = pParse->nMem+1;
    pParse->nMem += n;
  }
  if( nColumn>0 ){
    for(i=0; i<nColumn; i++){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, srcTab, i, iMem+i);
    }
  }else if( eDest!=SRT_Exists ){
    /* If the destination is an EXISTS(...) expression, the actual
    ** values returned by the SELECT are not required.
................................................................................
    */
    case SRT_Subroutine:
    case SRT_Callback: {
      if( pOrderBy ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_RegMakeRec, iMem, nColumn);
        pushOntoSorter(pParse, pOrderBy, p);
      }else if( eDest==SRT_Subroutine ){

        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, 0, iParm);
      }else{
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, iMem, nColumn);
      }
      break;
    }

................................................................................
    }
#endif
    case SRT_Callback:
    case SRT_Subroutine: {
      int i;
      sqlite3CodeInsert(pParse, pseudoTab, 0);
      for(i=0; i<nColumn; i++){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, pseudoTab, i, pDest->iMem+i);
      }
      if( eDest==SRT_Callback ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_ResultRow, pDest->iMem, nColumn);
      }else{
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, 0, iParm);
      }
      break;
    }
    default: {
      /* Do nothing */
................................................................................
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;   /* Success code from a subroutine */
  Select *pPrior;       /* Another SELECT immediately to our left */
  Vdbe *v;              /* Generate code to this VDBE */
  int nCol;             /* Number of columns in the result set */
  ExprList *pOrderBy;   /* The ORDER BY clause on p */
  int aSetP2[2];        /* Set P2 value of these op to number of columns */
  int nSetP2 = 0;       /* Number of slots in aSetP2[] used */
  SelectDest dest;      /* Alternative data destination */


  dest = *pDest;



  /* Make sure there is no ORDER BY or LIMIT clause on prior SELECTs.  Only
  ** the last (right-most) SELECT in the series may have an ORDER BY or LIMIT.
  */
  if( p==0 || p->pPrior==0 ){
    rc = 1;
    goto multi_select_end;
................................................................................
        createSortingIndex(pParse, p, pOrderBy);
        assert( p->pEList );
      }

      /* Code the SELECT statements to our left
      */
      assert( !pPrior->pOrderBy );
      sqlite3SelectDestInit(&uniondest, priorOp, unionTab);

      rc = sqlite3Select(pParse, pPrior, &uniondest, 0, 0, 0, aff);
      if( rc ){
        goto multi_select_end;
      }

      /* Code the current SELECT statement
      */
................................................................................
      break;
    }
    case TK_INTERSECT: {
      int tab1, tab2;
      int iCont, iBreak, iStart;
      Expr *pLimit, *pOffset;
      int addr;
      SelectDest intersectdest;

      /* INTERSECT is different from the others since it requires
      ** two temporary tables.  Hence it has its own case.  Begin
      ** by allocating the tables we will need.
      */
      tab1 = pParse->nTab++;
      tab2 = pParse->nTab++;
................................................................................
      assert( p->addrOpenEphm[0] == -1 );
      p->addrOpenEphm[0] = addr;
      p->pRightmost->usesEphm = 1;
      assert( p->pEList );

      /* Code the SELECTs to our left into temporary table "tab1".
      */
      sqlite3SelectDestInit(&intersectdest, SRT_Union, tab1);
      rc = sqlite3Select(pParse, pPrior, &intersectdest, 0, 0, 0, aff);
      if( rc ){
        goto multi_select_end;
      }

      /* Code the current SELECT into temporary table "tab2"
      */
................................................................................
      generateSortTail(pParse, p, v, p->pEList->nExpr, &dest);
    }

    sqlite3_free(pKeyInfo);
  }

multi_select_end:
  pDest->iMem = dest.iMem;
  return rc;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
/* Forward Declarations */
static void substExprList(sqlite3*, ExprList*, int, ExprList*);
................................................................................
  /* Generate code for all sub-queries in the FROM clause
  */
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY) || !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW)
  for(i=0; i<pTabList->nSrc; i++){
    const char *zSavedAuthContext = 0;
    int needRestoreContext;
    struct SrcList_item *pItem = &pTabList->a[i];
    SelectDest dest;

    if( pItem->pSelect==0 || pItem->isPopulated ) continue;
    if( pItem->zName!=0 ){
      zSavedAuthContext = pParse->zAuthContext;
      pParse->zAuthContext = pItem->zName;
      needRestoreContext = 1;
    }else{
................................................................................
    ** may contain expression trees of at most
    ** (SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH-Parse.nHeight) height. This is a bit
    ** more conservative than necessary, but much easier than enforcing
    ** an exact limit.
    */
    pParse->nHeight += sqlite3SelectExprHeight(p);
#endif
    sqlite3SelectDestInit(&dest, SRT_EphemTab, pItem->iCursor);
    sqlite3Select(pParse, pItem->pSelect, &dest, p, i, &isAgg, 0);
    if( db->mallocFailed ){
      goto select_end;
    }
#if defined(SQLITE_TEST) || SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH>0
    pParse->nHeight -= sqlite3SelectExprHeight(p);
#endif
................................................................................

