u8 secureDelete;      /* True if secure_delete is enabled */
  u8 initiallyEmpty;    /* Database is empty at start of transaction */
  u8 openFlags;         /* Flags to sqlite3BtreeOpen() */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
  u8 autoVacuum;        /* True if auto-vacuum is enabled */
  u8 incrVacuum;        /* True if incr-vacuum is enabled */
#endif


  u16 maxLocal;         /* Maximum local payload in non-LEAFDATA tables */
  u16 minLocal;         /* Minimum local payload in non-LEAFDATA tables */
  u16 maxLeaf;          /* Maximum local payload in a LEAFDATA table */
  u16 minLeaf;          /* Minimum local payload in a LEAFDATA table */
  u8 inTransaction;     /* Transaction state */
  u8 doNotUseWAL;       /* If true, do not open write-ahead-log file */
  u32 pageSize;         /* Total number of bytes on a page */
  u32 usableSize;       /* Number of usable bytes on each page */
  int nTransaction;     /* Number of open transactions (read + write) */
  u32 nPage;            /* Number of pages in the database */
  void *pSchema;        /* Pointer to space allocated by sqlite3BtreeSchema() */
  void (*xFreeSchema)(void*);  /* Destructor for BtShared.pSchema */
  sqlite3_mutex *mutex; /* Non-recursive mutex required to access this struct */
................................................................................
/*
** An instance of the following structure is used to hold information
** about a cell.  The parseCellPtr() function fills in this structure
** based on information extract from the raw disk page.
*/
typedef struct CellInfo CellInfo;
struct CellInfo {
  u8 *pCell;     /* Pointer to the start of cell content */
  i64 nKey;      /* The key for INTKEY tables, or number of bytes in key */

  u32 nData;     /* Number of bytes of data */
  u32 nPayload;  /* Total amount of payload */
  u16 nHeader;   /* Size of the cell content header in bytes */
  u16 nLocal;    /* Amount of payload held locally */
  u16 iOverflow; /* Offset to overflow page number.  Zero if no overflow */
  u16 nSize;     /* Size of the cell content on the main b-tree page */
};
................................................................................
  Btree *pBtree;            /* The Btree to which this cursor belongs */
  BtShared *pBt;            /* The BtShared this cursor points to */
  BtCursor *pNext, *pPrev;  /* Forms a linked list of all cursors */
  struct KeyInfo *pKeyInfo; /* Argument passed to comparison function */
  Pgno pgnoRoot;            /* The root page of this tree */
  sqlite3_int64 cachedRowid; /* Next rowid cache.  0 means not valid */
  CellInfo info;            /* A parse of the cell we are pointing at */



  u8 wrFlag;                /* True if writable */
  u8 atLast;                /* Cursor pointing to the last entry */
  u8 validNKey;             /* True if info.nKey is valid */
  u8 eState;                /* One of the CURSOR_XXX constants (see below) */
  void *pKey;      /* Saved key that was cursor's last known position */
  i64 nKey;        /* Size of pKey, or last integer key */
  int skipNext;    /* Prev() is noop if negative. Next() is noop if positive */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_INCRBLOB
  u8 isIncrblobHandle;      /* True if this cursor is an incr. io handle */
  Pgno *aOverflow;          /* Cache of overflow page locations */

#endif
  i16 iPage;                            /* Index of current page in apPage */
  MemPage *apPage[BTCURSOR_MAX_DEPTH];  /* Pages from root to current page */
  u16 aiIdx[BTCURSOR_MAX_DEPTH];        /* Current index in apPage[i] */

};

/*
** Potential values for BtCursor.eState.
**
** CURSOR_VALID:
**   Cursor points to a valid entry. getPayload() etc. may be called.

  u8 secureDelete;      /* True if secure_delete is enabled */
  u8 initiallyEmpty;    /* Database is empty at start of transaction */
  u8 openFlags;         /* Flags to sqlite3BtreeOpen() */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
  u8 autoVacuum;        /* True if auto-vacuum is enabled */
  u8 incrVacuum;        /* True if incr-vacuum is enabled */
#endif
  u8 inTransaction;     /* Transaction state */
  u8 doNotUseWAL;       /* If true, do not open write-ahead-log file */
  u16 maxLocal;         /* Maximum local payload in non-LEAFDATA tables */
  u16 minLocal;         /* Minimum local payload in non-LEAFDATA tables */
  u16 maxLeaf;          /* Maximum local payload in a LEAFDATA table */
  u16 minLeaf;          /* Minimum local payload in a LEAFDATA table */


