SQLite

** onto the top of the stack. If argument bFree is true, then this
** WITH clause will never be popped from the stack. In this case it
** should be freed along with the Parse object. In other cases, when
** bFree==0, the With object will be freed along with the SELECT 
** statement with which it is associated.
*/
void sqlite3WithPush(Parse *pParse, With *pWith, u8 bFree){
  assert( bFree==0 || (pParse->pWith==0 && pParse->pWithToFree==0) );
  if( pWith ){
    assert( pParse->pWith!=pWith );
    pWith->pOuter = pParse->pWith;
    pParse->pWith = pWith;
    if( bFree ) pParse->pWithToFree = pWith;
  }
}

/*
** This function checks if argument pFrom refers to a CTE declared by 
** a WITH clause on the stack currently maintained by the parser. And,
** if currently processing a CTE expression, if it is a recursive

    }
    assert( pTab->nRef==1 || ((pSel->selFlags&SF_Recursive) && pTab->nRef==2 ));

    pCte->zCteErr = "circular reference: %s";
    pSavedWith = pParse->pWith;
    pParse->pWith = pWith;
    sqlite3WalkSelect(pWalker, bMayRecursive ? pSel->pPrior : pSel);
    pParse->pWith = pWith;

    for(pLeft=pSel; pLeft->pPrior; pLeft=pLeft->pPrior);
    pEList = pLeft->pEList;
    if( pCte->pCols ){
      if( pEList && pEList->nExpr!=pCte->pCols->nExpr ){
        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "table %s has %d values for %d columns",
            pCte->zName, pEList->nExpr, pCte->pCols->nExpr

  ** using offsetof(Parse,nVar) so the nVar field must be the first field
  ** in the recursive region.
  ************************************************************************/

  int nVar;                 /* Number of '?' variables seen in the SQL so far */
  int nzVar;                /* Number of available slots in azVar[] */
  u8 iPkSortOrder;          /* ASC or DESC for INTEGER PRIMARY KEY */

  u8 explain;               /* True if the EXPLAIN flag is found on the query */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
  u8 declareVtab;           /* True if inside sqlite3_declare_vtab() */
  int nVtabLock;            /* Number of virtual tables to lock */
#endif
  int nAlias;               /* Number of aliased result set columns */
  int nHeight;              /* Expression tree height of current sub-select */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
  Token sArg;               /* Complete text of a module argument */
  Table **apVtabLock;       /* Pointer to virtual tables needing locking */
#endif
  Table *pZombieTab;        /* List of Table objects to delete after code gen */
  TriggerPrg *pTriggerPrg;  /* Linked list of coded triggers */
  With *pWith;              /* Current WITH clause, or NULL */
  With *pWithToFree;        /* Free this WITH object at the end of the parse */
};

/*
** Return true if currently inside an sqlite3_declare_vtab() call.
*/
#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
  #define IN_DECLARE_VTAB 0

    /* If the pParse->declareVtab flag is set, do not delete any table 
    ** structure built up in pParse->pNewTable. The calling code (see vtab.c)
    ** will take responsibility for freeing the Table structure.
    */
    sqlite3DeleteTable(db, pParse->pNewTable);
  }

  sqlite3WithDelete(db, pParse->pWithToFree);
  sqlite3DeleteTrigger(db, pParse->pNewTrigger);
  for(i=pParse->nzVar-1; i>=0; i--) sqlite3DbFree(db, pParse->azVar[i]);
  sqlite3DbFree(db, pParse->azVar);
  while( pParse->pAinc ){
    AutoincInfo *p = pParse->pAinc;
    pParse->pAinc = p->pNext;
    sqlite3DbFree(db, p);

# 2015-11-07
#
# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
#
#    May you do good and not evil.
#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
#
#***********************************************************************
# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
# focus of this file is testing the WITH clause.
#

set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
source $testdir/tester.tcl
set ::testprefix with3

ifcapable {!cte} {
  finish_test
  return
}

# Test problems found by Kostya Serebryany using 
# LibFuzzer.  (http://llvm.org/docs/LibFuzzer.html)
#
do_catchsql_test 1.0 {
  WITH i(x) AS (
    WITH j AS (SELECT 10)
    SELECT 5 FROM t0 UNION SELECT 8 FROM m
  )
  SELECT * FROM i;
} {1 {no such table: m}}

# Additional test cases that came out of the work to
# fix for Kostya's problem.
#
do_execsql_test 2.0 {
 WITH
  x1 AS (SELECT 10),
  x2 AS (SELECT 11),
  x3 AS (
    SELECT * FROM x1 UNION ALL SELECT * FROM x2
  ),
  x4 AS (
    WITH
    x1 AS (SELECT 12),
    x2 AS (SELECT 13)
    SELECT * FROM x3
  )
  SELECT * FROM x4;

} {10 11}

do_execsql_test 2.1 {
  CREATE TABLE t1(x);
  WITH
    x1(a) AS (values(100))
  INSERT INTO t1(x)
    SELECT * FROM (WITH x2(y) AS (SELECT * FROM x1) SELECT y+a FROM x1, x2);
  SELECT * FROM t1;
} {200}

finish_test