      flag = minMaxQuery(pParse, p);
      if( flag ){
        pMinMax = sqlite3ExprListDup(db, p->pEList->a[0].pExpr->pList);
        if( pMinMax ){
          pMinMax->a[0].sortOrder = ((flag==ORDERBY_MIN)?0:1);
          pMinMax->a[0].pExpr->op = TK_COLUMN;

          pDel = pMinMax;
        }
      }

      /* This case runs if the aggregate has no GROUP BY clause.  The
      ** processing is much simpler since there is only a single row
      ** of output.
      */
      resetAccumulator(pParse, &sAggInfo);
      pWInfo = sqlite3WhereBegin(pParse, pTabList, pWhere, &pMinMax, flag);
      if( pWInfo==0 ){
        sqlite3ExprListDelete(pDel);
        goto select_end;
      }
      updateAccumulator(pParse, &sAggInfo);
      if( !pMinMax && flag ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, pWInfo->iBreak);
        VdbeComment((v, "%s() by index", (flag==ORDERBY_MIN?"min":"max")));
      }

**    May you do good and not evil.
**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** Internal interface definitions for SQLite.
**
** @(#) $Id: sqliteInt.h,v 1.640 2008/01/05 18:48:24 drh Exp $
*/
#ifndef _SQLITEINT_H_
#define _SQLITEINT_H_

/*
** The macro unlikely() is a hint that surrounds a boolean
** expression that is usually false.  Macro likely() surrounds
................................................................................
** comments above sqlite3Select() for details.
*/
typedef struct SelectDest SelectDest;
struct SelectDest {
  u8 eDest;         /* How to dispose of the results */
  u8 affinity;      /* Affinity used when eDest==SRT_Set */
  int iParm;        /* A parameter used by the eDest disposal method */

};

/*
** An SQL parser context.  A copy of this structure is passed through
** the parser and down into all the parser action routine in order to
** carry around information that is global to the entire parse.
**
................................................................................

void sqlite3StrAccumAppend(StrAccum*,const char*,int);
char *sqlite3StrAccumFinish(StrAccum*);
void sqlite3StrAccumReset(StrAccum*);
void sqlite3CodeInsert(Parse *, int, u8);
int sqlite3StackToReg(Parse *, int);
void sqlite3RegToStack(Parse *, int, int);


/*
** The interface to the LEMON-generated parser
*/
void *sqlite3ParserAlloc(void*(*)(size_t));
void sqlite3ParserFree(void*, void(*)(void*));
void sqlite3Parser(void*, int, Token, Parse*);

**    May you do good and not evil.
**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** Internal interface definitions for SQLite.
**
** @(#) $Id: sqliteInt.h,v 1.641 2008/01/06 00:25:22 drh Exp $
*/
#ifndef _SQLITEINT_H_
#define _SQLITEINT_H_

/*
** The macro unlikely() is a hint that surrounds a boolean
** expression that is usually false.  Macro likely() surrounds
................................................................................
** comments above sqlite3Select() for details.
*/
typedef struct SelectDest SelectDest;
struct SelectDest {
  u8 eDest;         /* How to dispose of the results */
  u8 affinity;      /* Affinity used when eDest==SRT_Set */
  int iParm;        /* A parameter used by the eDest disposal method */
  int iMem;         /* Base register where results are written */
};

/*
** An SQL parser context.  A copy of this structure is passed through
** the parser and down into all the parser action routine in order to
** carry around information that is global to the entire parse.
**
................................................................................

void sqlite3StrAccumAppend(StrAccum*,const char*,int);
char *sqlite3StrAccumFinish(StrAccum*);
void sqlite3StrAccumReset(StrAccum*);
void sqlite3CodeInsert(Parse *, int, u8);
int sqlite3StackToReg(Parse *, int);
void sqlite3RegToStack(Parse *, int, int);
void sqlite3SelectDestInit(SelectDest*,int,int);