  u32 pageSize;         /* Total number of bytes on a page */
  u32 usableSize;       /* Number of usable bytes on each page */
  int nTransaction;     /* Number of open transactions (read + write) */
  u32 nPage;            /* Number of pages in the database */
  void *pSchema;        /* Pointer to space allocated by sqlite3BtreeSchema() */
  void (*xFreeSchema)(void*);  /* Destructor for BtShared.pSchema */
  sqlite3_mutex *mutex; /* Non-recursive mutex required to access this struct */
................................................................................
/*
** An instance of the following structure is used to hold information
** about a cell.  The parseCellPtr() function fills in this structure
** based on information extract from the raw disk page.
*/
typedef struct CellInfo CellInfo;
struct CellInfo {

  i64 nKey;      /* The key for INTKEY tables, or number of bytes in key */
  u8 *pCell;     /* Pointer to the start of cell content */
  u32 nData;     /* Number of bytes of data */
  u32 nPayload;  /* Total amount of payload */
  u16 nHeader;   /* Size of the cell content header in bytes */
  u16 nLocal;    /* Amount of payload held locally */
  u16 iOverflow; /* Offset to overflow page number.  Zero if no overflow */
  u16 nSize;     /* Size of the cell content on the main b-tree page */
};
................................................................................
  Btree *pBtree;            /* The Btree to which this cursor belongs */
  BtShared *pBt;            /* The BtShared this cursor points to */
  BtCursor *pNext, *pPrev;  /* Forms a linked list of all cursors */
  struct KeyInfo *pKeyInfo; /* Argument passed to comparison function */
  Pgno pgnoRoot;            /* The root page of this tree */
  sqlite3_int64 cachedRowid; /* Next rowid cache.  0 means not valid */
  CellInfo info;            /* A parse of the cell we are pointing at */
  i64 nKey;        /* Size of pKey, or last integer key */
  void *pKey;      /* Saved key that was cursor's last known position */
  int skipNext;    /* Prev() is noop if negative. Next() is noop if positive */
  u8 wrFlag;                /* True if writable */
  u8 atLast;                /* Cursor pointing to the last entry */
  u8 validNKey;             /* True if info.nKey is valid */
  u8 eState;                /* One of the CURSOR_XXX constants (see below) */



#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_INCRBLOB

  Pgno *aOverflow;          /* Cache of overflow page locations */
  u8 isIncrblobHandle;      /* True if this cursor is an incr. io handle */
#endif
  i16 iPage;                            /* Index of current page in apPage */

  u16 aiIdx[BTCURSOR_MAX_DEPTH];        /* Current index in apPage[i] */
  MemPage *apPage[BTCURSOR_MAX_DEPTH];  /* Pages from root to current page */
};

/*
** Potential values for BtCursor.eState.
**
** CURSOR_VALID:
**   Cursor points to a valid entry. getPayload() etc. may be called.

** The cursor can seek to a BTree entry with a particular key, or
** loop over all entries of the Btree.  You can also insert new BTree
** entries or retrieve the key or data from the entry that the cursor
** is currently pointing to.
** 
** Every cursor that the virtual machine has open is represented by an
** instance of the following structure.
**
** If the VdbeCursor.isTriggerRow flag is set it means that this cursor is
** really a single row that represents the NEW or OLD pseudo-table of
** a row trigger.  The data for the row is stored in VdbeCursor.pData and
** the rowid is in VdbeCursor.iKey.
*/
struct VdbeCursor {
  BtCursor *pCursor;    /* The cursor structure of the backend */


  int iDb;              /* Index of cursor database in db->aDb[] (or -1) */
  i64 lastRowid;        /* Last rowid from a Next or NextIdx operation */


  Bool zeroed;          /* True if zeroed out and ready for reuse */
  Bool rowidIsValid;    /* True if lastRowid is valid */
  Bool atFirst;         /* True if pointing to first entry */
  Bool useRandomRowid;  /* Generate new record numbers semi-randomly */
  Bool nullRow;         /* True if pointing to a row with no data */
  Bool deferredMoveto;  /* A call to sqlite3BtreeMoveto() is needed */
  Bool isTable;         /* True if a table requiring integer keys */
  Bool isIndex;         /* True if an index containing keys only - no data */
  Bool isOrdered;       /* True if the underlying table is BTREE_UNORDERED */
  i64 movetoTarget;     /* Argument to the deferred sqlite3BtreeMoveto() */
  Btree *pBt;           /* Separate file holding temporary table */
  int pseudoTableReg;   /* Register holding pseudotable content. */
  KeyInfo *pKeyInfo;    /* Info about index keys needed by index cursors */
  int nField;           /* Number of fields in the header */
  i64 seqCount;         /* Sequence counter */
  sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pVtabCursor;  /* The cursor for a virtual table */
  const sqlite3_module *pModule;     /* Module for cursor pVtabCursor */