/*
** The interface to the LEMON-generated parser
*/
void *sqlite3ParserAlloc(void*(*)(size_t));
void sqlite3ParserFree(void*, void(*)(void*));
void sqlite3Parser(void*, int, Token, Parse*);

  while( pTriggerStep ){
    orconf = (orconfin == OE_Default)?pTriggerStep->orconf:orconfin;
    pParse->trigStack->orconf = orconf;
    switch( pTriggerStep->op ){
      case TK_SELECT: {
        Select *ss = sqlite3SelectDup(db, pTriggerStep->pSelect);
        if( ss ){
          SelectDest dest = {SRT_Discard, 0, 0};


          sqlite3SelectResolve(pParse, ss, 0);
          sqlite3Select(pParse, ss, &dest, 0, 0, 0, 0);
          sqlite3SelectDelete(ss);
        }
        break;
      }
      case TK_UPDATE: {

  while( pTriggerStep ){
    orconf = (orconfin == OE_Default)?pTriggerStep->orconf:orconfin;
    pParse->trigStack->orconf = orconf;
    switch( pTriggerStep->op ){
      case TK_SELECT: {
        Select *ss = sqlite3SelectDup(db, pTriggerStep->pSelect);
        if( ss ){
          SelectDest dest;

          sqlite3SelectDestInit(&dest, SRT_Discard, 0);
          sqlite3SelectResolve(pParse, ss, 0);
          sqlite3Select(pParse, ss, &dest, 0, 0, 0, 0);
          sqlite3SelectDelete(ss);
        }
        break;
      }
      case TK_UPDATE: {

**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** This file contains C code routines that are called by the parser
** to handle UPDATE statements.
**
** $Id: update.c,v 1.161 2008/01/05 17:39:30 danielk1977 Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
/* Forward declaration */
static void updateVirtualTable(
  Parse *pParse,       /* The parsing context */
................................................................................
  }

  /* If we are trying to update a view, realize that view into
  ** a ephemeral table.
  */
  if( isView ){
    Select *pView;
    SelectDest dest = {SRT_EphemTab, 0, 0};

    pView = sqlite3SelectDup(db, pTab->pSelect);
    sqlite3SelectMask(pParse, pView, old_col_mask|new_col_mask);
    dest.iParm = iCur;

    sqlite3Select(pParse, pView, &dest, 0, 0, 0, 0);
    sqlite3SelectDelete(pView);
  }

  /* Begin the database scan
  */
  pWInfo = sqlite3WhereBegin(pParse, pTabList, pWhere, 0, 0);
................................................................................
  Expr *pExpr;              /* Temporary expression */
  int ephemTab;             /* Table holding the result of the SELECT */
  int i;                    /* Loop counter */
  int addr;                 /* Address of top of loop */
  int iReg;                 /* First register in set passed to OP_VUpdate */
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db; /* Database connection */
  const char *pVtab = (const char*)pTab->pVtab;
  SelectDest dest = {SRT_Table, 0, 0};

  /* Construct the SELECT statement that will find the new values for
  ** all updated rows. 
  */
  pEList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, 0, 
                                 sqlite3CreateIdExpr(pParse, "_rowid_"), 0);
  if( pRowid ){
................................................................................
  */
  assert( v );
  ephemTab = pParse->nTab++;
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_OpenEphemeral, ephemTab, pTab->nCol+1+(pRowid!=0));

  /* fill the ephemeral table 
  */
  dest.iParm = ephemTab;
  sqlite3Select(pParse, pSelect, &dest, 0, 0, 0, 0);

  /* Generate code to scan the ephemeral table and call VUpdate. */
  iReg = ++pParse->nMem;
  pParse->nMem += pTab->nCol+1;
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rewind, ephemTab, 0);
  addr = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);

**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** This file contains C code routines that are called by the parser
** to handle UPDATE statements.
**
** $Id: update.c,v 1.162 2008/01/06 00:25:22 drh Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
/* Forward declaration */
static void updateVirtualTable(
  Parse *pParse,       /* The parsing context */
................................................................................
  }

  /* If we are trying to update a view, realize that view into
  ** a ephemeral table.
  */
  if( isView ){
    Select *pView;
    SelectDest dest;

    pView = sqlite3SelectDup(db, pTab->pSelect);
    sqlite3SelectMask(pParse, pView, old_col_mask|new_col_mask);

    sqlite3SelectDestInit(&dest, SRT_EphemTab, iCur);
    sqlite3Select(pParse, pView, &dest, 0, 0, 0, 0);
    sqlite3SelectDelete(pView);
  }

  /* Begin the database scan
  */
  pWInfo = sqlite3WhereBegin(pParse, pTabList, pWhere, 0, 0);
................................................................................
  Expr *pExpr;              /* Temporary expression */
  int ephemTab;             /* Table holding the result of the SELECT */
  int i;                    /* Loop counter */
  int addr;                 /* Address of top of loop */
  int iReg;                 /* First register in set passed to OP_VUpdate */
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db; /* Database connection */
  const char *pVtab = (const char*)pTab->pVtab;
  SelectDest dest;