  /* Result of last sqlite3BtreeMoveto() done by an OP_NotExists or 
  ** OP_IsUnique opcode on this cursor. */
  int seekResult;

  /* Cached information about the header for the data record that the
  ** cursor is currently pointing to.  Only valid if cacheStatus matches
................................................................................
** A value for VdbeCursor.cacheValid that means the cache is always invalid.
*/
#define CACHE_STALE 0

/*
** Internally, the vdbe manipulates nearly all SQL values as Mem
** structures. Each Mem struct may cache multiple representations (string,
** integer etc.) of the same value.  A value (and therefore Mem structure)
** has the following properties:
**
** Each value has a manifest type. The manifest type of the value stored
** in a Mem struct is returned by the MemType(Mem*) macro. The type is
** one of SQLITE_NULL, SQLITE_INTEGER, SQLITE_REAL, SQLITE_TEXT or
** SQLITE_BLOB.
*/
struct Mem {



  union {
    i64 i;              /* Integer value. */
    int nZero;          /* Used when bit MEM_Zero is set in flags */
    FuncDef *pDef;      /* Used only when flags==MEM_Agg */
    RowSet *pRowSet;    /* Used only when flags==MEM_RowSet */
    VdbeFrame *pFrame;  /* Used when flags==MEM_Frame */
  } u;
  double r;           /* Real value */
  sqlite3 *db;        /* The associated database connection */
  char *z;            /* String or BLOB value */
  int n;              /* Number of characters in string value, excluding '\0' */
  u16 flags;          /* Some combination of MEM_Null, MEM_Str, MEM_Dyn, etc. */
  u8  type;           /* One of SQLITE_NULL, SQLITE_TEXT, SQLITE_INTEGER, etc */
  u8  enc;            /* SQLITE_UTF8, SQLITE_UTF16BE, SQLITE_UTF16LE */
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  Mem *pScopyFrom;    /* This Mem is a shallow copy of pScopyFrom */
  void *pFiller;      /* So that sizeof(Mem) is a multiple of 8 */
................................................................................
** No other flags may be set in this case.
**
** If the MEM_Str flag is set then Mem.z points at a string representation.
** Usually this is encoded in the same unicode encoding as the main
** database (see below for exceptions). If the MEM_Term flag is also
** set, then the string is nul terminated. The MEM_Int and MEM_Real 
** flags may coexist with the MEM_Str flag.
**
** Multiple of these values can appear in Mem.flags.  But only one
** at a time can appear in Mem.type.
*/
#define MEM_Null      0x0001   /* Value is NULL */
#define MEM_Str       0x0002   /* Value is a string */
#define MEM_Int       0x0004   /* Value is an integer */
#define MEM_Real      0x0008   /* Value is a real number */
#define MEM_Blob      0x0010   /* Value is a BLOB */
#define MEM_RowSet    0x0020   /* Value is a RowSet object */
................................................................................
  VdbeFunc *pVdbeFunc;  /* Auxilary data, if created. */
  Mem s;                /* The return value is stored here */
  Mem *pMem;            /* Memory cell used to store aggregate context */
  int isError;          /* Error code returned by the function. */
  CollSeq *pColl;       /* Collating sequence */
};

/*
** A Set structure is used for quick testing to see if a value
** is part of a small set.  Sets are used to implement code like
** this:
**            x.y IN ('hi','hoo','hum')
*/
typedef struct Set Set;
struct Set {
  Hash hash;             /* A set is just a hash table */
  HashElem *prev;        /* Previously accessed hash elemen */
};

/*
** An instance of the virtual machine.  This structure contains the complete
** state of the virtual machine.
**
** The "sqlite3_stmt" structure pointer that is returned by sqlite3_compile()
** is really a pointer to an instance of this structure.
**
** The Vdbe.inVtabMethod variable is set to non-zero for the duration of
** any virtual table method invocations made by the vdbe program. It is
** set to 2 for xDestroy method calls and 1 for all other methods. This
** variable is used for two purposes: to allow xDestroy methods to execute
** "DROP TABLE" statements and to prevent some nasty side effects of
** malloc failure when SQLite is invoked recursively by a virtual table 
** method function.
*/
struct Vdbe {
  sqlite3 *db;            /* The database connection that owns this statement */
  Vdbe *pPrev,*pNext;     /* Linked list of VDBEs with the same Vdbe.db */
  int nOp;                /* Number of instructions in the program */
  int nOpAlloc;           /* Number of slots allocated for aOp[] */
  Op *aOp;                /* Space to hold the virtual machine's program */
  int nLabel;             /* Number of labels used */
  int nLabelAlloc;        /* Number of slots allocated in aLabel[] */
  int *aLabel;            /* Space to hold the labels */

  Mem **apArg;            /* Arguments to currently executing user function */
  Mem *aColName;          /* Column names to return */
  Mem *pResultSet;        /* Pointer to an array of results */






  u16 nResColumn;         /* Number of columns in one row of the result set */
  u16 nCursor;            /* Number of slots in apCsr[] */



  VdbeCursor **apCsr;     /* One element of this array for each open cursor */
  u8 errorAction;         /* Recovery action to do in case of an error */
  u8 okVar;               /* True if azVar[] has been initialized */
  ynVar nVar;             /* Number of entries in aVar[] */
  Mem *aVar;              /* Values for the OP_Variable opcode. */
  char **azVar;           /* Name of variables */
  u32 magic;              /* Magic number for sanity checking */
  int nMem;               /* Number of memory locations currently allocated */
  Mem *aMem;              /* The memory locations */

  u32 cacheCtr;           /* VdbeCursor row cache generation counter */
  int pc;                 /* The program counter */
  int rc;                 /* Value to return */
  char *zErrMsg;          /* Error message written here */

  u8 explain;             /* True if EXPLAIN present on SQL command */
  u8 changeCntOn;         /* True to update the change-counter */
  u8 expired;             /* True if the VM needs to be recompiled */
  u8 runOnlyOnce;         /* Automatically expire on reset */
  u8 minWriteFileFormat;  /* Minimum file format for writable database files */
  u8 inVtabMethod;        /* See comments above */
  u8 usesStmtJournal;     /* True if uses a statement journal */
  u8 readOnly;            /* True for read-only statements */
  u8 isPrepareV2;         /* True if prepared with prepare_v2() */
  int nChange;            /* Number of db changes made since last reset */
  int btreeMask;          /* Bitmask of db->aDb[] entries referenced */
  i64 startTime;          /* Time when query started - used for profiling */
  BtreeMutexArray aMutex; /* An array of Btree used here and needing locks */
  int aCounter[3];        /* Counters used by sqlite3_stmt_status() */

  char *zSql;             /* Text of the SQL statement that generated this */
  void *pFree;            /* Free this when deleting the vdbe */

  i64 nFkConstraint;      /* Number of imm. FK constraints this VM */
  i64 nStmtDefCons;       /* Number of def. constraints when stmt started */
  int iStatement;         /* Statement number (or 0 if has not opened stmt) */


#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  FILE *trace;            /* Write an execution trace here, if not NULL */
#endif
  VdbeFrame *pFrame;      /* Parent frame */
  VdbeFrame *pDelFrame;   /* List of frame objects to free on VM reset */
  int nFrame;             /* Number of frames in pFrame list */
  u32 expmask;            /* Binding to these vars invalidates VM */

** The cursor can seek to a BTree entry with a particular key, or
** loop over all entries of the Btree.  You can also insert new BTree
** entries or retrieve the key or data from the entry that the cursor
** is currently pointing to.
** 
** Every cursor that the virtual machine has open is represented by an
** instance of the following structure.