  /* Construct the SELECT statement that will find the new values for
  ** all updated rows. 
  */
  pEList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, 0, 
                                 sqlite3CreateIdExpr(pParse, "_rowid_"), 0);
  if( pRowid ){
................................................................................
  */
  assert( v );
  ephemTab = pParse->nTab++;
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_OpenEphemeral, ephemTab, pTab->nCol+1+(pRowid!=0));

  /* fill the ephemeral table 
  */
  sqlite3SelectDestInit(&dest, SRT_Table, ephemTab);
  sqlite3Select(pParse, pSelect, &dest, 0, 0, 0, 0);

  /* Generate code to scan the ephemeral table and call VUpdate. */
  iReg = ++pParse->nMem;
  pParse->nMem += pTab->nCol+1;
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rewind, ephemTab, 0);
  addr = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);

**
** Various scripts scan this source file in order to generate HTML
** documentation, headers files, or other derived files.  The formatting
** of the code in this file is, therefore, important.  See other comments
** in this file for details.  If in doubt, do not deviate from existing
** commenting and indentation practices when changing or adding code.
**
** $Id: vdbe.c,v 1.685 2008/01/05 18:48:24 drh Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"
#include <ctype.h>
#include "vdbeInt.h"

/*
** The following global variable is incremented every time a cursor
................................................................................
    pOut->xDel = 0;
  }
  if( nZero ){
    pOut->u.i = nZero;
    pOut->flags |= MEM_Zero;
  }
  pOut->enc = SQLITE_UTF8;  /* In case the blob is ever converted to text */


  /* If a NULL was encountered and jumpIfNull is non-zero, take the jump. */
  if( jumpIfNull && containsNull ){
    pc = jumpIfNull - 1;
  }
  break;
}

**
** Various scripts scan this source file in order to generate HTML
** documentation, headers files, or other derived files.  The formatting
** of the code in this file is, therefore, important.  See other comments
** in this file for details.  If in doubt, do not deviate from existing
** commenting and indentation practices when changing or adding code.
**
** $Id: vdbe.c,v 1.686 2008/01/06 00:25:22 drh Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"
#include <ctype.h>
#include "vdbeInt.h"

/*
** The following global variable is incremented every time a cursor
................................................................................
    pOut->xDel = 0;
  }
  if( nZero ){
    pOut->u.i = nZero;
    pOut->flags |= MEM_Zero;
  }
  pOut->enc = SQLITE_UTF8;  /* In case the blob is ever converted to text */
  REGISTER_TRACE(pOp->p3, pOut);

  /* If a NULL was encountered and jumpIfNull is non-zero, take the jump. */
  if( jumpIfNull && containsNull ){
    pc = jumpIfNull - 1;
  }
  break;
}

#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
#
#***********************************************************************
#
# The tests in this file ensure that a temporary table is used
# when required by an "INSERT INTO ... SELECT ..." statement.
#
# $Id: insert5.test,v 1.3 2007/12/13 07:58:51 danielk1977 Exp $

set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
source $testdir/tester.tcl

ifcapable !subquery {
  finish_test
  return
................................................................................
# Run the query.
#
do_test insert5-1.1 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO B 
      SELECT * FROM B UNION ALL 
      SELECT * FROM MAIN WHERE exists (select * FROM B WHERE B.Id = MAIN.Id);
    SELECT * FROM B;
  }
} {2 3 2 3 2 3}

do_test insert5-2.1 {
  uses_temp_table { INSERT INTO b SELECT * FROM main }
} {0}
do_test insert5-2.2 {
  uses_temp_table { INSERT INTO b SELECT * FROM b }
} {1}
do_test insert5-2.3 {

#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
#
#***********************************************************************
#
# The tests in this file ensure that a temporary table is used
# when required by an "INSERT INTO ... SELECT ..." statement.
#
# $Id: insert5.test,v 1.4 2008/01/06 00:25:22 drh Exp $

set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
source $testdir/tester.tcl

ifcapable !subquery {
  finish_test
  return
................................................................................
# Run the query.
#
do_test insert5-1.1 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO B 
      SELECT * FROM B UNION ALL 
      SELECT * FROM MAIN WHERE exists (select * FROM B WHERE B.Id = MAIN.Id);
      SELECT * FROM B;
  }
} {2 3 2 3 2 3}

do_test insert5-2.1 {
  uses_temp_table { INSERT INTO b SELECT * FROM main }
} {0}
do_test insert5-2.2 {
  uses_temp_table { INSERT INTO b SELECT * FROM b }
} {1}
do_test insert5-2.3 {