*/
struct VdbeCursor {
  BtCursor *pCursor;    /* The cursor structure of the backend */
  Btree *pBt;           /* Separate file holding temporary table */
  KeyInfo *pKeyInfo;    /* Info about index keys needed by index cursors */
  int iDb;              /* Index of cursor database in db->aDb[] (or -1) */

  int pseudoTableReg;   /* Register holding pseudotable content. */
  int nField;           /* Number of fields in the header */
  Bool zeroed;          /* True if zeroed out and ready for reuse */
  Bool rowidIsValid;    /* True if lastRowid is valid */
  Bool atFirst;         /* True if pointing to first entry */
  Bool useRandomRowid;  /* Generate new record numbers semi-randomly */
  Bool nullRow;         /* True if pointing to a row with no data */
  Bool deferredMoveto;  /* A call to sqlite3BtreeMoveto() is needed */
  Bool isTable;         /* True if a table requiring integer keys */
  Bool isIndex;         /* True if an index containing keys only - no data */
  Bool isOrdered;       /* True if the underlying table is BTREE_UNORDERED */






  sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pVtabCursor;  /* The cursor for a virtual table */
  const sqlite3_module *pModule;     /* Module for cursor pVtabCursor */
  i64 seqCount;         /* Sequence counter */
  i64 movetoTarget;     /* Argument to the deferred sqlite3BtreeMoveto() */
  i64 lastRowid;        /* Last rowid from a Next or NextIdx operation */

  /* Result of last sqlite3BtreeMoveto() done by an OP_NotExists or 
  ** OP_IsUnique opcode on this cursor. */
  int seekResult;

  /* Cached information about the header for the data record that the
  ** cursor is currently pointing to.  Only valid if cacheStatus matches
................................................................................
** A value for VdbeCursor.cacheValid that means the cache is always invalid.
*/
#define CACHE_STALE 0

/*
** Internally, the vdbe manipulates nearly all SQL values as Mem
** structures. Each Mem struct may cache multiple representations (string,
** integer etc.) of the same value.






*/
struct Mem {
  sqlite3 *db;        /* The associated database connection */
  char *z;            /* String or BLOB value */
  double r;           /* Real value */
  union {
    i64 i;              /* Integer value used when MEM_Int is set in flags */
    int nZero;          /* Used when bit MEM_Zero is set in flags */
    FuncDef *pDef;      /* Used only when flags==MEM_Agg */
    RowSet *pRowSet;    /* Used only when flags==MEM_RowSet */
    VdbeFrame *pFrame;  /* Used when flags==MEM_Frame */
  } u;



  int n;              /* Number of characters in string value, excluding '\0' */
  u16 flags;          /* Some combination of MEM_Null, MEM_Str, MEM_Dyn, etc. */
  u8  type;           /* One of SQLITE_NULL, SQLITE_TEXT, SQLITE_INTEGER, etc */
  u8  enc;            /* SQLITE_UTF8, SQLITE_UTF16BE, SQLITE_UTF16LE */
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  Mem *pScopyFrom;    /* This Mem is a shallow copy of pScopyFrom */
  void *pFiller;      /* So that sizeof(Mem) is a multiple of 8 */
................................................................................
** No other flags may be set in this case.
**
** If the MEM_Str flag is set then Mem.z points at a string representation.
** Usually this is encoded in the same unicode encoding as the main
** database (see below for exceptions). If the MEM_Term flag is also
** set, then the string is nul terminated. The MEM_Int and MEM_Real 
** flags may coexist with the MEM_Str flag.



*/
#define MEM_Null      0x0001   /* Value is NULL */
#define MEM_Str       0x0002   /* Value is a string */
#define MEM_Int       0x0004   /* Value is an integer */
#define MEM_Real      0x0008   /* Value is a real number */
#define MEM_Blob      0x0010   /* Value is a BLOB */
#define MEM_RowSet    0x0020   /* Value is a RowSet object */
................................................................................
  VdbeFunc *pVdbeFunc;  /* Auxilary data, if created. */
  Mem s;                /* The return value is stored here */
  Mem *pMem;            /* Memory cell used to store aggregate context */
  int isError;          /* Error code returned by the function. */
  CollSeq *pColl;       /* Collating sequence */
};













/*
** An instance of the virtual machine.  This structure contains the complete
** state of the virtual machine.
**
** The "sqlite3_stmt" structure pointer that is returned by sqlite3_prepare()
** is really a pointer to an instance of this structure.
**
** The Vdbe.inVtabMethod variable is set to non-zero for the duration of
** any virtual table method invocations made by the vdbe program. It is
** set to 2 for xDestroy method calls and 1 for all other methods. This
** variable is used for two purposes: to allow xDestroy methods to execute
** "DROP TABLE" statements and to prevent some nasty side effects of
** malloc failure when SQLite is invoked recursively by a virtual table 
** method function.
*/
struct Vdbe {
  sqlite3 *db;            /* The database connection that owns this statement */



  Op *aOp;                /* Space to hold the virtual machine's program */



  Mem *aMem;              /* The memory locations */
  Mem **apArg;            /* Arguments to currently executing user function */
  Mem *aColName;          /* Column names to return */
  Mem *pResultSet;        /* Pointer to an array of results */
  int nMem;               /* Number of memory locations currently allocated */
  int nOp;                /* Number of instructions in the program */
  int nOpAlloc;           /* Number of slots allocated for aOp[] */
  int nLabel;             /* Number of labels used */
  int nLabelAlloc;        /* Number of slots allocated in aLabel[] */
  int *aLabel;            /* Space to hold the labels */
  u16 nResColumn;         /* Number of columns in one row of the result set */
  u16 nCursor;            /* Number of slots in apCsr[] */
  u32 magic;              /* Magic number for sanity checking */
  char *zErrMsg;          /* Error message written here */
  Vdbe *pPrev,*pNext;     /* Linked list of VDBEs with the same Vdbe.db */
  VdbeCursor **apCsr;     /* One element of this array for each open cursor */



  Mem *aVar;              /* Values for the OP_Variable opcode. */
  char **azVar;           /* Name of variables */



  ynVar nVar;             /* Number of entries in aVar[] */
  u32 cacheCtr;           /* VdbeCursor row cache generation counter */
  int pc;                 /* The program counter */
  int rc;                 /* Value to return */
  u8 errorAction;         /* Recovery action to do in case of an error */
  u8 okVar;               /* True if azVar[] has been initialized */
  u8 explain;             /* True if EXPLAIN present on SQL command */
  u8 changeCntOn;         /* True to update the change-counter */
  u8 expired;             /* True if the VM needs to be recompiled */
  u8 runOnlyOnce;         /* Automatically expire on reset */
  u8 minWriteFileFormat;  /* Minimum file format for writable database files */
  u8 inVtabMethod;        /* See comments above */
  u8 usesStmtJournal;     /* True if uses a statement journal */
  u8 readOnly;            /* True for read-only statements */
  u8 isPrepareV2;         /* True if prepared with prepare_v2() */
  int nChange;            /* Number of db changes made since last reset */
  int btreeMask;          /* Bitmask of db->aDb[] entries referenced */
  int iStatement;         /* Statement number (or 0 if has not opened stmt) */

  int aCounter[3];        /* Counters used by sqlite3_stmt_status() */
  BtreeMutexArray aMutex; /* An array of Btree used here and needing locks */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE
  i64 startTime;          /* Time when query started - used for profiling */
#endif
  i64 nFkConstraint;      /* Number of imm. FK constraints this VM */
  i64 nStmtDefCons;       /* Number of def. constraints when stmt started */

  char *zSql;             /* Text of the SQL statement that generated this */
  void *pFree;            /* Free this when deleting the vdbe */
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  FILE *trace;            /* Write an execution trace here, if not NULL */
#endif
  VdbeFrame *pFrame;      /* Parent frame */
  VdbeFrame *pDelFrame;   /* List of frame objects to free on VM reset */
  int nFrame;             /* Number of frames in pFrame list */
  u32 expmask;            /* Binding to these vars invalidates VM */

    ** this assert() from failing, when building with SQLITE_DEBUG defined
    ** using gcc, force nullMem to be 8-byte aligned using the magical
    ** __attribute__((aligned(8))) macro.  */
    static const Mem nullMem 
#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) && defined(__GNUC__)
      __attribute__((aligned(8))) 
#endif
      = {{0}, (double)0, 0, "", 0, MEM_Null, SQLITE_NULL, 0, 0, 0 };

    if( pVm && ALWAYS(pVm->db) ){
      sqlite3_mutex_enter(pVm->db->mutex);
      sqlite3Error(pVm->db, SQLITE_RANGE, 0);
    }
    pOut = (Mem*)&nullMem;
  }

    ** this assert() from failing, when building with SQLITE_DEBUG defined
    ** using gcc, force nullMem to be 8-byte aligned using the magical
    ** __attribute__((aligned(8))) macro.  */
    static const Mem nullMem 
#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) && defined(__GNUC__)
      __attribute__((aligned(8))) 
#endif
      = {0, "", (double)0, {0}, 0, MEM_Null, SQLITE_NULL, 0, 0, 0 };

    if( pVm && ALWAYS(pVm->db) ){
      sqlite3_mutex_enter(pVm->db->mutex);
      sqlite3Error(pVm->db, SQLITE_RANGE, 0);
    }
    pOut = (Mem*)&nullMem;
  }